SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 9 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | ' |
Basis of Presentation - Unaudited Interim Financial Information | ' |
Basis of Presentation – Unaudited Interim Financial Information |
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The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements furnished reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full fiscal year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on July 16, 2013. |
Fiscal Year End | ' |
Fiscal Year End |
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The Company elected March 31st as its fiscal year end date upon its formation. |
Use of Estimates and Assumptions and Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions | ' |
Use of Estimates and Assumptions and Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date(s) of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period(s). |
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Critical accounting estimates are estimates for which (a) the nature of the estimate is material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or the susceptibility of such matters to change and (b) the impact of the estimate on financial condition or operating performance is material. The Company’s critical accounting estimates and assumptions affecting the financial statements were: |
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(i) | Assumption as a going concern: Management assumes that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets, and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. | | | | | | | |
(ii) | Allowance for doubtful accounts: Management’s estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts is based on historical sales, historical loss levels, and an analysis of the collectability of individual accounts; and general economic conditions that may affect a client’s ability to pay. The Company evaluated the key factors and assumptions used to develop the allowance in determining that it is reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole. | | | | | | | |
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iii) Inventory Obsolescence and Markdowns: The Company’s estimate of potentially excess and slow-moving inventories is based on evaluation of inventory levels and aging, review of inventory turns and historical sales experiences. The Company’s estimate of reserve for inventory shrinkage is based on the historical results of physical inventory cycle counts. | | | | | | | |
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(iv) | Fair value of long-lived assets: Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable.If long-lived assets are determined to be recoverable, but the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives are shorter than originally estimated, the net book values of the long-lived assets are depreciated over the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives. The Company considers the following to be some examples of important indicators that may trigger an impairment review: (i) significant under-performance or losses of assets relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) significant changes in the manner or use of assets or in the Company’s overall strategy with respect to the manner or use of the acquired assets or changes in the Company’s overall business strategy; (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends; (iv) increased competitive pressures; (v) a significant decline in the Company’s stock price for a sustained period of time; and (vi) regulatory changes. The Company evaluates acquired assets for potential impairment indicators at least annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of such events. | | | | | | | |
(v) | Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets: Management assumes that the realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets resulting from its net operating loss (“NOL”) carry–forwards for Federal income tax purposes that may be offset against future taxable income was not considered more likely than not and accordingly, the potential tax benefits of the net loss carry-forwards are offset by a full valuation allowance. Management made this assumption based on (a) the Company has incurred recurring losses, (b) general economic conditions, and (c)its ability to raise additional funds to support its daily operations by way of a public or private offering, among other factors. | | | | | | | |
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(vi) | Estimates and assumptions used in valuation of equity instruments: Management estimates expected term of share options and similar instruments, expected volatility of the Company’s common shares and the method used to estimate it, expected annual rate of quarterly dividends, and risk free rate(s) to value share options and similar instruments. | | | | | | | |
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These significant accounting estimates or assumptions bear the risk of change due to the fact that there are uncertainties attached to these estimates or assumptions, and certain estimates or assumptions are difficult to measure or value. |
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Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. |
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Management regularly evaluates the key factors and assumptions used to develop the estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such evaluations, if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. |
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Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION | ' |
Principles of Consolidation |
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The Company applies the guidance of Topic 810 “Consolidation” of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to determine whether and how to consolidate another entity. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 810-10-15-10 all majority-owned subsidiaries—all entities in which a parent has a controlling financial interest—shall be consolidated except (1) when control does not rest with the parent, the majority owner; (2) if the parent is a broker-dealer within the scope of Topic 940 and control is likely to be temporary; (3) consolidation by an investment company within the scope of Topic 946 of a non-investment-company investee. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 810-10-15-8 the usual condition for a controlling financial interest is ownership of a majority voting interest, and, therefore, as a general rule ownership by one reporting entity, directly or indirectly, of more than 50 percent of the outstanding voting shares of another entity is a condition pointing toward consolidation. The power to control may also exist with a lesser percentage of ownership, for example, by contract, lease, agreement with other stockholders, or by court decree. The Company consolidates all less-than-majority-owned subsidiaries, if any, in which the parent’s power to control exists. |
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The Company's consolidated subsidiaries and/or entities are as follows: |
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Name of consolidated | | State or other jurisdiction | | Date of incorporation or formation | | Attributable | |
subsidiary or entity | of incorporation or organization | (date of acquisition, if applicable) | interest |
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Stevia Ventures International Ltd. | | The Territory of the British Virgin Islands | | 11-Apr-11 | | | 100 | % |
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Stevia Asia Limited | | Hong Kong SAR | | 19-Mar-12 | | | 100 | % |
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Stevia Technew Limited | | Hong Kong SAR | | 28-Apr-12 | | | 70 | % |
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SC Brands Pte Ltd | | Singapore | | 1-Oct-13 | | | 70 | % |
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The consolidated financial statements include all accounts of the Company and the consolidated subsidiaries and/or entities as of reporting period ending date(s) and for the reporting period(s) then ended. |
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All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated. |
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Reclassifications | ' |
Reclassification |
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Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported losses. |
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | ' |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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The Company follows paragraph 820-10-35-37 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Paragraph 820-10-35-37”) to measure the fair value of its financial instruments and paragraph 825-10-50-10 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for disclosures about fair value of its financial instruments. Paragraph 820-10-35-37 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures, Paragraph 820-10-35-37 establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three (3) broad levels. The three (3) levels of fair value hierarchy defined by Paragraph 820-10-35-37 are described below: |
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Level 1 | | Quoted market prices available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. | | | | | | |
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Level 2 | | Pricing inputs other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. | | | | | | |
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Level 3 | | Pricing inputs that are generally observable inputs and not corroborated by market data. | | | | | | |
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Financial assets are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable. |
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The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument. |
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The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, accounts receivable, prepayments and other current assets, accounts payable,accrued expenses, and accrued interest, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. |
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The Company’s convertible notes payable approximates the fair value of such instrument based upon management’s best estimate of interest rates that would be available to the Company for similar financial arrangements at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2013. |
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The Company’s Level 3 financial liabilities consist of the derivative warrant issued in August 2012 for which there is no current market for these securities such that the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation and the derivative liability on the conversion feature. The Company valued the automatic conditional conversion, re-pricing/down-round, change of control; default and follow-on offering provisions using a lattice model, with the assistance of a third party valuation specialist, for which management understands the methodologies. These models incorporate transaction details such as Company stock price, contractual terms, maturity, risk free rates, as well as assumptions about future financings, volatility, and holder behavior as of the date of issuance and each balance sheet date. |
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Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis | ' |
Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis |
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Level 3 Financial Liabilities – Derivative Warrant Liabilities and Derivative Liability on Conversion Feature |
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The Company uses Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy to measure the fair value of the derivative liabilities and revalues its derivative warrant liability and derivative liability on the conversion feature at every reporting period and recognizes gains or losses in the consolidated statements of operations that are attributable to the change in the fair value of the derivative liabilities. |
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | ' |
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts |
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Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company follows paragraph 310-10-50-9 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company performs on-going credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, as determined by the review of their current credit information; and determines the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical write-off experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions. |
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Pursuant to paragraph 310-10-50-2 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company has adopted paragraph 310-10-50-6 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification and determine when receivables are past due or delinquent based on how recently payments have been received. |
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Outstanding account balances are reviewed individually for collectability. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probablecredit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. Bad debt expense is included in general and administrative expenses, if any. |
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There was no allowance for doubtful accounts as December 31, 2013 or March 31, 2013. |
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The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure to its customers. |
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CARRYING VALUE, RECOVERABILITY AND IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS | ' |
Carrying Value, Recoverability and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
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The Company has adopted paragraph 360-10-35-17 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for its long-lived assets. The Company’s long-lived assets, which include property and equipment, acquired technology, and website development costs are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. |
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The Company assesses the recoverability of its long-lived assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related long-lived asset or group of long-lived assets over their remaining estimated useful livesagainst their respective carrying amounts. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable.If long-lived assets are determined to be recoverable, but the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives are shorter than originally estimated, the net book values of the long-lived assets are depreciated over the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives. |
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The Company considers the following to be some examples of important indicators that may trigger an impairment review: (i) significant under-performance or losses of assets relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) significant changes in the manner or use of assets or in the Company’s overall strategy with respect to the manner or use of the acquired assets or changes in the Company’s overall business strategy; (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends; (iv) increased competitive pressures; (v) a significant decline in the Company’s stock price for a sustained period of time; and (vi) regulatory changes. The Company evaluates acquired assets for potential impairment indicators at least annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of such events. |
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The key assumptions used in management’s estimates of projected cash flow deal largely with forecasts of sales levels and gross margins. These forecasts are typically based on historical trends and take into account recent developments as well as management’s plans and intentions. Other factors, such as increased competition or a decrease in the desirability of the Company’s products or services, could lead to lower projected sales levels, which would adversely impact cash flows. A significant change in cash flows in the future could result in an impairment of long lived assets. |
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The impairment charges, if any, is included in operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. |
CASH EQUIVALENTS | ' |
Cash Equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. |
Inventory, Policy | ' |
Inventories |
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Inventory Valuation |
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The Company values inventory, consisting of finished goods, at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on the first-in and first-out (“FIFO”) method. The Company reduces inventory for the diminution of value, resulting from product obsolescence, damage or other issues affecting marketability, equal to the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated market value. Factors utilized in the determination of estimated market value include (i) estimates of future demand, and (ii) competitive pricing pressures. |
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Inventory Obsolescence and Markdowns |
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The Company evaluates its current level of inventory considering historical sales and other factors and, based on this evaluation, classify inventory markdowns in the income statement as a component of cost of goods sold pursuant to Paragraph 420-10-S99 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to adjust inventory to net realizable value. These markdowns are estimates, which could vary significantly from actual requirements if future economic conditions, customer demand or competition differ from expectations. |
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There was no inventory obsolescence for the interim period ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. |
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There was no lower of cost or market adjustments for the interim period ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. |
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT | ' |
Property and Equipment |
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Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Expenditures for major additions and betterments are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Depreciation of furniture and fixture is computed by the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the assets estimated useful life of five (5) years. Upon sale or retirement of property and equipment, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the statements of operations. |
Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill | ' |
Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill |
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The Company has adopted paragraph 350-30-25-3 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for intangible assets other than goodwill. Under the requirements, the Company amortizes the acquisition costs of intangible assets other than goodwillon a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: |
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Acquired technology | | | 15 | | | | | |
Website development costs | | | 5 | | | | | |
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Upon becoming fully amortized, the related cost and accumulated amortization are removed from the accounts. |
Related Parties | ' |
Related Parties |
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The Company follows subtopic 850-10 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. |
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Pursuant to Section 850-10-20 the related parties include a. affiliates of the Company; b. entities for which investments in their equity securities would be required, absent the election of the fair value option under the Fair Value Option Subsection of Section 825–10–15, to be accounted for by the equity method by the investing entity; c. trusts for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of management; d. principal owners of the Company; e. management of the Company; f. other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests; and g. other parties that can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or that have an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. |
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The financial statements shall include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business. However, disclosure of transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of consolidated or combined financial statements is not required in those statements. The disclosures shall include: a. the nature of the relationship(s) involved; b. a description of the transactions, including transactions to which no amounts or nominal amounts were ascribed, for each of the periods for which income statements are presented, and such other information deemed necessary to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the financial statements; c. the dollar amounts of transactions for each of the periods for which income statements are presented and the effects of any change in the method of establishing the terms from that used in the preceding period; and d. amounts due from or to related parties as of the date of each balance sheet presented and, if not otherwise apparent, the terms and manner of settlement. |
Extinguishment Accounting | ' |
Extinguishment Accounting |
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On July 25, 2013, the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York (the "Court"), entered an order (the "Order") approving the settlement (the "Settlement Agreement") between the Company and Hanover Holdings I, LLC, a New York limited liability company ("Hanover"), Hanover commenced the action against the Company on July 12, 2013 to recover $1,042,000 of past-due accounts payable of the Company, plus fees and costs (the "Claim"). The Settlement Agreement became effective and binding upon the Company and Hanover upon execution of the Order by the Court on July 25, 2013. |
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The Settlement Agreement provides that the Initial Settlement Shares will be subject to adjustment on the trading day immediately following the Calculation Period to reflect the intention of the parties that the total number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to Hanover pursuant to the Settlement Agreement be based upon a specified discount to the trading volume weighted average price (the "VWAP") of the Common Stock for a specified period of time subsequent to the Court's entry of the Order. |
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The Company considered the settlement of debt with common shares as an extinguishment of debt and applied extinguishment accounting accordingly. The Company compared the trade accounts payable and related settlement costs with the fair value of common shares issued. Because the fair value of common shares issued was $561,077 greater than trade accounts payable and related settlement costs, the Company applied extinguishment accounting, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $561,077, for the reporting period ended December 31, 2013. |
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES | ' |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities |
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The Company accounts for derivative instruments and hedging activities in accordance with paragraph 810-10-05-4 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Paragraph 810-10-05-4”). Paragraph 810-10-05-4 requires companies to recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends upon: (i) whether the derivative has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship, and (ii) the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, a company must designate the hedging instrument based upon the exposure being hedged as either a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. |
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DERIVATIVE LIABILITY | ' |
Derivative Liability |
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The Company evaluates its convertible debt, options, warrants or other contracts, if any, to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives to be separately accounted for in accordance with paragraph 810-10-05-4 and Section 815-40-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is marked-to-market each balance sheet date and recorded as either an asset or a liability. In the event that the fair value is recorded as a liability, the change in fair value is recorded in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as other income or expense. Upon conversion, exercise or cancellation of a derivative instrument, the instrument is marked to fair value at the date of conversion, exercise or cancellation and then that the related fair value is reclassified to equity. |
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In circumstances where the embedded conversion option in a convertible instrument is required to be bifurcated and there are also other embedded derivative instruments in the convertible instrument that are required to be bifurcated, the bifurcated derivative instruments are accounted for as a single, compound derivative instrument. |
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The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period. Equity instruments that are initially classified as equity that become subject to reclassification are reclassified to liability at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date. Derivative instrument liabilities will be classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument is expected within 12 months of the balance sheet date. |
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The Company adopted Section 815-40-15 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Section 815-40-15”)to determine whether an instrument (or an embedded feature) is indexed to the Company’s own stock. Section 815-40-15 provides that an entity should use a two-step approach to evaluate whether an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to its own stock, including evaluating the instrument’s contingent exercise and settlement provisions. The adoption of Section 815-40-15 has affected the accounting for (i) certain freestanding warrants that contain exercise price adjustment features and (ii) convertible bonds issued by foreign subsidiaries with a strike price denominated in a foreign currency. |
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The Company marks to market the fair value of the embedded derivative warrants at each balance sheet date and records the change in the fair value of the embedded derivative warrants as other income or expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). |
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The Company utilizes the Lattice model that values the liability of the derivative warrants based on a probability weighted discounted cash flow model with the assistance of the third party valuation firm. The reason the Company picks the Lattice model is that in many cases there may be multiple embedded features or the features of the bifurcated derivatives may be so complex that a Black-Scholes valuation does not consider all of the terms of the instrument. Therefore, the fair value may not be appropriately captured by simple models. In other words, simple models such as Black-Scholes may not be appropriate in many situations given complex features and terms of conversion option (e.g., combined embedded derivatives). The Lattice model is based on future projections of the various potential outcomes. The features that were analyzed and incorporated into the model included the exercise and full reset features. Based on these features, there are two primary events that can occur; the Holder exercises the Warrants or the Warrants are held to expiration. The Lattice model analyzed the underlying economic factors that influenced which of these events would occur, when they were likely to occur, and the specific terms that would be in effect at the time (i.e. stock price, exercise price, volatility, etc.). Projections were then made on the underlying factors which led to potential scenarios. Probabilities were assigned to each scenario based on management projections. This led to a cash flow projection and a probability associated with that cash flow. A discounted weighted average cash flow over the various scenarios was completed to determine the value of the derivative warrants. |
Beneficial Conversion Feature | ' |
Beneficial Conversion Feature |
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When the Company issues an debt or equity security that is convertible into common stock at a discount from the fair value of the common stock at the date the debt or equity security counterparty is legally committed to purchase such a security (Commitment Date), a beneficial conversion charge is measured and recorded on the Commitment Date for the difference between the fair value of the Company's common stock and the effective conversion price of the debt or equity security. If the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature is greater than the proceeds allocated to the debt or equity security, the amount of the discount assigned to the beneficial conversion feature is limited to the amount of the proceeds allocated to the debt or equity security. |
COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES | ' |
Commitment and Contingencies |
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The Company follows subtopic 450-20 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the consolidated financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein. |
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If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed. |
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Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time, that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows. |
NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST | ' |
Non-controlling Interest |
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The Company follows paragraph 810-10-65-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report the non-controlling interests in its majority owned subsidiaries in the consolidated statements of balance sheets within the equity section, separately from the Company’s stockholders’ equity. Non-controlling interests represents the non-controlling interest holder’s proportionate share of the equity of the Company’s majority-owned subsidiaries. Non-controlling interest is adjusted for the non-controlling interest holder’s proportionate share of the earnings or losses and other comprehensive income (loss) and the non-controlling interest continues to be attributed its share of losses even if that attribution results in a deficit non-controlling interest balance. |
REVENUE RECOGNITION | ' |
Revenue Recognition |
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The Company follows paragraph 605-10-S99-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for revenue recognition. The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and earned. The Company considers revenue realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) the product has been shipped or the services have been rendered to the customer, (iii) the sales price is fixed or determinable, and (iv)collectability is reasonably assured. |
Shipping and Handling Cost | ' |
Shipping and Handling Costs |
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The Company accounts for shipping and handling fees in accordance with paragraph 605-45-45-19 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. While amounts charged to customers for shipping products are included in revenues, the related costs are classified in cost of goods sold as incurred. |
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT | ' |
Research and Development |
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The Company follows paragraph 730-10-25-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 2 “Accounting for Research and Development Costs”) and paragraph 730-20-25-11 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 68 “Research and Development Arrangements”) for research and development costs. Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred.Research and development costs consist primarily of remuneration for research and development staff, depreciation and maintenance expenses of research and development equipment, material and testing costs for research and development as well as research and development arrangements with unrelated third party research and development institutions. |
Non-refundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research and Development Activities | ' |
Non-refundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research and Development Activities |
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The research and development arrangements usually involve specific research and development projects. Often times, the Company makes non-refundable advances upon signing of these arrangements. The Company adopted paragraph 730-20-25-13 and 730-20-35-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 07-3 “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research and Development Activities”) for those non-refundable advances. Non-refundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities are deferred and capitalized. Such amounts are recognized as an expense as the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed. The management continues to evaluate whether the Company expect the goods to be delivered or services to be rendered. If the management does not expect the goods to be delivered or services to be rendered, the capitalized advance payment are charged to expense. |
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION FOR OBTAINING EMPLOYEE SERVICES | ' |
Stock-Based Compensation for Obtaining Employee Services |
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The Company accounts for its stock based compensation in which the Company obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions under the recognition and measurement principles of the fair value recognition provisions of section 718-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Pursuant to paragraph 718-10-30-6 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, all transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date used to determine the fair value of the equity instrument issued is the earlier of the date on which the performance is complete or the date on which it is probable that performance will occur. If shares of the Company are thinly traded the use of share prices established in the Company’s most recent private placement memorandum ("PPM”), or weekly or monthly price observations would generally be more appropriate than the use of daily price observations as such shares could be artificially inflated due to a larger spread between the bid and asked quotes and lack of consistent trading in the market. |
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The fair value of non-derivative option award is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model. The ranges of assumptions for inputs are as follows: |
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· | Expected term of share options and similar instruments: The expected life of options and similar instruments represents the period of time the option and/or warrant are expected to be outstanding. Pursuant to Paragraph 718-10-50-2(f)(2)(i) of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification the expected term of share options and similar instruments represents the period of time the options and similar instruments are expected to be outstanding taking into consideration of the contractual term of the instruments and employees’ expected exercise and post-vesting employment termination behavior into the fair value (or calculated value) of the instruments. Pursuant to paragraph 718-10-S99-1, it may be appropriate to use the simplified method, i.e., expected term =(vesting term + original contractual term) / 2), if (i) A company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term due to the limited period of time its equity shares have been publicly traded; (ii) A company significantly changes the terms of its share option grants or the types of employees that receive share option grants such that its historical exercise data may no longer provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term; or (iii) A company has or expects to have significant structural changes in its business such that its historical exercise data may no longer provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term. The Company uses the simplified method to calculate expected term of share options and similar instruments as the company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term. | | | | | | | |
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· | Expected volatility of the entity’s shares and the method used to estimate it. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 718-10-50-2(f)(2)(ii) a thinly-traded or nonpublic entity that uses the calculated value method shall disclose the reasons why it is not practicable for the Company to estimate the expected volatility of its share price, the appropriate industry sector index that it has selected, the reasons for selecting that particular index, and how it has calculated historical volatility using that index. The Company uses the average historical volatility of the comparable companies over the expected contractual life of the share options or similar instruments as its expected volatility. If shares of a company are thinly traded the use of weekly or monthly price observations would generally be more appropriate than the use of daily price observations as the volatility calculation using daily observations for such shares could be artificially inflated due to a larger spread between the bid and asked quotes and lack of consistent trading in the market. | | | | | | | |
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· | Expected annual rate of quarterly dividends. An entity that uses a method that employs different dividend rates during the contractual term shall disclose the range of expected dividends used and the weighted-average expected dividends. The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s current dividend yield as the best estimate of projected dividend yield for periods within the expected term of the share options and similar instruments. | | | | | | | |
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· | Risk-free rate(s). An entity that uses a method that employs different risk-free rates shall disclose the range of risk-free rates used. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods within the expected term of the share options and similar instruments. | | | | | | | |
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The Company’s policy is to recognize compensation cost for awards with only service conditions and a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. |
EQUITY INSTRUMENTS ISSUED TO PARTIES OTHER THAN EMPLOYEES FOR ACQUIRING GOODS OR | ' |
Equity Instruments Issued to Parties other than Employees for Acquiring Goods or Services |
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The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to parties other than employees for acquiring goods or services under guidance of Subtopic 505-50 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Subtopic 505-50”). |
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Pursuant to ASC Section 505-50-30, all transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The measurement date used to determine the fair value of the equity instrument issued is the earlier of the date on which the performance is complete or the date on which it is probable that performance will occur. If shares of the Company are thinly traded the use of share prices established in the Company’s most recent private placement memorandum ("PPM”), or weekly or monthly price observations would generally be more appropriate than the use of daily price observations as such shares could be artificially inflated due to a larger spread between the bid and asked quotes and lack of consistent trading in the market. |
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The fair value of non-derivative option or warrant award is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model. The ranges of assumptions for inputs are as follows: |
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· | Expected term of share options and similar instruments: Pursuant to Paragraph 718-10-50-2 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification the expected term of share options and similar instruments represents the period of time the options and similar instruments are expected to be outstanding taking into consideration of the contractual term of the instruments and holder’s expected exercise behavior into the fair value (or calculated value) of the instruments. The Company uses historical data to estimate holder’s expected exercise behavior. If the Company is a newly formed corporation or shares of the Company are thinly traded the contractual term of the share options and similar instruments is used as the expected term of share options and similar instruments as the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term. | | | | | | | |
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· | Expected volatility of the entity’s shares and the method used to estimate it. An entity that uses a method that employs different volatilities during the contractual term shall disclose the range of expected volatilities used and the weighted-average expected volatility. A thinly-traded or nonpublic entity that uses the calculated value method shall disclose the reasons why it is not practicable for the Company to estimate the expected volatility of its share price, the appropriate industry sector index that it has selected, the reasons for selecting that particular index, and how it has calculated historical volatility using that index.The Company uses the average historical volatility of the comparable companies over the expected contractual life of the share options or similar instruments as its expected volatility. If shares of a company are thinly traded the use of weekly or monthly price observations would generally be more appropriate than the use of daily price observations as the volatility calculation using daily observations for such shares could be artificially inflated due to a larger spread between the bid and asked quotes and lack of consistent trading in the market. | | | | | | | |
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· | Expected annual rate of quarterly dividends. An entity that uses a method that employs different dividend rates during the contractual term shall disclose the range of expected dividends used and the weighted-average expected dividends. The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s current dividend yield as the best estimate of projected dividend yield for periods within the expected contractual life of the option and similar instruments. | | | | | | | |
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· | Risk-free rate(s). An entity that uses a method that employs different risk-free rates shall disclose the range of risk-free rates used. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods within the contractual life of the option and similar instruments. | | | | | | | |
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Pursuant to Paragraphs 505-50-25-8, if fully vested, non-forfeitable equity instruments are issued at the date the grantor and grantee enter into an agreement for goods or services (no specific performance is required by the grantee to retain those equity instruments), then, because of the elimination of any obligation on the part of the counterparty to earn the equity instruments, a measurement date has been reached. A grantor shall recognize the equity instruments when they are issued (in most cases, when the agreement is entered into). Whether the corresponding cost is an immediate expense or a prepaid asset (or whether the debit should be characterized as contra-equity under the requirements of paragraph 505-50-45-1) depends on the specific facts and circumstances. Pursuant to ASC paragraph 505-50-45-1, a grantor may conclude that an asset (other than a note or a receivable) has been received in return for fully vested, non-forfeitable equity instruments that are issued at the date the grantor and grantee enter into an agreement for goods or services (and no specific performance is required by the grantee in order to retain those equity instruments). Such an asset shall not be displayed as contra-equity by the grantor of the equity instruments. The transferability (or lack thereof) of the equity instruments shall not affect the balance sheet display of the asset. This guidance is limited to transactions in which equity instruments are transferred to other than employees in exchange for goods or services. Section 505-50-30 provides guidance on the determination of the measurement date for transactions that are within the scope of this Subtopic. |
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Pursuant to Paragraphs 505-50-25-8 and 505-50-25-9,an entity may grant fully vested, non-forfeitable equity instruments that are exercisable by the grantee only after a specified period of time if the terms of the agreement provide for earlier exercisability if the grantee achieves specified performance conditions. Any measured cost of the transaction shall be recognized in the same period(s) and in the same manner as if the entity had paid cash for the goods or services or used cash rebates as a sales discount instead of paying with, or using, the equity instruments. A recognized asset, expense, or sales discount shall not be reversed if a stock option that the counterparty has the right to exercise expires unexercised. |
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Pursuant to ASC paragraph 505-50-30-S99-1, if the Company receives a right to receive future services in exchange for unvested, forfeitable equity instruments, those equity instruments are treated as unissued for accounting purposes until the future services are received (that is, the instruments are not considered issued until they vest). Consequently, there would be no recognition at the measurement date and no entry should be recorded. |
INCOME TAX PROVISION | ' |
Income Tax Provision |
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The Company accounts for income taxes under Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it ismore likely than not that the assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (loss) in the period that includes the enactment date. |
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The Company adopted section 740-10-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Section 740-10-25”). Section 740-10-25 addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under Section 740-10-25, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty (50) percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Section 740-10-25 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. |
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The estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities are reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as well as tax credit carry-backs and carry-forwards. The Company periodically reviews the recoverability of deferred tax assets recorded on its consolidated balance sheets and provides valuation allowances as management deems necessary. |
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Management makes judgments as to the interpretation of the tax laws that might be challenged upon an audit and cause changes to previous estimates of tax liability. In addition, the Company operates within multiple taxing jurisdictions and is subject to audit in these jurisdictions. In management’s opinion, adequate provisions for income taxes have been made for all years. If actual taxable income by tax jurisdiction varies from estimates, additional allowances or reversals of reserves may be necessary. |
UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS | ' |
Uncertain Tax Positions |
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The Company did not take any uncertain tax positions and had no adjustments to its income tax liabilities or benefits pursuant to the provisions of Section 740-10-25 for the reporting period ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. |
LIMITATION ON UTILIZATION OF NOLS DUE TO CHANGE IN CONTROL | ' |
Limitation on Utilization of NOLs due to Change in Control |
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Pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code Section 382 (“Section 382”), certain ownership changes may subject the NOL’s to annual limitations which could reduce or defer the NOL. Section 382 imposes limitations on a corporation’s ability to utilize NOLs if it experiences an “ownership change.” In general terms, an ownership change may result from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders in the stock of a corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. In the event of an ownership change, utilization of the NOLs would be subject to an annual limitation under Section 382 determined by multiplying the value of its stock at the time of the ownership change by the applicable long-term tax-exempt rate. Any unused annual limitation may be carried over to later years. The imposition of this limitation on its ability to use the NOLs to offset future taxable income could cause the Company to pay U.S. federal income taxes earlier than if such limitation were not in effect and could cause such NOLs to expire unused, reducing or eliminating the benefit of such NOLs. |
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE | ' |
Net Income (Loss)per Common Share |
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Net income (loss) per common share is computed pursuant to section 260-10-45 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially outstanding shares of common stock during the period to reflect the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through contingent shares issuance arrangement, stock options or warrants. |
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The following table shows the potentially outstanding dilutive common shares excluded from the diluted net income (loss) per common share calculation as they were anti-dilutive: |
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| | Potentially Outstanding Dilutive Common Shares | | | |
| | | For Interim | | For Interim | | | |
PeriodEnded | Period Ended | | | |
31-Dec-13 | 31-Dec-12 | | | |
Make Good Escrow Shares | | | | | | | | |
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Make Good Escrow Agreement shares issued and held with the escrow agent in connection with the Share Exchange Agreement consummated on June 23, 2011 pending the achievement by the Company of certain post-Closing business milestones (the “Milestones”). | | | - | | 3,000,000 | | | |
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Sub-total Make Good Escrow Shares | | | - | | 3,000,000 | | | |
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Convertible Note Shares | | | | | | | | |
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On March 7, 2012, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $200,000 with interest at 10% per annum due one (1) year from the date of issuance with the conversion price to be the same as the next private placement price on a per share basis, provided that the Company completes a private placement with gross proceeds of at least $100,000. On August 6, 2012, the Company completed the very next private placement at $0.46875 per share with gross proceeds of at least $100,000. On March 15, 2013, the above note was cancelled and reissued with a new convertible note consisting of the prior principal amount and the entire accrued unpaid interest for the total amount of $220,438 with interest at 12% per annum convertible at $0.25 per share due on September 30, 2013. The note is currently past due with no penalty and the Company continues to accrue the interest at 10% per annum. | | | 881,752 | | 426,667 | | | |
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On May 30, 2012, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $200,000 with interest at 10% per annum due one (1) year from the date of issuance with the unpaid principal and any accrued and unpaid interest thereon convertible, as of the Conversion Date, at the lower of (a) the price per share at which shares of capital stock issued in the Financing are sold in the Financing, or (b) the closing price of the Company's securities if traded on a securities exchange, or if actively traded over-the-counter, the average closing bid price for the securi1ies, in each case over the thirty (30) day period prior to the Conversion Date; provided however, that if no active trading market for the securities exists at the time of the conversion, such amount shall be the fair market value of a share of the Company's common stock as determined in good faith by Company's Board of Directors. A "Financing" means the closing of the sale of shares of capital stock of the Company in the first equity financing transaction after the date first set forth above, in which the Company receives gross proceeds of at least $100,000, excluding conversion of this Note. The note is currently past due with no penalty and the Company continues to accrue the interest at 10% per annum. | | | 1,739,130 | | 426,667 | | | |
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On February 26, 2013, the Company issued two (2) convertible notes in the principal amount of $250,000 and $100,000, respectively, convertible at $0.25 per share, with interest at 12% per annum due on September 30, 2013. The note is currently past due with no penalty and the Company continues to accrue the interest at 12% per annum. | | | 1,400,000 | | - | | | |
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On July 16, 2013, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $111,111 with a 10% Original Issuance Discount ("OID") and a one-time interest charge of 12% after 90 days. The note is due one (1) year from the date of issuance with the conversion price at 65% of the lowest trade price for the 25 trade day period before the conversion date. | | | 1,762,228 | | - | | | |
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On August 27, 2013, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $153,500, convertible at 65% of the three lowest bids for 30 trading days before the conversion date with interest at 8% per annum, due on May 26, 2014. | | | 2,353,573 | | - | | | |
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On September 26, 2013, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $27,778 with a 10% Original Issuance Discount ("OID") and a one-time interest charge of 12%. The note is due one (1) year from the date of issuance with the conversion price at 65% of the lowest trade price for the 25 trade day period before the conversion date. | | | 440,571 | | - | | | |
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On October 15, 2013, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $58,000 with an $8,000 Original Issuance Discount ("OID") and with interest at 10% per annum, convertible at $0.20 per share, due on May 1, 2014. | | | 290,000 | | - | | | |
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On November 21, 2013, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $53,000, convertible at 65% of the three lowest bids for 30 trading days before the conversion date with interest at 8% per annum, due on August 25, 2014. | | | 812,634 | | - | | | |
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On December 9, 2013, the Company issued a convertible note in the principal amount of $55,556 with a 10% Original Issuance Discount ("OID") and 12% one time interest. The note is due one (1) year from the date of issuance with the conversion price at 65% of the lowest trade price for the 25 trade day period before the conversion date . | | | 881,142 | | - | | | |
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Sub-total Convertible Note Shares | | | 10,561,070 | | 853,334 | | | |
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Warrant Shares | | | | | | | | |
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On August 6, 2012, the Company issued (i) warrants to purchase 1,066,667 shares, in the aggregate, of the Company’s common stock to investors (the “investor warrants”) and (ii) warrants to purchase 85,333 shares of the Company's common stock to the placement agent (the "agent warrants") with an exercise price of $0.6405 per share, subject to certain adjustments pursuant to Section 3(b) Subsequent Equity Sales of the SPA, expiring five (5) years from the date of issuance. On February 26, 2013, warrantsissued subsequent to these warrantstriggered a reset of these warrants exercise price to $0.25 per share and the shares to be issued under the warrants were adjusted to 2,951,424 shares accordingly. On May 8, 2013, the Company completed a private placement at $0.20 per share with gross proceeds more than $100,000; this event triggered the reset of the conversion price of the convertible note to $0.20 per share and the shares to be issued under the warrants were adjusted to 3,689,280 shares accordingly. On May 8, 2013, investors exercised the warrants to purchase 2,732,799 shares (853,333 original shares) at $0.20 per share. | | | 956,481 | | 1,152,000 | | | |
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On February 26, 2013, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1,000,000 and 400,000 shares respectively, or 1,400,000 shares in the aggregate, of the Company’s common stock to two (2) note holders in connection with the issuance of convertible notes. | | | 1,400,000 | | - | | | |
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On March 15, 2013, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 881,753 shares of the Company’s common stock to the note holder in connection with the issuance of the convertible note. | | | 881,753 | | - | | | |
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On May 6, 2013, the Company issued three (3) series of warrants: | | | 2,027,520 | | - | | | |
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Series A warrants include (i) warrants to purchase 1,877,333 shares of the Company’s common stock to the investor and (ii) warrants to purchase 150,187 shares of the Company's common stock to the placement agent (the "agent warrants") with an exercise price of $0.20 per share expiring five (5) years from the date of issuance. | | | |
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| | | 1,151,999 | | - | | | |
Series B warrants include (i) warrants to purchase 1,066,666 shares of the Company’s common stock to the investor and (ii) warrants to purchase 85,333 shares of the Company's common stock to the placement agent (the "agent warrants") with an exercise price of $0.25 per share expiring five (5) years from the date of issuance. | | | |
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| | | 2,534,399 | | - | | | |
Series C warrants include (i) warrants to purchase 2,346,666 shares of the Company’s common stock to the investor and (ii) warrants to purchase 187,733 shares of the Company's common stock to the placement agent (the "agent warrants") with an exercise price of $0.25 per share expiring five (5) years from the date of issuance. The warrants are exercisable under the condition of Series A warrants are exercised. | | | |
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On October 15, 2013, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to a note holder with an exercise price of $0.25 per share in connection with the issuance of convertible note. | | | 1,000,000 | | - | | | |
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Sub-total Warrant Shares | | | 9,952,152 | | 1,152,000 | | | |
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Total potentially outstanding dilutive common shares | | | 20,513,222 | | 5,005,334 | | | |
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CASH FLOWS REPORTING | ' |
Cash Flows Reporting |
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The Company adopted paragraph 230-10-45-24 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for cash flows reporting, classifies cash receipts and payments according to whether they stem from operating, investing, or financing activities and provides definitions of each category, and uses the indirect or reconciliation method (“Indirect method”) as defined by paragraph 230-10-45-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification to report net cash flow from operating activities by adjusting net income to reconcile it to net cash flow from operating activities by removing the effects of (a) all deferrals of past operating cash receipts and payments and all accruals of expected future operating cash receipts and payments and (b) all items that are included in net income that do not affect operating cash receipts and payments. The Company reports the reporting currency equivalent of foreign currency cash flows, using the current exchange rate at the time of the cash flows and the effect of exchange rate changes on cash held in foreign currencies is reported as a separate item in the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of cash and cash equivalents and separately provides information about investing and financing activities not resulting in cash receipts or payments in the period pursuant to paragraph 830-230-45-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. |
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS | ' |
Subsequent Events |
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The Company follows the guidance in Section 855-10-50 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for the disclosure of subsequent events. The Company will evaluate subsequent events through the date when the financial statements are issued. Pursuant to ASU 2010-09 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, the Company as an SEC filer considers its financial statements issued when they are widely distributed to users, such as through filing them on EDGAR. |
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS | ' |
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
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In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income." The ASUadds new disclosure requirements for items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component and their corresponding effect on net income. The ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2013. |
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In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU No. 2013-04, "Liabilities (Topic 405): Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date." This ASU addresses the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of certain obligations resulting from joint and several arrangements including debt arrangements, other contractual obligations, and settled litigation and judicial rulings. The ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. |
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In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, "Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity." This ASU addresses the accounting for the cumulative translation adjustment when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business within a foreign entity. The guidance outlines the events when cumulative translation adjustments should be released into net income and is intended by FASB to eliminate some disparity in current accounting practice. This ASU is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. |
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In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-07, “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205): Liquidation Basis of Accounting.” The amendments require an entity to prepare its financial statements using the liquidation basis of accounting when liquidation is imminent. Liquidation is imminent when the likelihood is remote that the entity will return from liquidation and either (a) a plan for liquidation is approved by the person or persons with the authority to make such a plan effective and the likelihood is remote that the execution of the plan will be blocked by other parties or (b) a plan for liquidation is being imposed by other forces (for example, involuntary bankruptcy). If a plan for liquidation was specified in the entity’s governing documents from the entity’s inception (for example, limited-life entities), the entity should apply the liquidation basis of accounting only if the approved plan for liquidation differs from the plan for liquidation that was specified at the entity’s inception. The amendments require financial statements prepared using the liquidation basis of accounting to present relevant information about an entity’s expected resources in liquidation by measuring and presenting assets at the amount of the expected cash proceeds from liquidation. The entity should include in its presentation of assets any items it had not previously recognized under U.S. GAAP but that it expects to either sell in liquidation or use in settling liabilities (for example, trademarks). The amendments are effective for entities that determine liquidation is imminent during annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim reporting periods therein. Entities should apply the requirements prospectively from the day that liquidation becomes imminent. Early adoption is permitted. |
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Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements. |