2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued):
(e) Expenses:
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement (“Advisory Agreement”) between Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (“CSIM” or the “investment adviser”) and the trust, the investment adviser will pay the operating expenses of each fund, excluding interest expense, taxes, any brokerage expenses, and extraordinary or non-routine expenses. Interest expense, taxes, any brokerage expenses and extraordinary or non-routine expenses that are specific to a fund are charged directly to the fund.
(f) Distributions to Shareholders:
The funds make distributions from net investment income, if any, quarterly and from net realized capital gains, if any, once a year.
(g) Accounting Estimates:
The accounting policies described in this report conform to GAAP. Notwithstanding this, shareholders should understand that in order to follow these principles, fund management has to make estimates and assumptions that affect the information reported in the financial statements. It’s possible that once the results are known, they may turn out to be different from these estimates and these differences may be material.
(h) Federal Income Taxes:
The funds intend to meet federal income and excise tax requirements for regulated investment companies. Accordingly, the funds distribute substantially all of their net investment income and realized net capital gains, if any, to their respective shareholders each year. As long as a fund meets the tax requirements, it is not required to pay federal income tax.
(i) Indemnification:
Under the funds’ organizational documents, the officers and trustees are indemnified against certain liabilities arising out of the performance of their duties to the funds. In addition, in the normal course of business the funds enter into contracts with their vendors and others that provide general indemnifications. The funds’ maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be made against the funds. However, based on experience, the funds expect the risk of loss attributable to these arrangements to be remote.
(j) New Accounting Pronouncements:
In June 2014, Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-11, “Repurchase-to-Maturity Transactions, Repurchase Financings and Disclosures,” was issued and is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. The ASU modifies accounting guidance and enhances disclosure requirements for repurchase agreement and securities lending transactions. Management is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2014-11 may have on the funds’ financial statement disclosures.
3. Risk Factors:
Investing in the funds may involve certain risks, as discussed in the funds’ prospectus, including, but not limited to, those described below. Any of these risks could cause an investor to lose money.
Market Risk. Equity markets rise and fall daily. As with any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the value of the investment in a fund will fluctuate, which means that the investors could lose money.
Investment Style Risk. The funds are not actively managed. Therefore, the funds follow the securities included in the index during upturns as well as downturns. Because of their indexing strategies, the funds do not take steps to reduce market exposure or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition, because of the funds' expenses, the funds' performance may be below that of their respective index.
Certain funds primarily invest in dividend paying stocks. As a result, fund performance will correlate directly with the performance of the dividend paying stock segment of the stock market, and a fund may underperform funds that do not limit their investments to dividend paying stocks. If stocks held by a fund reduce or stop paying dividends, the fund’s ability to generate income may be affected.