FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2018 FINANCIAL RESULTS
Revenue:Total revenue for the fourth quarter of 2018 was $30.0 million, which includes $18.4 million in collaboration revenue, $9.4 million of net product revenue from U.S. sales of TIBSOVO® and $2.2 million in royalty revenue from net global sales of IDHIFA® under our collaboration agreement with Celgene. This compares to $9.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, which included $8.6 million in collaboration revenue and $1.2 million in royalty revenue from net global sales of IDHIFA®. Total revenue was $94.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $43.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increases in revenue are primarily driven by net U.S. sales of TIBSOVO®, additional collaboration revenue and royalty revenue from net U.S. sales of IDHIFA®.
Cost of Sales: We began U.S. sales of TIBSOVO® in the third quarter of 2018. Cost of sales were $0.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2018, and $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Research and Development (R&D) Expenses: R&D expenses were $93.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2018 compared to $77.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, and $341.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $292.7 million for the comparable period in 2017. The increase in R&D expense was primarily attributable tostart-up costs for the mitapivat pivotal program in PK deficiency and Phase 2 study in thalassemia and IND enabling activities forAG-636, our DHODH inhibitor. R&D expense also increased as a result of ongoing research efforts across our discovery platform programs.
Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) Expenses:SG&A expenses were $31.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2018 compared to $22.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, and $114.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $71.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in SG&A expense was primarily attributable to costs to support commercialization of TIBSOVO® and personnel costs related to increased headcount.
Net Loss:Net loss was $91.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2018 compared to $88.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2017, and $346.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 was compared to a net loss of $314.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Cash Position and Guidance:Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of December 31, 2018 were $805.4 million compared to $567.8 million as of December 31, 2017. The change in cash was primarily driven by the net proceeds of $516.2 million from the Januaryfollow-on offering. The company expects that its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of December 31, 2018, together with anticipated product and royalty revenue, anticipated interest income, and anticipated expense reimbursements under our collaboration and license agreements, but excluding any additional program-specific milestone payments, will enable the company to fund its anticipated operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements through at least the end of 2020.