Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Operations | Operations |
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Vuzix Corporation (the Company) was formed in 1997 under the laws of the State of Delaware and maintains its corporate offices in Rochester, New York. The Company is engaged in the design, manufacture, marketing and sale of devices that are worn like eyeglasses and which feature built-in video screens that enable the user to view video and digital content, such as movies, computer data, the Internet or video games. Our products (known commercially as “Video Eyewear”) are used to view high resolution video and digital information from portable devices, such as cell phones, portable media players, gaming systems and laptop computers and from personal computers. Our products provide the user with a virtual viewing experience that emulates viewing a large screen television or desktop computer monitor practically anywhere, anytime. |
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Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation |
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The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Vuzix Europe. All significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. |
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Segment Data, Geographic Information and Significant Customers | Segment Data, Geographic Information and Significant Customers |
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The Company is not organized by market and is managed and operated as one business. A single management team that reports to the chief operating decision maker comprehensively manages the entire business. The Company does not operate any material separate lines of business or separate business entities. Accordingly, the Company does not accumulate discrete information, other than product revenue and material costs, with respect to separate product lines and does not have separately reportable segments as defined by FASB ASC Topic 280, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” |
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Shipments to customers outside of the United States approximated 43% and 36% of sales in 2014 and 2013, respectively. No single international country represented more than 10% of revenues. The Company does not maintain significant amounts of long-lived assets outside of the United States other than tooling held by its third party manufacturers, primarily in China. |
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The Company has at times had a concentration of sales to the U.S. government, they amounted to approximately 10% and 17% of sales in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Accounts receivable from the U.S. government accounted for 6% and 79% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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Foreign Currency Transactions | Foreign Currency Transactions |
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The British Pound is the functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiary. Gains and losses arising upon settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in the determination of net loss. |
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Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at year end and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk |
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The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. |
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Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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The Company’s cash received is applied against its revolving line of credit on a periodic basis based on projected monthly cash flows, reducing interest expense. Cash and cash equivalents can include highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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The Company’s financial instruments primarily consists of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, lines of credit, long-term debt and capital leases, customer deposits, accrued expenses, and income taxes payable. |
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As of the consolidated balance sheet date, the estimated fair values of the financial instruments were not materially different from their carrying values as presented due to both the short maturities of these instruments and that the interest rates on borrowing approximate those that would have been available for loans for similar remaining maturity and risk profiles. |
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Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable |
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The Company carries its trade accounts receivable at invoice amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company establishes an allowance for uncollectible trade accounts receivable based on the age of outstanding invoices and management’s evaluation of collectability of outstanding balances. These provisions are established when the aging of outstanding amounts exceeds allowable terms and are re-evaluated at each quarter end for adequacy. In determining the adequacy of the provision, the Company considers known uncollectible or at risk receivables. There was no allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company does not accrue interest on past due accounts receivable unless it goes into collection. |
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Inventories | Inventories |
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Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market using the weighted average first-in, first-out method. The Company includes direct overhead costs in its inventory valuation costing. The Company records provisions for excess, obsolete or slow moving inventory based on changes in customer demand, technology developments or other economic factors. The Company’s products have product life cycles that range on average from two to three years currently. At both the product introduction and product discontinuation stage, there is a higher degree of risk of inventory obsolescence. The provision for obsolete and excess inventory is evaluated for adequacy at each quarter end. The estimate of the provision for obsolete and excess inventory is partially based on expected future product sales, which are difficult to forecast for certain products. |
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Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition |
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The Company recognizes revenue from product sales in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605 “Revenue Recognition”. Product sales represent the majority of the Company’s revenue. The Company recognizes revenue from these product sales when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the sale price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. The Company sells its products on terms which transfer title and risk of loss at a specified location, typically shipping point. Accordingly, revenue recognition from product sales occurs when all factors are met. If these conditions are not met, the Company will defer revenue recognition until such time as these conditions have been satisfied. The Company collects and remits sales taxes in certain jurisdictions and reports revenue net of any associated sales taxes. The Company also sells certain products through distributors who are granted limited rights of return for stock balancing against purchases made within a prior 90 day period, including price adjustments downwards that the Company implements on any existing inventory. The provision for product returns and price adjustments is assessed for adequacy both at the time of sale and at each quarter end and is based on recent historical experience and known customer claims and was not material as of December 31, 2014 or 2013. |
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Revenue from any engineering consulting and other services is recognized at the time the services are rendered. The Company accounts for its longer-term development contracts, which to date have all been firm fixed-priced contracts, on the percentage-of-completion method, whereby income is recognized as work on contracts progresses, but estimated losses on contracts in progress are charged to operations immediately. The percentage-of-completion is determined using the cost-to-cost method. Amounts are generally billed on a monthly basis. To date all such contracts have been less than one calendar year in duration. |
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The Company recognizes software license revenue under ASC 985-605 “Software Revenue Recognition” and under ASC 605-25 “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”, and related interpretations, as amended. |
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Licensed software may be sold as a stand-alone element, with other software elements, or in conjunction with hardware products. When the Company’s products consists of more than one element, it is considered to be a multiple element arrangement (MEA). When sold as a stand-alone element, the revenue is recognized upon shipment as discussed above. When sold as part of a MEA, revenue from the licensed software is recognized when the product and embedded software is shipped to the customer. |
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For either a single element transaction or a MEA, the Company allocates consideration to all deliverables based on their relative stand-alone selling prices. Amendments to ASC 605-25, which became effective January 1, 2011, establish a hierarchy to determine the stand-alone selling price as follows: |
| · | Vendor Specific Objective Evidence of the fair value (VSOE), |
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| · | Third Party Evidence (TPE) |
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| · | Best Estimate of the Selling Price (ESP) |
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Sales which constitute a MEA are accounted for by determining if the elements can be accounted for as separate accounting units, and if so, by applying values to those units, per the hierarchy above. If VSOE is not available, management estimates the fair selling price using historical pricing for similar items, in conjunction with current pricing and discount policies. |
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Revenue from licensed software is recognized upon shipment and in accordance with industry-specific software recognition accounting guidance. Software updates that will be provided free of charge are evaluated on a case-by-case basis to determine whether they meet the definition of an upgrade and create a multiple element arrangement. The consideration allocated to the unspecified software upgrade rights and non-software services is deferred and recognized rateably over the 24-month estimated life of the devices. The Company’s BESP for the unspecified software upgrade right and non-software services is $25 per unit for the M100 Smart Glass. |
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Fees charged to customers for post-contract Technical Support are recognized ratably over the term of the contract. Costs related to maintenance obligations are expensed as incurred. |
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Unearned Revenue | Unearned Revenue |
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These amounts represent deferred revenue against unfulfilled deliverables of multiple-element products, including unspecified post-delivery support and software updates. |
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Tooling and Equipment | Tooling and Equipment |
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Tooling and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of tooling and equipment is provided for using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: |
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Computers and Software | 3 years | |
Manufacturing Equipment | 5 years | |
Tooling | 3 years | |
Furniture and Equipment | 5 years | |
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Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Asset betterments are capitalized. |
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Patents and Trademarks | Patents and Trademarks |
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The Company capitalizes the costs of obtaining its patents and registration of Trademarks. Such costs are accumulated and capitalized during the filing periods, which can take several years to complete. Successful applications that result in the granting of a patent or trademark are then amortized over 15 years on a straight-line basis. Unsuccessful applications are written off and expensed in the fiscal period where the application is abandoned or discontinued. |
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Software Development Costs | Software Development Costs |
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The Company capitalizes the costs of obtaining its software once technological feasibility has been determined by management. Such costs are accumulated and capitalized and projects can take several years to complete. Unsuccessful or discontinued software projects are written off and expensed in the fiscal period where the application is abandoned or discontinued. Costs incurred internally in researching and developing a computer software product are charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established for the product. Once technological feasibility is established, all software costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Judgment is required in determining when technological feasibility of a product is established. Once the product is available for general release, accumulated costs are amortized over the life of the asset. The amortization of these costs is included in cost of revenue over the estimated life of the products, which currently is estimated as 3 years using a straight-line basis. |
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Long-Lived Assets | Long-Lived Assets |
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The Company regularly assesses all of its long-lived assets for impairment when events or circumstances indicate their carrying amounts may not be recoverable, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 360-10, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” In 2014, an impairment charge of $104,716 was recorded related to abandoned patents and trademarks. In 2013, an impairment charge of $73,423 was recorded related to abandoned patents and trademarks. |
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Research and Development | Research and Development |
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Research and development costs, are expensed as incurred consistent with the guidance of FASB ASC Topic 730, “Research and Development,” and include employee related costs, office expenses, third party design and engineering services, and new product prototyping costs. Costs incurred internally in researching and developing a computer software product are charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established for the product. |
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Shipping and Handling Costs | Shipping and Handling Costs |
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Amounts charged to customers and costs incurred by the Company related to shipping and handling are included in net sales and cost of goods sold, respectively, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605-45, “Revenue Recognition – Principal Agent Consideration”, “Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs.” |
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Provision for Future Warranty Costs | Provision for Future Warranty Costs |
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The Company provides for the estimated returns under warranty and the costs of fulfilling our obligations under product warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized. The Company estimates the costs based on historical and projected product failure rates, historical and projected repair costs, and knowledge of specific product failures (if any). The specific warranty terms and conditions vary depending upon the country in which we do business, but generally include parts and labor over a period generally ranging from one to two years from the date of product shipment. The Company provides a reserve for expected future warranty returns at the time of product shipment or produces over-builds to cover replacements. We regularly reevaluate our estimates to assess the adequacy of the recorded warranty liabilities and adjust the amounts as necessary each quarter end and is based on historical experience of warranty claims and costs. |
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Customer Deposits | Customer Deposits |
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Customer deposits represents money the Company received in advance of providing a product or engineering services to a customer. All such deposits are short term in nature as the Company delivers the product, unfulfilled portions or engineering services to the customer before the end of its next annual fiscal period. These deposits are credited to the customer against product deliveries or at the completion of the customer’s order. |
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Advertising | Advertising |
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Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in “Selling and Marketing” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Advertising expense for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 amounted to $192,181 and $231,552, respectively. |
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Income Taxes | Income Taxes |
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The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740-10, “Income Taxes.” Accordingly, the Company provides deferred income tax assets and liabilities based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial and tax bases of assets and liabilities based on currently enacted tax laws. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets in amounts for which realization is not considered more likely than not to occur. |
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The Company reports any interest and penalties accrued relating to uncertain income tax positions as a component of the income tax provision. |
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Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share |
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Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income less accrued dividends on any outstanding preferred stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share calculations reflect the assumed exercise of all dilutive employee stock options and warrants applying the treasury stock method promulgated by FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share” and the conversion of any outstanding convertible preferred shares or notes payable that are-in-the-money, applying the as-if-converted method. However, if the assumed exercise of stock options and warrants and the conversion of any preferred shares or convertible notes payable are anti-dilutive, basic and diluted earnings per share are the same for all periods. As a results of the net loss generated in 2014 and 2013 all outstanding instruments would be antidilutive. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were 7,012,767 and 7,362,293 respectively, of common stock share equivalents potentially issuable under convertible debt agreements, options, and warrants that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future. See Note 22 for details of dilutive and potentially dilutive securities issued after December 31, 2014. |
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Stock-Based Employee Compensation | Stock-Based Employee Compensation |
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The Company accounts for share-based compensation to employees and directors in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 “Compensation Stock Expense,” which requires that compensation expense be recognized in the consolidated financial statements for share-based awards based on the grant-date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation model of those awards. The Company uses the fair market value of our common stock on the date of each option grant based on market price of the Company’s common shares. Stock-based compensation expense includes an estimate of forfeitures and is recognized over the requisite service periods of the awards on a straight-line or graded vesting basis, which is generally commensurate with the vesting term. Stock-based compensation expense associated with stock option grants for the years ending December 31, 2014 and 2013 was $260,747 and $159,272, respectively. |
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The Company issues new shares upon stock option exercises. Please refer to Note 16 Stock Option Plans, for further information. |
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Derivative Liability and Fair Value Measurements | Derivative Liability and Fair Value Measurements |
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FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. ASC 820 permits an entity to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings each period. In accordance with ASC 815-10-25, we measured the derivative liability using a Lattice pricing model at their issuance date and subsequently they are remeasured. Accordingly, at the end of each quarterly reporting date the derivative fair market value is remeasured and adjusted to current market value. Derivatives that have more than one year remaining in their life are shown as long term derivative liabilities. |
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Significant unobservable inputs are used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s derivative liability. The primary input factors driving the economic or fair value of the derivative liabilities related to the warrants and convertible notes are the stock price of the Company’s shares, the price volatility of the shares, reset events, and exercise behavior. An important valuation input factor used in determining fair value was the expected volatility of observed share prices and the probability of projected resets in warrant exercise and note conversion prices from financing events before each security’s maturity. For exercise behavior the Company assumed that without a target price of 2 times the projected reset price or higher that the holders of the warrants and convertible notes would hold to maturity. In determining the fair value of the derivatives it was assumed that the Company’s business would be conducted as a going concern and that holding to maturity was reasonable. Further the January 2, 2015 Series A Preferred financing reduced the expected probably to near zero for price resets from financing events. |
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ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. Such inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Such inputs are used to measure fair value when observable inputs are not available. |
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
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In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09 ("ASU 2014-09"), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, an updated standard on revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported while also improving comparability in the financial statements of companies reporting using International Financial Reporting Standards and GAAP. The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also will result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that were not previously addressed comprehensively, and improve guidance for multiple-element arrangements. ASU 2014-09 will be effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 and may be applied on a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach. The Company is still currently evaluating the impact of implementation of this standard on its financial statements. |
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In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, ”Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern”, which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements. The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. An entity will be required to provide certain disclosures if conditions of events raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ASU applies to all entities and is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-15 on our consolidated financial statements and have not yet determined when we will adopt the standard. |
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There are no other recent accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
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