Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The composition of the loan portfolio is as follows as of the periods indicated: March 31, December 31, 2020 2019 (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 122,667 $ 111,401 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 119,668 97,034 Residential real estate 117,821 115,011 Commercial real estate 643,488 613,398 Consumer and other loans 3,695 4,214 Gross loans receivable 1,007,339 941,058 Net deferred origination fees and premiums (2,159 ) (1,955 ) Loans receivable $ 1,005,180 $ 939,103 Included in consumer and other loans are overdrafts of $19,000 and $26,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company has pledged loans totaling $168,864,000 and $163,522,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, for borrowing lines at the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”). The balance of SBA and United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) loans was $34,434,000 and $36,592,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Included in these totals is SBA and USDA loans serviced for others totaling $20,928,000 and $21,498,000 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company, at times, purchases individual loans at fair value as of the acquisition date. Purchased loans with remaining balances totaled $30,418,000 and $32,937,000 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Unamortized premiums totaled $484,000 and $527,000 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and are amortized into interest income over the life of the loans. The Company has purchased participation loans with remaining balances totaling $32,876,000 and $31,352,000 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The following is a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio segments: Commercial and industrial loans - Commercial and industrial loans are secured by business assets including inventory, receivables and machinery and equipment of businesses located generally in our primary market area. Loan types include revolving lines of credit, term loans, and loans secured by liquid collateral such as cash deposits or marketable securities. The Company also issues letters of credit on behalf of its customers. Risk arises primarily due to the difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. In addition, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrower’s ability to collect amounts due from its customers. Construction, land and land development loans – The Company originates loans for the construction of 1-4 family, multifamily, and Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) properties in our market area. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, government regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans, as adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market, which could affect the borrower’s ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company occasionally originates land loans for the purpose of facilitating the ultimate construction of a home or commercial building. The primary risks include the borrower’s ability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a material decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. Residential real estate loans - Residential real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Included in this segment are first lien single family loans, which are occasionally purchased to diversify the Company’s loan portfolio, and rental portfolios secured by one-to-four family homes. The primary risks of residential real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateral, and significant increases in interest rates which may make the loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate (includes owner occupied and nonowner occupied) loans - Commercial real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. The primary risks of commercial real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateralized real estate and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Consumer and other loans – The Company originates a limited number of consumer loans, generally for banking customers only, which consist primarily of home equity lines of credit, saving account secured loans, and auto loans. This loan category also includes overdrafts. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrower’s ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. The following table illustrates an age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated: 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 4 $ 699 $ 703 $ 121,964 $ 122,667 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - - - 119,668 119,668 - Residential real estate - 64 64 117,757 117,821 - Commercial real estate 414 - 414 643,074 643,488 - Consumer and other loans - - - 3,695 3,695 - $ 418 $ 763 $ 1,181 $ 1,006,158 $ 1,007,339 $ - Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (2,159 ) Loans receivable $ 1,005,180 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 143 $ 965 $ 1,108 $ 110,293 $ 111,401 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - - - 97,034 97,034 - Residential real estate - 65 65 114,946 115,011 - Commercial real estate 417 - 417 612,981 613,398 - Consumer and other loans 4 - 4 4,210 4,214 - $ 564 $ 1,030 $ 1,594 $ 939,464 941,058 $ - Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (1,955 ) Loans receivable $ 939,103 A summary of information pertaining to impaired loans as of the period indicated: Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 1,099 $ 699 $ - $ 699 $ - Real estate loans: Residential real estate 72 64 - 64 - Total $ 1,171 $ 763 $ - $ 763 $ - December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 1,431 $ 965 $ - $ 965 $ - Real estate loans: Residential real estate 73 65 - 65 - Consumer 2 - 2 2 2 Total $ 1,506 $ 1,030 $ 2 $ 1,032 $ 2 The following tables summarize our average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by loan class for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Commercial and industrial loans $ 840 $ - $ 588 $ - Real estate loans: Residential real estate 64 - 73 - Commercial real estate - - 658 - Consumer loans 1 - - - Total $ 905 $ - $ 1,319 $ - The Company grants restructurings in response to borrower financial difficulty, and generally provides for a temporary modification of loan repayment terms. The restructured loans on accrual status represent the only impaired loans accruing interest. In order for a restructured loan to be considered for accrual status, the loan’s collateral coverage generally will be greater than or equal to 100% of the loan balance, the loan is current on payments, and the borrower must either prefund an interest reserve or demonstrate the ability to make payments from a verified source of cash flow for an extended period of time, usually at least six months in duration. No loans were restructured in the three months ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019 that qualified as TDRs. The Company has no commitments to loan additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as troubled debt restructurings at March 31, 2020, as there were no outstanding troubled debt restructurings at March 31, 2020. The Company is in contact with borrowers with existing loans that have been impacted by COVID-19. The Company is working on restructuring payments for loan customers during this uncertain time to help alleviate financial hardships, deferring payments on 52 loans, representing $37,862,000, as of March 31, 2020. In accordance with GAAP and interagency guidance issued on March 22, 2020, these short-term modifications, made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers that were current prior to any relief, are not considered troubled debt restructurings. When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, all accrued interest is reversed from current period earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is removed, the Company will recognize interest on a cash basis only. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual. An analysis of nonaccrual loans by category consisted of the following at the periods indicated: March 31, December 31, 2020 2019 (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 699 $ 965 Real estate loans: Residential real estate 64 65 Total nonaccrual loans $ 763 $ 1,030 Credit Quality and Credit Risk Federal regulations require that the Company periodically evaluate the risks inherent in its loan portfolio. In addition, the Company’s regulatory agencies have authority to identify problem loans and, if appropriate, require them to be reclassified. There are three classifications for problem loans: Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Substandard loans have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans have the weaknesses of loans classified as Substandard, with additional characteristics that suggest the weaknesses make collection or recovery in full after liquidation of collateral questionable on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. There is a high possibility of loss in loans classified as Doubtful. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continued classification of the credit as a loan is not warranted. If a loan or a portion thereof is classified as Loss, it must be charged-off, meaning the amount of the loss is charged against the allowance for loan losses, thereby reducing that reserve. The Company also classifies some loans as Watch or Other Loans Especially Mentioned (“OLEM”). Loans classified as Watch are performing assets and classified as pass credits but have elements of risk that require more monitoring than other performing loans and are reported in the OLEM column in the following table. Loans classified as OLEM are assets that continue to perform but have shown deterioration in credit quality and require close monitoring. Loans by credit quality risk rating are as follows as of the periods indicated: Pass Other Loans Especially Mentioned Sub- Standard Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 115,982 $ 1,182 $ 5,503 $ - $ 122,667 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 119,668 - - - 119,668 Residential real estate 117,284 473 64 - 117,821 Commercial real estate 637,297 6,191 - - 643,488 Consumer and other loans 3,695 - - - 3,695 $ 993,926 $ 7,846 $ 5,567 $ - 1,007,339 Less net deferred origination fees (2,159 ) Loans receivable $ 1,005,180 December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 104,911 $ 4,740 $ 1,750 $ - $ 111,401 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 97,034 - - - 97,034 Residential real estate 114,823 123 65 - 115,011 Commercial real estate 608,773 4,625 - - 613,398 Consumer and other loans 4,212 - 2 4,214 $ 929,753 $ 9,488 $ 1,817 $ - 941,058 Less net deferred origination fees (1,955 ) Loans receivable $ 939,103 Allowance for Loan Losses The Company’s allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) covers estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans that are determined to be impaired as well as estimated probable losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio. The ALLL is prepared using the information provided by the Company’s credit review process together with economic information gathered from published sources. Qualitative factors that are included in the analysis include industry data and data from peer institutions. The loan portfolio is segmented into groups of loans with similar risk profiles. Each segment possesses varying degrees of risk based on the type of loan, the type of collateral, and the sensitivity of the borrower or industry to changes in external factors such as economic conditions. An estimated loss rate calculated the Company’s actual historical loss rates adjusted for current portfolio trends, economic conditions, and other relevant internal and external factors, is applied to each group’s aggregate loan balances. The Company’s provision for credit losses of $1.6 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 is related to the growth in the loan portfolio along with an increase in qualitative factors primarily related to the uncertainties in the economic outlook from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company is not required to implement the provisions of the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”) accounting standard until January 1, 2023 and is continuing to account for the allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss model. The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL, as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020: Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 ALLL balance, December 31, 2019 $ 2,366 $ 2,745 $ 2,069 $ 3,126 $ 104 $ 1,060 $ 11,470 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 589 902 163 763 (3 ) (836 ) 1,578 2,955 3,647 2,232 3,889 101 224 13,048 Loans charged-off (119 ) - - - (5 ) - (124 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 1 - - - - - 1 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (118 ) - - - (5 ) - (123 ) ALLL balance, March 31, 2020 $ 2,837 $ 3,647 $ 2,232 $ 3,889 $ 96 $ 224 $ 12,925 As of March 31, 2020 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,837 3,647 2,232 3,889 96 224 12,925 ALLL balance, March 31, 2020 $ 2,837 $ 3,647 $ 2,232 $ 3,889 $ 96 $ 224 $ 12,925 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 699 $ - $ 64 $ - $ - $ 763 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 121,968 119,668 117,757 643,488 3,695 1,006,576 Loan balance, March 31, 2020 $ 122,667 $ 119,668 $ 117,821 $ 643,488 $ 3,695 $ 1,007,339 The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL, as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2019: Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 ALLL balance, December 31, 2019 $ 2,039 $ 1,806 $ 1,647 $ 2,648 $ 77 $ 1,190 $ 9,407 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 29 46 (24 ) 131 6 352 540 2,068 1,852 1,623 2,779 83 1,542 9,947 Loans charged-off - - - (29 ) (5 ) - (34 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 1 - - - 1 - 2 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 1 - - (29 ) (4 ) - (32 ) ALLL balance, March 31, 2019 $ 2,069 $ 1,852 $ 1,623 $ 2,750 $ 79 $ 1,542 $ 9,915 As of March 31, 2019 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,069 1,852 1,623 2,750 79 1,542 9,915 ALLL balance, March 31, 2019 $ 2,069 $ 1,852 $ 1,623 $ 2,750 $ 79 $ 1,542 $ 9,915 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 493 $ - $ 71 $ - $ - $ 564 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 91,755 65,686 94,672 535,896 3,583 791,592 Loan balance, March 31, 2019 $ 92,248 $ 65,686 $ 94,743 $ 535,896 $ 3,583 $ 792,156 The following table summarizes the allocation of the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019. Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) As of December 31, 2019 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2 $ - $ 2 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,366 2,745 2,069 3,126 102 1,060 11,468 ALLL balance, December 31, 2019 $ 2,366 $ 2,745 $ 2,069 $ 3,126 $ 104 $ 1,060 $ 11,470 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 965 $ - $ 65 $ - $ 2 $ 1,032 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 110,436 97,034 114,946 613,398 4,212 940,026 Loan balance, December 31, 2019 $ 111,401 $ 97,034 $ 115,011 $ 613,398 $ 4,214 $ 941,058 |