Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The composition of the loan portfolio is as follows as of the periods indicated: September December 31, 2021 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 536,855 $ 539,200 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 158,710 94,423 Residential real estate 170,167 143,869 Commercial real estate 837,342 774,925 Consumer and other loans 17,140 3,916 Gross loans receivable 1,720,214 1,556,333 Net deferred origination fees and premiums (14,532 ) (9,195 ) Loans receivable $ 1,705,682 $ 1,547,138 Included in commercial and industrial loans are Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans of $267.3 million at September 30, 2021 and $365.8 million at December 31, 2020. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). PPP loans had net deferred origination fees and premiums of $9.4 million as of September 30, 2021, largely contributing to the increase in net deferred origination fees and premiums, compared to December 31, 2020. Also included in commercial and industrial loans as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, is $161.5 million and $65.6 million, respectively in capital call lines, provided to venture capital firms through one of our BaaS clients. These loans are secured by the capital call rights and are individually underwritten to the Bank’s credit standards by our BaaS client and the underwriting is reviewed and approved by the Bank on every loan. Included in consumer and other loans are overdrafts of $ and $ 31,000 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company has pledged loans totaling $ 210.8 million and $ 326.8 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, for borrowing lines at the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank. Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (“PPPLF”) borrowings require that an equal amount of PPP loans be pledged for any outstanding balance. All PPPLF borrowings were paid in June 2021, and there were no outstanding PPPLF borrowings as of September 30, 2021, compared to a balance of $ 153.7 million at December 31, 2020 . As a result the amount of pledged loans as of September 30, 2021 decreased . The last day to take new advances on the PPPLF was July 31, 2021. The balance of SBA and United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) loans and participations sold and serviced for others totaled was $20.4 million and $20.6 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The balance of Main Street Lending Program (“MSLP”) loans participated and serviced totaled $56.3 million, with $3.0 million in MSLP loans on the balance sheet and included in commercial and industrial loans at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The MSLP ceased funding new loans on January 8, 2021. The Company, at times, purchases individual loans at fair value as of the acquisition date. Purchased loans with remaining balances totaled $14.8 million and $19.3 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Unamortized premiums totaled $242,000 and $306,000 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are amortized into interest income over the life of the loans. The Company has purchased participation loans with remaining balances totaling $35.9 million and $44.9 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following is a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio segments: Commercial and industrial loans – Commercial and industrial loans are secured by business assets including inventory, receivables and machinery and equipment of businesses located generally in the Company’s primary market area. Loan types include revolving lines of credit, term loans, and loans secured by liquid collateral such as cash deposits or marketable securities. The Company also issues letters of credit on behalf of its customers. Risk arises primarily due to the difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. In addition, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrower’s ability to collect amounts due from its customers. The Company also originates capital call lines, which are provided to venture capital firms through one of our BaaS clients. Also included in this category are SBA 7(a) loans, which includes PPP loans. PPP loans have a contractual rate of 1.0%, with maturity terms of two to five years, are unsecured, and 100% guaranteed by the SBA. PPP loans may be forgiven by the SBA if loan proceeds are used for certain purposes. To bolster the effectiveness of the SBA’s PPP loan program, the Federal Reserve PPPLF supplied liquidity to participating financial institutions through term financing backed by PPP loans to small businesses. The PPPLF, which expired on July 31, 2021, extended credit to eligible financial institutions that originate PPP loans, taking the loans as collateral at face value. The interest rate was 0.35% and as PPP loans were paid down, the PPPLF borrowing line also had to be paid down. Construction, land and land development loans – The Company originates loans for the construction of 1-4 family, multifamily, and Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”) properties in the Company’s market area. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, government regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans, as adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market, which could affect the borrower’s ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company occasionally originates land loans for the purpose of facilitating the ultimate construction of a home or commercial building. The primary risks include the borrower’s ability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a material decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. Residential real estate loans – Residential real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Included in this segment are first lien single family loans, which are occasionally purchased to diversify the Company’s loan portfolio, and rental portfolios secured by one-to-four family homes. The primary risks of residential real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateral, and significant increases in interest rates which may make the loan unprofitable. Multi-family loans are included in commercial real estate. Commercial real estate (includes owner occupied and nonowner occupied) loans – Commercial real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. We make commercial mortgage loans collateralized by owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied real estate, as well as multi-family residential loans. The primary risks of commercial real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateralized real estate and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Consumer and other loans – The Company originates a limited number of consumer loans, generally for banking customers only, which consist primarily of home equity lines of credit, saving account secured loans, and auto loans. This loan category also includes overdrafts. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrower’s ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. Also included in consumer and other loans is $14.7 million in consumer loans originated through CCBX or BaaS clients as of September 30, 2021, compared to $67,000 as of December 31, 2020. The increase is the result of growth in the CCBX or BaaS division. The following table illustrates an age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated: 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 307 $ 407 $ 714 $ 536,141 $ 536,855 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - - - 158,710 158,710 - Residential real estate 197 57 254 169,913 170,167 1 Commercial real estate - - - 837,342 837,342 - Consumer and other loans 416 122 538 16,602 17,140 122 $ 920 $ 586 $ 1,506 $ 1,718,708 $ 1,720,214 $ 123 Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (14,532 ) Loans receivable $ 1,705,682 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 133 $ 537 $ 670 $ 538,530 $ 539,200 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development 1 - 1 94,422 94,423 - Residential real estate 1,108 60 1,168 142,701 143,869 - Commercial real estate - - - 774,925 774,925 - Consumer and other loans - - - 3,916 3,916 - $ 1,242 $ 597 $ 1,839 $ 1,554,494 1,556,333 $ - Less net deferred origination fees and premiums (9,195 ) Loans receivable $ 1,547,138 A summary of information pertaining to impaired loans as of the period indicated: Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Allowance Recorded Investment With Allowance Total Recorded Investment Related Allowance (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 561 $ 355 $ 206 $ 561 $ 166 Real estate loans: Residential real estate 56 56 - 56 - Total $ 617 $ 411 $ 206 $ 617 $ 166 December 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 834 $ 537 $ - $ 537 $ - Real estate loans: Residential real estate 188 175 - 175 - Total $ 1,022 $ 712 $ - $ 712 $ - The following tables summarize the Company’s average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 489 $ - $ 657 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - - 3,270 - Residential real estate 111 - 151 - Commercial real estate - - 409 - Total $ 600 $ - $ 4,487 $ - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans $ 498 $ - $ 748 $ - Real estate loans: Construction, land and land development - - 1,666 - Residential real estate 143 - 153 - Commercial real estate - - 204 - Consumer and other loans Total $ 641 $ - $ 2,771 $ - The Company grants restructurings in response to borrower financial difficulty, and generally provides for a temporary modification of loan repayment terms. The restructured loans on accrual status represent the only impaired loans accruing interest. In order for a restructured loan to be considered for accrual status, the loan’s collateral coverage generally will be greater than or equal to 100% of the loan balance, the loan is current on payments, and the borrower must either prefund an interest reserve or demonstrate the ability to make payments from a verified source of cash flow for an extended period of time, usually at least six months in duration. No loans were restructured in the three or nine months ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 that qualified as TDRs. The Company has no commitments to loan additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as TDRs at September 30, 2021, as there were no outstanding TDRs at September 30, 2021. Pursuant to guidance from the federal bank regulatory agencies, the Company deferred or modified payments on existing loans to assist customers financially during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic shutdown. As of September 30, 2021 all deferred and modified loans during the COVID-19 pandemic have either returned to active status or paid off. In accordance with GAAP, the CARES Act, as amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and interagency guidance issued on March 22, 2020 and April 7, 2020, these short-term modifications, made on a good faith basis in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to borrowers that were current prior to any relief, were not considered TDRs. When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, all accrued interest is reversed from current period earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is removed, the Company will recognize interest on a cash basis only. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual. An analysis of nonaccrual loans by category consisted of the following at the periods indicated: September December 31, 2021 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 561 $ 537 Real estate loans: Residential real estate 56 175 Total nonaccrual loans $ 617 $ 712 Credit Quality and Credit Risk Federal regulations require that the Company periodically evaluate the risks inherent in its loan portfolio. In addition, the Company’s regulatory agencies have authority to identify problem loans and, if appropriate, require them to be reclassified. There are three classifications for problem loans: Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Substandard loans have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful loans have the weaknesses of loans classified as Substandard, with additional characteristics that suggest the weaknesses make collection or recovery in full after liquidation of collateral questionable on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. There is a high possibility of loss in loans classified as Doubtful. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continued classification of the credit as a loan is not warranted. If a loan or a portion thereof is classified as Loss, it must be charged-off, meaning the amount of the loss is charged against the allowance for loan losses, thereby reducing that reserve. The Company also classifies some loans as Watch or Other Loans Especially Mentioned (“OLEM”). Loans classified as Watch are performing assets and classified as pass credits but have elements of risk that require more monitoring than other performing loans and are reported in the OLEM column in the following table. Loans classified as OLEM are assets that continue to perform but have shown deterioration in credit quality and require close monitoring. Loans by credit quality risk rating are as follows as of the periods indicated: Pass Other Loans Especially Mentioned Sub- Standard Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 535,327 $ 891 $ 637 $ - $ 536,855 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 158,710 - - - 158,710 Residential real estate 169,982 129 56 - 170,167 Commercial real estate 833,305 4,037 - - 837,342 Consumer and other loans 17,017 - 123 - 17,140 $ 1,714,341 $ 5,057 $ 816 $ - 1,720,214 Less net deferred origination fees (14,532 ) Loans receivable $ 1,705,682 December 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial loans $ 538,149 $ 397 $ 654 $ - $ 539,200 Real estate loans: Construction, land, and land development 94,423 - - - 94,423 Residential real estate 143,540 154 175 - 143,869 Commercial real estate 763,647 11,278 - - 774,925 Consumer and other loans 3,916 - - - 3,916 $ 1,543,675 $ 11,829 $ 829 $ - 1,556,333 Less net deferred origination fees (9,195 ) Loans receivable $ 1,547,138 Allowance for Loan Losses The Company’s allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) covers estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans that are determined to be impaired as well as estimated probable losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio. The ALLL is prepared using the information provided by the Company’s credit review process together with economic information gathered from published sources. Qualitative factors that are included in the analysis include industry data and data from peer institutions. The loan portfolio is segmented into groups of loans with similar risk profiles. Each segment possesses varying degrees of risk based on the type of loan, the type of collateral, and the sensitivity of the borrower or industry to changes in external factors such as economic conditions. An estimated loss rate calculated from the Company’s actual historical loss rates adjusted for current portfolio trends, economic conditions, and other relevant internal and external factors, is applied to each group’s aggregate loan balances. The $267.3 million in PPP loans as of September 30, 2021 are 100% guaranteed by the SBA and were not subject to the allowance analysis or assigned an allowance. The Company’s provision for credit losses of $255,000 and $973,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, is primarily the result of growth in the loan portfolio. The $2.2 million and $5.7 million provision for credit losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, is related to the uncertainties in the economic outlook from the COVID-19 pandemic and growth in the loan portfolio. The Company is not required to implement the provisions of the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”) accounting standard until January 1, 2023 and is continuing to account for the allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss model. The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL, as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021: Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Balance, June 30, 2021 $ 3,317 $ 4,520 $ 3,302 $ 8,057 $ 84 $ 686 $ 19,966 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 8 1,410 (49 ) (1,420 ) 11 295 255 3,325 5,930 3,253 6,637 95 981 20,221 Loans charged-off - - - - (31 ) - (31 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 16 - - - 16 - 32 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 16 - - - (15 ) - 1 Balance, September 30, 2021 $ 3,341 $ 5,930 $ 3,253 $ 6,637 $ 80 $ 981 $ 20,222 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Balance, December 31, 2020 $ 3,353 $ 3,545 $ 3,410 $ 7,810 $ 127 $ 1,017 $ 19,262 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) (17 ) 2,385 (157 ) (1,173 ) (29 ) (36 ) 973 3,336 5,930 3,253 6,637 98 981 20,235 Loans charged-off (16 ) - - - (45 ) - (61 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 21 - - - 27 - 48 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 5 - - - (18 ) - (13 ) Balance, September 30, 2021 $ 3,341 $ 5,930 $ 3,253 $ 6,637 $ 80 $ 981 $ 20,222 As of September 30, 2021 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ 166 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 166 Collectively evaluated for impairment 3,175 5,930 3,253 6,637 80 981 20,056 ALLL balance, September 30, 2021 $ 3,341 $ 5,930 $ 3,253 $ 6,637 $ 80 $ 981 $ 20,222 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 561 $ - $ 56 $ - $ - $ 616 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 536,294 158,710 170,111 837,342 17,140 1,719,598 Loan balance, September 30, 2021 $ 536,855 $ 158,710 $ 170,167 $ 837,342 $ 17,140 $ 1,720,214 The following tables summarize the allocation of the ALLL, as well as the activity in the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020: Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 ALLL balance, June 30, 2020 $ 2,853 $ 3,378 $ 2,669 $ 5,235 $ 140 $ 572 $ 14,847 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 27 234 222 1,929 (9 ) (203 ) 2,200 2,880 3,612 2,891 7,164 131 369 17,047 Loans charged-off - - - - (2 ) - (2 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off - - - - 1 - 1 Net (charge-offs) recoveries - - - - (1 ) - (1 ) ALLL balance, September 30, 2020 $ 2,880 $ 3,612 $ 2,891 $ 7,164 $ 130 $ 369 $ 17,046 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 ALLL balance, December 31, 2019 $ 2,366 $ 2,745 $ 2,069 $ 3,126 $ 104 $ 1,060 $ 11,470 Provision for loan losses or (recapture) 639 867 822 4,038 33 (691 ) 5,708 3,005 3,612 2,891 7,164 137 369 17,178 Loans charged-off (130 ) - - - (9 ) - (139 ) Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 5 - - - 2 - 7 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (125 ) - - - (7 ) - (132 ) ALLL balance, September 30, 2020 $ 2,880 $ 3,612 $ 2,891 $ 7,164 $ 130 $ 369 $ 17,046 As of September 30, 2020 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,880 3,612 2,891 7,164 130 369 17,046 ALLL balance, September 30, 2020 $ 2,880 $ 3,612 $ 2,891 $ 7,164 $ 130 $ 369 $ 17,046 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 625 $ 3,269 $ 178 $ 405 $ - $ 4,477 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 588,579 97,686 120,969 704,781 3,927 1,515,942 Loan balance, September 30, 2020 $ 589,204 $ 100,955 $ 121,147 $ 705,186 $ 3,927 $ 1,520,419 The following table summarizes the allocation of the ALLL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2020. Commercial and Industrial Construction, Land, and Land Development Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Consumer and Other Unallocated Total (dollars in thousands) As of December 31, 2020 ALLL amounts allocated to Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Collectively evaluated for impairment 3,353 3,545 3,410 7,810 127 1,017 19,262 ALLL balance, December 31, 2020 $ 3,353 $ 3,545 $ 3,410 $ 7,810 $ 127 $ 1,017 $ 19,262 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 537 $ - $ 175 $ - $ - $ 712 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 538,663 94,423 143,694 774,925 3,916 1,555,621 Loan balance, December 31, 2020 $ 539,200 $ 94,423 $ 143,869 $ 774,925 $ 3,916 $ 1,556,333 |