Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Significant Accounting Policies | ' |
|
|
|
|
2. Significant Accounting Policies |
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires those responsible for preparing financial statements to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Trust. |
2.1. Valuation of Silver |
Silver is held by HSBC Bank USA, National Association (the “Custodian”), on behalf of the Trust and is valued, for financial statement purposes, at the lower of cost or market. The cost of silver is determined according to the average cost method and the market value is based on the London Fix used to determine the net asset value (“NAV”) of the Trust. Realized gains and losses on transfers of silver to pay the remuneration due to the Sponsor (“Sponsor’s Fee”), or silver distributed for the redemption of Shares, are calculated on a trade date basis using average cost. The price for an ounce of silver is set by three market making members of the London Bullion Market Association at approximately 12:00 noon London time on each working day. |
Once the value of silver has been determined, the NAV is computed by the Trustee by deducting all accrued fees and other liabilities of the Trust, including the Sponsor’s Fee, from the fair value of the silver and all other assets held by the Trust. |
The table below summarizes the unrealized gains or realized losses on the Trust’s silver holdings as of December 31, 2013 and 2012: |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| 31-Dec-13 | | 31-Dec-12 | | | |
(Amounts in 000's of US$) | | | | | | | | |
Investment in silver - average cost | $ | 491,080 | | $ | 509,601 | | | |
Realized loss on investment in silver | | -144,644 | | | - | | | |
Investment in silver - lower of cost or market value | | 346,436 | | | 509,601 | | | |
Unrealized gain on investment in silver | | - | | | 41,879 | | | |
Investment in silver - market value | $ | 346,436 | | $ | 551,480 | | | |
The Trust recognizes the diminution in value of the investment in silver which arises from market declines on an interim basis. Increases in the value of the investment in silver through market price recoveries in later interim periods of the same fiscal year are recognized in the later interim period. Increases in value recognized on an interim basis may not exceed the previously recognized diminution in value. At December 31, 2013 the market value of silver had fallen below the average cost, therefore a loss of $144,644,320 was realized on the silver. |
The per Share amount of silver exchanged for a purchase or redemption is calculated daily by the Trustee, using the London Fix to calculate the silver amount in respect of any liabilities for which covering silver sales have not yet been made, and represents the per-Share amount of silver held by the Trust, after giving effect to its liabilities, to cover expenses and liabilities and any losses that may have occurred. |
2.2. Silver Receivable and Payable |
Silver receivable or payable represents the quantity of silver covered by contractually binding orders for the creation or redemption of Shares respectively, where the silver has not yet been transferred to or from the Trust’s account. Generally, ownership of the silver is transferred within three days of trade date. There was no silver receivable or payable at December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
|
|
|
2.3. Creations and Redemptions of Shares |
The Trust expects to create and redeem Shares from time to time, but only in one or more Baskets (a Basket equals a block of 100,000 Shares). The Trust issues Shares in Baskets to Authorized Participants on an ongoing basis. Individual investors cannot purchase or redeem Shares in direct transactions with the Trust. An Authorized Participant is a person who (1) is a registered broker-dealer or other securities market participant such as a bank or other financial institution which is not required to register as a broker-dealer to engage in securities transactions, (2) is a participant in The Depository Trust Company, (3) has entered into an Authorized Participant Agreement with the Trustee and the Sponsor and (4) has established an Authorized Participant Unallocated Account with the Custodian or another silver bullion clearing bank to effect transactions in silver bullion. An Authorized Participant Agreement is an agreement entered into by each Authorized Participant, the Sponsor and the Trustee which provides the procedures for the creation and redemption of Baskets and for the delivery of the silver required for such creations and redemptions. An Authorized Participant Unallocated Account is an unallocated silver account established with the Custodian by an Authorized Participant. |
The creation and redemption of Baskets is only made in exchange for the delivery to the Trust or the distribution by the Trust of the amount of silver represented by the Baskets being created or redeemed, the amount of which is based on the combined NAV of the number of Shares included in the Baskets being created or redeemed determined on the day the order to create or redeem Baskets is properly received. |
Authorized Participants may, on any business day, place an order with the Trustee to create or redeem one or more Baskets. The typical settlement period for Shares is three business days. In the event of a trade date at period end, where a settlement is pending, a respective account receivable and/or payable will be recorded. When silver is exchanged in settlement of redemption, it is considered a sale of silver for financial statement purposes. |
The amount of bullion represented by the Baskets created or redeemed can only be settled to the nearest 1/1000th of an ounce. As a result, the value attributed to the creation or redemption of Shares may differ from the value of bullion to be delivered or distributed by the Trust. In order to ensure that the correct metal is available at all times to back the Shares, the Sponsor accepts an adjustment to its management fees in the event of any shortfall or excess. For each transaction, this amount is not more than 1/1000th of an ounce. |
The Shares of the Trust are classified as “Redeemable Capital Shares” for financial statement purposes, since they are subject to redemption at the option of Authorized Participants. Outstanding Shares are reflected at redemption value, which represents the maximum obligation (based on NAV per Share) with the difference from historical cost recorded as an offsetting amount to retained earnings. |
Changes in the Shares for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are as follows: |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Year | | Year | | Year |
| Ended | | Ended | | Ended |
| 31-Dec-13 | | 31-Dec-12 | | 31-Dec-11 |
(Amounts in 000's of US$, except for Share and per Share data) | | | | | | | | |
Number of redeemable Shares | | | | | | | | |
Opening balance | | 18,600,000 | | | 19,100,000 | | | 16,700,000 |
Creations | | 900,000 | | | 1,700,000 | | | 8,900,000 |
Redemptions | | -1,500,000 | | | -2,200,000 | | | -6,500,000 |
Closing balance | | 18,000,000 | | | 18,600,000 | | | 19,100,000 |
| | | | | | | | |
Redeemable Shares: | | | | | | | | |
Opening balance | $ | 551,340 | | $ | 534,305 | | $ | 509,311 |
Creations | | 24,087 | | | 54,303 | | | 342,215 |
Redemptions | | -32,844 | | | -64,809 | | | -238,993 |
Adjustment to redemption value | | -196,235 | | | 27,541 | | | -78,228 |
Closing balance | $ | 346,348 | | $ | 551,340 | | $ | 534,305 |
| | | | | | | | |
Redemption value per Share at year end | $ | 19.24 | | $ | 29.64 | | $ | 27.97 |
|
|
|
2.4. Revenue Recognition Policy |
Revenue consists of realized gains / losses resulting from the transfer of silver for Share redemptions and / or to pay expenses. Realized gains / losses are recognized on a trade date basis. |
The primary expense of the Trust is the Sponsor’s Fee, which is paid by the Trust through in-kind transfers of silver to the Sponsor. With respect to expenses not otherwise assumed by the Sponsor, the Trustee will, at the direction of the Sponsor or in its own discretion, sell the Trust’s silver as necessary to pay these expenses. When selling silver to pay expenses, the Trustee will endeavor to sell the smallest amounts of silver needed to pay these expenses in order to minimize the Trust’s holdings of assets other than silver. |
Unless otherwise directed by the Sponsor, when selling silver the Trustee will endeavor to sell at the price established by the London Fix. The Trustee will place orders with dealers (which may include the Custodian) through which the Trustee expects to receive the most favorable price and execution of orders. The Custodian may be the purchaser of such silver only if the sale transaction is made at the next London PM Fix used by the Trustees to value the Trust’s silver. Following the sale order, a gain or loss is recognized based on the difference between the selling price and the average cost of the silver sold. Neither the Trustee nor the Sponsor is liable for depreciation or loss incurred by reason of any sale. |
2.5. Income Taxes |
The Trust is classified as a “grantor trust” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Trust itself will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. Instead, the Trust’s income and expenses will “flow through” to the Shareholders, and the Trustee will report the Trust’s proceeds, income, deductions, gains, and losses to the Internal Revenue Service on that basis. |
The Trust has adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740-10, Income Taxes. The Sponsor has evaluated the application of ASC 740-10 to the Trust, to determine whether or not there are uncertain tax positions that require financial statement recognition. Based on this evaluation, the Sponsor has determined no reserves for uncertain tax positions are required to be recorded as a result of the application of ASC 740. As a result, no income tax liability or expense has been recorded in the accompanying financial statement. |
|
|
|
2.6 Investment in Silver |
Changes in ounces of silver and the respective values for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are as follows: |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Year | | Year | | Year |
| Ended | | Ended | | Ended |
| 31-Dec-13 | | 31-Dec-12 | | 31-Dec-11 |
(Amounts in 000's of US$, except for ounces data) | | | | | | | | |
Ounces of silver | | | | | | | | |
Opening balance | | 18,413,374.2 | | | 19,263,211.3 | | | 16,432,768.8 |
Creations | | 890,077.9 | | | 1,684,899.6 | | | 9,048,980.8 |
Redemptions | | -1,482,521.10 | | | -2,479,571.60 | | | -6,164,137.00 |
Transfers of silver | | -54,982.20 | | | -55,165.10 | | | -54,401.30 |
Closing balance | | 17,765,948.8 | | | 18,413,374.2 | | | 19,263,211.3 |
| | | | | | | | |
Investment in silver (lower of cost or market value) | | | | | | | | |
Opening balance | $ | 509,601 | | | 524,563 | | $ | 329,357 |
Creations | | 24,087 | | | 54,303 | | | 348,315 |
Redemptions | | -41,085 | | | -67,753 | | | -151,790 |
Transfers of silver | | -1,523 | | | -1,512 | | | -1,319 |
Realized loss on investment in silver | | -144,644 | | | - | | | - |
Closing balance | $ | 346,436 | | $ | 509,601 | | $ | 524,563 |
At December 31, 2011, 297,810.213 oz of silver relating to unsettled redemptions were payable. The cost of silver payable at December 31, 2011 was $8,109,767 and its market value at December 31, 2011 was $8,392,292. |
These balances have been excluded from the December 31, 2011 balances in the table above. |
|
|
|
2.7. Expenses |
The Trust will transfer silver to the Sponsor to pay the Sponsor’s Fee that will accrue daily at an annualized rate equal to 0.45% of the adjusted daily NAV of the Trust, paid monthly in arrears. Presently, the Sponsor is continuing to waive a portion of its fee and reduce the Sponsor’s Fee to 0.30% (which it has done since the Date of Inception). |
The Sponsor has agreed to assume administrative and marketing expenses incurred by the Trust, including the Trustee’s monthly fee and out-of-pocket expenses, the Custodian’s fee and the reimbursement of the Custodian’s expenses, exchange listing fees, United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) registration fees, printing and mailing costs, audit fees and certain legal expenses. |
For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Sponsor’s Fee, net of waiver, was $1,308,257 (December 31, 2012: $1,707,955; December 31, 2011: $1,955,837). |
As a result of the waiver, fees waived for the year ending December 31, 2013 were $654,129 (December 31, 2012: $853,978; December 31, 2011: $977,919). |
At December 31, 2013, $88,391 was payable to the Sponsor (December 31, 2012: $140,323). |
2.8. Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In June 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2013-08, Financial Services –Investment Companies (Topic 946): Amendments to the Scope, Measurement and Disclosure Requirements. ASU 2013-08 changes the approach to the investment company assessment, requires non-controlling ownership interests in other investment companies to be measured at fair value, and requires additional disclosures about the investment company's status as an investment company. The amendments are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The Trust is currently evaluating the impact, if any, this pronouncement will have on the financial statements. |
2.9. Subsequent Events |
In accordance with the provisions set forth in FASB ASC 855-10, Subsequent Events, the Trust’s management has evaluated the possibility of subsequent events existing in the Trust’s financial statements through the issuance date. Management has determined that there are no material events that would require adjustment to or disclosure in the Trust’s financial statements through this date. |
|