Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | (7) Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses The components of loans receivable are as follows: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2022 2021 Real estate loans: First mortgages: One- to four-family residential $ 1,253,558 $ 1,267,537 Multi-family residential 6,448 5,468 Construction, commercial and other 23,903 18,590 Home equity loans and lines of credit 6,426 7,121 Total real estate loans 1,290,335 1,298,716 Other loans: Loans on deposit accounts 216 278 Consumer and other loans 8,381 8,192 Total other loans 8,597 8,470 Less: Net unearned fees and discounts (2,136) (1,693) Allowance for loan losses (2,032) (2,669) Total unearned fees, discounts and allowance for loan losses (4,168) (4,362) Loans receivable, net $ 1,294,764 $ 1,302,824 The table below presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment: Construction, Home Commercial Equity and Other Loans and Residential Mortgage Lines of Consumer (Dollars in thousands) Mortgage Loans Credit and Other Unallocated Totals Year ended December 31, 2022: Balance, beginning of year $ 1,814 $ 435 $ 1 $ 89 $ 330 $ 2,669 (Reversal of provision) provision for loan losses (551) (1) — 47 (71) (576) 1,263 434 1 136 259 2,093 Charge-offs — — — (62) — (62) Recoveries — — — 1 — 1 Net charge-offs — — — (61) — (61) Balance, end of year $ 1,263 $ 434 $ 1 $ 75 $ 259 $ 2,032 Year ended December 31, 2021: Balance, beginning of year $ 3,102 $ 406 $ 1 $ 146 $ 607 $ 4,262 (Reversal of provision) provision for loan losses (1,305) 29 — (39) (277) (1,592) 1,797 435 1 107 330 2,670 Charge-offs — — — (22) — (22) Recoveries 17 — — 4 — 21 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 17 — — (18) — (1) Balance, end of year $ 1,814 $ 435 $ 1 $ 89 $ 330 $ 2,669 The allowance for loan loss for each segment of the loan portfolio is generally determined by calculating the historical loss of each segment in a seven-year look-back period and adding a qualitative adjustment, when appropriate, for the following factors: ● changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collections, charge-off and recovery practices; ● changes in international, national, regional and local economic business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio; ● changes in the bank’s internal loan review system; ● changes in the experience, depth and ability of personnel in the mortgage loan origination and loan servicing departments; ● changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of nonaccrual loans and classified assets; ● changes in the nature and volume of loans being originated; ● changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans; ● existence and any changes in concentrations of credit; ● external factors such as competition, legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the existing loan portfolio; and ● changes in the amount of loans with payment deferrals. The Company has granted loan payment deferrals to borrowers who have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional loan loss provisions were established because of these loan payment deferrals and the higher unemployment rate that occurred because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. The unallocated allowance is established for probable losses that have been incurred as of the reporting date but are not reflected in the allocated allowance. Management considers the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2022 to be at an appropriate level to provide for probable losses that can be reasonably estimated based on general and specific conditions at that date. While the Company uses the best information it has available to make evaluations, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if conditions differ substantially from the information used in making the evaluations. To the extent actual outcomes differ from the estimates, additional provisions for credit losses may be required that would reduce future earnings. The table below presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans, net of unearned fees and discounts, by portfolio segment and based on impairment method: Construction, Home Commercial Equity and Other Loans and Residential Mortgage Lines of Consumer (Dollars in thousands) Mortgage Loans Credit and Other Unallocated Totals December 31, 2022: Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,263 434 1 75 259 2,032 Total ending allowance balance $ 1,263 $ 434 $ 1 $ 75 $ 259 $ 2,032 Loans: Ending loan balance: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,693 $ — $ 16 $ — $ 6 $ 2,715 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,255,300 23,775 6,411 8,595 — 1,294,081 Total ending loan balance $ 1,257,993 $ 23,775 $ 6,427 $ 8,595 $ 6 $ 1,296,796 December 31, 2021: Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,814 435 1 89 330 2,669 Total ending allowance balance $ 1,814 $ 435 $ 1 $ 89 $ 330 $ 2,669 Loans: Ending loan balance: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 3,812 $ — $ 19 $ — $ — $ 3,831 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,267,560 18,529 7,103 8,470 — 1,301,662 Total ending loan balance $ 1,271,372 $ 18,529 $ 7,122 $ 8,470 $ — $ 1,305,493 The table below presents the balance of impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans: Unpaid Recorded Principal (Dollars in thousands) Investment Balance December 31, 2022: With no related allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 2,693 $ 3,209 Home equity loans and lines of credit 16 30 Consumer loans 6 6 Total $ 2,715 $ 3,245 December 31, 2021: With no related allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 3,812 $ 4,299 Home equity loans and lines of credit 19 31 Total $ 3,831 $ 4,330 The table below presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by class of loans: Average Recorded Interest Income (Dollars in thousands) Investment Recognized 2022: With no related allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 2,776 $ 24 Home equity loans and lines of credit 17 — Consumer loans 6 — Total $ 2,799 $ 24 2021: With no related allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 3,888 $ 36 Home equity loans and lines of credit 21 — Total $ 3,909 $ 36 There were no loans individually evaluated for impairment with a related allowance for loan loss as of December 31, 2022 or 2021. Loans individually evaluated for impairment do not have an allocated allowance for loan loss because they are written down to fair value at the time of impairment. An impaired loan would also not have an allocated allowance if the value of the property securing the loan, less the cost to sell the property, is greater than the loan balance. The table below presents the aging of loans and accrual status by class of loans, net of unearned fees and discounts. Loans with a formal loan payment deferral plan in place are not considered contractually past due or delinquent if the borrower is in compliance with the loan payment deferral plan: Loans 90 Days or More 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 Days or Past Due Days Past Days Past More Total Past Loans Not Total Nonaccrual and Still (Dollars in thousands) Due Due Past Due Due Past Due Loans Loans Accruing December 31, 2022: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ — $ 409 $ 559 $ 968 $ 1,250,586 $ 1,251,554 $ 2,279 $ — Multi-family residential mortgages — — — — 6,439 6,439 — — Construction, commercial and other mortgages — — — — 23,775 23,775 — — Home equity loans and lines of credit — — — — 6,427 6,427 16 — Loans on deposit accounts — — — — 217 217 — — Consumer and other 6 — 6 12 8,372 8,384 6 — Total $ 6 $ 409 $ 565 $ 980 $ 1,295,816 $ 1,296,796 $ 2,301 $ — December 31, 2021: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 129 $ — $ 244 $ 373 $ 1,265,540 $ 1,265,913 $ 3,261 $ — Multi-family residential mortgages — — — — 5,459 5,459 — — Construction, commercial and other mortgages — — — — 18,529 18,529 — — Home equity loans and lines of credit — — — — 7,122 7,122 19 — Loans on deposit accounts — — — — 278 278 — — Consumer and other 3 — 24 27 8,165 8,192 — 24 Total $ 132 $ — $ 268 $ 400 $ 1,305,093 $ 1,305,493 $ 3,280 $ 24 The Company primarily uses the aging of loans and accrual status to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio. When a mortgage loan becomes seriously delinquent ( or more contractually past due), it displays weaknesses that may result in a loss. As a loan becomes more delinquent, the likelihood of the borrower repaying the loan decreases and the loan becomes more collateral-dependent. A mortgage loan becomes collateral-dependent when the proceeds for repayment can be expected to come only from the sale or operation of the collateral and not from borrower repayments. Generally, appraisals are obtained after a loan becomes collateral-dependent or is delinquent. The carrying value of collateral-dependent loans is adjusted to the fair value of the collateral less selling costs. Any commercial real estate, commercial, construction or equity loan that has a loan balance in excess of a specified amount is also periodically reviewed to determine whether the loan exhibits any weaknesses and is performing in accordance with its contractual terms. The Company had 15 nonaccrual loans with a book value of $2.3 million at December 31, 2022 and 10 nonaccrual loans with a book value of $3.3 million as of December 31, 2021. The Company did not have any loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest as of December 31, 2022. The Company had There were no loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the year ended December 31, 2022 or 2021. There were no new troubled debt restructurings during the 12 months ended December 31, 2022 that subsequently defaulted. Loan modifications under the CARES Act and the Interagency Statements issued by bank regulators in 2020 are discussed below. The table below summarizes troubled debt restucturings outstanding by class of loans: Number of Accrual Number of Nonaccrual (Dollars in thousands) Loans Status Loans Status Total December 31, 2022: One- to four-family residential mortgages 2 $ 414 2 $ 410 $ 824 Total 2 $ 414 2 $ 410 $ 824 December 31, 2021: One- to four-family residential mortgages 3 $ 551 1 $ 340 $ 891 Total 3 $ 551 1 $ 340 $ 891 There were no delinquent troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2022. There was that was 59 days delinquent at December 31, 2021. Restructurings include deferrals of interest and/or principal payments and temporary or permanent reductions in interest rates due to the financial difficulties of the borrowers. At December 31, 2022, the Company has The CARES Act provided relief to financial institutions from categorizing eligible loan modifications as troubled debt restructurings over the remaining life of the modified loan. Eligible loan modifications under the CARES Act were required to be related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the borrower’s payments must not have been more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. Loan modifications under the CARES Act must have been executed during the period from March 1, 2020 to January 1, 2022. Banking regulators issued similar guidance, which also clarified that a COVID-19 related loan modification should not be considered a troubled debt restructuring if the borrower was not more than 30 days past due on payments at the time the loan modification program was implemented and the modification is considered short-term (not to exceed six months). The Company uses the provisions of the CARES Act and the Interagency Statements to account for the eligible loans that received modifications. The Company has granted loan payment deferrals to borrowers who have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The table below summarizes loans in the loan payment deferral program by class of loan for which deferred payment amounts continue to remain outstanding: December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Loans in the Loan Payment Deferral Program Percent of Total Loans Loans in the Loan Payment Deferral Program Percent of Total Loans One- to four-family residential mortgage $ 59,948 4.6 % $ 74,704 5.7 % Non-residential mortgage 3,220 0.3 3,928 0.3 Total $ 63,168 4.9 % $ 78,632 6.0 % The loans on which the Company has granted loan payment deferrals are included in the ALLL calculation. However, loans performing under a loan payment deferral agreement are not considered contractually past due and are excluded from the past due statistics above. The ratio of the current loan balance to the current tax-assessed value of the property securing the mortgage loans in the payment deferral program averaged 49.4% at December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2022, one- to four-family residential mortgage loans represented . All of the Company’s residential mortgage loans are secured by real estate in Hawaii. As of December 31, 2022, there were $63.2 million of loans in the loan payment deferral program, of which $63.0 million had resumed regular payments and a $145,000 one-to four-family mortgage loan was over 150 days delinquent. Since the beginning of 2023, there has not been a material increase in loan delinquencies, significant changes in deposits or significant drawdowns on any lines of credit. We do not have any commercial loans to hotels, businesses in the transportation industry, restaurants or retail establishments. The Company had no real estate owned as of December 31, 2022 or 2021. There were in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2022. There were Nearly all the Company’s real estate loans are collateralized by real estate located in the State of Hawaii. Loan-to-value ratios on these real estate loans generally do not exceed During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company sold mortgage loans held for sale with principal balances of $5.4 million and $36.2 million, respectively, and recognized a loss of $3,000 and a gain of $663,000 , respectively. The Company had The Company serviced loans for others with principal balances of $36.0 million and $41.3 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Of these amounts, million of loan balances relate to securitizations for which the Company continues to hold the related mortgage-backed securities at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The amount of contractually specified servicing fees for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The fees are reported in service and other fees in the Consolidated Statements of Income. In the normal course of business, the Company has made loans to certain directors and executive officers under terms which management believes are consistent with the Company’s general lending policies. Loans to directors and executive officers amounted to |