Stockholders' Equity | 10. Stockholders’ Equity Common stock warrants As of September 30, 2022, the Company`s outstanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock, consisted of the following: Issuance Date Number of Shares of Common Stock Issuable Exercise Price Classification Expiration Date May 9, 2017 33,964 $ 11.31 Equity May 8, 2027 July 19, 2019 43,878 $ 11.31 Equity July 18, 2029 77,842 Shares reserved for future issuance The Company has shares of common stock reserved for future issuances as follows: September 30, December, 31 2022 2021 Warrants to purchase common stock 77,842 77,842 Common stock options issued and outstanding 2,183,311 2,175,685 Common stock available for future grants 472,104 1,934,095 Restricted stock units issued and outstanding 1,703,213 394,750 Common stock available for ESPP 401,164 401,164 2008 Stock Plan and 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the 2021 and 2008 Plan) A summary of stock option activity is set forth below (in thousands, except share and per share data): Number of Weighted Weighted Aggregate Outstanding, December 31, 2021 2,175,685 $ 9.27 8.7 $ 2,856 Options granted 189,800 $ 3.27 Options exercised ( 56,964 ) $ 0.61 Options forfeited or cancelled ( 125,210 ) $ 8.71 Outstanding, September 30, 2022 2,183,311 $ 9.00 8.1 $ 99 Shares exercisable September 30, 2022 1,577,934 $ 9.66 7.8 $ 81 Vested and expected to vest, September 30, 2022 2,183,311 $ 9.00 8.1 $ 99 The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock for stock options that were in-the-money as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was de minimis and zero , respectively. The total fair value of options that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $ 2.9 million and $ 5.1 million, respectively. The options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 had a weighted-average per share grant-date fair value of $ 2.11 per share and $ 7.07 per share, respectively. As of September 30, 2022 , the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options was $ 5.9 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.2 years . Early exercise of stock options The terms of the 2008 Plan permit the exercise of certain options granted under the 2008 Plan prior to vesting, subject to required approvals. The shares are subject to the Company’s lapsing repurchase right upon termination of employment at the original purchase price. The proceeds initially are recorded in accrued current liabilities from the early exercise of stock options and are reclassified to additional paid-in capital as the Company’s repurchase right lapses. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no repurchases of common stock. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were 227,507 shares and 377,709 shares that were subject to repurchase, respectively. The aggregate exercise prices of early exercised shares as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were $ 0.1 million and $ 0.2 million, respectively, which were recorded in other current liabilities on the balance sheets. Restricted Stock Units A summary of RSU activity is set forth below (in thousands, except share and per share data): A summary of RSU activity is set forth below (in thousands, except share and per share data): Number of Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Unvested, January 1, 2022 394,750 $ 5.17 Granted 1,485,629 $ 2.57 Exercised/released ( 88,938 ) $ 2.85 Forfeited or cancelled ( 88,228 ) $ 3.09 Unvested, September 30, 2022 1,703,213 $ 3.13 As of September 30, 2022 , the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units was $ 3.5 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.8 years. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (ESPP) In October 2021, the board of directors adopted, and the stockholders approved the Company’s 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), which became effective on October 20, 2021, the business day prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement relating to the IPO. A total of 401,164 shares of common stock were initially reserved for issuance under the ESPP. The Company’s compensation committee administers the ESPP. Additional shares can be added to the ESPP at the beginning of each year as allowed by the plan. The ESPP provides for consecutive offering periods that typically have a duration of approximately twelve months in length and are comprised of two sequential purchase periods, or tranches, of approximately six months in length. The offering periods are scheduled to start on the first trading day on or after June 1 and December 1 of each year. The first offering period commenced on June 1, 2022 and is scheduled to end on the first trading day on or before May 31, 2023 and a total of 468,959 predicted shares were committed under the ESPP based on the June 1, 2022 employee enrollment. The ESPP provides eligible employees with an opportunity to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15 % of their eligible compensation. A participant may purchase up to a maximum of 10,000 shares of common stock within the IRS limit of $ 25,000 grant date share value during a purchase period. Amounts deducted and accumulated by the participant are used to purchase shares of common stock at the end of each six-month purchase period. The purchase price of the shares shall be 85 % of the lower of the fair market value of the common stock on (i) the first trading day of the applicable offering period and (ii) the last trading day of each purchase period in the related offering period. Participants may end their participation at any time during an offering period and will be paid their accrued contributions that have not yet been used to purchase shares of common stock. Participation ends automatically upon termination of employment. The fair value of the predicted share purchase rights granted under the ESPP upon the commencement of the offering period was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model applying the following assumptions as of June 1, 2022: (i) risk-free interest rate 2.15 %, (ii) dividend rate 0 %, (iii) expected terms 0.5 years and 1.0 years, and (iv) volatility 74.52 % and 65.14 %, for the two tranches, respectively. Compensation expense of approximately $ 0.1 million and $ 0.2 million was recorded into the condensed statement of operations for the three-and nine-months ended September 30, 2022. As of September 30, 2022, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP tranches was less than $ 0.1 million and $ 0.2 million, which will be amortized for the two tranches over weighted-average periods of approximately 0.1 and 1.0 years, respectively. Stock-based compensation associated with awards to employees and non-employees Total stock-based compensation expense recognized was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Cost of goods sold $ 97 $ 66 $ 240 $ 236 Sales and marketing 729 406 1,918 1,701 Research and development 4 8 33 127 General and administrative 1,147 595 2,985 3,620 Total $ 1,977 $ 1,075 $ 5,176 $ 5,684 The above stock-based compensation expense related to the following equity-based awards (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Stock options $ 954 $ 1,075 2,969 5,684 RSU 852 — 1,982 — ESPP 171 — 225 — Total $ 1,977 $ 1,075 $ 5,176 $ 5,684 The Company estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of stock options is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. The fair value of stock options was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Expected dividends 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % Expected volatility 72.20 % 73.3 % - 75.0 % 70.8 %- 72.2 % 72.9 % - 75.9 % Risk-free interest rate 2.8 % 0.9 % - 1.1 % 1.9 %- 3.0 % 0.6 % - 1.1 % Expected term 6 years 5 - 6 years 6 years 5 - 6 years |