Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The composition of the loan portfolio is as follows as of the periods indicated: September 30, December 31, 2020 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 589,204 $ 111,401 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 100,955 97,034 Residential real estate 121,147 115,011 Commercial real estate 705,186 613,398 Consumer and other loans 3,927 4,214 Gross loans receivable 1,520,419 941,058 Net deferred origination fees and premiums (11,030 ) (1,955 ) Loans receivable $ 1,509,389 $ 939,103 Included in consumer and other loans are overdrafts of $11,000 and $26,000 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company has pledged loans totaling $378,645,000 and $163,522,000 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, for borrowing lines at the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”). The balance of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) loans was $487,536,000 and $36,592,000 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Paycheck Protection Plan (“PPP”) loans totaling $452,846,000 at September 30, 2020 are included in the commercial and industrial loans balance. Net deferred origination fees and premiums include $8,586,000 of net fees from PPP loans as of September 30, 2020. Included in these totals are SBA and USDA loans serviced for others amounting to $20,700,000 and $21,498,000 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively . The Company, at times, purchases individual loans at fair value as of the acquisition date. Purchased loans with remaining balances totaled $20,920,000 and $32,937,000 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Unamortized premiums totaled $324,000 and $527,000 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and are amortized into interest income over the life of the loans. The Company has purchased participation loans with remaining balances totaling $41,465,000 and $31,352,000 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The following is a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio segments: Commercial and industrial loans - Commercial and industrial loans are secured by business assets including inventory, receivables and machinery and equipment of businesses located generally in the Company’s primary market area. Loan types include revolving lines of credit, term loans, and loans secured by liquid collateral such as cash deposits or marketable securities. The Company also issues letters of credit on behalf of its customers. Risk arises primarily due to the difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. In addition, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrower’s ability to collect amounts due from its customers. Also included in this category are SBA 7(a) loans, which allow small business owners to apply for financial assistance via the PPP as prescribed in the CARES Act. These loans have a contractual rate of 1.0%, with maturity terms of two to five years, are unsecured, 100% guaranteed and loan proceeds may be forgiven by the U.S. Government / SBA if used for certain purposes. To bolster the effectiveness of the SBA’s PPP loan program, the Federal Reserve is supplying liquidity to participating financial institutions through term financing backed by PPP loans to small businesses. The Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility extends credit to eligible financial institutions that originate PPP loans, taking the loans as collateral at face value. The interest rate is 0.35% and as PPP loans are paid down, the borrowing line must also be paid down. Construction, land and land development loans – The Company originates loans for the construction of 1-4 family, multifamily, and Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) properties in the Company’s market area. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, government regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans, as adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market, which could affect the borrower’s ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company occasionally originates land loans for the purpose of facilitating the ultimate construction of a home or commercial building. The primary risks include the borrower’s ability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a material decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. Residential real estate loans - Residential real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Included in this segment are first lien single family loans, which are occasionally purchased to diversify the Company’s loan portfolio, and rental portfolios secured by one-to-four family homes. The primary risks of residential real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateral, and significant increases in interest rates which may make the loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate (includes owner occupied and nonowner occupied) loans - Commercial real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. The primary risks of commercial real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateralized real estate and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Consumer and other loans – The Company originates a limited number of consumer loans, generally for banking customers only, which consist primarily of home equity lines of credit, saving account secured loans, and auto loans. This loan category also includes overdrafts. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrower’s ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. The following table illustrates an age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated: 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ - $ 625 $ 625 $ 588,579 $ 589,204 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - 3,269 3,269 97,686 100,955 - Residential real estate - 61 61 121,086 121,147 - Commercial real estate - 405 405 704,781 705,186 - Consumer and other loans - - - 3,927 3,927 - $ - $ 4,360 $ 4,360 $ 1,516,059 $ 1,520,419 $ - Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (11,030 ) Loans receivable $ 1,509,389 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 143 $ 965 $ 1,108 $ 110,293 $ 111,401 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - - - 97,034 97,034 - Residential real estate - 65 65 114,946 115,011 - Commercial real estate 417 - 417 612,981 613,398 - Consumer and other loans 4 - 4 4,210 4,214 - $ 564 $ 1,030 $ 1,594 $ 939,464 941,058 $ - Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (1,955 ) Loans receivable $ 939,103 A summary of information pertaining to impaired loans as of the period indicated: Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 922 $ 625 $ - $ 625 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 3,269 3,269 - 3,269 - Residential real estate 190 178 - 178 - Commercial real estate 413 405 - 405 - Total $ 4,794 $ 4,477 $ - $ 4,477 $ - December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 1,431 $ 965 $ - $ 965 $ - Real estate loans: Residential real estate 73 65 - 65 - Consumer 2 - 2 2 2 Total $ 1,506 $ 1,030 $ 2 $ 1,032 $ 2 The following tables summarize the Company’s average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019: Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 September 30, 2019 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 657 $ - $ 1,406 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 3,270 - - - Residential real estate 151 - 68 - Commercial real estate 409 - - - Total $ 4,487 $ - $ 1,474 $ - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 September 30, 2019 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 748 $ - $ 933 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 1,666 - - - Residential real estate 153 - 71 - Commercial real estate 204 - 315 - Total $ 2,771 $ - $ 1,319 $ - The Company grants restructurings in response to borrower financial difficulty, and generally provides for a temporary modification of loan repayment terms. The restructured loans on accrual status represent the only impaired loans accruing interest. In order for a restructured loan to be considered for accrual status, the loan’s collateral coverage generally will be greater than or equal to 100% of the loan balance, the loan is current on payments, and the borrower must either prefund an interest reserve or demonstrate the ability to make payments from a verified source of cash flow for an extended period of time, usually at least six months in duration. No loans were restructured in the three or nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 that qualified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). The Company has no commitments to loan additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as TDRs at September 30, 2020, as there were no outstanding TDRs at September 30, 2020. The Company is in contact with borrowers with existing loans that have been impacted by COVID-19. The Company has modified payments for loan customers during this uncertain time to help alleviate financial hardships. There are 44 loans, representing $52.5 million in outstanding loans, and $1.4 million in unused commitments, that remain on deferred or modified payment status as of September 30, 2020. In accordance with GAAP and interagency guidance issued on March 22, 2020, these short-term modifications, six months or less, made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers that were current prior to any relief, are not considered troubled debt restructurings. When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, all accrued interest is reversed from current period earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is removed, the Company will recognize interest on a cash basis only. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual. An analysis of nonaccrual loans by category consisted of the following at the periods indicated: September 30, December 31, 2020 2019 (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 625 $ 965 Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 3,269 - Residential real estate 178 65 Commercial real estate 405 - Total nonaccrual loans $ 4,477 $ 1,030 Credit Quality and Credit Risk Federal regulations require that the Company periodically evaluate the risks inherent in its loan portfolio. In addition, the Company’s regulatory agencies have authority to identify problem loans and, if appropriate, require them to be reclassified. There are three classifications for problem loans: Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Substandard loans have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans have the weaknesses of loans classified as Substandard, with additional characteristics that suggest the weaknesses make collection or recovery in full after liquidation of collateral questionable on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. There is a high possibility of loss in loans classified as Doubtful. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continued classification of the credit as a loan is not warranted. If a loan or a portion thereof is classified as Loss, it must be charged-off, meaning the amount of the loss is charged against the allowance for loan losses, thereby reducing that reserve. The Company also classifies some loans as Watch or Other Loans Especially Mentioned (“OLEM”). Loans classified as Watch are performing assets and classified as pass credits but have elements of risk that require more monitoring than other performing loans and are reported in the OLEM column in the following table. Loans classified as OLEM are assets that continue to perform but have shown deterioration in credit quality and require close monitoring. Loans by credit quality risk rating are as follows as of the periods indicated: Pass Other Loans Especially Mentioned Sub- Standard Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 578,128 $ 9,594 $ 1,482 $ - $ 589,204 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 97,686 - 3,269 - 100,955 Residential real estate 120,559 410 178 - 121,147 Commercial real estate 688,621 16,160 405 - 705,186 Consumer and other loans 3,927 - - - 3,927 $ 1,488,921 $ 26,164 $ 5,334 $ - 1,520,419 Less net deferred origination fees (11,030 ) Loans receivable $ 1,509,389 December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial loans $ 104,911 $ 4,740 $ 1,750 $ - $ 111,401 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 97,034 - - - 97,034 Residential real estate 114,823 123 65 - 115,011 Commercial real estate 608,773 4,625 - - 613,398 Consumer and other loans 4,212 - 2 4,214 $ 929,753 $ 9,488 $ 1,817 $ - 941,058 Less net deferred origination fees (1,955 ) Loans receivable $ 939,103 Allowance for Loan Losses The Company’s allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) covers estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans that are determined to be impaired as well as estimated probable losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio. The ALLL is prepared using the information provided by the Company’s credit review process together with economic information gathered from published sources. Qualitative factors that are included in the analysis include industry data and data from peer institutions. The loan portfolio is segmented into groups of loans with similar risk profiles. Each segment possesses varying degrees of risk based on the type of loan, the type of collateral, and the sensitivity of the borrower or industry to changes in external factors such as economic conditions. An estimated loss rate calculated from the Company’s actual historical loss rates adjusted for current portfolio trends, economic conditions, and other relevant internal and external factors, is applied to each group’s aggregate loan balances. The $452.8 million in PPP loans as of September 30, 2020 are 100% guaranteed and were not subject to the allowance analysis or assigned an allowance. The Company’s provision for credit losses of $2.2 million and $5.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, is related to an increase in qualitative factors primarily related to the uncertainties in the economic outlook from the COVID-19 pandemic and growth in the loan portfolio. The Company is not required to implement the provisions of the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”) accounting standard until January 1, 2023 and is continuing to account for the allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss model. The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL, as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020: Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 ALLL balance, June 30, 2020 $ 2,853 $ 3,378 $ 2,669 $ 5,235 $ 140 $ 572 $ 14,847 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 27 234 222 1,929 (9 ) (203 ) 2,200 2,880 3,612 2,891 7,164 131 369 17,047 Loans charged-off - - - - (2 ) - (2 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off - - - - 1 - 1 Net (charge-offs) recoveries - - - - (1 ) - (1 ) ALLL balance, September 30, 2020 $ 2,880 $ 3,612 $ 2,891 $ 7,164 $ 130 $ 369 $ 17,046 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 ALLL balance, December 31, 2019 $ 2,366 $ 2,745 $ 2,069 $ 3,126 $ 104 $ 1,060 $ 11,470 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 639 867 822 4,038 33 (691 ) 5,708 3,005 3,612 2,891 7,164 137 369 17,178 Loans charged-off (130 ) - - - (9 ) - (139 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 5 - - - 2 - 7 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (125 ) - - - (7 ) - (132 ) ALLL balance, September 30, 2020 $ 2,880 $ 3,612 $ 2,891 $ 7,164 $ 130 $ 369 $ 17,046 As of September 30, 2020 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,880 3,612 2,891 7,164 130 369 17,046 ALLL balance September 30, 2020 $ 2,880 $ 3,612 $ 2,891 $ 7,164 $ 130 $ 369 $ 17,046 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 625 $ 3,269 $ 178 $ 405 $ - $ 4,477 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 588,579 97,686 120,969 704,781 3,927 1,515,942 Loan balance, September 30, 2020 $ 589,204 $ 100,955 $ 121,147 $ 705,186 $ 3,927 $ 1,520,419 The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL , as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30 , 2019 : Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) Three months ended September 30, 2019 Balance, June 30, 2019 $ 2,482 $ 2,386 $ 1,814 $ 2,845 $ 67 $ 849 $ 10,443 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 195 136 140 107 22 37 637 2,677 2,522 1,954 2,952 89 886 11,080 Loans charged-off (118 ) (75 ) - - (3 ) - (196 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 2 - - - 2 - 4 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (116 ) (75 ) - - (1 ) - (192 ) Balance, September 30, 2019 $ 2,561 $ 2,447 $ 1,954 $ 2,952 $ 88 $ 886 $ 10,888 Nine months ended September 30, 2019 Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 2,039 $ 1,806 $ 1,647 $ 2,648 $ 77 $ 1,190 $ 9,407 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 643 716 307 333 29 (304 ) 1,724 2,682 2,522 1,954 2,981 106 886 11,131 Loans charged-off (125 ) (75 ) - (29 ) (23 ) - (252 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 4 - - - 5 - 9 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (121 ) (75 ) - (29 ) (18 ) - (243 ) Balance, September 30, 2019 $ 2,561 $ 2,447 $ 1,954 $ 2,952 $ 88 $ 886 $ 10,888 As of September 30, 2019 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ 230 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 230 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,331 2,447 1,954 2,952 88 886 10,658 ALLL balance, September 30, 2019 $ 2,561 $ 2,447 $ 1,954 $ 2,952 $ 88 $ 886 $ 10,888 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,233 $ - $ 67 $ - $ - $ 1,300 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 104,401 86,919 100,751 578,607 3,720 874,398 Loan balance, September 30, 2019 $ 105,634 $ 86,919 $ 100,818 $ 578,607 $ 3,720 $ 875,698 The following table summarizes the allocation of the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019. Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) As of December 31, 2019 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2 $ - $ 2 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,366 2,745 2,069 3,126 102 1,060 11,468 ALLL balance, December 31, 2019 $ 2,366 $ 2,745 $ 2,069 $ 3,126 $ 104 $ 1,060 $ 11,470 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 965 $ - $ 65 $ - $ 2 $ 1,032 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 110,436 97,034 114,946 613,398 4,212 940,026 Loan balance, December 31, 2019 $ 111,401 $ 97,034 $ 115,011 $ 613,398 $ 4,214 $ 941,058 |