Fair Value Measurements | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | ' |
Fair Value Measurements | ' |
Fair Value Measurements |
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The Company uses fair value measurements in fair value disclosures and to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, such as MSRs, derivatives and loans held for sale, or on a nonrecurring basis, such as when measuring intangible assets and long-lived assets. The Company has elected fair value accounting for loans held for sale to more closely align the Company’s accounting with its interest rate risk strategies without having to apply the operational complexities of hedge accounting. |
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The Company groups its assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are: |
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Level Input: | Input Definition: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 1 | Unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 2 | Prices determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. These may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 3 | Prices determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity), unobservable inputs may be used. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company's own assumptions about the factors that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, and are based on the best information available in the circumstances. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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An asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. |
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While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those used by other market participants, the use of different methods or assumptions to estimate the fair value of certain financial statement items could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market for such items existed, or had such items been liquidated, and those differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements. |
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Management incorporates lack of liquidity into its fair value estimates based on the type of asset or liability measured and the valuation method used. The Company uses discounted cash flow techniques to estimate fair value. These techniques incorporate forecasting of expected cash flows discounted at appropriate market discount rates that are intended to reflect the lack of liquidity in the market. |
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The following describes the methods used in estimating the fair values of certain financial statement items: |
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Mortgage Loans Held for Sale: The Company's mortgage loans held for sale at fair value are saleable into the secondary mortgage markets and their fair values are estimated using quoted market or contracted prices or market price equivalents. |
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Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan, quoted MBS prices and estimates of the fair value of the MSRs and the probability that the mortgage loan will fund within the terms of the interest rate lock commitment. The Company estimates the fair value of forward sales commitments based on quoted MBS prices. |
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Mortgage Servicing Rights: The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of MSRs. This approach consists of projecting servicing cash flows discounted at a rate that management believes market participants would use in their determinations of value. The key assumptions used in the estimation of the fair value of MSRs include prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, cost to service, contractual servicing fees and escrow earnings. |
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The following are the major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2014: |
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| Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents | $ | 3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3 | |
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Mortgage loans held for sale | — | | | 834,915 | | | — | | | 834,915 | |
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Derivative assets (IRLCs) | — | | | 11,453 | | | — | | | 11,453 | |
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Derivative assets (MBS forward trades) | — | | | 3,442 | | | — | | | 3,442 | |
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MSRs | — | | | — | | | 192,470 | | | 192,470 | |
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Total assets | $ | 3 | | | $ | 849,810 | | | $ | 192,470 | | | $ | 1,042,283 | |
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Liabilities: | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilities (IRLCs) | — | | | 351 | | | — | | | 351 | |
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Derivative liabilities (MBS forward trades) | — | | | 2,267 | | | — | | | 2,267 | |
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Contingent earn-out liability | — | | | — | | | 4,411 | | | 4,411 | |
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Total liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 2,618 | | | $ | 4,411 | | | $ | 7,029 | |
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The following are the major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2013: |
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| Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total |
Assets: | | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents | $ | 18,541 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,541 | |
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Mortgage loans held for sale | — | | | 683,080 | | | — | | | 683,080 | |
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Derivative assets (IRLCs) | — | | | 4,553 | | | — | | | 4,553 | |
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Derivative assets (MBS forward trades) | — | | | 15,120 | | | — | | | 15,120 | |
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MSRs | — | | | — | | | 170,294 | | | 170,294 | |
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Total assets | $ | 18,541 | | | $ | 702,753 | | | $ | 170,294 | | | $ | 891,588 | |
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Liabilities: | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilities (IRLCs) | $ | — | | | $ | 3,293 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3,293 | |
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Derivative liabilities (MBS forward trades) | — | | | 227 | | | — | | | 227 | |
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Contingent earn-out liability | — | | | — | | | 3,791 | | | 3,791 | |
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Total liabilities | $ | — | | | $ | 3,520 | | | $ | 3,791 | | | $ | 7,311 | |
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Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at estimated fair value pursuant to the fair value option. Gains from changes in estimated fair values and are included in “Gains on mortgage loans held for sale” on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and amounted to $10,877 and $599 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. |
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The following are the fair values and related UPB due upon maturity for loans held for sale accounted under the fair value option as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013: |
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| March 31, 2014 | | December 31, 2013 |
| Fair Value | | UPB | | Fair Value | | UPB |
Current through 89 days delinquent | $ | 826,723 | | | $ | 788,854 | | | $ | 676,906 | | | $ | 653,938 | |
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90 or more days delinquent | 8,192 | | | 9,153 | | | 6,174 | | | 7,630 | |
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Total | $ | 834,915 | | | $ | 798,007 | | | $ | 683,080 | | | $ | 661,568 | |
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A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the Company’s MSRs measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows: |
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | | | | | | | | |
| 2014 | | 2013 | | | | | | | | |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 170,294 | | | $ | 42,202 | | | | | | | | | |
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Changes in fair value recognized in earnings1 | (10,658 | ) | | 4,090 | | | | | | | | | |
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Purchases | 1,622 | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Sales | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Issuances | 31,212 | | | 21,161 | | | | | | | | | |
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Settlements | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Transfers into Level 3 | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Transfers out of Level 3 | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Balance at end of period | $ | 192,470 | | | $ | 67,453 | | | | | | | | | |
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Changes in fair value recognized in net income during the | $ | (10,658 | ) | | $ | 4,090 | | | | | | | | | |
period related to assets still held | | | | | | | | |
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1 Recognized in the consolidated statements of operations within “Changes in mortgage servicing rights valuation”. |
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A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the Company’s contingent earnout liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows: |
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | | | | | | | | |
| 2014 | | 2013 | | | | | | | | |
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Balance at beginning of period | $ | 3,791 | | | $ | 2,095 | | | | | | | | | |
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Changes in fair value recognized in earnings1 | 42 | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Purchases2 | 603 | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Sales | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Issuances | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Settlements | (25 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Transfers into Level 3 | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Transfers out of Level 3 | — | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
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Balance at end of period | $ | 4,411 | | | $ | 2,095 | | | | | | | | | |
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1 Recognized in the consolidated statements of operations within “General and administrative expense”. |
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2 Contingent earnout liabilities resulted from the Company’s acquisitions of NattyMac during August 2012, Crossline during December 2013 and Medallion during February 2014. See Note 4, “Business Combinations,” within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 4, “Business Combinations,” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 included in our 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information related to these contingent earnout liabilities. |
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Transfers between levels, if any, are recorded as of the beginning of the reporting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no transfers between levels. |
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Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances. As disclosed in Note 4, "Business Combinations," we completed our acquisition of Medallion on February 4, 2014. The values of the net assets acquired in the acquisition of Medallion and resulting goodwill were recorded at fair value using Level 3 inputs. Refer to Note 4, "Business Combinations," for further information regarding the methodology and key assumptions used in the acquisition date fair value estimates. |
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Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments |
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As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, all financial instruments were either recorded at fair value or the carrying value approximated fair value. For financial instruments that were not recorded at fair value, such as cash, restricted cash, servicing advances, secured borrowings, warehouse and operating lines of credit, accounts payable and accrued expenses, their carrying values approximated fair value due to the short-term nature of such instruments. |