The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 1. The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies SiTime Corporation (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware in December 2003. The Company is a leading provider of precision timing solutions to the global electronics industry, providing the timing functionality that is needed for electronics to operate reliably and correctly. The Company's products have been designed to address a wide range of applications across a broad array of end markets. The Company operates a fabless business model and leverages its global network of distributors to address the broad set of end markets that it serves. Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“the COVID-19 pandemic”) The COVID-19 pandemic continued to impact the Company's workforce and the operations of its customers and suppliers during 2022. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and related government measures, the Company implemented safety measures to protect its employees and contractors at its locations around the world. The effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on our business are evolving and difficult to predict. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations, and financial condition continues to depend on future developments which are not within our control and cannot be accurately predicted and are uncertain, including the duration, scope and severity of the pandemic, any additional resurgences, variants and the severity of variants, and the ability to effectively and widely manufacture and distribute vaccines. Reporting Calendar The Company’s fiscal year begins on January 1 of the year stated and ends on December 31 of the same year. The Company reports its results on a calendar year basis. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions include revenue recognition, non-recurring engineering services, estimate of reserve for excess and obsolete inventories, sales reserves, internally developed software capitalization, and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ materially from such estimates. Management believes that the estimates, and judgments upon which they rely, are reasonable based upon information available to them at the time that these estimates and judgments are made. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s consolidated financial statements will be affected. Foreign Currency Remeasurement The Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. Foreign currency assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars at the end-of-period exchange rates except for non-monetary assets and liabilities, which are measured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured using an average exchange rate in effect for the period, except for items related to non-monetary assets and liabilities, which are measured at historical exchange rates. Gains or losses from foreign currency remeasurement and transactions are included in other expense, net. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 , and 2020, foreign currency remeasurement and transactions gains and losses resulting in a net charge of $ 0.1 million, $ 0.5 million, and $ 0.1 million, respectively. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash balances in the Company’s bank checking and savings accounts and liquid short-term investments with original or remaining maturities of 90 days or less at the date of purchase, readily convertible to known amounts of cash. Fair Value Measurements The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and other current liabilities, approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The Company determines fair value measurements used in its consolidated financial statements based upon the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between (i) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs), and (ii) an entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below: Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity has the ability to access. Level 2: Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3: Valuations based on inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Cash and cash equivalents At December 31, 2022 and 2021 , cash balances in bank checking and savings accounts of $ 31.6 million and $ 339.3 million, were valued using Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. At December 31, 2022 and 2021 , highly liquid money market funds of $ 3.0 million and $ 220.2 million, respectively, were valued using Level 1, of the fair value hierarchy, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and are included in cash equivalents. Short-term investments in held-to-maturity securities As of December 31, 2022 , the Company had entered into treasury bills with maturities ranging from 3 to 6 months , which the Company intends to hold until maturity and has classified as held-to-maturity securities. The held-to-maturity securities are recorded at amortized cost totaling $ 524.4 million with gross unrealized gains of $ 5.1 million and net carrying value of $ 529.5 million. The carrying value of our investments is reviewed quarterly for changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events that suggests an investment may not be fully recoverable. These treasury bills were valued using Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets, and are included in short-term investments. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 categories during any of the periods presented. Accounts Receivable and Allowances for Credit Losses Accounts receivable are stated at amounts estimated by management to be net realizable value. An allowance for credit losses is recorded when it is probable that amounts will not be collected based on historical collection trends, age of outstanding receivables, specific customer circumstances, existing economic conditions and future forecasted information. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally requires no collateral from its customers. Losses have not been significant in any of the periods presented. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents amount is subject to concentration of credit risk. Substantially all of the Company's cash and cash equivalents balances are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits with financial institutions. The Company extends credit based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and collateral is not typically required. The Company primarily sells its products through third-party distributors. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 , and 2020, three distributors directly accounted for 10 % or more of the Company’s revenue. The following table discloses these customers’ percentage of revenue for the respective periods: Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Customer Pernas Electronics Co. Ltd. 20 % 24 % 26 % Arrow Electronics, Inc. 17 % 14 % 15 % Quantek Technology Corporation 12 % 10 % 18 % Revenue from sales to one end customer through multiple distributors accounted for 20 %, 22 % and 40 % of consolidated revenues for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 , respectively. No other distributors or end customers accounted for 10 % or more of the Company's consolidated revenues for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. At December 31, 2022 and 2021 these customers accounted for 10 % or more of accounts receivable : As of December 31, 2022 2021 Customer Pernas Electronics Co. Ltd. 24 % 16 % Quantek Technology Corporation 17 % 13 % Arrow Electronics, Inc. 15 % 14 % Smith & Associates 0 % 11 % Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. The Company, at least quarterly, assesses the recoverability of all inventories to determine whether adjustments are required to record inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The Company reduces the value of inventory by establishing excess and obsolete inventories reserves based on management’s assessment of future demand and market conditions. Actual demand may differ from forecasted demand and such differences may have a material effect on recorded value of inventory. Inventory reserve write-downs, once established, are not released until the related inventory has been sold or scrapped. Rebates from the Company’s foundries are recorded as a reduction of inventory cost and are recognized in cost of revenue over the inventory turnover days of the Company. Most of the Company’s inventory is warehoused at its contract manufacturers. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of property and equipment is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: Lab and manufacturing equipment 3 to 7 years Computer equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 5 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of remaining lease term or estimated useful lives of the assets The Company capitalizes the costs of purchased mask sets that are utilized during the photolithography phase of manufacturing our products, when technological feasibility and marketability have been established. The capitalization occurs upon the completion of a detailed design, the absence of significant development uncertainties and the determination of market acceptance. Such amounts are included in property and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized to cost of revenue over their estimated useful life of 5 to 7 years . However, if significant uncertainties exist regarding the future utility of a particular mask set, then its related costs are expensed to research and development at the time the significant uncertainties are identified. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred, and expenditures that extend the useful lives of assets are capitalized. Upon retirement or sale of the property and equipment, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is recorded in operating expenses. Intangible Assets Intangible assets include the costs related to acquired software as well as costs related to software internally developed, or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development. The Company develops proprietary design automation software for its MEMS-based resonators. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during post implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the software are capitalized. The Company defines the configuration and coding process as the application development stage. Capitalized internal use software costs are amortized, on a straight-line basis under cost of revenue over the estimated useful life of approximately 2 to 3 years. Purchased intangibles with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets of 3 to 5 years . Leases The Company applies the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), Topic 842 to individual leases of assets. The Company recognizes a transaction as a lease when it receives substantially all of the economic benefits from and directs the use of specified property, plant and equipment. Operating leases are included in right-of-use (“ROU”), assets, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the present value of the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The Company currently does no t have any finance leases . The Company has elected the practical expedient within ASC Topic 842 to not separate lease and non-lease components within lease transactions for all classes of assets. Additionally, the Company has elected the short-term lease exception for all classes of assets and does not apply the recognition requirements for leases of 12 months or less and recognizes lease payments for short-term leases as expense either straight-line over the lease term or as incurred depending on whether the lease payments are fixed or variable. These elections are applied consistently for all leases. When discount rates implicit in leases cannot be readily determined, the Company uses the applicable incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement to perform lease classification tests on lease components and to measure ROU assets and lease liabilities. The incremental borrowing rate used by the Company was based on the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. The Company determined that no events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment of its long-lived assets has occurred. Warranty The Company provides limited lifetime warranty coverage on all of its products by guaranteeing that all timing components from the Company will be free from defects in workmanship and materials and will conform to specifications for the life of the system. This assurance-type warranty is not considered a separate performance obligation, and thus no transaction price is allocated to it. The Company records the warranty costs in cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The warranty reserve is calculated using historical claim information to project future warranty claims activity and is recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets based on the expected timing of the related payments. To date, the Company has had negligible returns of any defective products, and hence the warranty reserve balances as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were less than $ 0.1 million. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided in order to reduce the deferred tax assets to a level which, more likely than not, will be realized. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”) and The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES Act”) , make broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code. These computations require significant judgments and estimates to be made regarding the interpretation of the provisions within the Tax Act along with the preparation and analysis of information not previously required. While the Company believes it has adequately reserved for its uncertain tax positions, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be different. The Company adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax audit. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such differences will impact the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate in the period in which such determination is made. The Company recognizes tax positions in the consolidated financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. Liabilities are established for differences between positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The Company reports interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, in the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). To the extent that accrued interest and penalties do not ultimately become payable, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of the overall provision for income taxes in the period that such determination is made. Revenue Recognition The Company derives revenue from its product sales to distributors, who in turn sell to original equipment manufacturers or other end customers. The Company recognizes product revenue, at a point in time, upon shipment when it satisfies its performance obligations as evidenced by the transfer of control of its products to customers. The Company measures revenue based on the amount of consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for products. Variable consideration is estimated and reflected as an adjustment to the transaction price. Depending on the terms of the contract, variable consideration is estimated using either the expected value approach or the most likely value approach. The Company determines variable consideration, which consists primarily of price adjustments and product returns by estimating the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive from its customers based on historical experience of price adjustments and product returns. Initial estimates of price adjustments and product returns are updated at the end of each reporting period if additional information becomes available. Changes to the Company’s estimated variable consideration were not material for the periods presented. Since the Company’s performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year, it does not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. The Company’s payment terms vary by contract type and type of customer and generally range from 30 to 60 days from shipment. The Company has also elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over the products sold passes to customers and revenue is recognized. As a practical expedient, the Company records the incremental costs of obtaining a contract, consisting primarily of sales commissions, when incurred because the amortization period is one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses. The Company had a distribution agreement with MegaChips, whereby the Company appointed MegaChips as the exclusive distributor of its products in Japan. The Company recognized revenue upon shipment derived from sales of products through MegaChips in the amount of expected payments from parties which purchased the products as adjusted for estimated price concessions and product returns. In connection with the Company's efforts to contract directly with distributors in Japan, the Company and MegaChips mutually terminated the Distribution Agreement effective November 3, 2021 . Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue consists of wafers acquired from third-party foundries, assembly, packaging, and test cost of the Company’s products paid to third-party contract manufacturers, and personnel and other costs associated with the manufacturing operations of the Company. Cost of revenue also includes depreciation of production equipment, inventory write-downs, amortization of internally developed software, shipping and handling costs, and allocation of overhead and facility costs. The Company also includes credits for rebates received from foundries in cost of revenue. Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs consist primarily of personnel cost, material cost, and facilities related expenses, incurred in the course of planned research and development of new products. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Non-recurring engineering services The Company has certain contracts to provide non-recurring engineering (NRE) services for research and development arrangements through 2023, which do not meet the requirement to be accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company recognizes the payments received under these NRE arrangements as liabilities and recognizes them as an offset to research a nd development expense as the company achieve the milestones of the contract. As the progress towards completion occurs, the Company uses an input method based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs of the project. Significant judgment is required to estimate the remaining effort to complete the project. These estimates are reassessed throughout the term of the arrangement. A liability of $ 2.7 million and $ 0.2 million was recorded as accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other non-current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. A liability of $ 5.7 million and $ 0.5 million was recorded as accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other non-current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded $ 9.0 million and $ 2.4 million, respectively as a reduction of research and development expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. There was no reduction of research and development expense recorded during the year ended December 31, 2020. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel costs, field application engineering support, travel costs, professional and consulting fees, accounting and audit fees, legal, advertising expenses, and allocated overhead costs. Selling, general and administrative costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses were $ 2.3 million, $ 1.5 million and $ 0.3 million, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 , and 2020, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation The Company grants restricted stock units (“RSUs”) of its own common stock and such grants are valued at the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant and recognizes the compensation expense using the straight-line method over the requisite service period. The Company amortizes stock-based compensation expense for time-based awards under the straight-line attribution method over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense for performance-based awards is recognized when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be met. The Company amortizes stock-based compensation expense for performance-based awards using the accelerated method. The Company recognizes the expense related to the multi-year performance based restricted stock unit awards ("MYPSU") on a graded-vesting method over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. Refer to "Note 3 - Net Income (Loss) Per Share" for further discussion regarding potentially dilutive and anti-dilutive securities. Comprehensive Income (Loss) The Company has no components of other comprehensive income loss. Therefore, net income (loss) equals comprehensive income (loss) for all periods presented. |