Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses During the quarter ended September 30, 2022, $48.1 million in CCBX loans were transferred to loans held for sale, with $64.8 million in loans sold, at par; $43.3 million remains in loans held for sale as of September 30, 2022. At December 31, 2021, there were no loans held for sale. The loans held for sale are residential real estate secured lines of credit. The composition of the loan portfolio is as follows as of the periods indicated: September 30, December 31, 2022 2021 (dollars in thousands; unaudited) Commercial and industrial loans $ 339,928 $ 419,060 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 224,188 183,594 Residential real estate 402,781 204,389 Commercial real estate 1,024,067 835,587 Consumer and other loans 523,536 108,871 Gross loans receivable 2,514,500 1,751,501 Net deferred origination fees and premiums (6,611) (8,766) Loans receivable $ 2,507,889 $ 1,742,735 Included in commercial and industrial loans are PPP loans of $5.8 million at September 30, 2022 and $111.8 million at December 31, 2021. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). PPP loans had net deferred origination fees of $111,000 as of September 30, 2022, and $3.6 million as of December 31, 2021. Also included in commercial and industrial loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, is $174.3 million and $202.9 million, respectively in capital call lines, provided to venture capital firms through one of our BaaS clients. These loans are secured by the capital call rights and are individually underwritten to the Bank’s credit standards by our BaaS client and the underwriting is reviewed and approved by the Bank on every line. Included in consumer and other loans are overdrafts of $3.8 million and $1.3 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company has pledged loans totaling $233.0 million and $183.5 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, for borrowing lines at the FHLB and FRB. The balance of SBA and USDA loans and participations sold and serviced for others totaled $14.8 million and $19.3 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The balance of Main Street Lending Program (“MSLP”) loans including participations to others with servicing retained totaled $58.0 million and $56.3 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, with $3.1 million and $4.8 million in MSLP loans on the balance sheet and included in commercial and industrial loans at September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company, at times, purchases individual loans through the community bank at fair value as of the acquisition date. The Company held purchased loans with remaining balances that totaled $9.7 million and $12.8 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Unamortized premiums on these loans totaled $173,000 and $223,000 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and are amortized into interest income over the life of the loans. The Company, at times, purchases participations of loans and held purchased participation loans with remaining balances totaling $58.9 million and $27.9 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company purchased loans from a CCBX partner, at par, through agreements with that CCBX partner, and those loans had a remaining balance of $183.1 million as of September 30, 2022 and $59.7 million as of December 31, 2021. As of September 30, 2022, $167.3 million is included in consumer and other loans and $15.8 million is included in commercial and industrial loans, compared to $59.4 million in consumer and other loans and $28.1 million in commercial and industrial loans as of December 31, 2021. The following is a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio segments: Commercial and industrial loans – Commercial and industrial loans are secured by business assets including inventory, receivables and machinery and equipment of businesses located generally in the Company’s primary market area and capital calls on venture and investment funds. Also included in commercial and industrial loans are $15.8 million in unsecured CCBX partner loans. Loan types include PPP loans, revolving lines of credit, term loans, and loans secured by liquid collateral such as cash deposits or marketable securities. Also included in commercial and industrial loans are loans to other financial institutions. Additionally, the Company issues letters of credit on behalf of its customers. Risk arises primarily due to the difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. In addition, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrower’s ability to collect amounts due from its customers. As of September 30, 2022, $174.3 million in CCBX capital call lines are included in commercial and industrial loans compared to $202.9 million at December 31, 2021. Capital call lines are provided to venture capital firms. These loans are secured by the capital call rights and are individually underwritten to the Bank’s credit standards and the underwriting is reviewed by the Bank on every line/loan. Capital call lines bear a lower rate of interest, but have less credit risk due to the way the loans are structured compared to other commercial loans. Construction, land and land development loans – The Company originates loans for the construction of 1-4 family, multifamily, and Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) properties in the Company’s market area. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, government regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans, as adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market, which could affect the borrower’s ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company occasionally originates land loans for the purpose of facilitating the ultimate construction of a home or commercial building. The primary risks include the borrower’s ability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a material decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. Residential real estate loans – Residential real estate includes various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Included in this segment are first and second lien single family loans, which the Company occasionally purchases to diversify its loan portfolio, and rental portfolios secured by one-to-four family homes. The primary risks of residential real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateral, and significant increases in interest rates which may make the loan unprofitable. As of September 30, 2022, $203.9 million in CCBX loans are included in residential real estate loans, compared to $36.9 million at December 31, 2021. These home equity lines of credit are secured by residential real estate and are accessed by using a credit card. Home equity lines of credit are classified as residential real estate per regulatory guidelines. Commercial real estate (includes owner occupied and nonowner occupied) loans – Commercial real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. We make commercial mortgage loans collateralized by owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied real estate, as well as multi-family residential loans. The primary risks of commercial real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateralized real estate and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Consumer and other loans – The community bank originates a limited number of consumer loans, generally for banking customers only, which consist primarily of lines of credit, saving account secured loans, and auto loans. CCBX originates consumer loans including credit cards, consumer term loans and secured and unsecured lines of credit. This loan category also includes overdrafts. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrower’s ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. As of September 30, 2022, $521.3 million in CCBX loans are included in consumer and other loans compared to $106.8 million at December 31, 2021. The following table illustrates an age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated: 30-89 90 Days Total Current Total Recorded (dollars in thousands; unaudited) September 30, 2022 Commercial and industrial loans $ 588 $ 224 $ 812 $ 339,116 $ 339,928 $ 138 Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development — 66 66 224,122 224,188 — Residential real estate 707 638 1,345 401,436 402,781 638 Commercial real estate 6,901 — 6,901 1,017,166 1,024,067 — Consumer and other loans 27,867 15,045 42,912 480,624 523,536 15,045 $ 36,063 $ 15,973 $ 52,036 $ 2,462,464 $ 2,514,500 $ 15,821 Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (6,611) Loans receivable $ 2,507,889 30-89 90 Days Total Current Total Recorded (dollars in thousands; unaudited) December 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 259 $ 38 $ 297 $ 418,763 $ 419,060 $ — Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development — — — 183,594 183,594 — Residential real estate 809 94 903 203,486 204,389 39 Commercial real estate — — — 835,587 835,587 — Consumer and other loans 3,901 1,467 5,368 103,503 108,871 1,467 $ 4,969 $ 1,599 $ 6,568 $ 1,744,933 $ 1,751,501 $ 1,506 Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (8,766) Loans receivable $ 1,742,735 There were $15.8 million in loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest as of September 30, 2022, and $1.5 million as of December 31, 2021. The increase is attributed to installment/closed-end, and revolving/open-end consumer loans originated by CCBX lending partners which continue to accrue interest until 120 and 180 days past due, respectively. The following table is a summary of information pertaining to impaired loans as of the period indicated. Loans originated by CCBX partners are reported using pool accounting and are not subject to impairment analysis, therefore CCBX loans are not included in this table. Unpaid Recorded Recorded Total Related (dollars in thousands; unaudited) September 30, 2022 Commercial and industrial loans $ 106 $ 8 $ 86 $ 94 $ 76 Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 67 66 — 66 — Residential real estate — — — — — Commercial real estate 6,901 6,901 — 6,901 — Total $ 7,074 $ 6,975 $ 86 $ 7,061 $ 76 December 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 173 $ — $ 166 $ 166 $ 132 Real estate loans: Residential real estate 69 55 — 55 — Total $ 242 $ 55 $ 166 $ 221 $ 132 The following tables summarize the Company’s average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021: Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Average Interest Income Average Interest Income (dollars in thousands; unaudited) Commercial and industrial loans $ 103 $ — $ 489 $ — Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 67 — — — Residential real estate 26 — 111 — Commercial real estate 38 — — — Total $ 234 $ — $ 600 $ — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Average Interest Income Average Interest Income (dollars in thousands; unaudited) Commercial and industrial loans $ 125 $ — $ 498 $ — Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 33 — — — Residential real estate 41 — 143 — Commercial real estate 19 — — — Total $ 218 $ — $ 641 $ — The Company grants restructurings in response to borrower financial difficulty, and generally provides for a temporary modification of loan repayment terms. The restructured loans on accrual status represent the only impaired loans accruing interest. In order for a restructured loan to be considered for accrual status, the loan’s collateral coverage generally will be greater than or equal to 100% of the loan balance, the loan is current on payments, and the borrower must either prefund an interest reserve or demonstrate the ability to make payments from a verified source of cash flow for an extended period of time, usually at least six months in duration. No loans were restructured in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 that qualified as TDRs. The Company has no commitments to loan additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as TDRs at September 30, 2022, as there were no outstanding TDRs at September 30, 2022. Generally, the accrual of interest on community bank loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due or when they are 90 days past due as to either principal or interest, unless they are well secured and in the process of collection. Installment/closed-end, and revolving/open-end consumer loans originated by CCBX lending partners will continue to accrue interest until 120 and 180 days past due, respectively and an allowance is recorded through provision expense for these probable incurred losses. Any principal and interest outstanding on revolving/open-end loans at greater than 180 days past due is charged off against the allowance. Any accrued interest outstanding on installment/closed-end loans at 120 days past due is reversed against interest income. These consumer loans are reported as substandard, 90 days or more days past due and still accruing. When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, all accrued interest is reversed from current period earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is removed, the Company will recognize interest on a cash basis only. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual. An analysis of nonaccrual loans by category consisted of the following at the periods indicated: September 30, December 31, 2022 2021 (dollars in thousands; unaudited) Commercial and industrial loans $ 94 $ 166 Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 66 — Residential real estate — 55 Commercial real estate 6,901 — Total nonaccrual loans $ 7,061 $ 221 Credit Quality and Credit Risk Federal regulations require that the Company periodically evaluate the risks inherent in its loan portfolio. In addition, the Company’s regulatory agencies have authority to identify problem loans and, if appropriate, require them to be reclassified. The Company classifies some loans as Watch or Other Loans Especially Mentioned (“OLEM”). Loans classified as Watch are performing assets but have elements of risk that require more monitoring than other performing loans and are reported in the OLEM column in the following table. Loans classified as OLEM are assets that continue to perform but have shown deterioration in credit quality and require close monitoring. There are three classifications for problem loans: Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Substandard loans have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Revolving (open-ended loans, such as credit cards) and installment (closed end) consumer loans originated by CCBX partners continue to accrue interest until they are charged-off at 120 days past due for installment loans (primarily unsecured loans to consumers) and 180 days past due for revolving loans (primarily credit cards) and are classified as substandard. Doubtful loans have the weaknesses of loans classified as Substandard, with additional characteristics that suggest the weaknesses make collection or recovery in full after liquidation of collateral questionable on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. There is a high possibility of loss in loans classified as Doubtful. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continued classification of the credit as a loan is not warranted. If a loan or a portion thereof is classified as Loss, it must be charged-off, meaning the amount of the loss is charged against the allowance for loan losses, thereby reducing that reserve. Loans by credit quality risk rating are as follows as of the periods indicated: Pass Other Loans Sub- Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands; unaudited) September 30, 2022 Commercial and industrial loans $ 331,384 $ 8,255 $ 289 $ — $ 339,928 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 224,122 — 66 — 224,188 Residential real estate 402,041 102 638 — 402,781 Commercial real estate 1,009,487 7,680 6,900 — 1,024,067 Consumer and other loans 508,492 — 15,044 — 523,536 $ 2,475,526 $ 16,037 $ 22,937 $ — 2,514,500 Less net deferred origination fees (6,611) Loans receivable $ 2,507,889 December 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 416,642 $ 2,180 $ 238 $ — $ 419,060 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 183,594 — — — 183,594 Residential real estate 204,173 122 94 — 204,389 Commercial real estate 824,676 10,911 — — 835,587 Consumer and other loans 107,404 — 1,467 — 108,871 $ 1,736,489 $ 13,213 $ 1,799 $ — 1,751,501 Less net deferred origination fees (8,766) Loans receivable $ 1,742,735 Allowance for Loan Losses The Company’s ALLL covers estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans that are determined to be impaired as well as estimated probable losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio. The ALLL for the community bank is prepared using the information provided by the Company’s credit review process and our historical loss data, together with data from peer institutions and economic information gathered from published sources. The loan portfolio is segmented into groups of loans with similar risk profiles. Each segment possesses varying degrees of risk based on the type of loan, the type of collateral, and the sensitivity of the borrower or industry to changes in external factors such as economic conditions. An estimated loss rate calculated from the community bank’s actual historical loss rates adjusted for current portfolio trends, economic conditions, and other relevant internal and external factors, is applied to each group’s aggregate loan balances. The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL, as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021: Commercial Construction, Residential Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands; unaudited) Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 ALLL balance, June 30, 2022 $ 4,066 $ 7,999 $ 7,171 $ 4,740 $ 23,810 $ 1,572 $ 49,358 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 298 (145) 2,260 (215) 16,402 (172) 18,428 4,364 7,854 9,431 4,525 40,212 1,400 67,786 Loans charged-off (360) — (105) — (8,048) — (8,513) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 2 — — — 7 — 9 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (358) — (105) — (8,041) — (8,504) ALLL balance, September 30, 2022 $ 4,006 $ 7,854 $ 9,326 $ 4,525 $ 32,171 $ 1,400 $ 59,282 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 ALLL balance, December 31, 2021 $ 3,221 $ 6,984 $ 4,598 $ 6,590 $ 7,092 $ 147 $ 28,632 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 1,144 870 4,833 (2,065) 39,429 1,253 45,464 4,365 7,854 9,431 4,525 46,521 1,400 74,096 Loans charged-off (398) — (105) — (14,360) — (14,863) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 39 — — — 10 — 49 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (359) — (105) — (14,350) — (14,814) ALLL balance, September 30, 2022 $ 4,006 $ 7,854 $ 9,326 $ 4,525 $ 32,171 $ 1,400 $ 59,282 As of September 30, 2022 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ 76 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 76 Collectively evaluated for impairment 3,930 7,854 9,326 4,525 32,171 1,400 59,206 ALLL balance, September 30, 2022 $ 4,006 $ 7,854 $ 9,326 $ 4,525 $ 32,171 $ 1,400 $ 59,282 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 94 $ 66 $ — $ 6,901 $ — $ 7,061 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 339,834 224,122 402,781 1,017,166 523,536 2,507,439 Loan balance, September 30, 2022 $ 339,928 $ 224,188 $ 402,781 $ 1,024,067 $ 523,536 $ 2,514,500 Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 ALLL balance, June 30, 2021 $ 3,317 $ 4,520 $ 3,302 $ 8,057 $ 84 $ 686 $ 19,966 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 8 1,410 (49) (1,420) 11 295 255 3,325 5,930 3,253 6,637 95 981 20,221 Loans charged-off — — — — (31) — (31) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 16 — — — 16 — 32 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 16 — — — (15) — 1 Balance, September 30, 2021 $ 3,341 $ 5,930 $ 3,253 $ 6,637 $ 80 $ 981 $ 20,222 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Balance, December 31, 2020 $ 3,353 $ 3,545 $ 3,410 $ 7,810 $ 127 $ 1,017 $ 19,262 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) (17) 2,385 (157) (1,173) (29) (36) 973 3,336 5,930 3,253 6,637 98 981 20,235 Loans charged-off (16) — — — (45) — (61) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 21 — — — 27 — 48 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 5 — — — (18) — (13) Balance, September 30, 2021 $ 3,341 $ 5,930 $ 3,253 $ 6,637 $ 80 $ 981 $ 20,222 The following table summarizes the allocation of the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2021. Commercial Construction, Residential Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands; unaudited) As of December 31, 2021 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ 132 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 132 Collectively evaluated for impairment 3,089 6,984 4,598 6,590 7,092 147 28,500 ALLL balance, December 31, 2021 $ 3,221 $ 6,984 $ 4,598 $ 6,590 $ 7,092 $ 147 $ 28,632 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 166 $ — $ 55 $ — $ — $ 221 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 418,894 183,594 204,334 835,587 108,871 1,751,280 Loan balance, December 31, 2021 $ 419,060 $ 183,594 $ 204,389 $ 835,587 $ 108,871 $ 1,751,501 |