Allowance for Credit Losses [Text Block] | Note 5. Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality Loans by Loan Class The Bank categorizes its loan receivables into four main categories, which are commercial real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, guaranteed student loans, and consumer loans. Each category of loan has a different level of credit risk. Real estate loans are generally safer than loans secured by other assets because the value of the underlying collateral is generally ascertainable and does not fluctuate as much as other assets. Owner occupied commercial real estate loans are generally the least risky type of commercial real estate loan. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans and construction and development loans contain more risk. Commercial loans, which can be secured by real estate or other assets, or which can be unsecured, are generally more risky than commercial real estate loans. Guaranteed student loans are guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Education for approximately 98 (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ 1,870 $ 2,159 Non-owner occupied 57,819 51,512 Owner occupied 46,646 49,582 Commercial and industrial 26,751 24,153 Guaranteed student loans 56,072 64,870 Consumer: Residential mortgage 15,803 8,377 HELOC 10,935 11,074 Other 12,869 1,232 Total loans 228,765 212,959 Allowance for loan losses (903) (1,089) Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses $ 227,862 $ 211,870 Included in the loan balances above are net deferred loan costs of $ 1.4 1.2 853 931 Loans Acquired with Evidence of Deterioration in Credit Quality Acquired in the acquisition of Bank of Virginia and included in the table above, are purchased performing loans and loans acquired with evidence of deterioration in credit quality. The purchased performing loans are $ 8.3 9.0 (dollars in thousands) September 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 Contract principal balance $ 5,113 $ 7,178 Accretable yield (3) (42) Nonaccretable difference - (5) Carrying value of loans $ 5,110 $ 7,131 A discount is applied to these loans such that the carrying amount approximates the cash flows expected to be received from the borrower or from the liquidation of collateral. Cash flows received on loans with a nonaccretable discount are applied on a cost recovery method, whereby payments are applied first to the loan balance. When the loan balance is fully recovered, payments are then applied to income. Any future reductions in carrying value as a result of deteriorating credit quality require an allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) related to these loans. 2015 2014 Accretable Nonaccretable Accretable Nonaccretable (dollars in thousands) Yield Discount Yield Discount Beginning balance $ 42 $ 5 $ 62 $ 61 Charge-offs related to loans covered by ASC 310-30 - - - (56) Transfers 5 (5) - - Accretion (44) (15) - Ending balance $ 3 $ $ 47 $ 5 Credit Quality Indicators Credit risk ratings reflect the current risk of default and/or loss for a given asset. The risk of loss is driven by factors intrinsic to the borrower and the unique structural characteristics of the loan. The credit risk rating begins with an analysis of the borrower’s credit history, ability to repay the debt as agreed, use of proceeds, and the value and stability of the value of the collateral securing the loan. The attributes ordinarily considered when reviewing a borrower are as follows: ⋅ industry/industry segment; ⋅ financial flexibility/debt capacity; ⋅ position within industry; ⋅ management and controls; and ⋅ earnings, liquidity and operating cash flow trends; ⋅ quality of financial reporting. ⋅ asset and liability values; The unique structural characteristics ordinarily considered when reviewing a loan are as follows: ⋅ credit terms/loan documentation; ⋅ guaranty/third party support; ⋅ collateral; and ⋅ loan maturity. On a quarterly basis, the process of estimating the ALLL begins with management’s review of the risk rating assigned to individual credits. Through this process, loans adversely risk rated are evaluated for impairment based on ASC 310-40. The following is a summary of the risk rating definitions the Company uses to assign a risk grade to each loan within the portfolio: Grade 1 - Highest Quality Loans to persons and businesses with unquestionable financial strength and character that carry extremely low probabilities of default. Balance sheets and cash flow are extremely strong relative to the magnitude of debt. This rating would be analogous to the highest investment grade ratings. Grade 2 - Above Average Quality Loans to persons and business entities with unquestioned character that carry low probabilities of default. Borrowers have strong, stable earnings and financial condition. Grade 3 - Satisfactory Loans to persons and businesses with acceptable financial condition that carry average probabilities of default. Borrower’s exhibit adequate cash flow to service debt and have acceptable levels of leverage. Grade 4 - Pass Loans to persons and businesses with a lack of stability in the primary source of repayment or temporary weakness in their balance sheet or earnings. These loans carry above average probabilities of default. These borrowers generally have higher leverage and less liquidity than loans rated 3-Satisfactory. Grade 5- Special Mention Loans to borrowers that exhibit potential credit weakness or a downward trend that warrant additional supervision. While potentially weak, the loan is currently marginally acceptable and no loss of principal or interest is envisioned. Grade 6 Substandard Borrowers with one or more well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of the debt. Normal repayment from the borrower is in jeopardy, although no loss of principal is envisioned. Possibility of loss or protracted workout exists if immediate corrective action is not taken. Grade 7 Doubtful Loans with all the weaknesses inherent in a Substandard classification, with the added provision that the weaknesses make collection of debt in full highly questionable and improbable, based on currently existing facts, conditions, and values. Serious problems exist to the point where a partial loss of principal is likely. Grade 8 Loss Borrower is deemed incapable of repayment of the entire principal. A charge-off is required for the portion of principal management has deemed it will not be repaid. The following is the distribution of loans by credit quality and segment as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014: September 30, 2015 (dollars in thousands) Commercial Real Estate Consumer Non- Guaranteed Acq-Dev owner Owner Commercial Student Residential Credit quality class Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total 1 Highest quality $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - 2 Above average quality - 5,814 3,369 2,655 56,072 - 1,132 393 69,435 3 Satisfactory 389 28,973 21,043 17,522 11,080 6,232 12,407 97,646 4 Pass 491 20,122 19,776 5,976 4,472 2,700 66 53,603 5 Special mention - 1,511 117 560 27 268 3 2,486 6 Substandard 188 - - 13 42 242 - 485 7 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - 1,068 56,420 44,305 26,726 56,072 15,621 10,574 12,869 223,655 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 802 1,399 2,341 25 - 182 361 - 5,110 Total loans $ 1,870 $ 57,819 $ 46,646 $ 26,751 $ 56,072 $ 15,803 $ 10,935 $ 12,869 $ 228,765 December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Commercial Real Estate Consumer Non- Guaranteed Acq-Dev owner Owner Commercial Student Residential Credit quality class Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total 1 Highest quality $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - 2 Above average quality - 2,225 2,788 2,498 64,870 24 1,394 719 74,518 3 Satisfactory 458 30,473 26,608 14,883 - 3,325 6,140 425 82,312 4 Pass 476 17,236 16,986 5,593 - 4,768 2,589 88 47,736 5 Special mention - 123 - 68 - 75 319 - 585 6 Substandard 267 - - 142 - - 268 - 677 7 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - 1,201 50,057 46,382 23,184 64,870 8,192 10,710 1,232 205,828 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 958 1,455 3,200 969 - 185 364 - 7,131 Total loans $ 2,159 $ 51,512 $ 49,582 $ 24,153 $ 64,870 $ 8,377 $ 11,074 $ 1,232 $ 212,959 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Acq-Dev Non-owner Owner Commercial Guaranteed Residential At September 30, 2015 (in thousands) Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Student Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total 30 - 59 days $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 4,037 $ - $ - $ - $ 4,037 60 - 89 days - - - - 2,475 - - - 2,475 > 90 days 420 - 1,206 3 8,888 44 - - 10,561 Total past due 420 - 1,206 3 15,400 44 - - 17,073 Current 1,450 57,819 45,440 26,748 40,672 15,759 10,935 12,869 211,692 Total loans $ 1,870 $ 57,819 $ 46,646 $ 26,751 $ 56,072 $ 15,803 $ 10,935 $ 12,869 $ 228,765 > 90 days still accruing $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 8,888 $ - $ - $ - $ 8,888 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Acq-Dev Non-owner Owner Commercial Guaranteed Residential At December 31, 2014 (in thousands) Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Student Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total 30 - 59 days $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 4,029 $ - $ - $ - $ 4,029 60 - 89 days - - 885 - 1,989 - 75 - 2,949 > 90 days 548 - 314 121 11,378 44 - - 12,405 Total past due 548 - 1,199 121 17,396 44 75 - 19,383 Current 1,611 51,512 48,383 24,032 47,474 8,333 10,999 1,232 193,576 Total loans $ 2,159 $ 51,512 $ 49,582 $ 24,153 $ 64,870 $ 8,377 $ 11,074 $ 1,232 $ 212,959 > 90 days still accruing $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 11,378 $ - $ - $ - $ 11,378 Non-accrual Loans Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when management believes the full collection of the principal and interest is doubtful. A delinquent loan is generally placed in nonaccrual status when: · principal and/or interest is past due for 90 days or more, unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection; · the financial strength of the borrower or a guarantor has materially declined; · collateral value has declined; or · other facts would make the repayment in full of principal and interest unlikely. Loans placed on nonaccrual status are reported to the Board at its next regular meeting. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, all interest which has been accrued is charged back against current earnings as a reduction in interest income, which adversely affects the yield on loans in the period of reversal. No additional interest is accrued on the loan balance until the collection of both principal and interest becomes reasonably certain. Loans placed on non-accrual status may, at the lenders discretion, be returned to accrual status after: · payments are received for a reasonable period in accordance with the loan documents (typically for six (6) months), and any doubt as to the loan's full collectability has been removed; or · the troubled loan is restructured and, evidenced by a credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition and the prospects for full payment are good. Student loans with a past due balance greater than 90 days are not placed on non-accrual. A claim is filed with the guarantor when the loan becomes 270 days past due. Interest continues to accrue until the date the claim is paid. The guarantor’s payment covers approximately 98% of principal and accrued interest. When a loan is returned to accrual status after restructuring, the pre-restructuring risk rating is maintained until a satisfactory payment history is re-established. Returning non-accrual loans to an accrual status requires the prior written approval of the Chief Credit Officer. A summary of non-accrual loans by portfolio class is as follows: September 30, December 31, (dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ 420 $ 548 Owner occupied 1,206 1,198 Commercial and industrial 13 121 Consumer: Residential mortgage 44 44 HELOC 292 310 Total non-accrual loans $ 1,975 $ 2,221 Non-accrual troubled debt restructurings included above $ - $ - Non-accrual purchased credit impaired loans included above $ 1,618 $ 1,741 Impaired Loans All loans that are rated Doubtful are assessed as impaired based on the expectation that collection of principal and interest when due is in doubt. All loans that are rated Substandard or are expected to be downgraded to Substandard, require additional analysis to determine if a specific reserve under ASC 310-40 is required. All loans that are rated Special Mention are presumed not to be impaired. However, Special Mention rated loans are typically evaluated for the following adverse characteristics that may indicate further analysis is warranted before completing an assessment of impairment: ⋅ a loan is 60 days or more delinquent on scheduled principal or interest; ⋅ a loan is presently in an unapproved over-advanced position; ⋅ a loan is newly modified; or ⋅ a loan is expected to be modified. The following information is a summary of the Company’s policies pertaining to impaired loans: Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected when due. Factors impairing repayment might include: inadequate repayment capacity, severe erosion of equity, likely reliance on a non-primary source of repayment, guarantors with limited resources, and obvious material deterioration in borrower’s financial condition. The possibility of loss or protracted workout exists if immediate corrective action is not taken. Once deemed impaired, the loan is then analyzed for the extent of the impairment. Impairment is the difference between the principal balance of the loan and (i) the discounted cash flows of the borrower or (ii) the fair market value of the collateral less the costs involved with liquidation (i.e., real estate commissions, attorney costs, etc.). This difference is then reflected as a component in the ALLL as a specific reserve. Government guaranteed student loans with a past due balance greater than 90 days generally meet the definition of an impaired loan. However, because of the federal government guarantee of approximately 98% of both principal and interest, the Company does not evaluate these loans for individual impairment and, as such; they are not included in the balance of nonperforming assets. Certain loans were identified and individually evaluated for impairment at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. At September 30, 2015, no impaired loans were charged with a valuation allowance due to management’s judgment that the cash flows from the underlying collateral or equity available from guarantors was sufficient to recover the Company’s entire investment. At December 31, 2014, two impaired loans were charged with a valuation allowance. The results of those analyses are presented in the following tables. Average Recorded Unpaid Related Recorded Interest (dollars in thousands) Investment (1) Principal (2) Allowance Investment Recorded With no related allowance recorded: Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ 188 $ 188 $ - $ 188 $ - Non-owner occupied - - - - - Owner occupied - - - - - Commercial and industrial 13 13 - 23 - Consumer: - Residential mortgage 42 42 - 44 2 HELOC 242 242 - 254 3 Other - - - - $ 485 $ 485 $ - $ 509 $ 5 With an allowance recorded: Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Non-owner occupied - - - - - Owner occupied - - - - - Commercial and industrial - - - - - Consumer: Residential mortgage - - - - - HELOC - - - - - Other - - - - - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Total: Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ 188 $ 188 $ - $ 188 $ - Non-owner occupied - - - - - Owner occupied - - - - - Commercial and industrial 13 13 - 23 - Consumer: - - - - - Residential mortgage 42 42 - 44 2 HELOC 242 242 - 254 3 Other - - - - - Total $ 485 $ 485 $ - $ 509 $ 5 The following information is a summary of related impaired loans, excluding loans acquired with deteriorating credit quality, presented by portfolio class as of December 31, 2014: Average Recorded Unpaid Related Recorded Interest (dollars in thousands) Investment (1) Principal (2) Allowance Investment Recorded With no related allowance recorded: Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ 267 $ 267 $ - $ 269 $ 6 Non-owner occupied - - - - - Owner occupied - - - - - Commercial and industrial 32 34 - 46 2 Consumer: - Residential mortgage - - - - - HELOC 193 193 - 197 3 Other - - - - $ 492 $ 494 $ - $ 512 $ 11 With an allowance recorded: Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Non-owner occupied - - - - - Owner occupied - - - - - Commercial and industrial 110 540 110 309 7 Consumer: Residential mortgage - - - - - HELOC 75 75 33 75 - Other - - - - - $ 185 $ 615 $ 143 $ 384 $ 7 Total: Commercial Real Estate: Acquisition, development and construction $ 267 $ 267 $ - $ 269 $ 6 Non-owner occupied - - - - - Owner occupied - - - - - Commercial and industrial 142 574 110 355 9 Consumer: - - - - - Residential mortgage - - - - - HELOC 268 268 33 272 3 Other - - - - - Total $ 677 $ 1,109 $ 143 $ 896 $ 18 (1) The amount of the investment in a loan, which is not net of a valuation allowance, but which does reflect any direct write-down of the investment. (2) The contractual amount due, which reflects paydowns applied in accordance with loan documents, but which does not reflect any direct write-downs. Loans with deteriorated credit quality acquired as part of the Bank of Virginia acquisition are accounted for under the requirements of ASC 310-30. These loans are not considered impaired and not included in the table above. Commercial Real Estate Consumer Acquisition, Development, Non-owner Owner Commercial Guaranteed Residential (dollars in thousands) Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Student Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total Allowance for loan losses Beginning balance, December 31, 2014 $ 146 $ 97 $ 149 $ 357 $ 144 $ 98 $ 76 $ 22 $ 1,089 Charge-offs (127) - - (109) (163) - (20) (2) (421) Recoveries - 234 321 - 4 6 - 565 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (127) - 234 212 (163) 4 (14) (2) 144 Provision (recovery) 40 185 (298) (443) 102 (39) (10) 133 (330) Ending balance, Septembere 30, 2015 $ 59 $ 282 $ 85 $ 126 $ 83 $ 63 $ 52 $ 153 $ 903 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Acquisition, Development, Non-owner Owner Commercial Guaranteed Residential (dollars in thousands) Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Student Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total Allowance for loan losses Beginning balance, December 31, 2013 $ 300 $ 39 $ 322 $ 377 $ 268 $ 120 $ 20 $ 43 $ 1,489 Charge-offs (6) (114) - (55) (316) - - - (491) Recoveries 3 49 - 27 - 4 2 20 105 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (3) (65) - (28) (316) 4 2 20 (386) Provision (recovery) (89) 186 (151) (38) 224 6 30 (45) 123 Ending balance, Septembere 30, 2014 $ 208 $ 160 $ 171 $ 311 $ 176 $ 130 $ 52 $ 18 $ 1,226 A summary of the ALLL by portfolio segment and impairment evaluation methodology as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 is as follows: Commercial Real Estate Consumer Acquisition, Development, Non-owner Owner Commercial Guaranteed Residential (dollars in thousands) Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Student Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total Allowance for loan losses for loans Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Collectively evaluated for impairment 59 282 85 126 83 63 52 153 903 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality - - - - - - - - - Ending balance, September 30, 2015 $ 59 $ 282 $ 85 $ 126 $ 83 $ 63 $ 52 $ 153 $ 903 Gross loan balances Individually evaluated for impairment $ 188 $ - $ - $ 13 $ - $ 42 $ 242 $ - $ 485 Collectively evaluated for impairment 880 56,420 44,305 26,713 56,072 15,579 10,332 12,869 223,170 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 802 1,399 2,341 25 - 182 361 - 5,110 Ending balance, September 30, 2015 $ 1,870 $ 57,819 $ 46,646 $ 26,751 $ 56,072 $ 15,803 $ 10,935 $ 12,869 $ 228,765 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Acquisition, Development, Non-owner Owner Commercial Guaranteed Residential (dollars in thousands) Construction Occupied Occupied and Industrial Student Loans Mortgage HELOC Other Total Allowance for loan losses for loans Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ 110 $ - $ - $ 33 $ - $ 143 Collectively evaluated for impairment 56 97 149 247 144 98 43 22 856 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 90 - - - - - - - 90 Ending balance, December 31, 2014 $ 146 $ 97 $ 149 $ 357 $ 144 $ 98 $ 76 $ 22 $ 1,089 Gross loan balances Individually evaluated for impairment $ 267 $ - $ - $ 142 $ - $ - $ 268 $ - $ 677 Collectively evaluated for impairment 934 50,057 46,382 23,042 64,870 8,192 10,442 1,232 205,151 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 958 1,455 3,200 969 - 185 364 - 7,131 Ending balance, December 31, 2014 $ 2,159 $ 51,512 $ 49,582 $ 24,153 $ 64,870 $ 8,377 $ 11,074 $ 1,232 $ 212,959 Troubled Debt Restructurings A modification is classified as a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) if both of the following exist: (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) the Company has granted a concession to the borrower, that it otherwise would not give. The Company determines that a borrower may be experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently delinquent on any of its debt, or if the Company is concerned that the borrower may not be able to perform in accordance with the current terms of the loan agreement in the foreseeable future. Many aspects of the borrower’s financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty, particularly as it relates to commercial borrowers due to the complex nature of the loan structure, business/industry risk and borrower/guarantor structures. Concessions may include the reduction of an interest rate at a rate lower than current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, extension of the maturity date, reduction of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. When evaluating whether a concession has been granted, the Company also considers whether the borrower has curtailed principal, provided additional collateral or guarantors and whether such additions adequately compensate the Company for the restructured terms, or if the revised terms are consistent with those currently being offered to new loan customers. The assessments of whether a borrower is experiencing (or is likely to experience) financial difficulty and whether a concession has been granted is subjective in nature and management’s judgment is required when determining whether a modification is a TDR. Although each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately, for all portfolio segments, TDRs are typically modified through reduction in interest rates, reductions in payments, changing the payment terms from principal and interest to interest only, increasing amortization periods and/or extensions in term maturity. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, no loans and one loan, respectively, were modified in troubled debt restructurings. At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, no loans and four loans, respectively, were classified as trouble debt restructurings. The principal balance outstanding relating to these loans was zero at September 30, 2015 and $ 1.3 |