TPI Composites (TPIC) 10-Q 2024 Q3 Quarterly report

06

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-37839

TPI Composites, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	20-1590775
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

9200 E. Pima Center Parkway, Suite 250

Scottsdale, AZ 85258

(480) 305-8910

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,

including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01	TPIC	NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of October 31, 2024, there were 47,562,684 shares of common stock outstanding.

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Mezzanine Equity and Stockholders’ Deficit for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	10
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	12
ITEM 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	38
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	39
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	39
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	39
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	39
ITEM 5.	Other Information	39
ITEM 6.	Exhibits	40
SIGNATURES		41

1

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In many cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar words. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about:

•

competition from other wind blade and wind turbine manufacturers;

•

the discovery of defects in our products and our ability to estimate the future cost of warranty campaigns;

•

the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents to meet our liquidity needs;

•

the increasing cost and availability of additional capital, should such capital be needed;

•

our projected sales and costs, including materials costs and capital expenditures, during the current fiscal year;

•

our projected business model during the current fiscal year, including with respect to the number of wind blade manufacturing lines we anticipate;

•

our ability to service our current debt and comply with any covenants related to such debt;

•

the current status of the wind energy market and our addressable market;

•

our ability to absorb or mitigate the impact of price increases in resin, carbon reinforcements (or fiber), other raw materials and related logistics costs that we use to produce our products;

•

our ability to absorb or mitigate the impact of wage inflation in the countries in which we operate;

•

our ability to procure adequate supplies of raw materials and components to fulfill our wind blade volume commitments to our customers;

•

the potential impact of the increasing prevalence of auction-based tenders in the wind energy market and increased competition from solar energy on our gross margins and overall financial performance;

•

our future financial performance, including our net sales, cost of goods sold, gross profit or gross margin, operating expenses, ability to generate positive cash flow and ability to achieve or maintain profitability;

•

changes in domestic or international government or regulatory policy, including without limitation, changes in trade policy and energy policy;

•

changes in global economic trends and uncertainty, geopolitical risks, and demand or supply disruptions from global events;

•

changes in macroeconomic and market conditions, including the potential impact of any pandemic, risk of recession, rising interest rates and inflation, supply chain constraints, commodity prices and exchange rates, and the impact of such changes on our business and results of operations;

•

our ability to attract and retain customers for our products, and to optimize product pricing;

•

our ability to effectively manage our growth strategy and future expenses, including our startup and transition costs;

•

our ability to successfully expand in our existing wind energy markets and into new international wind energy markets, including our ability to expand our field service inspection and repair services business;

•

our ability to keep up with market changes and innovations;

•

our ability to successfully open new manufacturing facilities and expand existing facilities on time and on budget;

•

the impact of the pace of new product and wind blade model introductions on our business and our results of operations;

•

our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our intellectual property;

•

our ability to comply with existing, modified or new laws and regulations applying to our business, including the imposition of new taxes, duties or similar assessments on our products;

2

•

the attraction and retention of qualified associates and key personnel;

•

our ability to maintain good working relationships with our associates, and avoid labor disruptions, strikes and other disputes with labor unions that represent certain of our associates; and

•

the potential impact of one or more of our customers becoming bankrupt or insolvent, or experiencing other financial problems.

These forward-looking statements are only predictions. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to materially differ from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. We have described in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 22, 2024 the principal risks and uncertainties that we believe could cause actual results to differ from these forward-looking statements. Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as guarantees of future events.

The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q represent our views as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or developments after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events except to the extent required by applicable law. You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.

3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM l. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands, except par value data)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	125,871		$	161,059
Restricted cash		9,576			10,838
Accounts receivable		150,186			138,029
Contract assets		124,851			112,237
Prepaid expenses		19,940			17,621
Other current assets		26,775			34,564
Inventories		4,518			9,420
Assets held for sale		4,966			—
Current assets of discontinued operations		865			19,307
Total current assets		467,548			503,075
Property, plant and equipment, net		116,282			128,808
Operating lease right of use assets		130,739			136,124
Other noncurrent assets		38,076			36,073
Total assets	$	752,645		$	804,080
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	286,245		$	227,723
Accrued warranty		35,251			37,483
Current maturities of long-term debt		139,845			70,465
Current operating lease liabilities		26,100			22,017
Contract liabilities		2,768			24,021
Liabilities held for sale		1,073			—
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		1,782			4,712
Total current liabilities		493,064			386,421
Long-term debt, net of current maturities		465,989			414,728
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		108,096			117,133
Other noncurrent liabilities		7,491			8,102
Total liabilities		1,074,640			926,384
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ deficit:
Common shares, $0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized, 48,618     shares issued and 47,563 shares outstanding at September 30, 2024    and 100,000 shares authorized, 46,990 shares issued and 46,471 shares    outstanding at December 31, 2023		486			470
Paid-in capital		436,617			431,335
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(18,311	)		(7,627	)
Accumulated deficit		(728,973	)		(536,348	)
Treasury stock, at cost, 1,055 shares at September 30, 2024 and 519 shares at    December 31, 2023		(11,814	)		(10,134	)
Total stockholders’ deficit		(321,995	)		(122,304	)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	752,645		$	804,080

See accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Net sales	$	380,762		$	370,242		$	984,625		$	1,138,068
Cost of sales		369,882			367,915			982,939			1,163,429
Startup and transition costs		8,113			4,817			51,020			10,174
Total cost of goods sold		377,995			372,732			1,033,959			1,173,603
Gross profit (loss)		2,767			(2,490	)		(49,334	)		(35,535	)
General and administrative expenses		4,717			8,817			22,331			22,618
Loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		9,196			5,164			14,114			14,576
Restructuring charges, net		428			710			908			2,934
Loss from continuing operations		(11,574	)		(17,181	)		(86,687	)		(75,663	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net		(24,194	)		(1,625	)		(68,005	)		(6,026	)
Foreign currency loss		(2,346	)		(511	)		(2,845	)		(3,257	)
Miscellaneous income		759			376			3,461			1,491
Total other expense		(25,781	)		(1,760	)		(67,389	)		(7,792	)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes		(37,355	)		(18,941	)		(154,076	)		(83,455	)
Income tax provision		(1,241	)		(8,007	)		(6,895	)		(12,123	)
Net loss from continuing operations		(38,596	)		(26,948	)		(160,971	)		(95,578	)
Preferred stock dividends and accretion		—			(16,031	)		—			(46,802	)
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders		(38,596	)		(42,979	)		(160,971	)		(142,380	)
Net loss from discontinued operations		(1,472	)		(29,867	)		(31,654	)		(48,601	)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(40,068	)	$	(72,846	)	$	(192,625	)	$	(190,981	)
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic		47,556			42,570			47,422			42,448
Diluted		47,556			42,570			47,422			42,448
Net loss from continuing operations per common share:
Basic	$	(0.81	)	$	(1.01	)	$	(3.39	)	$	(3.36	)
Diluted	$	(0.81	)	$	(1.01	)	$	(3.39	)	$	(3.36	)
Net loss from discontinued operations per common share:
Basic	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.70	)	$	(0.67	)	$	(1.14	)
Diluted	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.70	)	$	(0.67	)	$	(1.14	)
Net loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.71	)	$	(4.06	)	$	(4.50	)
Diluted	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.71	)	$	(4.06	)	$	(4.50	)

See accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders	$	(38,596	)	$	(42,979	)	$	(160,971	)	$	(142,380	)
Net loss from discontinued operations		(1,472	)		(29,867	)		(31,654	)		(48,601	)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders		(40,068	)		(72,846	)		(192,625	)		(190,981	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments		1,213			(3,052	)		(192	)		(1,858	)
Unrecognized actuarial losses		(11,240	)		—			(11,240	)		—
Amortization of unrecognized actuarial losses		748			—			748			—
Reclassification of foreign currency translation    adjustments from disposition and exit of business    activities, net of tax of $0		—			901			—			901
Unrealized gain on hedging derivatives, net of taxes of   $0 for each of the presented periods		—			318			—			2,261
Reclassification of loss on hedging derivatives,    net of taxes of $0 for each of the presented periods		—			3,307			—			3,249
Comprehensive loss	$	(49,347	)	$	(71,372	)	$	(203,309	)	$	(186,428	)

See accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEZZANINE EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
											Accumulated
	Series A Preferred Stock				Common				Paid-in		other comprehensive			Accumulated			Treasury stock,			Total stockholders'
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		capital		loss			deficit			at cost			deficit
					(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023		—	$	—		46,990	$	470	$	431,335	$	(7,627	)	$	(536,348	)	$	(10,134	)	$	(122,304	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—			(61,468	)		—			(61,468	)
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(1,258	)		—			—			(1,258	)
Common stock repurchased for treasury		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(1,641	)		(1,641	)
Issuances under share- based compensation plan		—		—		1,524		15		—		—			—			—			15
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		2,589		—			—			—			2,589
Balance at    March 31, 2024		—		—		48,514		485		433,924		(8,885	)		(597,816	)		(11,775	)		(184,067	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—			(91,089	)		—			(91,089	)
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(147	)		—			—			(147	)
Common stock repurchased for treasury		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(8	)		(8	)
Issuances under share- based compensation plan		—		—		87		1		—		—			—			—			1
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		1,051		—			—			—			1,051
Balance at    June 30, 2024		—		—		48,601		486		434,975		(9,032	)		(688,905	)		(11,783	)		(274,259	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—		—			(40,068	)		—			(40,068	)
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—		(9,279	)		—			—			(9,279	)
Common stock repurchased for treasury		—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(31	)		(31	)
Issuances under share- based compensation plan		—		—		17		—		—		—			—			—			—
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		1,642		—			—			—			1,642
Balance at    September 30, 2024		—	$	—		48,618	$	486	$	436,617	$	(18,311	)	$	(728,973	)	$	(11,814	)	$	(321,995	)

7

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
												Accumulated
	Series A Preferred Stock				Common				Paid-in			other comprehensive			Accumulated			Treasury stock,			Total stockholders'
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		capital			loss			deficit			at cost			deficit
					(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2022		350	$	309,877		42,369	$	424	$	407,570		$	(15,387	)	$	(334,569	)	$	(7,551	)	$	50,487
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			—			(22,127	)		—			(22,127	)
Preferred stock dividends		—		10,706		—		—		(10,706	)		—			—			—			(10,706	)
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			2,010			—			—			2,010
Common stock repurchased for treasury		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			(2,549	)		(2,549	)
Issuances under share- based compensation plan		—		—		627		6		—			—			—			—			6
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		2,720			—			—			—			2,720
Accretion of Series A Preferred Stock		—		4,467		—		—		(4,467	)		—			—			—			(4,467	)
Capped call transactions		—		—		—		—		(18,590	)		—			—			—			(18,590	)
Balance at    March 31, 2023		350		325,050		42,996		430		376,527			(13,377	)		(356,696	)		(10,100	)		(3,216	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			—			(65,237	)		—			(65,237	)
Preferred stock dividends		—		11,118		—		—		(11,118	)		—			—			—			(11,118	)
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			1,069			—			—			1,069
Common stock repurchased for treasury		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			(34	)		(34	)
Issuances under share- based compensation plan		—		—		93		1		—			—			—			—			1
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		3,926			—			—			—			3,926
Accretion of Series A Preferred Stock		—		4,480		—		—		(4,480	)		—			—			—			(4,480	)
Balance at    June 30, 2023		350		340,648		43,089		431		364,855			(12,308	)		(421,933	)		(10,134	)		(79,089	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			—			(56,815	)		—			(56,815	)
Preferred stock dividends		—		11,549		—		—		(11,549	)		—			—			—			(11,549	)
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			1,474			—			—			1,474
Common stock repurchased for treasury		—		—		—		—		—			—			—			—			—
Issuances under share- based compensation plan		—		—		2		—		—			—			—			—			—
Share-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—		2,624			—			—			—			2,624
Accretion of Series A Preferred Stock		—		4,482		—		—		(4,482	)		—			—			—			(4,482	)

8

Balance at
   September 30, 2023 350 $ 356,679 43,091 $ 431 $ 351,448 $ (10,834 ) $ (478,748 ) $ (10,134 ) $ (147,837 )

See accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

9

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(192,625	)	$	(144,179	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		23,526			29,798
Provision for credit losses		—			20,929
Loss on sale of discontinued operations		6,298			—
Loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		33,484			16,748
Share-based compensation expense		5,282			9,278
Amortization of debt issuance costs		23,886			552
Paid-in-kind interest		34,041			—
Deferred income taxes		(3,306	)		(1,937	)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(27,030	)		28,122
Contract assets and liabilities		(38,156	)		3,179
Operating lease right of use assets and operating lease liabilities		431			(8,577	)
Inventories		1,240			6,358
Prepaid expenses		(2,130	)		3,637
Other current assets		7,074			(8,248	)
Other noncurrent assets		1,331			5,824
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		54,653			(70,043	)
Accrued warranty		(2,232	)		20,608
Other noncurrent liabilities		(610	)		2,043
Net cash used in operating activities		(74,843	)		(85,908	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(22,079	)		(15,846	)
Proceeds from sale of business		—			12,836
Net cash used in investing activities		(22,079	)		(3,010	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes		—			132,500
Purchase of capped calls		—			(18,590	)
Payments of debt issuance costs		—			(4,810	)
Proceeds from working capital loans		160,742			120,370
Repayments of working capital loans		(98,788	)		(117,293	)
Principal repayments of finance leases		(938	)		(1,038	)
Net proceeds from other debt		1,440			473
Repurchase of common stock including shares withheld in lieu of income taxes		(1,680	)		(2,583	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		60,776			109,029
Impact of foreign exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(485	)		700
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(36,631	)		20,811
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year		172,813			153,069
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	136,182		$	173,880

See accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

10

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	12,863	$	8,151
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds		17,829		15,742
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		11,376		2,344
Property, plant, and equipment obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities		258		197
Accrued capital expenditures in accounts payable		4,358		2,574
Paid-in-kind preferred stock dividends and accretion		—		46,802

Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023		2023		2022
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	125,871	$	161,059	$	160,648	$	133,546
Restricted cash		9,576		10,838		9,300		9,854
Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations		735		916		3,932		9,669
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in   the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows	$	136,182	$	172,813	$	173,880	$	153,069

See accompanying notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

11

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by us without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Although we believe the disclosures that are made are adequate to make the information presented herein not misleading, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) have been condensed or omitted, as permitted by the SEC. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of our management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly our financial position at September 30, 2024, and the results of our operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for the periods presented. Interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Certain prior period amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TPI Composites, Inc. and all of our majority owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

We are exploring alternatives for the divestiture of our tooling business as part of our continued prioritization of capital for growth in the wind blade business, and as of September 30, 2024, we met the criteria to classify $5.0 million of assets and $1.1 million of liabilities as held for sale in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The assets held for sale primarily relate to net property, plant and equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The liabilities held for sale primarily relate to accounts payable and other accrued expenses. Upon classifying the assets as held for sale, we recognized $3.9 million of impairment charges during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

References to TPI Composites, Inc, the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” in these notes refer to TPI Composites, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments are intended to increase reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The ASU is effective on a retrospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted the standard for annual disclosure requirements on January 1, 2024, and plans to adopt the standard for interim periods beginning January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of its adoption on the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements but does not anticipate that such adoption will have a material impact.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. This ASU also includes certain other amendments intended to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. This ASU is effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2025 and allows the use of a prospective or retrospective approach. The Company plans to adopt the standard on January 1, 2025 and has not yet determined the potential impact of its adoption on the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements.

12

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 2. Discontinued Operations

On June 30, 2024, we completed the divestiture of our wholly-owned subsidiary, TPI, Inc. (the Automotive subsidiary). The Automotive subsidiary was engaged in the development, commercialization and implementation of the Company’s automotive industry related products. The Automotive subsidiary was previously classified as held for sale in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024. As a result of the divestiture, the Company recorded a $19.7 million non-cash impairment charge related to property, plant and equipment, and a $6.3 million loss on sale of the discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The divestiture constituted a strategic shift as the Company will focus entirely on executing on its core business in the wind industry going forward, and accordingly, the historical results of our Automotive subsidiary have been reclassified as discontinued operations for all periods presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In December 2022, we committed to a restructuring plan to rebalance our organization and optimize our global manufacturing footprint. Changing economic and geopolitical factors, including increased logistics costs and tariffs imposed on components of wind turbines from China, including wind blades, had an adverse impact on demand and profitability for our wind blades manufactured in our Chinese facilities. In connection with our restructuring plan, we ceased production at our Yangzhou, China manufacturing facility as of December 31, 2022 and are in the process of shutting down our business operations in China. Our business operations in China comprised the entirety of our "Asia" reporting segment. The shut down had a meaningful effect on our global manufacturing footprint and consolidated financial results. Accordingly, the historical results of our Asia reporting segment have been presented as discontinued operations in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following tables present the carrying amounts of major classes of assets and liabilities that were included in discontinued operations:

	September 30, 2024
	(in thousands)
	Automotive		Asia		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	735	$	735
Other classes of assets		—		130		130
Total assets of discontinued operations	$	—	$	865	$	865
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	—	$	1,020	$	1,020
Accrued restructuring		—		762		762
Total liabilities of discontinued operations	$	—	$	1,782	$	1,782

	December 31, 2023
	(in thousands)
	Automotive		Asia		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	916	$	916
Property, plant and equipment, net		14,204		—		14,204
Other classes of assets that are not major		3,583		604		4,187
Total assets of discontinued operations	$	17,787	$	1,520	$	19,307
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	1,897	$	1,632	$	3,529
Accrued restructuring		—		1,183		1,183
Total liabilities of discontinued operations	$	1,897	$	2,815	$	4,712

13

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

A summary of the results from discontinued operations included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Automotive			Asia			Total
	(in thousands)
Net sales	$	—		$	—		$	—
Cost of sales		321			18			339
Gross loss		(321	)		(18	)		(339	)
Loss on sale of discontinued operations		738			—			738
Restructuring charges, net		191			—			191
Loss from discontinued operations		(1,250	)		(18	)		(1,268	)
Total other income (expense)		19			(208	)		(189	)
Loss before income taxes		(1,231	)		(226	)		(1,457	)
Income tax provision		(15	)		—			(15	)
Net loss from discontinued operations	$	(1,246	)	$	(226	)	$	(1,472	)

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Automotive			Asia			Total
	(in thousands)
Net sales	$	2,618		$	749		$	3,367
Cost of sales		11,304			1,197			12,501
Gross loss		(8,686	)		(448	)		(9,134	)
General and administrative expenses		19,892			—			19,892
(Gain) loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		693			(442	)		251
Restructuring charges, net		457			(57	)		400
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations		(29,728	)		51			(29,677	)
Total other expense		(54	)		(103	)		(157	)
Loss before income taxes		(29,782	)		(52	)		(29,834	)
Income tax provision		(33	)		—			(33	)
Net loss from discontinued operations	$	(29,815	)	$	(52	)	$	(29,867	)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Automotive			Asia			Total
	(in thousands)
Net sales	$	12,286		$	—		$	12,286
Cost of sales		19,215			89			19,304
Gross loss		(6,929	)		(89	)		(7,018	)
General and administrative expenses		(1,704	)		—			(1,704	)
(Gain) loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		19,707			(338	)		19,369
Loss on sale of discontinued operations		6,298			—			6,298
Restructuring charges, net		656			—			656
Income (loss) from discontinued operations		(31,886	)		249			(31,637	)
Total other income (expense)		199			(109	)		90
Income (loss) before income taxes		(31,687	)		140			(31,547	)
Income tax provision		(107	)		—			(107	)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	$	(31,794	)	$	140		$	(31,654	)

14

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Automotive			Asia			Total
	(in thousands)
Net sales	$	20,129		$	2,950		$	23,079
Cost of sales		40,438			8,600			49,038
Gross loss		(20,309	)		(5,650	)		(25,959	)
General and administrative expenses		19,892			—			19,892
Loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		693			1,479			2,172
Restructuring charges, net		556			1,403			1,959
Loss from discontinued operations		(41,450	)		(8,532	)		(49,982	)
Total other income		26			1,437			1,463
Loss before income taxes		(41,424	)		(7,095	)		(48,519	)
Income tax provision		(82	)		—			(82	)
Loss from discontinued operations	$	(41,506	)	$	(7,095	)	$	(48,601	)

The following table presents summarized cash flows from discontinued operations that are included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities from discontinued operations	$	2,634		$	(3,915	)
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations		(3,387	)		(1,987	)
Additional non-cash items related to operating activities from discontinued operations:
Share-based compensation expense		(74	)		284
Depreciation and amortization		—			349

Note 3. Revenue From Contracts with Customers

For a detailed discussion of our revenue recognition policy, refer to the discussion in Note 1, Summary of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – (c) Revenue Recognition, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The following tables represent the disaggregation of our net sales by product for each of our reportable segments:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	U.S.		Mexico		EMEA		India		Total
	(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling and other wind    related sales	$	—	$	205,523	$	120,506	$	43,053	$	369,082
Field service, inspection and    repair services sales		7,417		819		3,444		—		11,680
Total net sales	$	7,417	$	206,342	$	123,950	$	43,053	$	380,762

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	U.S.		Mexico		EMEA		India		Total
	(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling and other wind    related sales	$	—	$	156,077	$	146,593	$	59,561	$	362,231
Field service, inspection and    repair services sales		4,566		784		2,661		—		8,011
Total net sales	$	4,566	$	156,861	$	149,254	$	59,561	$	370,242

15

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	U.S.		Mexico		EMEA		India		Total
	(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling and other wind    related sales	$	—	$	516,728	$	318,667	$	126,882	$	962,277
Field service, inspection and    repair services sales		14,177		1,383		6,788		—		22,348
Total net sales	$	14,177	$	518,111	$	325,455	$	126,882	$	984,625

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	U.S.		Mexico		EMEA		India		Total
	(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling and other wind    related sales	$	—	$	477,306	$	446,044	$	189,207	$	1,112,557
Field service, inspection and    repair services sales		19,035		1,173		5,303		—		25,511
Total net sales	$	19,035	$	478,479	$	451,347	$	189,207	$	1,138,068

For a further discussion regarding our operating segments, see Note 15, Segment Reporting.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets consist of the amount of revenue recognized over time for performance obligations in production where control has transferred to the customer, but the contract does not yet allow for the customer to be billed. Typically, customers are billed when the product finishes production and meets the technical specifications contained in the contract. The majority of the contract asset balance relates to materials procured based on customer specifications. The contract assets are recorded as current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities consist of advance payments in excess of revenue earned. The contract liabilities are recorded as current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are reduced as we record revenue over time.

These contract assets and liabilities are reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets net on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

Contract assets and contract liabilities consisted of the following:

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023			$ Change
	(in thousands)
Gross contract assets	$	153,150		$	121,483		$	31,667
Less: reclassification from contract liabilities		(28,299	)		(9,246	)		(19,053	)
Contract assets	$	124,851		$	112,237		$	12,614

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023			$ Change
	(in thousands)
Gross contract liabilities	$	31,067		$	33,267		$	(2,200	)
Less: reclassification to contract assets		(28,299	)		(9,246	)		(19,053	)
Contract liabilities	$	2,768		$	24,021		$	(21,253	)

16

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Gross contract assets increased by $31.7 million from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024, primarily due to an increase in customer specific material purchases and incremental unbilled production related to startups and transitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Gross contract liabilities decreased by $2.2 million from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024, primarily due to a decrease in customer advances during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized $21.3 million of revenue related to customer advances, which was included in the corresponding contract liability balance at the beginning of the period.

Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price for which work has not been performed and excludes any unexercised contract options. The transaction price includes estimated variable consideration as determined based on the estimated production output within the range of the contractual guaranteed minimum volume obligations and production capacity.

As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations to be satisfied in future periods was approximately $0.8 billion. We estimate that we will recognize the remaining performance obligations as revenue as follows:

	$		% of Total
	(in thousands)
Year Ending December 31,
Remainder of 2024	$	335,817		40.9	%
2025		484,354		59.1
Total remaining performance obligations	$	820,171		100.0	%

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, net revenue recognized from our performance obligations satisfied in previous periods decreased by $4.7 million and $24.7 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, net revenue recognized from our performance obligations satisfied in previous periods decreased by $0.1 million and $15.6 million, respectively. The decrease for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily relate to changes in certain of our estimated total contract values and related direct costs to complete the performance obligations.

Note 4. Significant Risks and Uncertainties

Our revenues and receivables are earned from a small number of customers. As such, our production levels are dependent on these customers’ orders. See Note 14, Concentration of Customers.

We maintain our U.S. cash in bank deposit and money market mutual fund accounts that, at times, exceed U.S. federally insured limits. U.S. bank accounts are guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in an amount up to $250,000 during 2024 and 2023. U.S. money market mutual fund accounts are not guaranteed by the FDIC. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $74.4 million and $116.0 million, respectively, of cash in bank deposit and money market mutual fund accounts in U.S. banks, which were in excess of FDIC limits. We have not experienced losses to date in any such accounts.

We also maintain cash in bank deposit accounts outside the U.S. that are not subject to FDIC limits. At September 30, 2024, this included $45.0 million in Türkiye, $4.6 million in India, $1.3 million in Mexico and $0.6 million in other countries. As of December 31, 2023, this included $40.6 million in Türkiye, $1.9 million in India, $1.2 million in Mexico and $1.3 million in other countries. We have not experienced losses to date in these accounts. In addition, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had short-term deposits in interest bearing accounts in the U.S. of $9.6 million and $10.8 million, respectively, which are reported as restricted cash in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In addition, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents related to our discontinued operations of $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

17

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 5. Accrued Warranty

The warranty accrual activity for the periods noted consisted of the following:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Warranty accrual at beginning of period	$	34,000		$	49,288		$	37,483		$	22,347
Accrual during the period		3,641			3,105			9,127			9,183
Cost of warranty services provided during the period		(10,147	)		(22,500	)		(27,014	)		(36,334	)
Changes in estimate for pre-existing warranties,     including expirations during the period     and foreign exchange impact		7,757			13,062			15,655			47,759
Warranty accrual at end of period	$	35,251		$	42,955		$	35,251		$	42,955

Note 6. Debt

Long-term debt, net of current maturities, consisted of the following:

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
11% Senior secured term loan—U.S. (1)	$	429,082		$	395,041
5.25% Convertible senior unsecured notes—U.S. (2)		132,500			132,500
Unsecured financing—EMEA		125,314			62,891
Secured and unsecured working capital—India		14,865			13,902
Equipment finance leases—Mexico		579			1,098
Equipment finance leases—EMEA		446			623
Other equipment finance leases		108			85
Total debt—principal		702,894			606,140
Less: Debt issuance costs		(3,314	)		(4,023	)
Less: Debt discount (3)		(93,746	)		(116,924	)
Total debt, net of debt issuance costs and debt discount		605,834			485,193
Less: Current maturities of long-term debt (4)		(139,845	)		(70,465	)
Long-term debt, net of current maturities	$	465,989		$	414,728

(1) As of September 30, 2024, includes principal balance of $393.0 million and $36.1 million of paid in kind interest.

(2) The conversion requirements were not satisfied as of September 30, 2024 and as a result, the 5.25% Convertible senior unsecured notes (the “Convertible Notes”) will not be eligible for optional conversion during the fourth quarter of 2024.

(3) Unamortized debt discount is related to our 11% senior secured term loan. The fair value of the senior secured term loan at issuance was $274.7 million, representing an initial $118.3 million discount. The debt discount is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the debt.

(4) Current maturities of long-term debt are primarily related to outstanding working capital facilities of $124.1 million and $14.9 million in Türkiye and India, respectively.

Note 7. Share-Based Compensation Plans

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we granted to certain employees an aggregate of 722,534 timed-based restricted stock units (RSUs), 151,795 performance-based restricted stock units (PSUs) that vest upon achievement of annual, adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA) targets measured from January 1, 2024 through December 31, 2026, 181,371 PSUs that vest upon achievement of certain cumulative total shareholder return (TSR) targets measured from January 1, 2024 through December 31, 2026 and 66,261 stock options. The RSUs that were granted during the period vest over a three-year period with 25% of the RSUs vesting on the first and second anniversary of the grant date, and 50% vesting on the third anniversary of the grant date. Each of the time-based and performance-based RSU awards are subject to the recipient’s continued service with us, the

18

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

terms and conditions of our stock option and incentive plan and the applicable award agreement. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we issued 1,022,318 shares related to previous RSU awards with a guaranteed value. These additional shares were issued on the second anniversary of the grant date to maintain the original guaranteed award value.

The share-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Cost of goods sold	$	266	$	875	$	1,156	$	2,026
General and administrative expenses		1,368		1,593		4,165		6,967
Total share-based compensation expense	$	1,634	$	2,468	$	5,321	$	8,993

The share-based compensation expense recognized by award type was as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
	(in thousands)
RSUs	$	1,227	$	2,124	$	4,131	$	7,234
Stock options		287		284		701		736
PSUs		120		60		489		1,023
Total share-based compensation expense	$	1,634	$	2,468	$	5,321	$	8,993

Note 8. Leases

We have operating and finance leases for our manufacturing facilities, warehouses, offices, automobiles and certain of our machinery and equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of between one and ten years, some of which may include options to extend the leases up to ten years.

The components of lease cost were as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Total operating lease cost	$	9,742	$	9,993	$	29,165	$	30,140
Finance lease cost
Amortization of assets under finance leases	$	998	$	987	$	2,992	$	3,035
Interest on finance leases		59		25		204		90
Total finance lease cost	$	1,057	$	1,012	$	3,196	$	3,125

19

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Total lease assets and liabilities were as follows:

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Operating Leases
Operating lease right of use assets	$	130,739		$	136,124
Current operating lease liabilities	$	26,100		$	22,017
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		108,096			117,133
Total operating lease liabilities	$	134,196		$	139,150
Finance Leases
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$	37,287		$	37,044
Less: accumulated depreciation		(32,393	)		(29,316	)
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	4,894		$	7,728
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	862		$	1,035
Long-term debt, net of current maturities		271			771
Total finance lease liabilities	$	1,133		$	1,806

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	28,260	$	28,883
Operating cash flows from finance leases		204		82
Financing cash flows from finance leases		938		1,038

Note 9. Employee Benefit Plans

Defined Contribution Plans

We maintain a 401(k) plan for all of our U.S. employees. Under the 401(k) plan, eligible employees may contribute, subject to statutory limitations, a percentage of their salaries. We currently match 100% of the participants’ contributions up to four percent of eligible compensation, and these employer matching contributions are 100% vested immediately.

In Mexico, we maintain an annual savings fund, which matches the employee contribution each week, based on the Mexican statutory maximum of 13% of actual minimum salary rates. The savings fund period runs from November to October each year, and is distributed to employees in full, during the first week of November each year.

Defined Benefit Plans

In Türkiye we provide benefits for virtually all employee terminations, including retirements and voluntary and involuntary terminations, for employees who have completed at least one year of service. The annual net periodic benefit cost and projected benefit obligations related to this plan are determined annually on December 31, unless a remeasurement event occurs in an interim period. This determination requires assumptions to be made concerning general economic conditions (particularly interest rates), increases to compensation levels, and service period trends. Changes in the assumptions to reflect actual experience can result in a change in the net periodic benefit cost and projected benefit obligations. If actual experience differs from these assumptions, the difference is recorded as an actuarial gain or loss and amortized into earnings over a period of time based on the average future service period, which may cause the expense related to providing these benefits to increase or decrease.

20

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 10. Income Taxes

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we reported an income tax provision of $1.2 million and $6.9 million, respectively, as compared to an income tax provision of $8.0 million and $12.1 million, respectively, in the comparative prior year periods. The increased income tax provision during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, resulted primarily from the change in the mix of earnings of foreign jurisdictions.

No changes in tax law occurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, which had a material impact on our income tax provision. We do not record a deferred tax liability related to unremitted earnings as we maintain our assertion to indefinitely reinvest our unremitted foreign earnings.

Note 11. Net Loss Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per common share:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Numerator:
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(38,596	)	$	(26,948	)	$	(160,971	)	$	(95,578	)
Preferred stock dividends and accretion		—			(16,031	)		—			(46,802	)
Net loss from continuing operations attributable    to common stockholders		(38,596	)		(42,979	)		(160,971	)		(142,380	)
Net loss from discontinued operations		(1,472	)		(29,867	)		(31,654	)		(48,601	)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(40,068	)	$	(72,846	)	$	(192,625	)	$	(190,981	)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding		47,556			42,570			47,422			42,448
Effect of dilutive awards		—			—			—			—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding		47,556			42,570			47,422			42,448
Loss from continuing operations per common share:
Basic	$	(0.81	)	$	(1.01	)	$	(3.39	)	$	(3.36	)
Diluted	$	(0.81	)	$	(1.01	)	$	(3.39	)	$	(3.36	)
Loss from discontinued operations per common share:
Basic	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.70	)	$	(0.67	)	$	(1.14	)
Diluted	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.70	)	$	(0.67	)	$	(1.14	)
Loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.71	)	$	(4.06	)	$	(4.50	)
Diluted	$	(0.84	)	$	(1.71	)	$	(4.06	)	$	(4.50	)
Dilutive shares excluded from the calculation    due to net losses in the period		680			84			406			268
Anti-dilutive share-based compensation awards    that would be excluded from the calculation    if income was reported in the period		222			762			627			147

We use the if-converted method for calculating any potential dilutive effect of the Convertible Notes on diluted net loss per common share. The Convertible Notes would have a diluted impact on net income per share when the average price of our Common Stock for a given period exceeds the respective conversion price of the Convertible Notes. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we had 8,816,881 potentially issuable shares of Common Stock related to our Convertible Notes that were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per common share as the effect of including these shares in the calculation would have been anti-dilutive.

21

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 12. Stockholders’ Deficit

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCL) by component:

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Foreign			Accrued			Foreign
	currency			post-retirement			exchange
	translation			benefit			forward		Total
	adjustments			liability			contracts		AOCL
	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	(7,627	)	$	—		$	—	$	(7,627	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		(1,258	)		—			—		(1,258	)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		—			—			—		—
Net tax effect		—			—			—		—
Net current period other comprehensive income		(1,258	)		—			—		(1,258	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		(8,885	)		—			—		(8,885	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		(147	)		—			—		(147	)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		—			—			—		—
Net tax effect		—			—			—		—
Net current period other comprehensive income		(147	)		—			—		(147	)
Balance at June 30, 2024		(9,032	)		—			—		(9,032	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		1,213			(11,240	)		—		(10,027	)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		—			748			—		748
Net tax effect		—			—			—		—
Net current period other comprehensive income		1,213			(10,492	)		—		(9,279	)
Balance at September 30, 2024	$	(7,819	)	$	(10,492	)	$	—	$	(18,311	)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Foreign			Accrued		Foreign
	currency			post-retirement		exchange
	translation			benefit		forward			Total
	adjustments			liability		contracts			AOCL
	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(10,845	)	$	—	$	(4,542	)	$	(15,387	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		2,010			—		—			2,010
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		—			—		—			—
Net tax effect		—			—		—			—
Net current period other comprehensive income		2,010			—		—			2,010
Balance at March 31, 2023		(8,835	)		—		(4,542	)		(13,377	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		(816	)		—		1,943			1,127
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		—			—		(58	)		(58	)
Net tax effect		—			—		—			—
Net current period other comprehensive income		(816	)		—		1,885			1,069
Balance at June 30, 2023		(9,651	)		—		(2,657	)		(12,308	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		(3,052	)		—		318			(2,734	)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL		901			—		3,307			4,208
Net tax effect		—			—		—			—
Net current period other comprehensive income		(2,151	)		—		3,625			1,474
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	(11,802	)	$	—	$	968		$	(10,834	)

Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are party to various lawsuits, claims, and other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, some of which may not be covered by insurance. Upon resolution of any pending legal matters, we may incur charges in excess of

22

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

presently established reserves. Our management does not believe that any such charges would, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

In January 2021, we received a complaint that was filed by the administrator for the Senvion GmbH (Senvion) insolvency estate in the Hamburg District court. The complaint asserts voidance claims against us in the aggregate amount of $13.3 million. The alleged voidance claims relate to payments that Senvion made to us for wind blades that we produced prior to Senvion filing for insolvency protection. We filed a response to these alleged voidance claims in August 2021 and filed a supplemental response in April 2022. In November 2022, the court appointed an independent expert to assess whether Senvion was solvent at the time of the relevant payments. The independent expert has not yet submitted its assessment to the court. We believe we have meritorious defenses to the alleged voidance claims. Due to the current procedural posture of this claim, we have determined that the ultimate outcome cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.

Note 14. Concentration of Customers

Net sales from certain customers (in thousands) in excess of 10 percent of our total consolidated net sales are as follows:

	Three Months Ended										Nine Months Ended
	September 30,										September 30,
	2024					2023					2024					2023
Customer	Net sales		% of Total			Net sales		% of Total			Net sales		% of Total			Net sales		% of Total
GE	$	140,014		36.8	%	$	93,156		25.2	%	$	334,801		34.0	%	$	273,335		24.0	%
Nordex		126,166		33.1			99,636		26.9			341,518		34.7			353,286		31.0
Vestas		96,162		25.3			152,537		41.2			246,496		25.0			429,924		37.8

Trade accounts receivable from certain customers in excess of 10 percent of our total consolidated trade accounts receivable are as follows:

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
Customer	% of Total			% of Total
Nordex		61.0	%		61.5	%
GE		15.1			11.5
Enercon		11.6			17.6
Vestas		10.0			7.5

Note 15. Segment Reporting

Our operating segments are defined geographically into four geographic operating segments—(1) the U.S., (2) Mexico, (3) Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA) and (4) India. For a detailed discussion of our operating segments, refer to the discussion in Note 22, Segment Reporting, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Our U.S. and India segments operate in the U.S. dollar. Our Mexico segment operates in its local currency and includes a U.S. parent company that operates in the U.S. dollar. Our EMEA segment operates in the Euro.

23

TPI COMPOSITES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables set forth certain information regarding each of our segments:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Net sales by segment:
U.S.	$	7,417		$	4,566		$	14,177		$	19,035
Mexico		206,342			156,861			518,111			478,479
EMEA		123,950			149,254			325,455			451,347
India		43,053			59,561			126,882			189,207
Total net sales	$	380,762		$	370,242		$	984,625		$	1,138,068
Net sales by geographic location:
United States	$	7,417		$	4,566		$	14,177		$	19,035
Mexico		206,342			156,861			518,111			478,479
Türkiye		121,592			147,328			321,267			447,640
Spain		2,358			1,926			4,188			3,707
India		43,053			59,561			126,882			189,207
Total net sales	$	380,762		$	370,242		$	984,625		$	1,138,068
Income (loss) from continuing operations:
U.S.	$	(3,657	)	$	(3,039	)	$	(19,318	)	$	(10,459	)
Mexico		(20,555	)		(32,926	)		(72,513	)		(114,887	)
EMEA		10,952			11,570			823			32,504
India		1,686			7,214			4,321			17,179
Total loss from continuing operations	$	(11,574	)	$	(17,181	)	$	(86,687	)	$	(75,663	)

	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
	(in thousands)
Property, plant and equipment, net:
U.S.	$	9,737	$	10,660
Mexico		42,525		49,921
EMEA		40,227		40,435
India		23,793		27,792
Total property, plant and equipment, net	$	116,282	$	128,808

(1) The losses from operations in our U.S. segment includes corporate general and administrative costs of $4.7 million and $22.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $8.8 million and $22.6 million, respectively, in the comparative prior year periods.

Note 16. Subsequent Event

In November 2024, we purchased a series of call option contracts to mitigate cash flow variability associated with forecasted expenses in Mexican Pesos against changes in the U.S. Dollar to Mexican Peso exchange rate. A premium of $7.6 million was paid in a single transaction at hedge initiation and will be amortized through cost of sales within our consolidated statements of operations through December 2025. The notional value associated with these foreign exchange call option contracts is approximately 4.3 billion Mexican Pesos (or approximately $215.9 million).

24

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those described in or implied by these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or in our previously filed Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, particularly those under the heading “Risk Factors.”

OVERVIEW

Our Company

We are the only independent manufacturer of composite wind blades for the wind energy market with a global manufacturing footprint. We deliver high-quality, cost-effective composite solutions through long-term relationships with leading original equipment manufacturers (OEM) in the wind market. We also provide field service inspection and repair services to our OEM customers and wind farm owners and operators. We are headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and operate factories in the U.S., Mexico, Türkiye, and India. We operate additional engineering development centers in Denmark and Germany and a services facility in Spain.

Our business operations are defined geographically into four geographic operating segments—(1) the United States (U.S.), (2) Mexico, (3) Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA) and (4) India. See Note 15, Segment Reporting, to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more details about our operating segments.

Discontinued Operations

In June 2024, we completed the divestiture of our wholly-owned subsidiary, TPI, Inc. (the Automotive subsidiary) for cash proceeds of one US Dollar. The Automotive subsidiary was engaged in the development, commercialization and implementation of the Company’s automotive industry related products. The Automotive subsidiary was previously classified as held for sale in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet beginning December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024. As a result of the divestiture, the Company recorded a $19.7 million non-cash impairment charge related to property, plant and equipment, and a $6.3 million loss on sale of the discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The divestiture constituted a strategic shift as the Company will focus entirely on executing on its core business in the wind industry going forward, and accordingly, the historical results of our Automotive subsidiary have been reclassified as discontinued operations for all periods presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

KEY TRENDS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AFFECTING OUR BUSINESS

Geopolitical events around the world have accelerated regional needs for energy independence and security. Climate change also continues to drive the need for renewable energy solutions and net-zero carbon emissions. The global demand for clean energy continues to rise, driven by factors such as the growing need for data centers, semiconductor chip manufacturers, the adoption of electric vehicles, and the electrification of buildings. Over the course of the past few years, we have seen numerous government policy initiatives aimed at expanding the use of renewable energy, including the passing of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the IRA) in the U.S. and several policy initiatives in the EU that are expected to simplify regulations, speed up permitting and promote cross-border projects to accelerate climate neutrality. We expect these recent trends in governmental policy will enable long-term revenue growth in the wind industry. As the majority of our wind blades are installed in the U.S. and Europe, these policy trends are expected to have a material impact on our business and the pace of long-term growth.

Despite these favorable long-term policy trends, we expect demand in the near term will not significantly improve while the wind industry goes through the process of implementing key provisions of the IRA and awaits more robust policies in the EU. In addition, permitting, transmission, transmission queues, the ability of the broader wind industry supply chain to ramp volume, elevated interest rates and inflation, and the cost and availability of capital are further factors limiting the timing of the wind market recovery.

As the onshore wind market recovers, we expect sales of our wind blades to increase moderately in 2025 as our lines that are in startup and transition in 2024 will achieve serial production to meet projected customer demand for wind blades in the U.S. market, partially offset by lower forecasted demand for wind blades in the European market. While long-term onshore market growth in Europe remains in sight, the economic viability of pursuing that demand with European-based manufacturing is becoming increasingly challenging. Historically, we have serviced the European market with our plants in Türkiye. The hyperinflationary environment we

25

have experienced in Türkiye for the last number of years is not expected to subside any time soon. In addition, Türkiye’s monetary policy continues to limit Turkish Lira devaluation, resulting in a very challenging environment to export goods out of Türkiye. Furthermore, while we have successfully competed with Chinese blade manufacturers for years, their recent aggressive push to expand their presence in Europe and other regions outside of North America, supported by their government's backing, has added to the challenging competitive environment outside of the U.S. Unlike the U.S., which has implemented tariffs to protect against unfair competition and tax laws to encourage near shoring and domestic manufacturing, we believe it is unlikely that European governments will take similar steps to meaningfully help suppliers like TPI that supply passive components to our OEM customers.

Ongoing inflationary pressures have caused and may continue to cause many of our production expenses to increase, which adversely impacts our results of operations. The government of Mexico increased minimum wages 20% effective January 1, 2024. The government of Türkiye increased minimum wages 49% effective January 1, 2024. While our customer contracts allow us to pass a portion of these increases to our customers, we will not be able to recover 100% of the increased labor costs caused by this wage inflation. If our manufacturing facilities in these countries continue to experience wage inflation at these levels, and the increased costs in local currency are not offset by favorable foreign currency fluctuations or productivity improvements, such elevated wages will have a material impact on our results of operations.

Effective June 30, 2024, we shut down the Matamoros, Mexico manufacturing facility for Nordex that we took over from them in July 2021. Our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were adversely impacted by the performance of this facility in the first half of the year due to higher than anticipated losses driven by cancelled orders and production inefficiencies resulting from Nordex’s request for us to shut down the plant at the conclusion of the contract on June 30, 2024, including releasing all associates working in the factory. While Nordex funded all of our severance costs for the headcount reduction, our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were negatively impacted by significantly less demand from Nordex than expected and production inefficiencies relating to the closure of the facility. We experienced a loss from operations of $33.6 million at this facility for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and a loss from operations of $25.6 million at this facility for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The increase in this loss from operations compared to the prior year was primarily due to a 50% decrease for the nine-month period in the volume of wind blades produced, due to environmental conditions at this facility affecting production in early 2024, cancelled orders and inefficiencies resulting from the closure of the facility in the second quarter of 2024. The loss from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was reduced by the impact of $5.0 million in additional fees received from Nordex related to the cancelled orders and production inefficiencies during the closure of the facility.

We are exploring alternatives for the divestiture of our tooling business as part of our continued prioritization of capital for growth in the wind blade business, and as of September 30, 2024, we met the criteria to classify $5.0 million of assets and $1.1 million of liabilities as held for sale in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The assets held for sale primarily relate to net property, plant and equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The liabilities held for sale primarily relate to accounts payable and other accrued expenses. Upon classifying the assets as held for sale, we recognized $3.9 million of impairment charges during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

KEY METRICS USED BY MANAGEMENT TO MEASURE PERFORMANCE

In addition to measures of financial performance presented in our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, we use certain other financial measures and operating metrics to analyze our performance. These “non-GAAP” financial measures consist of EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow and net cash (debt), which help us evaluate growth trends, establish budgets, assess operational efficiencies, oversee our overall liquidity, and evaluate our overall financial performance. The key operating metrics consist of wind blade sets produced, estimated megawatts of energy capacity to be generated by wind blade sets produced, utilization, dedicated manufacturing lines, manufacturing lines installed, and weighted-average sales price (ASP) per wind blade, all of which help us evaluate our operational performance. We believe that these measures are useful to investors in evaluating our performance. For a detailed discussion of our key financial measures and our key operating metrics, refer to the discussion in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Key Metrics Used By Management To Measure Performance” included in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

26

KEY FINANCIAL MEASURES

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Net sales	$	380,762		$	370,242		$	984,625		$	1,138,068
Net loss from continuing operations		(38,596	)		(26,948	)		(160,971	)		(95,578	)
EBITDA (1)		(5,590	)		(8,638	)		(63,128	)		(50,191	)
Adjusted EBITDA (1)		8,014			215			(39,940	)		(20,431	)
Capital expenditures (2)								22,079			15,846
Free cash flow (1)(2)								(96,922	)		(101,754	)

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Total debt, net of debt issuance costs and debt discount	$	605,834		$	485,193
Net debt (1)		(479,228	)		(323,218	)

(1)

See below for more information and a reconciliation of EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow and net cash (debt) to net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders, net cash provided by (used in) operating activities and total debt, net of debt issuance costs, respectively, the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

(2)

Capital expenditures and free cash flow include amounts from discontinued operations. Refer to Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for more information.

The following tables reconcile our non-GAAP key financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures:

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are reconciled as follows:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(40,068	)	$	(72,846	)	$	(192,625	)	$	(190,981	)
Net loss from discontinued operations		1,472			29,867			31,654			48,601
Net loss from continuing operations attributable    to common stockholders		(38,596	)		(42,979	)		(160,971	)		(142,380	)
Preferred stock dividends and accretion		—			16,031			—			46,802
Net loss from continuing operations		(38,596	)		(26,948	)		(160,971	)		(95,578	)
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization		7,571			8,678			22,943			27,238
Interest expense, net		24,194			1,625			68,005			6,026
Income tax provision		1,241			8,007			6,895			12,123
EBITDA		(5,590	)		(8,638	)		(63,128	)		(50,191	)
Share-based compensation expense		1,634			2,468			5,321			8,993
Foreign currency loss		2,346			511			2,845			3,257
Loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		9,196			5,164			14,114			14,576
Restructuring charges, net		428			710			908			2,934
Adjusted EBITDA	$	8,014		$	215		$	(39,940	)	$	(20,431	)

Free cash flow is reconciled as follows:

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(74,843	)	$	(85,908	)
Capital expenditures		(22,079	)		(15,846	)
Free cash flow	$	(96,922	)	$	(101,754	)

27

Net cash (debt) is reconciled as follows:

	September 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	125,871		$	161,059
Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations		735			916
Total debt, net of debt issuance costs and debt discount		(605,834	)		(485,193	)
Net debt	$	(479,228	)	$	(323,218	)

KEY OPERATING METRICS

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Sets		601			666			1,562			1,982
Estimated megawatts		2,526			2,892			6,600			8,750
Utilization		89	%		85	%		73	%		84	%
Dedicated manufacturing lines		34			37			34			37
Manufacturing lines installed		34			37			34			37
Wind blade ASP (in $ thousands)	$	199		$	176		$	198		$	183

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table summarizes our operating results as a percentage of net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 that have been derived from our condensed consolidated statements of operations:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Net sales		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Cost of sales		97.1			99.4			99.8			102.2
Startup and transition costs		2.1			1.3			5.2			0.9
Total cost of goods sold		99.3			100.7			105.0			103.1
Gross profit (loss)		0.7			(0.7	)		(5.0	)		(3.1	)
General and administrative expenses		1.2			2.4			2.3			2.0
Loss on sale of assets and asset impairments		2.4			1.4			1.4			1.3
Restructuring charges, net		0.1			0.1			0.1			0.2
Loss from continuing operations		(3.0	)		(4.6	)		(8.8	)		(6.6	)
Total other expense		(6.8	)		(0.5	)		(6.8	)		(0.7	)
Loss before income taxes		(9.8	)		(5.1	)		(15.6	)		(7.3	)
Income tax provision		(0.3	)		(2.2	)		(0.7	)		(1.1	)
Net loss from continuing operations		(10.1	)		(7.3	)		(16.3	)		(8.4	)
Preferred stock dividends and accretion		—			(4.3	)		—			(4.1	)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders from continuing operations		(10.1	)		(11.6	)		(16.3	)		(12.5	)
Net loss from discontinued operations		(0.4	)		(8.1	)		(3.3	)		(4.3	)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders		(10.5	)%		(19.7	)%		(19.6	)%		(16.8	)%

28

Net sales

Consolidated discussion

The following table summarizes our net sales by product/service for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended									Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change					September 30,				Change
	2024		2023		$		%			2024		2023		$			%
	(in thousands)									(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling    and other wind    related sales	$	369,082	$	362,231	$	6,851		1.9	%	$	962,277	$	1,112,557	$	(150,280	)		(13.5	)%
Field service,    inspection and    repair services sales		11,680		8,011		3,669		45.8			22,348		25,511		(3,163	)		(12.4	)
Total net sales	$	380,762	$	370,242	$	10,520		2.8	%	$	984,625	$	1,138,068	$	(153,443	)		(13.5	)%

The increase in net sales of wind blades, tooling and other wind related sales (collectively, Wind) for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to higher average sales prices of wind blades due to changes in the mix of wind blade models produced, in particular the startup of production at one of our previously idled facilities in Juarez, Mexico, an increase in wind blade inventory included in contract assets driven by the startups and transitions, and favorable foreign currency fluctuations. The increase in wind blade inventory directly correlates to higher sales under the cost-to-cost revenue recognition method for our wind blade contracts. This increase was partially offset by a 10% decrease for the three-month period ended September 30, 2024 in the number of wind blades produced due primarily to the number and pace of startups and transitions and expected volume declines based on market activity levels. The decrease in Wind sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to a 21% decrease for the nine-month period in the number of wind blades produced due primarily to the number and pace of startups and transitions, expected volume declines based on market activity levels, and unfavorable foreign currency fluctuations. This decrease was partially offset by higher average sales prices of wind blades due to changes in the mix of wind blade models produced, in particular the startup of production at one of our previously idled facilities in Juarez, Mexico. The increase in field service, inspection and repair services (collectively, Field Services) sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to an increase in technicians deployed to revenue generating projects as our technicians decreased their time spent on non-revenue generating inspection and repair activities. The decrease in Field Services sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to a reduction in technicians deployed to revenue generating projects due to an increase in time spent on non-revenue generating inspection and repair activities in the first half of 2024. The fluctuating U.S. dollar relative to the Euro had a favorable impact of 0.3% and 0.1%, respectively, on consolidated net sales during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023.

Segment discussion

The following table summarizes our net sales by our four geographic operating segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended										Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change						September 30,				Change
	2024		2023		$			%			2024		2023		$			%
	(in thousands)										(in thousands)
U.S.	$	7,417	$	4,566	$	2,851			62.4	%	$	14,177	$	19,035	$	(4,858	)		(25.5	)%
Mexico		206,342		156,861		49,481			31.5			518,111		478,479		39,632			8.3
EMEA		123,950		149,254		(25,304	)		(17.0	)		325,455		451,347		(125,892	)		(27.9	)
India		43,053		59,561		(16,508	)		(27.7	)		126,882		189,207		(62,325	)		(32.9	)
Total net sales	$	380,762	$	370,242	$	10,520			2.8	%	$	984,625	$	1,138,068	$	(153,443	)		(13.5	)%

29

U.S. Segment

The following table summarizes our net sales by product/service for the U.S. segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended									Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change					September 30,				Change
	2024		2023		$		%			2024		2023		$			%
	(in thousands)									(in thousands)
Field service,    inspection and    repair services sales	$	7,417	$	4,566	$	2,851		62.4	%	$	14,177	$	19,035	$	(4,858	)		(25.5	)%
Total net sales	$	7,417	$	4,566	$	2,851		62.4	%	$	14,177	$	19,035	$	(4,858	)		(25.5	)%

The increase in Field Services sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to an increase in technicians deployed to revenue generating projects and less time spent on non-revenue generating projects as inspection and repair activities slow down. The decrease in Field Services sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to a reduction in technicians deployed to revenue generating projects in the first half of 2024 due to an increase in time spent on non-revenue generating inspection and repair activities in the first half of 2024.

Mexico Segment

The following table summarizes our net sales by product/service for the Mexico segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended									Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change					September 30,				Change
	2024		2023		$		%			2024		2023		$		%
	(in thousands)									(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling    and other wind    related sales	$	205,523	$	156,077	$	49,446		31.7	%	$	516,728	$	477,306	$	39,422		8.3	%
Field service,    inspection and    repair services sales		819		784		35		4.5			1,383		1,173		210		17.9
Total net sales	$	206,342	$	156,861	$	49,481		31.5	%	$	518,111	$	478,479	$	39,632		8.3	%

The increase in the Mexico segment’s Wind sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to higher average sales prices of wind blades in Mexico due to changes in the mix of wind blade models produced, the impact of wage inflation on wind blade prices, an increase in wind blade inventory included in contract assets driven by startups and transitions, and a 1% net increase in the number of wind blades produced across our Mexico facilities. The increase in wind blade inventory in the Mexico segment directly correlates to higher sales under the cost-to-cost revenue recognition method for our wind blade contracts.

The increase in the Mexico segment’s Wind sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to higher average sales prices of wind blades due to changes in the mix of wind blade models produced, partially offset by a 12% net decrease in the number of wind blades produced across our Mexico facilities. The change in volume was primarily associated with decreased production at one of our Matamoros, Mexico manufacturing facilities due to the transition of several of the manufacturing lines at this facility to larger wind blade models that have not yet achieved serial production levels. The change in volume was also due to a decrease in the number of wind blades produced at the Nordex Matamoros facility that shut down at the conclusion of the contract on June 30, 2024. These decreases were partially offset by a combined 6% increase in volume across our facilities in Juarez, Mexico, including the restart of production at one of our previously idled facilities.

30

EMEA Segment

The following table summarizes our net sales by product/service for the EMEA segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended										Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change						September 30,				Change
	2024		2023		$			%			2024		2023		$			%
	(in thousands)										(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling    and other wind    related sales	$	120,506	$	146,593	$	(26,087	)		(17.8	)%	$	318,667	$	446,044	$	(127,377	)		(28.6	)%
Field service,    inspection and    repair services sales		3,444		2,661		783			29.4			6,788		5,303		1,485			28.0
Total net sales	$	123,950	$	149,254	$	(25,304	)		(17.0	)%	$	325,455	$	451,347	$	(125,892	)		(27.9	)%

The decrease in the EMEA segment’s Wind sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023, was primarily due to a 15% and 30% decrease, for the three and nine month periods, respectively, in the number of wind blades produced due to reduced demand from one of our customers and the transition of certain manufacturing lines to a different customers' wind blade model, as well as unfavorable foreign currency fluctuations. These decreases were partially offset by higher average sales prices of wind blades in Türkiye due to such changes in the mix of wind blade models produced. The fluctuating U.S. dollar relative to the Euro had a favorable impact of 0.9% and 0.4% on the EMEA segment's net sales, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023.

India Segment

The following table summarizes our net sales by product/service for the India segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended										Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change						September 30,				Change
	2024		2023		$			%			2024		2023		$			%
	(in thousands)										(in thousands)
Wind blade, tooling    and other wind    related sales	$	43,053	$	59,561	$	(16,508	)		(27.7	)%	$	126,882	$	189,207	$	(62,325	)		(32.9	)%
Total net sales	$	43,053	$	59,561	$	(16,508	)		(27.7	)%	$	126,882	$	189,207	$	(62,325	)		(32.9	)%

The decrease in the India segment’s net sales of Wind for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023, was primarily due to a 24% decrease for both the three and nine month periods in the number of wind blades produced due to a decrease in market demand for one of our customers' wind blades models produced at this facility, and lower average sales prices due to the impact of raw material and logistic cost reductions on wind blade prices.

Total cost of goods sold

The following table summarizes our total cost of goods sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change						September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$			%			2024			2023			$			%
	(in thousands)												(in thousands)
Cost of sales	$	369,882		$	367,915		$	1,967			0.5	%	$	982,939		$	1,163,429		$	(180,490	)		(15.5	)%
Startup costs		4,596			—			4,596		NM				18,278			—			18,278		NM
Transition costs		3,517			4,817			(1,300	)		(27.0	)		32,742			10,174			22,568		NM
Total startup and    transition costs		8,113			4,817			3,296			68.4			51,020			10,174			40,846		NM
Total cost of    goods sold	$	377,995		$	372,732		$	5,263			1.4	%	$	1,033,959		$	1,173,603		$	(139,644	)		(11.9	)%
% of net sales		99.3	%		100.7	%					(1.4	)%		105.0	%		103.1	%					1.9	%

NM – not meaningful

31

Total cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales decreased by approximately 1.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily driven by the shutdown of our Nordex Matamoros facility at the end of the second quarter of 2024 which had significant cost challenges in the prior comparative period, a decrease in warranty costs, and a decrease in transition costs as we made progress on the transition of four manufacturing lines at our other Matamoros, Mexico facility. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in startup costs associated with four manufacturing lines in Juarez, Mexico at a previously idle manufacturing facility, and increased labor costs in Türkiye and Mexico as a result of wage increases. The fluctuating U.S. dollar against the Euro, Turkish Lira, Mexican Peso and Indian Rupee had a combined favorable impact of 3.0% on consolidated cost of goods sold for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023.

Total cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales increased by approximately 1.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily driven by an increase in startup and transition costs associated with four manufacturing lines in Juarez, Mexico at a previously idle manufacturing facility, two manufacturing lines in transition at one of our Türkiye facilities where two longer blade models are replacing three blade models due to space considerations, and four manufacturing lines in transition at one of our Matamoros, Mexico manufacturing facilities. The increase in cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales was also due to increased labor costs in Türkiye and Mexico as a result of wage increases. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in warranty costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, due to the $32.7 million warranty charge recorded in the second quarter of the prior year. The fluctuating U.S. dollar against the Euro, Turkish Lira, Mexican Peso and Indian Rupee had a combined favorable impact of 4.1% on consolidated cost of goods sold for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023.

General and administrative expenses

The following table summarizes our general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change						September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$			%			2024			2023			$			%
	(in thousands)												(in thousands)
General and    administrative    expenses	$	4,717		$	8,817		$	(4,100	)		(46.5	)%	$	22,331		$	22,618		$	(287	)		(1.3	)%
% of net sales		1.2	%		2.4	%					(1.2	)%		2.3	%		2.0	%					0.3	%

General and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales decreased by approximately 1.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, and was primarily driven by lower employee compensation costs and cost savings initiatives. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023 was flat, primarily due to lower employee compensation costs and cost savings initiatives, offset by increases in professional service and consulting fees.

Loss on sale of assets and asset impairments

The following table summarizes our loss on sale of assets and asset impairments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended											Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change					September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$		%			2024			2023			$			%
	(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Loss on sale    of receivables	$	5,174		$	5,153		$	21		0.4	%	$	9,101		$	14,543		$	(5,442	)		(37.4	)%
Loss on sale    of other assets		4,022			11			4,011	NM				5,013			33			4,980		NM
Total loss on sale of    assets and asset    impairments	$	9,196		$	5,164		$	4,032		78.1		$	14,114		$	14,576		$	(462	)		(3.2	)
% of net sales		2.4	%		1.4	%				1.0	%		1.4	%		1.3	%					0.1	%

32

The increase in loss on sale of assets and asset impairments for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to $3.9 million of asset impairments associated with our tooling business in Mexico. The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to a decrease in the volume of receivables sold through our accounts receivable financing arrangements with certain of our customers in the first half of 2024.

Income (loss) from operations

Segment discussion

The following table summarizes our income (loss) from operations by our four geographic operating segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change						September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$			%			2024			2023			$			%
	(in thousands)												(in thousands)
U.S.	$	(3,657	)	$	(3,039	)	$	(618	)		(20.3	)%	$	(19,318	)	$	(10,459	)	$	(8,859	)		(84.7	)%
Mexico		(20,555	)		(32,926	)		12,371			37.6			(72,513	)		(114,887	)		42,374			36.9
EMEA		10,952			11,570			(618	)		(5.3	)		823			32,504			(31,681	)		(97.5	)
India		1,686			7,214			(5,528	)		(76.6	)		4,321			17,179			(12,858	)		(74.8	)
Total income (loss)    from continuing    operations	$	(11,574	)	$	(17,181	)	$	5,607			32.6	%	$	(86,687	)	$	(75,663	)	$	(11,024	)		(14.6	)%
% of net sales		(3.0	)%		(4.6	)%					1.6	%		(8.8	)%		(6.6	)%					(2.2	)%

U.S. Segment

The increase in loss from operations in the U.S. segment for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to increases in professional services and consulting fees. This loss was partially offset by a decrease in employee compensation costs, reduced share-based compensation and depreciation expenses. The increase in the loss from operations in the U.S. segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to a reduction in field services sales in the first half of 2024 as technicians spent more time on non-revenue generating inspection and repair activities.

Mexico Segment

The decrease in loss from operations in the Mexico segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023, was primarily due to the shutdown of our Nordex Matamoros facility at the end of the second quarter of 2024, which had significant cost challenges in the prior comparative period, as well as higher average sales prices in the current period due to a change in the mix of wind blades, and favorable foreign currency fluctuations. This was partially offset by a decrease in the volume of wind blades produced, increased startup and transition costs, increased labor costs, and continued cost challenges at our other facility in Matamoros, Mexico. The fluctuating U.S. dollar relative to the Mexican Peso had a favorable impact of 2.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023.

EMEA Segment

The decrease in income from operations in the EMEA segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023, was primarily due to a 15% and 30% decrease, for the three and nine month periods, respectively, in the volume of wind blades produced, increased startup and transition costs, inflation impacting operating costs that we were not able to pass on to our customers, and increased labor costs as a result of wage increases in Türkiye. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in wind blade prices, cost savings initiatives, and favorable foreign currency fluctuations. The fluctuating U.S. dollar relative to the Turkish Lira and Euro had a favorable impact of 5.9% and 13.8%, respectively, on the EMEA segment's cost of goods sold for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023.

India Segment

The decrease in income from operations in the India segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023, was primarily due to a 24% decrease for both the three and nine month periods respectively, in the volume of wind blades produced and lower average sales prices.

33

Other income (expense)

The following table summarizes our total other income (expense) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change						September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$			%			2024			2023			$			%
	(in thousands)												(in thousands)
Interest expense, net	$	(24,194	)	$	(1,625	)	$	(22,569	)	NM			$	(68,005	)	$	(6,026	)	$	(61,979	)	NM
Foreign currency loss		(2,346	)		(511	)		(1,835	)	NM				(2,845	)		(3,257	)		412			12.6
Miscellaneous income		759			376			383			101.9			3,461			1,491			1,970			132.1
Total other expense	$	(25,781	)	$	(1,760	)	$	(24,021	)	NM			$	(67,389	)	$	(7,792	)	$	(59,597	)	NM
% of net sales		(6.8	)%		(0.5	)%					(6.3	)%		(6.8	)%		(0.7	)%					(6.1	)%

Total other expense as a percentage of net sales increased by 6.3% and 6.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2023, primarily due to an increase in interest expense and non-cash amortization of debt discount related to the refinancing and issuance of our 11% senior secured term loan in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Income taxes

The following table summarizes our income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended											Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change					September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$		%			2024			2023			$		%
	(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Income tax provision	$	(1,241	)	$	(8,007	)	$	6,766		84.5	%	$	(6,895	)	$	(12,123	)	$	5,228		43.1	%
Effective tax rate		(0.3	)%		(2.2	)%				1.9	%		(0.7	)%		(1.1	)%				0.4	%

See Note 10, Income Taxes, to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more details about our income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Net loss from continuing operations

The following table summarizes our net loss from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended												Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change						September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$			%			2024			2023			$			%
	(in thousands)												(in thousands)
Net loss from    continuing    operations	$	(38,596	)	$	(26,948	)	$	(11,648	)		(43.2	)%	$	(160,971	)	$	(95,578	)	$	(65,393	)		(68.4	)%

The increase in the net loss from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in 2023, was primarily due to the reasons set forth above.

Net loss from discontinued operations

The following table summarizes our net income (loss) from discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Three Months Ended											Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						Change					September 30,						Change
	2024			2023			$		%			2024			2023			$		%
	(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Net loss from    discontinued    operations	$	(1,472	)	$	(29,867	)	$	28,395		95.1	%	$	(31,654	)	$	(48,601	)	$	16,947		34.9	%

34

The decrease in net loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to the impacts of credit losses and impairment charges at our Automotive subsidiary in the prior comparative period because of the Proterra bankruptcy in August 2023. The decrease in net loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, was primarily due to the same reasons set forth above, partially offset by the impacts of our divestiture of our Automotive subsidiary in June 2024, which resulted in approximately $19.7 million of asset impairment charges related to property, plant and equipment, and $6.3 million of loss on the sale of discontinued operations.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our primary needs for liquidity have been, and in the future will continue to be, capital expenditures, purchases of raw materials, new facility startup costs, the impact of line startups and transitions, working capital, debt service costs, warranty costs and restructuring costs associated with the optimization of our global footprint. Our capital expenditures have been primarily related to machinery and equipment for new facilities or facility expansions. Historically, we have funded our working capital needs through cash flows from operations, the proceeds received from our credit facilities and term debt, and proceeds received from the issuance of stock.

We had net proceeds under all of our various financing arrangements of $62.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to net proceeds under our financing arrangements of $111.6 million in the comparable period of 2023, primarily due to the issuance of the Convertible Notes in the prior comparative period. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $605.8 million and $485.2 million in outstanding indebtedness, net of issuance costs and debt discount, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, $139.8 million of outstanding indebtedness, consisting primarily of our working capital facilities in Türkiye and India, matures within the next twelve months. As of September 30, 2024, we had an aggregate of $25.3 million of remaining capacity for cash and non-cash financing, including $19.1 million of remaining availability for cash borrowing under our various credit facilities. Based upon current and anticipated levels of operations, we believe that cash on hand, available credit facilities, and cash flow from operations will be adequate to fund our working capital and capital expenditure requirements and to make required payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness over the next twelve months.

We anticipate that any new facilities and future facility expansions will be funded through cash flows from operations, the incurrence of other indebtedness and other potential sources of liquidity. The 11% senior secured term loan contains certain covenants and rights including, but not limited to, amount of indebtedness, capital expenditure limitations, a U.S. cash on hand balance requirement of $40.0 million through September 30, 2024 and $50.0 million thereafter.

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $125.9 million and $161.1 million, respectively. The September 30, 2024 balance includes $51.5 million of cash located outside of the United States, including $45.0 million in Türkiye, $4.6 million in India, $1.3 million in Mexico and $0.6 million in other countries. The December 31, 2023 balance included $45.0 million of cash located outside of the U.S., including $40.6 million in Türkiye, $1.9 million in India, $1.2 million in Mexico and $1.3 million in other countries. In addition to these amounts, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 we had $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents related to our discontinued operations which is held outside of the U.S.

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Financing Facilities

Our total principal amount of debt outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $702.9 million and $606.1 million, respectively, including our convertible senior notes, secured and unsecured financing, working capital and term loan agreements and equipment finance leases. See Note 6, Debt, to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more details on our debt balances.

Cash Flow Discussion

The following table summarizes our key cash flow activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024			2023			$ Change
	(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(74,843	)	$	(85,908	)	$	11,065
Net cash used in investing activities		(22,079	)		(3,010	)		(19,069	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		60,776			109,029			(48,253	)
Impact of foreign exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents    and restricted cash		(485	)		700			(1,185	)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(36,631	)	$	20,811		$	(57,442	)

Operating Cash Flows

Net cash used in operating activities decreased by $11.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to changes in net working capital in the current period and higher payments in the first quarter of the prior comparative period related to restructuring activities associated with the shutdown of our China operations at the end of 2022, partially offset by an increase in cash paid for taxes and cash paid for interest.

Investing Cash Flows

Net cash used in investing activities increased by $19.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to an increase of $6.3 million in capital expenditures for the startup and transition of our manufacturing lines at our facilities in Mexico and Türkiye and $12.8 million associated with the sale of our Taicang, China facility in the prior year.

Financing Cash Flows

Net cash provided by financing activities decreased by $48.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to the proceeds from the Convertible Notes in the prior comparative period, partially offset by increased borrowings under our Türkiye and India working capital facilities in the current period.

We are not presently involved in any off-balance sheet arrangements, including transactions with unconsolidated special-purpose or other entities that would materially affect our financial position, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources, other than our accounts receivable assignment agreements described below. Furthermore, we do not have any relationships with special-purpose or other entities that provide off-balance sheet financing; liquidity, market risk or credit risk support; or engage in leasing or other services that may expose us to liability or risks of loss that are not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Our segments enter into accounts receivable assignment agreements with various financial institutions. Under these agreements, the financial institution buys, on a non-recourse basis, the accounts receivable amounts related to our segments' customers at an agreed-upon discount rate.

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The following table summarizes certain key details of each of the accounts receivable assignment agreements in place as of September 30, 2024:

Year Of Initial Agreement	Segment(s) Related To	Current Annual Interest Rate
2019	Asia and Mexico	LIBOR plus 1.00%
2020	EMEA	EURIBOR plus 1.95%
2020	India	LIBOR plus 1.00%
2020	U.S.	SOFR plus 0.29%
2021	Mexico	SOFR plus 0.29%
2022	EMEA	EURIBOR plus 1.97%

As the receivables are purchased by the financial institutions under the agreements noted above, the receivables are removed from our condensed consolidated balance sheet. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, $240.5 million and $459.6 million, respectively, of receivables were sold under the accounts receivable assignment agreements described above as compared to $278.2 million and $785.9 million, respectively, in the comparative prior year period.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk in the ordinary course of our business. These market risks are principally limited to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk. We conduct international operations in Mexico, Türkiye, India and Europe. Our results of operations are subject to both currency transaction risk and currency translation risk. We incur currency transaction risk whenever we enter into either a purchase or sale transaction using a currency other than the functional currency of the transacting entity. With respect to currency translation risk, our financial condition and results of operations are measured and recorded in the relevant functional currency and then translated into U.S. dollars for inclusion in our condensed consolidated financial statements. In recent years, exchange rates between these foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar have fluctuated significantly and may do so in the future. A hypothetical change of 10% in the exchange rates for the countries above would have resulted in a change to income from operations of approximately $10.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Commodity Price Risk. We are subject to commodity price risk under agreements for the supply of our raw materials. We have not hedged our commodity price exposure. We generally lock in pricing for most of our key raw materials for 12 months which protects us from price increases within that period, which we believe helps to mitigate the impact of raw material price increases. As many of our raw material supply agreements have meet or release clauses, if raw materials prices decrease, we are able to benefit from the reductions in price.

Resin, resin systems, and carbon fiber are the primary commodities for which we do not have fixed pricing. Approximately 52% of the resin and resin systems, and approximately 71% of the carbon fiber, we use is purchased under contracts either controlled or borne by two of our customers and therefore they receive/bear 100% of any decrease or increase in resin and carbon fiber costs further limiting our exposure to price fluctuations.

Taking into account the contractual obligations of our customers to share with us the cost savings or increases resulting from a change in the current forecasted price of resin, resin systems, and carbon fiber, we believe that a 10% change in the current forecasted price of resin, resin systems and carbon fiber for the customers in which we are exposed to fluctuating prices would have an impact to income from operations of approximately $5.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. With respect to our other customer supply agreements, our customers typically receive approximately 70% of the cost savings or increases resulting from a change in the price of resin, resin systems and carbon fiber.

Interest Rate Risk. As of September 30, 2024, all remaining secured and unsecured financing and finance lease obligations are fixed rate instruments and are not subject to fluctuations in interest rates.

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Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the design and operating effectiveness as of September 30, 2024 of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

See Note 13, Commitments and Contingencies, under the heading “Legal Proceedings” to our condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of legal proceedings and other related matters.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors (Part I, Item 1A) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, and/or future results.

Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

Not applicable.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Not applicable.

Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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Item 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description
31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101.*)

* Filed herewith.

** The certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	TPI COMPOSITES, INC.
Date: November 7, 2024	By:	/s/ Ryan Miller
		Ryan Miller
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

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