Appian (APPN) 10-K 20 Feb 20 2019 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover Page

Cover Page - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Feb. 14, 2020	Jun. 28, 2019
Document and Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2019
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38098
Entity Registrant Name	APPIAN CORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	54-1956084
Entity Address, Address Line One	7950 Jones Branch Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Tysons
Entity Address, State or Province	VA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	20190
City Area Code	703
Local Phone Number	442-8844
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock
Trading Symbol	APPN
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K are incorporated by reference in Part III, Items 10-14 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Entity Central Index Key	0001441683
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Class A Common Stock
Document and Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Public Float			$ 832,771,572
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		34,562,551
Class B Common Stock
Document and Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Public Float			$ 89,268,922
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		32,922,636

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 159,755	$ 94,930
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $600 at December 31, 2019 and 2018	70,408	79,383
Deferred commissions, current	14,543	14,020
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	32,955	21,293
Total current assets	277,661	209,626
Property and equipment, net	39,554
Property and equipment, net		7,539
Operating right-of-use asset	24,205
Deferred commissions, net of current portion	28,979	15,088
Deferred tax assets	494	326
Other assets	592	601
Total assets	371,485	233,180
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	5,222	9,249
Accrued expenses	7,488	7,464
Accrued compensation and related benefits	10,691	13,796
Deferred revenue, current	82,201	95,523
Operating lease liability, current	3,836
Finance lease liability, current	1,447
Other current liabilities	1,395	2,369
Total current liabilities	112,280	128,401
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	44,416
Finance lease liability, net of current portion	2,375
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	7,139	16,145
Deferred tax liabilities	38	42
Deferred rent, net of current portion	0	15,400
Total liabilities	166,248	159,988
Stockholders’ equity
Additional paid-in capital	340,929	218,284
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(285)	542
Accumulated deficit	(135,413)	(145,640)
Total stockholders’ equity	205,237	73,192	$ 45,524	$ (63,492)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	371,485	233,180
Class A Common Stock
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock	3	3
Class B Common Stock
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock	$ 3	$ 3

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 600	$ 600
Class A Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	34,525,386	29,626,054
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	34,525,386	29,626,054
Class B Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	32,942,636	34,290,383
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	32,942,636	34,290,383

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 68,618	$ 66,155	$ 65,275	$ 60,304	$ 60,216	$ 54,948	$ 59,883	$ 51,696	$ 260,352	$ 226,743	$ 176,737
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	22,773	23,951	23,051	24,066	22,210	20,092	21,574	21,049	93,841	84,925	64,597
Gross profit	45,845	42,204	42,224	36,238	38,006	34,856	38,309	30,647	166,511	141,818	112,140
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	31,254	27,603	29,992	28,591	30,177	25,467	27,384	22,964	117,440	105,992	81,966
Research and development	15,625	15,697	12,765	13,956	12,332	11,737	10,785	9,870	58,043	44,724	34,835
General and administrative	12,028	11,191	9,261	9,016	8,799	12,537	8,425	8,060	41,496	37,821	27,150
Total operating expenses	58,907	54,491	52,018	51,563	51,308	49,741	46,594	40,894	216,979	188,537	143,951
Operating loss	(13,062)	(12,287)	(9,794)	(15,325)	(13,302)	(14,885)	(8,285)	(10,247)	(50,468)	(46,719)	(31,811)
Other (income) expense:
Other (income) expense, net	(2,822)	2,262	(79)	(302)	510	110	2,593	(918)	(941)	2,295	(2,038)
Interest expense	131	96	69	71	64	67	54	13	367	198	473
Total other (income) expense	(2,691)	2,358	(10)	(231)	574	177	2,647	(905)	(574)	2,493	(1,565)
Loss before income taxes	(10,371)	(14,645)	(9,784)	(15,094)	(13,876)	(15,062)	(10,932)	(9,342)	(49,894)	(49,212)	(30,246)
Income tax expense	426	5	267	122	27	(34)	35	211	820	239	761
Net loss	(10,797)	(14,650)	(10,051)	(15,216)	(13,903)	(15,028)	(10,967)	(9,553)	(50,714)	(49,451)	(31,007)
Accretion of dividends on convertible preferred stock									0	0	357
Net loss attributable to common stockholders									$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,364)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic and diluted (in usd per share)									$ (0.77)	$ (0.80)	$ (0.63)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted (in shares)									65,479,327	62,140,684	49,529,833
Subscriptions
Revenue:
Total revenue	42,108	37,774	36,860	34,557	35,108	30,905	33,047	26,952	$ 151,299	$ 126,012	$ 91,514
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	4,993	4,484	4,036	3,585	3,284	3,261	2,824	2,628	17,098	11,997	9,379
Professional services
Revenue:
Total revenue	26,510	28,381	28,415	25,747	25,108	24,043	26,836	24,744	109,053	100,731	85,223
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	$ 17,780	$ 19,467	$ 19,015	$ 20,481	$ 18,926	$ 16,831	$ 18,750	$ 18,421	$ 76,743	$ 72,928	$ 55,218

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (10,797)	$ (14,650)	$ (10,051)	$ (15,216)	$ (13,903)	$ (15,028)	$ (10,967)	$ (9,553)	$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,007)
Comprehensive loss, net of income taxes:
Foreign currency translation adjustment									(827)	103	(891)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes									$ (51,541)	$ (49,348)	$ (31,898)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHAN

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated Deficit	Restricted stock units	Restricted stock unitsCommon Stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		34,274,718
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2016	$ (63,492)	$ 3		$ 1,330	$ (64,825)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(31,007)				(31,007)
Accretion of dividends on convertible preferred stock	(357)				(357)
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock (in shares)		18,163,158
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock	48,207	$ 2	$ 48,205
Conversion of convertible preferred stock warrant to common stock warrant	1,191		1,191
Issuance of common stock from initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)		7,187,500
Issuance of common stock from initial public offering, net of issuance costs	$ 77,789	$ 1	77,788
Exercise of common stock warrant (in shares)		79,363
Issuance of common stock to directors (in shares)		14,087
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)						4,930	4,930
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	876,121	876,121
Exercise of stock options	$ 1,108		1,108
Stock-based compensation expense	12,976		12,976
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(891)			(891)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		60,599,877
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2017	45,524	$ 6	141,268	439	(96,189)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(49,451)				(49,451)
Issuance of common stock from initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)		1,675,000
Issuance of common stock from initial public offering, net of issuance costs	$ 57,829		57,829
Issuance of common stock to directors (in shares)		11,952
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)						143,390	143,390
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	1,486,218	1,486,218
Exercise of stock options	$ 3,133		3,133
Stock-based compensation expense	16,054		16,054
Other comprehensive income (loss)	103			103
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		63,916,437
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018	73,192	$ 6	218,284	542	(145,640)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(50,714)				(50,714)
Issuance of common stock from initial public offering, net of issuance costs (in shares)		1,825,000
Issuance of common stock from initial public offering, net of issuance costs	$ 101,303		101,303
Issuance of common stock to directors (in shares)		10,654
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)						521,460	521,460
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	1,194,471	1,194,471
Exercise of stock options	$ 4,899		4,899
Stock-based compensation expense	16,443		16,443
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(827)			(827)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019		67,468,022
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 205,237	$ 6	$ 340,929	$ (285)	$ (135,413)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,007)
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities [Abstract]
Depreciation and amortization	4,742	2,021	886
Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment	146	(4)	0
Bad debt expense	99	211	62
Deferred income taxes	(334)	(218)	(251)
Stock-based compensation	16,443	16,054	12,976
Fair value adjustment for warrant liability	0	0	341
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0	384
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	7,432	(23,332)	(9,716)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	8,972	(1,025)	(4,162)
Deferred commissions	(9,319)	(7,615)	(3,487)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(4,039)	7,461	4,128
Accrued compensation and related benefits	(3,072)	(3)	2,365
Other current liabilities	1,318	1,823	383
Deferred revenue	12,573	23,023	18,344
Operating lease liabilities	6,827
Deferred rent, non-current	0	(266)	(374)
Net cash used in operating activities	(8,926)	(31,321)	(9,128)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(32,421)	(7,014)	(433)
Proceeds from sale of equipment	0	4	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(32,421)	(7,010)	(433)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts	101,653	58,258	0
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts	0	0	80,213
Payment of costs related to public offerings	(350)	(429)	(2,424)
Payment of dividend to Series A preferred stockholders	0	0	(7,565)
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options	4,899	3,133	1,108
Principal payments on finance lease obligations	(653)
Repayment of long-term debt	0	0	(40,000)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs	0	0	19,616
Net cash provided by financing activities	105,549	60,962	50,948
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	623	(1,459)	1,228
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	64,825	21,172	42,615
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	94,930	73,758	31,143
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	159,755	94,930	73,758
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	331	46	515
Cash paid for income taxes	356	680	615
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Finance lease obligations to acquire new office furniture and fixtures and computer hardware	4,475
Accretion of dividends on convertible preferred stock	0	0	357
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Conversion of convertible stock	0	0	48,207
Conversion of convertible preferred stock warrant to common stock warrant
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Conversion of convertible stock	$ 0	$ 0	$ 1,191

Organization and Description of

Organization and Description of Business	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Organization and Description of Business	Organization and Description of BusinessAppian Corporation (together with its subsidiaries, “Appian,” the “Company,” “we” or “our”) provides a low-code automation platform that accelerates the creation of high-impact business applications, enabling our customers to automate the most important aspects of their business. Global organizations use our applications to improve customer experience, achieve operational excellence and simplify global risk management and compliance. We were incorporated in the state of Delaware in August 1999. We are headquartered in Tysons, Virginia and operate in Canada, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Australia, Spain, Singapore and Sweden.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies	Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) as contained in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification” or “ASC”). Use of Estimates The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although we believe that the estimates we use are reasonable, due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual results reported in future periods could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates embedded in the consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, income taxes and the related valuation allowance and stock-based compensation. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Appian and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Initial Public Offering In May 2017, we completed an initial public offering ("IPO"), in which we sold 7,187,500 shares of our newly-authorized Class A common stock at an initial price to the public of $12.00 per share. We received net proceeds of $77.8 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses paid and payable by us, from the IPO. Deferred offering costs of $2.4 million, consisting of legal, accounting and other fees and costs related to our IPO, were recorded to additional paid-in capital as a reduction of the proceeds upon the closing of our IPO. Secondary Offering In November 2017, we completed a secondary offering in which stockholders sold an aggregate of 4,370,000 shares of our Class A common stock at a price of $20.25 per share. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares of our Class A common stock sold in the secondary offering. Public Offerings In August 2018, we completed an underwritten public offering of 2,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock, of which 1,675,000 shares of Class A common stock were sold by us and 325,000 shares of Class A common stock were sold by existing stockholders, at an offering price to the public of $35.15 per share. Our net proceeds from the offering were $57.8 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. In September 2019, we completed an underwritten public offering of 2,329,000 shares of our Class A common stock, of which 1,825,000 shares of Class A common stock were sold by us and 504,000 shares of Class A common stock were sold by existing stockholders. The underwriter purchased the shares from us and the selling stockholders at a price of $55.70 per share. Our net proceeds from the offering were $101.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. Revenue Recognition We generate subscriptions revenue primarily through the sale of SaaS subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support and hosting services and term license subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support. We generate professional services revenue from fees for our consulting services, including application development and deployment assistance and training related to our platform. Because we were an “emerging growth company” until December 31, 2019, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”) allowed us to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We elected to use this extended transition period that allowed us not to adopt Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Updated, or ASU, 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASC 606") in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q during 2019. The 2019 selected quarterly information in Note 14 have been recast in accordance with ASC 606. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method. Under this method of adoption, we recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. Comparative periods were not adjusted. The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 SaaS subscriptions $ 95,028 Term license subscriptions 40,428 Maintenance and support 15,843 Professional services 109,053 Total revenue $ 260,352 Performance Obligations and Timing of Revenue Recognition We primarily sell products and services that fall into the categories discussed below. Each category contains one or more performance obligations that are either (1) capable of being distinct (i.e. the customer can benefit from the product or service on its own or together with readily available resources, including those purchased separately from us) and distinct within the context of the contract (i.e. separately identified from other promises in the contract) or (2) a series of distinct products or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Our term license subscriptions are delivered at a point in time. Our SaaS subscriptions, maintenance and support and professional services are delivered over time. Subscriptions Revenue Subscriptions revenue is primarily related to (1) SaaS subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support and hosting services and (2) term license subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support. We generally charge subscription fees on a per-user basis and, to a lesser degree, non-user based single application licenses. We bill customers and collect payment for subscriptions to our platform in advance on an annual, quarterly or monthly basis. In certain instances, our customers have paid their entire contract up front. SaaS Subscriptions We generate cloud-based subscription revenue primarily from the sales of subscriptions to access our cloud offering, together with related support services to our customers. We perform all required maintenance and support for our cloud offering and we do not separately charge customers for hosting costs. Revenue is recognized on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date the service is made available to the customer. Our cloud-based subscription contracts generally have a term of one three Term License Subscriptions Our term license subscription revenue is derived from customers with on-premises installations of our platform pursuant to contracts that were historically one three Maintenance and Support Maintenance and support subscriptions include both technical support and when-and-if-available software upgrades, which are treated as a single performance obligation as they are considered a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same duration and measure of progress. Revenue from maintenance and support is recognized ratably over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to maintenance and support. Professional Services Our professional services revenue is comprised of fees for consulting services, including application development and deployment assistance and training services related to our platform. Our professional services are considered distinct performance obligations when sold stand alone or with other products. Consulting Services We sell consulting services to assist customers plan and execute deployment of our software. Customers are not required to use consulting services to fully benefit from the software. Consulting services are regularly sold on a standalone basis and either (1) a fixed-fee arrangement or (2) a time and materials basis. Consulting contracts are each considered separate performance obligations because they do not integrate with each other or with other products and services to deliver a combined output to the customer, do not modify or customize (or are not modified or customized by) each other or other products and services, and do not affect the customer's ability to use the other consulting offerings or other products and services. Revenue under consulting contracts is recognized over time as services are delivered. For time and materials-based consulting contracts, we have elected the practical expedient of recognizing revenue upon invoicing since the invoiced amount corresponds directly to the value of our service to-date. Training Services We sell various training services to our customers. Training services are sold in the form of prepaid training credits that are redeemed based on a fixed rate per course. Training revenue is recognized when the associated training services are delivered. Significant Judgments and Estimates Determine the Transaction Price The transaction price includes both fixed and variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The amount of variable consideration excluded from the transaction price for the year ended December 31, 2019 was insignificant. Our estimates of variable consideration are also subject to subsequent true-up adjustments and may result in changes to its transaction prices but such true-up adjustments are not expected to be material. Allocating the Transaction Price Based on Standalone Selling Prices We allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in a contract based on its relative SSP. The SSP is the observable price at which we sell the product or service separately. In the absence of observable pricing, we estimate SSP using the residual approach. We establish SSP as follows: 1. SaaS subscriptions - Given the highly variable selling price of our SaaS subscriptions, we establish the SSP of our SaaS subscriptions using a residual approach after first determining the SSP of consulting and training services. We have concluded that the residual approach to estimate SSP of our SaaS subscriptions is an appropriate allocation of the transaction price. 2. Term license subscriptions - Given the highly variable selling price of our term license subscriptions, we have established SSP of term license subscriptions using a residual approach after first determining the SSP of maintenance and support. Maintenance and support is sold on a standalone basis, with renewals of our legacy perpetual software licenses, within a narrow range of the net license fee and because an economic relationship exists between the license and maintenance and support, we have concluded that the residual approach to estimate SSP of term license subscriptions is an appropriate allocation of the transaction price. 3. Maintenance and support - We establish SSP of maintenance and support as a percentage of the stated net subscription fee based on observable pricing of maintenance and support renewals from our legacy perpetual software licenses. 4. Consulting services and training services - SSP of consulting services and training services is established based on the observable pricing of standalone sales within each geographic region where the services are sold. Contract Balances Timing may differ between the satisfaction of performance obligations and the invoicing and collection of amounts related to our contracts with customers. Contract assets primarily relate to unbilled amounts for contracts with customers for which the amount of revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable when the right to invoice becomes unconditional. As of January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019, contract assets of $25.8 million and $22.8 million, respectively, are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities consists of deferred revenue and include payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized $66.6 million of revenue that was included in deferred revenue as of January 1, 2019. Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding 12-month period is recorded as current, and the remaining deferred revenue is recorded as non-current. Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations As of December 31, 2019, we had an aggregate transaction price of $175.8 million, allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations related to SaaS subscriptions, term license subscriptions and maintenance and support. We expect to recognize $153.7 million as revenue over the next 24 months with the remaining amount recognized thereafter. Transition Disclosures For periods prior to January 1, 2019, we recognized revenue in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition ("ASC 605"). In accordance with the modified retrospective method transition requirements, we will present the financial statement line items impacted and adjusted to compare to presentation under ASC 605 for the annual periods during the first year of adoption of ASC 606. Consolidated Balance Sheets - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands): As of December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 159,755 $ — $ 159,755 $ 94,930 Accounts receivable, net of allowance 70,408 — 70,408 79,383 Deferred commissions, current 14,543 (6,061) 20,604 14,020 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 32,955 16,343 16,612 21,293 Total current assets 277,661 10,282 267,379 209,626 Property and equipment, net 39,554 — 39,554 7,539 Operating right-of-use asset 24,205 — 24,205 — Deferred commissions, net of current portion 28,979 15,780 13,199 15,088 Deferred tax assets 494 — 494 326 Other assets 592 — 592 601 Total assets 371,485 26,062 345,423 233,180 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 5,222 $ — $ 5,222 $ 9,249 Accrued expenses 7,488 — 7,488 7,464 Accrued compensation and related benefits 10,691 — 10,691 13,796 Deferred revenue, current 82,201 (28,985) 111,186 95,523 Operating lease liability, current 3,836 — 3,836 — Finance lease liability, current 1,447 — 1,447 — Other current liabilities 1,395 — 1,395 2,369 Total current liabilities 112,280 (28,985) 141,265 128,401 Operating lease liability, net of current portion 44,416 — 44,416 — Finance lease liability, net of current portion 2,375 — 2,375 — Deferred revenue, net of current portion 7,139 (4,891) 12,030 16,145 Deferred tax liabilities 38 — 38 42 Deferred rent, net of current portion — — — 15,400 Total liabilities 166,248 (33,876) 200,124 159,988 Stockholders’ equity Class A common stock 3 — 3 3 Class B common stock 3 — 3 3 Additional paid-in capital 340,929 — 340,929 218,284 Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (285) 320 (605) 542 Accumulated deficit (135,413) 59,618 (195,031) (145,640) Total stockholders’ equity 205,237 59,938 145,299 73,192 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 371,485 26,062 $ 345,423 $ 233,180 The following summarizes the significant changes on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 compared to if we had continued to recognize revenue under ASC 605: • Total deferred commissions increased $9.7 million due to the increase in the amortization period of costs to obtain a contract for a new customer or up-sell from the contract term to the five year estimated economic life. • Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased $16.3 million and total deferred revenue decreased $33.9 million due to the change in timing of when we recognize revenue under ASC 606. Consolidated Statements of Operations - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Revenue: Subscriptions $ 151,299 $ (8,786) $ 160,085 $ 126,012 Professional services 109,053 2,791 106,262 100,731 Total revenue 260,352 (5,995) 266,347 226,743 Cost of revenue: Subscriptions 17,098 — 17,098 11,997 Professional services 76,743 — 76,743 72,928 Total cost of revenue 93,841 — 93,841 84,925 Gross profit 166,511 (5,995) 172,506 141,818 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 117,440 (4,625) 122,065 105,992 Research and development 58,043 — 58,043 44,724 General and administrative 41,496 — 41,496 37,821 Total operating expenses 216,979 (4,625) 221,604 188,537 Operating loss (50,468) (1,370) (49,098) (46,719) Other (income) expense: Other (income) expense, net (941) (47) (894) 2,295 Interest expense 367 — 367 198 Total other (income) expense (574) (47) (527) 2,493 Loss before income taxes (49,894) (1,323) (48,571) (49,212) Income tax expense 820 — 820 239 Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders: Basic and diluted $ (0.77) $ (0.02) $ (0.75) $ (0.80) The following summarizes the significant changes on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 compared to if we had continued to recognize revenue under ASC 605: • Subscriptions revenue decreased $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the change in timing of when we recognize term license subscription revenue. Additionally, a significant amount of our unrecognized term license subscriptions revenue was recorded as an adjustment to accumulated deficit under ASC 606. Under ASC 606, our term license subscription revenue is recognized at the time of delivery, as opposed to ratably over the contract term under ASC 605. • Professional services revenue increased $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the fact that our professional services are sold together with SaaS or term licenses. Under ASC 606, the professional services represent distinct performance obligations and therefore are recognized as services are performed. Under ASC 605, professional services sold together with term licenses were recognized ratably over the contract period of maintenance and support. • Sales and marketing expense decreased $4.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the increase in the period over which we amortize our deferred sales commissions. Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Comprehensive loss, net of income taxes: Foreign currency translation adjustment (827) 115 (942) 103 Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes $ (51,541) $ (1,208) $ (50,333) $ (49,348) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 4,742 — 4,742 2,021 Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment 146 — 146 (4) Bad debt expense 99 — 99 211 Deferred income taxes (334) — (334) (218) Stock-based compensation 16,443 — 16,443 16,054 Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 7,432 — 7,432 (23,332) Prepaid expenses and other assets 8,972 4,313 4,659 (1,025) Deferred commissions (9,319) (4,625) (4,694) (7,615) Accounts payable and accrued expenses (4,039) — (4,039) 7,461 Accrued compensation and related benefits (3,072) — (3,072) (3) Other current liabilities 1,318 — 1,318 1,823 Deferred revenue 12,573 1,717 10,856 23,023 Operating lease liabilities 6,827 — 6,827 — Deferred rent, non-current — — — (266) Net cash used in operating activities (8,926) 82 (9,008) (31,321) Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment (32,421) — (32,421) (7,014) Proceeds from sale of equipment — — — 4 Net cash used in investing activities (32,421) — (32,421) (7,010) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts 101,653 — 101,653 58,258 Payment of costs related to public offerings (350) — (350) (429) Proceeds from exercise of common stock options 4,899 — 4,899 3,133 Principal payments on finance lease obligations (653) — (653) — Net cash provided by financing activities 105,549 — 105,549 60,962 Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 623 (82) 705 (1,459) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 64,825 — 64,825 21,172 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 94,930 — 94,930 73,758 Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 159,755 — $ 159,755 $ 94,930 Legacy Revenue Accounting Policy For periods prior to January 1, 2019, revenue was recognized in accordance with ASC 605. Under ASC 605, we recognize revenue when all of the following conditions are met: (1) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; (2) the service or product has been provided to the customer; (3) the amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable; and (4) the collection of related fees is reasonably assured. If collection is not reasonably assured, we defer revenue recognition until collectability becomes reasonably assured. Our arrangements do not contain rights of return. Subscriptions Revenue Subscriptions revenue is primarily related to (1) SaaS subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support and hosting services and (2) term license subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support. We generally charge subscription fees on a per-user basis, or alternatively, non-user based single application licenses. We bill customers and collect payment for subscriptions to our platform in advance on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis. In certain instances, our customers have paid their entire contract up front. SaaS Subscriptions Our SaaS subscription revenue is derived from customers accessing our cloud offering pursuant to contracts that are generally one three Term License Subscriptions Our term license subscription revenue is derived from customers with on-premises installations of our platform pursuant to contracts that were historically one three Professional Services Our professional services revenue is comprised of fees for consulting services, including application development and deployment assistance and training related to our platform. Our professional services are not essential to the functionality of our platform because the platform is ready for the customer’s use immediately upon delivery and is not modified or customized in any manner. Consulting services are billed under both time-and-material and fixed-fee arrangements. For standalone time-and-material contracts, we recognize revenue at contractually agreed upon billing rates applied to hours performed. For standalone fixed-fee contracts, we also recognize revenue as the work is performed using the proportional performance method of accounting. Training revenue is recognized when the associated training services are delivered. Training is sold in the form of prepaid training credits that are redeemed based on a fixed rate per course. We defer recognition of revenue from work performed on pending contract modifications until the period in which the modifications are accepted and funding is approved by the customer. Costs of work performed on pending contract modifications are expensed as incurred. Multiple Element Arrangements Our multiple element arrangements are from SaaS subscriptions and term license subscriptions that are generally sold in combination with maintenance and support service and frequently with professional services. SaaS Subscriptions For multiple element arrangements involving SaaS subscriptions that include professional services in addition to the subscription to our platform, we evaluate each element to determine whether it represents a separate unit of accounting. Because there are third-party vendors who routinely sell and provide the same professional services to our customers, our professional services are deemed to have standalone value apart from the SaaS subscription. Additionally, we offer both SaaS subscriptions and professional services on a standalone basis. Professional services revenue is therefore accounted for separately from subscription fees and recognized as the professional services are performed. We allocate revenue to the elements based on the selling price hierarchy using vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE") of selling price, third-party evidence ("TPE") of selling price, or if neither exists, best estimated selling price ("BESP"). In cases where we do not have VSOE or TPE of the elements of our arrangements, we use BESP to allocate revenue. We determine BESP for a service by considering multiple factors including, but not limited to, evaluating the weighted average of actual sales prices and other factors such as gross margin objectives, pricing practices and growth strategy. Pricing practices taken into consideration include historic contractually stated prices, volume discounts where applicable and our price lists. While we believe we can make reliable estimates regarding these matters, these estimates are inherently subjective. Once the revenue is allocated to these elements, revenue is recognized as such services are provided. Term License Subscriptions For multiple element arrangements involving term license subscriptions, maintenance and support and professional services, we do not have VSOE of fair value for the maintenance and support. Our term license subscriptions are generally not sold on a standalone basis, and therefore, we have not established VSOE of fair value for the subscriptions. Consequently, for our bundled arrangements that include certain professional services, there are two undelivered elements for which VSOE of fair value has not been established and, therefore, we utilize the combined services approach and defer all revenue until the software has been delivered and the provision of all services has commenced. We then recognize the entire fee from the arrangement ratably over the remaining period of the arrangement, assuming all other software revenue recognition criteria have been met. Cost of Revenue Subscriptions Cost of subscriptions revenue consists primarily of fees paid to our third-party managed hosting providers and other third-party service providers, personnel costs, including payroll and benefits for our technology operations and customer support teams, and allocated facility costs and overhead. Professional Services Cost of professional services revenue includes all direct and indirect costs to deliver our professional services and training, including employee compensation for our global professional services and training personnel, travel costs, third-party contractor costs and allocated facility costs and overhead, as well as the costs of billable expenses, such as travel and lodging. The unpredictability of the timing of entering into significant professional services agreements sold on a standalone basis may cause significant fluctuations in our quarterly financial results. Concentration of Credit and Customer Risk Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentration of credit and customer risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance, if any, provided on such deposits. We believe that the financial institutions that hold our cash deposits are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to these balances. With regard to our customers, credit evaluation and account monitoring procedures are used to minimize the risk of loss. We believe that no additional credit risk beyond amounts provided for collection loss are inherent in accounts receivable. Revenue generated from government agencies represented 17.1%, 15.7% and 15.4% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of which the top three U.S. federal government agencies generated 7.4%, 7.8% and 8.4% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additionally, 32.3%, 28.7% and 27.0% of our revenue during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, was generated from foreign customers. Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase, as well as overnight repurchase investments, to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable are stated at realizable value, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectability of accounts. We regularly review the composition of the accounts receivable aging, historical bad debts, changes in payment patterns, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make required payments, additional provisions for doubtful accounts would be required and would increase bad debt expense. To date, our allowance and related bad debt write-offs have been nominal. Activity within the allowance for doubtful accounts was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Balance as of January 1 $ 600 $ 400 $ 400 Additions 99 211 62 Less write-offs, net of recoveries (99) (11) (62) Balance as of December 31 $ 600 $ 600 $ 400 Non-trade Receivables We record non-trade receivables to reflect amounts due for activities other than sales of subscriptions to our platform and professional services. Our non-trade receivables related entirely to a receivable resulting from our tenant improvement allowance. The tenant improvement allowance receivable was $14.4 million as of December 31, 2018 and was classified within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We recognized our initial tenant improvement allowance receivable of $15.8 million related to our new headquarters once we took initial possession of the space in October 2018. We recognized additional tenant improvement allowance receivable of $2.6 million when we took possession of adjacent office space in February 2019. We had received the entire tenant improvement allowance of $17.0 million as of December 31, 2019, and therefore, there was no receivable balance remaining as of such date. Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer We capitalize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, including, sales commissions paid to our direct sales force. These costs are recorded as deferred commissions in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs to obtain a contract for a new customer or up-sell are amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated economic life of five years as sales commissions on initial sales are not commensu

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31 (in thousands): 2019 2018 Leasehold improvements $ 37,130 $ 9,958 Office furniture and fixtures 4,963 649 Computer hardware 3,365 2,535 Computer software 1,350 1,727 Equipment 72 138 46,880 15,007 Less: accumulated depreciation (7,326) (7,468) Property and equipment, net $ 39,554 $ 7,539 Depreciation and amortization totaled $4.7 million, $2.0 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we retired $3.2 million of leasehold improvements, $0.9 million of computer hardware, $0.4 million of office furniture and fixtures, $0.4 million of software and $0.1 million of equipment associated with the relocation of our corporate headquarters. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recorded a loss on disposal of $0.1 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we disposed of $0.1 million of fully depreciated computer hardware.

Accrued Expenses

Accrued Expenses	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued Expenses	Accrued Expenses Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of December 31 (in thousands): 2019 2018 Accrued contract labor costs $ 1,921 $ 3,128 Accrued hosting costs 1,865 579 Accrued reimbursable employee expenses 1,353 459 Accrued legal costs 422 — Accrued marketing and tradeshow expenses 365 229 Accrued audit and tax expenses 315 375 Accrued third party license fees 288 729 Other accrued expenses 959 1,965 Total $ 7,488 $ 7,464

Debt

Debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt	Debt 2017 Revolving Line of Credit In November 2017, we entered into a $20.0 million revolving line of credit with a lender. The facility matures in November 2022. We may elect whether amounts drawn on the revolving line of credit bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to either the LIBOR or the prime rate plus an additional interest rate margin that is determined by the availability of the borrowings under the revolving line of credit. The additional interest rate margin will range from 2.00% to 2.50% in the case of LIBOR advances and from 1.00% to 1.50% in the case of prime rate advances. The revolving line of credit contains an unused facility fee in an amount between 0.15% and 0.25% of the average unused portion of the revolving line of credit, which is payable quarterly. The agreement contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants and requires us to maintain

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our loss before income taxes was comprised of the following (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Domestic $ (32,091) $ (30,663) $ (23,093) Foreign (17,803) (18,549) (7,153) Total $ (49,894) $ (49,212) $ (30,246) For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our income tax expense (benefit) was comprised of the following (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Current: Federal $ 3 $ — $ (65) State 60 25 68 Foreign 1,091 432 1,009 Total current expense 1,154 457 1,012 Deferred: Federal — — (42) State — — — Foreign (334) (218) (209) Total deferred benefit (334) (218) (251) Total income tax expense $ 820 $ 239 $ 761 For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rates to our loss before the provision (benefit) for income taxes, as follows: 2019 2018 2017 U.S. federal statutory tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 34.0 % State tax expense 7.1 7.2 4.9 Foreign rate differential (5.1) (5.1) (6.7) Nondeductible expenses (0.7) (0.7) (0.9) Equity compensation 12.0 9.5 — Tax credits 6.5 3.9 5.8 Unrecognized tax benefits (1.1) (0.8) (0.7) Other (0.8) 0.6 (0.3) Remeasurement of deferred taxes (1.6) — (7.0) Change in valuation allowance (38.9) (36.0) (31.6) Total (1.6) % (0.4) % (0.4) % The effective tax rate of (1.6)% in 2019 includes a net $10.2 million of tax expense attributable to the change in the valuation allowance in the United States and Switzerland, partially offset by favorable excess tax benefits for equity compensation and research credits. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of the assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands): 2019 2018 Deferred tax assets: Net operating losses $ 34,875 $ 21,059 Tax credits 8,648 5,945 Deferred revenue 1,291 4,179 Equity compensation 1,668 3,923 Lease liabilities 13,066 — Accrued vacation 409 1,170 Deferred rent — 373 Bad debt 164 164 Depreciation — 151 Other 260 548 Gross deferred tax assets 60,381 37,512 Less: Valuation allowance (35,607) (30,039) Total deferred tax assets 24,774 7,473 Deferred tax liabilities: Prepaid expenses (9,562) (6,640) Right-of-use assets (6,488) — Unbilled receivables (3,849) (419) Depreciation (4,377) — Other (42) (130) Total deferred tax liabilities (24,318) (7,189) Net deferred tax asset $ 456 $ 284 As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $99.3 million and $56.9 million of gross net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards for U.S. federal tax purposes, respectively. U.S. federal NOL carryforwards, in the amount of $24.4 million, generated prior to 2018 will expire, if unused, in 2037. Due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "TCJA"), U.S. federal NOL carryforwards, in the amount of $74.9 million, generated after 2017 have an indefinite carryforward period. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code limits the utilization of the NOL carryforwards when ownership changes occur, as defined by that section. A number of states have similar state laws that limit utilization of the state NOL carryforwards when ownership changes occur. We have performed an analysis of our Section 382 ownership changes and have determined that all U.S. federal and state NOL carryforwards are available for use as of December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $7.5 million and $6.4 million, respectively, of U.S. federal tax credit carryforwards which will expire, if unused, in 2039. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had U.S. gross state NOL carryforwards of $100.9 million and $57.2 million, respectively. We had tax effected state NOL carryforwards of $6.5 million and $3.7 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The majority of state NOL carryforwards generated prior to 2018 will expire, if unused, in 2037. Due to the TCJA, certain state NOL carryforwards generated after 2017 have an indefinite carryforward period. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had foreign gross NOL carryforwards of $62.8 million and $56.3 million, respectively, primarily attributable to our subsidiary in Switzerland. Those NOL carryforwards will begin to expire, if unused, between 2021 to 2026. On May 19, 2019, Swiss voters approved the Federal Act on Tax Reform and AHV Financing (TRAF) which resulted in a change to the Swiss income tax rate, amongst other items. The tax law change is considered enacted in 2019 for U.S. GAAP purposes. We remeasured our Swiss deferred tax balances and offsetting valuation allowance using the enacted tax rates, resulting in an immaterial net tax impact. The net change during the year in the total valuation allowance was $5.6 million, primarily driven by the valuation allowance recorded against the United States and Switzerland deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2019, we continued to maintain a full valuation allowance against U.S. deferred tax assets based on our cumulative operating results as of December 31, 2019, three-year cumulative loss and assessment of our expected future results of operations. We have evaluated all evidence, both positive and negative, in assessing the likelihood of realizability and the negative evidence outweighed the positive evidence. As of December 31, 2019, we have a valuation allowance of $7.3 million against foreign deferred tax assets, primarily for deferred tax assets at our subsidiary in Switzerland. Based on our cumulative operating results as of December 31, 2019, and assessment of our expected future results of operations, we determined that it was not more likely than not that we would be able to realize the deferred tax assets prior to expiration. We plan to distribute previously undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries back to the United States in future years. Upon repatriation of those earnings, if any, we may be subject to taxes, including withholding taxes, net of any applicable foreign tax credits. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability is not practicable. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $1.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively, of which the entire portion would affect our effective tax rate if recognized. The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefit from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Balance as of January 1, 2017 $ 419 Additions for tax positions in current years 232 Additions for tax positions in prior years — Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations — Settlements — Balance as of December 31, 2017 651 Additions for tax positions in current years 388 Additions for tax positions in prior years — Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations — Settlements — Balance as of December 31, 2018 1,039 Additions for tax positions in current years 536 Additions for tax positions in prior years — Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations — Settlements — Balance as of December 31, 2019 $ 1,575 We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized approximately $3 thousand in interest. We did not recognize any interest during the year ended December 31, 2018. The cumulative balance of interest and penalties as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $36 thousand and $33 thousand, respectively. If recognized, approximately $1.6 million and $1.0 million of unrecognized tax benefits would impact the effective tax rate during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will not decrease over the next year. We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. The tax years 2015 through 2019 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which we are subject. There are no open examinations that would have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements. On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 606 and recorded no net impact to retained earnings for the tax effects of the adoption because of the existence of valuation allowances in the United States and Switzerland.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation In May 2017, our board of directors adopted, and our stockholders approved, the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), which became effective as of the date of the final prospectus for our IPO. The 2017 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options to employees, and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, stock appreciation rights, performance-based stock awards and other forms of equity compensation to employees, including officers, and to non-employee directors and consultants. We initially reserved 6,421,442 shares of Class A common stock for issuance under the 2017 Plan, which included 421,442 shares that remained available for issuance under our 2007 Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Plan”) at the time that the 2017 Plan became effective. The number of shares reserved under the 2017 Plan increases for any shares subject to outstanding awards originally granted under the 2007 Plan that expire or are forfeited prior to exercise. As a result of the adoption of the 2017 Plan, no further grants may be made under the 2007 Plan. As of December 31, 2019, there were 7,108,049 shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the 2017 Plan, of which 4,668,941 were available to be issued. We estimate the fair value of stock options containing only a service condition using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model, which requires the use of subjective assumptions, including the expected term of the option, the current price of the underlying stock, the expected stock price volatility, expected dividend yield and the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option. The expected term represents the period of time the stock options are expected to be outstanding. Due to the lack of sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to otherwise estimate the expected term of the stock options, we use the simplified method to estimate the expected term for our stock options. Under the simplified method, the expected term of an option is presumed to be the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. Expected volatility is based on historical volatilities for publicly traded stock of comparable companies over the estimated expected term of the stock options. We assume no dividend yield because dividends are not expected to be paid in the near future, which is consistent with our history of not paying dividends. In May 2019, our board of directors granted a stock option to purchase 700,000 shares of our Class A common stock to our Chief Executive Officer (the "2019 CEO Grant") under the 2017 Plan with an exercise price of $33.98 per share. The 2019 CEO Grant is eligible to vest based on the achievement of a stock price appreciation target of our Class A common stock. Specifically, the 2019 CEO Grant will vest when shares of our Class A common stock closes at or above $84.63 per share for a period equal to or greater than 90 calendar days or upon the occurrence of a change in control in which the value of our Class A common stock is equal to or greater than $84.63 per share within five years of the grant date. The fair value of the 2019 CEO Grant was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value of the award at the grant date was $9.5 million and will be amortized over the derived service period of 2.6 years. The following table summarizes the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 2019 2018 2017 Risk-free interest rate 2.1% * 1.9% - 2.2% Expected term (in years) 2.6 * 6.5 Expected volatility 55.0% * 38.1% - 40.6% Expected dividend yield —% * —% * Not applicable because no stock options were granted during the period. Stock Options The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding at January 1, 2017 6,784,448 $ 4.65 6.5 $ 44,259 Granted 1,256,200 11.92 Exercised (876,121) 1.27 14,807 Canceled (153,640) 7.29 Outstanding at December 31, 2017 7,010,887 6.36 6.6 176,122 Granted — — Exercised (1,486,218) 2.10 41,606 Canceled (503,601) 9.51 Outstanding at December 31, 2018 5,021,068 7.30 6.4 97,440 Granted 700,000 33.98 Exercised (1,194,471) 4.11 44,081 Canceled (67,986) 10.17 Outstanding at December 31, 2019 4,458,611 12.30 5.8 115,501 Exercisable at December 31, 2019 2,818,731 7.51 5.7 86,536 The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2017 was $13.57 and $5.05 per option, respectively. No stock options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2018. The total fair value of stock options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $2.0 million, $10.5 million and $5.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the total compensation cost related to unvested stock options not yet recognized was $8.4 million, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years. Restricted Stock Units The following table summarizes the restricted stock unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested outstanding at January 1, 2017 — $ — Granted 738,055 22.15 Vested (4,930) 20.24 Canceled (1,150) 21.40 Non-vested outstanding at December 31, 2017 731,975 22.16 Granted 622,166 29.60 Vested (143,390) 22.19 Canceled (35,702) 23.97 Non-vested outstanding at December 31, 2018 1,175,049 26.04 Granted 436,912 40.70 Vested (521,460) 27.81 Canceled (67,666) 26.38 Non-vested outstanding at December 31, 2019 1,022,835 31.39 As of December 31, 2019, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock units was approximately $28.8 million and the weighted average remaining vesting period was 2.4 years. In November 2018, our board of directors approved the grant of 255,930 restricted stock units under the 2017 Plan at a fair value of $30.06 per share to our three co-founders. The value of these awards at the grant date was $7.7 million and was amortized over the vesting periods. The restricted stock units vested during the three months ended March 31, 2019. The following table summarizes the components of our stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options $ 3,408 $ 7,947 $ 9,607 Stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units 12,667 7,714 753 Stock-based compensation expense related to the issuance of common stock to directors 368 393 222 Stock-based compensation expense related to stock option modifications — — 2,394 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 16,443 $ 16,054 $ 12,976 Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units, stock options and issuances of common stock is included in the following line items in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Cost of revenue Subscriptions $ 647 $ 514 $ 575 Professional services 2,748 1,717 1,295 Operating expenses Sales and marketing 4,742 3,473 3,233 Research and development 3,480 2,416 2,822 General and administrative 4,826 7,934 5,051 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 16,443 $ 16,054 $ 12,976

Stockholders_ Equity

Stockholders’ Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders’ Equity	Stockholders’ Equity Common Stock As of December 31, 2019, we had authorized 500,000,000 shares of Class A common stock and 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, each with a par value of $0.0001 per share, of which 34,525,386 shares of Class A common stock and 32,942,636 shares of Class B common stock were issued and outstanding. The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion rights. The holders of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share, and the holders of Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share, on all matters that are subject to stockholder vote. The holders of Class B common stock also have approval rights for certain corporate actions. Each share of Class B common stock may be converted into one share of Class A common stock at the option of its holder and will be automatically converted into one share of Class A common stock upon transfer thereof, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, upon the date on which the outstanding shares of Class B common stock represent less than 10% of the aggregate voting power of our capital stock, all outstanding shares of Class B common stock shall convert automatically into Class A common stock.

Basic and Diluted Loss per Comm

Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share	Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the years ended December 31 (in thousands, except per share data): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Numerator: Net loss $ (50,714) $ (49,451) $ (31,007) Accretion of dividends on convertible preferred stock — — 357 Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (50,714) $ (49,451) $ (31,364) Denominator Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted 65,479,327 62,140,684 49,529,833 Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted $ (0.77) $ (0.80) $ (0.63) The following securities have been excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding because the effect is anti-dilutive or performance or market conditions had not been met at the end of the period: Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Stock options 4,458,611 5,021,068 7,010,887 Restricted stock units 1,022,835 1,175,049 731,975

Leases and Other Commitments

Leases and Other Commitments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
Leases and Other Commitments	Leases and Other Commitments We have operating and finance leases for corporate offices, office furniture and fixtures and computer hardware. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 12 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 5 years. In April 2018, we entered into a lease agreement with respect to 176,222 square feet of office space in Tysons, Virginia for a new corporate headquarters. The term of the lease was 150 months. We took initial possession of the first phase of the new headquarters in October 2018 and began to recognize rent expense. We took possession of 28,805 square feet of adjacent office space in February 2019. We expect to start making recurring rental payments under the lease in the third quarter of 2020. The following table sets forth the components of lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Operating lease cost $ 9,733 Finance lease costs: Amortization of right-of-use assets 700 Interest on lease liabilities 108 Short-term lease cost 462 Variable lease cost 409 Total $ 11,412 Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands, except for lease term and discount rate): As of December 31, 2019 Operating Leases Operating ROU assets $ 24,205 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 3,836 Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 44,416 Total operating lease liabilities $ 48,252 Finance Leases Property and equipment, at cost $ 4,475 Accumulated depreciation (703) Property and equipment, net $ 3,772 Finance lease liabilities, current $ 1,447 Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion 2,375 Total finance lease liabilities $ 3,822 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term Operating leases 11.4 Finance leases 2.5 Weighted Average Discount Rate Operating leases 9.8 % Finance leases 5.5 % Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash outflows for operating leases $ 6,413 Operating cash outflows for finance leases 108 Financing cash outflows for finance leases 653 ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases 523 Finance leases 4,475 The maturities of lease liabilities under non-cancelable operating and finance leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases Finance Leases 2020 $ 3,781 $ 1,620 2021 6,896 1,620 2022 7,007 859 2023 7,050 — 2024 7,408 — Thereafter 57,884 — Total lease payments 90,026 4,099 Less: imputed interest (41,774) (277) Total $ 48,252 $ 3,822 A summary of our future minimum lease commitments and other commitments by year as of December 31, 2018 was as follows (in thousands): Office Leases Equipment Leases Lease Related Commitments 2019 $ 6,985 $ 216 $ 29,587 2020 6,371 22 — 2021 8,331 — — 2022 6,939 — — 2023 6,987 — — Thereafter 65,151 — — 100,764 238 29,587 Less: tenant improvement allowance — — (14,441) Total $ 100,764 $ 238 $ 15,146 Other Commitments We also have entered into a non-cancellable agreement for the use of technology that is integral in the development of our software and pay annual royalty fees of $0.3 million. Letters of Credit At each of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $10.5 million in connection with securing our leased office space. All letters of credit are secured by our borrowing arrangement as described in Note 5.
Leases and Other Commitments	Leases and Other Commitments We have operating and finance leases for corporate offices, office furniture and fixtures and computer hardware. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 12 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 5 years. In April 2018, we entered into a lease agreement with respect to 176,222 square feet of office space in Tysons, Virginia for a new corporate headquarters. The term of the lease was 150 months. We took initial possession of the first phase of the new headquarters in October 2018 and began to recognize rent expense. We took possession of 28,805 square feet of adjacent office space in February 2019. We expect to start making recurring rental payments under the lease in the third quarter of 2020. The following table sets forth the components of lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Operating lease cost $ 9,733 Finance lease costs: Amortization of right-of-use assets 700 Interest on lease liabilities 108 Short-term lease cost 462 Variable lease cost 409 Total $ 11,412 Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands, except for lease term and discount rate): As of December 31, 2019 Operating Leases Operating ROU assets $ 24,205 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 3,836 Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 44,416 Total operating lease liabilities $ 48,252 Finance Leases Property and equipment, at cost $ 4,475 Accumulated depreciation (703) Property and equipment, net $ 3,772 Finance lease liabilities, current $ 1,447 Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion 2,375 Total finance lease liabilities $ 3,822 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term Operating leases 11.4 Finance leases 2.5 Weighted Average Discount Rate Operating leases 9.8 % Finance leases 5.5 % Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash outflows for operating leases $ 6,413 Operating cash outflows for finance leases 108 Financing cash outflows for finance leases 653 ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases 523 Finance leases 4,475 The maturities of lease liabilities under non-cancelable operating and finance leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases Finance Leases 2020 $ 3,781 $ 1,620 2021 6,896 1,620 2022 7,007 859 2023 7,050 — 2024 7,408 — Thereafter 57,884 — Total lease payments 90,026 4,099 Less: imputed interest (41,774) (277) Total $ 48,252 $ 3,822 A summary of our future minimum lease commitments and other commitments by year as of December 31, 2018 was as follows (in thousands): Office Leases Equipment Leases Lease Related Commitments 2019 $ 6,985 $ 216 $ 29,587 2020 6,371 22 — 2021 8,331 — — 2022 6,939 — — 2023 6,987 — — Thereafter 65,151 — — 100,764 238 29,587 Less: tenant improvement allowance — — (14,441) Total $ 100,764 $ 238 $ 15,146 Other Commitments We also have entered into a non-cancellable agreement for the use of technology that is integral in the development of our software and pay annual royalty fees of $0.3 million. Letters of Credit At each of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $10.5 million in connection with securing our leased office space. All letters of credit are secured by our borrowing arrangement as described in Note 5.

Contingencies

Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Contingencies	Contingencies Legal From time to time, we are subject to legal, regulatory and other proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. There are no issues or resolutions of any matters that are expected to have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements. Contractual Warranty and Indemnification Obligations We provide limited product warranties. Historically, any payments made under these provisions have been immaterial. We also agree to standard indemnification provisions in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these provisions, we agree to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally our customers, in connection with certain intellectual property infringement claims by any third party arising from the use of our products or services in accordance with the agreement. The term of our contractual indemnity provisions often survives termination or expiration of the applicable agreement. We carry insurance that covers certain third-party claims relating to our services and limits our exposure. We have never incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification provisions.

Segment and Geographic Informat

Segment and Geographic Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment and Geographic Information	Segment and Geographic Information The following table summarizes revenue by geography for the years ended December 31 (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Domestic $ 176,187 $ 161,716 $ 128,997 International 84,165 65,027 47,740 Total $ 260,352 $ 226,743 $ 176,737 With respect to geographic information, revenue is attributed to respective geographies based on the contracting address of the customer. Revenue from external customers attributed to the United Kingdom were 12.2% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no individual foreign countries from which more than 10% of our total revenue was attributable for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. Substantially all of our long-lived assets were held in the United States as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Retirement Plans

Retirement Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Retirement Plans	Retirement Plans We have a defined contribution 401(k) retirement and savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”) to provide retirement benefits for all eligible employees. All employees who have completed forty-five days of service and are at least twenty-one years of age are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan. The 401(k) Plan allows eligible employees to make salary-deferred contributions up to 75% of their annual compensation, as defined, and subject to certain Internal Revenue Service limitations. Employer contributions vest at 25% per year, over four For th e years ending December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we incurred $5.5 million, $4.7 million and $3.3 million, respectively, in contribution expense related to the employer matching contributions.

Selected Quarterly Information

Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited)	Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited) The following table sets forth unaudited quarterly consolidated statement of operations data for each of the eight quarters in 2019 and 2018. The information for each of these quarters has been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In our opinion, the quarterly financial data reflects all adjustments, which consist only of normal recurring adjustments that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of this data. The quarterly financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of our operating results to be expected in the future. Three Months Ended Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018 (in thousands) (unaudited) Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: Revenue: (1) Subscriptions $ 42,108 $ 37,774 $ 36,860 $ 34,557 $ 35,108 $ 30,905 $ 33,047 $ 26,952 Professional services 26,510 28,381 28,415 25,747 25,108 24,043 26,836 24,744 Total revenue 68,618 66,155 65,275 60,304 60,216 54,948 59,883 51,696 Cost of revenue: Subscriptions 4,993 4,484 4,036 3,585 3,284 3,261 2,824 2,628 Professional services 17,780 19,467 19,015 20,481 18,926 16,831 18,750 18,421 Total cost of revenue 22,773 23,951 23,051 24,066 22,210 20,092 21,574 21,049 Gross profit 45,845 42,204 42,224 36,238 38,006 34,856 38,309 30,647 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 31,254 27,603 29,992 28,591 30,177 25,467 27,384 22,964 Research and development 15,625 15,697 12,765 13,956 12,332 11,737 10,785 9,870 General and administrative 12,028 11,191 9,261 9,016 8,799 12,537 8,425 8,060 Total operating expenses 58,907 54,491 52,018 51,563 51,308 49,741 46,594 40,894 Operating loss (13,062) (12,287) (9,794) (15,325) (13,302) (14,885) (8,285) (10,247) Other (income) expense: Other (income) expense, net (2,822) 2,262 (79) (302) 510 110 2,593 (918) Interest expense 131 96 69 71 64 67 54 13 Total other (income) expense (2,691) 2,358 (10) (231) 574 177 2,647 (905) Loss before income taxes (10,371) (14,645) (9,784) (15,094) (13,876) (15,062) (10,932) (9,342) Income tax expense (benefit) 426 5 267 122 27 (34) 35 211 Net loss (2) $ (10,797) $ (14,650) $ (10,051) $ (15,216) $ (13,903) $ (15,028) $ (10,967) $ (9,553) (1) The revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2019 have been adjusted from previously reported revenue as a result of the adoption of ASC 606. Refer to the tables below for a reconciliation of 2019 quarterly revenue. (2) In the third quarter of 2018, we recorded $4.5 million of cumulative stock-based compensation expense upon the vesting of an option previously granted to our Chief Executive Officer in 2016. See Note 7 for further discussion of

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent EventsIn January 2020, we acquired a developer of a robotic process automation platform for $7.0 million. The acquisition will be accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting with the operations of the newly acquired entity included in our operating results from the date of acquisition. The Company entered into the Lease Second Amendment, effective as of January 1, 2020, which modified the Lease for the Company’s headquarters in Tysons, Virginia. Under the Lease Second Amendment, the Company exercised an option to expand its lease to the Fourth Floor, adding approximately 34,158 square feet to the premises. The Company will commence occupancy of the Fourth Floor on the sooner of the completion of certain improvements to the Fourth Floor and October 14, 2020. The monthly base rent for the Fourth Floor will be $87,388 for the first 27 months of the lease term, subject to periodic increases thereafter.

Significant Accounting Polici_2

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of PresentationThe accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) as contained in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification” or “ASC”)
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although we believe that the estimates we use are reasonable, due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual results reported in future periods could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates embedded in the consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, income taxes and the related valuation allowance and stock-based compensation.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Appian and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Revenue Recognition and Cost of Revenue	Revenue Recognition We generate subscriptions revenue primarily through the sale of SaaS subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support and hosting services and term license subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support. We generate professional services revenue from fees for our consulting services, including application development and deployment assistance and training related to our platform. Because we were an “emerging growth company” until December 31, 2019, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”) allowed us to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. We elected to use this extended transition period that allowed us not to adopt Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Updated, or ASU, 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASC 606") in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q during 2019. The 2019 selected quarterly information in Note 14 have been recast in accordance with ASC 606. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method. Under this method of adoption, we recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. Comparative periods were not adjusted. The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 SaaS subscriptions $ 95,028 Term license subscriptions 40,428 Maintenance and support 15,843 Professional services 109,053 Total revenue $ 260,352 Performance Obligations and Timing of Revenue Recognition We primarily sell products and services that fall into the categories discussed below. Each category contains one or more performance obligations that are either (1) capable of being distinct (i.e. the customer can benefit from the product or service on its own or together with readily available resources, including those purchased separately from us) and distinct within the context of the contract (i.e. separately identified from other promises in the contract) or (2) a series of distinct products or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Our term license subscriptions are delivered at a point in time. Our SaaS subscriptions, maintenance and support and professional services are delivered over time. Subscriptions Revenue Subscriptions revenue is primarily related to (1) SaaS subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support and hosting services and (2) term license subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support. We generally charge subscription fees on a per-user basis and, to a lesser degree, non-user based single application licenses. We bill customers and collect payment for subscriptions to our platform in advance on an annual, quarterly or monthly basis. In certain instances, our customers have paid their entire contract up front. SaaS Subscriptions We generate cloud-based subscription revenue primarily from the sales of subscriptions to access our cloud offering, together with related support services to our customers. We perform all required maintenance and support for our cloud offering and we do not separately charge customers for hosting costs. Revenue is recognized on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date the service is made available to the customer. Our cloud-based subscription contracts generally have a term of one three Term License Subscriptions Our term license subscription revenue is derived from customers with on-premises installations of our platform pursuant to contracts that were historically one three Maintenance and Support Maintenance and support subscriptions include both technical support and when-and-if-available software upgrades, which are treated as a single performance obligation as they are considered a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same duration and measure of progress. Revenue from maintenance and support is recognized ratably over the contract period, which is the period over which the customer has continuous access to maintenance and support. Professional Services Our professional services revenue is comprised of fees for consulting services, including application development and deployment assistance and training services related to our platform. Our professional services are considered distinct performance obligations when sold stand alone or with other products. Consulting Services We sell consulting services to assist customers plan and execute deployment of our software. Customers are not required to use consulting services to fully benefit from the software. Consulting services are regularly sold on a standalone basis and either (1) a fixed-fee arrangement or (2) a time and materials basis. Consulting contracts are each considered separate performance obligations because they do not integrate with each other or with other products and services to deliver a combined output to the customer, do not modify or customize (or are not modified or customized by) each other or other products and services, and do not affect the customer's ability to use the other consulting offerings or other products and services. Revenue under consulting contracts is recognized over time as services are delivered. For time and materials-based consulting contracts, we have elected the practical expedient of recognizing revenue upon invoicing since the invoiced amount corresponds directly to the value of our service to-date. Training Services We sell various training services to our customers. Training services are sold in the form of prepaid training credits that are redeemed based on a fixed rate per course. Training revenue is recognized when the associated training services are delivered. Significant Judgments and Estimates Determine the Transaction Price The transaction price includes both fixed and variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The amount of variable consideration excluded from the transaction price for the year ended December 31, 2019 was insignificant. Our estimates of variable consideration are also subject to subsequent true-up adjustments and may result in changes to its transaction prices but such true-up adjustments are not expected to be material. Allocating the Transaction Price Based on Standalone Selling Prices We allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in a contract based on its relative SSP. The SSP is the observable price at which we sell the product or service separately. In the absence of observable pricing, we estimate SSP using the residual approach. We establish SSP as follows: 1. SaaS subscriptions - Given the highly variable selling price of our SaaS subscriptions, we establish the SSP of our SaaS subscriptions using a residual approach after first determining the SSP of consulting and training services. We have concluded that the residual approach to estimate SSP of our SaaS subscriptions is an appropriate allocation of the transaction price. 2. Term license subscriptions - Given the highly variable selling price of our term license subscriptions, we have established SSP of term license subscriptions using a residual approach after first determining the SSP of maintenance and support. Maintenance and support is sold on a standalone basis, with renewals of our legacy perpetual software licenses, within a narrow range of the net license fee and because an economic relationship exists between the license and maintenance and support, we have concluded that the residual approach to estimate SSP of term license subscriptions is an appropriate allocation of the transaction price. 3. Maintenance and support - We establish SSP of maintenance and support as a percentage of the stated net subscription fee based on observable pricing of maintenance and support renewals from our legacy perpetual software licenses. 4. Consulting services and training services - SSP of consulting services and training services is established based on the observable pricing of standalone sales within each geographic region where the services are sold. Contract Balances Timing may differ between the satisfaction of performance obligations and the invoicing and collection of amounts related to our contracts with customers. Contract assets primarily relate to unbilled amounts for contracts with customers for which the amount of revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable when the right to invoice becomes unconditional. As of January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019, contract assets of $25.8 million and $22.8 million, respectively, are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities consists of deferred revenue and include payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized $66.6 million of revenue that was included in deferred revenue as of January 1, 2019. Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding 12-month period is recorded as current, and the remaining deferred revenue is recorded as non-current. Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations As of December 31, 2019, we had an aggregate transaction price of $175.8 million, allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations related to SaaS subscriptions, term license subscriptions and maintenance and support. We expect to recognize $153.7 million as revenue over the next 24 months with the remaining amount recognized thereafter. Transition Disclosures For periods prior to January 1, 2019, we recognized revenue in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition ("ASC 605"). In accordance with the modified retrospective method transition requirements, we will present the financial statement line items impacted and adjusted to compare to presentation under ASC 605 for the annual periods during the first year of adoption of ASC 606. Consolidated Balance Sheets - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands): As of December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 159,755 $ — $ 159,755 $ 94,930 Accounts receivable, net of allowance 70,408 — 70,408 79,383 Deferred commissions, current 14,543 (6,061) 20,604 14,020 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 32,955 16,343 16,612 21,293 Total current assets 277,661 10,282 267,379 209,626 Property and equipment, net 39,554 — 39,554 7,539 Operating right-of-use asset 24,205 — 24,205 — Deferred commissions, net of current portion 28,979 15,780 13,199 15,088 Deferred tax assets 494 — 494 326 Other assets 592 — 592 601 Total assets 371,485 26,062 345,423 233,180 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 5,222 $ — $ 5,222 $ 9,249 Accrued expenses 7,488 — 7,488 7,464 Accrued compensation and related benefits 10,691 — 10,691 13,796 Deferred revenue, current 82,201 (28,985) 111,186 95,523 Operating lease liability, current 3,836 — 3,836 — Finance lease liability, current 1,447 — 1,447 — Other current liabilities 1,395 — 1,395 2,369 Total current liabilities 112,280 (28,985) 141,265 128,401 Operating lease liability, net of current portion 44,416 — 44,416 — Finance lease liability, net of current portion 2,375 — 2,375 — Deferred revenue, net of current portion 7,139 (4,891) 12,030 16,145 Deferred tax liabilities 38 — 38 42 Deferred rent, net of current portion — — — 15,400 Total liabilities 166,248 (33,876) 200,124 159,988 Stockholders’ equity Class A common stock 3 — 3 3 Class B common stock 3 — 3 3 Additional paid-in capital 340,929 — 340,929 218,284 Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (285) 320 (605) 542 Accumulated deficit (135,413) 59,618 (195,031) (145,640) Total stockholders’ equity 205,237 59,938 145,299 73,192 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 371,485 26,062 $ 345,423 $ 233,180 The following summarizes the significant changes on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 compared to if we had continued to recognize revenue under ASC 605: • Total deferred commissions increased $9.7 million due to the increase in the amortization period of costs to obtain a contract for a new customer or up-sell from the contract term to the five year estimated economic life. • Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased $16.3 million and total deferred revenue decreased $33.9 million due to the change in timing of when we recognize revenue under ASC 606. Consolidated Statements of Operations - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Revenue: Subscriptions $ 151,299 $ (8,786) $ 160,085 $ 126,012 Professional services 109,053 2,791 106,262 100,731 Total revenue 260,352 (5,995) 266,347 226,743 Cost of revenue: Subscriptions 17,098 — 17,098 11,997 Professional services 76,743 — 76,743 72,928 Total cost of revenue 93,841 — 93,841 84,925 Gross profit 166,511 (5,995) 172,506 141,818 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 117,440 (4,625) 122,065 105,992 Research and development 58,043 — 58,043 44,724 General and administrative 41,496 — 41,496 37,821 Total operating expenses 216,979 (4,625) 221,604 188,537 Operating loss (50,468) (1,370) (49,098) (46,719) Other (income) expense: Other (income) expense, net (941) (47) (894) 2,295 Interest expense 367 — 367 198 Total other (income) expense (574) (47) (527) 2,493 Loss before income taxes (49,894) (1,323) (48,571) (49,212) Income tax expense 820 — 820 239 Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders: Basic and diluted $ (0.77) $ (0.02) $ (0.75) $ (0.80) The following summarizes the significant changes on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 compared to if we had continued to recognize revenue under ASC 605: • Subscriptions revenue decreased $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the change in timing of when we recognize term license subscription revenue. Additionally, a significant amount of our unrecognized term license subscriptions revenue was recorded as an adjustment to accumulated deficit under ASC 606. Under ASC 606, our term license subscription revenue is recognized at the time of delivery, as opposed to ratably over the contract term under ASC 605. • Professional services revenue increased $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the fact that our professional services are sold together with SaaS or term licenses. Under ASC 606, the professional services represent distinct performance obligations and therefore are recognized as services are performed. Under ASC 605, professional services sold together with term licenses were recognized ratably over the contract period of maintenance and support. • Sales and marketing expense decreased $4.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the increase in the period over which we amortize our deferred sales commissions. Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Comprehensive loss, net of income taxes: Foreign currency translation adjustment (827) 115 (942) 103 Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes $ (51,541) $ (1,208) $ (50,333) $ (49,348) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Reconciliation of the Impacts from the Adoption of the New Revenue Recognition Standard The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 4,742 — 4,742 2,021 Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment 146 — 146 (4) Bad debt expense 99 — 99 211 Deferred income taxes (334) — (334) (218) Stock-based compensation 16,443 — 16,443 16,054 Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 7,432 — 7,432 (23,332) Prepaid expenses and other assets 8,972 4,313 4,659 (1,025) Deferred commissions (9,319) (4,625) (4,694) (7,615) Accounts payable and accrued expenses (4,039) — (4,039) 7,461 Accrued compensation and related benefits (3,072) — (3,072) (3) Other current liabilities 1,318 — 1,318 1,823 Deferred revenue 12,573 1,717 10,856 23,023 Operating lease liabilities 6,827 — 6,827 — Deferred rent, non-current — — — (266) Net cash used in operating activities (8,926) 82 (9,008) (31,321) Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment (32,421) — (32,421) (7,014) Proceeds from sale of equipment — — — 4 Net cash used in investing activities (32,421) — (32,421) (7,010) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts 101,653 — 101,653 58,258 Payment of costs related to public offerings (350) — (350) (429) Proceeds from exercise of common stock options 4,899 — 4,899 3,133 Principal payments on finance lease obligations (653) — (653) — Net cash provided by financing activities 105,549 — 105,549 60,962 Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 623 (82) 705 (1,459) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 64,825 — 64,825 21,172 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 94,930 — 94,930 73,758 Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 159,755 — $ 159,755 $ 94,930 Legacy Revenue Accounting Policy For periods prior to January 1, 2019, revenue was recognized in accordance with ASC 605. Under ASC 605, we recognize revenue when all of the following conditions are met: (1) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; (2) the service or product has been provided to the customer; (3) the amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable; and (4) the collection of related fees is reasonably assured. If collection is not reasonably assured, we defer revenue recognition until collectability becomes reasonably assured. Our arrangements do not contain rights of return. Subscriptions Revenue Subscriptions revenue is primarily related to (1) SaaS subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support and hosting services and (2) term license subscriptions bundled with maintenance and support. We generally charge subscription fees on a per-user basis, or alternatively, non-user based single application licenses. We bill customers and collect payment for subscriptions to our platform in advance on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis. In certain instances, our customers have paid their entire contract up front. SaaS Subscriptions Our SaaS subscription revenue is derived from customers accessing our cloud offering pursuant to contracts that are generally one three Term License Subscriptions Our term license subscription revenue is derived from customers with on-premises installations of our platform pursuant to contracts that were historically one three Professional Services Our professional services revenue is comprised of fees for consulting services, including application development and deployment assistance and training related to our platform. Our professional services are not essential to the functionality of our platform because the platform is ready for the customer’s use immediately upon delivery and is not modified or customized in any manner. Consulting services are billed under both time-and-material and fixed-fee arrangements. For standalone time-and-material contracts, we recognize revenue at contractually agreed upon billing rates applied to hours performed. For standalone fixed-fee contracts, we also recognize revenue as the work is performed using the proportional performance method of accounting. Training revenue is recognized when the associated training services are delivered. Training is sold in the form of prepaid training credits that are redeemed based on a fixed rate per course. We defer recognition of revenue from work performed on pending contract modifications until the period in which the modifications are accepted and funding is approved by the customer. Costs of work performed on pending contract modifications are expensed as incurred. Multiple Element Arrangements Our multiple element arrangements are from SaaS subscriptions and term license subscriptions that are generally sold in combination with maintenance and support service and frequently with professional services. SaaS Subscriptions For multiple element arrangements involving SaaS subscriptions that include professional services in addition to the subscription to our platform, we evaluate each element to determine whether it represents a separate unit of accounting. Because there are third-party vendors who routinely sell and provide the same professional services to our customers, our professional services are deemed to have standalone value apart from the SaaS subscription. Additionally, we offer both SaaS subscriptions and professional services on a standalone basis. Professional services revenue is therefore accounted for separately from subscription fees and recognized as the professional services are performed. We allocate revenue to the elements based on the selling price hierarchy using vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE") of selling price, third-party evidence ("TPE") of selling price, or if neither exists, best estimated selling price ("BESP"). In cases where we do not have VSOE or TPE of the elements of our arrangements, we use BESP to allocate revenue. We determine BESP for a service by considering multiple factors including, but not limited to, evaluating the weighted average of actual sales prices and other factors such as gross margin objectives, pricing practices and growth strategy. Pricing practices taken into consideration include historic contractually stated prices, volume discounts where applicable and our price lists. While we believe we can make reliable estimates regarding these matters, these estimates are inherently subjective. Once the revenue is allocated to these elements, revenue is recognized as such services are provided. Term License Subscriptions For multiple element arrangements involving term license subscriptions, maintenance and support and professional services, we do not have VSOE of fair value for the maintenance and support. Our term license subscriptions are generally not sold on a standalone basis, and therefore, we have not established VSOE of fair value for the subscriptions. Consequently, for our bundled arrangements that include certain professional services, there are two undelivered elements for which VSOE of fair value has not been established and, therefore, we utilize the combined services approach and defer all revenue until the software has been delivered and the provision of all services has commenced. We then recognize the entire fee from the arrangement ratably over the remaining period of the arrangement, assuming all other software revenue recognition criteria have been met. Cost of Revenue Subscriptions Cost of subscriptions revenue consists primarily of fees paid to our third-party managed hosting providers and other third-party service providers, personnel costs, including payroll and benefits for our technology operations and customer support teams, and allocated facility costs and overhead. Professional Services Cost of professional services revenue includes all direct and indirect costs to deliver our professional services and training, including employee compensation for our global professional services and training personnel, travel costs, third-party contractor costs and allocated facility costs and overhead, as well as the costs of billable expenses, such as travel and lodging. The unpredictability of the timing of entering into significant professional services agreements sold on a standalone basis may cause significant fluctuations in our quarterly financial results.
Concentration of Credit and Customer Risk	Concentration of Credit and Customer Risk Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentration of credit and customer risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance, if any, provided on such deposits. We believe that the financial institutions that hold our cash deposits are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to these balances.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash EquivalentsWe consider all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase, as well as overnight repurchase investments, to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Non-Trade Receivables	Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable are stated at realizable value, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectability of accounts. We regularly review the composition of the accounts receivable aging, historical bad debts, changes in payment patterns, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make required payments, additional provisions for doubtful accounts would be required and would increase bad debt expense. To date, our allowance and related bad debt write-offs have been nominal. Activity within the allowance for doubtful accounts was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Balance as of January 1 $ 600 $ 400 $ 400 Additions 99 211 62 Less write-offs, net of recoveries (99) (11) (62) Balance as of December 31 $ 600 $ 600 $ 400 Non-trade Receivables
Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer	Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer We capitalize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, including, sales commissions paid to our direct sales force. These costs are recorded as deferred commissions in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs to obtain a contract for a new customer or up-sell are amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated economic life of five years as sales commissions on initial sales are not commensurate with sales commissions on contract renewals. We determined the estimated economic life based on both qualitative and quantitative factors, such as expected renewals, product life cycles, contractual terms and customer attrition. We periodically review the carrying amount of deferred contract acquisition costs to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could impact the estimated economic life. Commissions paid relating to contract renewals are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the related renewal period. We also capitalize the incremental fringe benefits associated with commission expenses paid to our direct sales force. Costs to obtain a contract for professional services arrangements are expensed as incurred in accordance with the practical expedient as the contractual period of our professional services arrangements are one year or less.
Property and Equipment	Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Significant additions or improvements extending the useful life of an asset are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance costs which do not significantly improve the related assets or extend their useful lives are charged to expense as incurred.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived AssetsLong-lived assets and certain intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through undiscounted cash flows from the use of the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the assets are written down to their estimated fair value.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 because of the relatively short duration of these instruments. We use a three-tier fair value hierarchy to classify and disclose all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, in periods subsequent to their initial measurement. The hierarchy requires us to use observable inputs when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. The three tiers are defined as follows: • Level 1. Observable inputs based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; • Level 2. Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and • Level 3. Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require us to develop our own assumptions.
Leases	Leases Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted FASB ASU 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842), as amended ("ASC 842"). In accordance with ASC 842, at the inception of an arrangement, we determine whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present and the classification of the lease. Operating leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the balance sheet as right-of-use ("ROU") assets, lease liabilities and, if applicable, long-term lease liabilities. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. We have elected not to recognize on the balance sheet leases with a term of one year or less. For contracts with lease and non-lease components, we have elected not to allocate the contract consideration and to account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, net, finance lease liability, current and finance lease liability, net of current portion in our consolidated balance sheets. Lease liabilities and their corresponding ROU assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. The implicit rate within most of our leases are generally not determinable and therefore we use the incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. The determination of our incremental borrowing rate requires judgment and is estimated for each lease based on the rate we would have to pay for a collateralized loan with the same term and payments as the lease. We consider various factors, including our level of collateralization, estimated credit rating and currency of the lease. The operating lease ROU also includes any lease prepayments, offset by lease incentives. Certain of our leases include options to extend or terminate the lease. An option to extend the lease is considered in connection with determining the ROU asset and lease liability when it is reasonably certain we will exercise that option. An option to terminate is considered unless it is reasonably certain we will not exercise the option. For certain equipment leases, we apply a portfolio approach to effectively account for the operating lease ROU assets and liabilities. Expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense while the expense for finance leases is recognized as depreciation expense and interest expense. We have lease agreements which require payments for lease and non-lease components (i.e. common area maintenance) that are accounted for as a single lease component. Variable lease payment amounts that cannot be determined at the commencement of the lease, such as maintenance costs based on future obligations, are not included in the ROU assets or lease liabilities. These are expensed as incurred and recorded as variable lease expense. For periods prior to ASC 842, we recorded rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease. The difference between the straight-line rent expense and the payments made in accordance with the operating lease agreements were recognized as a deferred rent liability on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation We account for stock-based compensation expense related to stock-based awards based on the estimated fair value of the award on the grant date. We calculate the fair value of stock options containing only a service condition using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model. The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on the date of grant. For service-based awards, stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. For performance-based awards, stock-based compensation expense is recognized using the accelerated attribution method, based on the probability of satisfying the performance condition. For awards that contain market conditions, compensation expense is measured using a Monte Carlo simulation and
Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share	Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share We compute net loss per common share using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights, of the Class A common stock and Class B common stock are substantially identical, other than voting and conversion rights. Accordingly, the Class A common stock and Class B common stock share equally in our net losses. Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period increased by common shares that could be issued upon conversion or exercise of other outstanding securities to the extent those additional common shares would be dilutive. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted net loss per share by application of the treasury stock method.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be reversed. We recognize the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates as income and expense in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Our tax positions are subject to income tax audits by multiple tax jurisdictions throughout the world. We recognize the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority. We measure the tax benefit recognized as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. We recognize penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense.
Segment Reporting	Segment ReportingOperating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. Our CODM is our chief executive officer, who reviews financial information presented on a companywide basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. As such, our operations constitute a single operating segment and one reportable segment.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency Our operations located outside of the United States where the local currency is the functional currency are translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method. Results of operations are translated at the average rate of exchange for the
Research and Development	Research and DevelopmentResearch and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, and other headcount-related costs associated with product development. Our product utilizes a common codebase, whether accessed by customers via the cloud or via an on-premises installation. Since our software is sold and licensed externally, we consider our software as external-use software for purposes of applying the capitalized software development guidance. Product development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established, which we define as the completion of all planning, designing, coding and testing activities that are necessary to establish products that meet design specifications including functions, features and technical performance requirements. We have determined that technological feasibility for our software products is reached shortly before they are released for sale. Costs incurred after technological feasibility is established are not significant, and accordingly we expense all research and development costs when incurred.
Advertising	AdvertisingWe expense advertising costs as they are incurred.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”), which aims to reduce the existing diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 will require adoption on a retrospective basis unless it is impracticable to apply, in which case we would be required to apply the amendments prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have an impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2018-02"), which provides entities the option to reclassify to retained earnings tax effects related to items in accumulated other comprehensive income ("OCI") that the FASB refers to as having been stranded in accumulated OCI as a result of tax reform. ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2018-02 did not have an impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which provides new guidance for revenue recognition. The new revenue standard provides that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASC 606 also requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method. Under this method of adoption, we applied the new revenue standard only to contracts that were not completed prior January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, we recorded an adjustment of $55.8 million to our accumulated deficit. The adjustment was offset by a $35.4 million reduction to deferred revenue and the addition of a $20.4 million contract asset, primarily due to our on-premises term license subscriptions. ASC 606 materially impacts the timing of revenue recognition related to our term license subscriptions. Prior to our adoption of ASC 606, we have historically concluded that we did not have VSOE of fair value of the undelivered services related to on-premises term license contracts, and, accordingly, have recognized on-premises term license contracts and related services ratably over the contract term. Under the new revenue standard, the requirement to have VSOE for undelivered services is eliminated. Therefore, revenue allocable to the license portion of the contract is recognized upon delivery of the software. Maintenance and support sold with our term license subscriptions is distinct from the term license subscription and the revenue attributable to the maintenance and support continue to be recognized ratably over the contract term. Under ASC 606, we allocate the transaction to performance obligations based on SSP, which impacts the timing of revenue recognition depending on when each performance obligation is recognized. These changes to the timing of revenue recognition also affect our deferred revenue balances. In addition, ASC 606 requires the capitalization of certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract, which impacts the period in which we record our commission expense. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, we deferred the direct and incremental commission costs to obtain a contract with a customer and amortized those costs over the term of the related customer contract consistent with the related revenue. Under the new revenue standard, the direct and incremental costs to obtain contracts with customers, include sales commissions, are deferred and recognized over a period of benefit that we have determined to be five years. In addition, we capitalize the incremental fringe benefits associated with commission expenses paid to our direct sales force. Upon adoption of ASC 606, we reduced our accumulated deficit and increased our asset for deferred commissions by $5.1 million. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842) , which requires companies to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by the leased asset. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach for all leases entered into before the effective date. We also elected to implement the new standard at the adoption date with a cumulative-effect adjustment, if any, recognized to the opening balance sheet of accumulated deficit in the period of adoption. For comparability purposes, we will continue to comply with the previous disclosure requirements in accordance with the existing lease guidance for all periods presented in the year of adoption. We elected the package of practical expedients as permitted under the transition guidance, which allowed us: (1) to carry forward the historical lease classification; (2) not to reassess whether expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; and (3) not to reassess the treatment of initial direct costs for existing leases. In addition, we elected an accounting policy to not recognize leases with an initial term of one year or less on the balance sheet. We did not elect the hindsight practical expedient to determine the lease term for our existing leases and assessing impairment of the ROU assets. Upon the adoption of this standard on January 1, 2019, we recognized a total lease liability of $51.4 million, representing the present value of the minimum rental payments remaining as of the adoption date and ROU assets of $33.8 million. We did not have finance leases (formerly referred to as capital leases prior to the adoption of ASC 842), therefore there was no change in accounting treatment required. Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) ("ASU 2016-13"), which requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application will be permitted for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. We do not expect the standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract , which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs in cloud computing arrangements with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Entities can choose

Significant Accounting Polici_3

Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Revenue by Services	The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 SaaS subscriptions $ 95,028 Term license subscriptions 40,428 Maintenance and support 15,843 Professional services 109,053 Total revenue $ 260,352 Quarter Ended March 31, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 21,278 $ 667 $ 20,611 Term license subscriptions 9,557 (3,417) 12,974 Maintenance and support 3,722 2,398 1,324 Professional services 25,747 1,077 24,670 Total revenue $ 60,304 $ 725 $ 59,579 Quarter Ended June 30, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 22,796 $ 782 $ 22,014 Term license subscriptions 10,103 (5,908) 16,011 Maintenance and support 3,961 2,727 1,234 Professional services 28,415 763 27,652 Total revenue $ 65,275 $ (1,636) $ 66,911 Quarter Ended September 30, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 24,573 $ 914 $ 23,659 Term license subscriptions 9,199 (7,577) 16,776 Maintenance and support 4,002 2,838 1,164 Professional services 28,381 593 27,788 Total revenue $ 66,155 $ (3,232) $ 69,387 Quarter Ended December 31, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 26,381 $ 559 $ 25,822 Term license subscriptions 11,569 (5,687) 17,256 Maintenance and support 4,158 2,918 1,240 Professional services 26,510 358 26,152 Total revenue $ 68,618 $ (1,852) $ 70,470
Summary of Impacts from the Adoption of ASC 606	The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands): As of December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 159,755 $ — $ 159,755 $ 94,930 Accounts receivable, net of allowance 70,408 — 70,408 79,383 Deferred commissions, current 14,543 (6,061) 20,604 14,020 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 32,955 16,343 16,612 21,293 Total current assets 277,661 10,282 267,379 209,626 Property and equipment, net 39,554 — 39,554 7,539 Operating right-of-use asset 24,205 — 24,205 — Deferred commissions, net of current portion 28,979 15,780 13,199 15,088 Deferred tax assets 494 — 494 326 Other assets 592 — 592 601 Total assets 371,485 26,062 345,423 233,180 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 5,222 $ — $ 5,222 $ 9,249 Accrued expenses 7,488 — 7,488 7,464 Accrued compensation and related benefits 10,691 — 10,691 13,796 Deferred revenue, current 82,201 (28,985) 111,186 95,523 Operating lease liability, current 3,836 — 3,836 — Finance lease liability, current 1,447 — 1,447 — Other current liabilities 1,395 — 1,395 2,369 Total current liabilities 112,280 (28,985) 141,265 128,401 Operating lease liability, net of current portion 44,416 — 44,416 — Finance lease liability, net of current portion 2,375 — 2,375 — Deferred revenue, net of current portion 7,139 (4,891) 12,030 16,145 Deferred tax liabilities 38 — 38 42 Deferred rent, net of current portion — — — 15,400 Total liabilities 166,248 (33,876) 200,124 159,988 Stockholders’ equity Class A common stock 3 — 3 3 Class B common stock 3 — 3 3 Additional paid-in capital 340,929 — 340,929 218,284 Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (285) 320 (605) 542 Accumulated deficit (135,413) 59,618 (195,031) (145,640) Total stockholders’ equity 205,237 59,938 145,299 73,192 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 371,485 26,062 $ 345,423 $ 233,180 The following summarizes the significant changes on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 compared to if we had continued to recognize revenue under ASC 605: • Total deferred commissions increased $9.7 million due to the increase in the amortization period of costs to obtain a contract for a new customer or up-sell from the contract term to the five year estimated economic life. • Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased $16.3 million and total deferred revenue decreased $33.9 million due to the change in timing of when we recognize revenue under ASC 606. The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Revenue: Subscriptions $ 151,299 $ (8,786) $ 160,085 $ 126,012 Professional services 109,053 2,791 106,262 100,731 Total revenue 260,352 (5,995) 266,347 226,743 Cost of revenue: Subscriptions 17,098 — 17,098 11,997 Professional services 76,743 — 76,743 72,928 Total cost of revenue 93,841 — 93,841 84,925 Gross profit 166,511 (5,995) 172,506 141,818 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 117,440 (4,625) 122,065 105,992 Research and development 58,043 — 58,043 44,724 General and administrative 41,496 — 41,496 37,821 Total operating expenses 216,979 (4,625) 221,604 188,537 Operating loss (50,468) (1,370) (49,098) (46,719) Other (income) expense: Other (income) expense, net (941) (47) (894) 2,295 Interest expense 367 — 367 198 Total other (income) expense (574) (47) (527) 2,493 Loss before income taxes (49,894) (1,323) (48,571) (49,212) Income tax expense 820 — 820 239 Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders: Basic and diluted $ (0.77) $ (0.02) $ (0.75) $ (0.80) The following summarizes the significant changes on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 compared to if we had continued to recognize revenue under ASC 605: • Subscriptions revenue decreased $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the change in timing of when we recognize term license subscription revenue. Additionally, a significant amount of our unrecognized term license subscriptions revenue was recorded as an adjustment to accumulated deficit under ASC 606. Under ASC 606, our term license subscription revenue is recognized at the time of delivery, as opposed to ratably over the contract term under ASC 605. • Professional services revenue increased $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the fact that our professional services are sold together with SaaS or term licenses. Under ASC 606, the professional services represent distinct performance obligations and therefore are recognized as services are performed. Under ASC 605, professional services sold together with term licenses were recognized ratably over the contract period of maintenance and support. • Sales and marketing expense decreased $4.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 under ASC 606 primarily due to the increase in the period over which we amortize our deferred sales commissions. The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Comprehensive loss, net of income taxes: Foreign currency translation adjustment (827) 115 (942) 103 Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes $ (51,541) $ (1,208) $ (50,333) $ (49,348) The following table summarizes the impacts from the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) As Reported (ASC 605) Net loss $ (50,714) $ (1,323) $ (49,391) $ (49,451) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 4,742 — 4,742 2,021 Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment 146 — 146 (4) Bad debt expense 99 — 99 211 Deferred income taxes (334) — (334) (218) Stock-based compensation 16,443 — 16,443 16,054 Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 7,432 — 7,432 (23,332) Prepaid expenses and other assets 8,972 4,313 4,659 (1,025) Deferred commissions (9,319) (4,625) (4,694) (7,615) Accounts payable and accrued expenses (4,039) — (4,039) 7,461 Accrued compensation and related benefits (3,072) — (3,072) (3) Other current liabilities 1,318 — 1,318 1,823 Deferred revenue 12,573 1,717 10,856 23,023 Operating lease liabilities 6,827 — 6,827 — Deferred rent, non-current — — — (266) Net cash used in operating activities (8,926) 82 (9,008) (31,321) Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment (32,421) — (32,421) (7,014) Proceeds from sale of equipment — — — 4 Net cash used in investing activities (32,421) — (32,421) (7,010) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts 101,653 — 101,653 58,258 Payment of costs related to public offerings (350) — (350) (429) Proceeds from exercise of common stock options 4,899 — 4,899 3,133 Principal payments on finance lease obligations (653) — (653) — Net cash provided by financing activities 105,549 — 105,549 60,962 Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 623 (82) 705 (1,459) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 64,825 — 64,825 21,172 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 94,930 — 94,930 73,758 Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 159,755 — $ 159,755 $ 94,930
Schedule of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts	Activity within the allowance for doubtful accounts was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Balance as of January 1 $ 600 $ 400 $ 400 Additions 99 211 62 Less write-offs, net of recoveries (99) (11) (62) Balance as of December 31 $ 600 $ 600 $ 400
Summary of Capitalized Contract Costs	The following table summarizes the activity of costs to obtain a contract with a customer for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Balance as of January 1 $ 29,108 Adoption of ASC 606 5,094 Additional contract costs deferred 25,004 Amortization of deferred contract costs (15,684) Balance as of December 31 $ 43,522
Property and Equipment, Useful Life	Asset Category Useful Life (in years) Computer software 3 Computer hardware 3 Equipment 5 Office furniture and fixtures 10 Leasehold improvements Shorter of useful life of assets or lease term

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property and Equipment	Property and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31 (in thousands): 2019 2018 Leasehold improvements $ 37,130 $ 9,958 Office furniture and fixtures 4,963 649 Computer hardware 3,365 2,535 Computer software 1,350 1,727 Equipment 72 138 46,880 15,007 Less: accumulated depreciation (7,326) (7,468) Property and equipment, net $ 39,554 $ 7,539

Accrued Expenses (Tables)

Accrued Expenses (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Schedule of Accrued Expenses	Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of December 31 (in thousands): 2019 2018 Accrued contract labor costs $ 1,921 $ 3,128 Accrued hosting costs 1,865 579 Accrued reimbursable employee expenses 1,353 459 Accrued legal costs 422 — Accrued marketing and tradeshow expenses 365 229 Accrued audit and tax expenses 315 375 Accrued third party license fees 288 729 Other accrued expenses 959 1,965 Total $ 7,488 $ 7,464

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Income before Income Tax	For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our loss before income taxes was comprised of the following (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Domestic $ (32,091) $ (30,663) $ (23,093) Foreign (17,803) (18,549) (7,153) Total $ (49,894) $ (49,212) $ (30,246)
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our income tax expense (benefit) was comprised of the following (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Current: Federal $ 3 $ — $ (65) State 60 25 68 Foreign 1,091 432 1,009 Total current expense 1,154 457 1,012 Deferred: Federal — — (42) State — — — Foreign (334) (218) (209) Total deferred benefit (334) (218) (251) Total income tax expense $ 820 $ 239 $ 761
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rates to our loss before the provision (benefit) for income taxes, as follows: 2019 2018 2017 U.S. federal statutory tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 34.0 % State tax expense 7.1 7.2 4.9 Foreign rate differential (5.1) (5.1) (6.7) Nondeductible expenses (0.7) (0.7) (0.9) Equity compensation 12.0 9.5 — Tax credits 6.5 3.9 5.8 Unrecognized tax benefits (1.1) (0.8) (0.7) Other (0.8) 0.6 (0.3) Remeasurement of deferred taxes (1.6) — (7.0) Change in valuation allowance (38.9) (36.0) (31.6) Total (1.6) % (0.4) % (0.4) %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands): 2019 2018 Deferred tax assets: Net operating losses $ 34,875 $ 21,059 Tax credits 8,648 5,945 Deferred revenue 1,291 4,179 Equity compensation 1,668 3,923 Lease liabilities 13,066 — Accrued vacation 409 1,170 Deferred rent — 373 Bad debt 164 164 Depreciation — 151 Other 260 548 Gross deferred tax assets 60,381 37,512 Less: Valuation allowance (35,607) (30,039) Total deferred tax assets 24,774 7,473 Deferred tax liabilities: Prepaid expenses (9,562) (6,640) Right-of-use assets (6,488) — Unbilled receivables (3,849) (419) Depreciation (4,377) — Other (42) (130) Total deferred tax liabilities (24,318) (7,189) Net deferred tax asset $ 456 $ 284
Summary of Income Tax Contingencies	The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefit from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Balance as of January 1, 2017 $ 419 Additions for tax positions in current years 232 Additions for tax positions in prior years — Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations — Settlements — Balance as of December 31, 2017 651 Additions for tax positions in current years 388 Additions for tax positions in prior years — Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations — Settlements — Balance as of December 31, 2018 1,039 Additions for tax positions in current years 536 Additions for tax positions in prior years — Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations — Settlements — Balance as of December 31, 2019 $ 1,575

Stock-Based Compensation (Table

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Summary of Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options Granted	The following table summarizes the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 2019 2018 2017 Risk-free interest rate 2.1% * 1.9% - 2.2% Expected term (in years) 2.6 * 6.5 Expected volatility 55.0% * 38.1% - 40.6% Expected dividend yield —% * —% * Not applicable because no stock options were granted during the period.
Summary of the Stock Option Activity	The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding at January 1, 2017 6,784,448 $ 4.65 6.5 $ 44,259 Granted 1,256,200 11.92 Exercised (876,121) 1.27 14,807 Canceled (153,640) 7.29 Outstanding at December 31, 2017 7,010,887 6.36 6.6 176,122 Granted — — Exercised (1,486,218) 2.10 41,606 Canceled (503,601) 9.51 Outstanding at December 31, 2018 5,021,068 7.30 6.4 97,440 Granted 700,000 33.98 Exercised (1,194,471) 4.11 44,081 Canceled (67,986) 10.17 Outstanding at December 31, 2019 4,458,611 12.30 5.8 115,501 Exercisable at December 31, 2019 2,818,731 7.51 5.7 86,536
Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity	The following table summarizes the restricted stock unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested outstanding at January 1, 2017 — $ — Granted 738,055 22.15 Vested (4,930) 20.24 Canceled (1,150) 21.40 Non-vested outstanding at December 31, 2017 731,975 22.16 Granted 622,166 29.60 Vested (143,390) 22.19 Canceled (35,702) 23.97 Non-vested outstanding at December 31, 2018 1,175,049 26.04 Granted 436,912 40.70 Vested (521,460) 27.81 Canceled (67,666) 26.38 Non-vested outstanding at December 31, 2019 1,022,835 31.39
Schedule of Components of Stock-based Compensation Expense	The following table summarizes the components of our stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options $ 3,408 $ 7,947 $ 9,607 Stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units 12,667 7,714 753 Stock-based compensation expense related to the issuance of common stock to directors 368 393 222 Stock-based compensation expense related to stock option modifications — — 2,394 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 16,443 $ 16,054 $ 12,976
Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense Included in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units, stock options and issuances of common stock is included in the following line items in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Cost of revenue Subscriptions $ 647 $ 514 $ 575 Professional services 2,748 1,717 1,295 Operating expenses Sales and marketing 4,742 3,473 3,233 Research and development 3,480 2,416 2,822 General and administrative 4,826 7,934 5,051 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 16,443 $ 16,054 $ 12,976

Basic and Diluted Loss per Co_2

Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the years ended December 31 (in thousands, except per share data): Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Numerator: Net loss $ (50,714) $ (49,451) $ (31,007) Accretion of dividends on convertible preferred stock — — 357 Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (50,714) $ (49,451) $ (31,364) Denominator Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted 65,479,327 62,140,684 49,529,833 Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted $ (0.77) $ (0.80) $ (0.63)
Summary of Securities Excluded From Calculation of Weighted Average Common Shares	The following securities have been excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding because the effect is anti-dilutive or performance or market conditions had not been met at the end of the period: Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Stock options 4,458,611 5,021,068 7,010,887 Restricted stock units 1,022,835 1,175,049 731,975

Leases and Other Commitments (T

Leases and Other Commitments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
Components of Lease Expense	The following table sets forth the components of lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Operating lease cost $ 9,733 Finance lease costs: Amortization of right-of-use assets 700 Interest on lease liabilities 108 Short-term lease cost 462 Variable lease cost 409 Total $ 11,412
Supplemental Balance Sheet Information	Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands, except for lease term and discount rate): As of December 31, 2019 Operating Leases Operating ROU assets $ 24,205 Operating lease liabilities, current $ 3,836 Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 44,416 Total operating lease liabilities $ 48,252 Finance Leases Property and equipment, at cost $ 4,475 Accumulated depreciation (703) Property and equipment, net $ 3,772 Finance lease liabilities, current $ 1,447 Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion 2,375 Total finance lease liabilities $ 3,822 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term Operating leases 11.4 Finance leases 2.5 Weighted Average Discount Rate Operating leases 9.8 % Finance leases 5.5 %
Supplemental Cash Flow Information	Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash outflows for operating leases $ 6,413 Operating cash outflows for finance leases 108 Financing cash outflows for finance leases 653 ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases 523 Finance leases 4,475
Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities	The maturities of lease liabilities under non-cancelable operating and finance leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases Finance Leases 2020 $ 3,781 $ 1,620 2021 6,896 1,620 2022 7,007 859 2023 7,050 — 2024 7,408 — Thereafter 57,884 — Total lease payments 90,026 4,099 Less: imputed interest (41,774) (277) Total $ 48,252 $ 3,822
Maturities of Finance Lease Liabilities	The maturities of lease liabilities under non-cancelable operating and finance leases as of December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases Finance Leases 2020 $ 3,781 $ 1,620 2021 6,896 1,620 2022 7,007 859 2023 7,050 — 2024 7,408 — Thereafter 57,884 — Total lease payments 90,026 4,099 Less: imputed interest (41,774) (277) Total $ 48,252 $ 3,822
Summary of Future Minimum Gross and Net Lease Commitments	A summary of our future minimum lease commitments and other commitments by year as of December 31, 2018 was as follows (in thousands): Office Leases Equipment Leases Lease Related Commitments 2019 $ 6,985 $ 216 $ 29,587 2020 6,371 22 — 2021 8,331 — — 2022 6,939 — — 2023 6,987 — — Thereafter 65,151 — — 100,764 238 29,587 Less: tenant improvement allowance — — (14,441) Total $ 100,764 $ 238 $ 15,146

Segment and Geographic Inform_2

Segment and Geographic Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Summary of Revenue By Geography	The following table summarizes revenue by geography for the years ended December 31 (in thousands): 2019 2018 2017 Domestic $ 176,187 $ 161,716 $ 128,997 International 84,165 65,027 47,740 Total $ 260,352 $ 226,743 $ 176,737

Selected Quarterly Informatio_2

Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Quarterly Financial Information	These quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of our operating results to be expected in the future. Three Months Ended Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018 (in thousands) (unaudited) Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: Revenue: (1) Subscriptions $ 42,108 $ 37,774 $ 36,860 $ 34,557 $ 35,108 $ 30,905 $ 33,047 $ 26,952 Professional services 26,510 28,381 28,415 25,747 25,108 24,043 26,836 24,744 Total revenue 68,618 66,155 65,275 60,304 60,216 54,948 59,883 51,696 Cost of revenue: Subscriptions 4,993 4,484 4,036 3,585 3,284 3,261 2,824 2,628 Professional services 17,780 19,467 19,015 20,481 18,926 16,831 18,750 18,421 Total cost of revenue 22,773 23,951 23,051 24,066 22,210 20,092 21,574 21,049 Gross profit 45,845 42,204 42,224 36,238 38,006 34,856 38,309 30,647 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 31,254 27,603 29,992 28,591 30,177 25,467 27,384 22,964 Research and development 15,625 15,697 12,765 13,956 12,332 11,737 10,785 9,870 General and administrative 12,028 11,191 9,261 9,016 8,799 12,537 8,425 8,060 Total operating expenses 58,907 54,491 52,018 51,563 51,308 49,741 46,594 40,894 Operating loss (13,062) (12,287) (9,794) (15,325) (13,302) (14,885) (8,285) (10,247) Other (income) expense: Other (income) expense, net (2,822) 2,262 (79) (302) 510 110 2,593 (918) Interest expense 131 96 69 71 64 67 54 13 Total other (income) expense (2,691) 2,358 (10) (231) 574 177 2,647 (905) Loss before income taxes (10,371) (14,645) (9,784) (15,094) (13,876) (15,062) (10,932) (9,342) Income tax expense (benefit) 426 5 267 122 27 (34) 35 211 Net loss (2) $ (10,797) $ (14,650) $ (10,051) $ (15,216) $ (13,903) $ (15,028) $ (10,967) $ (9,553) (1) The revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2019 have been adjusted from previously reported revenue as a result of the adoption of ASC 606. Refer to the tables below for a reconciliation of 2019 quarterly revenue. (2) In the third quarter of 2018, we recorded $4.5 million of cumulative stock-based compensation expense upon the vesting of an option previously granted to our Chief Executive Officer in 2016. See Note 7 for further discussion of
Summary of Revenue by Services	The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2019 SaaS subscriptions $ 95,028 Term license subscriptions 40,428 Maintenance and support 15,843 Professional services 109,053 Total revenue $ 260,352 Quarter Ended March 31, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 21,278 $ 667 $ 20,611 Term license subscriptions 9,557 (3,417) 12,974 Maintenance and support 3,722 2,398 1,324 Professional services 25,747 1,077 24,670 Total revenue $ 60,304 $ 725 $ 59,579 Quarter Ended June 30, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 22,796 $ 782 $ 22,014 Term license subscriptions 10,103 (5,908) 16,011 Maintenance and support 3,961 2,727 1,234 Professional services 28,415 763 27,652 Total revenue $ 65,275 $ (1,636) $ 66,911 Quarter Ended September 30, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 24,573 $ 914 $ 23,659 Term license subscriptions 9,199 (7,577) 16,776 Maintenance and support 4,002 2,838 1,164 Professional services 28,381 593 27,788 Total revenue $ 66,155 $ (3,232) $ 69,387 Quarter Ended December 31, 2019 As Reported (ASC 606) Impacts from Adoption Without Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) (unaudited) SaaS subscriptions $ 26,381 $ 559 $ 25,822 Term license subscriptions 11,569 (5,687) 17,256 Maintenance and support 4,158 2,918 1,240 Professional services 26,510 358 26,152 Total revenue $ 68,618 $ (1,852) $ 70,470

Significant Accounting Polici_4

Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Aug. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Nov. 30, 2017$ / sharesshares	May 31, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)agencysegment	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)agency	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)agency	Feb. 28, 2019USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2019USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2018USD ($)
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts					$ 0	$ 0	$ 80,213
Deferred offering costs				$ 2,400
Contract assets balances					22,800				$ 25,800
Contract liabilities revenue recognized					66,600
Unsatisfied performance obligations					175,800
Tenant improvement allowance receivable					0	14,400				$ 15,800
Additional tenant improvement allowance receivable								$ 2,600
Tenant improvement allowance received					$ 17,000
Capitalized contract cost, amortization period					5 years
Commission expense					$ 15,684	15,600	11,800
Number of operating segments | segment					1
Number of reportable segments | segment					1
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)					$ (200)	(3,000)	2,600
Advertising expense					4,100	3,900	$ 3,000
Adjustment to accumulated deficit					(135,413)	$ (145,640)
Adoption of ASC 606					5,094
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Adjustment to accumulated deficit									(55,800)
Decrease in total deferred revenue									(35,400)
Addition of contract asset									20,400
Adoption of ASC 606					$ 5,100
Total lease liability recognized upon adoption									51,400
ROU assets recognized upon adoption									$ 33,800
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales Revenue, Net | Foreign Customers
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage					32.30%	28.70%	27.00%
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales Revenue, Net | Government Agencies
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage					17.10%	15.70%	15.40%
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales Revenue, Net | Federal Government Agencies
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage					7.40%	7.80%	8.40%
Number of federal government agencies | agency					3	3	3
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-01
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Unsatisfied performance obligations					$ 153,700
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, period					24 months
Minimum
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
SaaS Subscriptions contracts term					1 year
Term license subscription contracts term					1 year
Maximum
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
SaaS Subscriptions contracts term					3 years
Term license subscription contracts term					3 years
Class A Common Stock
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in public offering (in shares) | shares		2,000,000
Sale of stock, offering price (in usd per share) | $ / shares		$ 35.15
Proceeds from initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts				$ 77,800
Number of shares issued by the company in public offering (in shares) | shares		1,675,000
Number of shares issued by sharesholders in public offering (in shares) | shares		325,000
Net proceeds from public offering		$ 57,800
Initial Public Offering | Class A Common Stock
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in public offering (in shares) | shares				7,187,500
Sale of stock, offering price (in usd per share) | $ / shares				$ 12
Secondary Offering | Class A Common Stock
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in public offering (in shares) | shares			4,370,000
Sale of stock, offering price (in usd per share) | $ / shares			$ 20.25
Public Offering | Class A Common Stock
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in public offering (in shares) | shares	2,329,000
Sale of stock, offering price (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 55.70
Number of shares issued by the company in public offering (in shares) | shares	1,825,000
Number of shares issued by sharesholders in public offering (in shares) | shares	504,000
Net proceeds from public offering	$ 101,300
Computer software
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life					3 years
Computer hardware
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life					3 years
Equipment
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life					5 years
Office furniture and fixtures
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life					10 years

Significant Accounting Polici_5

Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue by Services (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 68,618	$ 66,155	$ 65,275	$ 60,304	$ 60,216	$ 54,948	$ 59,883	$ 51,696	$ 260,352	$ 226,743	$ 176,737
SaaS subscriptions
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,381	24,573	22,796	21,278					95,028
Term license subscriptions
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	11,569	9,199	10,103	9,557					40,428
Maintenance and support
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	4,158	4,002	3,961	3,722					15,843
Professional services
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 26,510	$ 28,381	$ 28,415	$ 25,747	$ 25,108	$ 24,043	$ 26,836	$ 24,744	$ 109,053	$ 100,731	$ 85,223

Significant Accounting Polici_6

Significant Accounting Policies - Impacts on Balance Sheets from the Adoption of ASC 606 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 159,755		$ 94,930
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	70,408		79,383
Deferred commissions, current	14,543		14,020
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	32,955		21,293
Total current assets	277,661		209,626
Property and equipment, net	39,554
Operating right-of-use asset	24,205
Deferred commissions, net of current portion	28,979		15,088
Deferred tax assets	494		326
Other assets	592		601
Total assets	371,485		233,180
Accounts payable	5,222		9,249
Accrued expenses	7,488		7,464
Accrued compensation and related benefits	10,691		13,796
Deferred revenue, current	82,201		95,523
Operating lease liability, current	3,836
Finance lease liability, current	1,447
Other current liabilities	1,395		2,369
Total current liabilities	112,280		128,401
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	44,416
Finance lease liability, net of current portion	2,375
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	7,139		16,145
Deferred tax liabilities	38		42
Deferred rent, net of current portion	0		15,400
Total liabilities	166,248		159,988
Additional paid-in capital	340,929		218,284
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(285)		542
Accumulated deficit	(135,413)		(145,640)
Total stockholders’ equity	205,237		73,192	$ 45,524	$ (63,492)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	371,485		233,180
Increase in total deferred commissions	43,522		29,108
Class A Common Stock
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Common stock	3		3
Class B Common Stock
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Common stock	3		$ 3
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	159,755
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	70,408
Deferred commissions, current	20,604
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,612
Total current assets	267,379
Property and equipment, net	39,554
Operating right-of-use asset	24,205
Deferred commissions, net of current portion	13,199
Deferred tax assets	494
Other assets	592
Total assets	345,423
Accounts payable	5,222
Accrued expenses	7,488
Accrued compensation and related benefits	10,691
Deferred revenue, current	111,186
Operating lease liability, current	3,836
Finance lease liability, current	1,447
Other current liabilities	1,395
Total current liabilities	141,265
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	44,416
Finance lease liability, net of current portion	2,375
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	12,030
Deferred tax liabilities	38
Deferred rent, net of current portion	0
Total liabilities	200,124
Additional paid-in capital	340,929
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(605)
Accumulated deficit	(195,031)
Total stockholders’ equity	145,299
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	345,423
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606 | Class A Common Stock
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Common stock	3
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606 | Class B Common Stock
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Common stock	3
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Accumulated deficit		$ (55,800)
Decrease in total deferred revenue		$ (35,400)
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	0
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	0
Deferred commissions, current	(6,061)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	16,343
Total current assets	10,282
Property and equipment, net	0
Operating right-of-use asset	0
Deferred commissions, net of current portion	15,780
Deferred tax assets	0
Other assets	0
Total assets	26,062
Accounts payable	0
Accrued expenses	0
Accrued compensation and related benefits	0
Deferred revenue, current	(28,985)
Operating lease liability, current	0
Finance lease liability, current	0
Other current liabilities	0
Total current liabilities	(28,985)
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	0
Finance lease liability, net of current portion	0
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	(4,891)
Deferred tax liabilities	0
Deferred rent, net of current portion	0
Total liabilities	(33,876)
Additional paid-in capital	0
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	320
Accumulated deficit	59,618
Total stockholders’ equity	59,938
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	26,062
Increase in total deferred commissions	9,700
Decrease in total deferred revenue	(33,900)
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Class A Common Stock
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Common stock	0
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Class B Common Stock
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Common stock	$ 0

Significant Accounting Polici_7

Significant Accounting Policies - Impacts on Statements of Operations from the Adoption of ASC 606 (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 68,618	$ 66,155	$ 65,275	$ 60,304	$ 60,216	$ 54,948	$ 59,883	$ 51,696	$ 260,352	$ 226,743	$ 176,737
Total cost of revenue	22,773	23,951	23,051	24,066	22,210	20,092	21,574	21,049	93,841	84,925	64,597
Gross profit	45,845	42,204	42,224	36,238	38,006	34,856	38,309	30,647	166,511	141,818	112,140
Sales and marketing	31,254	27,603	29,992	28,591	30,177	25,467	27,384	22,964	117,440	105,992	81,966
Research and development	15,625	15,697	12,765	13,956	12,332	11,737	10,785	9,870	58,043	44,724	34,835
General and administrative	12,028	11,191	9,261	9,016	8,799	12,537	8,425	8,060	41,496	37,821	27,150
Total operating expenses	58,907	54,491	52,018	51,563	51,308	49,741	46,594	40,894	216,979	188,537	143,951
Operating loss	(13,062)	(12,287)	(9,794)	(15,325)	(13,302)	(14,885)	(8,285)	(10,247)	(50,468)	(46,719)	(31,811)
Other (income) expense, net	(2,822)	2,262	(79)	(302)	510	110	2,593	(918)	(941)	2,295	(2,038)
Interest expense	131	96	69	71	64	67	54	13	367	198	473
Total other (income) expense	(2,691)	2,358	(10)	(231)	574	177	2,647	(905)	(574)	2,493	(1,565)
Loss before income taxes	(10,371)	(14,645)	(9,784)	(15,094)	(13,876)	(15,062)	(10,932)	(9,342)	(49,894)	(49,212)	(30,246)
Income tax expense	426	5	267	122	27	(34)	35	211	820	239	761
Net loss	(10,797)	(14,650)	(10,051)	(15,216)	(13,903)	(15,028)	(10,967)	(9,553)	$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,007)
Basic and diluted (in usd per share)									$ (0.77)	$ (0.80)	$ (0.63)
Subscriptions
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	42,108	37,774	36,860	34,557	35,108	30,905	33,047	26,952	$ 151,299	$ 126,012	$ 91,514
Total cost of revenue	4,993	4,484	4,036	3,585	3,284	3,261	2,824	2,628	17,098	11,997	9,379
Professional services
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,510	28,381	28,415	25,747	25,108	24,043	26,836	24,744	109,053	100,731	85,223
Total cost of revenue	17,780	19,467	19,015	20,481	$ 18,926	$ 16,831	$ 18,750	$ 18,421	76,743	$ 72,928	$ 55,218
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	70,470	69,387	66,911	59,579					266,347
Total cost of revenue									93,841
Gross profit									172,506
Sales and marketing									122,065
Research and development									58,043
General and administrative									41,496
Total operating expenses									221,604
Operating loss									(49,098)
Other (income) expense, net									(894)
Interest expense									367
Total other (income) expense									(527)
Loss before income taxes									(48,571)
Income tax expense									820
Net loss									$ (49,391)
Basic and diluted (in usd per share)									$ (0.75)
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606 | Subscriptions
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 160,085
Total cost of revenue									17,098
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606 | Professional services
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,152	27,788	27,652	24,670					106,262
Total cost of revenue									76,743
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	(1,852)	(3,232)	(1,636)	725					(5,995)
Total cost of revenue									0
Gross profit									(5,995)
Sales and marketing									(4,625)
Research and development									0
General and administrative									0
Total operating expenses									(4,625)
Operating loss									(1,370)
Other (income) expense, net									(47)
Interest expense									0
Total other (income) expense									(47)
Loss before income taxes									(1,323)
Income tax expense									0
Net loss									$ (1,323)
Basic and diluted (in usd per share)									$ (0.02)
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Subscriptions
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ (8,786)
Total cost of revenue									0
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 | Professional services
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 358	$ 593	$ 763	$ 1,077					2,791
Total cost of revenue									$ 0

Significant Accounting Polici_8

Significant Accounting Policies - Impacts on Statements of Comprehensive Loss from the Adoption of ASC 606 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net loss	$ (10,797)	$ (14,650)	$ (10,051)	$ (15,216)	$ (13,903)	$ (15,028)	$ (10,967)	$ (9,553)	$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,007)
Foreign currency translation adjustment									(827)	103	(891)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes									(51,541)	$ (49,348)	$ (31,898)
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net loss									(49,391)
Foreign currency translation adjustment									(942)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes									(50,333)
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net loss									(1,323)
Foreign currency translation adjustment									115
Total other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes									$ (1,208)

Significant Accounting Polici_9

Significant Accounting Policies - Impacts on Statements of Cash Flows from the Adoption of ASC 606 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net loss	$ (10,797)	$ (14,650)	$ (10,051)	$ (15,216)	$ (13,903)	$ (15,028)	$ (10,967)	$ (9,553)	$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,007)
Depreciation and amortization									4,742	2,021	886
Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment									146	(4)	0
Bad debt expense									99	211	62
Deferred income taxes									(334)	(218)	(251)
Stock-based compensation									16,443	16,054	12,976
Accounts receivable									7,432	(23,332)	(9,716)
Prepaid expenses and other assets									8,972	(1,025)	(4,162)
Deferred commissions									(9,319)	(7,615)	(3,487)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses									(4,039)	7,461	4,128
Accrued compensation and related benefits									(3,072)	(3)	2,365
Other current liabilities									1,318	1,823	383
Deferred revenue									12,573	23,023	18,344
Operating lease liabilities									6,827
Deferred rent, non-current									0	(266)	(374)
Net cash used in operating activities									(8,926)	(31,321)	(9,128)
Purchases of property and equipment									(32,421)	(7,014)	(433)
Proceeds from sale of equipment									0	4	0
Net cash used in investing activities									(32,421)	(7,010)	(433)
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts									101,653	58,258	0
Payment of costs related to public offerings									(350)	(429)	(2,424)
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options									4,899	3,133	1,108
Principal payments on finance lease obligations									(653)
Net cash provided by financing activities									105,549	60,962	50,948
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents									623	(1,459)	1,228
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents									64,825	21,172	42,615
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period				94,930				$ 73,758	94,930	73,758	31,143
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	159,755				94,930				159,755	94,930	$ 73,758
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net loss									(49,391)
Depreciation and amortization									4,742
Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment									146
Bad debt expense									99
Deferred income taxes									(334)
Stock-based compensation									16,443
Accounts receivable									7,432
Prepaid expenses and other assets									4,659
Deferred commissions									(4,694)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses									(4,039)
Accrued compensation and related benefits									(3,072)
Other current liabilities									1,318
Deferred revenue									10,856
Operating lease liabilities									6,827
Deferred rent, non-current									0
Net cash used in operating activities									(9,008)
Purchases of property and equipment									(32,421)
Proceeds from sale of equipment									0
Net cash used in investing activities									(32,421)
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts									101,653
Payment of costs related to public offerings									(350)
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options									4,899
Principal payments on finance lease obligations									(653)
Net cash provided by financing activities									105,549
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents									705
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents									64,825
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period				94,930					94,930
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	159,755				94,930				159,755	94,930
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net loss									(1,323)
Depreciation and amortization									0
Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment									0
Bad debt expense									0
Deferred income taxes									0
Stock-based compensation									0
Accounts receivable									0
Prepaid expenses and other assets									4,313
Deferred commissions									(4,625)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses									0
Accrued compensation and related benefits									0
Other current liabilities									0
Deferred revenue									1,717
Operating lease liabilities									0
Deferred rent, non-current									0
Net cash used in operating activities									82
Purchases of property and equipment									0
Proceeds from sale of equipment									0
Net cash used in investing activities									0
Proceeds from public offering, net of underwriting discounts									0
Payment of costs related to public offerings									0
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options									0
Principal payments on finance lease obligations									0
Net cash provided by financing activities									0
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents									(82)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents									0
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period				$ 0					0
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$ 0				$ 0				$ 0	$ 0

Significant Accounting Polic_10

Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable [Roll Forward]
Balance as of January 1	$ 600	$ 400	$ 400
Bad debt expense	99	211	62
Less write-offs, net of recoveries	99	11	62
Balance as of December 31	$ 600	$ 600	$ 400

Significant Accounting Polic_11

Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Capitalized Contract Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Capitalized Contract Cost [Roll Forward]
Balance as of January 1	$ 29,108
Adoption of ASC 606	5,094
Additional contract costs deferred	25,004
Amortization of deferred contract costs	(15,684)	$ (15,600)	$ (11,800)
Balance as of December 31	$ 43,522	$ 29,108

Property and Equipment - Schedu

Property and Equipment - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 46,880
Property and equipment, gross		$ 15,007
Less: accumulated depreciation	(7,326)
Less: accumulated depreciation		(7,468)
Property and equipment, net	39,554
Property and equipment, net		7,539
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	37,130
Property and equipment, gross		9,958
Office furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	4,963
Property and equipment, gross		649
Computer hardware
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	3,365
Property and equipment, gross		2,535
Computer software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,350
Property and equipment, gross		1,727
Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 72
Property and equipment, gross		$ 138

Property and Equipment - Narrat

Property and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 4,700	$ 2,000	$ 900
Loss on disposal	(146)	4	$ 0
Finance lease obligations to acquire new office furniture and fixtures and computer hardware	4,475
Capital leases		0
Accumulated depreciation for assets under capital lease	700
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Disposal of property plant and equipment	3,200
Computer hardware
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Disposal of property plant and equipment	900	$ 100
Finance lease obligations to acquire new office furniture and fixtures and computer hardware	800
Office furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Disposal of property plant and equipment	400
Finance lease obligations to acquire new office furniture and fixtures and computer hardware	3,700
Computer software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Disposal of property plant and equipment	400
Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Disposal of property plant and equipment	$ 100

Accrued Expenses - Schedule of

Accrued Expenses - Schedule of Accrued Expenses (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued contract labor costs	$ 1,921	$ 3,128
Accrued hosting costs	1,865	579
Accrued reimbursable employee expenses	1,353	459
Accrued legal costs	422	0
Accrued marketing and tradeshow expenses	365	229
Accrued audit and tax expenses	315	375
Accrued third party license fees	288	729
Other accrued expenses	959	1,965
Total	$ 7,488	$ 7,464

Debt - Additional Information (

Debt - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Outstanding letters of credit		$ 10,500,000	$ 10,500,000
Revolving Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Credit facility	$ 20,000,000
Term Loan
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit, outstanding borrowings		$ 0
Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Unused facility fee, revolving line of credit	0.15%
Adjusted quick ratio	135.00%
Minimum | LIBOR
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Additional interest rate margin	2.00%
Minimum | Prime Rate
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Additional interest rate margin	1.00%
Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Unused facility fee, revolving line of credit	0.25%
Maximum | LIBOR
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Additional interest rate margin	2.50%
Maximum | Prime Rate
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Additional interest rate margin	1.50%

Income Taxes - Net Income (Loss

Income Taxes - Net Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Domestic									$ (32,091)	$ (30,663)	$ (23,093)
Foreign									(17,803)	(18,549)	(7,153)
Loss before income taxes	$ (10,371)	$ (14,645)	$ (9,784)	$ (15,094)	$ (13,876)	$ (15,062)	$ (10,932)	$ (9,342)	$ (49,894)	$ (49,212)	$ (30,246)

Income Taxes - Schedule of Inco

Income Taxes - Schedule of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current:
Federal									$ 3	$ 0	$ (65)
State									60	25	68
Foreign									1,091	432	1,009
Total current expense									1,154	457	1,012
Deferred:
Federal									0	0	(42)
State									0	0	0
Foreign									(334)	(218)	(209)
Total deferred benefit									(334)	(218)	(251)
Total income tax expense	$ 426	$ 5	$ 267	$ 122	$ 27	$ (34)	$ 35	$ 211	$ 820	$ 239	$ 761

Income Taxes - Schedule of Reco

Income Taxes - Schedule of Reconciliation of Statutory to Effective Income Tax Rate (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S. federal statutory tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	34.00%
State tax expense	7.10%	7.20%	4.90%
Foreign rate differential	(5.10%)	(5.10%)	(6.70%)
Nondeductible expenses	(0.70%)	(0.70%)	(0.90%)
Equity compensation	12.00%	9.50%	0.00%
Tax credits	6.50%	3.90%	5.80%
Unrecognized tax benefits	(1.10%)	(0.80%)	(0.70%)
Other	(0.80%)	0.60%	(0.30%)
Remeasurement of deferred taxes	(1.60%)	0.00%	(7.00%)
Change in valuation allowance	(38.90%)	(36.00%)	(31.60%)
Total	(1.60%)	(0.40%)	(0.40%)

Income Taxes - Schedule of Defe

Income Taxes - Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses	$ 34,875	$ 21,059
Tax credits	8,648	5,945
Deferred revenue	1,291	4,179
Equity compensation	1,668	3,923
Lease liabilities	13,066	0
Accrued vacation	409	1,170
Deferred rent	0	373
Bad debt	164	164
Depreciation	0	151
Other	260	548
Gross deferred tax assets	60,381	37,512
Less: Valuation allowance	(35,607)	(30,039)
Total deferred tax assets	24,774	7,473
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	(9,562)	(6,640)
Right-of-use assets	(6,488)	0
Unbilled receivables	(3,849)	(419)
Depreciation	(4,377)	0
Other	(42)	(130)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(24,318)	(7,189)
Net deferred tax asset	$ 456	$ 284

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 1,039	$ 651	$ 419
Additions for tax positions in current years	536	388	232
Additions for tax positions in prior years	0	0	0
Reductions due to lapse in statutes of limitations	0	0	0
Settlements	0	0	0
Ending balance	$ 1,575	$ 1,039	$ 651

Income Taxes - Narrative (Detai

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Effective tax rate	(1.60%)	(0.40%)	(0.40%)
Tax expense attributable to the change in valuation allowance	$ 10,200
Operating loss carryforwards, state, tax effected	6,500	$ 3,700
Net change in total valuation allowance	5,600
Valuation allowance against foreign deferred tax assets	35,607	30,039
Unrecognized tax benefits	1,575	1,039	$ 651	$ 419
Recognized interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions	3	0
Cumulative balance of interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions	36	33
Unrecognized tax benefits, portion affecting tax rate	1,600	1,000
Domestic Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	99,300	56,900
Federal NOL carryforwards subject to expiration	24,400
Federal NOL carryforwards not subject to expiration	74,900
Federal tax credit carryforwards	7,500	6,400
State and Local Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	100,900	57,200
Swiss Federal Tax Administration (FTA) | Foreign Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	62,800	$ 56,300
Valuation allowance against foreign deferred tax assets	$ 7,300

Stock-Based Compensation - Addi

Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	May 31, 2019	Nov. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	May 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option cancellation agreement, vested options to purchase (in shares)			700,000	0	1,256,200
Exercise price of stock options granted (in usd per share)			$ 33.98	$ 0	$ 11.92
Service period (in years)			5 years 9 months 18 days	6 years 4 months 24 days	6 years 7 months 6 days	6 years 6 months
Weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted (in usd per share)			$ 13.57		$ 5.05
Total fair value of stock options vested			$ 2,000,000	$ 10,500,000	$ 5,600,000
Total compensation cost related to unvested stock options not yet recognized			$ 8,400,000
Weighted average period, unvested stock options			1 year 10 months 24 days
Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock units			$ 28,800,000
Weighted average remaining vesting period			2 years 4 months 24 days
Granted (in shares)			436,912	622,166	738,055
Granted (in usd per share)			$ 40.70	$ 29.60	$ 22.15
2017 Equity Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares available to be issued (in shares)			4,668,941
2017 Equity Incentive Plan | Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Value of awards at grant date		$ 7,700,000
Granted (in shares)		255,930
Granted (in usd per share)		$ 30.06
2017 Equity Incentive Plan | Class A Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares available to be issued (in shares)			7,108,049				6,421,442
2017 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Financial Officer
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option cancellation agreement, vested options to purchase (in shares)	700,000
Exercise price of stock options granted (in usd per share)	$ 33.98
Share price (in usd per share)	$ 84.63
Value of awards at grant date	$ 9,500,000
Service period (in years)	2 years 7 months 6 days
2007 Stock Option Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares available to be issued (in shares)							421,442
Number of shares available for grants (in shares)							0

Stock-Based Compensation - Summ

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options Granted (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	210.00%
Expected term (in years)	2 years 7 months 6 days	6 years 6 months
Expected volatility	5500.00%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		1.90%
Expected volatility		38.10%
Maximum
Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		2.20%
Expected volatility		40.60%

Stock-Based Compensation - Su_2

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of the Stock Option Activity (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Number of Shares
Beginning balance (in shares)	5,021,068	7,010,887	6,784,448
Granted (in shares)	700,000	0	1,256,200
Exercised (in shares)	(1,194,471)	(1,486,218)	(876,121)
Canceled (in shares)	(67,986)	(503,601)	(153,640)
Ending balance (in shares)	4,458,611	5,021,068	7,010,887	6,784,448
Exercisable at December 31, 2019 (in shares)	2,818,731
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (in usd per share)	$ 7.30	$ 6.36	$ 4.65
Granted (in usd per share)	33.98	0	11.92
Exercised (in usd per share)	4.11	2.10	1.27
Canceled (in usd per share)	10.17	9.51	7.29
Ending balance (in usd per share)	12.30	$ 7.30	$ 6.36	$ 4.65
Exercisable at December 31, 2019 (in usd per share)	$ 7.51
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Beginning balance (in years)	5 years 9 months 18 days	6 years 4 months 24 days	6 years 7 months 6 days	6 years 6 months
Ending balance (in years)	5 years 9 months 18 days	6 years 4 months 24 days	6 years 7 months 6 days	6 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2019 (in years)	5 years 8 months 12 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Beginning balance	$ 97,440	$ 176,122	$ 44,259
Exercised	44,081	41,606	14,807
Ending balance	115,501	$ 97,440	$ 176,122	$ 44,259
Exercisable at December 31, 2019	$ 86,536

Stock-Based Compensation - Sche

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Restricted stock units - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Number of Shares
Non-vested outstanding, beginning balance (in shares)	1,175,049	731,975	0
Granted (in shares)	436,912	622,166	738,055
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)	(521,460)	(143,390)	(4,930)
Canceled (in shares)	(67,666)	(35,702)	(1,150)
Non-vested outstanding, ending balance (in shares)	1,022,835	1,175,049	731,975
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested outstanding, beginning balance (in usd per share)	$ 26.04	$ 22.16	$ 0
Granted (in usd per share)	40.70	29.60	22.15
Vested (in usd per share)	27.81	22.19	20.24
Canceled (in usd per share)	26.38	23.97	21.40
Non-vested outstanding, ending balance (in usd per share)	$ 31.39	$ 26.04	$ 22.16

Stock-Based Compensation - Sc_2

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 16,443	$ 16,054	$ 12,976
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	3,408	7,947	9,607
Stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	12,667	7,714	753
Stock-based compensation expense related to the issuance of common stock to directors
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	368	393	222
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock option modifications
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 0	$ 0	$ 2,394

Stock-Based Compensation - Sc_3

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense Included in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 16,443	$ 16,054	$ 12,976
Subscriptions
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	647	514	575
Professional services
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	2,748	1,717	1,295
Sales and marketing
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	4,742	3,473	3,233
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	3,480	2,416	2,822
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 4,826	$ 7,934	$ 5,051

Stockholders' Equity (Detail)

Stockholders' Equity (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019vote$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2018$ / sharesshares
Class A Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, par value (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	34,525,386	29,626,054
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	34,525,386	29,626,054
Number of votes entitled to stockholders | vote	1
Conversion of stock (in shares)	1
Maximum percentage of aggregate voting power of capital stock which triggers conversion of stock	10.00%
Class B Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, par value (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	32,942,636	34,290,383
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	32,942,636	34,290,383
Number of votes entitled to stockholders | vote	10

Basic and Diluted Loss per Co_3

Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share - Computation of Net Loss per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (10,797)	$ (14,650)	$ (10,051)	$ (15,216)	$ (13,903)	$ (15,028)	$ (10,967)	$ (9,553)	$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,007)
Accretion of dividends on convertible preferred stock									0	0	357
Net loss attributable to common stockholders									$ (50,714)	$ (49,451)	$ (31,364)
Denominator
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted (in shares)									65,479,327	62,140,684	49,529,833
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in usd per share)									$ (0.77)	$ (0.80)	$ (0.63)

Basic and Diluted Loss per Co_4

Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share - Summary of Securities Excluded From Calculation of Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Detail) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock (in shares)	4,458,611	5,021,068	7,010,887
Restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock (in shares)	1,022,835	1,175,049	731,975

Leases and Other Commitments -

Leases and Other Commitments - Components of Lease Expense (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 9,733
Amortization of right-of-use assets	700
Interest on lease liabilities	108
Short-term lease cost	462
Variable lease cost	409
Total	$ 11,412

Leases and Other Commitments _2

Leases and Other Commitments - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)
Operating Leases
Operating ROU assets	$ 24,205
Operating lease liability, current	3,836
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	44,416
Total operating lease liabilities	48,252
Finance Leases
Property and equipment, at cost	4,475
Accumulated depreciation	(703)
Property and equipment, net	3,772
Finance lease liability, current	1,447
Finance lease liability, net of current portion	2,375
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 3,822
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term	11 years 4 months 24 days
Finance leases, weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 6 months
Operating leases, weighted average remaining discount rate	9.80%
Finance leases, weighted average remaining discount rate	5.50%

Leases and Other Commitments _3

Leases and Other Commitments - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Operating cash outflows for operating leases	$ 6,413
Operating cash outflows for finance leases	108
Financing cash outflows for finance leases	653
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	523
ROU assets obtained in exchange for finance lease obligations	$ 4,475

Leases and Other Commitments _4

Leases and Other Commitments - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)
Operating Leases
2020	$ 3,781
2021	6,896
2022	7,007
2023	7,050
2024	7,408
Thereafter	57,884
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due, Total	90,026
Less: imputed interest	(41,774)
Total	48,252
Finance Leases
2020	1,620
2021	1,620
2022	859
2023	0
2024	0
Thereafter	0
Total lease payments	4,099
Less: imputed interest	(277)
Total	$ 3,822

Leases and Other Commitments _5

Leases and Other Commitments - Summary of Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Office Leases
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2019	$ 6,985
2020	6,371
2021	8,331
2022	6,939
2023	6,987
Thereafter	65,151
Total	100,764
Total	100,764
Equipment Leases
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2019	216
2020	22
2021	0
2022	0
2023	0
Thereafter	0
Total	238
Total	238
Lease Related Commitments
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2019	29,587
2020	0
2021	0
2022	0
2023	0
Thereafter	0
Total	29,587
Tenant Improvement Allowance	(14,441)
Total	$ 15,146

Leases and Other Commitments _6

Leases and Other Commitments - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2019ft²	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2018ft²
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term	11 years 4 months 24 days
Number of square feet | ft²		28,805		176,222
Term of lease	150 months
Payment of royalty fees	$ 0.3
Outstanding letters of credit	$ 10.5		$ 10.5
Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term	1 year
Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term	12 years
Renewal term	5 years

Segment and Geographic Inform_3

Segment and Geographic Information - Summary of Revenues By Geography (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 68,618	$ 66,155	$ 65,275	$ 60,304	$ 60,216	$ 54,948	$ 59,883	$ 51,696	$ 260,352	$ 226,743	$ 176,737
Domestic
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue									176,187	161,716	128,997
International
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue									$ 84,165	$ 65,027	$ 47,740

Segment and Geographic Inform_4

Segment and Geographic Information - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Sales Revenue, Net | Geographic Concentration Risk
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage	12.20%

Retirement Plans (Details)

Retirement Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]
Eligibility to participate, days of service	45 days
Eligibility to participate, years of age	21 years
Maximum annual contributions per employee	75.00%
Vesting percentage of employer contribution	25.00%
Vesting term of employer contribution	4 years
Contribution expense related to employer matching contributions	$ 5.5	$ 4.7	$ 3.3
Foreign Plan
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]
Contribution expense related to employer matching contributions	$ 1.5	$ 1.3	$ 0.9

Selected Quarterly Informatio_3

Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited) - Quarterly Financial Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 68,618	$ 66,155	$ 65,275	$ 60,304	$ 60,216	$ 54,948	$ 59,883	$ 51,696	$ 260,352	$ 226,743	$ 176,737
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	22,773	23,951	23,051	24,066	22,210	20,092	21,574	21,049	93,841	84,925	64,597
Gross profit	45,845	42,204	42,224	36,238	38,006	34,856	38,309	30,647	166,511	141,818	112,140
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	31,254	27,603	29,992	28,591	30,177	25,467	27,384	22,964	117,440	105,992	81,966
Research and development	15,625	15,697	12,765	13,956	12,332	11,737	10,785	9,870	58,043	44,724	34,835
General and administrative	12,028	11,191	9,261	9,016	8,799	12,537	8,425	8,060	41,496	37,821	27,150
Total operating expenses	58,907	54,491	52,018	51,563	51,308	49,741	46,594	40,894	216,979	188,537	143,951
Operating loss	(13,062)	(12,287)	(9,794)	(15,325)	(13,302)	(14,885)	(8,285)	(10,247)	(50,468)	(46,719)	(31,811)
Other (income) expense:
Other (income) expense, net	(2,822)	2,262	(79)	(302)	510	110	2,593	(918)	(941)	2,295	(2,038)
Interest expense	131	96	69	71	64	67	54	13	367	198	473
Total other (income) expense	(2,691)	2,358	(10)	(231)	574	177	2,647	(905)	(574)	2,493	(1,565)
Loss before income taxes	(10,371)	(14,645)	(9,784)	(15,094)	(13,876)	(15,062)	(10,932)	(9,342)	(49,894)	(49,212)	(30,246)
Income tax expense (benefit)	426	5	267	122	27	(34)	35	211	820	239	761
Net loss	(10,797)	(14,650)	(10,051)	(15,216)	(13,903)	(15,028)	(10,967)	(9,553)	(50,714)	(49,451)	(31,007)
Stock-based compensation expense									16,443	16,054	12,976
Subscriptions
Revenue:
Total revenue	42,108	37,774	36,860	34,557	35,108	30,905	33,047	26,952	151,299	126,012	91,514
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	4,993	4,484	4,036	3,585	3,284	3,261	2,824	2,628	17,098	11,997	9,379
Professional services
Revenue:
Total revenue	26,510	28,381	28,415	25,747	25,108	24,043	26,836	24,744	109,053	100,731	85,223
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	$ 17,780	$ 19,467	$ 19,015	$ 20,481	$ 18,926	16,831	$ 18,750	$ 18,421	$ 76,743	$ 72,928	$ 55,218
Chief Executive Officer | 2007 Stock Option Plan
Other (income) expense:
Stock-based compensation expense						$ 4,500

Selected Quarterly Informatio_4

Selected Quarterly Information (Unaudited) - Revenue by Services (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 68,618	$ 66,155	$ 65,275	$ 60,304	$ 60,216	$ 54,948	$ 59,883	$ 51,696	$ 260,352	$ 226,743	$ 176,737
Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	70,470	69,387	66,911	59,579					266,347
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	(1,852)	(3,232)	(1,636)	725					(5,995)
SaaS subscriptions
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,381	24,573	22,796	21,278					95,028
SaaS subscriptions | Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	25,822	23,659	22,014	20,611
SaaS subscriptions | Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	559	914	782	667
Term license subscriptions
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	11,569	9,199	10,103	9,557					40,428
Term license subscriptions | Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	17,256	16,776	16,011	12,974
Term license subscriptions | Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	(5,687)	(7,577)	(5,908)	(3,417)
Maintenance and support
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	4,158	4,002	3,961	3,722					15,843
Maintenance and support | Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,240	1,164	1,234	1,324
Maintenance and support | Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	2,918	2,838	2,727	2,398
Professional services
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,510	28,381	28,415	25,747	$ 25,108	$ 24,043	$ 26,836	$ 24,744	109,053	$ 100,731	$ 85,223
Professional services | Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect before Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	26,152	27,788	27,652	24,670					106,262
Professional services | Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 | Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 358	$ 593	$ 763	$ 1,077					$ 2,791

Subsequent Events (Details)

Subsequent Events (Details)	Jan. 01, 2020USD ($)ft²	Jan. 31, 2020USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2019ft²	Apr. 30, 2018ft²
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of square feet | ft²			28,805	176,222
Subsequent Event | Lease Second Amendment
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of square feet | ft²	34,158
Monthly base rent | $	$ 87,388
Lease term for initial monthly rent	27 months
Subsequent Event | Robotic Process Automation Platform
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Acquisition price | $		$ 7,000,000

Uncategorized Items - appn-2019

Label	Element	Value
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ 60,941,000
Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 [Member] | Retained Earnings [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ 60,941,000