Income Taxes | 10. Income Taxes The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in Switzerland, South Africa, the United States and Brazil. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 2014 2015 2014 Switzerland $ 312,843 $ (397,962) $ 83,321 $ (883,745) South Africa $ (122,324) (157,520) (258,310) (384,174) United States $ (67,620) (403,706) (233,985) (647,105) Brazil - - - - Total Net Income (Loss) $ 122,899 $ (959,188) $ (408,974) $ (1,915,024) Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 2014 2015 2014 Current tax provision: Switzerland $ - $ - $ - $ - South Africa - - - - United States - - - - Brazil - - - - Total current tax provision - $ - - $ - Deferred tax provision: Switzerland 56,767 $ (71,303) 15,759 $ (158,070) South Africa (34,215) (44,066) (72,256) (107,490) United States (23,667) (141,297) (81,894) (226,487) Brazil 235,375 - 235,375 - Change in valuation allowance (234,260) 256,666 (96,984) 492,047 Total deferred provision - - - - Total $ - $ - $ - $ - The Company has determined that the future tax benefits from net operating losses are not likely to be realized in future periods and a full valuation allowance has been provided for all periods. The income tax effect of each type of temporary difference giving rise to the net deferred tax asset as follows: June 30, December 31, 2015 2014 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 6,555,878 $ 6,652,861 Less: valuation allowance (6,555,878) (6,652,861) Total $ - $ - United Switzerland South Africa States Brazil Total Statutory rate of tax 8.5%/18% 28.0% 35.0% 25.0% Three months ended June 30, 2015: Net income (loss) from operations before taxes $ 312,843 $ (122,324) $ (67,620) $ - $ 122,899 As calculated at the statutory rate 56,767 (34,286) (23,667) - (1,186) Permanent differences - 71 - 235,375 235,446 Change in valuation reserves (56,767) 34,215 23,667 (235,375) (234,260) Provision for income taxes $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Three months ended June 30, 2014: Net (loss) from operations before taxes $ (397,962) $ (157,520) $ (403,706) $ - $ (959,188) As calculated at the statutory rate (71,303) (44,106) (141,297) - (256,706) Permanent differences - 40 - - 40 Change in valuation reserves 71,303 44,066 141,297 - 256,666 Provision for income taxes $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Six months ended June 30, 2015: Net income (loss) from operations before taxes $ 83,321 $ (258,310) $ (233,985) $ - $ (408,974) As calculated at the statutory rate 15,759 (72,327) (81,894) - (138,462) Permanent differences - 71 - 235,375 235,446 Change in valuation reserves (15,759) 72,256 81,894 (235,375) (96,984) Provision for income taxes $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Six months ended June 30, 2014: Net (loss) from operations before taxes $ (883,745) $ (384,174) $ (647,105) $ - $ (1,915,024) As calculated at the statutory rate (158,070) (107,569) (226,487) - (492,126) Permanent differences - 79 - - 79 Change in valuation reserves 158,070 107,490 226,487 - 492,047 Provision for income taxes $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Permanent differences are principally related to loss on disposal of property and equipment, interest and penalties and unallowable expenses. The Company and Group members remain subject to tax examinations for the year ended December 31, 2014 in Switzerland and South Africa, for the six years ended December 31, 2014 in the U.S and for the four years ended December 31, 2014 in Brazil. During December 2013 the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) notified the Company of assessments totaling $ 40,000 10,000 |