UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X] | Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 |
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| For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2010 |
or
[_] | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
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| For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 333-159717
VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC.
(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)
British Virgin Islands | Not Applicable |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
incorporation or organization) | |
2102 Business Center Drive, Suite 130, Irvine, CA 92612
(Address of principal executive offices)
(626) 768-3360
(Issuer’s telephone number)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [_]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES [_] NO [_]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer [_] | | Accelerated filer [_] |
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Non-accelerated filer [_] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | | Smaller reporting company [X] |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES [_] NO [X]
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 8,600,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock issued and outstanding as of August 13, 2010.
VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC.
QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2010
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Part I. | | | |
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Item 1. | | | |
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Item 2. | | | 14 |
Item 3. | | | 18 |
Item 4. | | | 18 |
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Part II. | | | |
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Item 1. | | | 19 |
Item 1A. | | | 19 |
Item 2. | | | 20 |
Item 3. | | | |
Item 4. | | | |
Item 5. | | | |
Item 6. | | | |
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VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC.
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| | (Unaudited) June 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | |
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Cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $18,000 in 2009 | | | | | | | | |
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Related party receivables | | | | | | | | |
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FIXED ASSETS, net of accumulated depreciation | | | | | | | | |
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Land Use Right, net of accumulated amortization | | | | | | | | |
License to Grass, net of accumulated amortization | | | | | | | | |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
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TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | |
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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES | | | | | | | | |
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Common stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 8,600,000 issued and outstanding in 2010 and 2009 | | | | | | | | |
Additional paid in capital | | | | | | | | |
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Total stockholders’ equity | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC.
AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
| (Unaudited) Three Months Ended June 30 | | | (Unaudited) Six Months Ended June 30 | |
| 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
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Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Total other income (expense) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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NET INCOME (LOSS) AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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NET LOSS PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK - Basic and diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING - Basic and diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
* Less than $0.01 per shareSee accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC.
| | (Unaudited) Six Months Ended June 30 | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | | |
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Gain on disposal of fixed assets | | | | | | | | |
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Net cash used in operating activities | | | | | | | | |
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CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Additions of fixed assets | | | | | | | | |
Additions of land use rights | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from disposal of vehicle | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | | | | | | |
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CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Reduction in related party loans | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in financing activities | | | | | | | | |
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EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | | | | | | | | |
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NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | | | | | | | | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, Beginning of period | | | | | | | | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, End of period | | | | | | | | |
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Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid during the period for: | | | | | | | | |
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC.
June 30, 2010 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2009 (Audited)
Note 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business – VIASPACE Green Energy Inc. (“VGE”), a British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) international company and its subsidiaries, Inter-Pacific Arts Corp. (“IPA BVI”) and Guangzhou Inter-Pacific Arts Corp. (“IPA China”) (collectively, “the Company”, “we” or “us” ) specialize in manufacturing and selling high quality, copyrighted, framed artwork to retail stores. The Company manufactures its artwork in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) and sells its products within the PRC and worldwide. The Company also has a worldwide sublicense to cultivate and sell Giant King Grass (GKG”) ̵ 1; a natural hybrid, non-genetically modified, extremely fast-growing, perennial grass suitable for livestock feed as well as a feedstock for biofuel production. GKG has the potential to be used in the production of nonfood crop based biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol, methanol and green gasoline; burned directly in power plants as a clean substitute for coal, and in the more immediate term, as animal feed for dairy cows, pigs, sheep, goats, fish and other animals. VGE was formed on July 1, 2008 and was inactive from July 1, 2008 through October 20, 2008. IPA BVI is a BVI international company formed in 2003 and IPA China is a Chinese wholly owned foreign enterprise formed in 2003 and registered in Guangdong province of the PRC.
Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company were prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) for financial information and with Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, the unaudited financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto includ ed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2009. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been reflected in these interim financial statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. Certain reclassifications were made to the June 30, 2009 consolidated financial statements, to conform to the June 30, 2010 consolidated financial statement presentation.
Company History – Prior to October 21, 2008, VGE was 100% owned by VIASPACE Inc. (“VIASPACE” or “Parent Company”) and had no active operations. On October 21, 2008, the majority shareholder of IPA BVI and IPA China, Sung Hsien Chang (“Chang”), entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with VGE, VIASPACE and China Gate Technology Co., Ltd., a Brunei Darussalam company ("Licensor"). Under the Purchase Agreement, VGE acquired 100% of IPA BVI and the entire equity interest of IPA China from Chang. In exchange, VIASPACE agreed to pay approximately $16 million in a combination of cash, and newly-issued shares of VIASPACE and VGE stock. 60;In addition, VIASPACE issued shares of its common stock to Licensor for Licensor’s sublicense of certain fast growing grass technology to IPA China. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, VIASPACE owns 75.7% and 59.3%, respectively, of the outstanding common shares of VGE.
Principles of Consolidation – VGE has a controlling interest in IPA BVI and IPA China and accounts for these subsidiaries under the consolidation method. Under this method, an affiliated company’s results of operations are reflected within the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. Transactions between consolidated affiliated companies are eliminated in consolidation. The Company adopted “Business Combinations”, codified in FASB ASC Topic 805, which requires use of the purchase method for all business combinations.
Fiscal Year End - The Company’s fiscal year ends December 31.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of the Financial Statements - The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with US GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents - The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments, purchased with an original maturity of three months or less, to be cash equivalents.
Concentration of Credit Risk - The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and related party receivable. The Company maintains all of its cash accounts with high credit quality institutions. Such balances with any one institution may exceed FDIC insured limits.
Accounts Receivable Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - The allowance for doubtful accounts relates to specifically identified receivables that are evaluated individually for collectability. We determine a receivable is uncollectible when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect amounts due according to the original contractual terms of the receivable agreement, without regard to any subsequent restructurings. Factors considered in assessing collectability include, but are not limited to, a customer’s extended delinquency, requests for restructuring and filings for bankruptcy. For the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company had one customer which made u p 92% and 62%, respectively, of our total revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company had one customer which made up 85% and 65%, respectively, of our total revenues.
Inventory – Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the average cost method. Market is determined using net realizable value. The Company writes down its inventory for estimated obsolescence, excess quantities and other factors in evaluating net realizable value.
The following is a summary of inventory at June 30, 2010 (unaudited):
| | Raw Materials | | | Finished Goods | | | Total | |
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The following is a summary of inventory at December 31, 2009:
| | Raw Materials | | | Finished Goods | | | Total | |
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Property and Equipment - Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method for substantially all assets and estimated lives as follows:
Land Use Right – All land in the PRC is government owned and cannot be sold to any individual or company. IPA China acquired land use rights for the land occupied by its manufacturing facility in 2005. VGE acquired land use rights in 2010 on land of approximately 13 hectares, or 33 acres in Guangdong province of the PRC to grow GKG. As of June 30, 2010, VGE has cumulative land use rights of approximately 113 hectares, or 280 acres in Guangdong province of the PRC.
License – IPA China has a license to grow and sell a new fast-growing hybrid grass known as GKG used for production of biofuels and as feed for livestock. IPA China sublicensed this right from China Gate Technology Co., Ltd. (Licensor) who obtained the original license from the inventor. IPA China did not directly pay for the license. VIASPACE issued shares of its common stock to Licensor upon the acquisition of IPA China by VIASPACE and VGE on October 21, 2008 to pay for the license.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The recorded value of accounts receivables, related party receivables, related party payables, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values based on their short-term nature. The recorded values of long-term debt and liabilities approximate fair value.
Income Taxes– The Company utilizes “Accounting for Income Taxes,” codified in FASB ASC Topic 740, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each period end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances ar e established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
The statutory corporate income tax rate for foreign enterprises in the PRC was 25% for 2009 and 2010. IPA China is subject to local income tax rate of 3% for 2009 and 2010. VGE and IPA BVI are British Virgin Islands international companies and not subject to United States income taxes.
The Company does not have any deferred tax assets or liabilities recorded for the periods covered by the accompanying financial statements due to no significant book to tax basis differences existing.
Revenue Recognition – IPA BVI and IPA China have generated revenues on product shipments. In accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition”, codified in FASB ASC Topic 605, IPA recognizes product revenue provided that (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) delivery to the customer has occurred, (3) the selling price is fixed or determinable and (4) collection is reasonably assured. Delivery is considered to have occurred when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer. The price is considered fixed or determinable when it is not subject to refund or adjustments. Our standard shipping terms are free on board shipping point. Some of the Company’s products are sold in the PRC and are subject to Chinese value-added tax. This VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing their finished product. Revenue is recorded net of VAT taxes.
Cost of Revenues – Cost of revenues consists primarily of material costs, employee compensation, depreciation and related expenses, which are directly attributable to the production of products. Any write-down of inventory to lower of cost or market is also recorded in cost of revenues.
Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income (Loss) – IPA China’s functional currency is the Renminbi (“RMB”). For financial reporting purposes, RMB were translated into United States dollars ("USD") as the reporting currency. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during the reporting period. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a component of stockholders' equity as "Accumulated other comprehensive income". Gains and losses resulting f rom foreign currency transactions are included in income. There has been no significant fluctuation in exchange rate for the conversion of RMB to USD after the balance sheet date. The sales of IPA BVI are in USD.
Segment Reporting and Geographic Information – "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information", codified in FASB ASC Topic 280, requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company's management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other manner in which management disaggregates a company. At June 30, 2010, the Company's operations are conducted in two industry segments, the Consumer Products segment which specializes in manufacturing and selling hi gh-quality, copyrighted, framed artwork to retail stores and the Grass segment, through its growing, harvesting and selling of its GKG as a livestock feed as well as a feedstock for biofuel production. From a geographic standpoint, all of the Company’s revenues for 2010 are to customers in the United States. All of the Company’s revenues for 2010 are in the Consumer Products segment. All identifiable assets at June 30, 2010 are in the Asia/Pacific region and are related to the Consumer Products segment, with the exception of inventory, which is broken down by segment above.
NOTE 2 — FIXED ASSETS
Fixed assets are comprised of the following at June 30, 2010 (unaudited) and December 31, 2009:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
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Total property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | | | | | | | | |
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Depreciation was $16,000 (unaudited) and $16,000 (unaudited) for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Depreciation was $39,000 (unaudited) and $34,000 (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
NOTE 3 — LAND USE RIGHT
Land use right is composed of the following at June 30, 2010 (unaudited) and December 31, 2009:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
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Less: Accumulated amortization | | | | | | | | |
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Amortization was $11,000 (unaudited) and $8,000 (unaudited) for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Amortization was $20,000 (unaudited) and $13,000 (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The amortization for the next five years will be: 2011 - $41,000; 2012 - $38,000; 2013 - $32,000; 2014 - $30,000; and 2015 - $30,000.
NOTE 4 — INTANGIBLE ASSETS
License to Grass
As more fully explained in Note 10, VIASPACE and VGE acquired IPA China and IPA BVI on October 21, 2008. IPA China has a worldwide license to cultivate and sell a fast-growing high yield hybrid grass called GKG that has the potential to be used in the production of nonfood biofuels and, in the more immediate term, animal feedstock for dairy cows, pigs, sheep, goats, fish and other animals. VIASPACE issued 30,576,007 shares to the Licensor of the GKG valued at $507,000 on the date of acquisition. The grass license is being amortized over an estimated useful life of 20 years.
Amortization expense was $7,000 (unaudited) for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. Amortization expense was $13,000 (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. The amortization expense for the next five years will be $26,000 in each year.
License to Grass is composed of the following at June 30, 2010 (unaudited) and December 31, 2009:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
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Less: Accumulated amortization | | | | | | | | |
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Goodwill
As more fully explained in Note 10, VIASPACE and VGE acquired IPA China and IPA BVI on October 21, 2008 and recorded goodwill of $12,322,000 related to the acquisition.
NOTE 5 — RELATED PARTIES
Other than as listed below, we have not been a party to any significant transactions, proposed transactions, or series of transactions, and in which, to our knowledge, any of our directors, officers, five percent beneficial security holders, or any member of the immediate family of the foregoing persons has had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Related Party Receivables
Included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 are Related Party Receivables and Payables. The Related Party Receivables and Payables are detailed below. Sung Hsien Chang is a director and major shareholder of VIASPACE, President and a director of VGE, and CEO of IPA China and IPA BVI. Chang also holds security interests in VIASPACE, VGE, IPA China and IPA BVI. JJ International (“JJ”) is a company owned by Sung Hsien Chang that operates separately. JJ also acts as a distributor of product for VGE. IPA China recorded revenues of $145,000 from JJ for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
The following table represents a summary of Related Party Receivables at June 30, 2010 (unaudited) and December 31, 2009:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Due from Sung Hsien Chang | | | | | | | | |
Due from JJ International | | | | | | | | |
Due from employee of IPA China | | | | | | | | |
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On April 14, 2010, Sung Hsien Chang owed IPA BVI $807,833 including interest for loans and advances. Mr. Chang repaid IPA BVI on that date by transferring 56,889,650 shares of the common stock of VIASPACE to IPA BVI. The amount was repaid at fair market value and represented a closing price of VIASPACE common stock of $0.0142 per share.
Related Party Payables
The following table represents a summary of Related Party Payables at June 30, 2010 (unaudited) and December 31, 2009:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Due to employee of IPA China | | | | | | | | |
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Employment Agreements
On May 14, 2010, VGE entered into two-year employment agreements with each of Carl Kukkonen, Sung Hsien Chang and Stephen Muzi. Dr. Kukkonen would serve as Chief Executive Officer of VGE, Mr. Chang as President of VGE, and Mr. Muzi as Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of VGE. Dr. Kukkonen and Mr. Chang would receive a salary of $240,000 per annum and Mr. Muzi would receive $180,000 per annum. For the first 12 months, Messrs. Kukkonen and Muzi would be paid by VIASPACE. The remainder of the employment term they would be paid by VGE. Each of them would be entitled to a bonus as determined by the VGE Board of Directors, customary insurance and health benefits, 20 business days paid leave per year, and reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses in the co urse of his employment.
NOTE 6 — INCOME TAXES
IPA China is governed by the Income Tax Law of the PRC concerning the private-run enterprises, which are generally subject to tax at a statutory rate of 25% in 2009 and 2010 on income reported in the statutory financial statements after appropriated tax adjustments. VGE and IPA BVI are BVI international companies and not subject to United States income taxes.
NOTE 7 — STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
On June 2, 2009, the Board of Directors (“Board”) of VGE adopted the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (the “VGE Plan”). The Plan was also approved by the holders of a majority of the Company’s common stock. The VGE Plan provided for the reservation for issuance under the Plan of 1,400,000 shares of VGE common stock.
The VGE Plan is designed to provide additional incentive to employees, directors and consultants of the Company through the awarding of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and other awards. The VGE Board administers the VGE Plan, selects the individuals to whom options will be granted, determines the number of options to be granted, and the term and exercise price of each option. Stock options granted pursuant to the terms of the VGE Plan generally cannot be granted with an exercise price of less than 100% of the fair market value on the date of the grant. The term of the options granted under the Plan cannot be greater than 10 years. Options to employees and directors generally vest over a period determined by the VGE Boa rd. An aggregate of 50,000 shares were available for future grant at June 30, 2010. On March 25, 2010, VGE granted 1,350,000 stock options to the following: Carl Kukkonen, VGE CEO 550,000 stock options; Sung Hsien Chang, VGE President 550,000 stock options; and Stephen Muzi, VGE CFO 250,000 stock options. There were no stock options cancelled during 2010.
The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model has assumptions for risk free interest rates, dividends, stock volatility and expected life of an option grant. The risk free interest rate is based upon market yields for United States Treasury debt securities at a maturity near the term remaining on the option. Dividend rates are based on dividend history. The stock volatility factor is based on the historical volatility of VGE’s stock price. The expected life of an option grant is based on management’s estimate as no options have been exercised in the Plan to date. The fair value of each option grant to employees, directors and consul tants is calculated by the Black-Scholes method and is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of each stock option award.
For stock options issued, the fair value was estimated at the date of grant using the following range of assumptions:
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Volatility factor (estimated) | | |
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Annual forfeiture rate (estimated) | | |
The following table summarizes activity for employees and directors in VGE’s Plan for 2010:
| | Number of Shares | | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share | | | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term In Years | | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Outstanding at June 30, 2010 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at June 30, 2010 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors during 2010 was $0.80 per share. The Company recorded $111,000 of compensation expense for employee and director stock options during 2010. At June 30, 2010, there was $779,000 of unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements under the Plan that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately one year and nine months. At June 30, 2010, the fair value of options vested for employees and directors was $135,000. There were no options exercised during 2010.
NOTE 8 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases
The Company is not currently in any long term office lease. Lease on land in the PRC is discussed in Note 1 and Note 3.
Operations in the PRC
IPA China’s operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in the North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.
The Company’s sales, purchases and expenses transactions are denominated in RMB and all of the Company’s assets and liabilities are also denominated in RMB. The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currencies under the current law. In China, foreign exchange transactions are required by law to be transacted only by authorized financial institutions. Remittances in currencies other than RMB may require certain supporting documentation in order to affect the remittance.
IPA art designers work with buyers from retail chains to choose prints and other art forms from catalogs of licensed work. We only purchase prints from companies with whom we have long-standing relationships, and we guarantee our customers there are no counterfeits and that all royalties have been paid. The vendors from whom we purchase prints guarantee to us that all of the prints they are selling are not counterfeits and that all royalties have been paid to the artist of the prints. We then pass this guarantee on to our customers. Since the time IPA was formed in 2003, we have not received any legal claims challenging any of the prints we have sold.
Employment Agreements
On May 14, 2010, VGE entered into two-year employment agreements with each of Carl Kukkonen, Sung Hsien Chang and Stephen Muzi. Dr. Kukkonen would serve as Chief Executive Officer of VGE, Mr. Chang as President of VGE, and Mr. Muzi as Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of VGE. Dr. Kukkonen and Mr. Chang would receive a salary of $240,000 per annum and Mr. Muzi would receive $180,000 per annum. For the first 12 months, Messrs. Kukkonen and Muzi would be paid by VIASPACE. The remainder of the employment term they would be paid by VGE. Each of them would be entitled to a bonus as determined by the VGE Board of Directors, customary insurance and health benefits, 20 business days paid leave per year, and reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses in the co urse of his employment.
Litigation
The Company is not party to any material legal proceedings at the present time.
NOTE 9 — FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
On February 25, 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2010-09 Subsequent Events Topic 855 “Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements,” effective immediately. The amendments in the ASU remove the requirement for an SEC filer to disclose a date through which subsequent events have been evaluated in both issued and revised financial statements. Revised financial statements include financial statements revised as a result of either correction of an error or retrospective application of US GAAP. The FASB believes these amendments remove potential conflicts with the SEC’s literature. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
On March 5, 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-11 Derivatives and Hedging Topic 815 “Scope Exception Related to Embedded Credit Derivatives.” This ASU clarifies the guidance within the derivative literature that exempts certain credit related features from analysis as potential embedded derivatives requiring separate accounting. The ASU specifies that an embedded credit derivative feature related to the transfer of credit risk that is only in the form of subordination of one financial instrument to another is not subject to bifurcation from a host contract under ASC 815-15-25, Derivatives and Hedging — Embedded Derivatives — Recognition. All other embedded credit derivative features should be analyzed to determine whether their economic characteristics and risks are “cle arly and closely related” to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract and whether bifurcation is required. The ASU is effective for the Company on July 1, 2010. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 10 — ACQUISITION OF IPA BVI AND IPA CHINA
On October 21, 2008, VIASPACE and VGE entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with Sung Hsien Chang ("Chang"), and China Gate Technology Co., Ltd., a Brunei Darussalam company ("Licensor"). Under the Purchase Agreement, we agreed to acquire 100% of Inter-Pacific Arts Corp., a BVI international business company ("IPA BVI"), and the entire equity interest of Guangzhou Inter-Pacific Arts Corp., a Chinese wholly owned foreign enterprise registered in Guangdong province ("IPA China") from Chang, the sole shareholder of IPA BVI and IPA China. In exchange, VIASPACE agreed to pay $16 million in a combination of cash, and newly-issued shares of VIASPACE and our ordinary shares. In addition, VIASPACE issued shares of its common stock to Licensor and in exchange Licensor sub licensed c ertain fast growing grass technology to IPA China.
The transactions under the Purchase Agreement ("Acquisition") were to involve two phases. At the first closing on October 21, 2008, we issued 3,500,000 newly-issued shares to Chang and his designees. VIASPACE issued 215,384,615 shares of its common stock to Chang and 30,576,007 shares of common stock to Licensor. Chang delivered 70% of the outstanding common stock of IPA BVI to us. At that point, we controlled 70% of IPA BVI. Accordingly, we consolidated their results, assets and liabilities in our financial statements. IPA China became a wholly-owned subsidiary of IPA BVI (and indirectly, our subsidiary) subsequent to the First Closing on June 9, 2009.
The conditions to VIASPACE’s and VGE’s obligations to consummate the second closing included: (1) representations and warranties of Chang and Licensor remained true at closing; (2) Chang complied with the material covenants under the agreement; (3) the issuance of the securities to Chang and Licensor were exempt from registration, including under Regulation D for which the issuance of the first closing shares relied upon; (4) Chang executed certain compliance certificates; (5) customary permits, consents and waivers were obtained; (6) books and records were delivered to VIASPACE; (7) an officer’s certificate regarding each target’s charter documents were delivered; (8) due diligence had been satisfactorily completed; and (9) Chang shall have transferred his entire equity interest in IPA China to IPA BVI.
The conditions to Chang’s and Licensor’s obligation to consummate the second closing included: (1) representations and warranties of VIASPACE and us remained true at closing; (2) VIASPACE and we complied with the material covenants under the agreement; (3) books and records of VIASPACE were delivered or made available to Chang and his counsel; (4) any necessary third party consents shall have been obtained; and (5) VIASPACE shall be prepared to deliver $4.8 million plus interest in cash to Chang. To our knowledge, all of these criteria, other than the cash payment were met. Even if the Second Closing did not occur, the remaining 30% of IPA BVI was to be transferred by Chang to VGE prior to the Second Closing deadline.
In addition, the Licensor and Chang, the seller of IPA China and IPA BVI, each represented that at least 100 hectares of arable land in Guangdong province in China will be available for grass farming by IPA China within 12 months after the First Closing Date. IPA China secured 45 hectares of arable land in the first quarter of 2009 and leased an additional 55 hectares in the third quarter of 2009. The requirement was met.
On August 21, 2009, the parties entered into a second Amendment to the Purchase Agreement whereby VIASPACE irrevocably assigned to Chang and Licensor the VIASPACE shares issued to Chang and Licensor in the First Closing of the Purchase Agreement. Licensor agreed to limit sales of VIASPACE common shares issued at the First Closing to 8,800,000 shares in any 90-day period.
As required by the Purchase Agreement, VGE filed a Form S-1 Registration Statement with the SEC on June 3, 2009 covering the resale of a portion of VGE common stock issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement as permitted by SEC regulations. The SEC declared the VGE Form S-1 Registration Statement effective on December 31, 2009. On January 14, 2010, VGE received approval from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) that its shares of common stock are approved for listing on the OTC Bulletin Board under the ticker symbol VGREF.OB. This satisfied the requirement in the Purchase Agreement that VGE stock be listed on a Trading Market.
Following various additional amendments to the Purchase Agreement, the deadline for the Second Closing in which the remaining minority interest of 30% of IPA BVI equity holdings would be transferred to us was February 15, 2010. At the Second Closing deadline, VIASPACE was to pay $4.8 million ("Cash Consideration") plus Interest (as determined below) since the First Closing, in cash to Chang. Interest on the Cash Consideration shall accrue at 6% for the first six months after the First Closing, and then 18% until June 10, 2009, and then at an annual rate of 6% thereafter.
The Second Closing did not occur on February 15, 2010. As a result, VIASPACE had a contractual obligation to deliver all of the VGE shares it holds to Chang and Chang has an obligation to deliver the remaining 30% of IPA BVI equity to us. However, Chang, VIASPACE and VGE agreed to continue and continued negotiating an alternative closing and purchase of IPA.
On April 16, 2010, VIASPACE and Chang entered into a Share Purchase Agreement ("Share Purchase Agreement") pursuant to which Chang would transfer controlling interest of VGE to VIASPACE, or 6,506,000 shares of VGE capital stock, and VIASPACE would grant Chang (i) 241,667,000 newly-issued shares of its common stock, (ii) one share of its Series A Preferred Stock which controls 50.1% of the voting power of VIASPACE equity securities, and (iii) a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $5,331,025 (the "Note"). The Note was secured by substantially all assets of VIASPACE, VGE, IPA China and IPA BVI. The issuance of Series A Preferred Stock to Chang, in effect, gave Chang a controlling ownership interest in VIASPACE.
On May 14, 2010, VIASPACE, Chang and other VGE shareholders closed the transactions contemplated by the Share Purchase Agreement (the "Closing") and in connection with the Closing, VIASPACE, VGE, IPA BVI and IPA China (each a “company”) entered into certain agreements with Chang. In particular, each executed (i) a Guarantee with Chang pursuant to which each company guaranteed VIASPACE’s repayment of the Note and (ii) a Security Agreement with Chang in which such company granted a security interest in a significant amount of assets of each company. In addition, VIASPACE also executed stock pledge agreement pledging all of the securities it owns in VGE as collateral for repayment of the Note. VIASPACE also executed a registration rights agreement in which it granted Chang rights to register his newly issued shares of VIASPACE common stock. VGE also executed employment agreements for Carl Kukkonen, CEO; Sung Hsien Chang, President; and Stephen Muzi, Chief Financial Officer.
The value paid by VIASPACE and VGE for the acquisition was $15,832,000 composed of: fair market value of VIASPACE stock issued for assets acquired - $4,589,000; VIASPACE loan to Mr. Sung Hsien Chang - $4,800,000; and VIASPACE minority interest in VGE - $6,443,000. The net assets acquired totaled $3,003,000. The excess of value paid for the acquisition in excess of net assets acquired was assigned to: grass license - $507,000 and goodwill - $12,322,000 which are recorded on the balance sheet of VIASPACE and VGE.
The following discussion contains certain statements that constitute “forward-looking statements”. Such statements appear in a number of places in this Report, including, without limitation, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition or Plan of Operation.” These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and requirements that are difficult to predict or are beyond our cont rol. Our future results may differ materially from those currently anticipated depending on a variety of factors, including those described below under “Risks Related to Our Future Operations” and our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The following should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto that appear elsewhere in this Report and in conjunction with our 2009 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC.
VIASPACE Green Energy Inc. Overview
VIASPACE Green Energy Inc., a British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) company (“we”, “us”, “VGE” or the “Company”) is the parent company of Inter Pacific Arts Corporation, a BVI international business company (“IPA BVI”) and Guangzhou Inter Pacific Arts, a Peoples Republic of China (“PRC”) company (“IPA China”). IPA China is a wholly-owned foreign enterprise headquartered in Guangdong province of the PRC. IPA BVI owns all equity interests of IPA China. IPA BVI and IPA China specialize in the manufacturing of high quality, copyrighted, framed artwork sold in U.S. retail chain stores. IPA China also has a sublicense to a fast-growing, high yield, low carbon, nonfood energy crop called Giant King Grass (“GKG”) which can be burned in 100% biomass power plants to generate electricity; made into pellets that can be burned together with coal to reduce carbon emissions from existing power plants; generate bio methane through anaerobic digestion, and can be used as a feedstock for low carbon liquid biofuels for transportation. Cellulosic ethanol and other liquid biofuels, collectively called Grassoline, do not use corn or other food sources as feedstock. GKG can also be used as animal feed. GKG and other plants absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow. When they are burned, they release the carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere, but it is the same carbon dioxide that was removed from the atmosphere, and that the process is carbon neutral. Small amounts of fossil fuel are used by the farm equipment, transportation of GKG and fertilizer, so that the overall process has some carbon dioxide emissions, but much lower than burning coal or other fo ssil fuels directly. We do not build the power plant or biofuel plant; rather we grow GKG that is needed as the fuel or feedstock. We grow GKG on 280 acres of leased land in China to serve as a nursery for expansion, a demonstration plot for potential partners and customers, to provide samples for potential customers, and as a grass source for our own products. VGE is headquartered in California with business activities in China.
The Company’s web site is www.VIASPACEGreenEnergyInc.com.
Critical accounting policies and estimates
Financial Reporting Release No. 60, “Cautionary Advice Regarding Disclosure About Critical Accounting Policies” (“FRR60”) issued by the SEC, suggests that companies provide additional disclosure and commentary on those accounting policies considered most critical. FRR 60 considers an accounting policy to be critical if it is important to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, and requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. For a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies, including the critical accounting policies discussed below, see the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, which are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The result of these evaluations forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported amount of expenses that a re not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions. The following accounting policies require significant management judgments and estimates:
In accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” (“SAB No. 104”), IPA BVI and IPA China recognize product revenue provided: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) delivery to the customer has occurred, (3) the selling price is fixed or determinable and (4) collection is reasonably assured. Delivery is considered to have occurred when title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer. The price is considered fixed or determinable when it is not subject to refund or adjustments. Our standard shipping terms are free on board shipping point. Some of the Company’s products are sold in the PRC and are subject to Chinese value-added tax. This VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materi als and other materials included in the cost of producing their finished product. Revenue is recorded net of VAT taxes.
The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. There is no assurance that actual results will not differ from these estimates.
See footnotes in the accompanying financial statements regarding recent financial accounting developments.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to June 30, 2009
Revenues
Revenues were $620,000 and $1,280,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $660,000 or 52%. All revenues recorded during 2010 and 2009 are from the Company’s framed artwork segment. The decrease in artwork revenues was due to a decrease in customer orders.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues were $407,000 and $699,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $292,000, or 42%. IPA BVI and IPA China recorded lower cost of revenues over the comparable period in 2009, due to lower revenues during 2010.
Gross Profit
The resulting effect on the decrease in revenues and cost of revenues from 2009 to 2010 was a decrease in gross profit from $581,000 in 2009 to $213,000 in 2010, a decrease of $368,000 or 63%. The decrease in gross profit was due to the decrease in artwork revenues
Operations Expenses
Operations expenses were $28,000 and zero for 2010 and 2009. The increase in expenses is primarily due to operations expenses incurred by VGE in the production of its GKG in China. In 2010, this includes operating costs for salaries, equipment, maintenance, utilities and fuel costs. The Company expects operations expenses for VGE to increase in the future as more expenditures are incurred to grow, harvest and produce GKG.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $421,000 and $563,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $142,000 or 25%.
Framed Artwork Segment
Of the total amounts, the framed artwork segment had selling, general and administrative expenses of $195,000 and $219,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $24,000 primarily due to lower commissions on framed artwork sales.
Grass Segment
Of the total amounts, the grass segment related to growing GKG in the PRC had selling, general and administrative expenses of $226,000 and $344,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $118,000. Stock option compensation expense increased $111,000 in 2010 as compared with 2009 as new stock options were granted in 2010. Payroll and benefits expenses decreased $118,000 in 2010 due to reduced employees and consultants. Professional accounting fees decreased $77,000 in 2010 due to the timing of audit bills submitted. Legal expenses decreased $32,000 due to lower levels of legal services. Other expenses decreased $2,000 in 2010 as compared with 2009.
Income (Loss) from Operations
The resulting effect on these changes in gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses was an increase in loss from operations of $254,000 from 2009 to 2010.
Framed Artwork Segment
Of the total amounts, the framed artwork segment had a decreased income from operations of $344,000 from 2009 to 2010 due to lower artwork revenues in 2010.
Grass Segment
Of the total amounts, the grass segment had a decreased loss from operations of $90,000 in 2010 as compared with 2009 due to lower grass expenses in 2010.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other Income
Other income increased $8,000 from 2009 to 2010 primarily due to interest income being recorded on the amounts owed to the Company by Sung Hsien Chang and JJ International.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to June 30, 2009
Revenues
Revenues were $1,377,000 and $1,871,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $494,000 or 26%. All revenues recorded during 2010 and 2009 are from the Company’s framed artwork segment. The decrease in artwork revenues was due to a decrease in customer orders.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues were $939,000 and $1,034,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $95,000, or 9%. IPA BVI and IPA China recorded lower cost of revenues over the same period in 2009, due to lower revenues recorded during 2010.
Gross Profit
The resulting effect on the decrease in revenues and cost of revenues from 2009 to 2010 was a decrease in gross profit from $837,000 in 2009 to $438,000 in 2010, a decrease of $399,000 or 48%. The decrease in gross profit was due to the decrease in artwork revenues
Operations Expenses
Operations expenses were $49,000 and zero for 2010 and 2009. The increase in expenses is primarily due to operations expenses incurred by VGE in the production of its GKG in China. In 2010, this includes operating costs for salaries, equipment, maintenance, utilities and fuel costs. The Company expects operations expenses for VGE to increase in the future as more expenditures are incurred to grow, harvest and produce GKG.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $751,000 and $967,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $216,000 or 22%.
Framed Artwork Segment
Of the total amounts, the framed artwork segment had selling, general and administrative expenses of $319,000 and $447,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $128,000 primarily due to lower commissions on framed artwork sales.
Grass Segment
Of the total amounts, the grass segment related to growing GKG in the PRC had selling, general and administrative expenses of $432,000 and $520,000 for 2010 and 2009, respectively, a decrease of $88,000. Stock option compensation expense increased $111,000 in 2010 as compared with 2009 as new stock options were granted in 2010. Payroll and benefits expenses decreased $136,000 in 2010 due to reduced employees and consultants. Professional accounting fees decreased $40,000 in 2010 due to the timing of audit bills submitted. Legal expenses decreased $26,000 due to lower levels of legal services. Other expenses increased $3,000 in 2010 as compared with 2009.
Income (Loss) from Operations
The resulting effect on these changes in gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses was an increase in loss from operations of $232,000 from 2009 to 2010.
Framed Artwork Segment
Of the total amounts, the framed artwork segment had a decreased income from operations of $271,000 from 2009 to 2010 due to lower artwork revenues in 2010.
Grass Segment
Of the total amounts, the grass segment had a decreased loss from operations of $39,000 in 2010 as compared with 2009 due to lower grass expenses in 2010.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other Income
Other income increased $132,000 from 2009 to 2010 primarily due to interest income being recorded on the amounts owed to the Company by Sung Hsien Chang and JJ International.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company’s net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2010 was $225,000. Non-cash expenses totaled $171,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2010 composed primarily of stock option compensation expense. Related party receivables and payables, net, used $215,000 of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2010. General working capital used $170,000 in 2010. Net cash used in operating activities was $439,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Net cash used in investing activities was $126,000 for 2010. This relates primarily to capital expenditures of $130,000 incurred by VGE in building a new storage facility and purchasing equipment for its GKG business. The Company also received proceeds of $17,000 from the disposal of a vehicle. In addition, VGE incurred $13,000 in costs associated with entering into a new land lease in the PRC to grow GKG.
The Company expects cash on hand as of June 30, 2010 and future operating cash flow to fund operations for a minimum of the next twelve months, and as such, the Company has no immediate need for additional outside financing. However, if revenue forecasts are not met or if future operating expenses or capital requirements increase beyond our control; the Company may need to seek additional cash resources through the sale of equity securities or debt securities.
Contractual Obligations
The Company does not have any other major outstanding contractual obligations except for the following:
Employment Agreements
On May 14, 2010, VGE entered into two-year employment agreements with each of Carl Kukkonen, Sung Hsien Chang and Stephen Muzi. Dr. Kukkonen would serve as Chief Executive Officer of VGE, Mr. Chang as President of VGE, and Mr. Muzi as Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of VGE. Dr. Kukkonen and Mr. Chang would receive a salary of $240,000 per annum and Mr. Muzi would receive $180,000 per annum. For the first 12 months, Messrs. Kukkonen and Muzi would be paid by VIASPACE. The remainder of the employment term they would be paid by VGE. Each of them would be entitled to a bonus as determined by the VGE Board of Directors, customary insurance and health benefits, 20 business days paid leave per year, and reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses in the co urse of his employment.
Inflation and Seasonality
We have not experienced material inflation during the past five years. Seasonality has historically not had a material effect on our operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of June 30, 2010.
Our exposure to market risk is confined to our cash and cash equivalents. We invest excess cash and cash equivalents in high-quality money market funds that invest in federal agency notes and United States treasury notes, which we believe are subject to limited credit risk. We currently do not hedge interest rate exposure. The effective duration of our portfolio is all current with no investment of a long-term duration. Due to the short-term nature of our investments, we do not believe that we have any material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments.
Most of our transactions are conducted in United States dollars, although we do have some sales and marketing agreements with consultants outside the United States. The majority of these transactions are conducted in United States dollars. If the exchange rate changed by ten percent, we do not believe that it would have a material impact on our results of operations or cash flows.
Disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Quarterly Report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide o nly reasonable assurance of achieving an entity’s disclosure objectives. The likelihood of achieving such objectives is affected by limitations inherent in disclosure controls and procedures. These include the fact that human judgment in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns in internal control can occur because of human failures such as simple errors, mistakes or intentional circumvention of the established processes.
At the end of the period covered by this report and at the end of each fiscal quarter therein, the Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level described above as of the end of the period covered in this report.
Changes in internal controls over financial reporting. Management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, has evaluated any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter. Based on that evaluation, management, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company have concluded that no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. The Company is a non-accelerated filer and is required to comply with the internal control reporting and disclosure requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2010.
The Company does not have any material legal proceedings as of June 30, 2010.
Risk Factors Which May Affect Future Results
The Company cautions that the following important factors, among others, in some cases have affected and in the future could affect the Company’s actual results and could cause such results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company.
There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, other than as set forth below:
Risks Related To Our Business
Our revenues to date have been to a few customers, the loss of which could result in a severe decline in revenues.
For the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company had one customer which made up 92% and 62%, respectively, of our total revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company had one customer which made up 85% and 65%, respectively, of our total revenues. We believe that this trend of revenues to a few customers will continue in the near future. A loss of any customer by the Company could significantly reduce recognized revenues.
Any future sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock could depress the trading price of our common stock, lower our value and make it more difficult for us to raise capital.
Any sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock (or the prospect of sales) may depress the price of our common stock. In particular, we anticipate that the issuance of newly-issued shares to Chang in connection with an alternate arrangement to enable us to hold interests in IPA BVI and IPA China may be very dilutive. In addition, these sales could lower our value and make it more difficult for us to raise capital. Further, the timing of the sale of the shares of our common stock may occur at a time when we would otherwise be able to obtain additional equity capital on terms more favorable to us.
The Company has 50,000,000 authorized shares of common stock, of which 8,600,000 were issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2010. Of these issued and outstanding shares, 6,506,000 shares are owned by VIASPACE Inc. The VGE shares owned by VIASPACE are pledged as collateral related to the secured debt owed by VIASPACE to Chang as discussed in Note 10. Of the issued and outstanding shares, 400,000 shares are currently beneficially owned by Mr. Sung Hsien Chang, our President and director. Other executive officers and directors do not own any Company shares. Of the shares owned by Mr. Chang, 400,000 shares are restricted under Rule 144 and could be released in the future if requested by the holder of the shares, subject to volume and manner of sale restrictions under Rule 144. A total of 896,800 shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock are accounted for by our transfer agent as free trading shares at June 30, 2010. A total of 7,703,200 shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock are accounted for as restricted under Rule 144.
We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of shares of our common stock will have on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock (including shares currently held by management and principal shareholders), or the perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock.
If VIASPACE defaults on its secured debt to Chang, VIASPACE could lose its interests in VGE, IPA BVI and IPA China.
VIASPACE has issued a secured note to Chang as discussed in Note 10. VIASPACE must pay Chang $5,331,025 over a five-year period. Principal must be repaid in five equal annual installments of $1,066,205 commencing on May 14, 2011. Payments under this note become due in 2011 and mature in 2015. VIASPACE, VGE, IPA BVI and IPA China have guaranteed VIASPACE’s debt. VIASPACE has also pledged its equity securities of VGE to Chang. Likewise, VGE has pledged its securities of IPA BVI to Chang and IPA BVI has pledged its securities of IPA China to Chang. VIASPACE, VGE, IPA BVI and IPA China have also granted a security interest to Chang for all assets related to his secured debt.
In the event that VIASPACE defaults in its obligation to Chang, Chang may foreclose on all assets of VIASPACE, VGE, IPA BVI and IPA China. He may also seize the equity interests that VIASPACE owns in VGE.
None.
None.
None.
None.
(a) Exhibits
10.1 | Subsidiary Guarantee dated May 14, 2010 by and between the Registrant, Inter-Pacific Arts Corporation, Guangzhou Inter Pacific Arts and Sung Hsien Chang.(1) | |
10.2 | Form of Security Agreement dated May 14, 2010 by and between the Registrant, Inter-Pacific Arts Corporation, Guangzhou Inter Pacific Arts and Sung Hsien Chang (1) | |
10.3 | From of Stock Pledge Agreement dated May 14, 2010 by and between Registrant and Sung Hsien Chang. (1) | |
10.4 | Employment Agreement dated May 14, 2010 by and among Registrant, VIASPACE Inc. and Carl Kukkonen (1) | |
10.5 | Employment Agreement dated May 14, 2010 by and among Registrant, VIASPACE Inc. and Stephen Muzi (1) | |
10.6 | Employment Agreement dated May 14, 2010 by and among Registrant and Sung Hsien Chang (1) | |
10.7 | Registration Rights Agreement dated May 14, 2010 by and between the Registrant and Sung Chang. (1) | |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * | |
32 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. * | |
(1) Filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2010.* Filed herewith.
[SIGNATURES PAGE FOLLOWS]
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| VIASPACE GREEN ENERGY INC. (Registrant) | |
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Date: August 16, 2010 | By: | /s/ CARL KUKKONEN | |
| | Carl Kukkonen | |
| | Chief Executive Officer | |
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Date: August 16, 2010 | By: | /s/ STEPHEN J. MUZI | |
| | Stephen J. Muzi | |
| | Chief Financial Officer | |