Live Oak Bancshares (LOB) 10-K 22 Feb 24 2023 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover

Cover - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Feb. 21, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-37497
Entity Registrant Name	LIVE OAK BANCSHARES, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NC
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-4596286
Entity Address, Address Line One	1741 Tiburon Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Wilmington
Entity Address, State or Province	NC
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	28403
City Area Code	910
Local Phone Number	790-5867
Title of 12(b) Security	Voting Common Stock, no par value per share
Trading Symbol	LOB
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Files	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 876,352,160
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		44,769,239
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which the registrant plans to file subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part III. Portions of the registrant's annual report to shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2023, which will be posted on the registrant's website and furnished to the SEC subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part II.
Entity Central Index Key	0001462120
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false

Audit Information

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Auditor Information [Abstract]
Auditor Name	FORVIS, LLP
Auditor Location	Greenville, North Carolina
Auditor Firm ID	686

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$ 582,540	$ 280,239
Federal funds sold	0	136,397
Certificates of deposit with other banks	250	4,000
Investment securities available-for-sale	1,126,160	1,014,719
Loans held for sale	387,037	554,610
Loans and leases held for investment (includes $388,036 and $494,458 measured at fair value, respectively)	8,633,847	7,344,178
Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases	(125,840)	(96,566)
Net loans and leases	8,508,007	7,247,612
Premises and equipment, net	257,881	263,290
Foreclosed assets	6,481	0
Servicing assets (includes $48,186 and $26,323 measured at fair value, respectively)	48,591	26,323
Other assets	354,476	328,308
Total assets	11,271,423	9,855,498
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	259,270	194,100
Interest-bearing	10,015,749	8,690,828
Total deposits	10,275,019	8,884,928
Borrowings	23,354	83,203
Other liabilities	70,384	76,334
Total liabilities	10,368,757	9,044,465
Shareholders’ equity
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	0	0
Retained earnings	642,817	572,497
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(84,719)	(92,318)
Total shareholders’ equity	902,666	811,033
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	11,271,423	9,855,498
Class A Common Stock
Shareholders’ equity
Common stock	344,568	330,854
Class B Common Stock
Shareholders’ equity
Common stock	$ 0	$ 0

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Total Loans and Leases	$ 8,655,865	$ 7,348,612
Servicing asset, fair value	$ 48,186	$ 26,323
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred stock authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Total Loans and Leases	$ 388,036	$ 494,458
Class A Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Common stock authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares)	44,617,673	44,061,244
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	44,617,673	44,061,244
Class B Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Common stock authorized (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares)	0	0
Common stock outstanding (in shares)	0	0

Consolidated Statements of Inco

Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Interest income
Loans and fees on loans	$ 623,667	$ 418,545	$ 347,738
Investment securities, taxable	33,497	19,667	12,533
Other interest earning assets	31,111	6,261	942
Total interest income	688,275	444,473	361,213
Interest expense
Deposits	340,207	115,035	59,740
Borrowings	2,763	1,937	4,688
Total interest expense	342,970	116,972	64,428
Net interest income	345,305	327,501	296,785
Provision for loan and lease credit losses	51,323	40,943	15,210
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease credit losses	293,982	286,558	281,575
Noninterest income
Loan servicing revenue	27,399	25,359	25,219
Loan servicing asset revaluation	4,886	(16,577)	(11,726)
Net gains on sales of loans	46,545	43,244	67,280
Net (loss) gain on loans accounted for under the fair value option	(3,539)	1,046	4,257
Equity method investments (loss) income	(5,994)	144,250	(1,716)
Equity security investments (losses) gains, net	(969)	3,355	44,752
Lease income	10,007	10,084	10,263
Management fee income	13,324	10,090	6,378
Other noninterest income	20,074	17,141	15,493
Total noninterest income	111,733	237,992	160,200
Noninterest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	175,052	170,822	124,932
Travel expense	8,922	8,499	5,809
Professional services expense	7,737	11,737	15,135
Advertising and marketing expense	12,559	10,543	5,002
Occupancy expense	8,490	11,088	8,423
Technology expense	31,858	28,434	22,648
Equipment expense	14,997	15,120	14,869
Other loan origination and maintenance expense	14,804	13,168	13,529
Renewable energy tax credit investment impairment	14,644	16,217	3,187
FDIC insurance	16,670	9,756	7,070
Contributions and donations	0	6,462	2,331
Other expense	17,152	12,380	8,052
Total noninterest expense	322,885	314,226	230,987
Income before taxes	82,830	210,324	210,788
Income tax expense	8,932	34,116	43,793
Net income	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.67	$ 4.02	$ 3.87
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.64	$ 3.92	$ 3.71

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax:
Net unrealized gain (loss) on investment securities available-for-sale during the period	9,999	(124,032)	(25,738)
Reclassification adjustment for gain on sale of securities available- for-sale included in net income	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	9,999	(124,032)	(25,738)
Income tax (expense) benefit	(2,400)	29,768	6,177
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	7,599	(94,264)	(19,561)
Total comprehensive income	$ 81,497	$ 81,944	$ 147,434

Consolidated Statements of Chan

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common stock	Common stock Class A Common Stock	Common stock Class B Common Stock	Retained earnings	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			41,344,689	1,107,757
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 567,850	$ 310,619			$ 235,724	$ 21,507
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	166,995				166,995
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(19,561)					(19,561)
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)			453,127
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock and other	(19,151)	(19,151)
Employee stock purchase program (in shares)			13,674
Employee stock purchase program	670	670
Non-voting common stock converted to voting common stock in private sale			982,733	(982,733)
Stock option exercises (in shares)			709,823
Stock option exercises	4,158	4,158
Stock option based compensation expense	1,379	1,379
Restricted stock expense	15,572	15,572
Transfer from retained earnings to other assets for pro rata portion of equity method investee stock compensation expense	3,360				3,360
Repurchase and retirement of shares securing a note receivable (in shares)			(10,000)
Repurchase and retirement of shares securing a note receivable	(953)	(953)
Cash dividends	(5,186)				(5,186)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			43,494,046	125,024
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021	715,133	312,294			400,893	1,946
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	176,208				176,208
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(94,264)					(94,264)
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)			211,235
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock and other	(4,972)	(4,972)
Employee stock purchase program (in shares)			29,383
Employee stock purchase program	1,067	1,067
Non-voting common stock converted to voting common stock in private sale			125,024	(125,024)
Stock option exercises (in shares)			201,556
Stock option exercises	2,118	2,118
Stock option based compensation expense	942	942
Restricted stock expense	$ 19,405	19,405
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration]	Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 [Member]
Transfer from retained earnings to other assets for pro rata portion of equity method investee stock compensation expense	$ 662				662
Cash dividends	(5,266)				(5,266)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022			44,061,244	0
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	811,033	330,854			572,497	(92,318)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	73,898				73,898
Other comprehensive income (loss)	7,599					7,599
Issuance of restricted stock (in shares)			373,616
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock and other	(6,725)	(6,725)
Employee stock purchase program (in shares)			59,074
Employee stock purchase program	$ 1,396	1,396
Stock option exercises (in shares)	148,551		123,739
Stock option exercises	$ 1,168	1,168
Stock option based compensation expense	272	272
Restricted stock expense	17,603	17,603
Transfer from retained earnings to other assets for pro rata portion of equity method investee stock compensation expense	1,072				1,072
Cash dividends	(5,326)				(5,326)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023			44,617,673	0
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 902,666	$ 344,568			$ 642,817	$ (84,719)

Consolidated Statements of Ch_2

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Cash dividends (in dollars per share)	$ 0.12	$ 0.12	$ 0.12

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	21,271	20,779	21,366
Provision for loan and lease credit losses	51,323	40,943	15,210
Amortization of premium on securities, net of accretion	8	3,420	6,461
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	(22,161)	27,129	24,808
Originations of loans held for sale	(877,083)	(1,042,061)	(1,364,168)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale	1,362,803	1,067,758	1,092,222
Net gains on sale of loans held for sale	(46,545)	(43,244)	(67,280)
Net loss (gain) on impairment and sale of foreclosed assets	751	(24)	(779)
Net loss (gain) on loans accounted for under fair value option	3,539	(1,046)	(4,257)
Net change in servicing assets	(22,268)	7,251	344
Net gain on sale or disposal of long lived asset	(4,411)	0	(114)
Net loss (gain) on disposal of premises and equipment	377	31	(48)
Impairment on premises and equipment, net	499	0	904
Equity method investments loss (income)	5,994	(144,250)	1,716
Equity security investments losses (gains), net	969	(3,355)	(44,752)
Renewable energy tax credit investment impairment	14,644	16,217	3,187
Stock option compensation expense	272	942	1,379
Restricted stock compensation expense	17,603	19,405	15,572
Stock based compensation excess tax (deficiency) benefit	(1,004)	531	9,340
Business combination contingent consideration fair value adjustment	125	(86)	99
Lease right-of-use assets and liabilities, net	(59)	232	(26)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Other assets	35,556	(15,889)	1,754
Other liabilities	3,970	(6,406)	350
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities	620,071	124,485	(119,717)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale	(215,595)	(397,346)	(428,246)
Proceeds from sales, maturities, calls, and principal paydowns of investment securities available-for-sale	114,145	161,227	240,093
Proceeds from SBA reimbursement/sale of foreclosed assets, net	0	1,837	6,786
Maturities of certificates of deposit with other banks	3,750	750	1,750
Loan and lease originations and principal collections, net	(1,626,084)	(1,268,871)	8,824
Proceeds from sale of long lived asset	18,588	0	8,988
Purchases of equity security investments	(3,390)	(9,283)	0
Purchases of equity method investments	(27,209)	(35,955)	0
Proceeds from sale of equity security investments	0	625	15,000
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments	7,612	148,423	0
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment	100	0	84
Purchases of premises and equipment, net	(46,839)	(43,751)	(3,082)
Net cash used by investing activities	(1,774,922)	(1,442,344)	(149,803)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase in deposits	1,390,091	1,772,884	1,399,216
Proceeds from borrowings	2,906,071	62,096	602,848
Repayment of borrowings	(2,965,920)	(297,182)	(1,826,652)
Stock option exercises	1,168	2,118	4,158
Employee stock purchase program	1,396	1,067	670
Withholding cash issued in lieu of restricted stock and other	(6,725)	(4,972)	(19,151)
Repurchase and retirement of shares	0	0	(953)
Shareholder dividend distributions	(5,326)	(5,266)	(5,186)
Net cash provided by financing activities	1,320,755	1,530,745	154,950
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	165,904	212,886	(114,570)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	416,636	203,750	318,320
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	582,540	416,636	203,750
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest paid	342,766	117,516	66,844
Income tax paid, net	5,303	24,708	19,722
Supplemental disclosures of noncash operating, investing, and financing activities
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on investment securities available-for-sale, net of taxes	7,599	(94,264)	(19,561)
Transfers from loans and leases to foreclosed real estate and other repossessions or SBA receivable	39,901	18,496	13,346
Net transfers between foreclosed real estate and SBA receivable	0	(15)	(1,643)
Transfer aircraft from premises and equipment, net to held for sale assets	30,154	0	0
Transfer of loans held for sale to loans and leases held for investment	275,408	930,612	638,696
Transfer of loans and leases held for investment to loans held for sale	617,189	468,042	338,873
Transfer from retained earnings to other assets for pro rata portion of equity method investee stock compensation expense	1,072	662	3,360
Equity method investment commitments	7,715	17,022	0
Equity security investment commitments	0	394	2,245
Change related to accounting change for ASU 2022-02	$ 676	$ 0	$ 0

Organization and Summary of Sig

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization Live Oak Bancshares, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries including Live Oak Banking Company, the “Company”) is a bank holding company headquartered in Wilmington, North Carolina incorporated under the laws of North Carolina in December 2008. The Company conducts business operations primarily through its commercial bank subsidiary, Live Oak Banking Company (the “Bank”). The Bank was organized and incorporated under the laws of the State of North Carolina on February 25, 2008 and commenced operations on May 12, 2008. The Bank has satellite sales offices across the United States. The Bank specializes in providing lending and deposit related services to small businesses nationwide. A significant portion of the loans originated by the Bank are partially guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) under the 7(a) Loan Program and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (“USDA”) Rural Energy for America Program (“REAP”), Water and Environmental Program (“WEP”), Business & Industry (“B&I”) and Community Facilities loan programs. These loans are to small businesses and professionals with what the Bank believes are lower risk characteristics. Industries, or “verticals,” on which the Bank focuses its lending efforts are carefully selected. The Bank also lends more broadly to select borrowers outside of those verticals. The Company’s wholly owned material subsidiaries are the Bank, Government Loan Solutions (“GLS”), Live Oak Grove, LLC (“Grove”), Live Oak Ventures, Inc. (“Live Oak Ventures”), and Canapi Advisors, LLC (“Canapi Advisors”). GLS is a management and technology consulting firm that advises and offers solutions and services to participants in the government guaranteed lending sector. GLS primarily provides services in connection with the settlement, accounting, and securitization processes for government guaranteed loans, including loans originated under the SBA 7(a) loan programs and USDA guaranteed loans. The Grove provides Company employees and business visitors with on-site dining. Live Oak Ventures’ purpose is investing in businesses that align with the Company's strategic initiative to be a leader in financial technology. Canapi Advisors provides investment advisory services to a series of funds focused on providing venture capital to new and emerging financial technology companies. The Bank’s wholly owned subsidiaries are Live Oak Number One, Inc., Live Oak Clean Energy Financing LLC (“LOCEF”), Live Oak Private Wealth, LLC (“Live Oak Private Wealth”) and Tiburon Land Holdings, LLC (“TLH”). Live Oak Number One, Inc. holds properties foreclosed on by the Bank. LOCEF provides financing to entities for renewable energy applications. Live Oak Private Wealth provides high-net-worth individuals and families with strategic wealth and investment management services. During the first quarter of 2022, Jolley Asset Management, LLC (“JAM”) was merged into Live Oak Private Wealth. JAM was previously a wholly owned subsidiary of Live Oak Private Wealth. TLH holds land adjacent to the Bank's headquarters consisting of wetlands and other protected property for the use and enjoyment of the Bank's employees and customers. Basis of Presentation Dollar amounts in all tables in the notes to consolidated financial statements have been presented in thousands, except percentage, time period, stock option, share and per share data. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and the Bank follow United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and general practices within the financial services industry. The following is a description of the significant accounting and reporting policies the Company follows in preparing and presenting its consolidated financial statements. The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued. Consolidation Policy The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its directly and indirectly wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company evaluates its relationships with other entities to identify whether they are a voting interest entity or variable interest entity (“VIE”). Voting interest entities are entities that generally (1) have sufficient equity to finance their activities and (2) provide the equity investors with power to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations. A voting interest entity is consolidated if the Company holds majority voting rights. The Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest in a VIE when it is the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary has both (1) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits of a VIE that could potentially be significant to a VIE. The parties that make investment and investment decisions, or parties that can unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE. The Company considers all of its economic interests in the VIE when determining whether it has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE. For details on the Company’s VIE investments refer to Note 2. Securities, “Variable Interest Entities.” Business Combinations Business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. Under the acquisition method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date are measured at their fair values as of that date, and are recognized separately from any resulting goodwill. Results of operations of the acquired entities are included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income from the date of acquisition. Any subsequent measurement-period adjustments are recorded within 12 months of the acquisition date. Business Segments Operating segments are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Management has determined that the Company has two reportable operating segments: Banking and Fintech, as discussed more fully in Note 15. Segments. Use of Estimates In preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases, valuations of loans at fair value and servicing assets. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company refined its allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) methodology for estimating probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”). Additionally, the Company began using internally calculated prepayment rates based on its historical information. These changes, based on the continued maturity of internal data, resulted in a $1.5 million increase in the ACL in the first quarter of 2023. The Company also refined its methodology for estimating its reserve on unfunded loan commitments by incorporating historical utilization rates on unused lines of credit and updating probability assumptions related to construction loan commitments. These changes resulted in a $2.4 million increase in the reserve on unfunded commitments in the first quarter of 2023. During the third quarter of 2023, the Company changed the valuation techniques used to estimate the fair value of servicing rights and loans measured at fair value as a result of rising interest rates and their impacts on market conditions. The changes include aligning our net servicing income and loan fair value estimates with changes in forward interest rate curves. Loan fair value estimates were also revised to utilize market participant credit loss information. These revisions provide estimates that the Company believes are more representative of fair value while transitioning from unobservable inputs to those that are more observable. These estimate changes were implemented as of July 1, 2023 and resulted in one-time adjustments to increase the estimated value of the servicing asset by $13.7 million and loans measured at fair value by $1.3 million. This adjustment also increased noninterest income by a corresponding $15.0 million. These refinements have been accounted for as changes in accounting estimates under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections , with prospective application beginning in the period of change. Cash and Cash Equivalents For the purpose of presentation in the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are defined as those amounts included in the balance sheet caption “cash and due from banks” and “federal funds sold.” Cash and cash equivalents have an initial maturity of three months or less. To comply with banking regulations, the Company is required to maintain certain average cash reserve balances. The daily average cash reserve requirement was suspended for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Certificates of Deposit with other Banks The certificate of deposit with other banks has a maturity of December 2024 and bears interest at a rate of 4.60%. All investments in certificates of deposit are with FDIC insured financial institutions and none exceed the maximum insurable amount of $250 thousand. Investments Debt Securities Debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and recorded at amortized cost. Securities that may be sold prior to maturity are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale investment securities, other than certain credit-related impairment losses, are excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income. The Company’s entire portfolio of debt securities is classified as available-for-sale for the periods presented. Purchase premiums and discounts on debt securities are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Gains and losses on the sales of these securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method. When debt securities are in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. Debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria are evaluated to determine whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an ACL is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in other comprehensive income. Changes in the ACL are recorded as provision for, or reversal of, credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an available-for-sale security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Management has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities from the estimate of credit losses. Securities are charged-off against the allowance or, in the absence of any allowance, written down through income when deemed uncollectible by management or when either of the aforementioned criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Equity Investments Equity investments are generally non-marketable investments and are included in the other assets line in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company generally accounts for equity investments either under the equity method or equity security accounting. Earnings impacts are reflected in the equity method investments (loss) income and equity security investments (losses) gains, net line items on the consolidated statements of income . Investments in in-substance common stock through which there is significant influence but not control over the investee are accounted for under the equity method. The determination of whether the Company has significant influence over an investee requires judgement based on the facts and circumstances of each investment including, share type, level of ownership, power to control and legal structure. Significant influence is generally presumed to exist in privately held companies where the Company owns at least 20% of voting stock, or 5% interest in limited partnerships or limited liability companies. Qualitatively, significant influence can exist through the ability to influence the investee’s operating and financial policies through board involvement or other influence. Under the equity method, the Company recognizes its proportionate share of the results of operations of the investee based on most current information available. In instances where cash distributions vary at different points and/or are not directly linked to the Company’s ownership percentage, the investee’s net income or loss is allocated using the hypothetical liquidation at book value (“HLBV”) method. Investments that do not qualify as in-substance common stock, or through which the Company is not able to exercise significant influence over the investee, are accounted for as equity securities, whereby investments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, unless those investments have no readily determinable fair value. Investments without a readily determinable fair value are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes in value resulting from observable price changes arising from orderly transactions . Management considers a range of factors when adjusting the fair value of these investments, including, but not limited to, the term and nature of the investment, market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, exit strategies, financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment and a discount for certain investments that have lock-up restrictions or other features that indicate a discount to fair value is warranted. For equity securities not accounted for at fair value, any impairment is recognized with the full charge recorded in earnings. To determine whether an equity security may be impaired, the Company considers various indicators of impairment, including, but not limited to (1) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (2) adverse market conditions and (3) bona-fide offers to purchase an equity interest in the investee below the carrying amount. Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Membership in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) requires ownership of FHLB stock. FHLB stock is restricted because it may only be sold to the FHLB and all sales must be at par. FHLB stock is carried at cost minus impairment, if any, and is recorded within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. FHLB stock was $6.8 million and $4.1 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Loans and Leases Fair Value Option Prior to 2021, management elected to account for the retained participating interests in government guaranteed loans under the fair value option. Those loans for which the fair value option were elected are measured at fair value and classified as either held for sale or held for investment, as outlined below. Not electing fair value generally results in a larger discount being recorded on the date of the sale. This discount is subsequently accreted into interest income over the underlying loan’s remaining term using the effective interest method. Management made this change of election in alignment with its ongoing effort to reduce volatility and drive more predictable revenue. In accordance with accounting standards, any loans for which fair value was previously elected continue to be measured accordingly. Interest income is recognized in the same manner on loans reported at fair value as on non-fair value loans, except in regard to origination fees and costs which are recognized immediately upon fair value election. The changes in fair value of loans are reported in noninterest income. Fair value of loans includes adjustments for historical credit losses, market liquidity, and economic conditions. Management estimates the fair value of loans accounted for under the fair value option using a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) methodology. The estimate incorporates assumptions that market participants would use to estimate fair value of similar assets such as prepayment speeds, default and severity rates, and a discount rate. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. Held for Sale Management designates loans as held for sale based on its intent to sell loans, or portions of loans, in established secondary markets or to participant banks and credit unions. Salability requirements of government guaranteed portions include, but are not limited to, full disbursement of the loan commitment amount. Loans held for sale are carried at either fair value, if the fair value option is elected, or the lower of cost or estimated fair value. Net unrealized losses, if any, on loans without a fair value election, are recognized through a valuation allowance and recorded as a charge to noninterest income. The cost basis of loans held for sale includes unamortized loan origination fees and costs. The pro-rata portion, based on the percent of the total loan sold, of the remaining deferred fees and costs are recognized as an adjustment to the gain on sale. Transfers of loans, or portions of loans that meet the definition of a participating interest are accounted for as sales on the transaction settlement date when control has been surrendered. Control is deemed surrendered when the loans have been (1) legally isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right to pledge or transfer the loans free of conditions that constrain it from using that right, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the loans through a repurchase agreement or other means. If the transfer is accounted for as a sale, the loans are derecognized from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and a gain or loss is recognized in net gains on sales of loans line item on the consolidated statements of income. The gain on sale recognized in income is the sum of the premium on the guaranteed loan and the fair value of the servicing assets recognized, less the discount recorded on the unguaranteed portion of the loan retained. If the transfer does not satisfy the aforementioned control criteria, the transaction is recorded as a secured borrowing with the transferred loans remaining on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and proceeds recognized as a liability. In accordance with SBA and USDA regulation, the Bank is required to retain 10% and 7.5% of the principal balance of any SBA 7(a) or USDA loan, respectively, comprised of unguaranteed dollars. With written consent from the SBA, the Bank may sell down to a 5% exposure comprised of unguaranteed dollars. The Company occasionally transfers loans between the held for sale and held for investment classifications based on its intent and ability to hold or sell loans. Management’s intent to sell may be impacted by secondary market conditions, loan credit quality, or other factors. The following summarizes the activity pertaining to loans held for sale for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of year $ 554,610 $ 1,116,519 Originations 877,083 1,042,061 Proceeds from sale (1,362,803) (1,067,758) Gain on sale of loans 46,545 43,244 Principal collections, net of deferred fees and costs (70,179) (116,886) Non-cash transfers, net 341,781 (462,570) Balance at end of period $ 387,037 $ 554,610 Held for Investment Loans and leases receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are classified as held for investment and generally reported at their outstanding principal amount, net of unearned income unless the fair value option has been elected. For such loans not carried at fair value, loan origination fees and direct origination costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the loan yield using the interest method. Discounts and premiums on any purchased loans are amortized to income using the interest method over the remaining period to contractual maturity, adjusted for anticipated prepayments. Interest income on loans and leases is recognized as earned on a daily accrual basis at the applicable interest rate. Loans and leases designated as held for investment include those identified as more beneficial to hold for the long term as well as the required retention amount defined by the SBA and USDA. Loans and leases held for investment also consist of certain guaranteed and unguaranteed credits including nonaccrual, non-marketable, and risk grade 5 or worse as defined by internal risk rating metrics. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Past due status of loans and leases is determined based on contractual terms. Loans and leases are placed in nonaccrual status and the accrual of interest is discontinued if they become 90 days delinquent or there is evidence that the borrower’s ability to make the required payments is not probable. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against current interest income. Loans and leases, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible. Al lowance for Credit Losses The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans and leases to present a net amount expected to be collected. The ACL is not applicable to loans held for sale and loans accounted for under the fair value option. Loans and leases are charged-off against the ACL when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan or lease balance is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off. The Company’s ACL on loans and leases is estimated using relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. As a result, the impact of loss mitigation strategies, such as loan modifications and restructurings, are captured in the estimates of LGD and PD. The Company’s historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. The ACL is measured on a pooled basis using a quantitative modeling process when similar risk characteristics are present in the portfolio. The Company has identified pools based on industry, which aggregates into divisions, and whether the receivable is secured by real estate or another form of collateral. Additional information related to the portfolio segments can be found in Note 3. Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality. Expected credit losses for pooled loans and leases are estimated using a DCF methodology for each loan which incorporates measurements of PD, LGD, prepayments, the estimated outstanding exposure at default (“EAD”), and the effective interest rate (“EIR”). PD rates are calculated using the number of defaults divided by the number of loans available to default for 1-year observation periods over the lifetime of data available for a certain pool. LGD rates are calculated by dividing the lifetime net charge-offs for each pool by the pool’s average outstanding balance. PD and LGD rates are adjusted for forecasted national unemployment rates during a reasonable and supportable forecast period. Management has determined that four quarters represents a reasonable and supportable forecast period and adjusted loss rates revert back to a historical loss rate over four quarters on a straight-line basis. Expected losses are calculated as the product of PD, LGD, and EAD. Expected losses are discounted using the loan or lease EIR, adjusted for prepayments. Management adjusts historical loss information for differences in current risk characteristics that are not considered within the quantitative modeling processes but are relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within the loan and lease pools. These qualitative factor adjustments generally increase management’s estimate of expected credit losses based upon the estimated level of risk. The various risk factors considered in qualitative adjustments include risk grading, delinquency levels, pool age, portfolio mix and growth rates, and the status of servicing efforts which may be impacted by natural disasters or health pandemics. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. Loans or leases that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the pooled evaluation. This generally occurs when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all interest and principal payments due according to the originally contracted, or reasonably modified, terms of the loan or lease agreement. The Company has determined that loans and leases meeting the criteria defined below must be reviewed quarterly to determine if they should be evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis. • All commercial loans and leases classified substandard or worse. • Any loan or lease that is on nonaccrual, or any loan or lease that is delinquent greater than 90 days past due and still accruing interest. • Prior to January 1, 2023, any loan or lease that was restructured with an interest rate concession and met the definition of a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). The Company estimates reserves on individually evaluated loans and leases using a DCF methodology or through the evaluation of collateral values. During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, management updated the Company’s policy for estimating expected credit losses on certain relationships that would otherwise meet the criteria for individual evaluation. Relationships with unguaranteed exposure of less than $250 thousand are now collectively evaluated using an average of loss rates applied to individually evaluated relationships with unguaranteed exposure between $250 thousand and $1.0 million. The impact of this change on the ACL was not considered material. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loan or lease, adjusted for expected prepayments when appropriate. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications unless management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting date that a modification will be executed with an individual borrower or the extension or renewal options are included in the contract at the reporting date and are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company. When the ACL, for pooled or individually evaluated loans and leases, is estimated using the DCF method, the EIR used to discount expected cash flows is adjusted for expected prepayments. When management determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. Allowance for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures Expected credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is estimated over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to such losses, unless the obligation to extend credit is unconditionally cancellable. The estimate of off-balance sheet credit exposures includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated losses. The estimate is influenced by historical loss experience, adjusted for current risk characteristics, and economic forecasts. The balance of the allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures was $4.8 million and $1.5 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is recorded in other expense in the consolidated statements of income and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Equipment Leasing The Company may purchase new equipment for the purpose of leasing such equipment to customers within its verticals. Equipment purchased to fulfill commitments to commercial renewable energy projects is leased out under operating leases while leases of equipment outside of the renewable energy vertical are generally direct financing leases. Accordingly, leased assets under operating leases are included in premises and equipment while leased assets under direct financing leases are included in loans and leases held for investment in the consolidated balance sheets. Direct Financing Leases Interest income on direct financing leases is recognized when earned. Unearned interest is recognized over the lease term on a basis which results in a constant rate of return on the unrecovered lease investment. The term of each lease is generally 3-7 years which is consistent with the useful life of the equipment with no residual value. The Company records expected credit losses on direct finance leases within the ACL. Operating Leases The term of each operating lease is generally 10 to 15 years. The Company retains ownership of the equipment and associated tax benefits such as investment tax credits and accelerated depreciation. At the end of the lease term, the lessee has the option to renew the lease for two additional terms or purchase the equipment at the then-current fair market value. Rental revenue from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated to an estimated residual value on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. The useful lives generally range from 20 to 25 years and residual values generally range from 20% to 50%, however, they are subject to periodic evaluation. Changes in useful lives or residual values will impact depreciation expense and any gain or loss from the sale of used equipment. The estimated useful lives and residual values of the Company's leasing equipment are based on industry disposal experience and the Company's expectations for future sale prices. If the Company decides to sell or otherwise dispose of rental equipment, it is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell or dispose. Repair and maintenance costs that do not extend the lives of the rental equipment are charged to direct operating expenses at the time the costs are incurred. The Company evaluates the carrying value of rental equipment for impairment whenever events or circumstances have occurred that would indicate the carrying a

Securities

Securities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Securities	Securities Available-for-Sale The carrying amount of securities and their approximate fair values are reflected in the following table: December 31, 2023 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair U.S. government agencies $ 17,809 $ 2 $ 282 $ 17,529 Mortgage-backed securities 1,216,624 466 111,498 1,105,592 Municipal bonds 3,200 — 161 3,039 Total $ 1,237,633 $ 468 $ 111,941 $ 1,126,160 December 31, 2022 U.S. government agencies $ 16,080 $ — $ 412 $ 15,668 Mortgage-backed securities 1,116,387 270 121,083 995,574 Municipal bonds 3,223 — 246 2,977 Other debt securities 500 — — 500 Total $ 1,136,190 $ 270 $ 121,741 $ 1,014,719 During the year ended December 31, 2023, three securities totaling $13.0 million were called and four securities totaling $7.0 million were settled. During the year ended December 31, 2022, two securities totaling $7.5 million matured and twenty securities totaling $36.5 million were settled. During the year ended December 31, 2021, one security totaling $5.0 million matured and twelve securities totaling $33.1 million were settled. The following tables show debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position. Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total December 31, 2023 Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized U.S. government agencies $ — $ — $ 15,057 $ 282 $ 15,057 $ 282 Mortgage-backed securities 138,823 3,431 886,699 108,067 1,025,522 111,498 Municipal bonds — — 3,039 161 3,039 161 Total $ 138,823 $ 3,431 $ 904,795 $ 108,510 $ 1,043,618 $ 111,941 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total December 31, 2022 Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized U.S. government agencies $ 15,668 $ 412 $ — $ — $ 15,668 $ 412 Mortgage-backed securities 513,639 29,060 456,972 92,023 970,611 121,083 Municipal bonds 2,884 241 93 5 2,977 246 Total $ 532,191 $ 29,713 $ 457,065 $ 92,028 $ 989,256 $ 121,741 At December 31, 2023, there were 409 mortgage-backed securities, five U.S. government agencies and two municipal bonds in unrealized loss positions for greater than 12 months. There were 27 mortgage-backed securities in unrealized loss positions for less than 12 months. Unrealized losses at December 31, 2022 consisted of 185 mortgage-backed securities and one municipal bond for greater than 12 months. There were 236 mortgage-backed securities, five U.S. government agencies, and one municipal bond in unrealized loss positions for less than 12 months. These unrealized losses are primarily the result of non-credit-related volatility in the market and market interest rates. Since none of the unrealized losses relate to the issuer’s ability to honor redemption obligations, and the Company does not intend to sell the related securities and does not believe it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the securities before recovery of amortized cost, none of the losses have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of income. All mortgage-backed securities in the Company’s portfolio at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were backed by U.S. government sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”). The following is a summary of investment securities by maturity: December 31, 2023 Available-for-sale Amortized Cost Fair Value U.S. government agencies Within one year $ 3,000 $ 2,976 One to five years 12,430 12,218 Five to ten years 2,379 2,335 Total 17,809 17,529 Mortgage-backed securities Within one year 12,358 12,319 One to five years 179,740 170,908 Five to ten years 240,665 216,013 After 10 years 783,861 706,352 Total 1,216,624 1,105,592 Municipal bonds Five to ten years 3,103 2,954 After 10 years 97 85 Total 3,200 3,039 Total $ 1,237,633 $ 1,126,160 The table above reflects contractual maturities. Actual results will differ as the loans underlying the mortgage-backed securities may repay sooner than scheduled. There were no investment securities pledged at December 31, 2023 or 2022. Equity Investments Equity investments, largely comprised of non-marketable equity investments, are generally accounted for under either the equity method or equity security accounting. The below tables provide additional information related to investments accounted for under these two methods. Equity Method Accounting The carrying amount and ownership percentage of each equity method investment at December 31, 2023 and 2022 is reflected in the following table: 2023 2022 Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % Apiture, Inc. $ 60,682 40.4 % $ 60,320 40.3 % Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund, LP (1) (5) (8) 18,190 2.9 19,246 2.9 Canapi Ventures Fund, LP (2) (5) (9) 2,267 1.5 2,382 1.5 Canapi Ventures Fund II, LP (3) (5) (9) 7,232 1.6 7,412 1.6 Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund II, LP (4) (5) (8) 7,611 2.9 7,981 3.7 Other investments in fintech private companies (6) — — 241 4.3 Other (7) (8) 22,932 Various 12,476 Various Total $ 118,914 $ 110,058 (1) Includes unfunded commitments of $5.0 million and $5.5 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (2) Includes unfunded commitments of $559 thousand and $617 thousand as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (3) Includes unfunded commitments of $6.3 million and $6.9 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (4) Includes unfunded commitments of $7.1 million and $7.5 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (5) Investee is accounted for under equity method due to the Company's participation as an investment advisor. (6) As of December 31, 2022, Other Fintech investments included Kwipped, Inc. As of December 31, 2023, the investment has been moved to equity security as the preferred shares do not qualify as in-substance common stock. (7) As of December 31, 2023, Other investments include low income housing tax credit (“LIHTC”) in Estrella Landing Apartments, LLC (“Estrella Landing”), in which the company holds a 99.9% limited member interest. Also included in Other investments are solar income tax credit investments in Green Sun Tenant, LLC (“Green Sun”), SVA 2021-2 TE Holdco, LLC (“Sun Vest”), EG5 CSP1 Holding, LLC (“HEP”) and HRE MM I, LLC (“Heelstone”), which the Company holds a 99.0% limited member interest in all investments. Also included are Cape Fear Collective Impact Opportunity 1, LLC (“Cape Fear Collective”), Cape Fear Collective Impact Opportunity 2, LLC (“Cape Fear Collective 2”) and OTR Fund I, LLC (“OTR”) which the Company holds 91.0%, 32.3%, and 11.5% of limited member interests, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, there was an unfunded commitment of $7.7 million for Estrella Landing. As of December 31, 2022, Other investments include Green Sun, Sun Vest, and HEP, which the Company holds a 99.0% limited member interest in all investments. Also included within Other investments are Cape Fear Collective and Cape Fear Collective 2, which the Company holds 99.0% and 32.3% of limited member interests, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 an unfunded commitment of $2.6 million was recorded as a liability for HEP, and as of December 31, 2023, this commitment has been funded. Managing control of the above investments resides with the managing members. (8) Investments reported in Banking segment. (9) Investments reported in Other segment. Equity Security Accounting The carrying amount of the Company’s investments in non-marketable equity securities with no readily determinable fair value and amounts recognized in earnings on a cumulative basis as of December 31, 2023 and for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 is reflected in the following table: Cumulative Adjustments 2023 2022 2021 Carrying value (1) $ 77,825 $ 76,438 $ 63,321 Carrying value adjustments: Impairment $ — — — — Upward changes for observable prices (2) 50,492 — 2,022 30,197 Downward changes for observable prices (1,610) (1,524) — — Net upward (downward) change $ 48,882 $ (1,524) $ 2,022 $ 30,197 (1) Includes $2.3 million, $3.0 million and $2.8 million in unfunded commitments for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. (2) Cumulative adjustments excludes $13.9 million in realized cash gains for the sale of an investment in the second quarter of 2021. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized unrealized (losses) gains on all equity securities still held at the reporting date of $(1.5) million, $1.9 million, and $44.0 million, respectively. Variable Interest Entities Variable interests are defined as contractual ownership or other interests in an entity that change with fluctuations in the fair value of an entity's net asset value. The primary beneficiary consolidates the VIE. The primary beneficiary is defined as the enterprise that has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be significant to the VIE. Solar Renewable Energy Tax Credit Investments The Company has equity interests in several limited liability companies that own and operate solar renewable energy projects which are accounted for as equity method investments. Over the course of the investments, the Company will receive federal and state tax credits, tax-related benefits, and excess cash available for distribution, if any. The Company may be called to sell its interest in the limited partnerships through a call option once all investment tax credits have been recognized. Affordable Housing The Company has an equity investment in a limited liability company LIHTC that qualifies as an affordable housing project, managed by an unrelated general partner. The Company accounts for the investment under the proportional amortization method. Under this method an entity amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the net investment performance as a component of income tax expense. The Company also has equity interests in two limited liability companies that invest in the acquisition, rehabilitation, or new construction of local qualified housing projects which are accounted for as equity method investments . Canapi Funds The Company’s limited partnership investments in the Canapi Funds focus on providing venture capital to new and emerging financial technology companies. After initial commitment and over the course of the investment period, the Company will make capital contributions and receive profit and return of capital distributions as a result of fund performance until the funds wind down. Non-marketable and Other Equity Investments The Company also has limited interests in several non-marketable funds, including Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) and venture capital funds, which are accounted for as equity security investments. After the initial commitment and over the course of the investment period, the Company will make capital contributions and receive profit and return of capital distributions as a result of fund performance until the funds wind down. While the partnership agreements allow the Company to remove the general partner, this right is not deemed to be substantive as the general partner can only be removed for cause. All investments are generally non-redeemable and distributions are expected to be received through the liquidation of the underlying investments throughout the life of the investment fund. Investments may only be sold or transferred subject to the notice and approval provisions of the underlying investment agreement. The above investments meet the criteria of a VIE, however, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the entities, as it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities. The Company’s investment in the unconsolidated VIEs are carried in other assets and the Company’s unfunded capital and other commitments related to the unconsolidated VIEs are carried in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from unconsolidated VIEs includes the investment recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. For solar tax credit investments, the balance sheet figures are net of any impairment recognized, and includes previously recorded tax credits which remain subject to recapture by taxing authorities based on compliance features required to be met at the project level. While the Company believes the potential for loss from these investments is remote, the maximum exposure for solar tax credit investments was determined by assuming a scenario where related tax credits were recaptured. The following table provides a summary of the VIEs that the Company has not consolidated as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Maximum Exposure to Loss Liability Recognized Classification Solar tax credit investments $ 6,714 $ 38,228 $ — Other assets (1) Affordable housing 15,611 15,611 7,715 Other assets & other liabilities (2) Canapi Funds 35,300 35,300 18,930 Other assets & other liabilities Non-marketable and other equity investments 8,840 8,840 2,321 Other assets & other liabilities December 31, 2022 Carrying Amount Maximum Exposure to Loss Liability Recognized Classification Solar tax credit investments $ 5,221 $ 24,295 $ 2,641 Other assets & other liabilities (3) Affordable housing 7,255 7,255 — Other assets Canapi Funds 37,021 37,021 20,474 Other assets & other liabilities Non-marketable and other equity investments 8,509 8,509 3,033 Other assets & other liabilities (1) Maximum exposure to loss represents $6.7 million of current investments and a scenario in which $31.5 million in related tax credits are recaptured. (2) Maximum exposure to loss represents $15.6 million of investments. As there are no tax credits allocated in the current year, there is no increase to the maximum exposure to loss related to recaptured tax credits on the $8.8 million LIHTC investment. (3) Maximum exposure to loss represents $5.2 million of current investments and a scenario in which related tax credits are recaptured, collectively totaling $19.1 million.

Loans and Leases Held for Inves

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]
Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality	Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality Loan and Lease Portfolio Segments & Classes The following describes the risk characteristics relevant to each of the portfolio segments. Commercial and Industrial Commercial and industrial loans (“C&I”) receive similar underwriting treatment as commercial real estate loans in that the repayment source is analyzed to determine its ability to meet cash flow coverage requirements as set forth by Bank policies. Repayment of the Bank’s C&I loans generally comes from the generation of cash flow as the result of the borrower’s business operations. This business cycle itself brings a certain level of risk to the portfolio. In some instances, these loans may carry a higher degree of risk due to a variety of reasons – illiquid collateral, specialized equipment, highly depreciable assets, uncollectable accounts receivable, revolving balances, or simply being unsecured. As a result of these characteristics, the government guarantee on these loans, when applicable, is an important factor in mitigating risk. The Bank’s lease portfolio is included in the C&I segment. Construction and Development Construction and development loans are for the purpose of acquisition and development of land to be improved through the construction of commercial buildings. Such loans are usually paid off through the conversion to permanent financing for the long-term benefit of the borrower’s ongoing operations. At the completion of the project, if the loan is converted to permanent financing or if scheduled loan amortization begins, it is then reclassified to the Commercial Real Estate segment. Underwriting of construction and development loans typically includes analysis of not only the borrower’s financial condition and ability to meet the required debt obligations, but also the general market conditions associated with the area and type of project being funded. Commercial Real Estate Commercial real estate loans are extensions of credit secured by owner occupied and non-owner occupied collateral. Underwriting generally involves intensive analysis of the financial strength of the borrower and guarantor, liquidation value of the subject collateral, and any available secondary sources of repayment, with the greatest emphasis given to a borrower’s capacity to meet cash flow coverage requirements as set forth by Bank policies. Such repayment of owner occupied loans is commonly derived from the successful ongoing operations of the business occupying the property. These typically include small businesses and professional practices. Commercial real estate loans may also include government guaranteed loans secured by collateral in the form of residential real estate. Repayment of such loans generally comes from the generation of cash flow as the result of the borrower’s business operations. Commercial Land Commercial land loans are extensions of credit secured by farmland. Such loans are often for land improvements related to agricultural endeavors that may include construction of new specialized facilities. These loans are usually repaid through the conversion to permanent financing, or if scheduled loan amortization begins, for the long-term benefit of the borrower’s ongoing operations. Underwriting generally involves intensive analysis of the financial strength of the borrower and guarantor, liquidation value of the subject collateral, and any available secondary sources of repayment, with the greatest emphasis given to a borrower’s capacity to meet cash flow coverage requirements as set forth by Bank policies. The loan and lease portfolio is further grouped into one of the following classes (also referred to as divisions): Small Business Banking, Specialty Lending, Energy & Infrastructure (“E&I”), or Paycheck Protection Program. Small Business Banking includes loans to customers in verticals that generally have traditional loan structures. Specialty Lending includes loans to customers in verticals that generally have atypical ownership structures as well as complex collateral arrangements, underwriting requirements, and servicing needs. E&I includes loans to customers that operate renewable energy projects, lodging facilities, and municipalities. E&I loans often utilize USDA or tax-exempt loan structures. Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) includes all loans originated under the PPP pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act’s (“CARES Act”) economic relief program and carry a 100% government guarantee. These loans and lease classes were determined based on industry risk characteristics and management’s method for monitoring credit risk and managing those lending divisions. Past Due Loans and Leases Loans and leases are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans and leases less than 30 days past due and accruing are included within current loans and leases shown below. The following tables show an age analysis of past due loans and leases as of the dates presented. December 31, 2023 Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due 30-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Total Carried at Amortized Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option (1) Total Loans and Leases Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 2,075,227 $ 16,570 $ 33,366 $ 49,936 $ 2,125,163 $ 151,887 $ 2,277,050 Specialty Lending 1,131,493 — — — 1,131,493 7,829 1,139,322 Energy & Infrastructure 842,907 2,806 4,044 6,850 849,757 46,185 895,942 Paycheck Protection Program 5,595 — — — 5,595 — 5,595 Total 4,055,222 19,376 37,410 56,786 4,112,008 205,901 4,317,909 Construction & Development Small Business Banking 413,349 1,745 — 1,745 415,094 — 415,094 Specialty Lending 47,419 — — — 47,419 — 47,419 Energy & Infrastructure 7,541 — — — 7,541 — 7,541 Total 468,309 1,745 — 1,745 470,054 — 470,054 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 2,414,677 18,589 32,310 50,899 2,465,576 127,358 2,592,934 Specialty Lending 511,712 — 12,032 12,032 523,744 — 523,744 Energy & Infrastructure 158,613 — 3,072 3,072 161,685 17,751 179,436 Total 3,085,002 18,589 47,414 66,003 3,151,005 145,109 3,296,114 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 531,331 1,521 1,910 3,431 534,762 37,026 571,788 Total 531,331 1,521 1,910 3,431 534,762 37,026 571,788 Total $ 8,139,864 $ 41,231 $ 86,734 $ 127,965 $ 8,267,829 $ 388,036 $ 8,655,865 Retained Loan Discount and Net Deferred Costs $ (22,018) Loan and Leases, Net $ 8,633,847 Guaranteed Balance $ 2,877,105 $ 29,183 $ 61,107 $ 90,290 $ 2,967,395 $ 66,299 $ 3,033,694 % Guaranteed 35.3% 70.8% 70.5% 70.6% 35.9% 17.1% 35.0% December 31, 2022 Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Total Carried at Amortized Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option (1) Total Loans and Leases Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 1,987,508 $ 21,987 $ 16,487 $ 38,474 $ 2,025,982 $ 195,856 $ 2,221,838 Specialty Lending 754,272 — — — 754,272 15,576 769,848 Energy & Infrastructure 420,447 — 3,082 3,082 423,529 50,094 473,623 Paycheck Protection Program 13,134 — — — 13,134 — 13,134 Total 3,175,361 21,987 19,569 41,556 3,216,917 261,526 3,478,443 Construction & Development Small Business Banking 471,243 1,500 — 1,500 472,743 — 472,743 Specialty Lending 104,069 — — — 104,069 — 104,069 Energy & Infrastructure 13,753 — — — 13,753 — 13,753 Total 589,065 1,500 — 1,500 590,565 — 590,565 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 2,149,662 12,082 5,771 17,853 2,167,515 168,409 2,335,924 Specialty Lending 306,785 — — — 306,785 236 307,021 Energy & Infrastructure 136,706 — 3,072 3,072 139,778 22,123 161,901 Total 2,593,153 12,082 8,843 20,925 2,614,078 190,768 2,804,846 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 429,014 1,663 1,917 3,580 432,594 42,164 474,758 Total 429,014 1,663 1,917 3,580 432,594 42,164 474,758 Total $ 6,786,593 $ 37,232 $ 30,329 $ 67,561 $ 6,854,154 $ 494,458 $ 7,348,612 Retained Loan Discount and Net Deferred Costs $ (4,434) Loan and Leases, Net $ 7,344,178 Guaranteed Balance $ 2,657,770 $ 20,199 $ 26,026 $ 46,225 $ 2,703,995 $ 67,268 $ 2,771,263 % Guaranteed 39.2% 54.3% 85.8% 68.4% 39.5% 13.6% 37.7% (1) Retained portions of government guaranteed loans sold prior to January 1, 2021 are carried at fair value under FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments: Overall. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. Credit Quality Indicators The Bank uses internal loan and lease reviews to assess the performance of individual loans and leases. Each loan and lease is assigned a risk grade during the origination and closing process. Subsequent to origination, loans and lease risk grades are continually evaluated as information becomes available. The Bank performs an annual review of each borrower’s financial performance to validate the accuracy of the assigned risk grade. Additionally, the loan and lease portfolio is subject to annual independent review by an external firm. The Bank uses a grading system to rank the quality of each loan and lease. The grade is periodically evaluated and adjusted as performance dictates. Loan and lease grades 1 through 4 are passing grades and grade 5 is special mention. Collectively, grades 6 through 8 represent classified loans and leases in the Bank’s portfolio. The following guidelines govern the assignment of these risk grades: Exceptional (1 Rated): These loans and leases are of the highest quality, with strong, well-documented sources of repayment. These loans and leases will typically have multiple demonstrated sources of repayment with no significant identifiable risk to collection, exhibit well-qualified management, and have liquid financial statements relative to both direct and indirect obligations. Quality (2 Rated): These loans and leases are of very high credit quality, with strong, well-documented sources of repayment. These loans and leases exhibit very strong, well defined primary and secondary sources of repayment, with no significant identifiable risk of collection and have internally generated cash flow that more than adequately covers current maturities of long-term debt. Satisfactory (3 Rated): These loans and leases exhibit satisfactory credit risk and have excellent sources of repayment, with no significant identifiable risk of collection. These loans and leases have documented historical cash flow that meets or exceeds required minimum Bank guidelines, or that can be supplemented with verifiable cash flow from other sources. They have adequate secondary sources to liquidate the debt, including combinations of liquidity, liquidation of collateral, or liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or guarantor. Acceptable (4 Rated): These loans and leases show signs of weakness in either adequate sources of repayment or collateral but have demonstrated mitigating factors that minimize the risk of delinquency or loss. These loans and leases may have unproved, insufficient or marginal primary sources of repayment that appear sufficient to service the debt at this time. Repayment weaknesses may be due to minor operational issues, financial trends, or reliance on projected performance. They may also contain marginal or unproven secondary sources to liquidate the debt, including combinations of liquidation of collateral and liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or guarantor. Special mention (5 Rated): These loans and leases show signs of weaknesses in either adequate sources of repayment or collateral. These loans and leases may contain underwriting guideline tolerances and/or exceptions with no mitigating factors; and/or instances where adverse economic conditions develop subsequent to origination that do not jeopardize liquidation of the debt but substantially increase the level of risk. Substandard (6 Rated): Loans and leases graded Substandard are inadequately protected by current sound net worth, paying capacity of the obligor, or pledged collateral. Loans and leases classified as Substandard must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt; are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These loans and leases are consistently not meeting the repayment schedule. Doubtful (7 Rated): Loans and leases graded Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, plus the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. The ability of the borrower to service the debt is extremely weak, overdue status is constant, the debt has been placed on non-accrual status, and no definite repayment schedule exists. Once the loss position is determined, the amount is charged off. Loss (8 Rated): Loss rated loans and leases are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this credit even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. The following tables present credit quality indicators by portfolio class: Term Loans and Leases Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total (1) Small Business Banking Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 990,349 $ 1,470,824 $ 1,255,664 $ 660,926 $ 363,377 $ 296,132 $ 63,963 $ 11,047 $ 5,112,282 Risk Grade 5 7,744 72,913 60,115 37,390 42,095 50,705 7,174 1,407 279,543 Risk Grades 6 - 8 2,286 31,487 29,636 35,611 18,429 28,700 2,621 — 148,770 Total 1,000,379 1,575,224 1,345,415 733,927 423,901 375,537 73,758 12,454 5,540,595 Specialty Lending Risk Grades 1 - 4 640,596 337,880 226,170 21,286 9,103 112 210,460 58,441 1,504,048 Risk Grade 5 8,858 52,767 35,453 43,080 9,223 — 20,547 5,417 175,345 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — — 12,032 — — — 7,203 4,028 23,263 Total 649,454 390,647 273,655 64,366 18,326 112 238,210 67,886 1,702,656 Energy & Infrastructure Risk Grades 1 - 4 386,421 223,309 120,917 41,919 50,035 23,308 14,818 — 860,727 Risk Grade 5 — — 104,371 13,485 7,827 18,627 — — 144,310 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — 4,024 6,303 3,619 — — — — 13,946 Total 386,421 227,333 231,591 59,023 57,862 41,935 14,818 — 1,018,983 Paycheck Protection Program Risk Grades 1 - 4 — — 2,831 2,764 — — — — 5,595 Total — — 2,831 2,764 — — — — 5,595 Total $ 2,036,254 $ 2,193,204 $ 1,853,492 $ 860,080 $ 500,089 $ 417,584 $ 326,786 $ 80,340 $ 8,267,829 Year-To-Date Small Business Banking $ — $ 5,621 $ 6,435 $ 1,058 $ 1,225 $ 525 $ 1,097 $ — $ 15,961 Specialty Lending — — — — — — 7,966 — 7,966 Total $ — $ 5,621 $ 6,435 $ 1,058 $ 1,225 $ 525 $ 9,063 $ — $ 23,927 Term Loans and Leases Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total (1) Small Business Banking Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 1,499,309 $ 1,490,346 $ 857,380 $ 438,907 $ 224,199 $ 204,933 $ 75,005 $ 1,773 $ 4,791,852 Risk Grade 5 15,942 22,295 45,541 46,655 30,523 27,212 15,549 452 204,169 Risk Grades 6 - 8 1,806 8,777 18,261 29,047 14,260 27,215 2,688 759 102,813 Total 1,517,057 1,521,418 921,182 514,609 268,982 259,360 93,242 2,984 5,098,834 Specialty Lending Risk Grades 1 - 4 562,952 266,165 82,812 13,343 268 788 143,512 31,469 1,101,309 Risk Grade 5 7,341 28,722 6,990 9,258 — — 4,280 — 56,591 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — 6,933 — — — — 293 — 7,226 Total 570,293 301,820 89,802 22,601 268 788 148,085 31,469 1,165,126 Energy & Infrastructure Risk Grades 1 - 4 199,338 176,855 39,600 51,190 23,374 19,694 12,751 351 523,153 Risk Grade 5 4,024 4,409 500 6,976 4,706 5,142 — — 25,757 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — 3,082 16,589 — 8,479 — — — 28,150 Total 203,362 184,346 56,689 58,166 36,559 24,836 12,751 351 577,060 Paycheck Protection Program Risk Grades 1 - 4 — 7,421 5,713 — — — — — 13,134 Total — 7,421 5,713 — — — — — 13,134 Total $ 2,290,712 $ 2,015,005 $ 1,073,386 $ 595,376 $ 305,809 $ 284,984 $ 254,078 $ 34,804 $ 6,854,154 (1) Excludes $388.0 million and $494.5 million of loans accounted for under the fair value option as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following tables present guaranteed and unguaranteed loan and lease balances by asset quality indicator: December 31, 2023 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance % Guaranteed Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 7,482,652 $ 2,622,558 $ 4,860,094 35.0 % Risk Grade 5 599,198 234,845 364,353 39.2 Risk Grades 6 - 8 185,979 109,992 75,987 59.1 Total $ 8,267,829 $ 2,967,395 $ 5,300,434 35.9 % December 31, 2022 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance % Guaranteed Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 6,429,448 $ 2,508,229 $ 3,921,219 39.0 % Risk Grade 5 286,517 115,573 170,944 40.3 Risk Grades 6 - 8 138,189 80,193 57,996 58.0 Total $ 6,854,154 $ 2,703,995 $ 4,150,159 39.5 % (1) Excludes $388.0 million and $494.5 million of loans accounted for under the fair value option as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Nonaccrual Loans and Leases As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 there were no loans greater than 90 days past due and still accruing. There was no interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans and leases during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Nonaccrual loans and leases are generally included in the held for investment portfolio. Accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $63.5 million and $46.5 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is included in other assets Nonaccrual loans and leases as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows: December 31, 2023 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 47,558 $ 39,018 $ 8,540 $ 407 Energy & Infrastructure 6,850 2,794 4,056 2,546 Total 54,408 41,812 12,596 2,953 Construction & Development Small Business Banking 1,745 1,309 436 — Total 1,745 1,309 436 — Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 57,140 44,426 12,714 8,199 Specialty Lending 12,032 — 12,032 12,032 Energy & Infrastructure 3,072 2,799 273 — Total 72,244 47,225 25,019 20,231 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 6,566 5,332 1,234 194 Total 6,566 5,332 1,234 194 Total $ 134,963 $ 95,678 $ 39,285 $ 23,378 December 31, 2022 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 25,968 $ 19,686 $ 6,282 $ 407 Energy & Infrastructure 3,082 2,794 288 288 Total 29,050 22,480 6,570 695 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 34,520 23,830 10,690 3,611 Energy & Infrastructure 3,072 2,799 273 — Total 37,592 26,629 10,963 3,611 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 6,750 5,499 1,251 196 Total 6,750 5,499 1,251 196 Total $ 73,392 $ 54,608 $ 18,784 $ 4,502 (1) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. When a loan or lease is placed on nonaccrual status, any accrued interest is reversed from loan interest income. The following table summarizes the amount of accrued interest reversed during the periods presented: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Commercial & Industrial $ 2,212 $ 619 Commercial Real Estate 1,041 833 Commercial Land — 127 Construction & Development 56 — Total $ 3,309 $ 1,579 The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans and leases which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: Total Collateral-Dependent Loans Unguaranteed Portion December 31, 2023 Real Estate Business Assets Other Real Estate Business Assets Other Allowance for Credit Losses Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 2,737 $ 2,426 $ — $ 421 $ 547 $ — $ 277 Specialty Lending — 4,711 — — 4,711 — — Energy & Infrastructure — 3,022 — — 227 — — Total 2,737 10,159 — 421 5,485 — 277 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 21,211 — — 6,298 — — — Total 21,211 — — 6,298 — — — Commercial Land Small Business Banking 1,735 — — 200 — — — Total 1,735 — — 200 — — — Total $ 25,683 $ 10,159 $ — $ 6,919 $ 5,485 $ — $ 277 Total Collateral-Dependent Loans Unguaranteed Portion December 31, 2022 Real Estate Business Assets Other Real Estate Business Assets Other Allowance for Credit Losses Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 2,730 $ 371 $ — $ 414 $ 371 $ — $ 291 Energy & Infrastructure 16,378 — — 13,583 — — — Total 19,108 371 — 13,997 371 — 291 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 15,286 — — 6,440 — — 152 Total 15,286 — — 6,440 — — 152 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 1,743 — — 202 — — — Total 1,743 — — 202 — — — Total $ 36,137 $ 371 $ — $ 20,639 $ 371 $ — $ 443 Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans and Leases The Company maintains the ACL at levels management believes represents the future expected credit losses in the loan and lease portfolios as of the balance sheet date. See Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for a description of the methodologies used to estimate credit losses. The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses for the periods presented: Commercial & Industrial Construction & Development Commercial Real Estate Commercial Land Total December 31, 2023 Beginning Balance $ 64,995 $ 5,101 $ 22,901 $ 3,569 $ 96,566 Adoption of ASU 2022-02 (25) (166) (83) (402) (676) Charge offs (22,510) — (1,417) — (23,927) Recoveries 839 — 1,715 — 2,554 Provision 44,282 (218) 5,748 1,511 51,323 Ending Balance $ 87,581 $ 4,717 $ 28,864 $ 4,678 $ 125,840 December 31, 2022 Beginning Balance $ 37,770 $ 3,435 $ 19,068 $ 3,311 $ 63,584 Charge offs (8,262) — (1,463) (652) (10,377) Recoveries 1,039 3 1,363 11 2,416 Provision 34,448 1,663 3,933 899 40,943 Ending Balance $ 64,995 $ 5,101 $ 22,901 $ 3,569 $ 96,566 December 31, 2021 Beginning Balance $ 26,941 $ 5,663 $ 18,148 $ 1,554 $ 52,306 Charge offs (2,912) (262) (2,731) (12) (5,917) Recoveries 172 — 1,813 — 1,985 Provision 13,569 (1,966) 1,838 1,769 15,210 Ending Balance $ 37,770 $ 3,435 $ 19,068 $ 3,311 $ 63,584 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the ACL increased primarily as a result of loan growth and charge-off related impacts. Additionally, during the first quarter of 2023, certain assumptions were refined, drawing more heavily on internal data, in the calculations of PD, LGD and prepayment rates. Loss rates are adjusted for twelve month forecasted unemployment followed by a twelve-month straight-line reversion period. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the ACL increased primarily as a result of loan growth, charge-off experience impacts and changes in the macroeconomic outlook. Loss rates are adjusted for twelve month forecasted unemployment followed by a twelve-month straight-line reversion period. During the year ended December 31, 2021, increases to the ACL were primarily related to loan growth which has outpaced the improvement in forecasted unemployment rates and other conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Unemployment rates were forecasted for twelve months followed by a twelve-month straight-line reversion period. Additionally, the provision expense was impacted by net charge-offs during the period . Loan Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The Company may agree to modify the contractual terms of a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty as a part of ongoing loss mitigation strategies. These modifications may result in an interest rate reduction, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, or a combination thereof. The Company typically does not offer principal forgiveness. The following tables summarize the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified during the periods presented. Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 Other-Than-Insignificant Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Combination - Term Extension & Payment Delay % of Total Class of Small Business Banking $ 10,090 $ 5,127 $ 3,330 $ 361 0.3 % Specialty Lending — 708 — 4,133 0.3 Energy & Infrastructure — 13,485 — — 1.4 Total $ 10,090 $ 19,320 $ 3,330 $ 4,494 2.0 % As of December 31, 2023, the Company had commitments to lend additional funds to these borrowers totaling $1.2 million. The following table presents an aging analysis of loans that were modified on or after January 1, 2023, the date the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, through December 31, 2023. Current 30-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Small Business Banking $ 18,908 $ — $ — $ — Specialty Lending 4,841 — — — Energy & Infrastructure 13,485 — — — Total $ 37,234 $ — $ — $ — The following tables summarize the financial impacts of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods presented. Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 Weighted Average Weighted Average Small Business Banking 1.41 % 67 Specialty Lending — 67 Energy & Infrastructure — 15 There were no loans that were modified on or after January 1, 2023, the date the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, through December 31, 2023 that subsequently defaulted during the periods presented. The Company’s ACL is estimated using lifetime historical loan performance adjusted to reflect current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Upon determination that a modified loan, or portion of a modified loan, has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the uncollectible portion is written off. The amortized cost basis is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the ACL is adjusted by the same amount. As a result, the impact of loss mitigation strategies is captured in the estimates of PD and LGD. Prior to January 1, 2023, a loan or lease was accounted for as a TDR if the Company, for reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, restructured a loan or lease, and granted a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise grant. A TDR typically involved a more than short-term modification of terms such as a reduction of the interest rate below the current market rate for a loan or lease with similar risk characteristics or the waiving of certain financial covenants without corresponding offsetting compensation or additional support. The following table represents the types of TDRs that were made during the periods presented: Twelve months ended December 31, 2022 Interest Only Payment Deferral Extend Amortization Other (1) Total TDRs (2) Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking — $ — 7 $ 8,795 3 $ 1,442 1 $ 490 11 $ 10,727 Specialty Lending — — 1 4,183 — — — — 1 4,183 Energy & Infrastructure — — — — 1 13,517 1 13,517 Total — — 8 12,978 4 14,959 1 490 13 28,427 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 1 3,677 1 797 1 4,364 — — 3 8,838 Total 1 3,677 1 797 1 4,364 — — 3 8,838 Construction & Development Small Business Banking — — — — — — 2 3,081 2 3,081 Total — — — — — — 2 3,081 2 3,081 Total 1 $ 3,677 9 $ 13,775 5 $ 19,323 3 $ 3,571 18 $ 40,346 (1) Includes one small business banking loan with extend amortization and a rate concession ($490 thousand) and two small business banking loans with extended amortization and interest only ($3.1 million). (2) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. Twelve months ended December 31, 2021 Interest Only Payment Deferral Extend Amortization Other (1) Total TDRs (2) Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking — $ — 3 $ 6,097 1 $ 496 — $ — 4 $ 6,593 Total — — 3 6,097 1 496 — — 4 6,593 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking — — 5 6,613 — — 1 3,124 6 9,737 Total — — 5 6,613 — — 1 3,124 6 9,737 Total — $ — 8 $ 12,710 1 $ 496 1 $ 3,124 10 $ 16,330 (1) Includes one small business banking loan with extended amortization and a rate concession TDR ($3.1 million). (2) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. Restructurings made to improve a loan’s performance have varying degrees of success. The following tables present TDRs that were modified within the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 that subsequently defaulted during the period: Twelve months ended December 31, 2022 Interest Only Payment Deferral Extend Amortization Other Total TDRs (1) Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking — $ — 2 $ 940 2 $ 318 — $ — 4 $ 1,258 Total — $ — 2 $ 940 2 $ 318 — $ — 4 $ 1,258 (1) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information.

Leases

Leases	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Leases Lessor Equipment Leasing The Company may purchase new equipment for the purpose of leasing such equipment to customers within its verticals. Equipment purchased to fulfill commitments to commercial renewable energy projects is rented out under operating leases while leases of equipment outside of the renewable energy vertical are generally direct financing leases. Accordingly, leased assets under operating leases are included in premises and equipment while leased assets under direct financing leases are included in loans and leases held for investment. Direct Financing Leases The gross lease payments receivable and the net investment included in loans and leases held for investment are as follows: As of December 31, 2023 2022 Gross direct finance lease payments receivable $ 2,335 $ 4,284 Less - unearned interest (218) (479) Net investment in direct financing leases $ 2,117 $ 3,805 Future minimum lease payments receivable under direct finance leases are as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Amount 2024 $ 1,250 2025 968 2026 117 Total $ 2,335 Interest income of $253 thousand, $393 thousand and $669 thousand was recognized in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 , 2022 and 2021 , respectively. Operating Leases As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 , the Company had a net investment of $104.0 million and $114.2 million, respectively, in assets included in premises and equipment, net in the consolidated balance sheets that are subject to operating leases. Of the net investment, the gross balance of the assets was $162.3 million and $163.4 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and accumulated depreciation was $58.3 million and $49.2 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 , respectively. Depreciation expense recognized on these assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 , 2022 and 2021 was $9.6 million, $9.7 million and $9.7 million, respectively. Lease income $9.5 million was recognized in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. A maturity analysis of future minimum lease payments receivable under non-cancelable operating leases is as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Amount 2024 $ 9,055 2025 8,738 2026 8,721 2027 8,483 2028 3,837 Thereafter 9,708 Total $ 48,542 Lessee Lease Arrangements The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. If it is determined to be or contain a lease, then the lease is classified as an operating or finance lease. Right-of-use assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. When recognizing right-of-use assets and liabilities, the Company accounts for lease and non-lease components separately because such amounts are readily determinable under the lease contracts. Right-of-use assets and liabilities are measured on commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at commencement. The discount rate is the rate implicit in the lease, however, if that is not readily determinable, the Company will use its incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments made before the commencement date and initial direct costs and excludes any lease incentives received. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company does not apply the recognition and measurement requirements to any short-term leases (terms of twelve months or less). Operating leases are included in other assets and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in other assets and borrowings in the consolidated balance sheets. Lease expense for operating leases and finance leases is included in occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income and interest expense for finance leases is included in borrowings interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. The Company has operating leases for real property and land. These leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to 23 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 20 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases. The Company has concluded that it is reasonably certain it will exercise the options to extend for only one lease, which was therefore recognized as part of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. The Company had a finance lease for fitness equipment, which matured during the year ended December 31, 2022. The components of lease expense are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Operating lease cost $ 820 $ 1,224 Short-term lease cost 123 99 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets — 4 Interest expense on lease liabilities — — Total net lease cost $ 943 $ 1,327 Supplemental disclosure for the consolidated balance sheets related to operating leases is as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Operating lease right-of-use asset $ 2,799 $ 2,118 Operating lease liability 3,180 2,558 The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for leases are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Weighted average remaining lease term (years) Operating leases 10.58 10.62 Weighted average discount rate Operating leases 3.64 % 3.14 % A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities is as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Operating Leases 2024 $ 718 2025 571 2026 508 2027 500 2028 333 Thereafter 1,231 Total lease payments 3,861 Less: imputed interest (681) Total lease liabilities $ 3,180
Leases	Leases Lessor Equipment Leasing The Company may purchase new equipment for the purpose of leasing such equipment to customers within its verticals. Equipment purchased to fulfill commitments to commercial renewable energy projects is rented out under operating leases while leases of equipment outside of the renewable energy vertical are generally direct financing leases. Accordingly, leased assets under operating leases are included in premises and equipment while leased assets under direct financing leases are included in loans and leases held for investment. Direct Financing Leases The gross lease payments receivable and the net investment included in loans and leases held for investment are as follows: As of December 31, 2023 2022 Gross direct finance lease payments receivable $ 2,335 $ 4,284 Less - unearned interest (218) (479) Net investment in direct financing leases $ 2,117 $ 3,805 Future minimum lease payments receivable under direct finance leases are as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Amount 2024 $ 1,250 2025 968 2026 117 Total $ 2,335 Interest income of $253 thousand, $393 thousand and $669 thousand was recognized in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 , 2022 and 2021 , respectively. Operating Leases As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 , the Company had a net investment of $104.0 million and $114.2 million, respectively, in assets included in premises and equipment, net in the consolidated balance sheets that are subject to operating leases. Of the net investment, the gross balance of the assets was $162.3 million and $163.4 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and accumulated depreciation was $58.3 million and $49.2 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 , respectively. Depreciation expense recognized on these assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 , 2022 and 2021 was $9.6 million, $9.7 million and $9.7 million, respectively. Lease income $9.5 million was recognized in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. A maturity analysis of future minimum lease payments receivable under non-cancelable operating leases is as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Amount 2024 $ 9,055 2025 8,738 2026 8,721 2027 8,483 2028 3,837 Thereafter 9,708 Total $ 48,542 Lessee Lease Arrangements The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. If it is determined to be or contain a lease, then the lease is classified as an operating or finance lease. Right-of-use assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. When recognizing right-of-use assets and liabilities, the Company accounts for lease and non-lease components separately because such amounts are readily determinable under the lease contracts. Right-of-use assets and liabilities are measured on commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at commencement. The discount rate is the rate implicit in the lease, however, if that is not readily determinable, the Company will use its incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments made before the commencement date and initial direct costs and excludes any lease incentives received. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company does not apply the recognition and measurement requirements to any short-term leases (terms of twelve months or less). Operating leases are included in other assets and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in other assets and borrowings in the consolidated balance sheets. Lease expense for operating leases and finance leases is included in occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income and interest expense for finance leases is included in borrowings interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. The Company has operating leases for real property and land. These leases have remaining lease terms of less than 1 year to 23 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 20 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases. The Company has concluded that it is reasonably certain it will exercise the options to extend for only one lease, which was therefore recognized as part of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. The Company had a finance lease for fitness equipment, which matured during the year ended December 31, 2022. The components of lease expense are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Operating lease cost $ 820 $ 1,224 Short-term lease cost 123 99 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets — 4 Interest expense on lease liabilities — — Total net lease cost $ 943 $ 1,327 Supplemental disclosure for the consolidated balance sheets related to operating leases is as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Operating lease right-of-use asset $ 2,799 $ 2,118 Operating lease liability 3,180 2,558 The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for leases are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Weighted average remaining lease term (years) Operating leases 10.58 10.62 Weighted average discount rate Operating leases 3.64 % 3.14 % A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities is as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Operating Leases 2024 $ 718 2025 571 2026 508 2027 500 2028 333 Thereafter 1,231 Total lease payments 3,861 Less: imputed interest (681) Total lease liabilities $ 3,180

Servicing Assets

Servicing Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]
Servicing Assets	Servicing Assets Loans serviced for others are not included in the consolidated balance sheets. The unpaid principal balances of loans serviced for others requiring recognition of a servicing asset were $3.09 billion, $2.67 billion and $2.29 billion at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 , respectively. The unpaid principal balance for all loans serviced for others was $4.24 billion, $3.48 billion and $3.30 billion at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 , respectively. The following summarizes the activity pertaining to servicing rights measured at fair value: 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 26,323 $ 33,574 Additions, net 16,977 9,326 Fair value changes: Due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions (1) 14,297 (5,934) Decay due to increases in principal paydowns or runoff (9,411) (10,643) Balance at end of period $ 48,186 $ 26,323 (1) The twelve month period ended December 31, 2023, includes a $13.7 million increase related to change in estimate implemented on July 1, 2023. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further details about servicing assets measured at fair value.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Premises and Equipment	Premises and Equipment Components of Premises and Equipment Components of premises and equipment and total accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 2023 2022 Buildings $ 54,746 $ 54,746 Land improvements 5,213 5,180 Furniture and equipment 19,537 19,117 Hardware and software 16,698 10,264 Leasehold improvements 7,678 7,705 Land 17,998 15,982 Transportation 22,279 49,766 Solar panels 162,348 163,391 Deposits on fixed assets 48,518 33,966 Premises and equipment, total 355,015 360,117 Less accumulated depreciation (97,134) (96,827) Premises and equipment, net of depreciation $ 257,881 $ 263,290 Deposits on fixed assets at December 31, 2023 consist primarily of construction costs related to the Company’s planned fourth building, software development costs, plane deposits and campus improvement costs. Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 amounted to $21.1 million, $20.6 million and $21.2 million, respectively.

Deposits

Deposits	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Deposits Liabilities, Balance Sheet, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Deposits	Deposits The types of deposits at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are: 2023 2022 Noninterest-bearing deposits $ 259,270 $ 194,100 Interest-bearing deposits: Interest-bearing checking 301,006 — Money market 135,551 128,443 Savings 4,497,376 4,096,576 Time deposits 5,081,816 4,465,809 Total 10,015,749 8,690,828 Total deposits $ 10,275,019 $ 8,884,928 The aggregate amount of time deposits in denominations of $250 thousand or more at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $695.6 million and $629.1 million, respectively. At December 31, 2023 the scheduled maturities of total time deposits are as follows: Year Amount 2024 $ 3,452,692 2025 556,766 2026 370,858 2027 258,963 2028 156,472 Thereafter 286,065 Total $ 5,081,816

Borrowings

Borrowings	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Borrowings	Borrowings Total outstanding borrowings consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, Borrowings In March 2021, the Company entered into a 60-month term loan agreement of $50.0 million with a third party correspondent bank. The loan accrues interest at a fixed rate of 2.95% with a monthly payment sufficient to fully amortize the loan, with all remaining unpaid principal and interest due at maturity on March 30, 2026. The Company paid the Lender a non-refundable $325 thousand loan origination fee upon signing of the Note that is presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the loan and will be amortized into interest expense over the life of the loan. $ 23,354 $ 33,203 On December 30, 2022, the Company made an advance of $50.0 million on an overnight Fed Funds line of credit that is unsecured with an interest rate of 4.65%. The Company paid down the balance in full on January 3, 2023 and there is $100.0 million of available credit remaining at December 31, 2023. — 50,000 Total borrowings $ 23,354 $ 83,203 As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s total unused borrowing capacity was $3.68 billion and $3.55 billion, respectively, based upon securities and loans identified as available for collateral. Unused borrowing capacity consists of access through the Federal Reserve Bank's discount window, available lines of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank and other correspondent banks, the Federal Reserve Bank’s Bank Term Funding Program, as well as access to a repurchase agreement. If additional collateral is available, the Company’s aggregate approved borrowing capacity with all of the above sources is $6.28 billion and $4.88 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company may borrow funds through the Federal Reserve Bank’s discount window. These borrowings are secured by a blanket floating lien on qualifying loans with a balance of $2.74 billion and $2.81 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had approximately $2.21 billion and $2.35 billion, respectively, in borrowing capacity available under these arrangements with no outstanding balance as of December 31, 2023 or 2022. On June 18, 2018, the Company entered into a borrowing agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta. These borrowings must be secured with eligible collateral approved by the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was $2.72 billion and $2.31 billion, respectively, of stated potential borrowing capacity available under this agreement, of which approximately $111.7 million and $983.8 million of securities are available for collateral, respectively. There is no collateral pledged and no advances outstanding as of December 31, 2023 or 2022. The Company may purchase federal funds through unsecured federal funds lines of credit with various correspondent banks, which totaled $130.0 million and $164.5 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These lines are intended for short-term borrowings and are subject to restrictions limiting the frequency and terms of advances. These lines of credit are payable on demand and bear interest based upon the daily federal funds rate. The Company had no outstanding balance on the lines of credit as of December 31, 2023, and $50.0 million in outstanding balances on the lines of credit as of December 31, 2022. In September 2023, the Company modified a $100.0 million revolving line of credit with a third party correspondent bank. The line of credit is unsecured and accrues interest at 30-day SOFR plus 1.25% with an interest rate floor of 2.75%. The line of credit was extended 12 months to a maturity date of October 10, 2026 and the interest rate cap was increased from 4.25% to 6.75%. Payments are interest only with all principal and accrued interest due at maturity. The terms of this loan require the Company to maintain minimum capital and debt service coverage ratios. The Company paid the Lender a non-refundable $250 thousand renewal fee upon modifying the Note that will be amortized into interest expense over the life of the loan. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was $100.0 million of available credit. The Company may borrow funds from the Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”). Under the BTFP, advances must be secured by pledging eligible securities owned by the Company on March 12, 2023. BTFP advances can be requested for a term of up to one year at a fixed market rate until the program ends March 11, 2024. As of December 31, 2023, there was $1.12 billion of potential borrowing capacity available and no outstanding balance. The Company has entered into a repurchase agreement with a third party for up to $5.0 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. At the time the Company enters into a transaction with the third party, the Company must transfer securities or other assets against the funds received. The terms of the agreement are set at market conditions at the time the Company enters into such transaction. The Company had no outstanding balance on the repurchase agreement as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The components of income tax expense for the years ended December 31 are as follows: 2023 2022 2021 Current income tax expense: Federal $ 24,051 $ 3,686 $ 12,774 State 7,042 3,301 6,211 Total current tax expense 31,093 6,987 18,985 Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: Federal (20,914) 23,838 22,886 State (1,247) 3,291 1,922 Total deferred tax (benefit) expense (22,161) 27,129 24,808 Income tax expense, as reported $ 8,932 $ 34,116 $ 43,793 Reported income tax expense differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21% in 2023, 2022 and 2021 to income before income taxes as follows: 2023 2022 2021 Income tax expense computed at the statutory rate $ 17,394 $ 44,168 $ 44,266 State income tax expense, net of federal 4,316 5,899 6,426 Stock-based compensation expense 2,084 73 (4,689) Decrease in taxes due to investment tax credit (16,390) (16,361) (3,392) Amended return net benefits — (3,261) — Other 1,528 3,598 1,182 Total income tax expense $ 8,932 $ 34,116 $ 43,793 Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets: Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale $ 26,753 $ 29,153 Allowance for loan and lease losses 30,576 27,159 Stock-based compensation expense 2,599 5,248 Capitalized research and experimentation costs 4,726 3,780 Accrued expenses 1,283 1,070 Operating lease liabilities 773 618 Goodwill and intangibles — 14 Unguaranteed loan discount 319 — Deferred loan fees and costs, net 101 — Other 1,806 1,147 Total deferred tax assets 68,936 68,189 Deferred tax liabilities: Premises and equipment 37,381 39,054 Net unrealized gains on non-marketable and other equity securities 18,165 22,309 Mark to market on loans held for sale 6,294 14,036 Unguaranteed loan discount — 4,309 Deferred loan fees and costs, net — 1,332 Operating lease right-of-use assets 680 511 Goodwill and intangibles 19 — Other 11 13 Total deferred tax liabilities 62,550 81,564 Net deferred tax asset (liability) $ 6,386 $ (13,375) The Company assesses the realizability of deferred tax assets at each reporting period and considers whether it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The realization of a deferred tax asset is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during periods in which the related temporary difference becomes deductible or realizable prior to its expiration. The Company considers projected future taxable income, scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, cessation of investing in renewable energy assets that generate investment tax credits and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on these considerations, management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. ASC 740, Income Taxes, defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the taxing authority. The Company does not have material uncertain tax positions, interest or penalties recorded in the consolidated balance sheets or statements of income as of or for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. As of December 31, 2023, the Company was under audit by the Internal Revenue Service principally as it relates to prior energy credits. Due to the complexities of uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a liability that is materially different from the current estimate. The Company files a consolidated income tax return in the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction. Generally, the Company’s federal and state tax returns are no longer subject to examination by the taxing authorities for years prior to 2015.

Fair Value of Financial Instrum

Fair Value of Financial Instruments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair Value Hierarchy There are three levels of inputs in the fair value hierarchy that may be used to measure fair value. Financial instruments are considered Level 1 when valuation can be based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 financial instruments are valued using quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or models using inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data of substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable and when determination of the fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. Recurring Fair Value The following sections provide a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the fair value hierarchy: Investment securities available-for-sale : Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities would include highly liquid government bonds, mortgage products and exchange traded equities. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, discounted cash flow or at net asset value per share. Level 2 securities would include U.S. government agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions and certain corporate, asset backed and other securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Loans held for investment: The fair values of loans accounted for under the fair value option are determined using a DCF methodology. The estimate incorporates assumptions that market participants would use to estimate fair value of similar assets such as prepayment speeds, default and severity rates, and a discount rate. Due to the nature of the valuation inputs, loans held for investment are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Servicing assets: Servicing rights do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. While sales of servicing rights do occur, the precise terms and conditions typically are not readily available. Accordingly, the Company estimates the fair value of servicing rights using discounted cash flow models incorporating numerous assumptions from the perspective of a market participant including servicing income, ancillary income, servicing costs, discount rates and prepayment speeds. Due to the nature of the valuation inputs, servicing rights are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Mutual fund: The mutual fund is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a closed-end, non-diversified management investment company and operates as an interval fund. The fund primarily invests in the unguaranteed portion of SBA504 first lien loans secured by owner-occupied commercial real estate. This investment is valued using quoted prices in markets that are not active and is classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy. Equity warrant assets: Fair value measurements of equity warrant assets of private companies are priced based on a Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the asset value by using stated strike prices, option expiration dates, risk-free interest rates and option volatility assumptions. Option volatility assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model are based on public companies that operate in similar industries as the companies in the Company’s private company portfolio. Values are further adjusted for a general lack of liquidity due to the private nature of the associated underlying company. The Company classifies equity warrant assets within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The table below provides a rollforward of the Level 3 equity warrant asset fair values. Twelve months ended December 31, Equity Warrant Assets 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 2,210 $ 1,672 Issuances 1,005 833 Net gains on derivative instruments 19 671 Settlements (360) (966) Balance at end of period $ 2,874 $ 2,210 The tables below present the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. December 31, 2023 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investment securities available-for-sale U.S. government agencies $ 17,529 $ — $ 17,529 $ — Mortgage-backed securities 1,105,592 — 1,105,592 — Municipal bonds (1) 3,039 — 2,954 85 Loans held for investment 388,036 — — 388,036 Servicing assets (2) 48,186 — — 48,186 Mutual fund 1,645 — 1,645 — Equity warrant assets 2,874 — — 2,874 Total assets at fair value $ 1,566,901 $ — $ 1,127,720 $ 439,181 December 31, 2022 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investment securities available-for-sale U.S. government agencies $ 15,668 $ — $ 15,668 $ — Mortgage-backed securities 995,574 — 995,574 — Municipal bonds (1) 2,977 — 2,884 93 Other debt securities 500 — 500 — Loans held for investment 494,458 — — 494,458 Servicing assets (2) 26,323 — — 26,323 Mutual fund 1,656 — 1,656 — Equity warrant assets 2,210 — — 2,210 Total assets at fair value $ 1,539,366 $ — $ 1,016,282 $ 523,084 (1) During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a principal paydown of $1 thousand and a fair value adjustment loss of $7 thousand. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a principal paydown of $1 thousand and a fair value adjustment loss of $2 thousand. (2) See Note 5 for a rollforward of recurring Level 3 fair values for servicing assets. Fair Value Option Until the first quarter of 2021, the Company had historically elected to account for retained participating interests of all government guaranteed loans under the fair value option in order to align the accounting presentation with the Company’s viewpoint of the economics of the loans. Interest income is recognized in the same manner on loans reported at fair value as on non-fair value loans, except in regard to origination fees and costs which are recognized immediately upon fair value election. Not electing fair value generally results in a larger discount being recorded on the date of the sale. This discount is subsequently accreted into interest income over the underlying loan’s remaining term using the effective interest method. Management made this change of election in alignment with its ongoing effort to reduce volatility and drive more predictable revenue. In accordance with GAAP, any loans for which fair value was previously elected continue to be measured as such. There were no loans accounted for under the fair value option that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest at December 31, 2023 or 2022. The unpaid principal balance of unguaranteed exposure for nonaccruals was $9.1 million and $7.2 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following tables provide more information about the fair value carrying amount and the unpaid principal outstanding of loans accounted for under the fair value option at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. December 31, 2023 Total Loans Nonaccruals 90 Days or More Past Due Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Option Elections Loans held for investment $ 388,036 $ 407,544 $ (19,508) $ 48,474 $ 50,749 $ (2,275) $ 36,490 $ 37,939 $ (1,449) $ 388,036 $ 407,544 $ (19,508) $ 48,474 $ 50,749 $ (2,275) $ 36,490 $ 37,939 $ (1,449) December 31, 2022 Total Loans Nonaccruals 90 Days or More Past Due Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Option Elections Loans held for investment $ 494,458 $ 513,219 $ (18,761) $ 44,890 $ 46,993 $ (2,103) $ 24,663 $ 26,321 $ (1,658) $ 494,458 $ 513,219 $ (18,761) $ 44,890 $ 46,993 $ (2,103) $ 24,663 $ 26,321 $ (1,658) The following table presents the net (losses) gains from changes in fair value. Twelve Months Ended (Losses) Gains on Loans Accounted for under the Fair Value Option 2023 2022 Loans held for sale $ — $ 1,521 Loans held for investment (3,539) (475) $ (3,539) $ 1,046 Losses related to borrower-specific credit risk were $3.5 million and $1.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following tables summarize the activity pertaining to loans accounted for under the fair value option. Twelve Months Ended December 31, Loans held for sale 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ — $ 25,310 Repurchases and issuances — 65 Fair value changes — 1,521 Transfers — (26,219) Settlements — (677) Balance at end of period $ — $ — Twelve Months Ended December 31, Loans held for investment 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 494,458 $ 645,201 Repurchases and issuances 22,955 18,629 Fair value changes (3,539) (475) Transfers — 26,219 Settlements (125,838) (195,116) Balance at end of period $ 388,036 $ 494,458 Non-recurring Fair Value The following sections provide a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the fair value hierarchy: Collateral-dependent loans : Loans are considered collateral-dependent when the Company has determined that foreclosure of the collateral is probable or when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the loan is expected to be repaid substantially through the operation or sale of collateral. A collateral-dependent loan’s ACL is measured based on the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the loan as of the measurement date. Fair value of the loan’s collateral is determined by appraisals, independent valuation, or management’s estimation of fair value which is then adjusted for the cost related to liquidation of the collateral. Collateral-dependent loans are generally classified as Level 3 based on management’s judgment and estimation. Loans with agreed upon sales prices are classified as Level 1. Foreclosed assets: Foreclosed real estate is adjusted to fair value less selling costs upon transfer of the loans to foreclosed real estate. Subsequently, foreclosed real estate is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value less selling costs. Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral. Given the lack of observable market prices for identical properties and market discounts applied to appraised values, the Company generally classifies foreclosed assets as non-recurring Level 3. The tables below present the recorded amount of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The Company has no liabilities recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis. December 31, 2023 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,503 $ — $ — $ 4,503 Foreclosed assets 6,481 — — 6,481 Total assets at fair value $ 10,984 $ — $ — $ 10,984 December 31, 2022 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,840 $ — $ — $ 4,840 Total assets at fair value $ 4,840 $ — $ — $ 4,840 Level 3 Analysis For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows: December 31, 2023 Level 3 Assets with Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Range Weighted Average (1) Recurring fair value Municipal bond $ 85 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 7.0% N/A Prepayment speed 5.0% N/A Loans held for investment $ 388,036 Discounted expected cash flows Loss rate 0.0% - 7.4% 1.2 % Discount rate 6.7% - 18.0% 9.6 % Prepayment speed 14.0% - 30.3% 16.0 % Servicing assets $ 48,186 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 14.5% 14.5 % Prepayment speed 11.8% - 17.8% 15.3 % Equity warrant assets $ 2,874 Black-Scholes option pricing model Volatility 26.9% - 90.0% 35.8 % Risk-free interest rate 3.8% - 3.9% 3.9 % Marketability discount 20.0% - 25.0% 22.7 % Remaining life 3.9 - 10 years 7.6 years Non-recurring fair value Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,503 Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments (2) 10.0% - 70.0% 38.7 % Foreclosed assets $ 6,481 Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments (2) 10.0% - 17.4% 10.4 % December 31, 2022 Level 3 Assets with Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Range Weighted Average (1) Recurring fair value Municipal bond $ 93 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 6.0% N/A Prepayment speed 5.0% N/A Loans held for investment $ 494,458 Discounted expected cash flows Loss rate 0.0 % - 79.3 % 1.9 % Discount rate 7.5 % - 11.2 % 10.0 % Prepayment speed 16.5% 16.5 % Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments 0.0 % - 77.3 % 28.6 % Servicing assets $ 26,323 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 0.0 % - 32.0% 20.8 % Prepayment speed 0.0 % - 37.4 % 15.7 % Equity warrant assets $ 2,210 Black-Scholes option pricing model Volatility 26.5 % - 90.0 % 34.2 % Risk-free interest rate 3.9 % - 4.0 % 3.9 % Marketability discount 20.0 % 20.0 % Remaining life 3 - 10 years 7.7 years Non-recurring fair value Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,840 Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments (2) 10.0 % - 66.5 % 34.2 % (1) Weighted averages are determined by the relative fair value of the instruments or the relative contribution to the instruments fair value. (2) Appraisals may be adjusted by management for customized discounting criteria, estimated sales costs, and other qualitative adjustments. Estimated Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments GAAP also requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments carried at book value on the consolidated balance sheet. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not necessarily represent the underlying value to the Company. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis are as follows: December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Quoted Price In Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Fair Value Financial assets Cash and due from banks $ 582,540 $ 582,540 $ — $ — $ 582,540 Certificates of deposit with other banks 250 250 — — 250 Loans held for sale 387,037 — — 402,096 402,096 Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases 8,119,971 — — 8,600,046 8,600,046 Financial liabilities Deposits 10,275,019 — 10,080,182 — 10,080,182 Borrowings 23,354 — — 22,844 22,844 December 31, 2022 Carrying Amount Quoted Price In Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Fair Value Financial assets Cash and due from banks $ 280,239 $ 280,239 $ — $ — $ 280,239 Federal funds sold 136,397 136,397 — — 136,397 Certificates of deposit with other banks 4,000 4,000 — — 4,000 Loans held for sale 554,610 — — 577,254 577,254 Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases 6,753,154 — — 6,652,936 6,652,936 Financial liabilities Deposits 8,884,928 — 8,532,615 — 8,532,615 Borrowings 83,203 — — 82,258 82,258

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Litigation In the ordinary course of operations, the Company is at times involved in legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, as of December 31, 2023, there are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any of their property is the subject. Financial Instruments with Off-balance-sheet Risk The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet. The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as for on-balance-sheet instruments. A summary of the Company’s commitments is as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commitments to extend credit (1) $ 2,921,978 $ 2,731,866 Standby letters of credit 20,487 26,454 Airplane purchase agreement commitments 9,000 24,000 Total unfunded off-balance sheet credit risk $ 2,951,465 $ 2,782,320 (1) Includes unfunded overdraft protection. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the party. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property and equipment, residential real estate and income-producing commercial properties. Commitment letters are issued after approval of the loan by the Credit Department and generally expire ninety days after issuance. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. Collateral held varies as specified above and is required in instances which the Company deems necessary. Other Commitments The Company is in the final phase of constructing a new facility to accommodate expansion of its main campus. The total estimated cost to complete the construction program is approximately $37.0 million. At December 31, 2023 , the Company has paid and was committed to approximately $21.5 million of the total estimated amount. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded unfunded commitments to provide capital contributions for on-balance-sheet investments in the amount of $29.0 million and $26.1 million, respectively. Concentrations of Credit Risk The distribution of commitments to extend credit approximates the distribution of loans outstanding. The Company does not have a significant number of credits to any single borrower or group of related borrowers whereby their retained exposure exceeds $20.0 million, except for twenty-seven relationships that have a retained unguaranteed exposure of $1.10 billion of which $684.9 million of the unguaranteed exposure has been disbursed. Additionally, the Company has future minimum lease payments receivable under non-cancelable operating leases totaling $48.5 million, of which no relationships exceed $20.0 million. The Company from time-to-time may have cash and cash equivalents on deposit with financial institutions that exceed federally-insured limits. Geographic Concentration s The following table presents the geographic concentration of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio at December 31, 2023: % of Total Geographic Regions (1) Midwest 12.4 % Northeast 18.7 Southeast 30.8 Southwest 12.2 West 25.9 Total 100.0 % (1) Concentrations are stated as a percentage of total unguaranteed loans held for investment. Midwest consists of ND, SD, NE, KS, MN, IA,WI, MO, IL, IN, MI and OH. Northeast consists of MD, DE, PA, NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, ME and NH. Southeast consists of AR, LA, MS, TN, AL, GA, FL, SC, KY, NC, VA, WV, DC, PR and VI. Southwest consists of AZ, NM, TX and OK. West consists of WA, OR, CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, CO, UT, AK and HI.

Benefit Plans

Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Benefit Plans	Benefit Plans Defined Contribution Plan The Company maintains an employee benefit plan pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan covers substantially all employees. Participants may contribute a percentage of compensation, subject to a maximum allowed under the Code. In addition, the Company makes certain matching contributions and may make additional contributions at the discretion of the board of directors. Company expense relating to the plan for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 amounted to $6.5 million, $6.3 million and $4.4 million, respectively. Flexible Benefits Plan The Company maintains a Flexible Benefits Plan which covers substantially all employees. Participants may set aside pre-tax dollars to provide for future expenses such as dependent care. Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan on October 8, 2014, which plan was most recently amended and restated as of March 22, 2021 and approved by the Company’s shareholders on May 11, 2021 (“ESPP”), within the meaning of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Under this plan, eligible employees are able to purchase available shares with post-tax dollars as of the grant date. In order for employees to be eligible to participate in this plan they must be employed or on an authorized leave of absence from the Company or any subsidiary immediately prior to the grant date. ESPP stock purchases cannot exceed $25 thousand in fair market value per employee per calendar year. Options to purchase shares under the ESPP are granted at a 15% discount to fair market value. Expense recognized in relation to the ESPP was $246 thousand, $188 thousand and $118 thousand for fiscal years 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Stock Option Plans On March 20, 2015, the Company adopted the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (as amended and currently in effect, the “2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan”) which replaced the previously existing Amended Incentive Stock Option Plan and Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan. Subsequently on May 24, 2016, the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan was amended and restated, and on May 15, 2018, the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan was amended, to authorize awards covering a maximum of 7,000,000 and 8,750,000 common voting shares, respectively. On May 11, 2021, the Amended and Restated 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan was amended to authorize awards covering a maximum of 10,750,000 common voting shares. Subsequently on May 16, 2023, 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan was amended to authorize awards covering a maximum of 13,750,000 common voting shares. Options or restricted shares granted under 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan expire no more than 10 years from date of grant. Exercise prices under the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan are set by the Board of Directors at the date of grant but shall not be less than 100% of fair market value of the related stock at the date of the grant. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. Compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions are recognized in the financial statements with measurement based upon the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the Company recognized $25 thousand, $753 thousand and $1.3 million in compensation expense for stock options, respectively. Stock option activity under the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan during the year ended December 31, 2023 is summarized below. Shares Weighted Average Weighted Average Aggregate Outstanding at December 31, 2022 825,114 $ 12.73 Exercised (148,551) 12.71 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 676,563 $ 12.74 1.31 years $ 22,165,930 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 676,563 $ 12.74 1.31 years $ 22,165,930 The following is a summary of non-vested stock option activity for the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested at December 31, 2020 1,022,636 $ 5.38 Vested (592,693) 4.35 Forfeited (47,093) 7.28 Non-vested at December 31, 2021 382,850 6.75 Vested (336,464) 6.85 Forfeited (8,626) 6.95 Non-vested at December 31, 2022 37,760 6.60 Vested (37,760) 6.60 Non-vested at December 31, 2023 — $ — The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $2.8 million, $7.0 million and $46.3 million, respectively. At December 31, 2023, there was no unrecognized compensation costs relating to stock options. There were no options granted in 2023, 2022 or 2021. Restricted Stock Plan In 2010, the Company adopted a Restricted Stock Plan. Under this plan, a total of 1,350,000 shares of Common Stock were available for issuance to eligible employees. Restricted stock grants vested in equal installments ranging from immediate vesting to over a seven year period from the date of the grant. Under the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, which replaced the previously existing Restricted Stock Plan, 1,329,508 restricted stock units were granted during 2021 to eligible employees and outside directors at a weighted average grant date fair value of $58.19. During 2022, 885,939 restricted stock units were granted to eligible employees and outside directors at a weighted average grant date fair value of $37.75. The vesting of these grants was time based and had no market price conditions. During 2023, 927,838 restricted stock units were granted to eligible employees and outside directors at a weighted average grant date fair value of $34.83, of which the vesting of all grants was time based. The fair value of each restricted stock unit is based on the market value of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant. Restricted stock awards are authorized in the form of restricted stock awards or units (“RSUs”) and restricted stock awards or units with a market price condition (“Market RSUs”). RSUs have a restriction based on the passage of time and may also have a restriction based on a non-market-related performance criteria. The fair value of the RSUs is based on the closing price on the date of the grant. Market RSUs may have a restriction based on the passage of time and may have non-market-related performance criteria, but also have a restriction based on market price criteria related to the Company’s share price closing at or above a specified price for at least twenty (20) consecutive trading days at any time prior to the expiration date of the grants. The amount of Market RSUs earned will not exceed 100% of the Market RSUs awarded. The fair value of the Market RSUs and the implied service period is calculated using the Monte Carlo Simulation method. The following is a summary of non-vested RSU stock activity for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023. Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested at December 31, 2022 2,409,698 $ 43.63 Granted 927,838 34.83 Vested (565,790) 41.87 Forfeited (543,510) 47.39 Non-vested at December 31, 2023 2,228,236 $ 39.50 During 2022 and 2021, the Company granted 885,939 and 1,329,508 RSUs, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value for RSUs granted in 2022 and 2021 was $37.75 and $58.19, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $17.6 million, $19.4 million and $11.4 million in compensation expense for RSUs, respectively. At December 31, 2023, unrecognized compensation costs relating to RSUs amounted to $77.1 million which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.83 years. Subsequently in February 2024, the Company granted 457,167 RSUs with a weighted average grant date fair value of $39.40 with unrecognized compensation expense of $18.0 million which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 5.01 years. The compensation expense for Market RSUs is measured based on their grant date fair value as calculated using the Monte Carlo Simulation and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the average vesting period. The Monte Carlo Simulation used 100,000 simulation paths to assess the expected date of achieving the market price criteria. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $4.2 million in compensation expense for Market RSUs. For the year ended December 31, 2021, 575,500 Market RSUs met the performance stock price conditions for the $45.00, $48.00 $50.00 and $55.00 stock price for twenty There were no remaining Market RSUs at year end December 31, 2023 and 2022. Employee Incentive Compensation The Company has an incentive compensation framework whereby full-time employees are eligible to receive an annual cash bonus payment plus the opportunity for an annual long-term incentive (“LTI”) equity grant in the form of RSUs. Both cash bonus and LTI equity grants are based on each individual’s base pay and overall Company performance. LTI grants are generally influenced by each individual’s tiered target as a percent of base pay. Total expenses related to the cash bonus for employees were $1.0 million, $9.4 million and $7.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the Company had discretionary special bonuses of $4.5 million, $10.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively, to most full-time employees.

Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Matters	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Regulated Operations [Abstract]
Regulatory Matters	Regulatory Matters Dividends The Bank, as a North Carolina banking corporation, may pay dividends to shareholders provided the bank does not make distributions that reduce its capital below its applicable required capital, pursuant to North Carolina General Statutes Section 53C-4-7. However, regulatory authorities may limit payment of dividends by any bank when it is determined that such a limitation is in the public interest and is necessary to ensure financial soundness of the bank. Capital Requirements The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. The Basel III Capital Rules, a comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations, includes quantitative measures designed to ensure capital adequacy. The Basel III Rules require the Company and the Bank to maintain (i) a minimum common equity Tier 1 ratio minimum of 4.50 percent plus a 2.50 percent “capital conservation buffer” (effectively resulting in minimum common equity Tier 1 ratio of 7.00 percent), (ii) Tier 1 risk-based capital minimum of 6.00 percent plus the capital conservation buffer (effectively resulting in a minimum Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.50 percent), (iii) total risk-based capital ratio minimum of 8.00 percent plus the capital conservation buffer (effectively resulting in a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10.5 percent) and (iv) Tier 1 leverage capital ratio minimum of 4.00 percent. The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress and effectively increases the minimum required risk-weighted capital ratios. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements may result in certain actions by regulators that could have a direct material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Based on the most recent notification from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Bank is well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. As of December 31, 2023, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject and were not aware of any conditions or events that would change each entity’s well capitalized status. Capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, are presented in the following table. Actual Minimum Capital Minimum To Be Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Consolidated - December 31, 2023 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 960,433 11.73 % $ 368,549 4.50 % N/A N/A Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 1,063,157 12.98 % $ 655,198 8.00 % N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 960,433 11.73 % $ 491,399 6.00 % N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 960,433 8.58 % $ 447,561 4.00 % N/A N/A Bank - December 31, 2023 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 823,478 10.40 % $ 356,426 4.50 % $ 514,837 6.50 % Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 922,876 11.65 % $ 633,646 8.00 % $ 792,057 10.00 % Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 823,478 10.40 % $ 475,234 6.00 % $ 633,646 8.00 % Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 823,478 7.41 % $ 444,480 4.00 % $ 555,600 5.00 % Consolidated - December 31, 2022 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 888,235 12.47 % $ 320,446 4.50 % N/A N/A Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 977,360 13.73 % $ 569,681 8.00% N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 888,235 12.47 % $ 427,261 6.00% N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 888,235 9.26 % $ 383,499 4.00% N/A N/A Bank - December 31, 2022 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 730,092 10.70 % $ 307,179 4.50 % $ 443,703 6.50 % Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 815,577 11.95 % $ 546,096 8.00% $ 682,620 10.00% Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 730,092 10.70 % $ 409,572 6.00% $ 546,096 8.00% Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 730,092 7.70 % $ 379,396 4.00% $ 474,245 5.00%

Transactions with Related Parti

Transactions with Related Parties	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Transactions with Related Parties	Transactions with Related Parties The Company has entered into transactions with its directors, officers, significant shareholders, their affiliates, and equity method investments (“related parties”). The following table provides related party loan activity during 2023: Amount Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ 21,738 Loan originations 3,723 Loan repayments (2,537) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 22,924 Deposits from related parties held by the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $48.6 million and $63.5 million, respectively. Transactions with related parties include the following equity method investments: Apiture, Inc. (“Apiture”), Canapi Funds, Cape Fear Collective 1 & 2, OTR, Estrella Landing, Green Sun, Sunvest, HEP and Heelstone. Apiture is a digital banking solution for financial institutions. The Canapi Funds are investment funds which focus on providing venture capital to new and emerging financial technology companies. Each of Cape Fear Collective 1 & 2 is a “qualified housing project” within the meaning of 12 CFR 362.3 and serves as a special purpose vehicle to purchase residential homes available for sale in the community. OTR is a Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI) certified by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. CDFIs provide credit and financial services to underserved markets and populations to help low-income and other disadvantaged people join the economic mainstream. Estrella Landing is a LIHTC investment that qualifies as an affordable housing project located in Wilmington, NC. Green Sun, Sunvest, HEP, and Heelstone are solar income tax credit projects. See Note 2. Securities, section captioned “Equity Method Accounting,” for further detail on equity method investments. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid Apiture $2.5 million, $2.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively, for professional services. During 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized income from Apiture of $385 thousand, $438 thousand and $601 thousand, respectively, for shared services and rent. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company made charitable contributions in the amounts of $310 thousand and $352 thousand, respectively, to Collective Impact in New Hanover County, a 501(c)(3) charitable organization (“Collective Impact”). There were no charitable contributions made during the year ended December 31, 2023. Cape Fear Collective Ventures, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Collective Impact, manages each of Cape Fear Collective 1 & 2.

Segments

Segments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segments	Segments The Company's management reporting process measures the performance of its operating segments based on internal operating structure, which is subject to change from time to time. Accordingly, the Company operates two reportable segments for management reporting purposes as discussed below: Banking - This segment specializes in providing financing services to small businesses nationwide in targeted industries and deposit-related services to small businesses, consumers and other customers nationwide. The primary source of revenue for this segment is net interest income and secondarily the origination and sale of government guaranteed loans. Fintech - This segment is involved in making strategic investments into emerging financial technology companies. The primary sources of revenue for this segment are principally gains and losses on equity method and equity security investments and management fees. The Fintech segment is comprised of the Company's direct wholly owned subsidiaries Live Oak Ventures and Canapi Advisors, and the investments held by those entities, as well as the Bank's investment in Apiture. The following tables provide financial information for the Company's segments. The information provided under the caption “Other” represents operations not considered to be reportable segments and/or general operating expenses of the Company, and includes the parent company, other non-bank subsidiaries and elimination adjustments to reconcile the results of the operating segments to the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP. Banking Fintech Other Consolidated As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 Interest income $ 687,655 $ 39 $ 581 $ 688,275 Interest expense 341,789 — 1,181 342,970 Net interest income 345,866 39 (600) 345,305 Provision for loan and lease credit losses 51,323 — — 51,323 Noninterest income 101,054 8,297 2,382 111,733 Noninterest expense 303,695 10,458 8,732 322,885 Income tax (benefit) expense 9,106 1,034 (1,208) 8,932 Net income (loss) $ 82,796 $ (3,156) $ (5,742) $ 73,898 Total assets $ 11,145,385 $ 131,310 $ (5,272) $ 11,271,423 As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 Interest income $ 444,307 $ 93 $ 73 $ 444,473 Interest expense 115,324 — 1,648 116,972 Net interest income 328,983 93 (1,575) 327,501 Provision for loan and lease credit losses 40,943 — — 40,943 Noninterest income 80,562 155,028 2,402 237,992 Noninterest expense 296,891 9,413 7,922 314,226 Income tax (benefit) expense (226) 36,016 (1,674) 34,116 Net income (loss) $ 71,937 $ 109,692 $ (5,421) $ 176,208 Total assets $ 9,672,458 $ 124,249 $ 58,791 $ 9,855,498 As of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 Interest income $ 360,986 $ 201 $ 26 $ 361,213 Interest expense 63,119 — 1,309 64,428 Net interest income 297,867 201 (1,283) 296,785 Provision for loan and lease credit losses 15,210 — — 15,210 Noninterest income 114,363 43,141 2,696 160,200 Noninterest expense 215,819 5,395 9,773 230,987 Income tax (benefit) expense 35,539 10,280 (2,026) 43,793 Net income (loss) $ 145,662 $ 27,667 $ (6,334) $ 166,995 Total assets $ 8,053,212 $ 121,889 $ 38,292 $ 8,213,393

Parent Company Only Financial S

Parent Company Only Financial Statements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Parent Company Only Financial Statements	Parent Company Only Financial Statements The following balance sheets, statements of income and statements of cash flows are for Live Oak Bancshares, Inc. Balance Sheets As of December 31, 2023 2022 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 81,897 $ 103,238 Investment in subsidiaries 843,978 704,905 Other assets 14,518 50,801 Total assets $ 940,393 $ 858,944 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Borrowings $ 23,354 $ 33,203 Other liabilities 14,373 14,708 Total liabilities 37,727 47,911 Shareholders' equity: Common stock 344,568 330,854 Retained earnings 642,817 572,497 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (84,719) (92,318) Total shareholders' equity 902,666 811,033 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 940,393 $ 858,944 Statements of Income Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Interest income $ 581 $ 73 $ 25 Interest expense 1,182 1,648 1,309 Net interest loss (601) (1,575) (1,284) Noninterest income: Other noninterest income (290) (107) 716 Total noninterest income (290) (107) 716 Noninterest expense: Salaries and employee benefits 1,549 1,444 5,120 Professional services expense 1,540 1,163 679 Other expense 2,384 1,907 789 Total noninterest expense 5,473 4,514 6,588 Net loss before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries (6,364) (6,196) (7,156) Income tax benefit (1,010) (1,358) (1,615) Net loss (5,354) (4,838) (5,541) Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries in excess of dividends from subsidiaries 79,252 181,046 172,536 Net income attributable to Live Oak Bancshares, Inc. $ 73,898 $ 176,208 $ 166,995 Statements of Cash Flows Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Cash flows from operating activities Net income $ 73,898 $ 176,208 $ 166,995 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries in excess of dividends of subsidiaries (79,252) (181,046) (172,536) Subsidiary vesting of restricted stock and other (10,474) (14,862) 2,679 Deferred tax (benefit) expense (15) 434 30,070 Stock option compensation expense 272 942 1,379 Restricted stock compensation expense 17,603 19,405 15,572 Business combination contingent consideration fair value adjustments 125 (86) 99 Net change in other assets 36,283 (2,846) (22,645) Net change in other liabilities 299 (1,626) (11,243) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 38,739 (3,477) 10,370 Cash flows from investing activities Capital (investment in) return on subsidiaries (40,000) 121,750 (26,407) Purchases of equity security investments (132) (182) (84) Purchases of equity method investments (612) (904) (237) Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (40,744) 120,664 (26,728) Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from borrowings 71 12,096 57,675 Repayment of borrowings (9,920) (29,627) (21,429) Stock option exercises 1,168 2,118 4,158 Employee stock purchase program 1,396 1,067 670 Withholding cash issued in lieu of restricted stock and other (6,725) (4,972) (19,151) Repurchase and retirement of shares — — (953) Shareholder dividend distributions (5,326) (5,266) (5,186) Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (19,336) (24,584) 15,784 Net change in cash and cash equivalents (21,341) 92,603 (574) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 103,238 10,635 11,209 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 81,897 $ 103,238 $ 10,635

Organization and Summary of S_2

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation Dollar amounts in all tables in the notes to consolidated financial statements have been presented in thousands, except percentage, time period, stock option, share and per share data. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and the Bank follow United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and general practices within the financial services industry. The following is a description of the significant accounting and reporting policies the Company follows in preparing and presenting its consolidated financial statements. The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued.
Consolidation Policy	Consolidation Policy The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its directly and indirectly wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company evaluates its relationships with other entities to identify whether they are a voting interest entity or variable interest entity (“VIE”). Voting interest entities are entities that generally (1) have sufficient equity to finance their activities and (2) provide the equity investors with power to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations. A voting interest entity is consolidated if the Company holds majority voting rights. The Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest in a VIE when it is the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary has both (1) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits of a VIE that could potentially be significant to a VIE. The parties that make investment and investment decisions, or parties that can unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE. The Company considers all of its economic interests in the VIE when determining whether it has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE. For details on the Company’s VIE investments refer to Note 2. Securities, “Variable Interest Entities.”
Business Combinations	Business Combinations Business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. Under the acquisition method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date are measured at their fair values as of that date, and are recognized separately from any resulting goodwill. Results of operations of the acquired entities are included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income from the date of acquisition. Any subsequent measurement-period adjustments are recorded within 12 months of the acquisition date.
Business Segments	Business Segments
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates In preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases, valuations of loans at fair value and servicing assets. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company refined its allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) methodology for estimating probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”). Additionally, the Company began using internally calculated prepayment rates based on its historical information. These changes, based on the continued maturity of internal data, resulted in a $1.5 million increase in the ACL in the first quarter of 2023. The Company also refined its methodology for estimating its reserve on unfunded loan commitments by incorporating historical utilization rates on unused lines of credit and updating probability assumptions related to construction loan commitments. These changes resulted in a $2.4 million increase in the reserve on unfunded commitments in the first quarter of 2023. During the third quarter of 2023, the Company changed the valuation techniques used to estimate the fair value of servicing rights and loans measured at fair value as a result of rising interest rates and their impacts on market conditions. The changes include aligning our net servicing income and loan fair value estimates with changes in forward interest rate curves. Loan fair value estimates were also revised to utilize market participant credit loss information. These revisions provide estimates that the Company believes are more representative of fair value while transitioning from unobservable inputs to those that are more observable. These estimate changes were implemented as of July 1, 2023 and resulted in one-time adjustments to increase the estimated value of the servicing asset by $13.7 million and loans measured at fair value by $1.3 million. This adjustment also increased noninterest income by a corresponding $15.0 million. These refinements have been accounted for as changes in accounting estimates under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections
Cash and Cash Equivalents And Certificates of Deposit with Other Banks	Cash and Cash Equivalents For the purpose of presentation in the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are defined as those amounts included in the balance sheet caption “cash and due from banks” and “federal funds sold.” Cash and cash equivalents have an initial maturity of three months or less. To comply with banking regulations, the Company is required to maintain certain average cash reserve balances. The daily average cash reserve requirement was suspended for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Certificates of Deposit with other Banks The certificate of deposit with other banks has a maturity of December 2024 and bears interest at a rate of 4.60%. All investments in certificates of deposit are with FDIC insured financial institutions and none exceed the maximum insurable amount of $250 thousand.
Investments	Investments Debt Securities Debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and recorded at amortized cost. Securities that may be sold prior to maturity are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale investment securities, other than certain credit-related impairment losses, are excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income. The Company’s entire portfolio of debt securities is classified as available-for-sale for the periods presented. Purchase premiums and discounts on debt securities are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Gains and losses on the sales of these securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method. When debt securities are in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. Debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria are evaluated to determine whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an ACL is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in other comprehensive income. Changes in the ACL are recorded as provision for, or reversal of, credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an available-for-sale security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Management has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities from the estimate of credit losses. Securities are charged-off against the allowance or, in the absence of any allowance, written down through income when deemed uncollectible by management or when either of the aforementioned criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Equity Investments Equity investments are generally non-marketable investments and are included in the other assets line in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company generally accounts for equity investments either under the equity method or equity security accounting. Earnings impacts are reflected in the equity method investments (loss) income and equity security investments (losses) gains, net line items on the consolidated statements of income . Investments in in-substance common stock through which there is significant influence but not control over the investee are accounted for under the equity method. The determination of whether the Company has significant influence over an investee requires judgement based on the facts and circumstances of each investment including, share type, level of ownership, power to control and legal structure. Significant influence is generally presumed to exist in privately held companies where the Company owns at least 20% of voting stock, or 5% interest in limited partnerships or limited liability companies. Qualitatively, significant influence can exist through the ability to influence the investee’s operating and financial policies through board involvement or other influence. Under the equity method, the Company recognizes its proportionate share of the results of operations of the investee based on most current information available. In instances where cash distributions vary at different points and/or are not directly linked to the Company’s ownership percentage, the investee’s net income or loss is allocated using the hypothetical liquidation at book value (“HLBV”) method. Investments that do not qualify as in-substance common stock, or through which the Company is not able to exercise significant influence over the investee, are accounted for as equity securities, whereby investments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, unless those investments have no readily determinable fair value. Investments without a readily determinable fair value are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes in value resulting from observable price changes arising from orderly transactions . Management considers a range of factors when adjusting the fair value of these investments, including, but not limited to, the term and nature of the investment, market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, exit strategies, financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment and a discount for certain investments that have lock-up restrictions or other features that indicate a discount to fair value is warranted. For equity securities not accounted for at fair value, any impairment is recognized with the full charge recorded in earnings. To determine whether an equity security may be impaired, the Company considers various indicators of impairment, including, but not limited to (1) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (2) adverse market conditions and (3) bona-fide offers to purchase an equity interest in the investee below the carrying amount. Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Loans Held for Sale	Held for Sale Management designates loans as held for sale based on its intent to sell loans, or portions of loans, in established secondary markets or to participant banks and credit unions. Salability requirements of government guaranteed portions include, but are not limited to, full disbursement of the loan commitment amount. Loans held for sale are carried at either fair value, if the fair value option is elected, or the lower of cost or estimated fair value. Net unrealized losses, if any, on loans without a fair value election, are recognized through a valuation allowance and recorded as a charge to noninterest income. The cost basis of loans held for sale includes unamortized loan origination fees and costs. The pro-rata portion, based on the percent of the total loan sold, of the remaining deferred fees and costs are recognized as an adjustment to the gain on sale.
Transfer of Loans	Transfers of loans, or portions of loans that meet the definition of a participating interest are accounted for as sales on the transaction settlement date when control has been surrendered. Control is deemed surrendered when the loans have been (1) legally isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right to pledge or transfer the loans free of conditions that constrain it from using that right, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the loans through a repurchase agreement or other means. If the transfer is accounted for as a sale, the loans are derecognized from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and a gain or loss is recognized in net gains on sales of loans line item on the consolidated statements of income. The gain on sale recognized in income is the sum of the premium on the guaranteed loan and the fair value of the servicing assets recognized, less the discount recorded on the unguaranteed portion of the loan retained. If the transfer does not satisfy the aforementioned control criteria, the transaction is recorded as a secured borrowing with the transferred loans remaining on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and proceeds recognized as a liability. In accordance with SBA and USDA regulation, the Bank is required to retain 10% and 7.5% of the principal balance of any SBA 7(a) or USDA loan, respectively, comprised of unguaranteed dollars. With written consent from the SBA, the Bank may sell down to a 5% exposure comprised of unguaranteed dollars. The Company occasionally transfers loans between the held for sale and held for investment classifications based on its intent and ability to hold or sell loans. Management’s intent to sell may be impacted by secondary market conditions, loan credit quality, or other factors.
Held for Investment	Held for Investment Loans and leases receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are classified as held for investment and generally reported at their outstanding principal amount, net of unearned income unless the fair value option has been elected. For such loans not carried at fair value, loan origination fees and direct origination costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the loan yield using the interest method. Discounts and premiums on any purchased loans are amortized to income using the interest method over the remaining period to contractual maturity, adjusted for anticipated prepayments. Interest income on loans and leases is recognized as earned on a daily accrual basis at the applicable interest rate. Loans and leases designated as held for investment include those identified as more beneficial to hold for the long term as well as the required retention amount defined by the SBA and USDA. Loans and leases held for investment also consist of certain guaranteed and unguaranteed credits including nonaccrual, non-marketable, and risk grade 5 or worse as defined by internal risk rating metrics. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Past due status of loans and leases is determined based on contractual terms. Loans and leases are placed in nonaccrual status and the accrual of interest is discontinued if they become 90 days delinquent or there is evidence that the borrower’s ability to make the required payments is not probable. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against current interest income. Loans and leases, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.
Allowance for Credit Losses	Al lowance for Credit Losses The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans and leases to present a net amount expected to be collected. The ACL is not applicable to loans held for sale and loans accounted for under the fair value option. Loans and leases are charged-off against the ACL when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan or lease balance is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off. The Company’s ACL on loans and leases is estimated using relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. As a result, the impact of loss mitigation strategies, such as loan modifications and restructurings, are captured in the estimates of LGD and PD. The Company’s historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. The ACL is measured on a pooled basis using a quantitative modeling process when similar risk characteristics are present in the portfolio. The Company has identified pools based on industry, which aggregates into divisions, and whether the receivable is secured by real estate or another form of collateral. Additional information related to the portfolio segments can be found in Note 3. Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality. Expected credit losses for pooled loans and leases are estimated using a DCF methodology for each loan which incorporates measurements of PD, LGD, prepayments, the estimated outstanding exposure at default (“EAD”), and the effective interest rate (“EIR”). PD rates are calculated using the number of defaults divided by the number of loans available to default for 1-year observation periods over the lifetime of data available for a certain pool. LGD rates are calculated by dividing the lifetime net charge-offs for each pool by the pool’s average outstanding balance. PD and LGD rates are adjusted for forecasted national unemployment rates during a reasonable and supportable forecast period. Management has determined that four quarters represents a reasonable and supportable forecast period and adjusted loss rates revert back to a historical loss rate over four quarters on a straight-line basis. Expected losses are calculated as the product of PD, LGD, and EAD. Expected losses are discounted using the loan or lease EIR, adjusted for prepayments. Management adjusts historical loss information for differences in current risk characteristics that are not considered within the quantitative modeling processes but are relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within the loan and lease pools. These qualitative factor adjustments generally increase management’s estimate of expected credit losses based upon the estimated level of risk. The various risk factors considered in qualitative adjustments include risk grading, delinquency levels, pool age, portfolio mix and growth rates, and the status of servicing efforts which may be impacted by natural disasters or health pandemics. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. Loans or leases that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the pooled evaluation. This generally occurs when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all interest and principal payments due according to the originally contracted, or reasonably modified, terms of the loan or lease agreement. The Company has determined that loans and leases meeting the criteria defined below must be reviewed quarterly to determine if they should be evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis. • All commercial loans and leases classified substandard or worse. • Any loan or lease that is on nonaccrual, or any loan or lease that is delinquent greater than 90 days past due and still accruing interest. • Prior to January 1, 2023, any loan or lease that was restructured with an interest rate concession and met the definition of a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). The Company estimates reserves on individually evaluated loans and leases using a DCF methodology or through the evaluation of collateral values. During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, management updated the Company’s policy for estimating expected credit losses on certain relationships that would otherwise meet the criteria for individual evaluation. Relationships with unguaranteed exposure of less than $250 thousand are now collectively evaluated using an average of loss rates applied to individually evaluated relationships with unguaranteed exposure between $250 thousand and $1.0 million. The impact of this change on the ACL was not considered material. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loan or lease, adjusted for expected prepayments when appropriate. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications unless management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting date that a modification will be executed with an individual borrower or the extension or renewal options are included in the contract at the reporting date and are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company. When the ACL, for pooled or individually evaluated loans and leases, is estimated using the DCF method, the EIR used to discount expected cash flows is adjusted for expected prepayments. When management determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. Allowance for Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures
Equipment Leasing	Equipment Leasing The Company may purchase new equipment for the purpose of leasing such equipment to customers within its verticals. Equipment purchased to fulfill commitments to commercial renewable energy projects is leased out under operating leases while leases of equipment outside of the renewable energy vertical are generally direct financing leases. Accordingly, leased assets under operating leases are included in premises and equipment while leased assets under direct financing leases are included in loans and leases held for investment in the consolidated balance sheets. Direct Financing Leases Interest income on direct financing leases is recognized when earned. Unearned interest is recognized over the lease term on a basis which results in a constant rate of return on the unrecovered lease investment. The term of each lease is generally 3-7 years which is consistent with the useful life of the equipment with no residual value. The Company records expected credit losses on direct finance leases within the ACL. Operating Leases The term of each operating lease is generally 10 to 15 years. The Company retains ownership of the equipment and associated tax benefits such as investment tax credits and accelerated depreciation. At the end of the lease term, the lessee has the option to renew the lease for two additional terms or purchase the equipment at the then-current fair market value. Rental revenue from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated to an estimated residual value on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. The useful lives generally range from 20 to 25 years and residual values generally range from 20% to 50%, however, they are subject to periodic evaluation. Changes in useful lives or residual values will impact depreciation expense and any gain or loss from the sale of used equipment. The estimated useful lives and residual values of the Company's leasing equipment are based on industry disposal experience and the Company's expectations for future sale prices. If the Company decides to sell or otherwise dispose of rental equipment, it is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell or dispose. Repair and maintenance costs that do not extend the lives of the rental equipment are charged to direct operating expenses at the time the costs are incurred.
Premises and Equipment	Premises and Equipment All premises and equipment, excluding land, are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Land is carried at cost. Additions and major replacements or improvements which extend useful lives of property or equipment are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs, and minor improvements are expensed as incurred. Upon retirement or other disposition of the assets, the cost and related depreciation are derecognized and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in income. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the terms of the respective leases or the estimated useful lives of the improvements, whichever is shorter. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the following generally estimated useful lives: Years Buildings 39 Transportation 5-10 Land improvements 10-15 Furniture and equipment 5-10 Hardware and software 3-5 Solar panels 20-25
Foreclosed Assets	Foreclosed Assets Real estate properties acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are to be sold and are initially recorded at fair value less anticipated cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Any write down at the time of transfer to foreclosed assets is charged to the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases. After foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management, and the real estate is carried at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell. Subsequent write downs are charged to other expense. Costs relating to improvement of the property are capitalized while holding costs of the property are charged to other loan origination and maintenance expense in the period incurred.
Servicing Assets	Servicing Assets All sales of loans are executed on a servicing retained basis. The standard SBA loan sale agreement is structured to provide the Company with a “servicing spread” paid from a portion of the interest cash flow of the loan. SBA regulations require the Bank to retain a portion of the cash flow from the interest payments received for a sold loan. The SBA retention requirement is at least 100 basis points in servicing spread while the Company's standard USDA loan sale agreement specifies a servicing spread of 40 basis points. The portion of the servicing spread that exceeds adequate compensation for the servicing function is recognized as a servicing asset, while any that is less is considered a servicing liability. Industry practice recognizes adequate compensation for servicing SBA and USDA loans as 25 basis points. Servicing assets are recognized as separate assets measured at fair value when a loan is sold. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as adequate compensation for servicing, the discount rate, the custodial earnings rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses, with the prepayment speed and discount rate being the most sensitive assumptions. Servicing rights recognized through the sale of government guaranteed loans are carried at fair value as of the reporting date. Changes to fair value are reported in loan servicing asset revaluation in the consolidated statements of income. Servicing rights recognized through the sale of conventional loans are amortized over the period of estimated future net servicing life of the underlying assets and are evaluated quarterly for impairment by comparing the amortized cost to the estimated fair value. Servicing fee income is recorded for fees earned for servicing loans. The fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal or a fixed amount per loan and are recorded as income when earned.
Derivatives Financial Instruments	Derivative Financial Instruments Equity Warrant Assets In connection with negotiated credit facilities and certain other services, the Company may obtain equity warrant assets giving the Company the right to acquire stock in private companies in certain verticals. These assets are held for prospective investment gains and are not used to hedge any economic risks. Further, the Company does not use other derivative instruments to hedge economic risks stemming from equity warrant assets. Equity warrant assets in certain private client companies are recorded as derivatives when they contain net settlement terms and other qualifying criteria. Equity warrant assets entitle the Company to purchase a specific number of shares of stock at a specific price within a specific time period, generally 10 years. Certain equity warrant assets contain contingent provisions, which adjust the underlying number of shares or purchase price upon the occurrence of certain future events to prevent dilution of the Company’s implied ownership represented by the warrants. Certain warrant agreements contain net share settlement provisions, which permit the receipt of, upon exercise, a share count equal to the intrinsic value of the warrant divided by the share price (otherwise known as a “cashless” exercise). These equity warrant assets are recorded at fair value and are classified as derivative assets, a component of other assets, on the consolidated balance sheets at the time they are obtained. The grant date fair values of equity warrant assets classified as derivatives received in connection with the issuance of a credit facility are deemed to be loan fees and recognized as an adjustment of loan yield through loan interest income. Similar to other loan fees, the yield adjustment related to grant date fair value of warrants is recognized over the life of that credit facility. Any changes in fair value from the grant date fair value of equity warrant assets classified as derivatives are recognized as increases or decreases to other assets on the consolidated balance sheets and as net gains or losses on derivative instruments, in other noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. When a portfolio company is acquired, the Company may exercise these equity warrant assets for shares or cash. The fair value of equity warrant assets classified as derivatives is reviewed and updated quarterly using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. For those equity warrant assets that do not contain net share settlement provisions, the Company considers these to be equity investments without readily determinable market values and records the asset at cost, subject to periodic impairment testing.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets	Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill is the purchase premium after adjusting for the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for potential impairment on an annual basis, or when events or circumstances indicate a potential impairment, at the related reporting unit level. The goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge must be recorded. An impairment loss recognized cannot exceed the amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting unit. An impairment loss establishes a new basis in the goodwill and subsequent reversals of goodwill impairment losses are not permitted under applicable accounting guidance. For intangible assets subject to amortization, the recoverability test is performed when a triggering event occurs and an impairment loss is recognized if the carrying value of the intangible asset is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The carrying value of the intangible asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset. Intangible assets deemed to have indefinite useful lives are not subject to amortization. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying value of the intangible asset with an indefinite life exceeds its fair value.
Long-Lived Assets Impairment Evaluation	Long-Lived Assets Impairment Evaluation
Common Stock	Common Stock On June 11, 2014, the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation to create two classes of common stock. These two classes are identified as Class A and Class B or Voting Common Stock and Non-Voting Common Stock, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and statements of changes in shareholders’ equity. Voting and Non-Voting Common Stock holders have identical rights and privileges, with the exception that Non-Voting Common shares have no voting power except in limited circumstances. Stock splits or dividends of Voting and Non-Voting Common Shares shall be in like stock (voting for voting and non-voting for non-voting). Any number of Non-Voting Common Stock may be converted to an equal number of Voting Common Stock at the option of the holder; provided that holder is not the initial transferee or an affiliate of initial transferee and other conditions are met.
Advertising Expense	Advertising Expense Marketing costs are recognized in the month the event or advertisement takes place. These costs are included in advertising and marketing expense as presented in the consolidated statements of income.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities (excluding deferred tax assets and liabilities related to business combinations or components of other comprehensive income). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred assets and liabilities is recognized in income taxes during the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the expected amount more likely than not to be realized. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the level of historical income, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, reversals of deferred tax liabilities and estimates of future taxable income. The Company uses the flow-through method of accounting for its solar investment tax credit investments, none of which qualify for proportional amortization. Under the flow-through method, investment tax credits are recognized as a reduction to income tax expense immediately in the period that the credit is generated, to the extent permitted by tax law. In accounting for any temporary difference that arise, the Company has elected the income statement method whereby deferred taxes are adjusted through income tax expense.
Comprehensive Income	Comprehensive Income Annual comprehensive income reflects the change in the Company’s equity during the year arising from transactions and events other than investment by and distributions to shareholders. The only components of other comprehensive income consist of realized and unrealized gains and losses related to investment securities available-for-sale.
Stock Compensation Plans	Stock Compensation Plans The Company recognizes compensation cost based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued. The expense measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for stock options and restricted stock based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognizes the cost over the vesting period for all awards within an individual grant, including ones with graded vesting features. The fair value of restricted stock awards or units with a market price condition and implied service period are calculated using the Monte Carlo Simulation method. The impact of forfeitures on stock-based compensation expense is recognized as forfeitures occur. See Note 12. Benefit Plans for further discussion and detail.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments GAAP defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established per GAAP which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further discussion and detail.
Earnings Per Share	Earnings Per Share Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur, upon the exercise of stock options or upon the vesting of restricted stock grants, any of which would result in the issuance of common stock that would then share in the net income of the Company.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company offers various services to customers that generate revenue. The Company does not typically enter into long-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances. Incremental costs of obtaining a contract are expensed when incurred when the amortization period is one year or less. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, remaining performance obligations consisted primarily of service based revenues for contracts with an original expected length of two years or less. Service based revenues are included in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income and consist of other recurring revenue streams from services provided by the Bank for advisory and successful transactions, GLS to its clients for settlement, accounting and valuation for government guaranteed loan sales and holdings, fund investment advisory services performed by Canapi Advisors, and investment management and financial planning services provided by Live Oak Private Wealth. Service Based Revenues In addition to lending and related activities, the Bank’s specialized industry teams also provide advisory services to certain Government Contracting clients. Performance obligations are satisfied over the contract period and revenue is recognized monthly. In 2021, the Company stopped offering advisory services to new Government Contracting clients. GLS provides services when requested by clients. Each requested service represents a specific performance obligation with a transaction price outlined by GLS' fee schedule. Revenue is recognized as the requested services are completed and payment is generally received the following month. Canapi Advisors provides investment advisory services to four financial technology venture funds where its performance obligations are satisfied over time. Fund management fees are based upon the contractual terms of the limited partnership agreements and are recognized as earned over the specified contract period, which is generally equal to the life of the individual fund. Fund management fees are calculated as a percentage of committed capital, net of any permitted offsets, and are collected in advance and recognized quarterly.
Reclassifications	Reclassifications During the third quarter of 2023, management reclassified all Search Fund Lending loans from the Specialty Lending division to the Small Business Banking division to better align with the underlying risk characteristics and management's methods for managing the Sponsor Finance business. This resulted in a reclassification of $297.2 million between loan classes as of December 31, 2022.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements The following is a summary of recent authoritative pronouncements that could impact the accounting, reporting, and/or disclosure of financial information by the Company. In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-04 “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting” (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. In December 2022, ASU 2022-06 “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848” was issued deferring the sunset date of Topic 848. As subsequently amended, the ASU can be adopted by the Company through December 31, 2024. The Company does not believe these standards will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. To address the discontinuance of LIBOR, the Company has stopped originating variable LIBOR-based loans effective December 31, 2021 and has started to negotiate loans using the preferred replacement index, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or a relevant duration U.S. Treasury rate. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has transitioned nearly all its LIBOR-based loan exposure to an alternative index. The remaining LIBOR-based loans will transition to an alternative index at their next repricing date. In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”). ASU 2022-02 eliminates the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors in ASC 310-40, Receivables – Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors , while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, for public business entities, ASU 2022-02 requires that an entity disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within the scope of ASC 326-20, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses – Measured at Amortized Cost . The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method resulting in a net increase to retained earnings of $676 thousand. In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-03 “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Restrictions” (“ASU 2022-03”). ASU 2022-03 indicates a contractual sale restriction on equity securities should not be considered in measuring fair value, however, disclosure should be made about such restrictions. The amendments in this standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2024. The Company does not believe this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-02 “Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method” (“ASU 2023-02”). ASU 2023-02 permits companies to account for tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. The amendments in this standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2024. The Company does not believe this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-06 “Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative” (“ASU 2023-06”). ASU 2023-06 amends the ASC to incorporate certain disclosure requirements from SEC Release No. 33-10532 - Disclosure Update and Simplification that was issued in 2018. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. The Company does not believe this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07 “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this standard will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and subsequent interim periods. The amendments will be applied retrospectively to all prior periods in the consolidated financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the amendments will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires enhanced income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information to provide more transparency by requiring (i) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table and (ii) income taxes paid, net of refunds, to be disaggregated by jurisdiction based on an established threshold. The amendments in this standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the amendments will have the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Variable Interest Entities	Variable Interest Entities Variable interests are defined as contractual ownership or other interests in an entity that change with fluctuations in the fair value of an entity's net asset value. The primary beneficiary consolidates the VIE. The primary beneficiary is defined as the enterprise that has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be significant to the VIE. Solar Renewable Energy Tax Credit Investments The Company has equity interests in several limited liability companies that own and operate solar renewable energy projects which are accounted for as equity method investments. Over the course of the investments, the Company will receive federal and state tax credits, tax-related benefits, and excess cash available for distribution, if any. The Company may be called to sell its interest in the limited partnerships through a call option once all investment tax credits have been recognized. Affordable Housing The Company has an equity investment in a limited liability company LIHTC that qualifies as an affordable housing project, managed by an unrelated general partner. The Company accounts for the investment under the proportional amortization method. Under this method an entity amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the net investment performance as a component of income tax expense. The Company also has equity interests in two limited liability companies that invest in the acquisition, rehabilitation, or new construction of local qualified housing projects which are accounted for as equity method investments . Canapi Funds The Company’s limited partnership investments in the Canapi Funds focus on providing venture capital to new and emerging financial technology companies. After initial commitment and over the course of the investment period, the Company will make capital contributions and receive profit and return of capital distributions as a result of fund performance until the funds wind down. Non-marketable and Other Equity Investments The Company also has limited interests in several non-marketable funds, including Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) and venture capital funds, which are accounted for as equity security investments. After the initial commitment and over the course of the investment period, the Company will make capital contributions and receive profit and return of capital distributions as a result of fund performance until the funds wind down. While the partnership agreements allow the Company to remove the general partner, this right is not deemed to be substantive as the general partner can only be removed for cause. All investments are generally non-redeemable and distributions are expected to be received through the liquidation of the underlying investments throughout the life of the investment fund. Investments may only be sold or transferred subject to the notice and approval provisions of the underlying investment agreement. The above investments meet the criteria of a VIE, however, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the entities, as it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities. The Company’s investment in the unconsolidated VIEs are carried in other assets and the Company’s unfunded capital and other commitments related to the unconsolidated VIEs are carried in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from unconsolidated VIEs includes the investment recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. For solar tax credit investments, the balance sheet figures are net of any impairment recognized, and includes previously recorded tax credits which remain subject to recapture by taxing authorities based on compliance features required to be met at the project level. While the Company believes the potential for loss from these investments is remote, the maximum exposure for solar tax credit investments was determined by assuming a scenario where related tax credits were recaptured.

Organization and Summary of S_3

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Schedule of Loans Receivable Held-for-sale	The following summarizes the activity pertaining to loans held for sale for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of year $ 554,610 $ 1,116,519 Originations 877,083 1,042,061 Proceeds from sale (1,362,803) (1,067,758) Gain on sale of loans 46,545 43,244 Principal collections, net of deferred fees and costs (70,179) (116,886) Non-cash transfers, net 341,781 (462,570) Balance at end of period $ 387,037 $ 554,610
Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment	Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the following generally estimated useful lives: Years Buildings 39 Transportation 5-10 Land improvements 10-15 Furniture and equipment 5-10 Hardware and software 3-5 Solar panels 20-25 Components of premises and equipment and total accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 2023 2022 Buildings $ 54,746 $ 54,746 Land improvements 5,213 5,180 Furniture and equipment 19,537 19,117 Hardware and software 16,698 10,264 Leasehold improvements 7,678 7,705 Land 17,998 15,982 Transportation 22,279 49,766 Solar panels 162,348 163,391 Deposits on fixed assets 48,518 33,966 Premises and equipment, total 355,015 360,117 Less accumulated depreciation (97,134) (96,827) Premises and equipment, net of depreciation $ 257,881 $ 263,290
Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Basic earnings per share: Net income $ 73,898 $ 176,208 $ 166,995 Weighted-average basic shares outstanding 44,353,708 43,862,291 43,169,935 Basic earnings per share $ 1.67 $ 4.02 $ 3.87 Diluted earnings per share: Net income, for diluted earnings per share $ 73,898 $ 176,208 $ 166,995 Total weighted-average basic shares outstanding 44,353,708 43,862,291 43,169,935 Add effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock grants 741,171 1,044,019 1,901,369 Total weighted-average diluted shares outstanding 45,094,879 44,906,310 45,071,304 Diluted earnings per share $ 1.64 $ 3.92 $ 3.71 Anti-dilutive stock options and restricted shares 1,233,230 1,413,738 37,401

Securities (Tables)

Securities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Summary of Carrying Amount and Fair Value of Securities	The carrying amount of securities and their approximate fair values are reflected in the following table: December 31, 2023 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair U.S. government agencies $ 17,809 $ 2 $ 282 $ 17,529 Mortgage-backed securities 1,216,624 466 111,498 1,105,592 Municipal bonds 3,200 — 161 3,039 Total $ 1,237,633 $ 468 $ 111,941 $ 1,126,160 December 31, 2022 U.S. government agencies $ 16,080 $ — $ 412 $ 15,668 Mortgage-backed securities 1,116,387 270 121,083 995,574 Municipal bonds 3,223 — 246 2,977 Other debt securities 500 — — 500 Total $ 1,136,190 $ 270 $ 121,741 $ 1,014,719
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale in Unrealized Loss Position	The following tables show debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position. Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total December 31, 2023 Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized U.S. government agencies $ — $ — $ 15,057 $ 282 $ 15,057 $ 282 Mortgage-backed securities 138,823 3,431 886,699 108,067 1,025,522 111,498 Municipal bonds — — 3,039 161 3,039 161 Total $ 138,823 $ 3,431 $ 904,795 $ 108,510 $ 1,043,618 $ 111,941 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total December 31, 2022 Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized U.S. government agencies $ 15,668 $ 412 $ — $ — $ 15,668 $ 412 Mortgage-backed securities 513,639 29,060 456,972 92,023 970,611 121,083 Municipal bonds 2,884 241 93 5 2,977 246 Total $ 532,191 $ 29,713 $ 457,065 $ 92,028 $ 989,256 $ 121,741
Summary of Investment Securities by Maturity	The following is a summary of investment securities by maturity: December 31, 2023 Available-for-sale Amortized Cost Fair Value U.S. government agencies Within one year $ 3,000 $ 2,976 One to five years 12,430 12,218 Five to ten years 2,379 2,335 Total 17,809 17,529 Mortgage-backed securities Within one year 12,358 12,319 One to five years 179,740 170,908 Five to ten years 240,665 216,013 After 10 years 783,861 706,352 Total 1,216,624 1,105,592 Municipal bonds Five to ten years 3,103 2,954 After 10 years 97 85 Total 3,200 3,039 Total $ 1,237,633 $ 1,126,160
Summary of Balance Sheet and Income Statement Information of Combined Equity Method Investments	The carrying amount and ownership percentage of each equity method investment at December 31, 2023 and 2022 is reflected in the following table: 2023 2022 Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % Apiture, Inc. $ 60,682 40.4 % $ 60,320 40.3 % Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund, LP (1) (5) (8) 18,190 2.9 19,246 2.9 Canapi Ventures Fund, LP (2) (5) (9) 2,267 1.5 2,382 1.5 Canapi Ventures Fund II, LP (3) (5) (9) 7,232 1.6 7,412 1.6 Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund II, LP (4) (5) (8) 7,611 2.9 7,981 3.7 Other investments in fintech private companies (6) — — 241 4.3 Other (7) (8) 22,932 Various 12,476 Various Total $ 118,914 $ 110,058 (1) Includes unfunded commitments of $5.0 million and $5.5 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (2) Includes unfunded commitments of $559 thousand and $617 thousand as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (3) Includes unfunded commitments of $6.3 million and $6.9 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (4) Includes unfunded commitments of $7.1 million and $7.5 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. (5) Investee is accounted for under equity method due to the Company's participation as an investment advisor. (6) As of December 31, 2022, Other Fintech investments included Kwipped, Inc. As of December 31, 2023, the investment has been moved to equity security as the preferred shares do not qualify as in-substance common stock. (7) As of December 31, 2023, Other investments include low income housing tax credit (“LIHTC”) in Estrella Landing Apartments, LLC (“Estrella Landing”), in which the company holds a 99.9% limited member interest. Also included in Other investments are solar income tax credit investments in Green Sun Tenant, LLC (“Green Sun”), SVA 2021-2 TE Holdco, LLC (“Sun Vest”), EG5 CSP1 Holding, LLC (“HEP”) and HRE MM I, LLC (“Heelstone”), which the Company holds a 99.0% limited member interest in all investments. Also included are Cape Fear Collective Impact Opportunity 1, LLC (“Cape Fear Collective”), Cape Fear Collective Impact Opportunity 2, LLC (“Cape Fear Collective 2”) and OTR Fund I, LLC (“OTR”) which the Company holds 91.0%, 32.3%, and 11.5% of limited member interests, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, there was an unfunded commitment of $7.7 million for Estrella Landing. As of December 31, 2022, Other investments include Green Sun, Sun Vest, and HEP, which the Company holds a 99.0% limited member interest in all investments. Also included within Other investments are Cape Fear Collective and Cape Fear Collective 2, which the Company holds 99.0% and 32.3% of limited member interests, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 an unfunded commitment of $2.6 million was recorded as a liability for HEP, and as of December 31, 2023, this commitment has been funded. Managing control of the above investments resides with the managing members. (8) Investments reported in Banking segment. (9) Investments reported in Other segment.
Summary of Carrying Amount of Company Investments in Non Marketable Equity Securities with No Readily Determinable Fair Value and Amounts Recognized in Earnings	The carrying amount of the Company’s investments in non-marketable equity securities with no readily determinable fair value and amounts recognized in earnings on a cumulative basis as of December 31, 2023 and for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 is reflected in the following table: Cumulative Adjustments 2023 2022 2021 Carrying value (1) $ 77,825 $ 76,438 $ 63,321 Carrying value adjustments: Impairment $ — — — — Upward changes for observable prices (2) 50,492 — 2,022 30,197 Downward changes for observable prices (1,610) (1,524) — — Net upward (downward) change $ 48,882 $ (1,524) $ 2,022 $ 30,197 (1) Includes $2.3 million, $3.0 million and $2.8 million in unfunded commitments for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. (2) Cumulative adjustments excludes $13.9 million in realized cash gains for the sale of an investment in the second quarter of 2021.
Schedule of Variable Interest Entities	The following table provides a summary of the VIEs that the Company has not consolidated as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Maximum Exposure to Loss Liability Recognized Classification Solar tax credit investments $ 6,714 $ 38,228 $ — Other assets (1) Affordable housing 15,611 15,611 7,715 Other assets & other liabilities (2) Canapi Funds 35,300 35,300 18,930 Other assets & other liabilities Non-marketable and other equity investments 8,840 8,840 2,321 Other assets & other liabilities December 31, 2022 Carrying Amount Maximum Exposure to Loss Liability Recognized Classification Solar tax credit investments $ 5,221 $ 24,295 $ 2,641 Other assets & other liabilities (3) Affordable housing 7,255 7,255 — Other assets Canapi Funds 37,021 37,021 20,474 Other assets & other liabilities Non-marketable and other equity investments 8,509 8,509 3,033 Other assets & other liabilities (1) Maximum exposure to loss represents $6.7 million of current investments and a scenario in which $31.5 million in related tax credits are recaptured. (2) Maximum exposure to loss represents $15.6 million of investments. As there are no tax credits allocated in the current year, there is no increase to the maximum exposure to loss related to recaptured tax credits on the $8.8 million LIHTC investment. (3) Maximum exposure to loss represents $5.2 million of current investments and a scenario in which related tax credits are recaptured, collectively totaling $19.1 million.

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_2

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]
Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases	The following tables show an age analysis of past due loans and leases as of the dates presented. December 31, 2023 Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due 30-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Total Carried at Amortized Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option (1) Total Loans and Leases Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 2,075,227 $ 16,570 $ 33,366 $ 49,936 $ 2,125,163 $ 151,887 $ 2,277,050 Specialty Lending 1,131,493 — — — 1,131,493 7,829 1,139,322 Energy & Infrastructure 842,907 2,806 4,044 6,850 849,757 46,185 895,942 Paycheck Protection Program 5,595 — — — 5,595 — 5,595 Total 4,055,222 19,376 37,410 56,786 4,112,008 205,901 4,317,909 Construction & Development Small Business Banking 413,349 1,745 — 1,745 415,094 — 415,094 Specialty Lending 47,419 — — — 47,419 — 47,419 Energy & Infrastructure 7,541 — — — 7,541 — 7,541 Total 468,309 1,745 — 1,745 470,054 — 470,054 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 2,414,677 18,589 32,310 50,899 2,465,576 127,358 2,592,934 Specialty Lending 511,712 — 12,032 12,032 523,744 — 523,744 Energy & Infrastructure 158,613 — 3,072 3,072 161,685 17,751 179,436 Total 3,085,002 18,589 47,414 66,003 3,151,005 145,109 3,296,114 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 531,331 1,521 1,910 3,431 534,762 37,026 571,788 Total 531,331 1,521 1,910 3,431 534,762 37,026 571,788 Total $ 8,139,864 $ 41,231 $ 86,734 $ 127,965 $ 8,267,829 $ 388,036 $ 8,655,865 Retained Loan Discount and Net Deferred Costs $ (22,018) Loan and Leases, Net $ 8,633,847 Guaranteed Balance $ 2,877,105 $ 29,183 $ 61,107 $ 90,290 $ 2,967,395 $ 66,299 $ 3,033,694 % Guaranteed 35.3% 70.8% 70.5% 70.6% 35.9% 17.1% 35.0% December 31, 2022 Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Total Carried at Amortized Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option (1) Total Loans and Leases Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 1,987,508 $ 21,987 $ 16,487 $ 38,474 $ 2,025,982 $ 195,856 $ 2,221,838 Specialty Lending 754,272 — — — 754,272 15,576 769,848 Energy & Infrastructure 420,447 — 3,082 3,082 423,529 50,094 473,623 Paycheck Protection Program 13,134 — — — 13,134 — 13,134 Total 3,175,361 21,987 19,569 41,556 3,216,917 261,526 3,478,443 Construction & Development Small Business Banking 471,243 1,500 — 1,500 472,743 — 472,743 Specialty Lending 104,069 — — — 104,069 — 104,069 Energy & Infrastructure 13,753 — — — 13,753 — 13,753 Total 589,065 1,500 — 1,500 590,565 — 590,565 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 2,149,662 12,082 5,771 17,853 2,167,515 168,409 2,335,924 Specialty Lending 306,785 — — — 306,785 236 307,021 Energy & Infrastructure 136,706 — 3,072 3,072 139,778 22,123 161,901 Total 2,593,153 12,082 8,843 20,925 2,614,078 190,768 2,804,846 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 429,014 1,663 1,917 3,580 432,594 42,164 474,758 Total 429,014 1,663 1,917 3,580 432,594 42,164 474,758 Total $ 6,786,593 $ 37,232 $ 30,329 $ 67,561 $ 6,854,154 $ 494,458 $ 7,348,612 Retained Loan Discount and Net Deferred Costs $ (4,434) Loan and Leases, Net $ 7,344,178 Guaranteed Balance $ 2,657,770 $ 20,199 $ 26,026 $ 46,225 $ 2,703,995 $ 67,268 $ 2,771,263 % Guaranteed 39.2% 54.3% 85.8% 68.4% 39.5% 13.6% 37.7% (1) Retained portions of government guaranteed loans sold prior to January 1, 2021 are carried at fair value under FASB ASC Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments: Overall. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information.
Summary of Credit Quality Indicators by Portfolio Class	The following tables present credit quality indicators by portfolio class: Term Loans and Leases Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total (1) Small Business Banking Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 990,349 $ 1,470,824 $ 1,255,664 $ 660,926 $ 363,377 $ 296,132 $ 63,963 $ 11,047 $ 5,112,282 Risk Grade 5 7,744 72,913 60,115 37,390 42,095 50,705 7,174 1,407 279,543 Risk Grades 6 - 8 2,286 31,487 29,636 35,611 18,429 28,700 2,621 — 148,770 Total 1,000,379 1,575,224 1,345,415 733,927 423,901 375,537 73,758 12,454 5,540,595 Specialty Lending Risk Grades 1 - 4 640,596 337,880 226,170 21,286 9,103 112 210,460 58,441 1,504,048 Risk Grade 5 8,858 52,767 35,453 43,080 9,223 — 20,547 5,417 175,345 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — — 12,032 — — — 7,203 4,028 23,263 Total 649,454 390,647 273,655 64,366 18,326 112 238,210 67,886 1,702,656 Energy & Infrastructure Risk Grades 1 - 4 386,421 223,309 120,917 41,919 50,035 23,308 14,818 — 860,727 Risk Grade 5 — — 104,371 13,485 7,827 18,627 — — 144,310 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — 4,024 6,303 3,619 — — — — 13,946 Total 386,421 227,333 231,591 59,023 57,862 41,935 14,818 — 1,018,983 Paycheck Protection Program Risk Grades 1 - 4 — — 2,831 2,764 — — — — 5,595 Total — — 2,831 2,764 — — — — 5,595 Total $ 2,036,254 $ 2,193,204 $ 1,853,492 $ 860,080 $ 500,089 $ 417,584 $ 326,786 $ 80,340 $ 8,267,829 Year-To-Date Small Business Banking $ — $ 5,621 $ 6,435 $ 1,058 $ 1,225 $ 525 $ 1,097 $ — $ 15,961 Specialty Lending — — — — — — 7,966 — 7,966 Total $ — $ 5,621 $ 6,435 $ 1,058 $ 1,225 $ 525 $ 9,063 $ — $ 23,927 Term Loans and Leases Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total (1) Small Business Banking Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 1,499,309 $ 1,490,346 $ 857,380 $ 438,907 $ 224,199 $ 204,933 $ 75,005 $ 1,773 $ 4,791,852 Risk Grade 5 15,942 22,295 45,541 46,655 30,523 27,212 15,549 452 204,169 Risk Grades 6 - 8 1,806 8,777 18,261 29,047 14,260 27,215 2,688 759 102,813 Total 1,517,057 1,521,418 921,182 514,609 268,982 259,360 93,242 2,984 5,098,834 Specialty Lending Risk Grades 1 - 4 562,952 266,165 82,812 13,343 268 788 143,512 31,469 1,101,309 Risk Grade 5 7,341 28,722 6,990 9,258 — — 4,280 — 56,591 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — 6,933 — — — — 293 — 7,226 Total 570,293 301,820 89,802 22,601 268 788 148,085 31,469 1,165,126 Energy & Infrastructure Risk Grades 1 - 4 199,338 176,855 39,600 51,190 23,374 19,694 12,751 351 523,153 Risk Grade 5 4,024 4,409 500 6,976 4,706 5,142 — — 25,757 Risk Grades 6 - 8 — 3,082 16,589 — 8,479 — — — 28,150 Total 203,362 184,346 56,689 58,166 36,559 24,836 12,751 351 577,060 Paycheck Protection Program Risk Grades 1 - 4 — 7,421 5,713 — — — — — 13,134 Total — 7,421 5,713 — — — — — 13,134 Total $ 2,290,712 $ 2,015,005 $ 1,073,386 $ 595,376 $ 305,809 $ 284,984 $ 254,078 $ 34,804 $ 6,854,154 (1) Excludes $388.0 million and $494.5 million of loans accounted for under the fair value option as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following tables present guaranteed and unguaranteed loan and lease balances by asset quality indicator: December 31, 2023 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance % Guaranteed Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 7,482,652 $ 2,622,558 $ 4,860,094 35.0 % Risk Grade 5 599,198 234,845 364,353 39.2 Risk Grades 6 - 8 185,979 109,992 75,987 59.1 Total $ 8,267,829 $ 2,967,395 $ 5,300,434 35.9 % December 31, 2022 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance % Guaranteed Risk Grades 1 - 4 $ 6,429,448 $ 2,508,229 $ 3,921,219 39.0 % Risk Grade 5 286,517 115,573 170,944 40.3 Risk Grades 6 - 8 138,189 80,193 57,996 58.0 Total $ 6,854,154 $ 2,703,995 $ 4,150,159 39.5 % (1) Excludes $388.0 million and $494.5 million of loans accounted for under the fair value option as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Nonaccrual Loans and Leases	Nonaccrual loans and leases as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows: December 31, 2023 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 47,558 $ 39,018 $ 8,540 $ 407 Energy & Infrastructure 6,850 2,794 4,056 2,546 Total 54,408 41,812 12,596 2,953 Construction & Development Small Business Banking 1,745 1,309 436 — Total 1,745 1,309 436 — Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 57,140 44,426 12,714 8,199 Specialty Lending 12,032 — 12,032 12,032 Energy & Infrastructure 3,072 2,799 273 — Total 72,244 47,225 25,019 20,231 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 6,566 5,332 1,234 194 Total 6,566 5,332 1,234 194 Total $ 134,963 $ 95,678 $ 39,285 $ 23,378 December 31, 2022 Loan and Lease Balance (1) Guaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Balance Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 25,968 $ 19,686 $ 6,282 $ 407 Energy & Infrastructure 3,082 2,794 288 288 Total 29,050 22,480 6,570 695 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 34,520 23,830 10,690 3,611 Energy & Infrastructure 3,072 2,799 273 — Total 37,592 26,629 10,963 3,611 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 6,750 5,499 1,251 196 Total 6,750 5,499 1,251 196 Total $ 73,392 $ 54,608 $ 18,784 $ 4,502 (1) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. When a loan or lease is placed on nonaccrual status, any accrued interest is reversed from loan interest income. The following table summarizes the amount of accrued interest reversed during the periods presented: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Commercial & Industrial $ 2,212 $ 619 Commercial Real Estate 1,041 833 Commercial Land — 127 Construction & Development 56 — Total $ 3,309 $ 1,579
Amortized Cost Basis of Collateral-Dependent Loans and Leases	The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans and leases which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: Total Collateral-Dependent Loans Unguaranteed Portion December 31, 2023 Real Estate Business Assets Other Real Estate Business Assets Other Allowance for Credit Losses Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 2,737 $ 2,426 $ — $ 421 $ 547 $ — $ 277 Specialty Lending — 4,711 — — 4,711 — — Energy & Infrastructure — 3,022 — — 227 — — Total 2,737 10,159 — 421 5,485 — 277 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 21,211 — — 6,298 — — — Total 21,211 — — 6,298 — — — Commercial Land Small Business Banking 1,735 — — 200 — — — Total 1,735 — — 200 — — — Total $ 25,683 $ 10,159 $ — $ 6,919 $ 5,485 $ — $ 277 Total Collateral-Dependent Loans Unguaranteed Portion December 31, 2022 Real Estate Business Assets Other Real Estate Business Assets Other Allowance for Credit Losses Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking $ 2,730 $ 371 $ — $ 414 $ 371 $ — $ 291 Energy & Infrastructure 16,378 — — 13,583 — — — Total 19,108 371 — 13,997 371 — 291 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 15,286 — — 6,440 — — 152 Total 15,286 — — 6,440 — — 152 Commercial Land Small Business Banking 1,743 — — 202 — — — Total 1,743 — — 202 — — — Total $ 36,137 $ 371 $ — $ 20,639 $ 371 $ — $ 443
Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses by Portfolio Segment	The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses for the periods presented: Commercial & Industrial Construction & Development Commercial Real Estate Commercial Land Total December 31, 2023 Beginning Balance $ 64,995 $ 5,101 $ 22,901 $ 3,569 $ 96,566 Adoption of ASU 2022-02 (25) (166) (83) (402) (676) Charge offs (22,510) — (1,417) — (23,927) Recoveries 839 — 1,715 — 2,554 Provision 44,282 (218) 5,748 1,511 51,323 Ending Balance $ 87,581 $ 4,717 $ 28,864 $ 4,678 $ 125,840 December 31, 2022 Beginning Balance $ 37,770 $ 3,435 $ 19,068 $ 3,311 $ 63,584 Charge offs (8,262) — (1,463) (652) (10,377) Recoveries 1,039 3 1,363 11 2,416 Provision 34,448 1,663 3,933 899 40,943 Ending Balance $ 64,995 $ 5,101 $ 22,901 $ 3,569 $ 96,566 December 31, 2021 Beginning Balance $ 26,941 $ 5,663 $ 18,148 $ 1,554 $ 52,306 Charge offs (2,912) (262) (2,731) (12) (5,917) Recoveries 172 — 1,813 — 1,985 Provision 13,569 (1,966) 1,838 1,769 15,210 Ending Balance $ 37,770 $ 3,435 $ 19,068 $ 3,311 $ 63,584
Loans Modified	The following tables summarize the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified during the periods presented. Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 Other-Than-Insignificant Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Combination - Term Extension & Payment Delay % of Total Class of Small Business Banking $ 10,090 $ 5,127 $ 3,330 $ 361 0.3 % Specialty Lending — 708 — 4,133 0.3 Energy & Infrastructure — 13,485 — — 1.4 Total $ 10,090 $ 19,320 $ 3,330 $ 4,494 2.0 % The following table presents an aging analysis of loans that were modified on or after January 1, 2023, the date the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, through December 31, 2023. Current 30-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Small Business Banking $ 18,908 $ — $ — $ — Specialty Lending 4,841 — — — Energy & Infrastructure 13,485 — — — Total $ 37,234 $ — $ — $ — The following tables summarize the financial impacts of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods presented. Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 Weighted Average Weighted Average Small Business Banking 1.41 % 67 Specialty Lending — 67 Energy & Infrastructure — 15 The following table represents the types of TDRs that were made during the periods presented: Twelve months ended December 31, 2022 Interest Only Payment Deferral Extend Amortization Other (1) Total TDRs (2) Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking — $ — 7 $ 8,795 3 $ 1,442 1 $ 490 11 $ 10,727 Specialty Lending — — 1 4,183 — — — — 1 4,183 Energy & Infrastructure — — — — 1 13,517 1 13,517 Total — — 8 12,978 4 14,959 1 490 13 28,427 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking 1 3,677 1 797 1 4,364 — — 3 8,838 Total 1 3,677 1 797 1 4,364 — — 3 8,838 Construction & Development Small Business Banking — — — — — — 2 3,081 2 3,081 Total — — — — — — 2 3,081 2 3,081 Total 1 $ 3,677 9 $ 13,775 5 $ 19,323 3 $ 3,571 18 $ 40,346 (1) Includes one small business banking loan with extend amortization and a rate concession ($490 thousand) and two small business banking loans with extended amortization and interest only ($3.1 million). (2) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. Twelve months ended December 31, 2021 Interest Only Payment Deferral Extend Amortization Other (1) Total TDRs (2) Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking — $ — 3 $ 6,097 1 $ 496 — $ — 4 $ 6,593 Total — — 3 6,097 1 496 — — 4 6,593 Commercial Real Estate Small Business Banking — — 5 6,613 — — 1 3,124 6 9,737 Total — — 5 6,613 — — 1 3,124 6 9,737 Total — $ — 8 $ 12,710 1 $ 496 1 $ 3,124 10 $ 16,330 (1) Includes one small business banking loan with extended amortization and a rate concession TDR ($3.1 million). (2) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. Restructurings made to improve a loan’s performance have varying degrees of success. The following tables present TDRs that were modified within the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 that subsequently defaulted during the period: Twelve months ended December 31, 2022 Interest Only Payment Deferral Extend Amortization Other Total TDRs (1) Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Number of Recorded investment at period end Commercial & Industrial Small Business Banking — $ — 2 $ 940 2 $ 318 — $ — 4 $ 1,258 Total — $ — 2 $ 940 2 $ 318 — $ — 4 $ 1,258 (1) Excludes loans accounted for under the fair value option. See Note 10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information.

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Net Lease Investment	The gross lease payments receivable and the net investment included in loans and leases held for investment are as follows: As of December 31, 2023 2022 Gross direct finance lease payments receivable $ 2,335 $ 4,284 Less - unearned interest (218) (479) Net investment in direct financing leases $ 2,117 $ 3,805
Future Minimum Finance Lease Payments Receivable	Future minimum lease payments receivable under direct finance leases are as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Amount 2024 $ 1,250 2025 968 2026 117 Total $ 2,335
Maturity Analysis of Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments Receivable	A maturity analysis of future minimum lease payments receivable under non-cancelable operating leases is as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Amount 2024 $ 9,055 2025 8,738 2026 8,721 2027 8,483 2028 3,837 Thereafter 9,708 Total $ 48,542
Summary of Components of Lease Expense	The components of lease expense are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Operating lease cost $ 820 $ 1,224 Short-term lease cost 123 99 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets — 4 Interest expense on lease liabilities — — Total net lease cost $ 943 $ 1,327
Summary of Consolidated Balance Sheet Related to Operating and Finance Leases	Supplemental disclosure for the consolidated balance sheets related to operating leases is as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Operating lease right-of-use asset $ 2,799 $ 2,118 Operating lease liability 3,180 2,558
Summary of Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term and Weighted Average Discount Rate for Leases	The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for leases are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Weighted average remaining lease term (years) Operating leases 10.58 10.62 Weighted average discount rate Operating leases 3.64 % 3.14 %
Summary of Operating Lease Liabilities	A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities is as follows: As of December 31, 2023 Operating Leases 2024 $ 718 2025 571 2026 508 2027 500 2028 333 Thereafter 1,231 Total lease payments 3,861 Less: imputed interest (681) Total lease liabilities $ 3,180

Servicing Assets (Tables)

Servicing Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]
Summary of Activity Pertaining to Servicing Rights	The following summarizes the activity pertaining to servicing rights measured at fair value: 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 26,323 $ 33,574 Additions, net 16,977 9,326 Fair value changes: Due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions (1) 14,297 (5,934) Decay due to increases in principal paydowns or runoff (9,411) (10,643) Balance at end of period $ 48,186 $ 26,323 (1) The twelve month period ended December 31, 2023, includes a $13.7 million increase related to change in estimate implemented on July 1, 2023.

Premises and Equipment (Tables)

Premises and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment	Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the following generally estimated useful lives: Years Buildings 39 Transportation 5-10 Land improvements 10-15 Furniture and equipment 5-10 Hardware and software 3-5 Solar panels 20-25 Components of premises and equipment and total accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 2023 2022 Buildings $ 54,746 $ 54,746 Land improvements 5,213 5,180 Furniture and equipment 19,537 19,117 Hardware and software 16,698 10,264 Leasehold improvements 7,678 7,705 Land 17,998 15,982 Transportation 22,279 49,766 Solar panels 162,348 163,391 Deposits on fixed assets 48,518 33,966 Premises and equipment, total 355,015 360,117 Less accumulated depreciation (97,134) (96,827) Premises and equipment, net of depreciation $ 257,881 $ 263,290

Deposits (Tables)

Deposits (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Deposits Liabilities, Balance Sheet, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Types of Deposits	The types of deposits at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are: 2023 2022 Noninterest-bearing deposits $ 259,270 $ 194,100 Interest-bearing deposits: Interest-bearing checking 301,006 — Money market 135,551 128,443 Savings 4,497,376 4,096,576 Time deposits 5,081,816 4,465,809 Total 10,015,749 8,690,828 Total deposits $ 10,275,019 $ 8,884,928
Schedule of Maturities of Time Deposits	At December 31, 2023 the scheduled maturities of total time deposits are as follows: Year Amount 2024 $ 3,452,692 2025 556,766 2026 370,858 2027 258,963 2028 156,472 Thereafter 286,065 Total $ 5,081,816

Borrowings (Tables)

Borrowings (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Total Outstanding Borrowings	Total outstanding borrowings consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, Borrowings In March 2021, the Company entered into a 60-month term loan agreement of $50.0 million with a third party correspondent bank. The loan accrues interest at a fixed rate of 2.95% with a monthly payment sufficient to fully amortize the loan, with all remaining unpaid principal and interest due at maturity on March 30, 2026. The Company paid the Lender a non-refundable $325 thousand loan origination fee upon signing of the Note that is presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the loan and will be amortized into interest expense over the life of the loan. $ 23,354 $ 33,203 On December 30, 2022, the Company made an advance of $50.0 million on an overnight Fed Funds line of credit that is unsecured with an interest rate of 4.65%. The Company paid down the balance in full on January 3, 2023 and there is $100.0 million of available credit remaining at December 31, 2023. — 50,000 Total borrowings $ 23,354 $ 83,203

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Income Tax Expense	The components of income tax expense for the years ended December 31 are as follows: 2023 2022 2021 Current income tax expense: Federal $ 24,051 $ 3,686 $ 12,774 State 7,042 3,301 6,211 Total current tax expense 31,093 6,987 18,985 Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: Federal (20,914) 23,838 22,886 State (1,247) 3,291 1,922 Total deferred tax (benefit) expense (22,161) 27,129 24,808 Income tax expense, as reported $ 8,932 $ 34,116 $ 43,793
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	Reported income tax expense differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21% in 2023, 2022 and 2021 to income before income taxes as follows: 2023 2022 2021 Income tax expense computed at the statutory rate $ 17,394 $ 44,168 $ 44,266 State income tax expense, net of federal 4,316 5,899 6,426 Stock-based compensation expense 2,084 73 (4,689) Decrease in taxes due to investment tax credit (16,390) (16,361) (3,392) Amended return net benefits — (3,261) — Other 1,528 3,598 1,182 Total income tax expense $ 8,932 $ 34,116 $ 43,793
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets: Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale $ 26,753 $ 29,153 Allowance for loan and lease losses 30,576 27,159 Stock-based compensation expense 2,599 5,248 Capitalized research and experimentation costs 4,726 3,780 Accrued expenses 1,283 1,070 Operating lease liabilities 773 618 Goodwill and intangibles — 14 Unguaranteed loan discount 319 — Deferred loan fees and costs, net 101 — Other 1,806 1,147 Total deferred tax assets 68,936 68,189 Deferred tax liabilities: Premises and equipment 37,381 39,054 Net unrealized gains on non-marketable and other equity securities 18,165 22,309 Mark to market on loans held for sale 6,294 14,036 Unguaranteed loan discount — 4,309 Deferred loan fees and costs, net — 1,332 Operating lease right-of-use assets 680 511 Goodwill and intangibles 19 — Other 11 13 Total deferred tax liabilities 62,550 81,564 Net deferred tax asset (liability) $ 6,386 $ (13,375)

Fair Value of Financial Instr_2

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Rollforward of Level 3 Equity Warrant Asset Fair Values	The table below provides a rollforward of the Level 3 equity warrant asset fair values. Twelve months ended December 31, Equity Warrant Assets 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 2,210 $ 1,672 Issuances 1,005 833 Net gains on derivative instruments 19 671 Settlements (360) (966) Balance at end of period $ 2,874 $ 2,210
Record Amount of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis	The tables below present the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. December 31, 2023 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investment securities available-for-sale U.S. government agencies $ 17,529 $ — $ 17,529 $ — Mortgage-backed securities 1,105,592 — 1,105,592 — Municipal bonds (1) 3,039 — 2,954 85 Loans held for investment 388,036 — — 388,036 Servicing assets (2) 48,186 — — 48,186 Mutual fund 1,645 — 1,645 — Equity warrant assets 2,874 — — 2,874 Total assets at fair value $ 1,566,901 $ — $ 1,127,720 $ 439,181 December 31, 2022 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investment securities available-for-sale U.S. government agencies $ 15,668 $ — $ 15,668 $ — Mortgage-backed securities 995,574 — 995,574 — Municipal bonds (1) 2,977 — 2,884 93 Other debt securities 500 — 500 — Loans held for investment 494,458 — — 494,458 Servicing assets (2) 26,323 — — 26,323 Mutual fund 1,656 — 1,656 — Equity warrant assets 2,210 — — 2,210 Total assets at fair value $ 1,539,366 $ — $ 1,016,282 $ 523,084 (1) During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a principal paydown of $1 thousand and a fair value adjustment loss of $7 thousand. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a principal paydown of $1 thousand and a fair value adjustment loss of $2 thousand. (2) See Note 5 for a rollforward of recurring Level 3 fair values for servicing assets.
Summary of Fair Value Carrying Amount and Unpaid Principal Outstanding of Loans Under Fair Value Option	The following tables provide more information about the fair value carrying amount and the unpaid principal outstanding of loans accounted for under the fair value option at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. December 31, 2023 Total Loans Nonaccruals 90 Days or More Past Due Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Option Elections Loans held for investment $ 388,036 $ 407,544 $ (19,508) $ 48,474 $ 50,749 $ (2,275) $ 36,490 $ 37,939 $ (1,449) $ 388,036 $ 407,544 $ (19,508) $ 48,474 $ 50,749 $ (2,275) $ 36,490 $ 37,939 $ (1,449) December 31, 2022 Total Loans Nonaccruals 90 Days or More Past Due Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Fair Value Option Elections Loans held for investment $ 494,458 $ 513,219 $ (18,761) $ 44,890 $ 46,993 $ (2,103) $ 24,663 $ 26,321 $ (1,658) $ 494,458 $ 513,219 $ (18,761) $ 44,890 $ 46,993 $ (2,103) $ 24,663 $ 26,321 $ (1,658)
Schedule of Net Gains (Losses) from Changes in Fair Value	The following table presents the net (losses) gains from changes in fair value. Twelve Months Ended (Losses) Gains on Loans Accounted for under the Fair Value Option 2023 2022 Loans held for sale $ — $ 1,521 Loans held for investment (3,539) (475) $ (3,539) $ 1,046
Summary of the Activity Pertaining to Loans Accounted for Under Fair Value Option	The following tables summarize the activity pertaining to loans accounted for under the fair value option. Twelve Months Ended December 31, Loans held for sale 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ — $ 25,310 Repurchases and issuances — 65 Fair value changes — 1,521 Transfers — (26,219) Settlements — (677) Balance at end of period $ — $ — Twelve Months Ended December 31, Loans held for investment 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 494,458 $ 645,201 Repurchases and issuances 22,955 18,629 Fair value changes (3,539) (475) Transfers — 26,219 Settlements (125,838) (195,116) Balance at end of period $ 388,036 $ 494,458
Recorded Amount of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis	The tables below present the recorded amount of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The Company has no liabilities recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis. December 31, 2023 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,503 $ — $ — $ 4,503 Foreclosed assets 6,481 — — 6,481 Total assets at fair value $ 10,984 $ — $ — $ 10,984 December 31, 2022 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,840 $ — $ — $ 4,840 Total assets at fair value $ 4,840 $ — $ — $ 4,840
Analysis of Level 3 Valuation Techniques	For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows: December 31, 2023 Level 3 Assets with Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Range Weighted Average (1) Recurring fair value Municipal bond $ 85 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 7.0% N/A Prepayment speed 5.0% N/A Loans held for investment $ 388,036 Discounted expected cash flows Loss rate 0.0% - 7.4% 1.2 % Discount rate 6.7% - 18.0% 9.6 % Prepayment speed 14.0% - 30.3% 16.0 % Servicing assets $ 48,186 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 14.5% 14.5 % Prepayment speed 11.8% - 17.8% 15.3 % Equity warrant assets $ 2,874 Black-Scholes option pricing model Volatility 26.9% - 90.0% 35.8 % Risk-free interest rate 3.8% - 3.9% 3.9 % Marketability discount 20.0% - 25.0% 22.7 % Remaining life 3.9 - 10 years 7.6 years Non-recurring fair value Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,503 Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments (2) 10.0% - 70.0% 38.7 % Foreclosed assets $ 6,481 Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments (2) 10.0% - 17.4% 10.4 % December 31, 2022 Level 3 Assets with Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Range Weighted Average (1) Recurring fair value Municipal bond $ 93 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 6.0% N/A Prepayment speed 5.0% N/A Loans held for investment $ 494,458 Discounted expected cash flows Loss rate 0.0 % - 79.3 % 1.9 % Discount rate 7.5 % - 11.2 % 10.0 % Prepayment speed 16.5% 16.5 % Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments 0.0 % - 77.3 % 28.6 % Servicing assets $ 26,323 Discounted expected cash flows Discount rate 0.0 % - 32.0% 20.8 % Prepayment speed 0.0 % - 37.4 % 15.7 % Equity warrant assets $ 2,210 Black-Scholes option pricing model Volatility 26.5 % - 90.0 % 34.2 % Risk-free interest rate 3.9 % - 4.0 % 3.9 % Marketability discount 20.0 % 20.0 % Remaining life 3 - 10 years 7.7 years Non-recurring fair value Collateral-dependent loans $ 4,840 Discounted appraisals Appraisal adjustments (2) 10.0 % - 66.5 % 34.2 % (1) Weighted averages are determined by the relative fair value of the instruments or the relative contribution to the instruments fair value. (2) Appraisals may be adjusted by management for customized discounting criteria, estimated sales costs, and other qualitative adjustments.
Carrying Amount and Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments	The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis are as follows: December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Quoted Price In Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Fair Value Financial assets Cash and due from banks $ 582,540 $ 582,540 $ — $ — $ 582,540 Certificates of deposit with other banks 250 250 — — 250 Loans held for sale 387,037 — — 402,096 402,096 Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases 8,119,971 — — 8,600,046 8,600,046 Financial liabilities Deposits 10,275,019 — 10,080,182 — 10,080,182 Borrowings 23,354 — — 22,844 22,844 December 31, 2022 Carrying Amount Quoted Price In Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Fair Value Financial assets Cash and due from banks $ 280,239 $ 280,239 $ — $ — $ 280,239 Federal funds sold 136,397 136,397 — — 136,397 Certificates of deposit with other banks 4,000 4,000 — — 4,000 Loans held for sale 554,610 — — 577,254 577,254 Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases 6,753,154 — — 6,652,936 6,652,936 Financial liabilities Deposits 8,884,928 — 8,532,615 — 8,532,615 Borrowings 83,203 — — 82,258 82,258

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Commitments	A summary of the Company’s commitments is as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commitments to extend credit (1) $ 2,921,978 $ 2,731,866 Standby letters of credit 20,487 26,454 Airplane purchase agreement commitments 9,000 24,000 Total unfunded off-balance sheet credit risk $ 2,951,465 $ 2,782,320 (1) Includes unfunded overdraft protection.
Schedules of Concentration of Risk, by Risk Factor	The following table presents the geographic concentration of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio at December 31, 2023: % of Total Geographic Regions (1) Midwest 12.4 % Northeast 18.7 Southeast 30.8 Southwest 12.2 West 25.9 Total 100.0 % (1) Concentrations are stated as a percentage of total unguaranteed loans held for investment. Midwest consists of ND, SD, NE, KS, MN, IA,WI, MO, IL, IN, MI and OH. Northeast consists of MD, DE, PA, NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, VT, ME and NH. Southeast consists of AR, LA, MS, TN, AL, GA, FL, SC, KY, NC, VA, WV, DC, PR and VI. Southwest consists of AZ, NM, TX and OK. West consists of WA, OR, CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, CO, UT, AK and HI.

Benefit Plans (Tables)

Benefit Plans (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock Option Activity	Stock option activity under the 2015 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan during the year ended December 31, 2023 is summarized below. Shares Weighted Average Weighted Average Aggregate Outstanding at December 31, 2022 825,114 $ 12.73 Exercised (148,551) 12.71 Outstanding at December 31, 2023 676,563 $ 12.74 1.31 years $ 22,165,930 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 676,563 $ 12.74 1.31 years $ 22,165,930
Summary of Non-vested Stock Option Activity	The following is a summary of non-vested stock option activity for the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested at December 31, 2020 1,022,636 $ 5.38 Vested (592,693) 4.35 Forfeited (47,093) 7.28 Non-vested at December 31, 2021 382,850 6.75 Vested (336,464) 6.85 Forfeited (8,626) 6.95 Non-vested at December 31, 2022 37,760 6.60 Vested (37,760) 6.60 Non-vested at December 31, 2023 — $ —
Restricted Stock Unit Activity	The following is a summary of non-vested RSU stock activity for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023. Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested at December 31, 2022 2,409,698 $ 43.63 Granted 927,838 34.83 Vested (565,790) 41.87 Forfeited (543,510) 47.39 Non-vested at December 31, 2023 2,228,236 $ 39.50

Regulatory Matters (Tables)

Regulatory Matters (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Regulated Operations [Abstract]
Schedule of Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations	Capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, are presented in the following table. Actual Minimum Capital Minimum To Be Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Consolidated - December 31, 2023 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 960,433 11.73 % $ 368,549 4.50 % N/A N/A Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 1,063,157 12.98 % $ 655,198 8.00 % N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 960,433 11.73 % $ 491,399 6.00 % N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 960,433 8.58 % $ 447,561 4.00 % N/A N/A Bank - December 31, 2023 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 823,478 10.40 % $ 356,426 4.50 % $ 514,837 6.50 % Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 922,876 11.65 % $ 633,646 8.00 % $ 792,057 10.00 % Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 823,478 10.40 % $ 475,234 6.00 % $ 633,646 8.00 % Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 823,478 7.41 % $ 444,480 4.00 % $ 555,600 5.00 % Consolidated - December 31, 2022 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 888,235 12.47 % $ 320,446 4.50 % N/A N/A Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 977,360 13.73 % $ 569,681 8.00% N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 888,235 12.47 % $ 427,261 6.00% N/A N/A Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 888,235 9.26 % $ 383,499 4.00% N/A N/A Bank - December 31, 2022 Common Equity Tier 1 (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 730,092 10.70 % $ 307,179 4.50 % $ 443,703 6.50 % Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 815,577 11.95 % $ 546,096 8.00% $ 682,620 10.00% Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) $ 730,092 10.70 % $ 409,572 6.00% $ 546,096 8.00% Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) $ 730,092 7.70 % $ 379,396 4.00% $ 474,245 5.00%

Related Party Disclosures (Tabl

Related Party Disclosures (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Schedule of Related Party Loan Activity	The following table provides related party loan activity during 2023: Amount Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ 21,738 Loan originations 3,723 Loan repayments (2,537) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 22,924

Segments (Tables)

Segments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Segment Information	The following tables provide financial information for the Company's segments. The information provided under the caption “Other” represents operations not considered to be reportable segments and/or general operating expenses of the Company, and includes the parent company, other non-bank subsidiaries and elimination adjustments to reconcile the results of the operating segments to the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP. Banking Fintech Other Consolidated As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 Interest income $ 687,655 $ 39 $ 581 $ 688,275 Interest expense 341,789 — 1,181 342,970 Net interest income 345,866 39 (600) 345,305 Provision for loan and lease credit losses 51,323 — — 51,323 Noninterest income 101,054 8,297 2,382 111,733 Noninterest expense 303,695 10,458 8,732 322,885 Income tax (benefit) expense 9,106 1,034 (1,208) 8,932 Net income (loss) $ 82,796 $ (3,156) $ (5,742) $ 73,898 Total assets $ 11,145,385 $ 131,310 $ (5,272) $ 11,271,423 As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 Interest income $ 444,307 $ 93 $ 73 $ 444,473 Interest expense 115,324 — 1,648 116,972 Net interest income 328,983 93 (1,575) 327,501 Provision for loan and lease credit losses 40,943 — — 40,943 Noninterest income 80,562 155,028 2,402 237,992 Noninterest expense 296,891 9,413 7,922 314,226 Income tax (benefit) expense (226) 36,016 (1,674) 34,116 Net income (loss) $ 71,937 $ 109,692 $ (5,421) $ 176,208 Total assets $ 9,672,458 $ 124,249 $ 58,791 $ 9,855,498 As of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 Interest income $ 360,986 $ 201 $ 26 $ 361,213 Interest expense 63,119 — 1,309 64,428 Net interest income 297,867 201 (1,283) 296,785 Provision for loan and lease credit losses 15,210 — — 15,210 Noninterest income 114,363 43,141 2,696 160,200 Noninterest expense 215,819 5,395 9,773 230,987 Income tax (benefit) expense 35,539 10,280 (2,026) 43,793 Net income (loss) $ 145,662 $ 27,667 $ (6,334) $ 166,995 Total assets $ 8,053,212 $ 121,889 $ 38,292 $ 8,213,393

Parent Company Only Financial_2

Parent Company Only Financial Statements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Balance Sheets	Balance Sheets As of December 31, 2023 2022 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 81,897 $ 103,238 Investment in subsidiaries 843,978 704,905 Other assets 14,518 50,801 Total assets $ 940,393 $ 858,944 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Borrowings $ 23,354 $ 33,203 Other liabilities 14,373 14,708 Total liabilities 37,727 47,911 Shareholders' equity: Common stock 344,568 330,854 Retained earnings 642,817 572,497 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (84,719) (92,318) Total shareholders' equity 902,666 811,033 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 940,393 $ 858,944
Statements of Income	Statements of Income Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Interest income $ 581 $ 73 $ 25 Interest expense 1,182 1,648 1,309 Net interest loss (601) (1,575) (1,284) Noninterest income: Other noninterest income (290) (107) 716 Total noninterest income (290) (107) 716 Noninterest expense: Salaries and employee benefits 1,549 1,444 5,120 Professional services expense 1,540 1,163 679 Other expense 2,384 1,907 789 Total noninterest expense 5,473 4,514 6,588 Net loss before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries (6,364) (6,196) (7,156) Income tax benefit (1,010) (1,358) (1,615) Net loss (5,354) (4,838) (5,541) Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries in excess of dividends from subsidiaries 79,252 181,046 172,536 Net income attributable to Live Oak Bancshares, Inc. $ 73,898 $ 176,208 $ 166,995
Statements of Cash Flows	Statements of Cash Flows Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Cash flows from operating activities Net income $ 73,898 $ 176,208 $ 166,995 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries in excess of dividends of subsidiaries (79,252) (181,046) (172,536) Subsidiary vesting of restricted stock and other (10,474) (14,862) 2,679 Deferred tax (benefit) expense (15) 434 30,070 Stock option compensation expense 272 942 1,379 Restricted stock compensation expense 17,603 19,405 15,572 Business combination contingent consideration fair value adjustments 125 (86) 99 Net change in other assets 36,283 (2,846) (22,645) Net change in other liabilities 299 (1,626) (11,243) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 38,739 (3,477) 10,370 Cash flows from investing activities Capital (investment in) return on subsidiaries (40,000) 121,750 (26,407) Purchases of equity security investments (132) (182) (84) Purchases of equity method investments (612) (904) (237) Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (40,744) 120,664 (26,728) Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from borrowings 71 12,096 57,675 Repayment of borrowings (9,920) (29,627) (21,429) Stock option exercises 1,168 2,118 4,158 Employee stock purchase program 1,396 1,067 670 Withholding cash issued in lieu of restricted stock and other (6,725) (4,972) (19,151) Repurchase and retirement of shares — — (953) Shareholder dividend distributions (5,326) (5,266) (5,186) Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (19,336) (24,584) 15,784 Net change in cash and cash equivalents (21,341) 92,603 (574) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 103,238 10,635 11,209 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 81,897 $ 103,238 $ 10,635

Organization and Summary of S_4

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments | segment	2
Total Loans and Leases	$ 8,655,865	$ 7,348,612
Adoption of accounting standards update, adjustment to retained earnings	902,666	811,033	$ 715,133		$ 567,850
Retained Earnings [Member]
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Adoption of accounting standards update, adjustment to retained earnings	$ 642,817	572,497	$ 400,893		$ 235,724
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Adoption of accounting standards update, adjustment to retained earnings		676
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment | Retained Earnings [Member]
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Adoption of accounting standards update, adjustment to retained earnings		676
Restatement Adjustment | Specialty Lending
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases		(297,200)
Restatement Adjustment | Small Business Banking
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases		$ 297,200
Unguaranteed Balance
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss				$ 1,000
Maximum | Unguaranteed Balance
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss				$ 250
Significant Influence
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Limited partnership board involvement ownership percentage	5%
Significant Influence | Minimum
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Limited liability companies privately held ownership interest	20%

Organization and Summary of S_5

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Use Of Estimates (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 01, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases				$ 8,655,865	$ 7,348,612
Noninterest income				111,733	237,992	$ 160,200
Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases				388,036	$ 494,458
Change in Accounting Method Accounted for as Change in Estimate
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Allowance for credit loss, period increase			$ 1,500
Increase in reserve on unfunded commitments			$ 2,400
Increase in servicing assets	$ 13,700			$ 13,700
Noninterest income		$ 15,000
Change in Accounting Method Accounted for as Change in Estimate | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	$ 1,300

Organization and Summary of S_6

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash and Cash Equivalents and Certificates of Deposit with other Banks (Details) - Maximum $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Cash And Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
FDIC insurable amount	$ 250
Certificates of Deposit
Cash And Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Investment interest rate	4.60%

Organization and Summary of S_7

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Federal home loan bank stock	$ 6.8	$ 4.1

Organization and Summary of S_8

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Loans and Leases (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Loans Receivable Held-for-sale, Net, Reconciliation to Cash Flow [Roll Forward]
Retention percentage of unguaranteed portion of loan participating interest.	7.50%
SBA Loan
Loans Receivable Held-for-sale, Net, Reconciliation to Cash Flow [Roll Forward]
Percentage of principal balance required to be retained	10%
USDA loan
Loans Receivable Held-for-sale, Net, Reconciliation to Cash Flow [Roll Forward]
Percentage of principal balance required to be retained	5%

Organization and Summary of S_9

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Loans Receivable Held-for-sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Loans Receivable Held-for-sale, Net, Reconciliation to Cash Flow [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of year	$ 554,610	$ 1,116,519
Originations	877,083	1,042,061	$ 1,364,168
Proceeds from sale	(1,362,803)	(1,067,758)	(1,092,222)
Gain on sale of loans	46,545	43,244	67,280
Principal collections, net of deferred fees and costs	(70,179)	(116,886)
Non-cash transfers, net	341,781	(462,570)
Balance at end of period	$ 387,037	$ 554,610	$ 1,116,519

Organization and Summary of _10

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures	$ 4,800	$ 1,500
Unguaranteed Balance
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss			$ 1,000
Maximum | Unguaranteed Balance
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss			$ 250

Organization and Summary of _11

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) term	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of additional terms | term	2
Impairment expense | $	$ 499	$ 0	$ 904
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of contract	3 years
Term of contract, operating lease	10 years
Minimum | Equipment Leased to Other Party
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Useful life	20 years
Salvage value, percentage	20%
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of contract	7 years
Term of contract, operating lease	15 years
Maximum | Equipment Leased to Other Party
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Useful life	25 years
Salvage value, percentage	50%

Organization and Summary of _12

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023
Buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	39 years
Transportation | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	5 years
Transportation | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	10 years
Land improvements | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	10 years
Land improvements | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	15 years
Furniture and equipment | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	5 years
Furniture and equipment | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	10 years
Hardware and software | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	3 years
Hardware and software | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	5 years
Solar panels | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	20 years
Solar panels | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	25 years

Organization and Summary of _13

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Derivative Financial Instruments (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Term of warrant	10 years

Organization and Summary of _14

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Goodwill	$ 1,800,000	$ 1,800,000
Carrying amount of intangible assets	1,700,000	1,900,000
Accumulated amortization of intangible assets	$ 573,000	421,000
Intangible assets subject to amortization, remaining amortization period (in years)	15 years
Impairment related charges	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Organization and Summary of _15

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Long-Lived Asset Reclassified to Held for Sale (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) asset	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Gain on disposal	$ (377)	$ (31)	$ 48
Premises and equipment, net	$ 257,881	$ 263,290
Air Transportation Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of long-lived assets reclassified to held-for-sale | asset	2
Carrying amount of aircraft	$ 30,200
Number of long-lived assets held-for-sale | asset	1
Premises and equipment, net	$ 16,000
Air Transportation Equipment | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of long-lived assets disposed by sale | asset	1
Gain on disposal	$ 4,400		$ 114

Organization and Summary of _16

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Common Stock (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares	Jun. 11, 2014 class
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Number of class of common stock | class		2
Private Placement | Class A Common Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Non-voting common stock converted to voting common stock in private sale (in shares) | shares	125,024
Non-voting common stock converted to voting common stock in private sale | $	$ 1.3

Organization and Summary of _17

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Basic earnings per share:
Net income	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding (in shares)	44,353,708	43,862,291	43,169,935
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.67	$ 4.02	$ 3.87
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income, for diluted earnings per share	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding (in shares)	44,353,708	43,862,291	43,169,935
Add effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock grants (in shares)	741,171	1,044,019	1,901,369
Total weighted-average diluted shares outstanding (in shares)	45,094,879	44,906,310	45,071,304
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.64	$ 3.92	$ 3.71
Anti-dilutive stock options and restricted shares (in shares)	1,233,230	1,413,738	37,401

Securities - Carrying Amount an

Securities - Carrying Amount and Fair Value of Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 1,237,633	$ 1,136,190
Unrealized Gains	468	270
Unrealized Losses	111,941	121,741
Fair Value	1,126,160	1,014,719
U.S. government agencies
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	17,809	16,080
Unrealized Gains	2	0
Unrealized Losses	282	412
Fair Value	17,529	15,668
Mortgage-backed securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	1,216,624	1,116,387
Unrealized Gains	466	270
Unrealized Losses	111,498	121,083
Fair Value	1,105,592	995,574
Municipal bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	3,200	3,223
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	161	246
Fair Value	$ 3,039	2,977
Other debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost		500
Unrealized Gains		0
Unrealized Losses		0
Fair Value		$ 500

Securities - Narrative (Details

Securities - Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) security	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) security	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) security
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Other than temporary impairment losses | $	$ 0
Unrealized gain (loss) on equity securities | $	(1,500,000)	$ 1,900,000	$ 44,000,000
Collateral Pledged
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Debt securities, available-for-sale, restricted | $	$ 0	$ 0
Called Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Number of investment securities sold	3
Proceeds from sale of investment securities | $	$ 13,000,000
Sale of Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Number of investment securities sold	4	20	12
Proceeds from sale of investment securities | $	$ 7,000,000	$ 36,500,000	$ 33,100,000
Matured Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Number of investment securities sold		2	1
Proceeds from sale of investment securities | $		$ 7,500,000	$ 5,000,000
Mortgage-backed securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Number of securities in unrealized loss portions for longer than 12 months	409	185
Number of securities in unrealized loss positions for less than 12 months	27	236
U.S. government agencies
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Number of securities in unrealized loss portions for longer than 12 months	5
Number of securities in unrealized loss positions for less than 12 months		5
Municipal bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Number of securities in unrealized loss portions for longer than 12 months	2	1
Number of securities in unrealized loss positions for less than 12 months		1

Securities - Debt Securities Av

Securities - Debt Securities Available-for-Sale in Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, fair value	$ 138,823	$ 532,191
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, unrealized losses	3,431	29,713
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, fair value	904,795	457,065
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, unrealized losses	108,510	92,028
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, fair value	1,043,618	989,256
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, unrealized losses	111,941	121,741
U.S. government agencies
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, fair value	0	15,668
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, unrealized losses	0	412
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, fair value	15,057	0
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, unrealized losses	282	0
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, fair value	15,057	15,668
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, unrealized losses	282	412
Mortgage-backed securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, fair value	138,823	513,639
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, unrealized losses	3,431	29,060
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, fair value	886,699	456,972
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, unrealized losses	108,067	92,023
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, fair value	1,025,522	970,611
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, unrealized losses	111,498	121,083
Municipal bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, fair value	0	2,884
Securities in unrealized loss position, less than 12 months, unrealized losses	0	241
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, fair value	3,039	93
Securities in unrealized loss position, 12 months or more, unrealized losses	161	5
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, fair value	3,039	2,977
Securities in unrealized loss position, total, unrealized losses	$ 161	$ 246

Securities - Summary of Investm

Securities - Summary of Investment Securities by Maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Amortized Cost, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Amortized Cost	$ 1,237,633	$ 1,136,190
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Fair Value, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Fair Value	1,126,160	1,014,719
U.S. government agencies
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Amortized Cost, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Within one year, amortized cost	3,000
One to five years, amortized cost	12,430
Five to ten years, amortized cost	2,379
Amortized Cost	17,809	16,080
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Fair Value, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Within one year, fair value	2,976
One to five years, fair value	12,218
Five to ten years, fair value	2,335
Fair Value	17,529	15,668
Mortgage-backed securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Amortized Cost, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Within one year, amortized cost	12,358
One to five years, amortized cost	179,740
Five to ten years, amortized cost	240,665
After 10 years, amortized cost	783,861
Amortized Cost	1,216,624	1,116,387
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Fair Value, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Within one year, fair value	12,319
One to five years, fair value	170,908
Five to ten years, fair value	216,013
After 10 years, fair value	706,352
Fair Value	1,105,592	995,574
Municipal bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Amortized Cost, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Five to ten years, amortized cost	3,103
After 10 years, amortized cost	97
Amortized Cost	3,200	3,223
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Fair Value, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Five to ten years, fair value	2,954
After 10 years, fair value	85
Fair Value	$ 3,039	2,977
Other debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Amortized Cost, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Amortized Cost		500
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Fair Value, Rolling Maturity [Abstract]
Fair Value		$ 500

Securities - Carrying and Owner

Securities - Carrying and Ownership Percentage of Each Equity Method Investment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 118,914	$ 110,058
Apiture, Inc.
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 60,682	$ 60,320
Equity method investment ownership percentage	40.40%	40.30%
Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 18,190	$ 19,246
Equity method investment ownership percentage	2.90%	2.90%
Canapi Ventures Fund, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 2,267	$ 2,382
Equity method investment ownership percentage	1.50%	1.50%
Canapi Ventures Fund II, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 7,232	$ 7,412
Equity method investment ownership percentage	1.60%	1.60%
Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund II, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 7,611	$ 7,981
Equity method investment ownership percentage	2.90%	3.70%
Other Investments In Fintech Private Companies
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 0	$ 241
Equity method investment ownership percentage		4.30%
Other
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 22,932	$ 12,476
Equity method investment ownership percentage	Various	Various

Securities - Carrying and Own_2

Securities - Carrying and Ownership Percentage of Each Equity Method Investment Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Estrella Landing
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, committed amount of investment	$ 7,700
Equity method investment ownership percentage	99.90%
Green Sun, Sun Vest, HEP, And Heelstone
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment ownership percentage	99%
Green Sun, Sun Vest and HEP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment ownership percentage		99%
Cape Fear Collective
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment ownership percentage	91%	99%
Cape Fear Collective 2
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment ownership percentage	32.30%	32.30%
OTR Fund I, LLC
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment ownership percentage	11.50%
HEP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, committed amount of investment		$ 2,600
Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, committed amount of investment	$ 5,000	5,500
Canapi Ventures Fund, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, committed amount of investment	559	617
Canapi Ventures Fund II, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, committed amount of investment	6,300	6,900
Canapi Ventures SBIC Fund II, LP
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, committed amount of investment	$ 7,100	$ 7,500

Securities - Carrying Amount of

Securities - Carrying Amount of Company Investments in Non Marketable Equity Securities with No Readily Determinable Fair Value and Amounts Recognized in Earnings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cumulative Adjustments Carrying value adjustments :
Carrying value	$ 77,825	$ 76,438	$ 63,321
Carrying value adjustments:
Cumulative adjustments, impairment	0
Cumulative adjustments, upward changes for observable prices	50,492
Cumulative adjustments, downward changes for observable prices	(1,610)
Cumulative adjustments, net upward change	48,882
Impairment	0	0	0
Upward changes for observable prices	0	2,022	30,197
Downward changes for observable prices	(1,524)	0	0
Net upward change	$ (1,524)	$ 2,022	$ 30,197

Securities - Carrying Amount _2

Securities - Carrying Amount of Company Investments in Non Marketable Equity Securities with No Readily Determinable Fair Value and Amounts Recognized in Earnings (Parenthetical) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Equity security investments, committed amount		$ 2.3	$ 3	$ 2.8
Realized cash gains for sale of investment	$ 13.9

Securities - Summary of Variabl

Securities - Summary of Variable Interest Entities Not Consolidated (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Liability Recognized	$ 10,368,757	$ 9,044,465
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Solar tax credit investments
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	6,714	5,221
Maximum Exposure to Loss	38,228	24,295
Liability Recognized	0	2,641
Investment tax credit recapture	31,500	19,100
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Affordable housing
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	15,611	7,255
Maximum Exposure to Loss	15,611	7,255
Liability Recognized	7,715	0
LIHTC investment	8,800
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Canapi Funds
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	35,300	37,021
Maximum Exposure to Loss	35,300	37,021
Liability Recognized	18,930	20,474
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Non-marketable and other equity investments
Schedule Of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	8,840	8,509
Maximum Exposure to Loss	8,840	8,509
Liability Recognized	$ 2,321	$ 3,033

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_3

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]
CARES ACT of 2020 government guarantee percentage	100%
Loans greater than 90 days or more past due still accruing	$ 0	$ 0
Interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans and leases	0	0
Accrued interest receivable on loans	$ 63,500,000	$ 46,500,000
Financing Receivable, Accrued Interest, after Allowance for Credit Loss, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other assets	Other assets
Commitments to lend	$ 1,200,000
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking | Payment Deferral
Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Recorded investment			$ 50,000

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_4

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Summary of Total Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Aging Analysis of Portfolio Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	$ 8,655,865	$ 7,348,612
Retained Loan Discount and Net Deferred Costs	(22,018)	(4,434)
Total	8,633,847	7,344,178
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	8,267,829	6,854,154
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	5,540,595	5,098,834
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,702,656	1,165,126
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,018,983	577,060
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	5,595	13,134
Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	388,036	494,458
Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	127,965	67,561
Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	8,139,864	6,786,593
30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	41,231	37,232
90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	86,734	30,329
Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 3,033,694	$ 2,771,263
Total Carried at Amortized Cost, Percentage	35.90%	39.50%
Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option, Percentage	17.10%	13.60%
Total Loans and Leases, Percentage	35%	37.70%
Guaranteed Balance | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 2,967,395	$ 2,703,995
Guaranteed Balance | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 66,299	$ 67,268
Guaranteed Balance | Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Past Due Percentage	70.60%	68.40%
Guaranteed Balance | Total Past Due | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 90,290	$ 46,225
Guaranteed Balance | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Past Due Percentage	35.30%	39.20%
Guaranteed Balance | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 2,877,105	$ 2,657,770
Guaranteed Balance | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Past Due Percentage	70.80%	54.30%
Guaranteed Balance | 30-89 Days Past Due | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 29,183	$ 20,199
Guaranteed Balance | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Past Due Percentage	70.50%	85.80%
Guaranteed Balance | 90 Days or More Past Due | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total	$ 61,107	$ 26,026
Commercial & Industrial
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	4,317,909	3,478,443
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,277,050	2,221,838
Commercial & Industrial | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,139,322	769,848
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	895,942	473,623
Commercial & Industrial | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	5,595	13,134
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	4,112,008	3,216,917
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,125,163	2,025,982
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,131,493	754,272
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	849,757	423,529
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	5,595	13,134
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	205,901	261,526
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	151,887	195,856
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	7,829	15,576
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	46,185	50,094
Commercial & Industrial | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	56,786	41,556
Commercial & Industrial | Total Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	49,936	38,474
Commercial & Industrial | Total Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Total Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	6,850	3,082
Commercial & Industrial | Total Past Due | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	4,055,222	3,175,361
Commercial & Industrial | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,075,227	1,987,508
Commercial & Industrial | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,131,493	754,272
Commercial & Industrial | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	842,907	420,447
Commercial & Industrial | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	5,595	13,134
Commercial & Industrial | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	19,376	21,987
Commercial & Industrial | 30-89 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	16,570	21,987
Commercial & Industrial | 30-89 Days Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | 30-89 Days Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,806	0
Commercial & Industrial | 30-89 Days Past Due | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	37,410	19,569
Commercial & Industrial | 90 Days or More Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	33,366	16,487
Commercial & Industrial | 90 Days or More Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | 90 Days or More Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	4,044	3,082
Commercial & Industrial | 90 Days or More Past Due | Paycheck Protection Program
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	470,054	590,565
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	415,094	472,743
Construction & Development | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	47,419	104,069
Construction & Development | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	7,541	13,753
Construction & Development | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	470,054	590,565
Construction & Development | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	415,094	472,743
Construction & Development | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	47,419	104,069
Construction & Development | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	7,541	13,753
Construction & Development | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,745	1,500
Construction & Development | Total Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,745	1,500
Construction & Development | Total Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | Total Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	468,309	589,065
Construction & Development | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	413,349	471,243
Construction & Development | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	47,419	104,069
Construction & Development | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	7,541	13,753
Construction & Development | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,745	1,500
Construction & Development | 30-89 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,745	1,500
Construction & Development | 30-89 Days Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | 30-89 Days Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | 90 Days or More Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | 90 Days or More Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Construction & Development | 90 Days or More Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,296,114	2,804,846
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,592,934	2,335,924
Commercial Real Estate | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	523,744	307,021
Commercial Real Estate | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	179,436	161,901
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,151,005	2,614,078
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,465,576	2,167,515
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	523,744	306,785
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	161,685	139,778
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	145,109	190,768
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	127,358	168,409
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	236
Commercial Real Estate | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	17,751	22,123
Commercial Real Estate | Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	66,003	20,925
Commercial Real Estate | Total Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	50,899	17,853
Commercial Real Estate | Total Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	12,032	0
Commercial Real Estate | Total Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,072	3,072
Commercial Real Estate | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,085,002	2,593,153
Commercial Real Estate | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	2,414,677	2,149,662
Commercial Real Estate | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	511,712	306,785
Commercial Real Estate | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	158,613	136,706
Commercial Real Estate | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	18,589	12,082
Commercial Real Estate | 30-89 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	18,589	12,082
Commercial Real Estate | 30-89 Days Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | 30-89 Days Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	47,414	8,843
Commercial Real Estate | 90 Days or More Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	32,310	5,771
Commercial Real Estate | 90 Days or More Past Due | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	12,032	0
Commercial Real Estate | 90 Days or More Past Due | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,072	3,072
Commercial Land
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	571,788	474,758
Commercial Land | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	571,788	474,758
Commercial Land | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	534,762	432,594
Commercial Land | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	534,762	432,594
Commercial Land | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	37,026	42,164
Commercial Land | Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	37,026	42,164
Commercial Land | Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,431	3,580
Commercial Land | Total Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	3,431	3,580
Commercial Land | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	531,331	429,014
Commercial Land | Current or Less than 30 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	531,331	429,014
Commercial Land | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,521	1,663
Commercial Land | 30-89 Days Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,521	1,663
Commercial Land | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	1,910	1,917
Commercial Land | 90 Days or More Past Due | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	$ 1,910	$ 1,917

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_5

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Summary of Asset Quality Indicators by Portfolio Class and Origination Year (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Total loans held for investment
Total	$ 8,655,865	$ 7,348,612
Year-To-Date Gross Charge-offs
Charge offs	23,927	10,377	$ 5,917
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	2,036,254	2,290,712
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	2,193,204	2,015,005
Two years before current fiscal year	1,853,492	1,073,386
Three years before current fiscal year	860,080	595,376
Four years before current fiscal year	500,089	305,809
Prior	417,584	284,984
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	326,786	254,078
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	80,340	34,804
Total	8,267,829	6,854,154
Year-To-Date Gross Charge-offs
Current fiscal year	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	5,621
Two years before current fiscal year	6,435
Three years before current fiscal year	1,058
Four years before current fiscal year	1,225
Five years before current fiscal year	525
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	9,063
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0
Charge offs	23,927
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	1,000,379	1,517,057
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	1,575,224	1,521,418
Two years before current fiscal year	1,345,415	921,182
Three years before current fiscal year	733,927	514,609
Four years before current fiscal year	423,901	268,982
Prior	375,537	259,360
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	73,758	93,242
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	12,454	2,984
Total	5,540,595	5,098,834
Year-To-Date Gross Charge-offs
Current fiscal year	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	5,621
Two years before current fiscal year	6,435
Three years before current fiscal year	1,058
Four years before current fiscal year	1,225
Five years before current fiscal year	525
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	1,097
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0
Charge offs	15,961
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	649,454	570,293
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	390,647	301,820
Two years before current fiscal year	273,655	89,802
Three years before current fiscal year	64,366	22,601
Four years before current fiscal year	18,326	268
Prior	112	788
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	238,210	148,085
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	67,886	31,469
Total	1,702,656	1,165,126
Year-To-Date Gross Charge-offs
Current fiscal year	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0
Five years before current fiscal year	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	7,966
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0
Charge offs	7,966
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	386,421	203,362
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	227,333	184,346
Two years before current fiscal year	231,591	56,689
Three years before current fiscal year	59,023	58,166
Four years before current fiscal year	57,862	36,559
Prior	41,935	24,836
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	14,818	12,751
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	351
Total	1,018,983	577,060
Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Paycheck Protection Program
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	0	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	0	7,421
Two years before current fiscal year	2,831	5,713
Three years before current fiscal year	2,764	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Prior	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	0
Total	5,595	13,134
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	990,349	1,499,309
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	1,470,824	1,490,346
Two years before current fiscal year	1,255,664	857,380
Three years before current fiscal year	660,926	438,907
Four years before current fiscal year	363,377	224,199
Prior	296,132	204,933
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	63,963	75,005
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	11,047	1,773
Total	5,112,282	4,791,852
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	640,596	562,952
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	337,880	266,165
Two years before current fiscal year	226,170	82,812
Three years before current fiscal year	21,286	13,343
Four years before current fiscal year	9,103	268
Prior	112	788
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	210,460	143,512
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	58,441	31,469
Total	1,504,048	1,101,309
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	386,421	199,338
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	223,309	176,855
Two years before current fiscal year	120,917	39,600
Three years before current fiscal year	41,919	51,190
Four years before current fiscal year	50,035	23,374
Prior	23,308	19,694
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	14,818	12,751
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	351
Total	860,727	523,153
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Paycheck Protection Program
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	0	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	0	7,421
Two years before current fiscal year	2,831	5,713
Three years before current fiscal year	2,764	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Prior	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	0
Total	5,595	13,134
Risk Grade 5 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	7,744	15,942
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	72,913	22,295
Two years before current fiscal year	60,115	45,541
Three years before current fiscal year	37,390	46,655
Four years before current fiscal year	42,095	30,523
Prior	50,705	27,212
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	7,174	15,549
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	1,407	452
Total	279,543	204,169
Risk Grade 5 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	8,858	7,341
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	52,767	28,722
Two years before current fiscal year	35,453	6,990
Three years before current fiscal year	43,080	9,258
Four years before current fiscal year	9,223	0
Prior	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	20,547	4,280
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	5,417	0
Total	175,345	56,591
Risk Grade 5 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	0	4,024
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	0	4,409
Two years before current fiscal year	104,371	500
Three years before current fiscal year	13,485	6,976
Four years before current fiscal year	7,827	4,706
Prior	18,627	5,142
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	0
Total	144,310	25,757
Risk Grades 6 - 8 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Small Business Banking
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	2,286	1,806
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	31,487	8,777
Two years before current fiscal year	29,636	18,261
Three years before current fiscal year	35,611	29,047
Four years before current fiscal year	18,429	14,260
Prior	28,700	27,215
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	2,621	2,688
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	759
Total	148,770	102,813
Risk Grades 6 - 8 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Specialty Lending
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	0	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	0	6,933
Two years before current fiscal year	12,032	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Prior	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	7,203	293
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	4,028	0
Total	23,263	7,226
Risk Grades 6 - 8 | Receivables Not Under the Fair Value Option | Energy & Infrastructure
Total loans held for investment
Current fiscal year	0	0
Fiscal year before current fiscal year	4,024	3,082
Two years before current fiscal year	6,303	16,589
Three years before current fiscal year	3,619	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	8,479
Prior	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Revolving Loans Converted to Term	0	0
Total	$ 13,946	$ 28,150

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_6

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Summary of Asset Quality Indicators by Portfolio Class and Origination Year (Parenthetical) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	$ 8,655,865	$ 7,348,612
Receivables Under The Fair Value Option Member
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total Loans and Leases	$ 388,036	$ 494,458

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_7

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Summary of Guaranteed and Unguaranteed Loan and Lease Balance by Asset Quality Indicator (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 8,267,829	$ 6,854,154
Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	2,967,395	2,703,995
Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 5,300,434	$ 4,150,159
Percentage Guaranteed
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
% Guaranteed	35.90%	39.50%
Risk Grades 1 - 4
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 7,482,652	$ 6,429,448
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	2,622,558	2,508,229
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 4,860,094	$ 3,921,219
Risk Grades 1 - 4 | Percentage Guaranteed
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
% Guaranteed	35%	39%
Risk Grade 5
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 599,198	$ 286,517
Risk Grade 5 | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	234,845	115,573
Risk Grade 5 | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 364,353	$ 170,944
Risk Grade 5 | Percentage Guaranteed
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
% Guaranteed	39.20%	40.30%
Risk Grades 6 - 8
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 185,979	$ 138,189
Risk Grades 6 - 8 | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	109,992	80,193
Risk Grades 6 - 8 | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Total carried at amortized cost	$ 75,987	$ 57,996
Risk Grades 6 - 8 | Percentage Guaranteed
Financing Receivable Recorded Investment [Line Items]
% Guaranteed	59.10%	58%

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_8

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Nonaccrual Loans and Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	$ 134,963	$ 73,392
Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	95,678	54,608
Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	39,285	18,784
Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	23,378	4,502
Commercial & Industrial
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	54,408	29,050
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	47,558	25,968
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	6,850	3,082
Commercial & Industrial | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	41,812	22,480
Commercial & Industrial | Guaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	39,018	19,686
Commercial & Industrial | Guaranteed Balance | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	2,794	2,794
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	12,596	6,570
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	8,540	6,282
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Balance | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	4,056	288
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	2,953	695
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	407	407
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	2,546	288
Construction & Development
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	1,745
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	1,745
Construction & Development | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	1,309
Construction & Development | Guaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	1,309
Construction & Development | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	436
Construction & Development | Unguaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	436
Construction & Development | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	0
Construction & Development | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	0
Commercial Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	72,244	37,592
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	57,140	34,520
Commercial Real Estate | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	3,072	3,072
Commercial Real Estate | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	12,032
Commercial Real Estate | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	47,225	26,629
Commercial Real Estate | Guaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	44,426	23,830
Commercial Real Estate | Guaranteed Balance | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	2,799	2,799
Commercial Real Estate | Guaranteed Balance | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	25,019	10,963
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	12,714	10,690
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Balance | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	273	273
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Balance | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	12,032
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	20,231	3,611
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	8,199	3,611
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	12,032
Commercial Land
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	6,566	6,750
Commercial Land | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	6,566	6,750
Commercial Land | Guaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	5,332	5,499
Commercial Land | Guaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	5,332	5,499
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Balance
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	1,234	1,251
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Balance | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Nonaccrual loan and lease balance	1,234	1,251
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	194	196
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Exposure with No ACL | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Unguaranteed exposure with no allowance	$ 194	$ 196

Loans and Leases Held for Inv_9

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Accrued Interest Reversed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Accrued interest reversed	$ 3,309	$ 1,579
Commercial & Industrial
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Accrued interest reversed	2,212	619
Commercial Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Accrued interest reversed	1,041	833
Commercial Land
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Accrued interest reversed	0	127
Construction & Development
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Accrued interest reversed	$ 56	$ 0

Loans and Leases Held for In_10

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Amortized Cost Basis of Collateral-Dependent Loans and Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	$ 8,267,829	$ 6,854,154
Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	25,683	36,137
Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	10,159	371
Collateral Dependent Loans, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	6,919	20,639
Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	5,485	371
Unguaranteed Portion, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Unguaranteed Portion
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	277	443
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	2,737	19,108
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	2,737	2,730
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	16,378
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	10,159	371
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	2,426	371
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	4,711
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	3,022	0
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0
Commercial & Industrial | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	421	13,997
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	421	414
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	13,583
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	5,485	371
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	547	371
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	4,711
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	227	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Other | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Other | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion, Other | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	277	291
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	277	291
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	0
Commercial & Industrial | Unguaranteed Portion | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	21,211	15,286
Commercial Real Estate | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	21,211	15,286
Commercial Real Estate | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	6,298	6,440
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	6,298	6,440
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion, Other | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	0	152
Commercial Real Estate | Unguaranteed Portion | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	0	152
Commercial Land | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	1,735	1,743
Commercial Land | Collateral Dependent Loans, Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	1,735	1,743
Commercial Land | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Collateral Dependent Loans, Business Assets | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Collateral Dependent Loans, Other | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	200	202
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion, Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	200	202
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion, Business Assets | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion, Other
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion, Other | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Total loans and leases receivable	0	0
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	0	0
Commercial Land | Unguaranteed Portion | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due [Line Items]
Financing receivable, allowance for credit loss	$ 0	$ 0

Loans and Leases Held for In_11

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL") by Portfolio Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ 96,566	$ 63,584	$ 52,306
Charge offs	(23,927)	(10,377)	(5,917)
Recoveries	2,554	2,416	1,985
Provision	51,323	40,943	15,210
Ending Balance	125,840	96,566	63,584
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(676)
Ending Balance		(676)
Commercial & Industrial
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	64,995	37,770	26,941
Charge offs	(22,510)	(8,262)	(2,912)
Recoveries	839	1,039	172
Provision	44,282	34,448	13,569
Ending Balance	87,581	64,995	37,770
Commercial & Industrial | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(25)
Ending Balance		(25)
Construction & Development
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	5,101	3,435	5,663
Charge offs	0	0	(262)
Recoveries	0	3	0
Provision	(218)	1,663	(1,966)
Ending Balance	4,717	5,101	3,435
Construction & Development | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(166)
Ending Balance		(166)
Commercial Real Estate
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	22,901	19,068	18,148
Charge offs	(1,417)	(1,463)	(2,731)
Recoveries	1,715	1,363	1,813
Provision	5,748	3,933	1,838
Ending Balance	28,864	22,901	19,068
Commercial Real Estate | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	(83)
Ending Balance		(83)
Commercial Land
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	3,569	3,311	1,554
Charge offs	0	(652)	(12)
Recoveries	0	11	0
Provision	1,511	899	1,769
Ending Balance	4,678	3,569	$ 3,311
Commercial Land | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ (402)
Ending Balance		$ (402)

Loans and Leases Held for In_12

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Loan Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Percentage of total class of financing receivable	2%
Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Percentage of total class of financing receivable	0.30%
Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Percentage of total class of financing receivable	0.30%
Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Percentage of total class of financing receivable	1.40%
Payment Deferral [Member]
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	$ 10,090
Payment Deferral [Member] | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	10,090
Payment Deferral [Member] | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	0
Payment Deferral [Member] | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	0
Term Extension
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	19,320
Term Extension | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	5,127
Term Extension | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	708
Term Extension | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	13,485
Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	3,330
Interest Rate Reduction | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	3,330
Interest Rate Reduction | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	0
Interest Rate Reduction | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	0
Combination - Term Extension & Payment Delay
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	4,494
Combination - Term Extension & Payment Delay | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	361
Combination - Term Extension & Payment Delay | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	4,133
Combination - Term Extension & Payment Delay | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis of loans modified during period	$ 0

Loans and Leases Held for In_13

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Adoption of ASU 2022-02 (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	$ 0
Current
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	37,234
30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Small Business Banking | Current
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	18,908
Small Business Banking | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Small Business Banking | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Specialty Lending | Current
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	4,841
Specialty Lending | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Specialty Lending | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Energy & Infrastructure | Current
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	13,485
Energy & Infrastructure | 30-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	0
Energy & Infrastructure | 90 Days or More Past Due
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Total	$ 0

Loans and Leases Held for In_14

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Financial Effect of Loan Modifications (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction	1.41%
Weighted Average Term Extension (in Months)	67 months
Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction	0%
Weighted Average Term Extension (in Months)	67 months
Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction	0%
Weighted Average Term Extension (in Months)	15 months

Loans and Leases Held for In_15

Loans and Leases Held for Investment and Credit Quality - Schedule of Loans Modified As Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) securityLoan	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) securityLoan
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	18,000	10
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 40,346	$ 16,330
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan		1
Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,677	$ 0
Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	9,000	8
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 13,775	$ 12,710
Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	5,000	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 19,323	$ 496
Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	3,000	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,571	$ 3,124
Commercial & Industrial
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	13,000	4
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 28,427	$ 6,593
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	4
Recorded investment | $	$ 1,258
Commercial & Industrial | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0	$ 0
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	8,000	3
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 12,978	$ 6,097
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	2
Recorded investment | $	$ 940
Commercial & Industrial | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	4,000	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 14,959	$ 496
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	2
Recorded investment | $	$ 318
Commercial & Industrial | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 490	$ 0
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	11,000	4
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 10,727	$ 6,593
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	4
Recorded investment | $	$ 1,258
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0	$ 0
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	7,000	3
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 8,795	$ 6,097
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	2
Recorded investment | $	$ 940
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	3,000	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 1,442	$ 496
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	2
Recorded investment | $	$ 318
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 490	$ 0
Number of TDRs with subsequent default | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Small Business Banking | Extended Amortization and Rate Concession
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 490
Commercial & Industrial | Specialty Lending
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 4,183
Commercial & Industrial | Specialty Lending | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Specialty Lending | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 4,183
Commercial & Industrial | Specialty Lending | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Specialty Lending | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 13,517
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 13,517
Commercial & Industrial | Energy & Infrastructure | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan
Recorded investment at period end | $
Commercial Real Estate
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	3,000	6
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 8,838	$ 9,737
Commercial Real Estate | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,677	$ 0
Commercial Real Estate | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	5
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 797	$ 6,613
Commercial Real Estate | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 4,364	$ 0
Commercial Real Estate | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0	$ 3,124
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	3,000	6
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 8,838	$ 9,737
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,677	$ 0
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	5
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 797	$ 6,613
Recorded investment | $		$ 50
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	1,000	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 4,364	$ 0
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0	1
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0	$ 3,124
Commercial Real Estate | Small Business Banking | Extended Amortization and Rate Concession
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan		1
Recorded investment at period end | $		$ 3,100
Construction & Development
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	2,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,081
Construction & Development | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Construction & Development | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Construction & Development | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Construction & Development | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	2,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,081
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	2,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,081
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking | Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking | Payment Deferral
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking | Extend Amortization
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	0
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 0
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking | Other
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	2,000
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,081
Construction & Development | Small Business Banking | Extended Amortization and Interest Only
Financing Receivable Modifications [Line Items]
Number of Loans | securityLoan	2
Recorded investment at period end | $	$ 3,100

Leases - Direct Financing Lease

Leases - Direct Financing Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Gross direct finance lease payments receivable	$ 2,335	$ 4,284
Less - unearned interest	(218)	(479)
Net investment in direct financing leases	$ 2,117	$ 3,805

Leases - Future Minimum Finance

Leases - Future Minimum Finance Lease Payments Receivable (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
2024	$ 1,250
2025	968
2026	117
Total	$ 2,335

Leases - Narrative (Details)

Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) lease	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Lessor Lease Description [Line Items]
Direct financing lease, interest income	$ 253	$ 393	$ 669
Premises and equipment, depreciation expense	9,600	9,700	$ 9,700
Premises and equipment, net	104,000	114,200
Premises and equipment, gross	162,300	163,400
Premises and equipment, accumulated depreciation	$ 58,300	$ 49,200
Operating Lease, Lease Income, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Lease income	Lease income	Lease income
Lease income	$ 9,500	$ 9,500	$ 9,500
Lessee, operating lease, number of leases on which options to extend lease term will certainly be exercised | lease	1
Minimum
Lessor Lease Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, remaining lease term (in years)	1 year
Maximum
Lessor Lease Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, remaining lease term (in years)	23 years
Lessee, operating lease, renewal term (in years)	20 years

Leases - Maturity Analysis of F

Leases - Maturity Analysis of Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments to be Received (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
2024	$ 9,055
2025	8,738
2026	8,721
2027	8,483
2028	3,837
Thereafter	9,708
Total	$ 48,542

Leases - Summary of Components

Leases - Summary of Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 820	$ 1,224
Short-term lease cost	123	99
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	0	4
Interest expense on lease liabilities	0	0
Total net lease cost	$ 943	$ 1,327

Leases - Summary of Consolidate

Leases - Summary of Consolidated Balance Sheet Related to Finance Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Other assets	Other assets
Operating lease right-of-use asset	$ 2,799	$ 2,118
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Other Liabilities [Member]	Other Liabilities [Member]
Operating lease liability	$ 3,180	$ 2,558

Leases - Summary of Weighted Av

Leases - Summary of Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term and Weighted Average Discount Rate for Leases (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases	10 years 6 months 29 days	10 years 7 months 13 days
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.64%	3.14%

Leases - Summary of Operating L

Leases - Summary of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Leases
2024	$ 718
2025	571
2026	508
2027	500
2028	333
Thereafter	1,231
Total lease payments	3,861
Less: imputed interest	(681)
Total lease liabilities	$ 3,180	$ 2,558

Servicing Assets - Narrative (D

Servicing Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Servicing Assets at Fair Value [Line Items]
Unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others requiring recognition of a servicing asset	$ 3,090,000	$ 2,670,000	$ 2,290,000
Unpaid principal balances of loan serviced for others	4,240,000	$ 3,480,000	$ 3,300,000
Commercial Loan
Servicing Assets at Fair Value [Line Items]
Servicing asset at amortized cost	$ 405

Servicing Assets - Summary of A

Servicing Assets - Summary of Activity Pertaining to Servicing Rights (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 01, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Servicing Asset at Fair Value, Amount [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		$ 26,323	$ 33,574
Additions, net		16,977	9,326
Fair value changes:
Due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions		$ 14,297	$ (5,934)
Servicing Asset, Fair Value, Change in Fair Value, Other, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]		Loan servicing asset revaluation	Loan servicing asset revaluation
Decay due to increases in principal paydowns or runoff		$ (9,411)	$ (10,643)
Balance at end of period		48,186	$ 26,323
Change in Accounting Method Accounted for as Change in Estimate
Servicing Assets at Fair Value [Line Items]
Increase in servicing assets	$ 13,700	$ 13,700

Premises and Equipment - Compon

Premises and Equipment - Components of Premises and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	$ 355,015	$ 360,117
Less accumulated depreciation	(97,134)	(96,827)
Premises and equipment, net of depreciation	257,881	263,290
Buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	54,746	54,746
Land improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	5,213	5,180
Furniture and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	19,537	19,117
Hardware and software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	16,698	10,264
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	7,678	7,705
Land
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	17,998	15,982
Transportation
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	22,279	49,766
Solar panels
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	162,348	163,391
Deposits on fixed assets
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	48,518	33,966
Buildings, Temporarily Idle
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Premises and equipment, total	$ 11,500	$ 11,300

Premises and Equipment - Narrat

Premises and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation	$ 21,100	$ 20,600	$ 21,200
Purchase of building and land	46,839	43,751	$ 3,082
Value of building temporarily idle	355,015	360,117
Land and Building
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Purchase of building and land		18,300
Buildings, Temporarily Idle
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Value of building temporarily idle	$ 11,500	$ 11,300

Deposits - Types of Deposits (D

Deposits - Types of Deposits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Deposits Liabilities, Balance Sheet, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Noninterest-bearing deposits	$ 259,270	$ 194,100
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing checking	301,006	0
Money market	135,551	128,443
Savings	4,497,376	4,096,576
Time deposits	5,081,816	4,465,809
Total	10,015,749	8,690,828
Total deposits	$ 10,275,019	$ 8,884,928

Deposits - Narrative (Details)

Deposits - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Deposits Liabilities, Balance Sheet, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Aggregate amount of time deposits in denominations of $250 thousand or more	$ 695.6	$ 629.1

Deposits - Scheduled Maturities

Deposits - Scheduled Maturities of Total Time Deposits (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Deposits Liabilities, Balance Sheet, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
2024	$ 3,452,692
2025	556,766
2026	370,858
2027	258,963
2028	156,472
Thereafter	286,065
Total	$ 5,081,816

Borrowings - Total Outstanding

Borrowings - Total Outstanding Borrowings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings	$ 23,354	$ 83,203
Federal Funds Purchased
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings	0	50,000
Third Party Correspondent Bank | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings	$ 23,354	$ 33,203

Borrowings - Total Outstandin_2

Borrowings - Total Outstanding Borrowings Line Descriptions (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Federal Funds Purchased
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Lines of credit, outstanding		$ 0	$ 50,000,000
Federal home loan bank, advances, interest rate			4.65%
Fed Funds line of credit, available credit remaining		$ 100,000,000
Third Party Correspondent Bank | Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument term	60 months
Debt instrument face amount	$ 50,000,000
Debt instrument fixed interest rate	2.95%
Debt instrument, maturity date	Mar. 30, 2026
Non-refundable loan origination fee	$ 325,000

Borrowings - Narrative (Details

Borrowings - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Oct. 20, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Remaining available credit facility		$ 6,280,000,000	$ 4,880,000,000
FHLB maximum amount available		2,720,000,000	2,310,000,000
FHLB amount available for collateral		111,700,000	983,800,000
FHLB advances, collateral pledged		0	0
Repurchased agreements, borrowing capacity		5,000,000	5,000,000
Repurchases agreements, outstanding balance		0	0
Revolving Line of Credit | Third Party Correspondent Bank
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 100,000,000
Interest rate floor (in percent)	2.75%
Extension term (in months)	12 months
Renewal fee	$ 250,000
Current available credit facility		100,000,000	100,000,000
Revolving Line of Credit | Third Party Correspondent Bank | SOFR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	1.25%
Interest rate cap (in percent)	6.75%			4.25%
Federal Funds Purchased
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
FHLB maximum amount available		130,000,000	164,500,000
Lines of credit, outstanding		0	50,000,000
Securities and Loans Identified As Available For Collateral
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused borrowing capacity		3,680,000,000	3,550,000,000
Federal Reserve Bank | Federal Reserve Bank
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Remaining available credit facility		2,210,000,000	2,350,000,000
Collateral amount		2,740,000,000	2,810,000,000
Short term borrowings		0	$ 0
Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”) | Federal Reserve Bank
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Remaining available credit facility		1,120,000,000
Short term borrowings		$ 0

Income Taxes - Income Tax Expen

Income Taxes - Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current income tax expense:
Federal	$ 24,051	$ 3,686	$ 12,774
State	7,042	3,301	6,211
Total current tax expense	31,093	6,987	18,985
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
Federal	(20,914)	23,838	22,886
State	(1,247)	3,291	1,922
Total deferred tax (benefit) expense	(22,161)	27,129	24,808
Income tax expense, as reported	$ 8,932	$ 34,116	$ 43,793

Income Taxes - Narrative (Detai

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Federal statutory income tax rate	21%	21%	21%

Income Taxes - Effective Income

Income Taxes - Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense computed at the statutory rate	$ 17,394	$ 44,168	$ 44,266
State income tax expense, net of federal	4,316	5,899	6,426
Stock-based compensation expense	2,084	73	(4,689)
Decrease in taxes due to investment tax credit	(16,390)	(16,361)	(3,392)
Amended return net benefits	0	(3,261)	0
Other	1,528	3,598	1,182
Income tax expense, as reported	$ 8,932	$ 34,116	$ 43,793

Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Ass

Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets:
Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale	$ 26,753	$ 29,153
Allowance for loan and lease losses	30,576	27,159
Stock-based compensation expense	2,599	5,248
Capitalized research and experimentation costs	4,726	3,780
Accrued expenses	1,283	1,070
Operating lease liabilities	773	618
Goodwill and intangibles	0	14
Unguaranteed loan discount	319	0
Deferred loan fees and costs, net	101	0
Other	1,806	1,147
Total deferred tax assets	68,936	68,189
Deferred tax liabilities:
Premises and equipment	37,381	39,054
Net unrealized gains on non-marketable and other equity securities	18,165	22,309
Mark to market on loans held for sale	6,294	14,036
Unguaranteed loan discount	0	4,309
Deferred loan fees and costs, net	0	1,332
Operating lease right-of-use assets	680	511
Goodwill and intangibles	19	0
Other	11	13
Total deferred tax liabilities	62,550	81,564
Net deferred tax asset	$ 6,386
Net deferred tax (liability)		$ (13,375)

Fair Value of Financial Instr_3

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Rollforward of Level 3 Equity Warrant Asset Fair Values (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Net Derivative Asset (Liability) Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 2,210	$ 1,672
Issuances	$ 1,005	$ 833
Fair Value Recurring Basis Unobservable Input Reconciliation Net Derivative Asset Liability Gain Loss Statement Of Income Extensible List Not Disclosed Flag	Net gains on derivative instruments	Net gains on derivative instruments
Net gains on derivative instruments	$ 19	$ 671
Settlements	(360)	(966)
Balance at end of period	$ 2,874	$ 2,210

Fair Value of Financial Instr_4

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Recorded Amount of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	$ 1,126,160	$ 1,014,719
Servicing asset, fair value	48,186	26,323	$ 33,574
U.S. government agencies
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	17,529	15,668
Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	1,105,592	995,574
Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	3,039	2,977
Other debt securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale		500
Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans held for investment	388,036	494,458
Servicing asset, fair value	48,186	26,323
Equity warrant assets	2,874	2,210
Total assets at fair value	1,566,901	1,539,366
Recurring | U.S. government agencies
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	17,529	15,668
Recurring | Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	1,105,592	995,574
Recurring | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	3,039	2,977
Recurring | Other debt securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale		500
Recurring | Mutual fund
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Mutual fund	1,645	1,656
Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans held for investment	0	0
Servicing asset, fair value	0	0
Equity warrant assets	0	0
Total assets at fair value	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | U.S. government agencies
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring | Level 1 | Other debt securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale		0
Recurring | Level 1 | Mutual fund
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Mutual fund	0	0
Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans held for investment	0	0
Servicing asset, fair value	0	0
Equity warrant assets	0	0
Total assets at fair value	1,127,720	1,016,282
Recurring | Level 2 | U.S. government agencies
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	17,529	15,668
Recurring | Level 2 | Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	1,105,592	995,574
Recurring | Level 2 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	2,954	2,884
Recurring | Level 2 | Other debt securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale		500
Recurring | Level 2 | Mutual fund
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Mutual fund	1,645	1,656
Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans held for investment	388,036	494,458
Servicing asset, fair value	48,186	26,323
Equity warrant assets	2,874	2,210
Total assets at fair value	439,181	523,084
Recurring | Level 3 | U.S. government agencies
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring | Level 3 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale	85	93
Recurring | Level 3 | Other debt securities
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities available-for-sale		0
Recurring | Level 3 | Mutual fund
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Mutual fund	$ 0	$ 0

Fair Value of Financial Instr_5

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Recorded Amount of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Footnotes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Principal paydown value	$ 1	$ 1
Fair value adjustment loss	$ (7)	$ 2

Fair Value of Financial Instr_6

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair value option that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing	$ 0	$ 0
Unpaid principal balance of unguaranteed exposure for nonaccruals	9,100,000	7,200,000
Gains (losses) related to borrower-specific credit risk	$ (3,500,000)	$ (1,900,000)

Fair Value of Financial Instr_7

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of Fair Value Carrying Amount and Unpaid Principal Outstanding of Loans Under Fair Value Option (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Option Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Total Loans, Fair Value Carrying amount	$ 388,036	$ 494,458
Total Loans, Unpaid Principal Balance	407,544	513,219
Total Loans, Difference	(19,508)	(18,761)
Nonaccruals, Fair Value Carrying amount	48,474	44,890
Nonaccruals, Unpaid Principal Balance	50,749	46,993
Nonaccruals, Difference	(2,275)	(2,103)
90 Days or More Past Due, Fair Value Carrying Amount	36,490	24,663
90 Days or More Past Due, Unpaid Principal Balance	37,939	26,321
90 Days or More Past Due, Difference	(1,449)	(1,658)
Loans held for investment
Fair Value Option Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Total Loans, Fair Value Carrying amount	388,036	494,458
Total Loans, Unpaid Principal Balance	407,544	513,219
Total Loans, Difference	(19,508)	(18,761)
Nonaccruals, Fair Value Carrying amount	48,474	44,890
Nonaccruals, Unpaid Principal Balance	50,749	46,993
Nonaccruals, Difference	(2,275)	(2,103)
90 Days or More Past Due, Fair Value Carrying Amount	36,490	24,663
90 Days or More Past Due, Unpaid Principal Balance	37,939	26,321
90 Days or More Past Due, Difference	$ (1,449)	$ (1,658)

Fair Value of Financial Instr_8

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Net (Losses) Gains From Changes in Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Option Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Net (loss) gain on loans accounted for under the fair value option	$ (3,539)	$ 1,046	$ 4,257
Loans held for sale
Fair Value Option Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Net (loss) gain on loans accounted for under the fair value option	0	1,521
Loans held for investment
Fair Value Option Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Net (loss) gain on loans accounted for under the fair value option	$ (3,539)	$ (475)

Fair Value of Financial Instr_9

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of the Activity Pertaining to Loans Accounted for Under Fair Value Option (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loans held for sale
Fair Value Assets Measured On Recurring Basis Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 0	$ 25,310
Repurchases and issuances	0	65
Fair value changes	0	1,521
Transfers	0	(26,219)
Settlements	0	(677)
Balance at end of period	0	0
Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets Measured On Recurring Basis Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period	494,458	645,201
Repurchases and issuances	22,955	18,629
Fair value changes	(3,539)	(475)
Transfers	0	26,219
Settlements	(125,838)	(195,116)
Balance at end of period	$ 388,036	$ 494,458

Fair Value of Financial Inst_10

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Recorded Amount of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Foreclosed assets	$ 6,481	$ 0
Non-recurring Fair Value
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans	4,503	4,840
Foreclosed assets	6,481
Total assets at fair value	10,984	4,840
Non-recurring Fair Value | Level 1
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans	0	0
Foreclosed assets	0
Total assets at fair value	0	0
Non-recurring Fair Value | Level 2
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans	0	0
Foreclosed assets	0
Total assets at fair value	0	0
Non-recurring Fair Value | Level 3
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans	4,503	4,840
Foreclosed assets	6,481
Total assets at fair value	$ 10,984	$ 4,840

Fair Value of Financial Inst_11

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Analysis of Level 3 Valuation Techniques (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, fair value	$ 388,036	$ 494,458
Servicing asset, fair value	48,186	26,323	$ 33,574
Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, fair value	388,036	494,458
Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	1,566,901	1,539,366
Servicing asset, fair value	48,186	26,323
Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	439,181	523,084
Servicing asset, fair value	48,186	26,323
Recurring | Level 3 | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	85	93
Recurring | Level 3 | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value		494,458
Loans held for investment, fair value	388,036
Recurring | Level 3 | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	2,874	2,210
Non-recurring Fair Value
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	10,984	4,840
Non-recurring Fair Value | Level 3
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	10,984	4,840
Non-recurring Fair Value | Level 3 | Collateral-dependent loans
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	4,503	$ 4,840
Non-recurring Fair Value | Level 3 | Foreclosed assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Asset, fair value	$ 6,481
Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input	0.145
Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Municipal bond, measurement input	0.070	0.060
Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring | Municipal bonds
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Municipal bond, measurement input	0.050	5
Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input		0.165
Black-Scholes option pricing model | Discount rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input		0.200
Minimum | Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input		0
Minimum | Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.067	0.075
Minimum | Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input	0.118	0
Minimum | Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.140
Minimum | Discounted expected cash flows | Loss rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0	0
Minimum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Discount rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.200
Minimum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Volatility | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.269	0.265
Minimum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Risk-free interest rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.038	0.039
Minimum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Remaining life | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, remaining life	3 years 10 months 24 days	3 years
Minimum | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input		0
Minimum | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Non-recurring Fair Value | Collateral-dependent loans
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans, measurement input	0.100	0.100
Minimum | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Non-recurring Fair Value | Foreclosed assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Foreclosed assets, measurement input	0.100
Maximum | Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input		0.320
Maximum | Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.180	0.112
Maximum | Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input	0.178	0.374
Maximum | Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.303
Maximum | Discounted expected cash flows | Loss rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.074	0.793
Maximum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Discount rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.250
Maximum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Volatility | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.900	0.900
Maximum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Risk-free interest rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.039	0.040
Maximum | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Remaining life | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, remaining life	10 years	10 years
Maximum | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input		0.773
Maximum | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Non-recurring Fair Value | Collateral-dependent loans
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans, measurement input	0.700	0.665
Maximum | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Non-recurring Fair Value | Foreclosed assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Foreclosed assets, measurement input	0.174
Weighted Average | Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input	0.145	0.208
Weighted Average | Discounted expected cash flows | Discount rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.096	0.100
Weighted Average | Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Servicing asset, measurement input	0.153	0.157
Weighted Average | Discounted expected cash flows | Prepayment speed | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.160	0.165
Weighted Average | Discounted expected cash flows | Loss rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input	0.012	0.019
Weighted Average | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Discount rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.227	0.200
Weighted Average | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Volatility | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.358	0.342
Weighted Average | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Risk-free interest rate | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, measurement input	0.039	0.039
Weighted Average | Black-Scholes option pricing model | Remaining life | Recurring | Equity warrant assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Equity warrant assets, remaining life	7 years 7 months 6 days	7 years 8 months 12 days
Weighted Average | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Recurring | Loans held for investment
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Loans held for investment, measurement input		0.286
Weighted Average | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Non-recurring Fair Value | Collateral-dependent loans
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Collateral-dependent loans, measurement input	0.387	0.342
Weighted Average | Discounted appraisals | Discount rate | Non-recurring Fair Value | Foreclosed assets
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Foreclosed assets, measurement input	0.104

Fair Value of Financial Inst_12

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Carrying Amount and Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	$ 582,540	$ 280,239
Federal funds sold	0	136,397
Certificates of deposit with other banks	250	4,000
Carrying Amount
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	582,540	280,239
Federal funds sold		136,397
Certificates of deposit with other banks	250	4,000
Loans held for sale	387,037	554,610
Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases	8,119,971	6,753,154
Financial liabilities
Deposits	10,275,019	8,884,928
Borrowings	23,354	83,203
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	582,540	280,239
Federal funds sold		136,397
Certificates of deposit with other banks	250	4,000
Loans held for sale	402,096	577,254
Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases	8,600,046	6,652,936
Financial liabilities
Deposits	10,080,182	8,532,615
Borrowings	22,844	82,258
Level 1 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	582,540	280,239
Federal funds sold		136,397
Certificates of deposit with other banks	250	4,000
Loans held for sale	0	0
Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases	0	0
Financial liabilities
Deposits	0	0
Borrowings	0	0
Level 2 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	0	0
Federal funds sold		0
Certificates of deposit with other banks	0	0
Loans held for sale	0	0
Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases	0	0
Financial liabilities
Deposits	10,080,182	8,532,615
Borrowings	0	0
Level 3 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	0	0
Federal funds sold		0
Certificates of deposit with other banks	0	0
Loans held for sale	402,096	577,254
Loans and leases held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases	8,600,046	6,652,936
Financial liabilities
Deposits	0	0
Borrowings	$ 22,844	$ 82,258

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) customer	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Commitment letters expiration period (in days)	90 days
Commitments for on-balance sheet instruments	$ 29,000	$ 26,100
Construction Program, Estimated Costs To Complete	37,000
Construction Payable	21,500
Maximum retained credit exposure	20,000
Future minimum lease payments receivable under non-cancelable operating leases	$ 48,542
Twenty-Three Relationships
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Number of relationships that have retained unguaranteed exposure | customer	27
Retained credit exposure	$ 1,100,000
Retained exposure, amount disbursed	684,900
No Relationships | Maximum
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Future minimum lease payments receivable under non-cancelable operating leases	$ 20,000

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Off Balance Sheet Risks Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Total unfunded off-balance sheet credit risk	$ 2,951,465	$ 2,782,320
Commitments to extend credit
Fair Value Off Balance Sheet Risks Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Total unfunded off-balance sheet credit risk	2,921,978	2,731,866
Standby letters of credit
Fair Value Off Balance Sheet Risks Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Total unfunded off-balance sheet credit risk	20,487	26,454
Airplane purchase agreement commitments
Fair Value Off Balance Sheet Risks Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Total unfunded off-balance sheet credit risk	$ 9,000	$ 24,000

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies - Geographic Concentrations (Details) - Financing Receivable - Geographic Concentration Risk	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	100%
Midwest
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	12.40%
Northeast
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	18.70%
Southeast
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	30.80%
Southwest
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	12.20%
West
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	25.90%

Benefit Plans - Narrative (Deta

Benefit Plans - Narrative (Details)		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 24, 2016 shares	Feb. 22, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) simulation $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2010 shares	May 16, 2023 shares	May 11, 2021 shares	May 15, 2018 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expense recognized | $			$ 6,500,000	$ 6,300,000	$ 4,400,000
Intrinsic value of options exercised | $			$ 2,800,000	$ 7,000,000	$ 46,300,000
Shares, granted (in shares) | shares			0	0	0
Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense | $			$ 25,000	$ 753,000	$ 1,300,000
Unrecognized compensation costs, stock options | $			$ 0
Market Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares				0
Units earned as a percent of units awarded					100%
Number of simulations used | simulation			100,000
Compensation expense | $					$ 4,200,000
Number of shares met performance stock price conditions | shares					575,500
Performance stock price condition met, price one (in dollars per share) | $ / shares					$ 45
Performance stock price condition met, price two (in dollars per share) | $ / shares					48
Performance stock price condition met, price three (in dollars per share) | $ / shares					50
Performance stock price condition met, price four (in dollars per share) | $ / shares					$ 55
Compensation remaining expense fully recognized | $					$ 3,700,000
Number of remaining shares | shares			0	0
Number of days share price must be maintained					20 days
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense | $			$ 17,600,000	$ 19,400,000	$ 11,400,000
Unrecognized compensation costs period recognized			3 years 9 months 29 days
Granted (in shares) | shares			927,838
Shares granted, weighted average grand date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 34.83
Unrecognized compensation costs | $			$ 77,100,000
Number of shares met performance stock price conditions | shares			565,790
Number of remaining shares | shares			2,228,236	2,409,698
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Subsequent Event [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs period recognized		5 years 3 days
Granted (in shares) | shares		457,167
Shares granted, weighted average grand date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 39.40
Unrecognized compensation costs | $		$ 18,000,000
Cash Bonus
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense | $			$ 1,000,000	$ 9,400,000	7,700,000
Special Bonus
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense | $			$ 4,500,000	$ 10,500,000	$ 4,000,000
2015 Omnibus Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of common voting shares authorized (in shares) | shares	7,000,000
Options or restricted shares of expiration period	10 years
Percentage of fair market value of common stock	100%
2015 Omnibus Plan | Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of common voting shares authorized (in shares) | shares							13,750,000	10,750,000	8,750,000
2015 Omnibus Plan | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares			927,838	885,939	1,329,508
Shares granted, weighted average grand date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 34.83	$ 37.75	$ 58.19
Restricted Stock Plan | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period						7 years
Shares available for issuance to eligible employees (in shares) | shares						1,350,000
A2015 Omnibus Plan Amendedand Restated | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares				885,939	1,329,508
Shares granted, weighted average grand date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares				$ 37.75	$ 58.19
Employee Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum annual purchase per employee | $			$ 25,000
Purchase date discount			15%
Share-based compensation expense | $			$ 246,000	$ 188,000	$ 118,000

Benefit Plans - Stock Option Ac

Benefit Plans - Stock Option Activity (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]
Shares, outstanding, beginning balance (in shares) | shares	825,114
Shares, exercised (in shares) | shares	(148,551)
Shares, outstanding, ending balance (in shares) | shares	676,563
Shares, exercisable (in shares) | shares	676,563
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]
Weighted average exercise price, outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 12.73
Weighted average exercise price, exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	12.71
Weighted average exercise price, outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	12.74
Weighted average exercise price, exercisable (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 12.74
Weighted average remaining contractual term, outstanding	1 year 3 months 21 days
Weighted average remaining contractual term, exercisable	1 year 3 months 21 days
Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding | $	$ 22,165,930
Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable | $	$ 22,165,930

Benefit Plans - Summary of Non-

Benefit Plans - Summary of Non-vested Stock Option Activity (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Shares, non-vested, beginning balance (in shares)	37,760	382,850	1,022,636
Shares, vested (in shares)	(37,760)	(336,464)	(592,693)
Shares, forfeited (in shares)		(8,626)	(47,093)
Shares, non-vested, ending balance (in shares)	0	37,760	382,850
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract]
Weighted average grant date fair value, non-vested, beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 6.60	$ 6.75	$ 5.38
Weighted average grant date fair value, vested (in dollars per share)	6.60	6.85	4.35
Weighted average grant date fair value, forfeited (in dollars per share)		6.95	7.28
Weighted average grant date fair value, non-vested, ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 6.60	$ 6.75

Benefit Plans - Restricted Stoc

Benefit Plans - Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Shares
Shares, non-vested, beginning balance (in shares)	2,409,698
Granted (in shares)	927,838
Shares, vested (in shares)	(565,790)
Shares, forfeited (in shares)	(543,510)
Shares, non-vested, ending balance (in shares)	2,228,236	2,409,698
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Shares, non-vested, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 43.63
Shares granted, weighted average grand date fair value (in dollars per share)	34.83
Shares vested, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)	41.87
Shares forfeited, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)	47.39
Shares, non-vested, weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 39.50	$ 43.63
Market Restricted Stock
Shares
Shares, non-vested, beginning balance (in shares)	0
Granted (in shares)		0
Shares, vested (in shares)			(575,500)
Shares, non-vested, ending balance (in shares)	0	0

Regulatory Matters - Narrative

Regulatory Matters - Narrative (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023
Regulated Operations [Abstract]
Minimum common equity tier 1 ratio	4.50%
Minimum common equity, capital conservation buffer	0.0250
Minimum common equity tier 1 ratio including conservation buffer	7%
Minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio	0.0600
Minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio including conservation buffer	8.50
Minimum total risk-based capital ratio	0.0800
Minimum total risk-based capital ratio including conservation buffer	0.105
Minimum leverage tier 1 capital ratio	0.0400

Regulatory Matters (Details)

Regulatory Matters (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Common Equity Tier 1 to Risk-Weighted Assets [Abstract]
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio, minimum capital requirement	4.50%
Capital [Abstract]
Total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0800
Tier One Risk Based Capital [Abstract]
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0600
Tier One Leverage Capital [Abstract]
Tier 1 capital to average assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0400
Live Oak Bancshares, Inc.
Common Equity Tier 1 to Risk-Weighted Assets [Abstract]
Common equity tier 1 capital	$ 960,433	$ 888,235
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio	0.1173	0.1247
Common equity tier 1 capital, minimum capital requirement	$ 368,549	$ 320,446
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio, minimum capital requirement	4.50%	4.50%
Capital [Abstract]
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	$ 1,063,157	$ 977,360
Total capital risk to weighted--assets, actual	0.1298	0.1373
Total capital to risk-weighted assets, minimum capital requirement	$ 655,198	$ 569,681
Total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0800	0.0800
Tier One Risk Based Capital [Abstract]
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, actual	$ 960,433	$ 888,235
Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets, actual	0.1173	0.1247
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, minimum capital requirement	$ 491,399	$ 427,261
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0600	0.0600
Tier One Leverage Capital [Abstract]
Tier 1 capital to average assets, actual	$ 960,433	$ 888,235
Tier 1 to average assets, actual	0.0858	0.0926
Tier 1 capital to average assets, minimum capital requirement	$ 447,561	$ 383,499
Tier 1 capital to average assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0400	0.0400
Subsidiaries
Common Equity Tier 1 to Risk-Weighted Assets [Abstract]
Common equity tier 1 capital	$ 823,478	$ 730,092
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio	0.1040	0.1070
Common equity tier 1 capital, minimum capital requirement	$ 356,426	$ 307,179
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio, minimum capital requirement	4.50%	4.50%
Common equity tier 1 capital, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action	$ 514,837	$ 443,703
Common equity tier 1 ratio, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	6.50%	6.50%
Capital [Abstract]
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	$ 922,876	$ 815,577
Total capital risk to weighted--assets, actual	0.1165	0.1195
Total capital to risk-weighted assets, minimum capital requirement	$ 633,646	$ 546,096
Total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0800	0.0800
Total capital to risk-weighted assets, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	$ 792,057	$ 682,620
Total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	0.1000	0.1000
Tier One Risk Based Capital [Abstract]
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, actual	$ 823,478	$ 730,092
Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets, actual	0.1040	0.1070
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, minimum capital requirement	$ 475,234	$ 409,572
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0600	0.0600
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	$ 633,646	$ 546,096
Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets ratio, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	0.0800	0.0800
Tier One Leverage Capital [Abstract]
Tier 1 capital to average assets, actual	$ 823,478	$ 730,092
Tier 1 to average assets, actual	0.0741	0.0770
Tier 1 capital to average assets, minimum capital requirement	$ 444,480	$ 379,396
Tier 1 capital to average assets ratio, minimum capital requirement	0.0400	0.0400
Tier 1 capital to average assets, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	$ 555,600	$ 474,245
Tier 1 to average assets ratio, minimum to be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions	0.0500	0.0500

Transactions with Related Par_2

Transactions with Related Parties - Schedule of Related Party Loan Activity (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Loans and Leases Receivable, Related Parties [Roll Forward]
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$ 21,738
Loan originations	3,723
Loan repayments	(2,537)
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$ 22,924

Transactions with Related Par_3

Transactions with Related Parties - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Deposits from related parties	$ 48,600,000	$ 63,500,000
Apiture, Inc. | Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Professional services expense	2,500,000	2,000,000	$ 1,200,000
Apiture, Inc. | Related Party | Shared Services and Rent
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Total revenues	385,000	438,000	601,000
Collective Impact | Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Charitable contributions expense	$ 0	$ 310,000	$ 352,000

Segments - Narrative (Details)

Segments - Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	2

Segments - Schedule of Segment

Segments - Schedule of Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Interest income	$ 688,275	$ 444,473	$ 361,213
Interest expense	342,970	116,972	64,428
Net interest income	345,305	327,501	296,785
Provision for loan and lease credit losses	51,323	40,943	15,210
Noninterest income	111,733	237,992	160,200
Noninterest expense	322,885	314,226	230,987
Income tax (benefit) expense	8,932	34,116	43,793
Net income	73,898	176,208	166,995
Total assets	11,271,423	9,855,498	8,213,393
Operating Segments | Banking
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Interest income	687,655	444,307	360,986
Interest expense	341,789	115,324	63,119
Net interest income	345,866	328,983	297,867
Provision for loan and lease credit losses	51,323	40,943	15,210
Noninterest income	101,054	80,562	114,363
Noninterest expense	303,695	296,891	215,819
Income tax (benefit) expense	9,106	(226)	35,539
Net income	82,796	71,937	145,662
Total assets	11,145,385	9,672,458	8,053,212
Operating Segments | Fintech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Interest income	39	93	201
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net interest income	39	93	201
Provision for loan and lease credit losses	0	0	0
Noninterest income	8,297	155,028	43,141
Noninterest expense	10,458	9,413	5,395
Income tax (benefit) expense	1,034	36,016	10,280
Net income	(3,156)	109,692	27,667
Total assets	131,310	124,249	121,889
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Interest income	581	73	26
Interest expense	1,181	1,648	1,309
Net interest income	(600)	(1,575)	(1,283)
Provision for loan and lease credit losses	0	0	0
Noninterest income	2,382	2,402	2,696
Noninterest expense	8,732	7,922	9,773
Income tax (benefit) expense	(1,208)	(1,674)	(2,026)
Net income	(5,742)	(5,421)	(6,334)
Total assets	$ (5,272)	$ 58,791	$ 38,292

Parent Company Only Financial_3

Parent Company Only Financial Statements - Balance Sheets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets
Other assets	$ 354,476	$ 328,308
Total assets	11,271,423	9,855,498	$ 8,213,393
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Borrowings	23,354	83,203
Other liabilities	70,384	76,334
Total liabilities	10,368,757	9,044,465
Shareholders' equity:
Retained earnings	642,817	572,497
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(84,719)	(92,318)
Total shareholders’ equity	902,666	811,033	$ 715,133	$ 567,850
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	11,271,423	9,855,498
Live Oak Bancshares, Inc.
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	81,897	103,238
Investment in subsidiaries	843,978	704,905
Other assets	14,518	50,801
Total assets	940,393	858,944
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Borrowings	23,354	33,203
Other liabilities	14,373	14,708
Total liabilities	37,727	47,911
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock	344,568	330,854
Retained earnings	642,817	572,497
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(84,719)	(92,318)
Total shareholders’ equity	902,666	811,033
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$ 940,393	$ 858,944

Parent Company Only Financial_4

Parent Company Only Financial Statements - Income Statement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Condensed Income Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Interest income	$ 688,275	$ 444,473	$ 361,213
Interest expense	342,970	116,972	64,428
Net interest income	345,305	327,501	296,785
Other noninterest income	20,074	17,141	15,493
Total noninterest income	111,733	237,992	160,200
Noninterest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	175,052	170,822	124,932
Professional services expense	7,737	11,737	15,135
Renewable energy tax credit investment impairment	14,644	16,217	3,187
Other expense	17,152	12,380	8,052
Total noninterest expense	322,885	314,226	230,987
Income before taxes	82,830	210,324	210,788
Income tax (benefit) expense	8,932	34,116	43,793
Net income	73,898	176,208	166,995
Live Oak Bancshares, Inc.
Condensed Income Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Interest income	581	73	25
Interest expense	1,182	1,648	1,309
Net interest income	(601)	(1,575)	(1,284)
Other noninterest income	(290)	(107)	716
Total noninterest income	(290)	(107)	716
Noninterest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	1,549	1,444	5,120
Professional services expense	1,540	1,163	679
Other expense	2,384	1,907	789
Total noninterest expense	5,473	4,514	6,588
Income before taxes	(6,364)	(6,196)	(7,156)
Income tax (benefit) expense	(1,010)	(1,358)	(1,615)
Net loss	(5,354)	(4,838)	(5,541)
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries in excess of dividends from subsidiaries	79,252	181,046	172,536
Net income	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995

Parent Company Only Financial_5

Parent Company Only Financial Statements - Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 73,898	$ 176,208	$ 166,995
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	(22,161)	27,129	24,808
Stock option compensation expense	272	942	1,379
Restricted stock compensation expense	17,603	19,405	15,572
Business combination contingent consideration fair value adjustment	125	(86)	99
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities	620,071	124,485	(119,717)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of equity security investments	(3,390)	(9,283)	0
Purchases of equity method investments	(27,209)	(35,955)	0
Net cash used by investing activities	(1,774,922)	(1,442,344)	(149,803)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings	2,906,071	62,096	602,848
Repayment of borrowings	(2,965,920)	(297,182)	(1,826,652)
Stock option exercises	1,168	2,118	4,158
Employee stock purchase program	1,396	1,067	670
Withholding cash issued in lieu of restricted stock and other	(6,725)	(4,972)	(19,151)
Repurchase and retirement of shares	0	0	(953)
Shareholder dividend distributions	(5,326)	(5,266)	(5,186)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	1,320,755	1,530,745	154,950
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	165,904	212,886	(114,570)
Live Oak Bancshares, Inc.
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	73,898	176,208	166,995
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries in excess of dividends of subsidiaries	(79,252)	(181,046)	(172,536)
Subsidiary vesting of restricted stock and other	(10,474)	(14,862)	2,679
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	(15)	434	30,070
Stock option compensation expense	272	942	1,379
Restricted stock compensation expense	17,603	19,405	15,572
Business combination contingent consideration fair value adjustment	125	(86)	99
Net change in other assets	36,283	(2,846)	(22,645)
Net change in other liabilities	299	(1,626)	(11,243)
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities	38,739	(3,477)	10,370
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital investment in subsidiaries	(40,000)	121,750	(26,407)
Purchases of equity security investments	(132)	(182)	(84)
Purchases of equity method investments	(612)	(904)	(237)
Net cash used by investing activities	(40,744)	120,664	(26,728)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings	71	12,096	57,675
Repayment of borrowings	(9,920)	(29,627)	(21,429)
Stock option exercises	1,168	2,118	4,158
Employee stock purchase program	1,396	1,067	670
Withholding cash issued in lieu of restricted stock and other	(6,725)	(4,972)	(19,151)
Repurchase and retirement of shares	0	0	(953)
Shareholder dividend distributions	(5,326)	(5,266)	(5,186)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(19,336)	(24,584)	15,784
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(21,341)	92,603	(574)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	103,238	10,635	11,209
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$ 81,897	$ 103,238	$ 10,635