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TABLE OF CONTENTS
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 29, 2013.
Registration No. 333-191835
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO
FORM F-10
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Franco-Nevada Corporation
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
| | | | |
Canada | | 1040 | | Not Applicable |
(Province or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | | (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number, if applicable) |
199 Bay Street, Suite 2000, P.O. Box 285, Commerce Court Postal Station
Toronto, Ontario M5L 1G9
Canada
(416) 306-6300
(Address and telephone number of Registrant's principal executive offices)
Corporation Service Company
1180 Avenue of the Americas, Suite 210
New York, New York 10036-8401
(866) 403-5272
(Name, address (including zip code) and telephone number (including area code) of agent for service in the United States)
Copies to:
| | | | |
Lloyd Hong Franco-Nevada Corporation 199 Bay Street, Suite 2000 P.O. Box 285 Commerce Court Postal Station Toronto, ON M5L 1G9 Canada (416) 306-6300 | | Tina M. Woodside Kathleen M. Ritchie Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP 1 First Canadian Place Suite 1600 Toronto, ON M5X 1G5 Canada (416) 862-7525 | | Christopher J. Barry Kimberley Anderson Dorsey & Whitney LLP Columbia Center 701 Fifth Avenue Suite 6100 Seattle, WA 98104-7043 (206) 903-8800 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of the securities to the public:
As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
Ontario, Canada
(Principal jurisdiction regulating this offering)
It is proposed that this filing shall become effective (check appropriate box below):
- A.
- [ ] upon filing with the Commission, pursuant to Rule 467(a) (if in connection with an offering being made contemporaneously in the United States and Canada).
- B.
- [X] at some future date (check the appropriate box below)
- 1.
- [ ] pursuant to Rule 467(b) on ( ) at ( ) (designate a time not sooner than 7 calendar days after filing).
- 2.
- [ ] pursuant to Rule 467(b) on ( ) at ( ) (designate a time 7 calendar days or sooner after filing) because the securities regulatory authority in the review jurisdiction has issued a receipt or notification of clearance on ( ).
- 3.
- [X] pursuant to Rule 467(b) as soon as practicable after notification of the Commission by the Registrant or the Canadian securities regulatory authority of the review jurisdiction that a receipt or notification of clearance has been issued with respect hereto.
- 4.
- [ ] after the filing of the next amendment to this Form (if preliminary material is being filed).
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to the home jurisdiction's shelf prospectus offering procedures, check the following box. [X]
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registration Statement shall become effective as provided in Rule 467 under the Securities Act or on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to Section 8(a) of the Securities Act, may determine.
PART I
INFORMATION REQUIRED TO BE DELIVERED TO OFFEREES OR PURCHASERS
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| | |
PROSPECTUS | | October 29, 2013 |

FRANCO-NEVADA CORPORATION
Common Shares
Preferred Shares
Debt Securities
Warrants
Subscription Receipts
C$1,000,000,000
Franco-Nevada Corporation (the "Corporation" or "Franco-Nevada") may offer and issue from time to time common shares of the Corporation ("Common Shares"), preferred shares of the Corporation ("Preferred Shares"), debt securities ("Debt Securities"), warrants to purchase Common Shares, Preferred Shares or Debt Securities ("Warrants"), or subscription receipts ("Subscription Receipts") (all of the foregoing collectively, the "Securities") or any combination thereof for up to an aggregate initial offering price of C$1,000,000,000 (or the equivalent thereof in other currencies) during the 25-month period that this short form base shelf prospectus (the "Prospectus"), including any amendments hereto, remains effective. Securities may be offered separately or together, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined based on market conditions at the time of sale and set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement (a "Prospectus Supplement"). In addition, Securities may be offered and issued in consideration for the acquisition of other businesses, assets or securities by the Corporation or a subsidiary of the Corporation. The consideration for any such acquisition may consist of any of the Securities separately, a combination of Securities or any combination of, among other things, Securities, cash and assumption of liabilities.
The specific terms of the Securities with respect to a particular offering will be set out in the applicable Prospectus Supplement and may include, where applicable (i) in the case of Common Shares, the number of Common Shares offered, the offering price, whether the Common Shares are being offered for cash, and any other terms specific to the Common Shares being offered, (ii) in the case of Preferred Shares, the number of Preferred Shares offered, the designation of a particular class or series, if applicable, the offering price, whether the Preferred Shares are being offered for cash, the dividend rate, if any, any terms for redemption or retraction, any conversion rights, and any other terms specific to the Preferred Shares being offered, (iii) in the case of Debt Securities, the specific designation, the aggregate principal amount, the currency or the currency unit for which the Debt Securities may be purchased, the maturity, the interest provisions, the authorized denominations, the offering price, whether the Debt Securities are being offered for cash, the covenants, the events of default, any terms for redemption or retraction, any exchange or conversion rights attached to the Debt Securities, whether the debt is senior or subordinated to the Corporation's other liabilities and obligations, whether the Debt Securities will be secured by any of the Corporation's assets or guaranteed by any other person and any other terms specific to the Debt Securities being offered, (iv) in the case of Warrants, the offering price, whether the Warrants are being offered for cash, the designation, the number and the terms of the Common Shares, Preferred Shares or Debt Securities purchasable upon exercise of the Warrants, any procedures that will result in the adjustment of these numbers, the exercise price, the dates and periods of exercise and any other terms specific to the Warrants being offered, and (v) in the case of Subscription Receipts, the number of Subscription Receipts being offered, the offering price, whether the Subscription Receipts are being offered for cash, the procedures for the exchange of the Subscription Receipts for Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or Warrants, as the case may be, and any other terms specific to the Subscription Receipts being offered. Where required by statute, regulation or policy, and where Securities are offered in currencies other than Canadian dollars, appropriate disclosure of foreign exchange rates applicable to the Securities will be included in the Prospectus Supplement describing the Securities.
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All shelf information permitted under applicable law to be omitted from this Prospectus will be contained in one or more Prospectus Supplements that will be delivered to purchasers together with this Prospectus. Each Prospectus Supplement will be incorporated by reference into this Prospectus for the purposes of securities legislation as of the date of the Prospectus Supplement and only for the purposes of the distribution of the Securities to which the Prospectus Supplement pertains.
This Prospectus constitutes a public offering of the Securities only in those jurisdictions where they may be lawfully offered for sale and only by persons permitted to sell the Securities in those jurisdictions. The Corporation may offer and sell Securities to, or through, underwriters or dealers and also may offer and sell certain Securities directly to other purchasers or through agents pursuant to exemptions from registration or qualification under applicable securities laws. A Prospectus Supplement relating to each issue of Securities offered thereby will set forth the names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents involved in the offering and sale of the Securities and will set forth the terms of the offering of the Securities, the method of distribution of the Securities including, to the extent applicable, the proceeds to the Corporation and any fees, discounts or any other compensation payable to underwriters, dealers or agents and any other material terms of the plan of distribution.
The outstanding Common Shares and certain warrants to purchase Common Shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the "TSX") under the symbols "FNV" and "FNV.WT.A", respectively. The Common Shares are also listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the symbol "FNV".Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, no Securities, other than Common Shares, will be listed on any securities exchange.
Franco-Nevada's registered office and head office is located at Suite 2000, 199 Bay Street, P.O. Box 285, Commerce Court Postal Station, Toronto, Ontario M5L 1G9.
Thomas Albanese, a director of the Corporation, and Keith Blair, a qualified person, reside outside of Canada and have appointed the Corporation as agent for service of process at its head office address. Stuart E. Collins and Kathleen Ann Altman, each a qualified person residing outside of Canada, have appointed Roscoe Postle Associates Inc. at 501-55 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5J 2H7 as agent for service of process. Donald J. Birak and Klaus Triebel, each a qualified person residing outside of Canada, have appointed GODA Incorporators Inc. at Bay Adelaide Centre, 333 Bay Street, Suite 3400, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 2S7 as agent for service of process. Investors are advised that it may not be possible for investors to enforce judgments obtained in Canada against any person or company that is incorporated, continued or otherwise organized under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction or resides outside of Canada, even if the party has appointed an agent for service of process.
This offering is made by a Canadian issuer that is permitted, under the multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the United States ("U.S.") and Canada, to prepare this Prospectus in accordance with Canadian disclosure requirements. Purchasers of the Securities should be aware that such requirements are different from those of the U.S. Financial statements incorporated herein by reference have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IFRS"), that were applicable as at the date of the financial statements, and thus may not be comparable to financial statements of U.S. companies. Financial statements which will be deemed incorporated by reference herein in the future, or which may form part of a Prospectus Supplement in the future, will be prepared in accordance with IFRS.
Purchasers of the Securities should be aware that the acquisition of the Securities may have tax consequences both in the U.S. and in Canada. Such consequences for purchasers who are resident in, or citizens of, the U.S. or who are resident in Canada may not be described fully herein or in any applicable Prospectus Supplement. Purchasers of the Securities should read the tax discussion contained in the applicable Prospectus Supplement with respect to a particular offering of Securities.
The enforcement by investors of civil liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws may be affected adversely by the fact that the Corporation is incorporated under the laws of Canada, that most of its officers and directors are residents of Canada, that some or all of the underwriters or experts named in the registration statement are residents of a foreign country, and that a substantial portion of the assets of the Corporation and said persons are located outside the U.S.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") nor any state or Canadian securities regulator has approved or disapproved the Securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence.
No underwriter has been involved in the preparation of this Prospectus nor has any underwriter performed any review of the contents of this Prospectus.
Investing in the Securities involves certain risks. Prospective purchasers of the Securities should carefully consider all the information in this Prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| | Page |
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION | | 1 |
TECHNICAL AND THIRD PARTY INFORMATION | | 2 |
AVAILABLE INFORMATION | | 3 |
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING MINERAL AND OIL AND GAS RESERVE AND RESOURCE ESTIMATES | | 4 |
FINANCIAL INFORMATION | | 5 |
EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION | | 5 |
COMMODITY PRICE INFORMATION | | 6 |
THE CORPORATION | | 6 |
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE | | 7 |
CONSOLIDATED CAPITALIZATION | | 8 |
DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING INDEBTEDNESS | | 8 |
USE OF PROCEEDS | | 9 |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | | 9 |
DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL | | 10 |
TRADING PRICE AND VOLUME | | 11 |
PRIOR SALES | | 12 |
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES | | 13 |
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS | | 20 |
DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS | | 21 |
INTERESTS OF EXPERTS | | 22 |
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS | | 22 |
CERTAIN CANADIAN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS | | 30 |
RISK FACTORS | | 32 |
LEGAL MATTERS | | 32 |
AUDITORS, TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR | | 32 |
ENFORCEMENT OF CERTAIN CIVIL LIABILITIES | | 33 |
DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT | | 33 |
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION
This Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain "forward looking information" and "forward looking statements" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, respectively, which may include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to future events or future performance, management's expectations regarding Franco-Nevada's growth, results of operations, estimated future revenues, requirements for additional capital, mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates, production estimates, production costs and revenue, future demand for and prices of commodities, expected mining sequences, business prospects and opportunities. In addition, statements (including data in tables) relating to reserves and resources and gold equivalent ounces are forward looking statements, as they involve implied assessment, based on certain estimates and assumptions, and no assurance can be given that the estimates will be realized. Such forward looking statements reflect management's current beliefs and are based on information currently available to management. Often, but not always, forward looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "plans", "expects", "is expected", "budgets", "scheduled", "estimates", "forecasts", "predicts", "projects", "intends", "targets", "aims", "anticipates" or "believes" or variations (including negative variations) of such words and phrases or may be identified by statements to the effect that certain actions "may", "could", "should", "would", "might" or "will" be taken, occur or be achieved. Forward looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Franco-Nevada to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward looking statements. A number of factors could cause actual events or results to differ materially from any forward looking statement, including, without limitation: fluctuations in the prices of the primary commodities that drive royalty and stream revenue (gold, platinum group metals, copper, nickel, uranium, silver, iron-ore and oil and gas); fluctuations in the value of the Canadian and Australian dollar, Mexican peso and any other currency in which revenue is generated, relative to the U.S. dollar; changes in national and local government legislation, including permitting and licensing regimes and taxation policies; regulations and political or economic developments in any of the countries where properties in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest are located or through which they are held; risks related to the operators of the properties in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest, including changes in the ownership and control of such operators; influence of macroeconomic developments; business opportunities that become available to, or are pursued by Franco-Nevada; reduced access to debt and equity capital; litigation; title, permit or license disputes related to interests on any of the properties in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest; whether or not the Corporation is determined to have PFIC (as defined below) status; excessive cost escalation as well as development, permitting, infrastructure, operating or technical difficulties on any of the properties in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest; rate and timing of production differences from resource estimates; risks and hazards associated with the business of development and mining on any of the properties in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest, including, but not limited to unusual or unexpected geological and metallurgical conditions, slope failures or cave-ins, flooding and other natural disasters or civil unrest; and the integration of acquired assets. The forward looking statements contained in this Prospectus are based upon assumptions management believes to be reasonable, including, without limitation: the ongoing operation of the properties in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest by the owners or operators of such properties in a manner consistent with past practice; the accuracy of public statements and disclosures made by the owners or operators of such underlying properties; no material adverse change in the market price of the commodities that underlie the asset portfolio; the Corporation's ongoing income and assets relating to determination of its PFIC status; no adverse development in respect of any significant property in which Franco-Nevada holds a royalty, stream or other interest; the accuracy of publicly disclosed expectations for the development of underlying properties that are not yet in production; integration of acquired assets; and the absence of any other factors that could cause actions, events or results to differ from those
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anticipated, estimated or intended. However, there can be no assurance that forward looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements and investors are cautioned that forward looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. Franco-Nevada cannot assure investors that actual results will be consistent with these forward looking statements. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on forward looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty therein. For additional information with respect to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, please refer to the "Risk Factors" section of this Prospectus, as well as any risk factors disclosed in the documents incorporated by reference. The forward looking statements herein are made as of the date of this Prospectus only and Franco-Nevada does not assume any obligation to update or revise them to reflect new information, estimates or opinions, future events or results or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.
TECHNICAL AND THIRD PARTY INFORMATION
Except where otherwise stated, the disclosure in this Prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference, relating to properties and operations on the properties in which the Corporation holds royalty or stream interests, including, without limitation, the disclosure included under the sections entitled "Franco-Nevada's Assets", "Technical Reports" and "Reserves Data and Other Oil & Gas Information" in the Corporation's annual information form dated as of March 19, 2013, is based on information publicly disclosed by the owners or operators of these properties and information/data available in the public domain, and none of this information has been independently verified by the Corporation. Specifically, as a royalty or stream holder, the Corporation has limited, if any, access to properties included in its asset portfolio. Additionally, the Corporation may from time to time receive operating information from the owners and operators of the properties, which it is not permitted to disclose to the public. The Corporation is dependent on the operators of the properties and their qualified persons to provide information to the Corporation (such as the Goldstrike Report (as defined below) and Palmarejo Report (as defined below)) or on publicly available information to prepare required disclosure pertaining to properties and operations on the properties on which the Corporation holds royalty or stream interests and generally has limited or no ability to independently verify such information. Although the Corporation does not have any knowledge that such information may not be accurate, there can be no assurance that such third party information is complete or accurate. Some information publicly reported by operators may relate to a larger property than the area covered by the Corporation's royalty or stream interest. The Corporation's royalty or stream interests often cover less than 100% and sometimes only a portion of the publicly reported mineral reserves, mineral resources and production on a property.
Except as otherwise noted, the disclosure in this Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein relating to mineral reserve and mineral resource statements for individual properties is made as at December 31, 2012. In addition, numerical information presented in the documents incorporated by reference herein which has been derived from information publicly disclosed by owners or operators may have been rounded by the Corporation and, therefore, there may be some inconsistencies within the documents incorporated by reference herein with respect to significant digits presented.
The disclosure in the documents incorporated by reference herein of a scientific or technical nature for the Goldstrike complex is based on a technical report dated March 16, 2012 prepared by Roscoe Postle Associates Inc. ("RPA") for Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick") and the Corporation in accordance with National Instrument 43-101—Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101") (as was in force at such time), except for information dated subsequent to the Goldstrike Report (as defined below) which is based on Barrick's public disclosure. The technical report for the Goldstrike complex (the "Goldstrike Report") is entitled "Technical Report on the Goldstrike Mine, Eureka & Elko Counties, State of Nevada, USA" and was prepared by RPA under the supervision of and endorsed by Chester M. Moore, P. Eng., R. Dennis Bergen, P. Eng., Wayne W. Valliant, P.Geo., Stuart E. Collins, P.E. and Kathleen Ann Altman, Ph.D., P.E. who are each a "qualified person" for the purposes of NI 43-101. The Goldstrike Report has
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been filed on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval ("SEDAR") and with the SEC under Franco-Nevada's profile at www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov, respectively.
The disclosure in the documents incorporated by reference herein of a scientific or technical nature for the Palmarejo project is based on a technical report dated January 1, 2013 prepared for Coeur d'Alene Mines Corporation (now known as Coeur Mining, Inc.) ("Coeur") and the Corporation in accordance with NI 43-101 (as was in force at such time). The technical report for the Palmarejo project (the "Palmarejo Report") is entitled "Palmarejo Project SW Chihuahua State, Mexico YE 2012—Technical Report" and was prepared by or under the supervision of Donald J. Birak, Senior Vice President—Exploration, Coeur at the time of the Palmarejo Report, Keith Blair, Manager, Applied Geoscience LLC at the time of the Palmarejo Report, and Klaus Triebel, Senior Corporate Resource Geologist, Coeur at the time of the Palmarejo Report, each of whom is a "qualified person" for the purposes of NI 43-101. The Palmarejo Report has been filed on SEDAR and with the SEC under Franco-Nevada's profile at www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov, respectively.
The disclosure in the documents incorporated by reference herein for the reserves assessment and evaluation of the oil and gas reserves including the Weyburn Unit, Midale Unit and Edson property was prepared by GLJ Petroleum Consultants Ltd. ("GLJ") for the Corporation and was dated February 12, 2013, with an effective date of December 31, 2012, in accordance with National Instrument 51-101—Standards of Disclosure for Oil and Gas Activities ("NI 51-101").
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Corporation files reports and other information with the securities commissions and similar regulatory authorities in each of the provinces and territories of Canada. These reports and information are available to the public free of charge on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
The Corporation has filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-10 relating to the Securities. This Prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement, certain items of which are contained in the exhibits to the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. Statements included in this Prospectus or incorporated herein by reference about the contents of any contract, agreement or other documents referred to are not necessarily complete, and in each instance investors should refer to the exhibits for a more complete description of the matter involved. Each such statement is qualified in its entirety by such reference.
The Corporation is subject to the information requirements of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "U.S. Exchange Act"), and applicable Canadian securities legislation and, in accordance therewith, files reports and other information with the SEC and with the securities regulatory authorities in Canada. Under the multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the U.S. and Canada, documents and other information that the Corporation files with the SEC may be prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements of Canada, which are different from those of the U.S. As a foreign private issuer, the Corporation is exempt from the rules under the U.S. Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and its officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the U.S. Exchange Act. In addition, the Corporation is not required to publish financial statements as promptly as U.S. companies subject to the applicable provisions of the U.S. Exchange Act.
Investors may read any document that the Corporation has filed with, or furnished to, the SEC at the SEC's public reference room in Washington, D.C. Investors may also obtain copies of those documents from the public reference room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 by paying a fee. Investors should call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 or access its website at www.sec.gov for further information about the public reference rooms. Investors may read and download some of the documents
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the Corporation has filed with the SEC's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system at www.sec.gov.
Investors should rely only on information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and any applicable Prospectus Supplement. The Corporation has not authorized anyone to provide the investor with different information. The Corporation is not making an offer of the Securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. Investors should not assume that the information contained in this Prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of this Prospectus, unless otherwise noted herein or as required by law. It should be assumed that the information appearing in this Prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference are accurate only as of their respective dates. The business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects of the Corporation may have changed since those dates.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING MINERAL AND OIL AND GAS RESERVE AND RESOURCE ESTIMATES
This Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Canadian securities laws in effect in Canada, which differ from the requirements of U.S. securities laws. Unless otherwise indicated, all mineral resource and reserve estimates included in this Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement have been prepared in accordance with NI 43-101 and the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Classification System. NI 43-101 is a rule developed by the Canadian securities regulatory authorities which establishes standards for all public disclosure an issuer makes of scientific and technical information concerning mineral projects. NI 43-101 permits a historical estimate made prior to the adoption of NI 43-101 that does not comply with NI 43-101 to be disclosed using the historical terminology if the disclosure: (a) identifies the source and date of the historical estimate; (b) comments on the relevance and reliability of the historical estimate; (c) states whether the historical estimate uses categories other than those prescribed by NI 43-101; and (d) includes any more recent estimates or data available.
Canadian standards, including NI 43-101, differ significantly from the requirements of the SEC, and resource information contained herein may not be comparable to similar information disclosed by U.S. companies. In particular, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term "resource" does not equate to the term "reserves". Under U.S. standards, mineralization may not be classified as a "reserve" unless the determination has been made that the mineralization could be economically and legally produced or extracted at the time the reserve determination is made. The SEC's disclosure standards normally do not permit the inclusion of information concerning "measured mineral resources", "indicated mineral resources" or "inferred mineral resources" or other descriptions of the amount of mineralization in mineral deposits that do not constitute "reserves" by U.S. standards in documents filed with the SEC. U.S. investors should also understand that "inferred mineral resources" have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an "inferred mineral resource" will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimated "inferred mineral resources" may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies except in rare cases. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an "inferred mineral resource" exists or is economically or legally mineable. Disclosure of "contained ounces" in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC normally only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute "reserves" by SEC standards as in-place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures. The requirements of NI 43-101 for identification of "reserves" are also not the same as those of the SEC, and reserves reported by the Corporation in compliance with NI 43-101 may not qualify as "reserves" under SEC standards. Accordingly, information concerning mineral deposits set forth herein may not be comparable with information made public by companies that report in accordance with U.S. standards.
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In addition to NI 43-101, a number of resource and reserve estimates have been prepared in accordance with the JORC Code or the SAMREC Code (as such terms are defined in NI 43-101), which differ from the requirements of NI 43-101 and U.S. securities laws. Accordingly, information containing descriptions of the Corporation's mineral properties set forth herein and in the documents incorporated by reference herein may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. For more information, see "Reconciliation to CIM Definitions" in the Corporation's annual information form dated as of March 19, 2013 for the financial year ended December 31, 2012, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Similarly, the requirements of NI 51-101 for disclosure of oil and gas activities differ significantly from those of the SEC, and disclosure concerning the oil and gas properties in which the Corporation has interests may not be comparable with information made public by companies that report in accordance with U.S. standards. The primary differences between the Canadian requirements and the U.S. standards for oil and gas related disclosure are that:
- •
- NI 51-101 requires disclosure of gross and net reserves using forecast prices, whereas the SEC rules require the disclosure of net reserves estimated using a historical 12-month average price;
- •
- NI 51-101 requires the disclosure of the net present value of future net revenue attributable to all of the disclosed reserves categories, estimated using forecast prices and costs, before and after deducting future income tax expenses, calculated without discount and using discount rates of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, whereas the SEC rules require disclosure of the present value of future net cash flows attributable to proved reserves only, estimated using a constant price (the historical 12-month average price) and a 10% discount rate;
- •
- NI 51-101 requires a one-year reconciliation of gross proved reserves, gross probable reserves and gross proved plus probable reserves, based on forecast prices and costs, for various product types, whereas the SEC rules require a three-year reconciliation of net proved reserves, based on constant prices and costs, for less specific product types; and
- •
- NI 51-101 requires reserves to show a hurdle rate of return, whereas the SEC rules require reserves to be cash flow positive on an undiscounted basis.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The financial statements of the Corporation incorporated herein by reference and in any Prospectus Supplement are reported in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. IFRS differs in some significant respects from generally acceptable accounting principles in the U.S., and thus the consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to financial statements of U.S. companies.
EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
The following table sets out the high and low rates of exchange for one U.S. dollar expressed in Canadian dollars in effect at the end of each of the following periods; the average rate of exchange for those periods; and the rate of exchange in effect at the end of each of those periods, each based on the noon rate published by the Bank of Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six months ended June 30, 2013 | | Years ended December 31, | |
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| |
| | 2012 | | 2011 | | 2010 | |
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High | | | C$1.0532 | | | C$1.0418 | | | C$1.0604 | | | C$1.0778 | |
Low | | | C$0.9839 | | | C$0.9710 | | | C$0.9449 | | | C$0.9946 | |
Average for the Period | | | C$1.0159 | | | C$0.9996 | | | C$0.9891 | | | C$1.0299 | |
End of Period | | | C$1.0512 | | | C$0.9949 | | | C$0.9833 | | | C$0.9946 | |
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On October 28, 2013, the noon rate for Canadian dollars in terms of the U.S. dollar, as published by the Bank of Canada, was US$1.00=C$1.0445 or C$1.00=US$0.9574.
COMMODITY PRICE INFORMATION
The following table sets out the average spot commodity prices of gold, platinum, palladium, oil and gas for the years 2010, 2011 and 2012 and for the first nine months of 2013.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Gold/oz | | Platinum/oz | | Palladium/oz | | Oil/C$ bbl | | Gas/C$ mcf | |
---|
| | | (London PM Fix) | | | (London PM Fix) | | | (London PM Fix) | | | (Edmonton Light) | | | (AECO-C) | |
Average for 2010 | | | US$1,225 | | | US$1,610 | | | US$526 | | | US$78 | | | US$3.81 | |
Average for 2011 | | | US$1,569 | | | US$1,720 | | | US$733 | | | US$95 | | | US$3.44 | |
Average for 2012 | | | US$1,669 | | | US$1,552 | | | US$645 | | | US$86 | | | US$2.28 | |
Average for 2013 (to Sept. 30) | | | US$1,457 | | | US$1,517 | | | US$725 | | | US$95 | | | US$2.90 | |
THE CORPORATION
Franco-Nevada is a gold-focused royalty and stream company with additional interests in platinum group metals ("PGMs"), oil and gas and other resource assets. Franco-Nevada is the leading gold royalty and stream company by both gold revenues and number of gold assets.
The majority of revenues are generated from a diversified portfolio of properties in the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Australia and South Africa. The portfolio includes over 340 assets covering properties at various stages from production to early stage exploration. Royalties and streams are mostly revenue or production based. The portfolio also includes profit-based royalties and other forms of periodic future payments. Streams differ from royalties and are generally contracts for the forward purchase of a portion of future precious metal from a mining property.
Franco-Nevada's and its subsidiaries' assets are mostly mineral and oil and gas royalties or streams but also include some working and equity interests, undeveloped properties, options to acquire royalties and streams and other assets. The mineral royalties and streams are further characterized by commodity as being in the gold, PGMs or base metals categories and these in turn are further subdivided by their project status as being either producing, advanced or exploration assets. A majority of the mineral royalties and streams are characterized as being gold and the majority of revenues are from gold assets including the Goldstrike complex in Nevada, U.S. operated by Barrick and the Palmarejo gold and silver mine in Chihuahua, Mexico operated by Coeur. The oil and gas assets are located primarily in the Western Canadian sedimentary basin with a larger amount of revenue generated from conventional oil than from natural gas properties in 2012.
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Information has been incorporated by reference in this Prospectus from documents filed with securities commissions or similar authorities in each of the provinces and territories of Canada and filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Copies of the documents incorporated herein by reference may be obtained on request without charge from the Chief Legal Officer & Corporate Secretary of the Corporation at Suite 2000, 199 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5L 1G9, telephone (416) 306-6300. These documents are also available on SEDAR, which can be accessed online at www.sedar.com.
The following documents, filed by the Corporation with the various securities commissions or similar authorities in the provinces and territories of Canada and the SEC, are specifically incorporated by reference into and form an integral part of this Prospectus:
- (a)
- the annual information form of the Corporation dated as of March 19, 2013 for the financial year ended December 31, 2012;
- (b)
- the audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation, the notes thereto and the independent auditor's report thereon for the financial year ended December 31, 2012, together with the management's discussion and analysis for such financial statements;
- (c)
- the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Corporation and the notes thereto for the period ended June 30, 2013, together with the management's discussion and analysis for such financial statements; and
- (d)
- the management information circular of the Corporation dated March 22, 2013 for the annual and special meeting of shareholders held on May 8, 2013.
Any document of the type referred to in section 11.1 of Form 44-101F1 of National Instrument 44-101—Short Form Prospectus Distributions filed by the Corporation with the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities in Canada and the U.S. after the date of this Prospectus and all Prospectus Supplements, disclosing additional or updated information filed pursuant to the requirements of applicable securities legislation in Canada and the U.S. and during the period that this Prospectus is effective, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Prospectus. In addition, to the extent that any document or information incorporated by reference into this Prospectus is included in any report on Form 6-K, Form 40-F, Form 20-F, Form 10-K, Form 10-Q or Form 8-K (or any respective successor form) that is filed with or furnished to the SEC after the date of this Prospectus, such document or information shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part. In addition, the Corporation may incorporate by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which the Prospectus forms a part or into the Prospectus which forms a part of the registration statement, information from documents that the Corporation files with or furnishes to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the U.S. Exchange Act. The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference contain meaningful and material information relating to the Corporation and the investors should review all information contained in this Prospectus and the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference.
Upon a new annual information form and related annual consolidated financial statements being filed by the Corporation with the applicable securities regulatory authorities during the duration that this Prospectus is effective, the previous annual information form, the previous annual consolidated financial statements and all interim consolidated financial statements, and in each case the accompanying management's discussion and analysis, information circulars (to the extent the disclosure is inconsistent) and material change reports filed prior to the commencement of the financial year of the Corporation in which the new annual information form is filed shall be deemed no longer to be incorporated into this Prospectus for purposes of future offers and sales of Securities under this Prospectus. Upon interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying management's discussion and analysis being filed by the Corporation with the applicable securities regulatory authorities during the duration that this
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Prospectus is effective, all interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying management's discussion and analysis filed prior to the new interim consolidated financial statements shall be deemed no longer to be incorporated into this Prospectus for purposes of future offers and sales of Securities under this Prospectus.
A Prospectus Supplement containing the specific terms of an offering of Securities and other information relating to the Securities will be delivered to prospective purchasers of such Securities together with this Prospectus and will be deemed to be incorporated into this Prospectus as of the date of such Prospectus Supplement only for the purpose of the offering of the Securities covered by that Prospectus Supplement.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for the purposes of this Prospectus, to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not constitute a part of this Prospectus, except as so modified or superseded. The modifying or superseding statement need not state that it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any other information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes. The making of such a modifying or superseding statement shall not be deemed an admission for any purpose that the modified or superseded statement, when made, constituted a misrepresentation, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact that is required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made.
CONSOLIDATED CAPITALIZATION
There have been no material changes in the share and loan capital of the Corporation, on a consolidated basis, since the date of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Corporation as at and for the six month period ended June 30, 2013, which are incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING INDEBTEDNESS
The Corporation (together with its subsidiary Franco-Nevada U.S. Corporation, as "Borrowers") entered into a syndicated bank credit facility (the "Credit Facility") on January 23, 2013 pursuant to which certain financial institutions (the "Lenders") have provided for a US$500 million unsecured revolving term credit facility that replaced a previous US$175 million unsecured revolving credit facility. Franco-Nevada U.S. Corporation is limited to US$150 million for its borrowings under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility matures and all indebtedness thereunder is due and payable on January 23, 2017.
The Lenders are each paid a stand-by fee at a rate that ranges between 0.25% and 0.55% on the unutilized portion of the Credit Facility, which is paid quarterly. The Borrowers will pay interest on any amounts borrowed at the prime rate or base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.25% to 1.75%. Bankers' acceptance fees, LIBOR and letter of guarantee fees and margins range from 1.25% to 2.75%. The applicable margin is based on the Borrowers' leverage ratio.
Payment and performance of the obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of the Corporation's subsidiaries (the "Guarantors" and together with the Borrowers, each an "Obligor").
The Credit Facility contains covenants that include certain limits on, among other things, the ability of an Obligor to create indebtedness, create liens, enter into related party transactions, dispose of assets, amend or alter their corporate status or amalgamate, make acquisitions, amend or terminate material contracts, make distributions or investments, issue equity or materially change their business. The Corporation is also required to maintain a minimum tangible net worth and a maximum leverage ratio.
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Events of default under the Credit Facility include, among other things:
- •
- the failure to pay principal when due and payable or interest, fees or other amounts payable within three business days of such amounts becoming due and payable;
- •
- the breach by the Corporation of any financial covenant;
- •
- the breach by any Obligor of any other term, covenant or other agreement that is not cured within 20 banking days after written notice of the breach has been given to the Corporation;
- •
- a default under any other indebtedness of the Obligors if the effect of such default is to accelerate, or to permit the acceleration of, the due date of such indebtedness in an aggregate amount of US$75 million or more;
- •
- a change in control of the Corporation which is defined to occur upon (a) the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, by any person or group of persons, of equity interests representing more than 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding equity interests of the Corporation, (b) the occupation of a majority of the seats (other than vacant seats) on the board of directors of the Corporation by persons who were neither nominated by a board of directors of the Corporation, nor appointed by directors so nominated, or (c) the acquisition of direct or indirect control of the Corporation by any person or group; and
- •
- various events relating to the bankruptcy or insolvency or winding-up, liquidation or dissolution or cessation of business of any Obligor.
As at October 29, 2013, no amount was drawn down under the Credit Facility.
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the net proceeds from the sale of Securities for cash will be used for general corporate purposes, including funding resource royalty and stream acquisitions and other corporate development opportunities. Each Prospectus Supplement will contain specific information, if any, concerning the use of proceeds from that sale of Securities.
All expenses relating to an offering of Securities and any compensation paid to underwriters, dealers or agents, as the case may be, will be paid out of the Corporation's general funds, unless otherwise stated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Corporation may sell the Securities, separately or together, to or through underwriters or dealers purchasing as principals for public offering and sale by them, and also may sell Securities to one or more other purchasers directly or through agents. Each Prospectus Supplement will set forth the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any underwriters or agents, the purchase price or prices of the Securities and the proceeds to the Corporation from the sale of the Securities. Securities may be offered and issued in consideration for the acquisition (an "Acquisition") of other businesses, assets or securities by the Corporation or a subsidiary of the Corporation. The consideration for any such Acquisition may consist of any of the Securities separately, a combination of Securities or any combination of, among other things, Securities, cash and assumption of liabilities.
The Securities may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices which may be changed or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The prices at which the Securities may be offered may vary as between purchasers and during the period of distribution. If, in connection with the offering of Securities at a fixed price or prices, the underwriters have made a reasonable effort to sell all of the Securities at the
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initial offering price fixed in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, the public offering price may be decreased and thereafter further changed, from time to time, to an amount not greater than the initial public offering price fixed in such Prospectus Supplement, in which case the compensation realized by the underwriters will be decreased by the amount that the aggregate price paid by purchasers for the Securities is less than the gross proceeds paid by the underwriters to the Corporation.
Underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of the Securities may be entitled under agreements to be entered into with the Corporation to indemnification by the Corporation against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Canadian securities legislation, or to contribution with respect to payments which such underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make in respect thereof. Such underwriters, dealers and agents may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for, the Corporation in the ordinary course of business.
In connection with any offering of Securities, except as otherwise set out in a Prospectus Supplement relating to a particular offering of Securities, the underwriters may over-allot or effect transactions intended to maintain or stabilize the market price of the Securities offered at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. Such transactions, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time. An investor who acquires Securities forming part of the underwriters' over-allocation position will acquire those Securities under this Prospectus, regardless of whether the over-allocation position is ultimately filled through the exercise of the over-allotment option or through secondary market purchases.
In connection with an Acquisition, Securities may be offered and issued at a deemed price or deemed prices determined either when the terms of the Acquisition are tentatively or finally agreed to, when the Acquisition is completed, when the Corporation issues the Securities or during some other negotiated period.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL
The authorized share capital of Franco-Nevada consists of an unlimited number of Common Shares and an unlimited number of Preferred Shares, of which 146,987,727 Common Shares and no Preferred Shares were outstanding as of October 28, 2013.
Common Shares
Each Common Share carries the right to one vote at all meetings of shareholders of Franco-Nevada. There are no special rights or restrictions of any nature attached to the Common Shares. All Common Shares rank equally as to dividends, voting powers and participation in assets upon liquidation of Franco-Nevada.
The Common Shares are listed and posted for trading on the TSX and the NYSE under the symbol "FNV".
Preferred Shares
The Preferred Shares may be issued in one or more series, each series to consist of such number of shares as may, before the issue thereof, be fixed by resolution of the board of directors. The directors shall determine before the issue thereof the designations, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Preferred Shares of each series including the rate or amount of dividends or the method of calculating dividends, the dates of payment thereof, the redemption and/or purchase prices and terms and conditions of redemption and/or purchase, any voting rights, any conversion rights and any sinking fund or other provisions.
The Preferred Shares of each series will, with respect to payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up, rank on a parity with the Preferred Shares of
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every other series and be entitled to preference over the Common Shares and over any other shares ranking junior to the Preferred Shares. The Preferred Shares of any series may also be given such other preferences over the Common Shares and over any other shares ranking junior to the Preferred Shares as may be fixed by the directors.
Warrants
Franco-Nevada and its wholly-owned subsidiary Franco-Nevada GLW Holdings Corp. ("FN GLW") have outstanding certain warrants to purchase Common Shares, of which the following class is listed and posted for trading on the TSX.
The Corporation had outstanding as of October 28, 2013 6,510,769 warrants, each warrant entitling the holder to purchase one Common Share upon payment of C$75.00 until June 16, 2017 (the "2017 Warrants"). In addition, the Corporation has issued one special warrant which is exchangeable into 2,000,000 2017 Warrants upon the holder achieving certain permitting, development and financing criteria. The 2017 Warrants are listed and posted for trading on the TSX under the symbol "FNV.WT.A".
TRADING PRICE AND VOLUME
The following table sets forth the high and low prices and volumes for the Common Shares traded on the TSX and NYSE for the preceding 12 month period.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | TSX | | NYSE | |
---|
| | High
| | Low
| |
| | High
| | Low
| |
| |
---|
| | C$
| | C$
| | Volume
| | US$
| | US$
| | Volume
| |
---|
2012 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
October | | | 60.62 | | | 55.69 | | | 8,913,821 | | | 61.60 | | | 56.02 | | | 5,998,883 | |
November | | | 60.58 | | | 55.57 | | | 8,328,436 | | | 60.64 | | | 55.71 | | | 5,127,477 | |
December | | | 57.80 | | | 54.15 | | | 7,345,185 | | | 58.75 | | | 54.54 | | | 4,280,381 | |
2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
January | | | 58.09 | | | 51.51 | | | 7,848,176 | | | 59.03 | | | 51.08 | | | 4,605,931 | |
February | | | 55.08 | | | 48.16 | | | 9,580,897 | | | 55.20 | | | 47.01 | | | 5,373,809 | |
March | | | 49.88 | | | 44.36 | | | 15,085,754 | | | 48.27 | | | 43.20 | | | 8,294,798 | |
April | | | 46.46 | | | 35.48 | | | 16,317,588 | | | 45.69 | | | 34.53 | | | 13,914,796 | |
May | | | 45.07 | | | 39.56 | | | 9,634,792 | | | 44.98 | | | 38.11 | | | 9,962,558 | |
June | | | 44.89 | | | 33.05 | | | 11,329,120 | | | 43.67 | | | 31.54 | | | 10,108,529 | |
July | | | 46.55 | | | 35.45 | | | 9,841,144 | | | 45.30 | | | 33.53 | | | 10,160,330 | |
August | | | 50.93 | | | 39.69 | | | 13,017,380 | | | 48.46 | | | 38.09 | | | 12,128,135 | |
September | | | 48.94 | | | 41.99 | | | 13,247,195 | | | 47.70 | | | 40.60 | | | 23,203,161 | |
October(1) | | | 48.82 | | | 41.49 | | | 9,431,728 | | | 46.07 | | | 40.02 | | | 11,076,300 | |
Note:
- (1)
- For the period October 1, 2013 to October 28, 2013.
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The following table sets forth the high and low prices and volumes for 2017 Warrants traded on the TSX for the preceding 12 month period.
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2017 Warrants | |
---|
| | High
| | Low
| |
| |
---|
| | C$
| | C$
| | Volume
| |
---|
2012 | | | | | | | | | | |
October | | | 9.72 | | | 8.44 | | | 387,763 | |
November | | | 10.00 | | | 8.64 | | | 178,523 | |
December | | | 9.00 | | | 8.00 | | | 72,566 | |
2013 | | | | | | | | | | |
January | | | 9.25 | | | 7.00 | | | 113,727 | |
February | | | 7.84 | | | 6.30 | | | 238,796 | |
March | | | 7.10 | | | 6.05 | | | 124,352 | |
April | | | 7.10 | | | 3.74 | | | 299,471 | |
May | | | 5.25 | | | 4.11 | | | 66,807 | |
June | | | 5.00 | | | 3.10 | | | 132,535 | |
July | | | 5.20 | | | 3.00 | | | 76,560 | |
August | | | 8.20 | | | 4.02 | | | 148,037 | |
September | | | 7.65 | | | 5.50 | | | 98,866 | |
October(1) | | | 6.50 | | | 5.25 | | | 44,381 | |
Note:
- (1)
- For the period October 1, 2013 to October 28, 2013.
PRIOR SALES
During the 12 month period prior to the date of this Prospectus, the Corporation has issued Common Shares, or securities convertible or exchangeable into Common Shares, as follows.
| | | | | | | | |
Month of Issuance | | Number of Securities Issued | | Issue/Exercise Price (C$) | | Reason for Issuance |
---|
2012 | | | | | | | | |
October | | | 1,165 | | | $37.92 | | Exercise of Gold Wheaton options |
November | | | 7,780 | | | $37.92 | | Exercise of Gold Wheaton options |
| | | 40,643 | | | — | | Vesting of restricted share units |
| | | 95,000 | | | $57.57 | | Grant of options |
December | | | 6,994 | | | — | | Vesting of restricted share units |
| | | 125,000 | | | $15.20 | | Exercise of options |
| | | 1,326 | | | — | | Vesting of restricted share units |
| | | 100,000 | | | $55.38 | | Grant of options |
| | | 78,396 | | | $55.58 | | Grant of options |
| | | 35,710 | | | $55.58 | | Issuance of restricted share units |
2013
| | | | | | | | |
March | | | 20,000 | | | $15.20 | | Exercise of options |
May | | | 8,922 | | | — | | Vesting of restricted share units |
| | | 1,500 | | | $15.20 | | Exercise of options |
June | | | 103,086 | | | $37.92 | | Exercise of Gold Wheaton options |
July | | | 25,000 | | | $31.39 | | Exercise of options |
August | | | 25,000 | | | $31.39 | | Exercise of options |
| | | 8,596 | | | $32.13 | | Exercise of Gold Wheaton warrants |
| | | 100,000 | | | $46.17 | | Grant of options |
September | | | 65,313 | | | $32.13 | | Exercise of Gold Wheaton warrants |
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
This description sets forth certain general terms and provisions that would apply to any Debt Securities that Franco-Nevada may issue pursuant to this Prospectus. Franco-Nevada will provide particular terms and provisions of a series of Debt Securities, and a description of how the general terms and provisions described below may apply to that series, in a Prospectus Supplement.
The Debt Securities will be issued under an indenture (the "Indenture") to be entered into between Franco-Nevada as issuer, and one or more trustees (the "Trustee") that will be named in a Prospectus Supplement to this Prospectus. The indenture will be subject to and governed by the U.S. Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. A copy of the form of the Indenture has been filed as an exhibit to Franco-Nevada's registration statement filed with the SEC. The following summary highlights some of the provisions of the Indenture, and may not contain all of the information that is important to a purchaser of Debt Securities. Wherever this section refers to particular provisions or defined terms of the Indenture, such provisions or defined terms are incorporated in this Prospectus by reference as part of the statement made, and the statement is qualified by such reference.
Franco-Nevada may issue Debt Securities and incur additional indebtedness otherwise than through the offering of any Debt Securities pursuant to this Prospectus.
General
The Indenture does not limit the amount of Debt Securities which Franco-Nevada may issue under the Indenture, and Franco-Nevada may issue Debt Securities in one or more series. Debt Securities may be denominated and payable in any currency. Franco-Nevada may offer no more than C$1,000,000,000 (or the equivalent in other currencies) in aggregate principal amount of Debt Securities pursuant to this Prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, the Indenture permits Franco-Nevada, without the consent of the holders of any Debt Securities, to increase the principal amount of any series of Debt Securities that Franco-Nevada has previously issued under the Indenture and to issue such increased principal amount.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will set forth the terms relating to the Debt Securities offered by such Prospectus Supplement (the "Offered Securities"), including:
- •
- the specific designation of the Offered Securities; the aggregate principal amount of the Offered Securities; the price or prices at which the Offered Securities will be issued; the date or dates, if any, on which the Offered Securities will mature and the portion (if less than all of the principal amount) of the Offered Securities to be payable upon declaration of acceleration of maturity;
- •
- the rate or rates at which the Offered Securities will bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which any such interest will accrue and on which any such interest will be payable and the record dates for any interest payable on the Offered Securities which are in registered form;
- •
- the terms and conditions under which Franco-Nevada may be obligated to redeem, repay or purchase the Offered Securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or otherwise;
- •
- the terms and conditions upon which Franco-Nevada may redeem the Offered Securities, in whole or in part, at its option;
- •
- the covenants and events of default applicable to the Offered Securities;
- •
- the terms and conditions for any conversion or exchange of the Offered Securities for any other securities;
- •
- whether the Offered Securities will be issuable in registered form or bearer form or both, and, if issuable in bearer form, the restrictions as to the offer, sale and delivery of the Offered Securities which are in bearer form and as to exchanges between registered form and bearer form;
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- •
- whether the Offered Securities will be issuable in the form of registered global securities ("Global Securities"), and, if so, the identity of the depositary for such registered Global Securities;
- •
- the denominations in which registered Offered Securities will be issuable, if other than denominations of US$1,000 and any multiple thereof, and the denominations in which bearer Offered Securities will be issuable, if other than US$5,000;
- •
- each office or agency where payments on the Offered Securities will be made (if other than the offices or agencies described under "Payment" below) and each office or agency where the Offered Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange;
- •
- the currency in which the Offered Securities are denominated or the currency in which Franco-Nevada will make payments on the Offered Securities;
- •
- any index, formula or other method used to determine the amount of payments of principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the Offered Securities; and
- •
- any other terms of the Offered Securities which apply solely to the Offered Securities, or terms generally applicable to the Debt Securities which are not to apply to the Offered Securities.
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement:
- •
- holders may not tender Debt Securities to Franco-Nevada for repurchase; and
- •
- the rate or rates of interest on the Debt Securities will not increase if Franco-Nevada becomes involved in a highly leveraged transaction or Franco-Nevada is acquired by another entity.
Franco-Nevada may issue Debt Securities under the Indenture bearing no interest or interest at a rate below the prevailing market rate at the time of issuance and, in such circumstances, Franco-Nevada will offer and sell those Debt Securities at a discount below their stated principal amount. Franco-Nevada will describe in the applicable Prospectus Supplement any Canadian and U.S. federal income tax consequences and other special considerations applicable to any discounted Debt Securities or other Debt Securities offered and sold at par which are treated as having been issued at a discount for Canadian and/or U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, Debt Securities issued by Franco-Nevada will be direct, unconditional and unsecured obligations of Franco-Nevada and will rank equally among themselves and with all of Franco-Nevada's other unsecured, unsubordinated obligations, if any, except to the extent prescribed by law. Debt Securities issued by Franco-Nevada as unsecured, unsubordinated obligations will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities, including trade payables and other indebtedness, of Franco-Nevada's subsidiaries.
Franco-Nevada will agree to provide to the Trustee (i) annual reports containing audited financial statements, and (ii) quarterly reports for the first three quarters of each fiscal year containing unaudited financial information.
Payment
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, Franco-Nevada will make payments on registered Debt Securities (other than Global Securities) at the office or agency of Franco-Nevada maintained for such purpose, except that Franco-Nevada may choose to pay interest (i) by cheque mailed to the address of the person entitled to such payment as specified in the security register, or (ii) by wire transfer to an account located in the U.S. maintained by the person entitled to such payment as specified in the security register. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, Franco-Nevada will pay any interest due on registered Debt Securities to the persons in whose name such registered Debt Securities are registered on the day or days specified by Franco-Nevada.
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Registered Global Securities
Registered Debt Securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in global form that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, a depositary identified in the Prospectus Supplement. Global Securities will be registered in the name of a financial institution Franco-Nevada selects, and the Debt Securities included in the Global Securities may not be transferred to the name of any other direct holder unless the special circumstances described below occur. The financial institution that acts as the sole direct holder of the Global Securities is called the "Depositary". Any person wishing to own Debt Securities issued in the form of Global Securities must do so indirectly by virtue of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that, in turn, has an account with the Depositary.
Franco-Nevada's obligations, as well as the obligations of the Trustee and those of any third parties employed by Franco-Nevada or the Trustee, run only to persons who are registered as holders of Debt Securities. For example, once Franco-Nevada makes payment to the registered holder, Franco-Nevada has no further responsibility for the payment even if that holder is legally required to pass the payment along to an investor but does not do so. As an indirect holder, an investor's rights relating to a Global Security will be governed by the account rules of the investor's financial institution and of the Depositary, as well as general laws relating to debt securities transfers.
An investor should be aware that when Debt Securities are issued in the form of Global Securities:
- •
- the investor cannot have Debt Securities registered in his or her own name;
- •
- the investor cannot receive physical certificates for his or her interest in the Debt Securities;
- •
- the investor must look to his or her own bank or brokerage firm for payments on the Debt Securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the Debt Securities;
- •
- the investor may not be able to sell interests in the Debt Securities to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to hold the physical certificates of Debt Securities that they own;
- •
- the Depositary's policies will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to the investor's interest in the Global Security. Franco-Nevada and the Trustee will have no responsibility for any aspect of the Depositary's actions or for its records of ownership interests in the Global Security. Franco-Nevada and the Trustee also do not supervise the Depositary in any way; and
- •
- the Depositary will usually require that interests in a Global Security be purchased or sold within its system using same-day funds.
In a few special situations described below, a Global Security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing Debt Securities. After that exchange, an investor may choose whether to hold Debt Securities directly or indirectly through an account at its bank or brokerage firm. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in Debt Securities transferred into their own names, so that they will be direct holders.
The special situations for termination of a Global Security are:
- •
- when the Depositary notifies Franco-Nevada that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as Depositary (unless a replacement Depositary is named) and Franco-Nevada has not appointed a successor depository within 90 days; and
- •
- when and if Franco-Nevada decides not to have Debt Securities represented by a Global Security.
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The Prospectus Supplement may list situations for terminating a Global Security that would apply only to the particular series of Debt Securities covered by the Prospectus Supplement. When a Global Security terminates, the Depositary (and not Franco-Nevada or the Trustee) is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.
Events of Default
The term "Event of Default" with respect to Debt Securities of any series means any of the following, unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement:
- (a)
- default in the payment of the principal of (or any premium on) any Debt Security of that series at its maturity;
- (b)
- default in the payment of any interest on any Debt Security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days;
- (c)
- default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment when the same becomes due by the terms of the Debt Securities of that series;
- (d)
- default in the performance, or breach, of any other covenant or agreement of Franco-Nevada in the Indenture in respect of the Debt Securities of that series (other than a covenant or agreement for which default or breach is specifically dealt with elsewhere in the Indenture), where such default or breach continues for a period of 90 days after written notice to Franco-Nevada by the Trustee or to Franco-Nevada and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of all outstanding Debt Securities affected thereby;
- (e)
- certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization; or
- (f)
- any other Events of Default provided with respect to the Debt Securities of that series.
If an Event of Default described in clause (a), (b) or (c) above occurs and is continuing with respect to Debt Securities of any series, then the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of that series may require the principal amount (or, if the Debt Securities of that series are original issue discount Debt Securities or indexed Debt Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of all the outstanding Debt Securities of that series and any accrued but unpaid interest on such Debt Securities to be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default described in clause (d) or (f) above occurs and is continuing with respect to Debt Securities of one or more series, then the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of all series affected thereby (as one class) may require the principal amount (or, if any of the Debt Securities of such affected series are original issue discount securities or indexed Debt Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such affected series) of all the outstanding Debt Securities of such affected series and any accrued but unpaid interest on such Debt Securities shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default described in clause (e) above occurs and is continuing, then the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of all outstanding Debt Securities (as a class) may require the principal amount (or, if the Debt Securities or any series are original issue discount Debt Securities or indexed Debt Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of all the outstanding Debt Securities and any accrued but unpaid interest on such Debt Securities to be due and payable immediately. However, at any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to Debt Securities of any series (or of all series, as the case may be) has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of such series (or of all series, as the case may be), by written notice to Franco-Nevada and the Trustee, may, under certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration. The applicable Prospectus Supplement will contain provisions relating to acceleration of the maturity of a portion of the principal amount of
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original issue discount Debt Securities or indexed securities upon the occurrence of any Event of Default and the continuation thereof.
The Trustee is not obligated to exercise any of its rights and powers under the Indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders, unless the holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity. If the holders provide reasonable security or indemnity, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of all series affected by an Event of Default may, subject to certain limitations, direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Debt Securities of all series affected by such Event of Default.
No holder of a Debt Security of any series will have any right to institute any proceedings, unless:
- •
- such holder has previously given to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Debt Securities of that series;
- •
- the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of all series affected by such Event of Default have made written request and have offered reasonable indemnity to the Trustee to institute such proceedings as trustee; and
- •
- the Trustee has failed to institute such proceeding, and has not received from the holders of a majority in the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Debt Securities of all series affected by such Event of Default a direction inconsistent with such request, within 60 days after such notice, request and offer.
However, these limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by the holder of a Debt Security for the enforcement of payment of principal of, premium if any, or interest on such Security on or after the applicable due date of such payment.
Franco-Nevada will be required to furnish to the Trustee annually an officers' certificate as to the performance of certain of its obligations under the Indenture and as to any default in such performance.
Defeasance
As used herein, the term "defeasance" means discharge from some or all of its obligations under the Indenture with respect to Debt Securities of a particular series. If the terms of a particular series of Debt Security so provide, Franco-Nevada may deposit with the Trustee sufficient cash or government securities or a combination of thereof to pay the principal, interest, any premium and any other sums due to the stated maturity or a redemption date of the Debt Securities of a particular series, and then at its option:
- •
- Franco-Nevada will be discharged from its obligations with respect to the Debt Securities of such series with certain exceptions, and the holders of the Debt Securities of the affected series will not be entitled to the benefits of the Indenture except for registration of transfer and exchange of Debt Securities and replacement of lost, stolen or mutilated Debt Securities and certain other limited rights. Such holders may look only to such deposited funds or obligations for payment; or
- •
- Franco-Nevada will no longer be under any obligation to comply with certain covenants under the Indenture, and certain Events of Default will no longer apply to it. To exercise defeasance Franco-Nevada also must deliver, among other requirements set forth in the Indenture to the Trustee:
- •
- an opinion of U.S. counsel to the effect that the deposit and related defeasance would not cause the holders of the Debt Securities of the applicable series to recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes and that holders of the Debt Securities of that series will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred; and
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- •
- an opinion of Canadian counsel or a ruling from Canada Revenue Agency that there would be no such recognition of income, gain or loss for Canadian federal or provincial tax purposes and that holders of the Debt Securities of such series will be subject to Canadian federal and provincial income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred.
In addition, no Event of Default with respect to the Debt Securities of the applicable series can have occurred and Franco-Nevada cannot be an insolvent person under theBankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada). In order for U.S. counsel to deliver the opinion that would allow Franco-Nevada to be discharged from all of its obligations under the Debt Securities of any series, Franco-Nevada must have received from, or there must have been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or there must have been a change in law so that the deposit and defeasance would not cause holders of the Debt Securities of such series to recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes and so that such holders would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same time as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred. In addition, in order for Canadian counsel to deliver the opinion that would allow Franco-Nevada to be discharged from all of its obligations under the Debt Securities of any series, Franco-Nevada must have received from the Canada Revenue Agency an advance income tax ruling, or there must have been a change in law, to the effect that the deposit and defeasance would not cause holders of the Debt Securities of such series to recognize income, gain or loss for Canadian federal or provincial income tax purposes and to the effect that such holders would be subject to Canadian federal and provincial income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same time as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred.
Corporate Existence
The terms and conditions relating to any permitted merger, amalgamation, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all assets of the Corporation under certain circumstances will be set forth in a supplemental indenture. Notwithstanding the terms of the supplemental indenture, however, the Corporation will be permitted to engage in any merger, amalgamation, consolidation, combination, reclassification, recapitalization, continuation or share exchange solely for the purpose of reincorporating the Corporation in another jurisdiction or forming a direct or indirect holding company of the Corporation.
Modifications and Waivers
Franco-Nevada may modify or amend the Indenture with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of all series affected by such modification or amendment; provided, however, that Franco-Nevada must receive consent from the holder of each outstanding Debt Security of such affected series to:
- •
- change the stated maturity of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on, such outstanding Debt Security;
- •
- reduce the principal amount of, premium, if any, or interest on such outstanding Debt Security;
- •
- reduce the amount of the principal payable upon the acceleration of the maturity of an outstanding original issue discount Debt Security;
- •
- change the place of payment or currency of payments on such outstanding Debt Security;
- •
- impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on such outstanding Debt Security on or after its stated maturity or any redemption date with respect thereto;
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- •
- reduce the percentage in principal amount of outstanding Debt Securities of such series, from which the consent of holders is required to modify or amend the Indenture or waive compliance with certain provisions of the Indenture or waive certain defaults; or
- •
- modify any provisions of the Indenture relating to modifying or amending the Indenture or waiving past defaults or covenants except as otherwise specified.
The holders of a majority in principal amount of Debt Securities of any series may waive Franco-Nevada's compliance with certain restrictive provisions of the Indenture with respect to such series. The holders of a majority in principal amount of outstanding Debt Securities of all series with respect to which an Event of Default has occurred may waive any past default under the Indenture, except a default in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Debt Security or in respect of any item listed above.
The Indenture or the Debt Securities may be amended or supplemented, without the consent of any holder of such Debt Securities, in order to, among other things, cure any ambiguity or inconsistency or to make any change, in any case, that does not have a materially adverse effect on the rights of any holder of such Debt Securities.
Consent to Jurisdiction and Service
Under the Indenture, Franco-Nevada will irrevocably appoint Corporation Service Company, 1180 Avenue of the Americas, Suite 210, New York, New York 10036-8401 as its agent for service of process in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to the Indenture or the Debt Securities and for actions brought under U.S. federal or state securities laws brought in any U.S. federal or state court located in The City of New York, and will submit to such non-exclusive jurisdiction.
Governing Law
The Indenture and the Debt Securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
The Trustee
The Trustee under the Indenture will be named in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
The Corporation may issue Warrants to purchase Common Shares, Preferred Shares or Debt Securities. This section describes the general terms that will apply to any Warrants issued pursuant to this Prospectus. Warrants may be offered separately or together with other Securities and may be attached to or separate from any other Securities.
Unless the applicable Prospectus Supplement otherwise indicates, each series of Warrants will be issued under a separate warrant indenture to be entered into between the Corporation and one or more banks or trust companies acting as Warrant agent. The Warrant agent will act solely as the agent of the Corporation and will not assume a relationship of agency with any holders of Warrant certificates or beneficial owners of Warrants.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will include details of the warrant indentures, if any, governing the Warrants being offered. The specific terms of the Warrants, and the extent to which the general terms described in this section apply to those Warrants, will be set out in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any Warrants the Corporation offers will describe the Warrants and the specific terms relating to the offering. The description will include, where applicable:
- •
- the designation and aggregate number of Warrants;
- •
- the price at which the Warrants will be offered;
- •
- the currency or currencies in which the Warrants will be offered;
- •
- the date on which the right to exercise the Warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
- •
- the designation, number and terms of the Common Shares, Preferred Shares or Debt Securities, as applicable, that may be purchased upon exercise of the Warrants, and the procedures that will result in the adjustment of those numbers;
- •
- the exercise price of the Warrants;
- •
- the designation and terms of the Securities, if any, with which the Warrants will be offered, and the number of Warrants that will be offered with each Security;
- •
- if the Warrants are issued as a unit with another Security, the date, if any, on and after which the Warrants and the other Security will be separately transferable;
- •
- any minimum or maximum amount of Warrants that may be exercised at any one time;
- •
- any terms, procedures and limitations relating to the transferability, exchange or exercise of the Warrants;
- •
- whether the Warrants will be subject to redemption or call and, if so, the terms of such redemption or call provisions;
- •
- material U.S. and Canadian federal income tax consequences of owning the Warrants; and
- •
- any other material terms or conditions of the Warrants.
Warrant certificates will be exchangeable for new Warrant certificates of different denominations at the office indicated in the Prospectus Supplement. Prior to the exercise of their Warrants, holders of Warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities subject to the Warrants. The Corporation may amend the warrant indenture(s) and the Warrants, without the consent of the holders of the Warrants, to cure any ambiguity, to cure, correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision, or in any other manner that will not prejudice the rights of the holders of outstanding Warrants, as a group.
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DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS
The Corporation may issue Subscription Receipts, separately or together, with Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or Warrants, as the case may be. The Subscription Receipts will be issued under a subscription receipt agreement. This section describes the general terms that will apply to any Subscription Receipts that may be offered by the Corporation pursuant to this Prospectus.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will include details of the subscription receipt agreement covering the Subscription Receipts being offered. A copy of the subscription receipt agreement relating to an offering of Subscription Receipts will be filed by the Corporation with securities regulatory authorities in Canada and the U.S. after it has been entered into by the Corporation. The specific terms of the Subscription Receipts, and the extent to which the general terms described in this section apply to those Subscription Receipts, will be set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. This description will include, where applicable:
- •
- the number of Subscription Receipts;
- •
- the price at which the Subscription Receipts will be offered and whether the price is payable in instalments;
- •
- conditions to the exchange of Subscription Receipts into Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or Warrants, as the case may be, and the consequences of such conditions not being satisfied;
- •
- the procedures for the exchange of the Subscription Receipts into Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or Warrants;
- •
- the number of Common Shares, Preferred Shares or Warrants that may be exchanged upon exercise of each Subscription Receipt;
- •
- the aggregate principal amount, currency or currencies, denominations and terms of the series of Debt Securities that may be exchanged upon exercise of each Subscription Receipt;
- •
- the designation and terms of any other Securities with which the Subscription Receipts will be offered, if any, and the number of Subscription Receipts that will be offered with each Security;
- •
- the dates or periods during which the Subscription Receipts may be exchanged into Common Shares, Preferred Shares, Debt Securities or Warrants;
- •
- terms applicable to the gross or net proceeds from the sale of the Subscription Receipts plus any interest earned thereon;
- •
- material U.S. and Canadian federal income tax consequences of owning the Subscription Receipts;
- •
- any other rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Subscription Receipts; and
- •
- any other material terms and conditions of the Subscription Receipts.
Subscription Receipt certificates will be exchangeable for new Subscription Receipt certificates of different denominations at the office indicated in the Prospectus Supplement. Prior to the exchange of their Subscription Receipts, holders of Subscription Receipts will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities subject to the Subscription Receipts.
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INTERESTS OF EXPERTS
The following are the technical reports prepared in accordance with NI 43-101 from which certain technical and scientific information contained in this Prospectus (including the documents incorporated by reference) was derived:
- •
- Goldstrike Complex—"Technical Report on the Goldstrike Mine, Eureka and Elko Counties, State of Nevada, USA" dated March 16, 2012 prepared by RPA for Barrick and Franco-Nevada under the supervision of and endorsed by Chester M. Moore, P. Eng., R. Dennis Bergen, P. Eng., Wayne W. Valliant, P. Geo., Stuart E. Collins, P.E. and Kathleen Ann Altman, Ph.D., P.E., who are each a "qualified person" for the purposes of NI 43-101; and
- •
- Palmarejo Project—"Palmarejo Project SW Chihuahua State, Mexico YE 2012—Technical Report" dated January 1, 2013 prepared for Franco-Nevada by or under the supervision of Donald J. Birak, Senior Vice President—Exploration, Coeur at the time of the Palmarejo Report, Keith Blair, Manager, Applied Geoscience LLC at the time of the Palmarejo Report, and Klaus Triebel, Senior Corporate Resource Geologist, Coeur at the time of the Palmarejo Report, each of whom is a "qualified person" for the purposes of NI 43-101.
In addition, the disclosure in the documents incorporated by reference herein for the reserves assessment and evaluation of the oil and gas reserves including the Weyburn Unit, Midale Unit and Edson property was prepared by GLJ for the Corporation and was dated February 12, 2013, with an effective date of December 31, 2012, in accordance with NI 51-101.
This technical information is included in this Prospectus in reliance on the authority of those persons as experts in these matters.
To the knowledge of the Corporation, each of these experts held less than 1% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation at the time of the preparation of the reports and/or at the time of the preparation of the technical information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus. None of the aforementioned firms or persons, nor any directors, officers or employees of such firms, are currently, or are expected to be elected, appointed or employed as, a director, officer or employee of the Corporation, or of any associate or affiliate of the Corporation.
The consolidated financial statements and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) for the year ended December 31, 2012 incorporated in this Prospectus have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent accountant, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a general summary of material U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares acquired pursuant to this Prospectus, the exercise, disposition, and lapse of Warrants acquired pursuant to this Prospectus, and the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares received on the exercise of the Warrants ("Warrant Shares").
This summary is for general information purposes only and does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax consequences that may apply to a U.S. Holder arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares. In addition, this summary does not take into account the individual facts and circumstances of any particular U.S. Holder that may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such U.S. Holder. Accordingly, this summary is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, legal or U.S. federal income tax advice with respect to any particular U.S. Holder. Except as expressly discussed below, this
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summary does not address tax filing or reporting requirements. This summary does not address the U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local or non-U.S. tax consequences to U.S. Holders relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares. In addition, except as specifically set forth below, this summary does not discuss applicable income tax reporting requirements. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares.
No opinion from legal counsel or ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") has been requested, or will be obtained, regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares. This summary is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS is not precluded from taking a position that is different from, and contrary to, the positions taken in this summary.
Authorities
This summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), Treasury Regulations (whether final, temporary, or proposed), published rulings of the IRS, published administrative positions of the IRS, the Convention Between Canada and the United States of America with Respect to Taxes on Income and on Capital, signed September 26, 1980, as amended (the "Canada-U.S. Tax Convention"), and U.S. court decisions that are applicable and, in each case, as in effect and available, as of the date of this Prospectus. Any of the authorities on which this summary is based could change in a material and adverse manner at any time, and any such change could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis. This summary does not discuss the potential effects, whether adverse or beneficial, of any proposed legislation that, if enacted, could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis.
U.S. Holders
For purposes of this summary, the term "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares acquired pursuant to this Prospectus that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
- •
- an individual who is a citizen or resident of the U.S.;
- •
- a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the U.S., any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
- •
- an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
- •
- a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the U.S. and one or more U.S. persons has the authority to make all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
Non-U.S. Holders Not Addressed
For purposes of this summary, a "non-U.S. Holder" is a beneficial owner of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares that is not a U.S. Holder. This summary does not address the U.S. federal income tax consequences to non-U.S. Holders arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares. Accordingly, a non-U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences (including the potential application of and operation of any income tax treaties) relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares.
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U.S. Holders Subject to Special U.S. Federal Income Tax Rules Not Addressed
This summary does not address the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including but not limited to the following: (a) U.S. Holders that are tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts, or other tax-deferred accounts; (b) U.S. Holders that are financial institutions, underwriters, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, or regulated investment companies; (c) U.S. Holders that are broker-dealers, dealers, or traders in securities or currencies that elect to apply a mark-to-market accounting method; (d) U.S. Holders that have a "functional currency" other than the U.S. dollar; (e) U.S. Holders that own Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares as part of a straddle, hedging transaction, conversion transaction, constructive sale, or other arrangement involving more than one position; (f) U.S. Holders that acquired Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares in connection with the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services; (g) U.S. Holders that hold Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares other than as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment purposes); or (h) U.S. Holders that own or have owned (directly, indirectly, or by attribution) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of the outstanding shares of the Corporation. This summary also does not address the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to U.S. Holders who are: (a) U.S. expatriates or former long-term residents of the U.S.; (b) persons that have been, are, or will be a resident or deemed to be a resident in Canada for purposes of the Tax Act; (c) persons that use or hold, will use or hold, or that are or will be deemed to use or hold Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares in connection with carrying on a business in Canada; (d) persons whose Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares constitute "taxable Canadian property" under the Tax Act; or (e) persons that have a permanent establishment in Canada for the purposes of the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention. U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including but not limited to U.S. Holders described immediately above, should consult their own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares.
Partnerships Not Addressed
If an entity or arrangement that is classified as a partnership (or other pass-through entity) for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such partnership and the partners (or other owners) of such partnership generally will depend on the activities of the partnership and the status of such partners (or owners). This summary does not address the tax consequences to any such entity or owner. Partners (or other owners) of entities or arrangements that are classified as partnerships or as pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares.
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U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Exercise and Disposition of Warrants
The following discussion is subject to the rules described below under the heading "Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules."
Exercise of Warrants
A U.S. Holder generally will not recognize gain or loss on the exercise of a Warrant and related receipt of a Warrant Share (unless cash is received in lieu of the issuance of a fractional Warrant Share). A U.S. Holder's initial tax basis in the Warrant Share received on the exercise of a Warrant should be equal to the sum of (a) such U.S. Holder's tax basis in such Warrant plus (b) the exercise price paid by such U.S. Holder on the exercise of such Warrant. A U.S. Holder's holding period for the Warrant Share received on the exercise of a Warrant should begin on the date that such Warrant is exercised by such U.S. Holder.
In certain limited circumstances, a U.S. Holder may be permitted to undertake a cashless exercise of its Warrants into Warrant Shares. The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a cashless exercise of Warrants into Warrant Shares is unclear. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of a cashless exercise of Warrants.
Disposition of Warrants
A U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss on the sale or other taxable disposition of a Warrant in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between (a) the U.S. dollar value of cash plus the fair market value of any property received and (b) such U.S. Holder's tax basis in the Warrant sold or otherwise disposed of. Any such gain or loss generally will be a capital gain or loss, which will be long-term capital gain or loss if the Warrant is held for more than one year. Deductions for capital losses are subject to complex limitations under the Code.
Expiration of Warrants Without Exercise
Upon the lapse or expiration of a Warrant, a U.S. Holder will recognize a loss in an amount equal to such U.S. Holder's tax basis in the Warrant. Any such loss generally will be a capital loss and will be long-term capital loss if the Warrants are held for more than one year. Deductions for capital losses are subject to complex limitations under the Code.
Certain Adjustments to the Warrants
Under Section 305 of the Code, an adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares that will be issued on the exercise of the Warrants, or an adjustment to the exercise price of the Warrants, may be treated as a constructive distribution to a U.S. Holder of the Warrants if, and to the extent that, such adjustment has the effect of increasing such U.S. Holder's proportionate interest in the "earnings and profits" or assets of the Corporation, depending on the circumstances of such adjustment (for example, if such adjustment is to compensate for a distribution of cash or other property to shareholders of the Corporation). Adjustments to the exercise price of a Warrant made pursuant to a bona fide reasonable adjustment formula that has the effect of preventing dilution of the interest of the holders of the Warrant should generally not be considered to result in a constructive distribution. Any such constructive distribution would be taxable whether or not there is an actual distribution of cash or other property. See more detailed discussion of the rules applicable to distributions made by the Corporation at "Ownership and Disposition of Common Shares and Warrant Shares—Taxation of Distributions" below.
The rules with respect to adjustments are complex and each U.S. Holder of Warrants should consult its own tax advisor in the event of an adjustment.
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Ownership and Disposition of Common Shares and Warrant Shares
The following discussion is subject to the rules described below under the heading "Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules."
Taxation of Distributions
A U.S. Holder that receives a distribution, including a constructive distribution, with respect to a Common Share or Warrant Share (as well as any constructive distribution on a Warrant as described above) will be required to include the amount of such distribution in gross income as a dividend (without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distribution) to the extent of the current or accumulated "earnings and profits" of the Corporation, as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes. To the extent that a distribution exceeds the current and accumulated "earnings and profits" of the Corporation, such distribution will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder's tax basis in the Common Shares or Warrant Shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of such Common Shares or Warrant Shares (see "Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Shares and Warrant Shares" below). However, the Corporation may not maintain the calculations of earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles, and each U.S. Holder should therefore assume that any distribution by the Corporation with respect to the Common Shares (or Warrants) or Warrant Shares (as well as any constructive distribution on a Warrant) will constitute ordinary dividend income. Dividends received on Common Shares or Warrant Shares generally will not be eligible for the "dividends received deduction." Subject to applicable limitations and provided the Corporation is eligible for the benefits of the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention, dividends paid by the Corporation to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, generally will be eligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains for dividends, provided certain holding period and other conditions are satisfied, including that the Corporation not be classified as a PFIC (as defined below) in the tax year of distribution or in the preceding tax year. The dividend rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the application of such rules.
Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Shares and Warrant Shares
A U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss on the sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares or Warrant Shares in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between (a) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received and (b) such U.S. Holder's tax basis in such Common Shares or Warrant Shares sold or otherwise disposed of. Any such gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss, which will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, such Common Shares or Warrant Shares are held for more than one year.
Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains of a U.S. Holder that is an individual, estate, or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains of a U.S. Holder that is a corporation. Deductions for capital losses are subject to significant limitations under the Code.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
If the Corporation were to constitute a "passive foreign investment company" ("PFIC") for any year during a U.S. Holder's holding period, then certain potentially adverse rules could affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder from the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares. Although the matter is not free from doubt, the Corporation believes, on a more likely than not basis, that it presently qualifies, and expects to continue to qualify in the future, for the active commodities business exception for purposes of the PFIC asset test and PFIC income test (both as defined below). Accordingly, the Corporation believes, on a more-likely-than-not basis, that it was not a PFIC for its tax year ended December 31, 2012, and based on its current and anticipated business activities and financial expectations, the Corporation expects, on a more-likely-than-not basis, that it will
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not be a PFIC for its current tax year and for the foreseeable future. The Corporation believes that it was a PFIC for its tax year ended December 31, 2011 and prior tax years.
The determination as to whether any corporation was, or will be, a PFIC for a particular tax year depends, in part, on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules, which are subject to differing interpretations. In addition, whether any corporation will be a PFIC for any tax year depends on its assets and income over the course of such tax year, and, as a result, the Corporation's PFIC status for its current tax year and any future tax year cannot be predicted with certainty. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the views of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary PFIC, as defined below) concerning its PFIC status. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the PFIC status of the Corporation and any of its subsidiaries.
In addition, in any year in which the Corporation is classified as a PFIC, such holder may be required to file an annual report with the IRS containing such information as Treasury Regulations and/or other IRS guidance may require. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the requirements of filing such information returns under these rules, including the requirement to file a IRS Form 8621.
The Corporation will be a PFIC under Section 1297 of the Code if, for a tax year, (a) 75% or more of the gross income of the Corporation for such tax year is passive income (the "income test") or (b) 50% or more of the value of the Corporation's assets either produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income (the "asset test"), based on the quarterly average of the fair market value of such assets. "Gross income" generally includes all sales revenues less the cost of goods sold, plus income from investments and from incidental or outside operations or sources, and "passive income" generally includes, for example, dividends, interest, certain rents and royalties, certain gains from the sale of stock and securities, and certain gains from commodities transactions.
Active business gains arising from the sale of commodities generally are excluded from passive income under the active commodities business exception if substantially all (85% or more) of a foreign corporation's commodities are stock in trade or inventory, real and depreciable property used in a trade or business, or supplies regularly used or consumed in a trade or business, and certain other requirements are satisfied.
In addition, for purposes of the PFIC income test and asset test described above, if the Corporation owns, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the total value of the outstanding shares of another corporation, the Corporation will be treated as if it (a) held a proportionate share of the assets of such other corporation and (b) received directly a proportionate share of the income of such other corporation. In addition, for purposes of the PFIC income test and asset test described above and assuming certain other requirements are met, "passive income" does not include certain interest, dividends, rents, or royalties that are received or accrued by the Corporation from a "related person" (as defined in Section 954(d)(3) of the Code), to the extent such items are properly allocable to the income of such related person that is not passive income and certain other requirements are satisfied.
Under certain attribution rules, if the Corporation is a PFIC, U.S. Holders will be deemed to own their proportionate share of any subsidiary of the Corporation which is also a PFIC (a "Subsidiary PFIC"), and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on (i) a distribution on the shares of a Subsidiary PFIC or (ii) a disposition of shares of a Subsidiary PFIC, both as if the holder directly held the shares of such Subsidiary PFIC.
If the Corporation were a PFIC in any tax year and a U.S. Holder held Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares, such holder generally would be subject to special rules under Section 1291 of the Code with respect to "excess distributions" made by the Corporation on the Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares and with respect to gain from the disposition of Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares. An "excess distribution" generally is defined as the excess of distributions with respect to the
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Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares received by a U.S Holder in any tax year over 125% of the average annual distributions such U.S. Holder has received from the Corporation during the shorter of the three preceding tax years, or such U.S. Holder's holding period for the Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares, as applicable. Generally, a U.S. Holder would be required to allocate any excess distribution or gain from the disposition of the Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares ratably over its holding period for the Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares. Such amounts allocated to the year of the disposition or excess distribution would be taxed as ordinary income, and amounts allocated to prior tax years would be taxed as ordinary income at the highest tax rate in effect for each such year and an interest charge at a rate applicable to underpayments of tax would apply.
While there are U.S. federal income tax elections that sometimes can be made to mitigate these adverse tax consequences (including, without limitation, the "QEF Election" under Section 1295 of the Code and the "Mark-to-Market Election" under Section 1296 of the Code), such elections are available in limited circumstances and must be made in a timely manner. Under proposed Treasury Regulations, if a U.S. Holder has an option, warrant, or other right to acquire stock of a PFIC (such as the Warrants), such option, warrant or right is considered to be PFIC stock subject to the default rules of Section 1291 of the Code that apply to "excess distributions" and dispositions described above. However, for the purposes of the PFIC rules, the holding period for any Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of a Warrant will begin on the date a U.S. Holder acquires the Warrants (and not the date the Warrants are exercised). This will impact the availability, and consequences, of the QEF Election and Mark-to-Market Election with respect to the Warrant Shares. Thus, a U.S. Holder will have to account for Warrant Shares and Common Shares under the PFIC rules and the applicable elections differently. In addition, a QEF Election may not be made with respect to the Warrants and it is unclear whether the Mark-to-Market Election may be made with respect to the Warrants. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the potential application of the PFIC rules to the ownership and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants, and Warrant Shares, and the availability of certain U.S. tax elections under the PFIC rules.
U.S. Holders should be aware that, for each tax year, if any, that the Corporation is a PFIC, the Corporation can provide no assurances that it will satisfy the record keeping requirements of a PFIC, or that it will make available to U.S. Holders the information such U.S. Holders require to make a QEF Election with respect to the Corporation or any Subsidiary PFIC. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the potential application of the PFIC rules to the ownership and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares, and the availability of certain U.S. tax elections under the PFIC rules.
Additional Considerations
Additional Tax on Passive Income
U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates and certain trusts whose income exceeds certain thresholds will be required to pay a 3.8% Medicare surtax on "net investment income" including, among other things, dividends and net gain from disposition of property (other than property held in a trade or business). Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the effect, if any, of this tax on its ownership and disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares.
Receipt of Foreign Currency
The amount of any distribution paid to a U.S. Holder in foreign currency, or on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares, generally will be equal to the U.S. dollar value of such foreign currency based on the exchange rate applicable on the date of receipt (regardless of whether such foreign currency is converted into U.S. dollars at that time). If the foreign currency received is not converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any U.S. Holder who receives
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payment in foreign currency and engages in a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the foreign currency may have a foreign currency exchange gain or loss that would be treated as ordinary income or loss, and generally will be U.S. source income or loss for foreign tax credit purposes. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of receiving, owning, and disposing of foreign currency.
Foreign Tax Credit
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, a U.S. Holder that pays (whether directly or through withholding) Canadian income tax with respect to dividends paid on the Common Shares or Warrant Shares (or with respect to any deemed dividend on the Warrants) generally will be entitled, at the election of such U.S. Holder, to receive either a deduction or a credit for such Canadian income tax paid. Generally, a credit will reduce a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability on a dollar-for-dollar basis, whereas a deduction will reduce a U.S. Holder's income subject to U.S. federal income tax. This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign taxes paid (whether directly or through withholding) by a U.S. Holder during a year.
Complex limitations apply to the foreign tax credit, including the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability that such U.S. Holder's "foreign source" taxable income bears to such U.S. Holder's worldwide taxable income. In applying this limitation, a U.S. Holder's various items of income and deduction must be classified, under complex rules, as either "foreign source" or "U.S. source." Generally, dividends paid by a foreign corporation should be treated as foreign source for this purpose, and gains recognized on the sale of stock of a foreign corporation by a U.S. Holder should be treated as U.S. source for this purpose, except as otherwise provided in an applicable income tax treaty, and if an election is properly made under the Code. However, the amount of a distribution with respect to the Common Shares, Warrant Shares or Warrants that is treated as a "dividend" may be lower for U.S. federal income tax purposes than it is for Canadian federal income tax purposes, resulting in a reduced foreign tax credit allowance to a U.S. Holder. In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific categories of income. The foreign tax credit rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the foreign tax credit rules.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Under U.S. federal income tax law and Treasury Regulations, certain categories of U.S. Holders must file information returns with respect to their investment in, or involvement in, a foreign corporation. For example, recently enacted legislation generally imposes new U.S. return disclosure obligations (and related penalties) on U.S. Holders that hold certain specified foreign financial assets in excess of certain threshold amounts. The definition of specified foreign financial assets includes not only financial accounts maintained in foreign financial institutions, but also, unless held in accounts maintained by a financial institution, any stock or security issued by a non-U.S. person, any financial instrument or contract held for investment that has an issuer or counterparty other than a U.S. person and any interest in a foreign entity. U.S. Holders may be subject to these reporting requirements unless their Common Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares are held in an account at certain financial institutions. Penalties for failure to file certain of these information returns are substantial. U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisors regarding the requirements of filing information returns under these rules, including the requirement to file an IRS Form 8938.
Payments made within the U.S. or by a U.S. payor or U.S. middleman, of dividends on, and proceeds arising from the sale or other taxable disposition of, Common Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares will generally be subject to information reporting and backup withholding tax (currently at a rate of 28%), if a U.S. Holder (a) fails to furnish such U.S. Holder's correct U.S. taxpayer identification number (generally on Form W-9), (b) furnishes an incorrect U.S. taxpayer identification number, (c) is notified by the IRS
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that such U.S. Holder has previously failed to properly report items subject to backup withholding tax, or (d) fails to certify, under penalty of perjury, that such U.S. Holder has furnished its correct U.S. taxpayer identification number and that the IRS has not notified such U.S. Holder that it is subject to backup withholding tax. However, certain exempt persons generally are excluded from these information reporting and backup withholding rules. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a credit against a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, or will be refunded, if such U.S. Holder furnishes required information to the IRS in a timely manner.
The discussion of reporting requirements set forth above is not intended to constitute an exhaustive description of all reporting requirements that may apply to a U.S. Holder. A failure to satisfy certain reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax, and under certain circumstances, such an extension may apply to assessments of amounts unrelated to any unsatisfied reporting requirement. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the information reporting and backup withholding rules.
CERTAIN CANADIAN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
In the opinion of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP, counsel to the Corporation, the following is a general summary of the principal Canadian federal income tax considerations generally applicable under the Tax Act to a holder who acquires Common Shares or Warrants as beneficial owner pursuant to the Prospectus and who, at all relevant times, for the purposes of the Tax Act, holds such Common Shares or Warrants as capital property, deals at arm's length with the Corporation, is not affiliated with the Corporation, does not report its Canadian tax results in a currency other than the Canadian currency and, for purposes of the Tax Act, is not, and is not deemed to be, a resident of Canada and has not and will not use or hold or be deemed to use or hold the Common Shares or Warrants in or in the course of carrying on business in Canada (a "Non-Resident Holder"). Special rules, which are not discussed below, may apply to a non-resident of Canada that is an insurer which carries on business in Canada and elsewhere.
The Common Shares and Warrants will generally be considered capital property to a Non-Resident Holder unless either (i) the Non-Resident Holder holds the Common Shares or Warrants in the course of carrying on a business of buying and selling securities or (ii) the Non-Resident Holder deals with the Common Shares or Warrants in a transaction or transactions considered to be an adventure in the nature of trade.
The term "US Holder," for the purposes of this summary, means a Non-Resident Holder who, for purposes of the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention, is at all relevant times a resident of the U.S. and is a "qualifying person" within the meaning of the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention and does not use or hold and is not deemed to use or hold the Common Shares or Warrants in connection with carrying on a business in Canada through a permanent establishment in Canada. In some circumstances, persons deriving amounts through fiscally transparent entities (which may include limited liability companies) may be entitled to benefits under the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention. US Holders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors to determine their entitlement to benefits under the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention based on their particular circumstances.
This summary is based on the current provisions of the Tax Act, the regulations thereunder (the "Regulations"), the current provisions of the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention and counsel's understanding of the current administrative policies and assessing practices of the Canada Revenue Agency (the "CRA") publicly available prior to the date hereof.
This summary also takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Tax Act and Regulations publicly announced by or on behalf of the Minister of Finance (Canada) prior to the date hereof (collectively, the "Proposed Tax Amendments"). No assurances can be given that the Proposed Tax Amendments will be enacted or will be enacted as proposed. Other than the Proposed Tax Amendments, this summary does not take into account or anticipate any changes in law or the administration policies or
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assessing practice of CRA, whether by judicial, legislative, governmental or administrative decision or action, nor does it take into account provincial, territorial or foreign income tax legislation or considerations, which may differ significantly from those discussed herein.
This summary is of a general nature only and is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any particular holder and no representations with respect to the income tax consequences to any particular holder are made. This summary is not exhaustive of all Canadian federal income tax considerations. Accordingly, prospective investors in Common Shares or Warrants should consult their own tax advisors with respect to their own particular circumstances.
Currency Conversion
For purposes of the Tax Act, all amounts relating to the acquisition, holding or disposition of the Common Shares and Warrants, including interest, dividends, adjusted cost base and proceeds of disposition must be converted into Canadian dollars based on the relevant exchange rate applicable on the effective date (as determined in accordance with the Tax Act) of the related acquisition, disposition or recognition of income.
Exercise on Expiry of Warrants
No gain or loss will be realized by a Non-Resident Holder on the exercise of a Warrant.
Upon expiry of an unexercised Warrant, generally a Non-Resident Holder will realize a capital loss equal to the adjusted cost base thereof to such holder. One-half of any capital loss may be deducted, subject to certain limitations, against relevant taxable capital gains in the year of disposition or the three preceding years or any subsequent year in accordance with the detailed provisions in the Tax Act.
Disposition of Common Shares and Warrants
A Non-Resident Holder will not be subject to tax under the Tax Act in respect of any capital gain realized by such Non-Resident Holder on a disposition of the Common Shares or Warrants, unless the Common Shares or Warrants constitute "taxable Canadian property" (as defined in the Tax Act) of the Non-Resident Holder at the time of disposition and the Non-Resident Holder is not exempt from such tax because of an applicable income tax treaty or convention. As long as the Common Shares are then listed on a designated stock exchange (which currently includes the TSX and the NYSE), the Common Shares and the Warrants generally will not constitute taxable Canadian property of a Non-Resident Holder, unless at any time during the 60-month period immediately preceding the disposition (i) the Non-Resident Holder, persons with whom the Non-Resident Holder did not deal at arm's length, or the Non-Resident Holder together with all such persons, owned or was considered to own 25% or more of the issued shares of any class or series of shares of the capital stock of the Corporation, and (ii) more than 50% of the fair market value of the Common Shares was derived directly or indirectly, from one or any combination of real or immovable property situated in Canada, "Canadian resource properties", "timber resource properties" (each as defined in the Tax Act), and options in respect of or interests in, or for civil law rights in, any such properties (whether or not such property exists).
Even if the Common Shares or Warrants are taxable Canadian property to a Non-Resident Holder, any capital gain realized on the disposition or deemed disposition of such Common Shares or Warrants may not be subject to Canadian federal income tax pursuant to the terms of an applicable income tax treaty or convention between Canada and the country of residence of such Non-Resident Holder.
A Non-Resident Holder whose Common Shares or Warrants are taxable Canadian property should consult their own advisors.
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Dividends on Common Shares
Under the Tax Act, dividends paid or credited on the Common Shares to a Non-Resident Holder will be subject to Canadian withholding tax at the rate of 25% of the gross amount of the dividends. This withholding tax may be reduced pursuant to the terms of an applicable income tax treaty or convention between Canada and the country of residence of a Non-Resident Holder. Under the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention, a Non-Resident Holder that is a US Holder will generally be subject to Canadian withholding tax at a rate of 15% of the amount of such dividends. In addition, under the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention, dividends may be exempt from such Canadian withholding tax if paid to certain US Holders that are qualifying religious, scientific, literary, educational or charitable tax-exempt organizations or qualifying trusts, companies, organizations or arrangements operated exclusively to administer or provide pension, retirement or employee benefits that are exempt from tax in the U.S. and that have complied with specific administrative procedures.
RISK FACTORS
Prospective purchasers of Securities should carefully consider the risk factors contained in and incorporated by reference in this Prospectus (including subsequently filed documents incorporated by reference) and those described in a Prospectus Supplement relating to a specific offering of Securities.
Discussions of certain risks affecting the Corporation in connection with its business are provided in the Corporation's disclosure documents filed with the various securities regulatory authorities which are incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters relating to the offering of Securities hereunder will be passed upon on behalf of the Corporation by Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP with respect to Canadian legal matters and by Dorsey & Whitney LLP with respect to U.S. legal matters. At the date hereof, the partners and associates of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP, as a group, and the partners and associates of Dorsey & Whitney LLP, as a group, each beneficially own, directly or indirectly, less than one per cent of any outstanding securities of the Corporation or any associate or affiliate of the Corporation.
AUDITORS, TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The auditor of the Corporation is PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, PwC Tower, 18 York Street, Suite 2600, Toronto, Ontario M5J 0B2. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is independent of the Corporation within the meaning of the Rules of Professional Conduct of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Rule 3520, Auditor Independence.
The transfer agent and registrar for the Common Shares of the Corporation is Computershare Investor Services Inc. at its principal office in Toronto.
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ENFORCEMENT OF CERTAIN CIVIL LIABILITIES
The Corporation is incorporated under the laws of Canada and its principal place of business is in Canada. Most of the Corporation's directors and officers, and some of the experts named in this Prospectus, are residents of Canada, and all or a substantial portion of their assets, and a substantial portion of the Corporation's assets, are located outside the U.S. The Corporation has appointed an agent for service of process in the U.S. but it may be difficult for holders of Securities who reside in the U.S. to effect service within the U.S. upon the Corporation or those directors, officers and experts who are not residents of the U.S. Investors should not assume that a Canadian court would enforce a judgement of a U.S. court obtained in an action against the Corporation or such other persons predicated on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws or the securities or "blue sky" laws of any state within the U.S. or would enforce, in original actions, liabilities against the Corporation or such persons predicated on the U.S. federal securities laws or any such state securities or "blue sky" laws. The Corporation's Canadian counsel has advised the Corporation that a monetary judgment of a U.S. court predicated solely upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities laws would likely be enforceable in Canada if the U.S. court in which the judgment was obtained had a basis for jurisdiction in the matter that was recognized by a Canadian court for such purposes. The Corporation cannot provide assurance that this will be the case. It is less certain that an action could be brought in Canada in the first instance on the basis of liability predicated solely upon such laws.
The Corporation filed with the SEC, concurrently with its registration statement on Form F-10, an appointment of agent for service of process on Form F-X. Under the Form F-X, the Corporation appointed Corporation Service Company as its agent for service of process in the U.S. in connection with any investigation or administrative proceeding conducted by the SEC, and any civil suit or action brought against or involving the Corporation in a U.S. court arising out of or relating to or concerning an offering of Securities under this Prospectus.
DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
The following documents have been or will be filed with the SEC as part of the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part: the documents set out under the heading "Documents Incorporated by Reference"; the consents of auditors, engineers, geologists and counsel; the powers of attorney from the directors and certain officers of the Corporation; and the form of Indenture. A copy of the form of warrant indenture, subscription receipt agreement or statement of eligibility of trustee on Form T-1, as applicable, will be filed by post-effective amendment or by incorporation by reference to documents filed with, or furnished to, the SEC under the U.S. Exchange Act.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED TO BE DELIVERED TO
OFFEREES OR PURCHASERS
Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Under theCanada Business Corporations Act (the "CBCA"), the Registrant may indemnify a present or former director or officer of the Registrant or another individual who acts or acted at the Registrant's request as a director or officer, or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involved because of that association with the Registrant or other entity. The Registrant may not indemnify an individual unless the individual acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Registrant, or, as the case may be, to the best interests of the other entity for which the individual acted as a director or officer or in a similar capacity at the Registrant's request and, in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, the individual had reasonable grounds for believing that the individual's conduct was lawful. The indemnification may be made in connection with an action by or on behalf of the Registrant or other entity to procure a judgment in its favor, to which the individual is made a party because of the individual's association with the Registrant or other entity as described above only with court approval. The aforementioned individuals are entitled to indemnification from the Registrant in respect of all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by the individual in connection with the defense of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding to which the individual's association with the Registrant or other entity as described above if the individual was not judged by the court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything that the individual described above ought to have done provided the individual fulfills the conditions set out above. The Registrant may advance moneys to an individual described above for the costs, charges and expenses of a proceeding described above; however, the individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions set out above.
By-law No. 1 of the Registrant provides that the Registrant agrees to indemnify each director and officer of the Registrant, each former director and officer of the Registrant and each individual who acts or acted at the Registrant's request as a director or officer, or each individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involved because of that association with the Registrant or other entity. Subject to the limitations contained in the CBCA, the by-law of the Registrant provides that the Registrant, may purchase and maintain insurance as the board of directors of the Registrant may from time to time determine for the benefit of a director or officer of the Registrant, each former director and officer of the Registrant and each individual who acts or acted at the Registrant's request as a director or officer, or each individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity.
Additionally, By-law No.1 provides that no director or officer shall be liable (i) for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of any other director, officer, employee, or agent, (ii) for joining in any receipt or other act for conformity, (iii) for any loss, damage or expense happening to the Registrant through the insufficiency or deficiency of title to any property acquired for or on behalf of the Registrant, (iv) for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any of the moneys of the Registrant shall be invested, (v) for any loss or damage arising from the bankruptcy, insolvency or tortuous acts of any person with whom any of the moneys, securities or effects of the Registrant shall be deposited, (vi) for any loss occasioned by any error of judgment or oversight on the part of that person, (vii) for any other loss, damage or misfortune whatever which happen in the execution of the duties of that person's office or in relation thereto, unless the same are occasioned by that person's own willful neglect or default.
The Registrant's indemnity applies only to the extent that the individual seeking indemnity acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the Registrant, or, as the case may be, to the best interests of the other entity for which the individual acted as director or officer or in similar capacity at
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the Registrant's request; and in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, the individual had reasonable grounds for believing that the individual's conduct was lawful. The Registrant may advance moneys to a director, officer or other individual for the costs, charges and expenses of a proceeding. The individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions set out above.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and is therefore unenforceable.
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EXHIBITS
| | | |
Exhibit | | Description |
---|
| 4.1 | | Annual Information Form of the Registrant dated as of March 19, 2013 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 40-F, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2013, as amended on September 19, 2013) |
| 4.2 | | Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant as at and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, together with the notes thereto and the Independent Auditors' Report thereon to Shareholders dated March 19, 2013 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 40-F, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2013, as amended on September 19, 2013) |
| 4.3 | | Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Registrant for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 40-F, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2013, as amended on September 19, 2013) |
| 4.4 | | Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant as at and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, together with the notes thereto (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant's Report on Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on August 7, 2013) |
| 4.5 | | Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Registrant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant's Report on Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on August 7, 2013) |
| 4.6 | | Management Information Circular of the Registrant dated March 22, 2013 in connection with the Registrant's annual and special meeting of shareholders held on May 8, 2013 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant's Report on Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on April 3, 2013) |
| 5.1 | | Consent of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP* |
| 5.2 | | Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| 5.3 | | Consent of Kathleen Ann Altman |
| 5.4 | | Consent of R. Dennis Bergen |
| 5.5 | | Consent of Donald J. Birak |
| 5.6 | | Consent of Keith Blair |
| 5.7 | | Consent of Stuart E. Collins |
| 5.8 | | Consent of GLJ Petroleum Consultants Ltd. |
| 5.9 | | Consent of Chester M. Moore |
| 5.10 | | Consent of Roscoe Postle Associates Inc. |
| 5.11 | | Consent of Klaus Triebel |
| 5.12 | | Consent of Wayne W. Valliant |
| 6.1 | | Powers of Attorney (contained on the signature page hereto)* |
| 7.1 | | Form of Indenture (if debt securities are offered by a supplement to this Registration Statement, the Registrant will file with the Commission a trustee's Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1)* |
II-3
PART III
UNDERTAKING AND CONSENT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS
Item 1. Undertaking.
The Registrant undertakes to make available, in person or by telephone, representatives to respond to inquiries made by the Commission staff, and to furnish promptly, when requested to do so by the Commission staff, information relating to the securities registered pursuant to this Form F-10 or to transactions in said securities.
Item 2. Consent to Service of Process.
- (a)
- Concurrently with the filing of this Registration Statement, the Registrant is filing with the Commission a written irrevocable consent and power of attorney on Form F-X.
- (b)
- Any change to the name or address of the Registrant's agent for service shall be communicated promptly to the Commission by amendment to Form F-X referencing the file number of this Registration Statement.
III-1
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-10 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on this 29th day of October, 2013.
| | | | | | |
| | FRANCO-NEVADA CORPORATION |
| | By: | | /s/ David Harquail
|
| | | | Name: | | David Harquail |
| | | | Title: | | President & Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
| | | | | | | | | |
| Signature | | Title | | Date |
---|
| | | | | | | | | |
| /s/ David Harquail
David Harquail | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | | October 29, 2013 |
| /s/ Sandip Rana
Sandip Rana | | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) | | October 29, 2013 |
| *
Pierre Lassonde | | Chairman and Director | | October 29, 2013 |
| *
Thomas Albanese | | Director | | October 29, 2013 |
| *
Derek Evans | | Director | | October 29, 2013 |
| *
Graham Farquharson | | Director | | October 29, 2013 |
| *
Louis Gignac | | Director | | October 29, 2013 |
| *
Randall Oliphant | | Director | | October 29, 2013 |
III-2
| | | | | | | | | |
| Signature | | Title | | Date |
---|
| | | | | | | | | |
| *
David Peterson | | Director | | October 29, 2013 |
| | | | | | |
*By: | | /s/ David Harquail
| | |
| | Name: | | David Harquail | | |
| | | | Attorney-in-Fact | | |
III-3
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 6(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, the Authorized Representative has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, solely in its capacity as the duly authorized representative of the Registrant in the United States, on this 29th day of October, 2013.
| | | | | | |
| | FRANCO-NEVADA U.S. CORPORATION |
| | By: | | /s/ Sandip Rana
|
| | | | Name: | | Sandip Rana |
| | | | Title: | | Chief Financial Officer |
III-4
EXHIBIT INDEX
| | | |
Exhibit | | Description |
---|
| 4.1 | | Annual Information Form of the Registrant dated as of March 19, 2013 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 40-F, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2013, as amended on September 19, 2013) |
| 4.2 | | Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant as at and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, together with the notes thereto and the Independent Auditors' Report thereon to Shareholders dated March 19, 2013 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 40-F, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2013, as amended on September 19, 2013) |
| 4.3 | | Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Registrant for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 40-F, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2013, as amended on September 19, 2013) |
| 4.4 | | Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant as at and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, together with the notes thereto (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant's Report on Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on August 7, 2013) |
| 4.5 | | Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Registrant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant's Report on Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on August 7, 2013) |
| 4.6 | | Management Information Circular of the Registrant dated March 22, 2013 in connection with the Registrant's annual and special meeting of shareholders held on May 8, 2013 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant's Report on Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on April 3, 2013) |
| 5.1 | | Consent of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP* |
| 5.2 | | Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| 5.3 | | Consent of Kathleen Ann Altman |
| 5.4 | | Consent of R. Dennis Bergen |
| 5.5 | | Consent of Donald J. Birak |
| 5.6 | | Consent of Keith Blair |
| 5.7 | | Consent of Stuart E. Collins |
| 5.8 | | Consent of GLJ Petroleum Consultants Ltd. |
| 5.9 | | Consent of Chester M. Moore |
| 5.10 | | Consent of Roscoe Postle Associates Inc. |
| 5.11 | | Consent of Klaus Triebel |
| 5.12 | | Consent of Wayne W. Valliant |
| 6.1 | | Powers of Attorney (contained on the signature page hereto)* |
| 7.1 | | Form of Indenture (if debt securities are offered by a supplement to this Registration Statement, the Registrant will file with the Commission a trustee's Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1)* |