NVN Liquidation (NOVNQ) 10-Q 20 May 20 2020 Q1 Quarterly report Financial data

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	May 14, 2020
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2020
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Trading Symbol	NOVN
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.0001 par value
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Registrant Name	NOVAN, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001467154
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Ex Transition Period	true
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		75,471,388

Condensed Consolidated Balance

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 21,785	$ 13,711
Contracts and grants receivable	189	419
Deferred offering costs	58	49
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,420	1,545
Total current assets	23,452	15,724
Restricted cash	539	540
Intangible assets	75	75
Other assets	387	419
Property and equipment, net	10,231	10,506
Right-of-use lease assets	1,826	1,833
Total assets	36,510	29,097
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	997	1,602
Accrued compensation	1,107	437
Accrued outside research and development services	1,928	1,013
Accrued legal and professional fees	173	616
Other accrued expenses	428	553
Deferred revenue, current portion	4,401	4,428
Research and development service obligation liability, current portion	1,566	3,088
Lease liabilities, current portion	1,167	1,162
Total current liabilities	11,767	12,899
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	5,960	7,076
Lease liabilities, net of current portion	4,947	5,100
Research and development service obligation liability, net of current portion	736	727
Research and development funding arrangement liability, related party	25,000	25,000
Other long-term liabilities	460	578
Total liabilities	48,870	51,380
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders’ deficit
Common stock $0.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019; 72,028,562 and 26,744,300 shares issued as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; 72,019,062 and 26,734,800 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively	7	3
Additional paid-in capital	213,939	197,853
Treasury stock at cost, 9,500 shares as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	(155)	(155)
Accumulated deficit	(226,151)	(219,984)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(12,360)	(22,283)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$ 36,510	$ 29,097

Condensed Consolidated Balanc_2

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (in USD per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	72,028,562	26,744,300
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	72,019,062	26,734,800
Treasury stock (in shares)	9,500	9,500

Condensed Consolidated Statemen

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Total revenue	$ 1,213	$ 1,100
Operating expenses:
Research and development	4,916	4,827
General and administrative	2,507	2,994
Total operating expenses	7,423	7,821
Operating loss	(6,210)	(6,721)
Other income, net:
Interest income	35	28
Other income, net	8	56
Total other income, net	43	84
Net loss	(6,167)	(6,637)
Comprehensive loss	$ (6,167)	$ (6,637)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (in USD per share)	$ (0.17)	$ (0.25)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted (in shares)	37,043,876	26,066,064
License and collaboration revenue
Total revenue	$ 1,024	$ 1,100
Government research contracts and grants revenue
Total revenue	$ 189	$ 0

Consolidated Statements of Stoc

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Deficit (unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Deficit	Common Warrant	Common WarrantCommon Stock	Common WarrantAdditional Paid-In Capital	Public OfferingPre Funded Warrant	Public OfferingPre Funded WarrantCommon Stock	Public OfferingPre Funded WarrantAdditional Paid-In Capital	Common Stock Purchase Agreement	Common Stock Purchase AgreementCommon Stock	Common Stock Purchase AgreementAdditional Paid-In Capital	Registered Direct OfferingPre Funded Warrant	Registered Direct OfferingPre Funded WarrantCommon Stock	Registered Direct OfferingPre Funded WarrantAdditional Paid-In Capital
Beginning balance, in shares (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		26,056,735
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 6,438	$ 3	$ 195,483	$ (155)	$ (188,893)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	168		168
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		12,999
Exercise of stock options	10	$ 0	10
Net loss	(6,637)				(6,637)
Ending balance, in shares (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019		26,069,734
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ (735)	$ 3	195,661	(155)	(196,244)
Beginning balance, in shares (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019	26,734,800	26,734,800
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ (22,283)	$ 3	197,853	(155)	(219,984)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	$ 385		385
Common stock issued during period (in shares)										15,498,602			700,000			10,550,000
Common stock issued during period									$ 5,158	$ 2	$ 5,156	$ 442	$ 0	$ 442	$ 7,225	$ 1	$ 7,224
Exercise of warrants (in shares)							9,600,000			4,333,334						4,602,326
Exercise of warrants						$ 2,880	$ 1	$ 2,879	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0				$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	0
Net loss	$ (6,167)				(6,167)
Ending balance, in shares (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2020	72,019,062	72,019,062
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2020	$ (12,360)	$ 7	$ 213,939	$ (155)	$ (226,151)

Condensed Consolidated Statem_2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (6,167)	$ (6,637)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	495	503
Share-based compensation	272	214
Loss on disposal and write-offs of property and equipment	44	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Contracts and grants receivable	230	0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	125	45
Accounts payable	(692)	242
Accrued compensation	670	615
Accrued outside research and development services	915	254
Accrued legal and professional fees	(508)	(199)
Other accrued expenses	(52)	(406)
Deferred revenue	(1,143)	3,360
Research and development service obligation liabilities	(1,513)	0
Other long-term assets and liabilities	(114)	(101)
Net cash used in operating activities	(7,438)	(2,110)
Cash flow from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(352)	(17)
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment	15	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(337)	(17)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions	12,577	0
Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants	2,880	0
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under common stock purchase agreement	442	0
Payments related to public offering costs	(26)	0
Payments of offering costs related to new registration statement	(25)	0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	0	10
Net cash provided by financing activities	15,848	10
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	8,073	(2,117)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of beginning of period	14,251	8,733
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of end of period	22,324	6,616
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment with accounts payable and accrued expenses	6	69
Deferred offering costs in accounts payable and accrued expenses	152	0
Deferred offering costs reclassified to additional paid-in capital	16	0
Reconciliation to condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$ 22,324	$ 6,616

Organization and Significant Ac

Organization and Significant Accounting Policies	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Organization and Significant Accounting Policies	Organization and Significant Accounting Policies Business Description and Basis of Presentation Novan, Inc. (“Novan” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), is a North Carolina-based clinical development-stage biotechnology company focused on leveraging nitric oxide’s naturally occurring anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and immunomodulatory mechanisms of action to treat a range of diseases with significant unmet needs. Novan was incorporated in January 2006 under the state laws of Delaware. Its wholly-owned subsidiary, Novan Therapeutics, LLC was organized in 2015 under the state laws of North Carolina. On March 14, 2019, the Company completed registration of a wholly-owned Ireland-based subsidiary, Novan Therapeutics, Limited. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The December 31, 2019 year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Additionally, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm report for the December 31, 2019 financial statements included an explanatory paragraph indicating that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Basis of Consolidation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Liquidity and Ability to Continue as a Going Concern The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from uncertainty related to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has evaluated principal conditions and events that may raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date that these financial statements are issued. The Company identified the following conditions: • The Company has reported a net loss in all fiscal periods since inception and, as of March 31, 2020 , the Company had an accumulated deficit of $ 226,151 . • As described below, in March 2020 the Company completed a public offering of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock in lieu thereof) and common warrants to purchase common stock pursuant to the Company’s then effective shelf registration statement (the “March 2020 Public Offering”). Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $5,158 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $791 . The Company has also received proceeds from the exercises of common warrants issued in the March 2020 Public Offering of approximately $2,880 through March 31, 2020. • Also described below, in March 2020 the Company completed a registered direct offering of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock in lieu thereof) pursuant to the Company’s then effective shelf registration statement (the “March 2020 Registered Direct Offering”). Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $7,225 after deducting fees and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $774 . • As of March 31, 2020 , the Company had a total cash and cash equivalents balance of $21,785 . • The Company has concluded that the prevailing conditions and ongoing liquidity risks faced by the Company raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents balance, including (i) the net proceeds of approximately $15,263 related to the March 2020 offerings and related warrant exercises, and (ii) expected contractual payments to be received in connection with existing licensing agreements, will provide it with adequate liquidity to fund its operating needs into the second half of 2021, excluding costs associated with the execution of the Company’s late-stage clinical development programs, which will require additional funding or strategic partnering in order to complete. Specifically, this operating forecast and related cash projection excludes the potential costs associated with an additional confirmatory Phase 3 trial for SB206 as a treatment for molluscum beyond the initial start-up phase, along with any other new clinical stage development programs. Further advancement of the additional confirmatory Phase 3 trial for molluscum beyond the trial start-up phase and into the enrollment initiation phase, or advancement of any other late-stage clinical development program across our platform, is subject to additional funding or strategic partnering, and has been and may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. If the Company is unable to secure the additional capital necessary to advance its late-stage clinical development programs, including funding necessary to complete an additional confirmatory Phase 3 trial for SB206, the Company expects that it would align its operations accordingly to support conduct of its early stage research and development programs, while also continuing to evaluate strategic alternatives. The failure of the Company to obtain additional funding on acceptable terms could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and cause the Company to alter or reduce its planned operating activities, including but not limited to delaying, reducing, terminating or eliminating planned product candidate development activities, to conserve its cash and cash equivalents. The Company needs and intends to secure additional capital from non-dilutive sources, including partnerships, collaborations, licensing, grants or other strategic relationships, or through equity or debt financings. Any issuance of equity or debt that could be convertible into equity would result in significant dilution to our existing stockholders. Alternatively, the Company may seek to engage in one or more potential transactions, such as the sale of the Company, or sale or divestiture of some of its assets, such as a sale of its dermatology platform assets, but there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into such a transaction or transactions on a timely basis or at all on terms that are favorable to the Company. Under these circumstances, the Company may instead determine to dissolve and liquidate its assets or seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. If the Company decides to dissolve and liquidate its assets or to seek protection under the bankruptcy laws, it is unclear to what extent the Company will be able to pay its obligations, and, accordingly, it is further unclear whether and to what extent any resources will be available for distributions to stockholders. March 2020 Public Offering On February 27, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“H.C. Wainwright”), as underwriter, relating to the offering, issuance and sale of 14,000,000 shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase 4,333,334 shares of common stock, and accompanying common warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 18,333,334 shares of common stock. The Company also granted H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, a 30 -day option to purchase up to 2,750,000 additional shares of common stock and/or common warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,750,000 shares of common stock, which H.C. Wainwright partially exercised on March 2, 2020 to purchase 1,498,602 shares of common stock and common warrants to purchase 2,750,000 shares of common stock. The March 2020 Public Offering closed on March 3, 2020. At closing, the Company also issued to designees of H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 594,958 shares of common stock representing 3.0% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock sold and shares of common stock underlying the pre-funded warrants sold in this offering. The shares issued as part of the March 2020 Public Offering, and upon exercises of common warrants and pre-funded warrants issued as part of the March 2020 Public Offering, increased the number of shares outstanding, which impacts the comparability of the Company’s reported net loss per share calculations between 2020 and 2019 periods. See Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for further information regarding the March 2020 Public Offering. March 2020 Registered Direct Offering On March 24, 2020, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with several institutional and accredited investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue, in a registered direct offering priced at the market, an aggregate of 10,550,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase 8,054,652 shares of common stock. The March 2020 Registered Direct Offering closed on March 26, 2020. At closing, the Company also issued to designees of H.C. Wainwright, as placement agent, warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 558,140 shares of common stock representing 3.0% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock and shares of common stock underlying the pre-funded warrants sold in this offering. The shares issued as part of the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering, and upon exercises of pre-funded warrants issued as part of the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering, increased the number of shares outstanding, which impacts the comparability of the Company’s reported net loss per share calculations between 2020 and 2019 periods. See Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for further information regarding the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering. COVID-19 In December 2019, the novel strain of a virus named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), which causes novel coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) was reported in China, and in March 2020, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic. The extent to which COVID-19 and global efforts to contain its spread will impact the Company’s business including its operations, preclinical studies, clinical trials, and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time, and include the duration, severity and scope of the pandemic and the actions taken by other parties, such as governmental authorities, to contain and treat COVID-19. The timetable for development of the Company’s product candidates has been impacted and may face further disruption and the Company’s business could be further adversely affected by the outbreak of COVID-19. At this time, the extent to which COVID-19 may impact the Company’s financial condition or results of operations is uncertain. In particular, COVID-19 has impacted the trial execution plans of the Company’s B-SIMPLE4 Phase 3 trial for SB206, and the Company is assessing any further impact of COVID-19 on the B-SIMPLE4 Phase 3 trial for SB206, which is also subject to additional funding, including delay, postponement or other impacts to the trial. Classification of Warrants Issued in Connection with Offerings of Common Stock The Company accounts for common stock warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and remeasured each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of liability-classified warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the related footnote disclosures are unaudited. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial information. The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting of adjustments of a normal, recurring nature and the impact of the Company’s restatement of its consolidated financial statements for the Affected Periods (as defined below)) that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position and its results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or any future period. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2019 set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as amended, filed with the SEC as discussed below. Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements On May 14, 2020, the Company revised its prior position on accounting for warrants and concluded that its previously issued consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, and all quarterly periods of 2019 and 2018 (the “Affected Periods”) should not be relied upon because of a misapplication in the guidance on warrant accounting. On May 20, 2020, the Company restated its consolidated financial statements for all Affected Periods in its Annual Report on Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. As such, the comparative information provided for the three months ended March 31, 2019 contained in the preceding condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying footnotes reflect these previously restated amounts. Restricted Cash Restricted cash as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 includes funds maintained in a separate deposit account to secure a letter of credit for the benefit of the lessor of facility space leased by the Company. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for an amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, the Company concluded there were no such events or changes in circumstances requiring review of the carrying amount of the Company’s long-lived assets. Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Basic shares outstanding includes the weighted average effect of the Company’s outstanding pre-funded warrants, the exercise of which requires little or no consideration for the delivery of shares of common stock. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share, since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive for all periods presented. The following securities, presented on a common stock equivalent basis, have been excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 because the effect is anti-dilutive due to the net loss reported in each of those periods. All share amounts presented in the table below represent the total number outstanding as of the end of each period. March 31, 2020 2019 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with January 2018 public offering (Note 9) 10,000,000 10,000,000 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with March 2020 public offering (Note 9) 12,078,292 — Warrants to purchase common stock associated with March 2020 registered direct offering (Note 9) 558,140 — Stock options outstanding under the 2008 and 2016 Plans (Note 10) 2,010,603 1,544,857 Stock appreciation rights outstanding under the 2016 Plan (Note 10) 600,000 — Inducement options outstanding (Note 10) 96,167 100,500 Segment and Geographic Information The Company has determined that it operates in one segment. The Company uses its nitric oxide-based technology to develop product candidates. The Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company’s chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information on an aggregate basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The Company has only had limited revenue since its inception, but substantially all revenue was derived from licensing agreements originating in the United States. All of the Company’s long-lived assets are maintained in the United States. Although all operations are based in the United States, the Company generated revenue from its licensing partner in Japan of $1,024 , or approximately 84% of total revenue, and $1,100 or 100% of total revenue, during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-13 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This guidance is intended to improve the effectiveness of disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. The new standard modifies certain disclosure requirements and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. This ASU was effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17 Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities. This guidance is intended to improve the accounting for variable interest entities and whether the entity should be consolidated. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. This ASU was effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-18 Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 . This guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice and clarify the interaction between Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements , and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . This ASU provided guidance on whether certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for with revenue under Topic 606. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. This ASU was effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Accounting Pronouncements Being Evaluated In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This guidance is intended to improve consistent application and simplify the accounting for income taxes. This ASU removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amends existing guidance. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU and does not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

KNOW Bio, LLC

KNOW Bio, LLC	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]
KNOW Bio, LLC	KNOW Bio, LLC On December 30, 2015, the Company completed the distribution of 100% of the outstanding member interests of KNOW Bio, LLC (“KNOW Bio”), a former wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, to Novan’s stockholders (the “Distribution”), pursuant to which KNOW Bio became an independent privately held company. KNOW Bio is an independent, privately held company with a portfolio of operating subsidiaries that are advancing nitric oxide-based therapies using technology that is proprietary and/or in fields where they have exclusive intellectual property rights. The Company does not own any equity interest in KNOW Bio, has no common management or board representation at KNOW Bio, and the contractual arrangements between the two entities do not provide the Company with decision-making authority or power to influence KNOW Bio’s drug and medical device development activities. The Company conducted an initial assessment of KNOW Bio under the variable interest consolidation model pursuant to FASB ASC 810, Consolidation , at the time of the Distribution in 2015 and has monitored KNOW Bio during each subsequent reporting period, including two required ASC 810 reassessments performed during 2017. The Company has consistently determined that KNOW Bio should not be consolidated in its consolidated financial statements. In the fourth quarter of 2018, KNOW Bio and its operating subsidiaries received significant additional equity investments that enable progression of their technology. These events required the Company to conduct another reassessment of variable interest entity characteristics, pursuant to FASB ASC 810-10, Consolidation , in which it determined that KNOW Bio should not be consolidated in its consolidated financial statements. KNOW Bio Technology Agreements In connection with the Distribution, the Company entered into exclusive license agreements and sublicense agreements with KNOW Bio, as described below. The agreements will continue for so long as there is a valid patent claim under the respective agreement, unless earlier terminated, and upon expiration, will continue as perpetual non-exclusive licenses. KNOW Bio has the right to terminate each such agreement, for any reason upon 90 days advance written notice to the Company. License of existing and potential future intellectual property to KNOW Bio. The Company and KNOW Bio entered into an exclusive license agreement dated December 29, 2015 (the “KNOW Bio License Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the KNOW Bio License Agreement, the Company granted to KNOW Bio exclusive licenses, with the right to sublicense, under certain U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications that were controlled by the Company as of December 29, 2015 or that became controlled by the Company between that date and December 29, 2018, directed towards nitric-oxide releasing compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof, including methods of manufacturing Nitricil compounds and other nitric oxide-based therapeutics. Sublicense of UNC and other third party intellectual property to KNOW Bio. The Company and KNOW Bio also entered into sublicense agreements dated December 29, 2015 (the “KNOW Bio Sublicense Agreements” and together with the KNOW Bio License Agreement, the “Original KNOW Bio Agreements”). Pursuant to the terms of the KNOW Bio Sublicense Agreements, the Company granted to KNOW Bio exclusive sublicenses, with the ability to further sublicense, under certain of the U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications exclusively licensed to the Company from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (“UNC”) under the Amended, Restated and Consolidated License Agreement dated June 27, 2012, as amended (the “UNC License Agreement”), and another third party directed towards nitric oxide-releasing compositions, to develop and commercialize products utilizing the licensed technology. Under the exclusive sublicense to the UNC patents and applications (the “UNC Sublicense Agreement”), KNOW Bio is subject to the terms and conditions under the UNC License Agreement, including milestone and diligence payment obligations. However, pursuant to the terms of the UNC License Agreement, the Company is directly obligated to pay UNC any future milestones or royalties, including those resulting from actions conducted by the Company’s sublicensees, including KNOW Bio. Therefore, in the event of KNOW Bio non-performance with respect to its obligations under the UNC Sublicense Agreement, the Company would be obligated to make such payments to UNC. KNOW Bio would then become obligated to repay the Company pursuant to the UNC Sublicense Agreement, otherwise KNOW Bio would be in breach of its agreements with the Company and intellectual property rights would revert back to the Company. There were no milestone or royalty payments required during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 . Amendments to License and Sublicense Agreements with KNOW Bio On October 13, 2017, the Company and KNOW Bio entered into certain amendments to the Original KNOW Bio Agreements (the “KNOW Bio Amendments”). Pursuant to the terms of the KNOW Bio Amendments, the Company re-acquired from KNOW Bio exclusive, worldwide rights under certain U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications controlled by the Company as of December 29, 2015, and that became controlled by the Company between December 29, 2015 and December 29, 2018, directed towards nitric oxide-releasing compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof, including methods of manufacturing Nitricil compounds, and other nitric oxide-based therapeutics, to develop and commercialize products for all diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic and palliative uses for any disease, condition or disorder caused by certain oncoviruses (the “Oncovirus Field”). The Company also obtained a three -year exclusive option, subject to payment of separate option exercise fees, to include up to four additional specified oncoviruses in the Oncovirus Field. KNOW Bio also granted to the Company an exclusive license, with the right to sublicense, under any patents and patent applications which became controlled by KNOW Bio during the three -year period between December 29, 2015 and December 29, 2018 and directed towards nitric oxide-releasing compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof, including methods of manufacturing Nitricil compounds, and other nitric oxide-based therapeutics, but not towards medical devices, to develop and commercialize products for use in the Oncovirus Field. Upon execution of the KNOW Bio Amendments, in exchange for the Oncovirus Field rights, the Company paid a non-refundable upfront payment of $250 . Products the Company develops in the Oncovirus Field based on Nitricil will not be subject to any further milestones, royalties or sublicensing payment obligations to KNOW Bio under the KNOW Bio Amendments. However, if the Company develops products in the Oncovirus Field that incorporate a certain nitric oxide-releasing composition specified in the KNOW Bio Amendments and (i) are covered by KNOW Bio patents; or (ii) materially use or incorporate know-how of KNOW Bio or the Company related to such composition that was created between December 29, 2015 and December 29, 2018, the Company would be obligated to make the certain contingent milestone and royalty payments to KNOW Bio under the KNOW Bio Amendments. The rights granted to the Company in the Oncovirus Field in the KNOW Bio Amendments continue for so long as there is a valid patent claim under the Original KNOW Bio Agreements, and upon expiration continue on a perpetual non-exclusive basis, and are subject to the termination rights of KNOW Bio and the Company that are set forth in the Original KNOW Bio Agreements. In addition, under the KNOW Bio Amendments, KNOW Bio may terminate the rights granted to the Company in the Oncovirus Field if: (i) the Company does not file a first investigational new drug (“IND”) application with the FDA for a product in the Oncovirus Field by October 2020; or (ii) the Company does not file a first new drug application (“NDA”) with the FDA by October 2025 for a product in the Oncovirus Field and does not otherwise have any active clinical programs related to the Oncovirus Field at such time. The KNOW Bio Amendments also provide a mechanism whereby either party can cause a new chemical entity (“NCE”) covered by the Original KNOW Bio Agreements to become exclusive to such party by filing an IND on the NCE. An NCE that becomes exclusive to a party under this provision may not be commercialized by the other party until the later of expiration of patents covering the NCE or regulatory exclusivity covering the NCE. A party who obtains exclusivity for an NCE must advance development of the NCE pursuant to terms of the KNOW Bio Amendments in order to maintain such exclusivity; otherwise, such exclusivity will expire. The terms of the KNOW Bio Amendments were negotiated at arms-length and do not provide the Company with an ability to significantly influence KNOW Bio or its operations.

Research and Development Licens

Research and Development Licenses	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Research and Development [Abstract]
Research and Development Licenses	Research and Development Licenses The Company has entered into various licensing agreements with universities and other research institutions under which the Company receives the rights, and in some cases substantially all of the rights, of the inventors, assignees or co-assignees to produce and market technology protected by certain patents and patent applications. The Company’s primary license agreement is with UNC and has been described in further detail within the subsection below. The counterparties to the Company’s various other licensing agreements are the University of Akron Research Foundation, Hospital for Special Surgery, Strakan International S.a.r.l., which is a licensee of the University of Aberdeen, KIPAX AB and KNOW Bio. The Company is generally required to make milestone payments based on development milestones and will be required to make royalty payments based on a percentage of future sales of covered products or a percentage of sublicensing revenue. As future royalty payments are directly related to future revenues (either sales or sublicensing), future commitments cannot be determined. No accrual for future payments under these agreements has been recorded, as the Company cannot estimate if, when or in what amount payments may become due. UNC License Agreement The UNC License Agreement provides the Company with an exclusive license to issued patents and pending applications directed to the Company’s library of Nitricil compounds, including patents issued in the U.S., Japan and Australia, with claims intended to cover NVN1000, the NCE for the Company’s current product candidates. The UNC License Agreement requires the Company to pay UNC up to $425 in regulatory and commercial milestones on a licensed product by licensed product basis and a running royalty percentage in the low single digits on net sales of licensed products. Licensed products include any products being developed by the Company or by its sublicensees. Unless earlier terminated by the Company at its election, or if the Company materially breaches the agreement or becomes bankrupt, the UNC License Agreement remains in effect on a country by country and licensed product by licensed product basis until the expiration of the last to expire issued patent covering such licensed product in the applicable country. The projected date of expiration of the last to expire of the patents issued under the UNC License Agreement is 2033.

Licensing Arrangements

Licensing Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Collaboration Arrangements [Abstract]
Licensing Arrangements	Licensing Arrangements Sato License Agreement Significant Terms On January 12, 2017, the Company entered into a license agreement, and related first amendment, with Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Sato”), relating to SB204, its drug candidate for the treatment of acne vulgaris in Japan (the “Sato Agreement”). Pursuant to the Sato Agreement, the Company granted to Sato an exclusive, royalty-bearing, non-transferable right and license under certain of the Company’s intellectual property rights, with the right to sublicense with the Company’s prior written consent, to develop, use and sell products in Japan that incorporate SB204 in certain topical dosage forms for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and to make the finished form of such products. On October 5, 2018, the Company and Sato entered into the second amendment (the “Sato Amendment”) to the Sato Agreement (collectively, the “Amended Sato Agreement”). The Sato Amendment expanded the Sato Agreement to include SB206, the Company’s drug candidate for the treatment of viral skin infections. Pursuant to the Amended Sato Agreement, the Company granted to Sato an exclusive, royalty-bearing, non-transferable license under certain of its intellectual property rights, with the right to sublicense with the Company’s prior written consent, to develop, use and sell products in Japan that incorporate SB204 or SB206 in certain topical dosage forms for the treatment of acne vulgaris or viral skin infections, respectively, and to make the finished form of such products. The Company or its designated contract manufacturer will supply finished product to Sato for use in the development of SB204 and SB206 in the licensed territory. The rights granted to Sato do not include the right to manufacture the active pharmaceutical ingredient (“API”) of SB204 or SB206; rather, the parties agreed to negotiate a commercial supply agreement pursuant to which the Company or its designated contract manufacturer would be the exclusive supplier to Sato of the API for the commercial manufacture of licensed products in the licensed territory. Under the terms of the Amended Sato Agreement, the Company also has exclusive rights to certain intellectual property that may be developed by Sato in the future, which the Company could choose to use for its own development and commercialization of SB204 or SB206 outside of Japan. Under the Amended Sato Agreement, in exchange for the SB204 and SB206 license rights granted to Sato, Sato agreed to pay the Company the following: • An upfront payment of 1.25 billion Japanese Yen (“JPY”) payable in installments of 0.25 billion JPY, 0.5 billion JPY and 0.5 billion JPY on October 5, 2018, February 14, 2019 and September 13, 2019 , respectively. This is in addition to the 1.25 billion JPY (approximately $ 10,813 USD) paid on January 19, 2017 following the execution of the Sato Agreement on January 12, 2017. On October 23, 2018, the Company received the first installment from the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,224 USD). On March 14, 2019, the Company received the second installment payment related to the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,460 USD). On November 7, 2019, the Company received the third installment payment related to the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,554 USD). • Up to an aggregate of 1.75 billion JPY (adjusted from 2.75 billion JPY in the Sato Agreement) upon the achievement of various development and regulatory milestones, including (i) a 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,162 USD) milestone payment received during the fourth quarter of 2018 following Sato’s initiation of a Phase 1 trial in Japan; and (ii) an aggregate of 1.0 billion JPY that becomes payable upon the earlier occurrence of specified fixed future dates or the achievement of milestone events. • Up to an aggregate of 3.9 billion JPY (adjusted from 0.9 billion JPY in the Sato Agreement) upon the achievement of various commercial milestones. • A tiered royalty ranging from a mid-single digit to a low-double digit percentage (adjusted from a mid-single digit percentage in the Sato Agreement) of net sales of licensed products in the licensed territory, subject to a reduction in the royalty payments in certain circumstances. The term of the Amended Sato Agreement (and the period during which Sato must pay royalties under the amended license agreement) expires on the twentieth anniversary of the first commercial sale of a licensed product in the licensed field in the licensed territory (adjusted from the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale in the Sato Agreement). The term of the Amended Sato Agreement may be renewed with respect to a licensed product by mutual written agreement of the parties for additional two -year periods following expiration of the initial term. All other material terms of the Sato Agreement remain unchanged by the Sato Amendment. Sato is responsible for funding the development and commercial costs for the program that are specific to Japan. The Company is obligated to perform certain oversight, review and supporting activities for Sato, including: (i) using commercially reasonable efforts to obtain marketing approval of SB204 and SB206 in the U.S.; (ii) sharing all future scientific information the Company may obtain during the term of the Amended Sato Agreement pertaining to SB204 and SB206; (iii) performing certain additional preclinical studies if such studies are deemed necessary by the Japanese regulatory authority, up to and not to exceed a total cost of $1,000 ; and (iv) participating in a joint committee that oversees, reviews and approves Sato’s development and commercialization activities under the Amended Sato Agreement. Additionally, the Company has granted Sato the option to use the Company’s trademarks in connection with the commercialization of licensed products in the licensed territory for no additional consideration, subject to the Company’s approval of such use. The Amended Sato Agreement may be terminated by (i) Sato without cause upon 120 days ’ advance written notice to the Company; (ii) either party in the event of the other party’s uncured material breach upon 60 days ’ advance written notice; (iii) force majeure; (iv) either party in the event of the other party’s dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy or insolvency; and (v) the Company immediately upon written notice if Sato challenges the validity, patentability, or enforceability of any of the Company’s patents or patent applications licensed to Sato under the Amended Sato Agreement. In the event of a termination, no portion of the upfront fees received from Sato are refundable. Research and Development Arrangements Royalty and Milestone Payments Purchase Agreement with Reedy Creek Investments LLC On April 29, 2019, the Company entered into a royalty and milestone payments purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Reedy Creek Investments LLC (“Reedy Creek”), pursuant to which Reedy Creek provided funding to the Company in an initial amount of $25,000 , for the Company to use primarily to pursue the development, regulatory approval and commercialization (including through out-license agreements and other third-party arrangements) activities for SB206, a topical anti-viral gel being developed for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum, and advancing programmatically such activities with respect to SB204, a once-daily, topical monotherapy being developed for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and SB414, a topical cream-based product candidate being developed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Reedy Creek was to provide additional funding to the Company of $10,000 contingent upon the achievement by the Company of SB206 clinical trial success, defined as (i) the achievement, no later than March 31, 2020, of statistically significant rates of complete clearance of lesions for molluscum contagiosum in humans at week 12 in each of the two Phase 3 clinical trials or any other primary endpoint required or accepted by the FDA for the SB206 product; or (ii) equivalent achievement (as agreed upon by the parties). On January 2, 2020, the Company announced top-line results from two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of SB206 for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. SB206 did not achieve statistically significant results in the primary endpoint in both trials, which was the complete clearance of all molluscum lesions at Week 12. Based on such results, the Company understands that Reedy Creek will not be paying the Company the contingent $10,000 of additional funding. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company will pay Reedy Creek ongoing quarterly payments, calculated based on an applicable percentage per product of any upfront fees, milestone payments, royalty payments or equivalent payments received by the Company pursuant to any out-license agreement for SB204, SB206 or SB414 in the United States, Mexico or Canada, net of any upfront fees, milestone payments, royalty payments or equivalent payments paid by the Company to third parties pursuant to any agreements under which the Company has in-licensed intellectual property with respect to such products in the United States, Mexico or Canada. The applicable percentage used for determining the ongoing quarterly payments, applied to amounts received directly by the Company pursuant to any out-license agreement for each product, ranges from 10% for SB206 to 20% for SB204 and SB414. However, the agreement provides that the applicable percentage for each product will be 25% for fees or milestone payments received by the Company (but not royalty payments received by the Company) until Reedy Creek has received payments under the Purchase Agreement equal to the total funding amount provided by Reedy Creek under the Purchase Agreement. If the Company decides to commercialize any product on its own following regulatory approval, as opposed to commercializing through an out-license agreement or other third-party arrangement, the Company will be obligated to pay Reedy Creek a low single digits royalty on net sales of such products. The Company determined that the Reedy Creek Purchase Agreement is within the scope of ASC 730-20, Research and Development Arrangements . The Company concluded that there has not been a substantive and genuine transfer of risk related to the Purchase Agreement as (i) Reedy Creek has the opportunity to recover its investment regardless of the outcome of the research and development programs within the scope of the agreement (prior to commercialization of any in scope assets through potential out-licensing agreements and related potential future milestone payments); and (ii) there is a presumption that the Company is obligated to pay Reedy Creek amounts equal to its investment based on the related party relationship at the time the parties entered into the Purchase Agreement. The Purchase Agreement is a broad funding arrangement, due to (i) the multi-asset, or portfolio approach including three developmental assets that are within the scope of the arrangement; and (ii) Reedy Creek’s approximate 5% ownership of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company. As such, the Company determined that the appropriate accounting treatment under ASC 730-20 was to record the initial proceeds of $25,000 as cash and cash equivalents, as the Company had the ability to direct the usage of funds, and a long-term liability within its classified balance sheet. The long-term liability will remain until the Company receives future milestones from other potential third parties, as defined within the Purchase Agreement, of which 25% will be contractually owed to Reedy Creek. If potential future milestones are received by the Company, and become partly due to Reedy Creek, the corresponding partial repayment to Reedy Creek will result in a ratable reduction of the total long-term obligation to repay the initial purchase price. Development Funding and Royalties Agreement with Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated On May 4, 2019, the Company entered into a development funding and royalties agreement (the “Funding Agreement”) with Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (“Ligand”), pursuant to which Ligand provided funding to the Company of $12,000 , for the Company to use to pursue the development and regulatory approval of SB206, a topical anti-viral gel being developed for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. Pursuant to the Funding Agreement, the Company will pay Ligand up to $20,000 in milestone payments upon the achievement by the Company of certain regulatory and commercial milestones associated with SB206 or any product that incorporates or uses NVN1000, the active pharmaceutical ingredient for the Company’s clinical stage product candidates, for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. In addition to the milestone payments, the Company will pay Ligand tiered royalties ranging from 7% to 10% based on annual aggregate net sales of such products in the United States, Mexico or Canada. The Company determined that the Ligand transaction is within the scope of ASC 730-20 as it represents an obligation to perform contractual services for the development of SB206 using commercially reasonable efforts. In addition, the Funding Agreement also states that if all development of SB206 is ceased prior to the first regulatory approval, the Company must pay to Ligand an amount equal to the purchase price less the amount spent in accordance with the development budget on development activities conducted prior to such cessation. As such, the Company concluded that the appropriate accounting treatment under ASC 730-20 was to record the initial proceeds of $12,000 , as a liability and as restricted cash on its consolidated balance sheet, as the funds could only be used for the progression of SB206. The Company amortizes the liability ratably during each reporting period, based on the Ligand funding as a percentage of the total direct costs incurred by the Company during the reporting period related to the estimated total cost to progress the SB206 program to a regulatory approval in the U.S. The ratable Ligand funding is presented within the consolidated statement of operations as an offset to research and development expenses associated with the SB206 program. As of March 31, 2020, the Company is reassessing the estimated total cost to progress the SB206 program to a potential U.S. regulatory approval, including consideration of how such estimated costs may potentially be affected by various factors, including (i) the results from the Company’s SB206 Phase 3 trials in the U.S., including but not limited to top-line efficacy results announced in January 2020, (ii) the Company’s plans and timelines for potential further clinical development of SB206 in the U.S., which have been informed by feedback during and meeting minutes received from the FDA following the Type C meeting on April 1, 2020, are subject to additional funding or strategic partnering and have been and may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and (iii) the Company’s in-house drug manufacturing capabilities and the progression of the Company’s manufacturing technology transfer projects with third-party contract manufacturing organizations. This reassessment is expected to continue as the Company evaluates pathways to secure additional funding or a strategic transaction that may enable the conduct of further clinical development activities. The initial restricted cash balance was also reduced ratably during interim reporting periods in 2019 in a manner consistent with the amortization method for the Ligand funding liability balance. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate amount spent in accordance with the SB206 development budget on SB206 development activities had exceeded the $12,000 purchase price, causing the aforementioned repayment provision provided for in the Funding Agreement to no longer be enforceable. Therefore, the Company reported no restricted cash balance related to the Funding Agreement, as of December 31, 2019 or March 31, 2020 in its condensed consolidated balance sheet. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 , the Company recorded $1,513 as contra-research and development expense related to the SB206 developmental program, funded by Ligand.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition Sato Agreement The Company assessed the Sato Agreement in accordance with Topic 606 and concluded that the contract counterparty, Sato, is a customer within the scope of Topic 606. The Company identified the following promises under the Sato Agreement: (i) the grant of the intellectual property license to Sato; (ii) the obligation to participate in a joint committee that oversees, reviews, and approves Sato’s research and development activities and provides advisory support during Sato’s development process; (iii) the obligation to manufacture and supply Sato with all quantities of licensed product required for development activities in Japan; and (iv) the stand-ready obligation to perform any necessary repeat preclinical studies, up to $1,000 in cost. The Company determined that these promises were not individually distinct because Sato can only benefit from these licensed intellectual property rights and services when bundled together; they do not have individual benefit or utility to Sato. As a result, all promises have been combined into a single performance obligation. The Sato Agreement also provides that the two parties agree to negotiate in good faith the terms of a commercial supply agreement pursuant to which the Company or a third-party manufacturer would be the exclusive supplier to Sato of the API for the commercial manufacture of licensed products in the licensed territory. The Company concluded this obligation to negotiate the terms of a commercial supply agreement does not create (i) a legally enforceable obligation under which the Company may have to perform and supply Sato with API for commercial manufacturing; or (ii) a material right because the incremental commercial supply fee consideration agreed upon between the parties in the Sato Agreement is representative of a stand-alone selling price for the supply of API and does not represent a discount. Therefore, this contract provision is not considered to be a promise to deliver goods or services and is not a performance obligation or part of the combined single performance obligation described above. Amended Sato Agreement On October 5, 2018, the Company and Sato entered into the Amended Sato Agreement. The Sato Amendment expanded the Sato Agreement to include SB206, the Company’s drug candidate for the treatment of viral skin infections. The Company assessed the Amended Sato Agreement in accordance with Topic 606 and concluded the contract modification should incorporate the additional goods and services provided for in the Amendment into the existing, partially satisfied single bundled performance obligation that will continue to be delivered to Sato over the remaining development period. This contract modification accounting is concluded to be appropriate as the additional goods and services conveyed under the Sato Amendment were determined to not be distinct from the single performance obligation, and the additional consideration provided did not reflect the standalone selling price of those additional goods and services. As such, the Company recorded a cumulative adjustment as of the amendment execution date to reflect revenue that would have been recognized cumulatively for the partially completed bundled performance obligation. The Company concluded that the following consideration would be included in the transaction price as they were (i) received prior to March 31, 2020 ; or (ii) payable upon specified fixed dates in the future and are not contingent upon clinical or regulatory success in Japan: • The 1.25 billion JPY (approximately $10,813 USD) original upfront payment received on January 19, 2017 following the execution of the Sato Agreement on January 12, 2017. • A milestone payment of 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,162 USD) received during the fourth quarter of 2018 following Sato’s initiation of a Phase 1 trial in Japan. • The Sato Amendment upfront payment of 1.25 billion JPY, payable in installments of 0.25 billion JPY, 0.5 billion JPY and 0.5 billion JPY on October 5, 2018, February 14, 2019 and September 13, 2019, respectively. On October 23, 2018, the Company received the first installment from the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,224 USD). On March 14, 2019, the Company received the second installment payment related to the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,460 USD). On November 7, 2019, the Company received the third installment payment related to the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,554 USD). • An aggregate of 1.0 billion JPY in non-contingent milestone payments that become payable upon the earlier occurrence of specified fixed dates in the future or the achievement of specified milestone events. The following table presents the Company’s contract assets and contract liabilities balances for the periods indicated. Contract Asset Contract Liability Net Deferred Revenue December 31, 2019 $ 8,974 $ 20,478 $ 11,504 March 31, 2020 $ 8,895 $ 19,256 $ 10,361 Short-term Deferred Revenue Long-term Deferred Revenue Net Deferred Revenue December 31, 2019 $ 4,428 $ 7,076 $ 11,504 March 31, 2020 $ 4,401 $ 5,960 $ 10,361 The Company has recorded the Sato Agreement and Amended Sato Agreement transaction price, including the upfront payments received and the unconstrained variable consideration, as deferred revenue (comprised of (i) a contract liability; net of (ii) a contract asset). The change in the net deferred revenue balance during the three months ended March 31, 2020 was associated with the recognition of license and collaboration revenue associated with the Company’s performance during the period (continued amortization of deferred revenue). During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $1,024 and $1,100 , respectively, in license and collaboration revenue under this agreement. The Company has concluded that the above consideration is probable of not resulting in a significant revenue reversal and therefore included in the transaction price and is allocated to the single performance obligation. No other variable consideration under the Amended Sato Agreement is probable of not resulting in a significant revenue reversal as of March 31, 2020 and therefore, is currently fully constrained and excluded from the transaction price. The Company evaluated the timing of delivery for each of the obligations and concluded that a time-based input method is most appropriate because Sato is accessing and benefiting from the intellectual property and technology (the predominant items of the combined performance obligation) ratably over the duration of Sato’s estimated development period in Japan. Although the Company concluded that the intellectual property is functional rather than symbolic, the services provided under the performance obligation are provided over time. Therefore, the allocated transaction price will be recognized using a time-based input method that results in straight-line recognition over the Company’s performance period. Prior to the Sato Amendment, the Company estimated the Sato Agreement development timeline for the SB204 product candidate to be approximately 5 years , starting in February 2017 and completing in the first quarter of 2022. With the Amended Sato Agreement, the Company and Sato are now developing both the SB204 and SB206 product candidates for the Japan territory. The parties continue to work collaboratively to reach agreement, but have not yet reached agreement, with respect to the combined SB204 and SB206 development plan for the Japan territory, including a corresponding timeline and estimated duration for the combined development program. The Company’s current estimated timeline is 7.5 years , starting in February 2017 and completing in the third quarter of 2024. The Company monitors and reassesses the estimated performance period for purposes of revenue recognition during each reporting period. The Company expects to reassess the estimated performance period during the second quarter of 2020, as the Company considers how the combined SB204 and SB206 development program timeline in Japan may potentially be affected by various factors, including (i) the results from the Company’s SB206 Phase 3 trials in the U.S., including but not limited to top-line efficacy results announced in January 2020, (ii) the Company’s plans and timelines for potential further clinical development of SB206 in the U.S., which have been informed by feedback during and meeting minutes received from the FDA following the Type C meeting on April 1, 2020, are subject to additional funding or strategic partnering and have been and may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and (iii) the Company’s in-house drug manufacturing capabilities and the progression of the Company’s manufacturing technology transfer projects with third-party contract manufacturing organizations. Therefore, if the duration of the combined SB204 and SB206 development program timeline is affected by the establishment or subsequent adjustments to a mutually agreed upon SB204 and SB206 development plan in the Japan territory, the Company will adjust its estimated performance period for revenue recognition purposes accordingly, as needed. In future periods, the Company will lift the variable consideration constraint from each contingent payment when there is no longer a probable likelihood of significant revenue reversal. When the constraint is lifted from a milestone payment, the Company will recognize the incremental transaction price using the same time-based input method that is being used to recognize the revenue, which results in straight-line recognition over the performance period. If the Company’s performance is not yet completed at the time that the constraint is lifted, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recognized in the period. If no other performance is required by the Company at the time the constraint is lifted, the Company expects to recognize all revenue associated with such milestone payments at the time that the constraint is lifted. Contract Costs—Sato Agreement The Company has incurred certain fees and costs in the process of obtaining the Amended Sato Agreement that were payable upon contract execution and, therefore, have been recognized as other assets and amortized as general and administrative expense on a straight-line basis over the same estimated performance period being used to recognize the associated revenue. These fees are associated with the following two arrangements and are described as follows: • The Company entered into an agreement with a third party to assist the Company in exploring the licensing opportunity which led to the execution of the Sato Agreement. The Company is obligated to pay the third party a low-single-digit percentage of all upfront and milestone payments the Company receives from Sato under the Amended Sato Agreement. • The intellectual property rights granted to Sato under the Sato Agreement include certain intellectual property rights which the Company has licensed from UNC. Under the UNC License Agreement described in Note 3—Research and Development Licenses, the Company is obligated to pay UNC a running royalty percentage in the low single digits on net sales of licensed products, including net sales that may be generated by Sato. Additionally, the Company is obligated to make payments to UNC that represent the portion of the Sato upfront and milestone payments that were estimated to be directly attributable to the UNC intellectual property rights included in the license to Sato. Performance Obligations under the Sato Agreement The net amount of existing performance obligations under long-term contracts unsatisfied as of March 31, 2020 was $10,361 . The Company expects to recognize approximately 23% of the remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months , and the balance thereafter. The Company applied the practical expedient and does not disclose information about variable consideration related to sales-based or usage-based royalties promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property. This expedient specifically applied to the sales-based milestone payments that are present in the Amended Sato Agreement ( 3.9 billion JPY), as well as percentage-based royalty payments in the Amended Sato Agreement that are contingent upon future sales. Government Contracts and Grant Revenue The Company assessed the following Federal grants in accordance with Topic 958 and concluded that both represent conditional non-exchange transactions. In August 2019, the Company received a Phase 1 Federal grant of approximately $223 (the “NIH Phase 1 Grant”) from the National Institutes of Health (the “NIH”). The funds are to be used to advance formulation development of a nitric oxide-containing intravaginal gel (WH602) designed to treat high-risk human papilloma virus (“HPV”) infections that can lead to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (“CIN”). The specific focus is to ensure the nitric oxide delivery from the gel replicates doses of nitric oxide previously demonstrated to be effective against HPV in the Company’s clinical and in vitro studies. Revenue recognized under the NIH Phase 1 Grant was $24 during the three months ended March 31, 2020 . In February 2020, following the successful progression of the NIH Phase 1 Grant, the Company was awarded a Phase 2 Federal grant of approximately $997 from the NIH (the “NIH Phase 2 Grant”) that will enable the conduct of IND-enabling toxicology and pharmacology studies and other preclinical activity with respect to WH602. The NIH Phase 2 Grant funds will be received by the Company in the form of periodic cost reimbursements as the underlying research and development activities are performed. The Company may be eligible to receive additional funding as part of the NIH Phase 2 Grant, subject to availability of NIH funds and satisfactory progress of the project during the initial 12-month term. No revenue was recognized under the NIH Phase 2 Grant during the three months ended March 31, 2020. In September 2019, the Company received a grant from the U.S. Department of Defense’s Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs of approximately $1,113 as part of its Peer Reviewed Cancer Research Program. The grant will support the development of a non-gel formulation product candidate (WH504) designed to treat high-risk HPV infections that can lead to CIN, with well-characterized physical chemical properties suitable for intravaginal administration. In addition, the grant will support the evaluation of the effect of varying concentrations and treatment durations of berdazimer sodium (NVN1000) against HPV-18 in human raft cell culture in vitro studies. Revenue recognized under this grant was $165 during the three months ended March 31, 2020 .

Research and Development Arrang

Research and Development Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Collaboration Arrangements [Abstract]
Research and Development Arrangements	Licensing Arrangements Sato License Agreement Significant Terms On January 12, 2017, the Company entered into a license agreement, and related first amendment, with Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Sato”), relating to SB204, its drug candidate for the treatment of acne vulgaris in Japan (the “Sato Agreement”). Pursuant to the Sato Agreement, the Company granted to Sato an exclusive, royalty-bearing, non-transferable right and license under certain of the Company’s intellectual property rights, with the right to sublicense with the Company’s prior written consent, to develop, use and sell products in Japan that incorporate SB204 in certain topical dosage forms for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and to make the finished form of such products. On October 5, 2018, the Company and Sato entered into the second amendment (the “Sato Amendment”) to the Sato Agreement (collectively, the “Amended Sato Agreement”). The Sato Amendment expanded the Sato Agreement to include SB206, the Company’s drug candidate for the treatment of viral skin infections. Pursuant to the Amended Sato Agreement, the Company granted to Sato an exclusive, royalty-bearing, non-transferable license under certain of its intellectual property rights, with the right to sublicense with the Company’s prior written consent, to develop, use and sell products in Japan that incorporate SB204 or SB206 in certain topical dosage forms for the treatment of acne vulgaris or viral skin infections, respectively, and to make the finished form of such products. The Company or its designated contract manufacturer will supply finished product to Sato for use in the development of SB204 and SB206 in the licensed territory. The rights granted to Sato do not include the right to manufacture the active pharmaceutical ingredient (“API”) of SB204 or SB206; rather, the parties agreed to negotiate a commercial supply agreement pursuant to which the Company or its designated contract manufacturer would be the exclusive supplier to Sato of the API for the commercial manufacture of licensed products in the licensed territory. Under the terms of the Amended Sato Agreement, the Company also has exclusive rights to certain intellectual property that may be developed by Sato in the future, which the Company could choose to use for its own development and commercialization of SB204 or SB206 outside of Japan. Under the Amended Sato Agreement, in exchange for the SB204 and SB206 license rights granted to Sato, Sato agreed to pay the Company the following: • An upfront payment of 1.25 billion Japanese Yen (“JPY”) payable in installments of 0.25 billion JPY, 0.5 billion JPY and 0.5 billion JPY on October 5, 2018, February 14, 2019 and September 13, 2019 , respectively. This is in addition to the 1.25 billion JPY (approximately $ 10,813 USD) paid on January 19, 2017 following the execution of the Sato Agreement on January 12, 2017. On October 23, 2018, the Company received the first installment from the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,224 USD). On March 14, 2019, the Company received the second installment payment related to the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,460 USD). On November 7, 2019, the Company received the third installment payment related to the Amended Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,554 USD). • Up to an aggregate of 1.75 billion JPY (adjusted from 2.75 billion JPY in the Sato Agreement) upon the achievement of various development and regulatory milestones, including (i) a 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,162 USD) milestone payment received during the fourth quarter of 2018 following Sato’s initiation of a Phase 1 trial in Japan; and (ii) an aggregate of 1.0 billion JPY that becomes payable upon the earlier occurrence of specified fixed future dates or the achievement of milestone events. • Up to an aggregate of 3.9 billion JPY (adjusted from 0.9 billion JPY in the Sato Agreement) upon the achievement of various commercial milestones. • A tiered royalty ranging from a mid-single digit to a low-double digit percentage (adjusted from a mid-single digit percentage in the Sato Agreement) of net sales of licensed products in the licensed territory, subject to a reduction in the royalty payments in certain circumstances. The term of the Amended Sato Agreement (and the period during which Sato must pay royalties under the amended license agreement) expires on the twentieth anniversary of the first commercial sale of a licensed product in the licensed field in the licensed territory (adjusted from the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale in the Sato Agreement). The term of the Amended Sato Agreement may be renewed with respect to a licensed product by mutual written agreement of the parties for additional two -year periods following expiration of the initial term. All other material terms of the Sato Agreement remain unchanged by the Sato Amendment. Sato is responsible for funding the development and commercial costs for the program that are specific to Japan. The Company is obligated to perform certain oversight, review and supporting activities for Sato, including: (i) using commercially reasonable efforts to obtain marketing approval of SB204 and SB206 in the U.S.; (ii) sharing all future scientific information the Company may obtain during the term of the Amended Sato Agreement pertaining to SB204 and SB206; (iii) performing certain additional preclinical studies if such studies are deemed necessary by the Japanese regulatory authority, up to and not to exceed a total cost of $1,000 ; and (iv) participating in a joint committee that oversees, reviews and approves Sato’s development and commercialization activities under the Amended Sato Agreement. Additionally, the Company has granted Sato the option to use the Company’s trademarks in connection with the commercialization of licensed products in the licensed territory for no additional consideration, subject to the Company’s approval of such use. The Amended Sato Agreement may be terminated by (i) Sato without cause upon 120 days ’ advance written notice to the Company; (ii) either party in the event of the other party’s uncured material breach upon 60 days ’ advance written notice; (iii) force majeure; (iv) either party in the event of the other party’s dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy or insolvency; and (v) the Company immediately upon written notice if Sato challenges the validity, patentability, or enforceability of any of the Company’s patents or patent applications licensed to Sato under the Amended Sato Agreement. In the event of a termination, no portion of the upfront fees received from Sato are refundable. Research and Development Arrangements Royalty and Milestone Payments Purchase Agreement with Reedy Creek Investments LLC On April 29, 2019, the Company entered into a royalty and milestone payments purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Reedy Creek Investments LLC (“Reedy Creek”), pursuant to which Reedy Creek provided funding to the Company in an initial amount of $25,000 , for the Company to use primarily to pursue the development, regulatory approval and commercialization (including through out-license agreements and other third-party arrangements) activities for SB206, a topical anti-viral gel being developed for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum, and advancing programmatically such activities with respect to SB204, a once-daily, topical monotherapy being developed for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and SB414, a topical cream-based product candidate being developed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Reedy Creek was to provide additional funding to the Company of $10,000 contingent upon the achievement by the Company of SB206 clinical trial success, defined as (i) the achievement, no later than March 31, 2020, of statistically significant rates of complete clearance of lesions for molluscum contagiosum in humans at week 12 in each of the two Phase 3 clinical trials or any other primary endpoint required or accepted by the FDA for the SB206 product; or (ii) equivalent achievement (as agreed upon by the parties). On January 2, 2020, the Company announced top-line results from two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of SB206 for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. SB206 did not achieve statistically significant results in the primary endpoint in both trials, which was the complete clearance of all molluscum lesions at Week 12. Based on such results, the Company understands that Reedy Creek will not be paying the Company the contingent $10,000 of additional funding. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company will pay Reedy Creek ongoing quarterly payments, calculated based on an applicable percentage per product of any upfront fees, milestone payments, royalty payments or equivalent payments received by the Company pursuant to any out-license agreement for SB204, SB206 or SB414 in the United States, Mexico or Canada, net of any upfront fees, milestone payments, royalty payments or equivalent payments paid by the Company to third parties pursuant to any agreements under which the Company has in-licensed intellectual property with respect to such products in the United States, Mexico or Canada. The applicable percentage used for determining the ongoing quarterly payments, applied to amounts received directly by the Company pursuant to any out-license agreement for each product, ranges from 10% for SB206 to 20% for SB204 and SB414. However, the agreement provides that the applicable percentage for each product will be 25% for fees or milestone payments received by the Company (but not royalty payments received by the Company) until Reedy Creek has received payments under the Purchase Agreement equal to the total funding amount provided by Reedy Creek under the Purchase Agreement. If the Company decides to commercialize any product on its own following regulatory approval, as opposed to commercializing through an out-license agreement or other third-party arrangement, the Company will be obligated to pay Reedy Creek a low single digits royalty on net sales of such products. The Company determined that the Reedy Creek Purchase Agreement is within the scope of ASC 730-20, Research and Development Arrangements . The Company concluded that there has not been a substantive and genuine transfer of risk related to the Purchase Agreement as (i) Reedy Creek has the opportunity to recover its investment regardless of the outcome of the research and development programs within the scope of the agreement (prior to commercialization of any in scope assets through potential out-licensing agreements and related potential future milestone payments); and (ii) there is a presumption that the Company is obligated to pay Reedy Creek amounts equal to its investment based on the related party relationship at the time the parties entered into the Purchase Agreement. The Purchase Agreement is a broad funding arrangement, due to (i) the multi-asset, or portfolio approach including three developmental assets that are within the scope of the arrangement; and (ii) Reedy Creek’s approximate 5% ownership of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company. As such, the Company determined that the appropriate accounting treatment under ASC 730-20 was to record the initial proceeds of $25,000 as cash and cash equivalents, as the Company had the ability to direct the usage of funds, and a long-term liability within its classified balance sheet. The long-term liability will remain until the Company receives future milestones from other potential third parties, as defined within the Purchase Agreement, of which 25% will be contractually owed to Reedy Creek. If potential future milestones are received by the Company, and become partly due to Reedy Creek, the corresponding partial repayment to Reedy Creek will result in a ratable reduction of the total long-term obligation to repay the initial purchase price. Development Funding and Royalties Agreement with Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated On May 4, 2019, the Company entered into a development funding and royalties agreement (the “Funding Agreement”) with Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (“Ligand”), pursuant to which Ligand provided funding to the Company of $12,000 , for the Company to use to pursue the development and regulatory approval of SB206, a topical anti-viral gel being developed for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. Pursuant to the Funding Agreement, the Company will pay Ligand up to $20,000 in milestone payments upon the achievement by the Company of certain regulatory and commercial milestones associated with SB206 or any product that incorporates or uses NVN1000, the active pharmaceutical ingredient for the Company’s clinical stage product candidates, for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. In addition to the milestone payments, the Company will pay Ligand tiered royalties ranging from 7% to 10% based on annual aggregate net sales of such products in the United States, Mexico or Canada. The Company determined that the Ligand transaction is within the scope of ASC 730-20 as it represents an obligation to perform contractual services for the development of SB206 using commercially reasonable efforts. In addition, the Funding Agreement also states that if all development of SB206 is ceased prior to the first regulatory approval, the Company must pay to Ligand an amount equal to the purchase price less the amount spent in accordance with the development budget on development activities conducted prior to such cessation. As such, the Company concluded that the appropriate accounting treatment under ASC 730-20 was to record the initial proceeds of $12,000 , as a liability and as restricted cash on its consolidated balance sheet, as the funds could only be used for the progression of SB206. The Company amortizes the liability ratably during each reporting period, based on the Ligand funding as a percentage of the total direct costs incurred by the Company during the reporting period related to the estimated total cost to progress the SB206 program to a regulatory approval in the U.S. The ratable Ligand funding is presented within the consolidated statement of operations as an offset to research and development expenses associated with the SB206 program. As of March 31, 2020, the Company is reassessing the estimated total cost to progress the SB206 program to a potential U.S. regulatory approval, including consideration of how such estimated costs may potentially be affected by various factors, including (i) the results from the Company’s SB206 Phase 3 trials in the U.S., including but not limited to top-line efficacy results announced in January 2020, (ii) the Company’s plans and timelines for potential further clinical development of SB206 in the U.S., which have been informed by feedback during and meeting minutes received from the FDA following the Type C meeting on April 1, 2020, are subject to additional funding or strategic partnering and have been and may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and (iii) the Company’s in-house drug manufacturing capabilities and the progression of the Company’s manufacturing technology transfer projects with third-party contract manufacturing organizations. This reassessment is expected to continue as the Company evaluates pathways to secure additional funding or a strategic transaction that may enable the conduct of further clinical development activities. The initial restricted cash balance was also reduced ratably during interim reporting periods in 2019 in a manner consistent with the amortization method for the Ligand funding liability balance. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate amount spent in accordance with the SB206 development budget on SB206 development activities had exceeded the $12,000 purchase price, causing the aforementioned repayment provision provided for in the Funding Agreement to no longer be enforceable. Therefore, the Company reported no restricted cash balance related to the Funding Agreement, as of December 31, 2019 or March 31, 2020 in its condensed consolidated balance sheet. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 , the Company recorded $1,513 as contra-research and development expense related to the SB206 developmental program, funded by Ligand.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and Equipment, Net	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment, Net	Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment consisted of the following: March 31, December 31, Computer equipment $ 575 $ 575 Furniture and fixtures 305 305 Laboratory equipment 8,077 7,898 Office equipment 339 339 Leasehold improvements 7,053 7,068 Property and equipment, gross 16,349 16,185 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,118 ) (5,679 ) Total property and equipment, net $ 10,231 $ 10,506 Depreciation and amortization expense was $495 and $503 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Lease Obligations The Company leases office space and certain equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements. Pursuant to the Company’s accounting policy and applicable guidance in ASC 842, Leases, the Company assesses all arrangements that convey the right to control the use of property, plant and equipment, at inception, to determine if each such arrangement is, or contains, a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present in that arrangement. For those leases identified, the Company determines the lease classification, recognition, and measurement at the lease commencement date. For arrangements that contain a lease the Company: (i) identifies lease and non-lease components; (ii) determines the consideration in the contract; (iii) determines whether the lease is an operating or financing lease; and (iv) recognizes lease Right of Use (“ROU”) assets and corresponding lease liabilities. Lease liabilities are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. The corresponding ROU asset is measured from the initial lease liability, adjusted by (i) accrued or prepaid rents; (ii) remaining unamortized initial direct costs and lease incentives; and (iii) any impairments of the ROU asset. The Company separates lease components (fixed rent payments) from non-lease components (common-area maintenance costs) on its real estate assets. Fixed lease payments on operating leases are recognized over the expected term of the lease on a straight-line basis. Variable lease expenses that are not considered fixed are expensed as incurred. Fixed and variable lease expense on operating leases is recognized within operating expenses within the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not recognize an ROU asset or corresponding liability for lease arrangements with an original term of 12 months or less. The interest rate implicit in the Company’s lease contracts is typically not readily determinable and as such, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date, which represents an internally developed rate that would be incurred to borrow, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The weighted average discount rate utilized on the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2020 was 9.85% . The weighted average remaining lease term for the Company’s operating leases as of March 31, 2020 was 6.25 years. Primary Facility Lease In August 2015, the Company entered into a lease agreement for approximately 51,000 rentable square feet of facility space in Morrisville, North Carolina, commencing in April 2016 (the “Primary Facility Lease”). The initial term of the Primary Facility Lease extends through June 30, 2026 . The Company has an option to extend the Primary Facility Lease by five years upon completion of the initial lease term; however, the renewal period was not included in the calculation of the lease obligation. Current contractual base rent payments are $95 per month, subject to a three percent increase annually over the term of the Primary Facility Lease. Rent expense, including both short-term and variable lease components associated with the primary facility lease, was $224 and $157 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. Contingencies From time to time, the Company may have certain contingent liabilities that arise in the ordinary course of business activities. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. See Legal Proceedings below for further discussion of pending legal claims. The Company has entered into, and expects to continue to enter into, contracts in the normal course of business with various third parties who support its clinical trials, preclinical research studies and other services related to its development activities. The scope of the services under these agreements can generally be modified at any time, and these agreements can generally be terminated by either party after a period of notice and receipt of written notice. There have been no material contract terminations as of March 31, 2020 . See Note 3—Research and Development Licenses regarding the Company’s research and development license agreements. See Note 6—Research and Development Arrangements regarding the Purchase Agreement with Reedy Creek and the Funding Agreement with Ligand. See Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) regarding outstanding warrants relating to the January 2018 Public Offering, the March 2020 Public Offering and the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering. Legal Proceedings The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings and is not aware of any claims or actions pending or threatened against the Company that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, cash flows or financial statements. In the future, the Company might from time to time become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from its ordinary course of business. Compensatory Obligations In conjunction with the departures of two former Company officers in 2019, the Company entered into separation and general release agreements that included separation benefits consistent with the Company’s obligations under their previously existing employment agreements for “separation from service” for “good reason.” The Company recognized related severance expense of $0 and $878 , during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. The accrued severance obligation in respect of the two former officers was $33 as of December 31, 2019 and was fully paid as of March 31, 2020 . As part of a strategic objective to reduce the Company’s costs related to internal resources, facilities, and infrastructure capabilities, the Company took actions in February 2020 to reduce the Company’s internal resources. Employee severance costs associated with this action were $59 , which were expensed during the first quarter of 2020. As of March 31, 2020, severance costs of $ 50 were accrued in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. See Note 10—Share-Based Compensation regarding the Stock Appreciation Rights granted in January 2020. See Note 11—Tangible Stockholder Return Plan regarding the Tangible Stockholder Return Plan adopted in August 2018.

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)	Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) Capital Structure In conjunction with the completion of the Company’s initial public offering in September 2016, the Company further amended its amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated its bylaws. The amendment provides for 210,000,000 authorized shares of capital stock, of which 200,000,000 shares have been designated as $0.0001 par value common stock and 10,000,000 shares have been designated as $0.0001 par value preferred stock. March 2020 Public Offering On February 27, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, relating to the offering, issuance and sale of 14,000,000 shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase 4,333,334 shares of common stock (the “CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants”), and accompanying common warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 18,333,334 shares of common stock (the “firm warrants”). The Company also granted H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, a 30 -day option to purchase up to 2,750,000 additional shares of common stock and/or common warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,750,000 shares of common stock, which H.C. Wainwright partially exercised on March 2, 2020 to purchase 1,498,602 shares of common stock and common warrants to purchase 2,750,000 shares of common stock (the “option warrants,” and together with the firm warrants, the “CMPO Common Warrants”). The combined price to the public in this offering for each share of common stock and accompanying common warrants was $0.30 , and the combined price to the public in this offering for each pre-funded warrant and accompanying common warrant was $0.2999 . The March 2020 Public Offering closed on March 3, 2020. At closing, the Company also issued to designees of H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 594,958 shares of common stock (the “CMPO UW Warrants”) representing 3.0% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock sold and shares of common stock underlying the pre-funded warrants sold in the March 2020 Public Offering. The CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.0001 per share and continue in effect until such warrants are exercised in full. The CMPO Common Warrants have an exercise price of $0.30 per share and expire five years from the date of issuance. The CMPO UW Warrants have an exercise price of $0.375 per share and expire five years from the date of issuance. Through March 31, 2020, warrant holders exercised a total of 4,333,334 CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants and 9,600,000 CMPO Common Warrants. As of March 31, 2020, there were 11,483,334 CMPO Common Warrants and 594,958 CMPO UW Warrants outstanding. As of March 31, 2020, all of the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants had been exercised in full, such that there were no more CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants outstanding as of such date. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $5,158 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $791 . Offering costs were netted against the offering proceeds and recorded to additional paid-in capital. In addition, proceeds from the exercises of CMPO Common Warrants were approximately $2,880 through March 31, 2020. Common warrants and underwriter warrants. The CMPO Common Warrants and CMPO UW Warrants include certain provisions that establish warrant holder settlement rights that take effect upon the occurrence of certain fundamental transactions. The CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants define a fundamental transaction to generally include any consolidation, merger or other transaction whereby another entity acquires more than 50% of the Company’s outstanding common stock or the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets. The fundamental transaction provision provides the warrant holders with the option to settle any unexercised warrants for cash in the event of certain fundamental transactions that are within the control of the Company. For any fundamental transaction that is not within the control of the Company, including a fundamental transaction not approved by the Company’s board of directors, the warrant holder will only be entitled to receive from the Company or any successor entity the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion) that is being offered and paid to the stockholders of the Company in connection with the fundamental transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, stock or any combination thereof. In the event of any fundamental transaction, and regardless of whether it is within the control of the Company, the settlement amount of the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants (whether in cash, stock or a combination thereof) is determined based upon a Black-Scholes value that is calculated using inputs as specified in the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants, including a defined volatility input equal to the greater of the Company’s 100 -day historical volatility or 100% . The CMPO Common Warrants and CMPO UW Warrants also include a separate provision whereby the exercisability of such warrants may be limited if, upon exercise, the warrant holder or any of its affiliates would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or an amount up to 9.99% if the holder so elects) of the Company’s common stock. The Company has assessed the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants for appropriate equity or liability classification pursuant to the Company’s accounting policy described in Note 1—Organization and Significant Accounting Policies. During this assessment, the Company determined (i) the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants do not constitute a liability under ASC 480; (ii) the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815; (iii) the warrant holder’s option to receive a net cash settlement payment under the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants only becomes exercisable upon the occurrence of certain specified fundamental transactions that are within the control of the Company; (iv) upon the occurrence of a fundamental transaction that is not within the control of the Company, the warrant holder would receive the same type or form of consideration offered and paid to common stockholders; (v) the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants are indexed to the Company’s common stock; and (vi) the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants meet all other conditions for equity classification under ASC 480 and ASC 815. Based on the results of this assessment, the Company concluded that the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants are freestanding equity-linked derivative instruments that meet the criteria for the own-equity scope exception to derivative accounting under ASC 815. Accordingly, the CMPO Common Warrants and the CMPO UW Warrants are classified as equity and are accounted for as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. Pre-funded warrants . The CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants’ fundamental transaction provision does not provide the warrant holders with the option to settle any unexercised warrants for cash in the event of any fundamental transactions; rather, in all fundamental transaction scenarios, the warrant holder will only be entitled to receive from the Company or any successor entity the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion) that is being offered and paid to the stockholders of the Company in connection with the fundamental transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, stock or any combination thereof. The CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants also include a separate provision whereby the exercisability of the warrants may be limited if, upon exercise, the warrant holder or any of its affiliates would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or an amount up to 9.99% if the holder so elects) of the Company’s common stock. The Company has assessed the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants for appropriate equity or liability classification pursuant to the Company’s accounting policy described in Note 1—Organization and Significant Accounting Policies. During this assessment, the Company determined the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants are freestanding instruments that do not meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480 and do not meet the definition of a derivative pursuant to ASC 815. The CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants are indexed to the Company’s common stock and meet all other conditions for equity classification under ASC 480 and ASC 815. Based on the results of this assessment, the Company concluded that the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants are freestanding equity-linked financial instruments that meet the criteria for equity classification under ASC 480 and ASC 815. Accordingly, the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants are classified as equity and are accounted for as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. March 2020 Registered Direct Offering On March 24, 2020, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with several institutional and accredited investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue, in a registered direct offering priced at the market, an aggregate of 10,550,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase 8,054,652 shares of common stock (the “RDO Pre-Funded Warrants”). The purchase price for each share of common stock was $0.43 , and the price for each pre-funded warrant was $0.4299 . The March 2020 Registered Direct Offering closed on March 26, 2020. At closing, the Company also issued to designees of H.C. Wainwright, as placement agent, warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 558,140 shares of common stock (the “RDO PA Warrants”) representing 3.0% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock sold and shares of common stock underlying the pre-funded warrants sold in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $7,225 after deducting fees and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $774 . Offering costs were netted against the offering proceeds and recorded to additional paid-in capital. The RDO Pre-Funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.0001 per share and continue in effect until such warrants are exercised in full. The RDO PA Warrants have an exercise price of $0.5375 per share and expire five years from the date of issuance. Through March 31, 2020, warrant holders exercised a total of 4,602,326 RDO Pre-Funded Warrants. As of March 31, 2020, there were 3,452,326 RDO Pre-Funded Warrants and 558,140 RDO PA Warrants outstanding. Placement agent warrants. The RDO PA Warrants contain substantially similar terms as the CMPO UW Warrants, including fundamental transaction settlement provisions. The Company conducted an assessment of the RDO PA Warrants for appropriate equity or liability classification pursuant to the Company’s accounting policy described in Note 1—Organization and Significant Accounting Policies. The Company reached the same determinations as described above for the CMPO UW Warrants, and the Company concluded that the RDO PA Warrants are freestanding equity-linked derivative instruments that meet the criteria for the own-equity scope exception to derivative accounting under ASC 815. Accordingly, the RDO PA Warrants are classified as equity and are accounted for as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. Pre-funded warrants . The RDO Pre-Funded Warrants contain substantially similar terms as the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants, including fundamental transaction settlement provisions that do not provide the warrant holders with the option to settle any unexercised warrants for cash in the event of any fundamental transactions; rather, in all fundamental transaction scenarios, the warrant holder will only be entitled to receive from the Company or any successor entity the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion) that is being offered and paid to the stockholders of the Company in connection with the fundamental transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, stock or any combination thereof. The Company conducted an assessment of the RDO Pre-Funded Warrants for appropriate equity or liability classification pursuant to the Company’s accounting policy described in Note 1—Organization and Significant Accounting Policies. The Company reached the same determinations as described above for the CMPO Pre-Funded Warrants, and the Company concluded that the RDO Pre-Funded Warrants are freestanding equity-linked financial instruments that meet the criteria for equity classification under ASC 480 and ASC 815. Accordingly, the RDO Pre-Funded Warrants are classified as equity and are accounted for as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. January 2018 Offering On January 9, 2018, the Company completed a public offering of its common stock and warrants pursuant to the Company’s effective shelf registration statement (the “January 2018 Offering”). The Company sold an aggregate of 10,000,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to 10,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a public offering price of $3.80 per share of common stock and accompanying warrant. The warrant exercise price is $4.66 per share and will expire four years from the date of issuance. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $35,194 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $2,806 . The warrants issued in connection with the January 2018 Offering are freestanding equity-linked derivative instruments that meet the criteria for the own-equity scope exception to derivative accounting under ASC 815. Accordingly, such warrants have been classified as equity and accounted for as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. Offering costs were netted against the offering proceeds and recorded to additional paid-in capital. Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement On August 30, 2019, the Company entered into the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital, which provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth therein, Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $25,000 of shares of the Company’s common stock at the Company’s request from time to time during the 30 -month term of the Purchase Agreement. Concurrently with entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a registration rights agreement with Aspire Capital (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), in which the Company agreed to file one or more registration statements, as permissible and necessary to register under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), registering the sale of the shares of the Company’s common stock that have been and may be issued to Aspire Capital under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. On September 16, 2019, the Company filed with the SEC, a prospectus to the effective Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-233632) registering 7,032,630 shares of common stock that have been and may be offered to Aspire Capital from time to time under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. Under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement, on any trading day selected by the Company, the Company has the right, in its sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a purchase notice (each, a “Purchase Notice”), directing Aspire Capital (as principal) to purchase up to 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock per business day, up to $25,000 of the Company’s common stock in the aggregate at a per share price (the “Purchase Price”) equal to the lesser of (i) the lowest sale price of the Company’s common stock on the purchase date, or (ii) the arithmetic average of the three (3) lowest closing sale prices for the Company’s common stock during the ten (10) consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately preceding the purchase date. The aggregate purchase price payable by Aspire Capital on any one purchase date may not exceed $500 . In addition, on any date on which the Company submits a Purchase Notice to Aspire Capital in an amount equal to 100,000 shares, the Company also has the right, in its sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a volume-weighted average price purchase notice (each, a “VWAP Purchase Notice”) directing Aspire Capital to purchase an amount of stock equal to up to 30% of the aggregate shares of the Company’s common stock traded on its principal market on the next trading day (the “VWAP Purchase Date”), subject to a maximum number of shares the Company may determine. The purchase price per share pursuant to such VWAP Purchase Notice is generally 97% of the volume-weighted average price for the Company’s common stock traded on its principal market on the VWAP Purchase Date. The Purchase Price will be adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, or other similar transaction occurring during the period(s) used to compute the Purchase Price. The Company may deliver multiple Purchase Notices and VWAP Purchase Notices to Aspire Capital from time to time during the term of the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement, so long as the most recent purchase has been completed. The Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement provides that the Company and Aspire Capital shall not effect any sales under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement on any purchase date where the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock is less than $0.25 . There are no trading volume requirements or restrictions under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement, and the Company will control the timing and amount of sales of the Company’s common stock to Aspire Capital. Aspire Capital has no right to require any sales by the Company, but is obligated to make purchases from the Company as directed by the Company in accordance with the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. There are no limitations on use of proceeds, financial or business covenants, restrictions on future financing transactions, rights of first refusal, participation rights, penalties or liquidated damages in the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. The Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement may be terminated by the Company at any time, at its discretion, without any penalty or additional cost to the Company. Aspire Capital has agreed that neither it nor any of its agents, representatives and affiliates shall engage in any direct or indirect short-selling or hedging of the Company’s common stock during any time prior to the termination of the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. Any proceeds the Company receives under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement are expected to be used for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement provides that the number of shares that may be sold pursuant to the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement will be limited to 5,211,339 shares (the “Exchange Cap”), which represents 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock on August 30, 2019, unless stockholder approval or an exception pursuant to the rules of the Nasdaq Global Market is obtained to issue more than 19.99% . This limitation will not apply if, at any time the Exchange Cap is reached and at all times thereafter, the average price paid for all shares issued under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement is equal to or greater than $2.17 , which was the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock immediately preceding the execution of the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. The Company is not required or permitted to issue any shares of common stock under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement if such issuance would breach its obligations under the rules or regulations of the Nasdaq Global Market. The Company may, in its sole discretion, determine whether to obtain stockholder approval to issue more than 19.99% of its outstanding shares of Common Stock hereunder if such issuance would require stockholder approval under the rules or regulations of the Nasdaq Global Market. In consideration for entering into the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement, concurrently with the execution of the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company issued to Aspire Capital 345,622 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Commitment Shares”). These Commitment Shares valued at $750 were recorded in August 2019 as non-cash costs of equity financing and charged against additional paid-in capital. As of March 31, 2020 , the Company has sold 1,000,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $1.19 per share under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement. In addition to the limitations noted above, pursuant to the securities purchase agreement relating to the March 26, 2020 Registered Direct Offering, the Company is prohibited from issuing additional securities in any variable rate transaction (as defined in the securities purchase agreement), including under the Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement for a period of one year , unless, following the 60th day of the date of the securities purchase agreement, the VWAP (as defined in the securities purchase agreement) is greater than the per share purchase price of the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering for five consecutive trading days. Common Stock The Company’s common stock has a par value of $0.0001 per share and consists of 200,000,000 authorized shares as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . There were 72,019,062 and 26,734,800 shares of voting common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , respectively. The Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows: March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Outstanding stock options (Note 10) 2,106,770 1,789,303 Warrants to purchase common stock issued in January 2018 Offering (Note 9) 10,000,000 10,000,000 Warrants to purchase common stock issued in March 2020 Public Offering (Note 9) 12,078,292 — Warrants to purchase common stock issued in March 2020 Registered Direct Offering (Note 9) 558,140 — Pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock issued in March 2020 Registered Direct Offering (Note 9) 3,452,326 — Outstanding stock appreciation rights (Note 10) 600,000 1,000,000 For possible future issuance under 2016 Stock Plan (Note 10) 441,663 388,463 29,237,191 13,177,766 Preferred Stock The Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides the Company’s board of directors with the authority to issue $0.0001 par value preferred stock from time to time in one or more series by adopting a resolution and filing a certificate of designations. Voting powers, designations, preferences, dividend rights, conversion rights and liquidation preferences shall be stated and expressed in such resolutions. There were 10,000,000 shares designated as preferred stock and no shares outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 .

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Share-Based Compensation	Share-Based Compensation 2016 Stock Plan During the three months ended March 31, 2020 , the Company continued to administer and grant awards under the 2016 Incentive Award Plan (the “2016 Plan”), the Company’s only active equity incentive plan. Certain of the Company’s outstanding and exercisable stock options remain subject to the terms of the Company’s 2008 Stock Plan (the “2008 Plan”), which is the predecessor to the 2016 Plan and became inactive upon adoption of the 2016 Plan effective September 20, 2016. On July 31, 2019, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2016 Plan (“the 2016 Plan Amendment”), to increase the number of shares reserved under the 2016 Plan by 1,000,000 and to increase the award limit on the maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be granted to any one person during any calendar year from 250,000 to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. All other material terms of the 2016 Plan otherwise remain unchanged. Stock Appreciation Rights On August 8, 2018 , the Company entered into an employment agreement with G. Kelly Martin (the “Martin Employment Agreement”). The Employment Agreement provided for 1,000,000 stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) (the “Martin SAR Award”) granted on a contingent basis that would have been irrevocably forfeited and voided in full if the Company had failed to obtain stockholder approval for the 2016 Plan Amendment. If such approval had not been obtained, the Company would have been required to pay Mr. Martin the cash equivalent of the value of the Martin SAR Award. Following stockholder approval of the 2016 Plan Amendment, the Martin SAR Award was no longer considered to be granted on a contingent basis. The Martin SAR Award entitled Mr. Martin to a payment (in cash, shares of common stock or a combination of both) equal to the fair market value of one share of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise less the exercise price of $3.80 per share. The SARs were to be deemed automatically exercised and settled as of February 1, 2020, provided Mr. Martin remained continuously employed with the Company through such date unless vesting was otherwise expressly accelerated pursuant to the Martin SAR Award. The Martin SAR Award vested in full on February 1, 2020. On February 1, 2020, the fair market value of the Company’s common stock was $0.52 per share, and as such, the Martin SAR Award expired unexercised and 1,000,000 shares became available to be granted under the 2016 Plan. Effective December 17, 2019, the Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Paula Brown Stafford (the “Amended and Restated Stafford Employment Agreement”). On January 6, 2020, following the release of top-line results of the Company’s Phase 3 molluscum clinical program as provided in the Amended and Restated Stafford Employment Agreement, 600,000 SARs were granted to Ms. Stafford with an exercise price of $0.82 per share (the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date) and with a ten year term (the “Stafford SAR Award”). The Stafford SAR Award was granted on a contingent basis and would have been considered irrevocably forfeited and voided in full if sufficient shares of the Company’s common stock were not available under the 2016 Plan or if the Company failed to obtain stockholder approval for amendments to the 2016 Plan at the next annual stockholders’ meeting to provide sufficient shares for the Stafford SAR Award. Such shares became available under the 2016 Plan on February 1, 2020, and the Stafford SAR Award was no longer considered granted on a contingent basis. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded employee share-based compensation expense related to both SAR awards, of $62 and $7 , respectively. Inducement Grants During the years ended 2019 and 2018, the Company awarded nonstatutory stock options to purchase shares of common stock to newly-hired employees, as inducements material to the individuals’ entering into employment with the Company within the meaning of Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4) (the “Inducement Grants”). On May 31, 2018, the Company awarded 100,500 Inducement Grants with an exercise price of $3.15 per share, and on September 6, 2019, the Company awarded 25,000 Inducement Grants with an exercise price of $2.62 per share. The Inducement Grants were awarded outside of the Company’s 2016 Plan, pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4), but have terms and conditions generally consistent with the Company’s 2016 Plan and vest over three years, subject to the employee’s continued service as an employee or consultant through the vesting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the 25,000 Inducement Grants related to the September 6, 2019 award were forfeited in their entirety. Stock Compensation Expense During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded employee share-based compensation expense of $272 and $214 , respectively. Total share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss is as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 2019 Research and development $ 208 $ 61 General and administrative 64 153 $ 272 $ 214 Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows: Shares Subject to Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Options outstanding as of December 31, 2019 1,789,303 $ 3.89 Options granted 383,000 0.47 Options forfeited (65,533 ) 2.71 Options exercised — — Options outstanding as of March 31, 2020 2,106,770 $ 3.30 7.86 $ 4 On February 13, 2020, the Company issued 383,000 stock options from the 2016 Plan, (the “Retention Grants”). These Retention Grants were issued to certain employees, vest quarterly and will be fully vested on December 31, 2020, provided that the grantee remains an employee or consultant to the Company as of each vesting date. As of March 31, 2020 , there were a total of 2,106,770 stock options outstanding, including 96,167 inducement grants. In addition, there were 441,663 shares available for future issuance under the 2016 Plan as of March 31, 2020 . Tangible Stockholder Return Plan Performance Plan On August 2, 2018, the Company’s board of directors approved and established the Tangible Stockholder Return Plan, which is a performance-based long-term incentive plan (the “Performance Plan”). The Performance Plan was effective immediately upon approval and expires on March 1, 2022 . The Performance Plan covers all employees, including the Company’s executive officers, consultants and other persons deemed eligible by the Company’s compensation committee. The core underlying metric of the Performance Plan is the achievement of two share price goals for the Company’s common stock, which if achieved, would represent measurable increases in stockholder value. The Performance Plan is tiered, with two separate tranches, each of which has a distinct share price target (measured as the average publicly traded share price of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq stock exchange for a 30 consecutive trading day period) that will, if achieved, trigger a distinct fixed bonus pool. The share price target for the first tranche and related bonus pool are $11.17 per share and $25,000 , respectively. The share price target for the second tranche and related bonus pool are $25.45 per share and $50,000 , respectively. The compensation committee has discretion to distribute the bonus pool related to each tranche among eligible participants by establishing individual minimum bonus amounts before, as well as by distributing the remainder of the applicable pool after, the achievement of each tranche specific share price target. Otherwise, if the Company does not achieve one or both related share price targets, as defined, no portion of the bonus pools will be paid. The Performance Plan provides for the distinct fixed bonus pools to be paid in the form of cash. However, the compensation committee has discretion to pay any bonus due under the Performance Plan in the form of cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof, provided that the Company’s stockholders have approved the reservation of shares of the Company’s common stock for such payment. The Performance Plan permits the compensation committee to make bonus awards subject to varying payment terms, including awards that vest and are payable immediately upon achieving an applicable share price target as well as awards that pay over an extended period (either with or without ongoing employment requirements). The Performance Plan contemplates that no bonus award payments will be delayed beyond 24 months for named executive officers or more than 12 months for all other participants. For purposes of determining whether a share price target has been met, the share price targets will be adjusted in the event of any stock splits, cash dividends, stock dividends, combinations, reorganizations, reclassifications or similar events. In the event of a change in control, as defined in the Performance Plan, during the term of the Performance Plan, a performance bonus pool will become due and payable to participants on a pro-rata basis, as calculated and determined by the compensation committee based on the Company’s progress toward the share price target as of the date of the change in control and subject to adjustment by the compensation committee as permitted under the Performance Plan. The Company has concluded that the Performance Plan is within the scope of ASC 718 , Compensation — Stock Compensation as the underlying plan obligations are based on the potential attainment of certain market share price targets of the Company’s common stock. Any awards under the Performance Plan would be payable, at the discretion of the Company’s compensation committee following the achievement of the applicable share price target, in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination thereof, provided that, prior to any payment in common stock, the Company’s stockholders have approved the reservation of shares of the Company’s common stock for such payment. ASC 718 requires that a liability-based award should be classified as a liability on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and the amount of compensation cost recognized should be based on the fair value of the liability. When a liability-based award includes both a service and market condition, the market condition is taken into account when determining the appropriate method to estimate fair value and the compensation cost is amortized over the estimated service period. Therefore, the liability associated with the Performance Plan obligation is recorded within other long-term liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets at the estimated fair value on the date of issuance and is re-valued each subsequent reporting period end. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense within operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, including adjustments to the fair value of the liability-based award, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The fair value of obligations under the Performance Plan are estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. The Company’s common stock price is simulated under the Geometric Brownian Motion framework under each simulation path. The other assumptions for the Monte Carlo simulation include the risk-free interest rate, estimated volatility and the expected term. Expected stock price volatility is based on the Company’s actual historical volatility over a historical period equal to the expected remaining life of the plan. The fair value of the underlying common stock is the published closing market price on the Nasdaq Global Market as of each reporting date, as adjusted for significant results, as necessary (if applicable). The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of valuation equal to the remaining expected life of the plan. The dividend yield percentage is zero because the Company does not currently pay dividends, nor does it intend to do so during the expected term of the plan. The expected life of bonus awards under the Performance Plan is assumed to be equivalent to the remaining contractual term based on the estimated service period including the service inception date of the plan participants and the contractual end of the Performance Plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded adjustments to the fair value of the Performance Plan obligation in share-based compensation expense of a reduction of $113 and an increase of $39 , respectively.

Tangible Stockholder Return Pla

Tangible Stockholder Return Plan	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Tangible Shareholder Return Plan	Share-Based Compensation 2016 Stock Plan During the three months ended March 31, 2020 , the Company continued to administer and grant awards under the 2016 Incentive Award Plan (the “2016 Plan”), the Company’s only active equity incentive plan. Certain of the Company’s outstanding and exercisable stock options remain subject to the terms of the Company’s 2008 Stock Plan (the “2008 Plan”), which is the predecessor to the 2016 Plan and became inactive upon adoption of the 2016 Plan effective September 20, 2016. On July 31, 2019, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2016 Plan (“the 2016 Plan Amendment”), to increase the number of shares reserved under the 2016 Plan by 1,000,000 and to increase the award limit on the maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be granted to any one person during any calendar year from 250,000 to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. All other material terms of the 2016 Plan otherwise remain unchanged. Stock Appreciation Rights On August 8, 2018 , the Company entered into an employment agreement with G. Kelly Martin (the “Martin Employment Agreement”). The Employment Agreement provided for 1,000,000 stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) (the “Martin SAR Award”) granted on a contingent basis that would have been irrevocably forfeited and voided in full if the Company had failed to obtain stockholder approval for the 2016 Plan Amendment. If such approval had not been obtained, the Company would have been required to pay Mr. Martin the cash equivalent of the value of the Martin SAR Award. Following stockholder approval of the 2016 Plan Amendment, the Martin SAR Award was no longer considered to be granted on a contingent basis. The Martin SAR Award entitled Mr. Martin to a payment (in cash, shares of common stock or a combination of both) equal to the fair market value of one share of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise less the exercise price of $3.80 per share. The SARs were to be deemed automatically exercised and settled as of February 1, 2020, provided Mr. Martin remained continuously employed with the Company through such date unless vesting was otherwise expressly accelerated pursuant to the Martin SAR Award. The Martin SAR Award vested in full on February 1, 2020. On February 1, 2020, the fair market value of the Company’s common stock was $0.52 per share, and as such, the Martin SAR Award expired unexercised and 1,000,000 shares became available to be granted under the 2016 Plan. Effective December 17, 2019, the Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Paula Brown Stafford (the “Amended and Restated Stafford Employment Agreement”). On January 6, 2020, following the release of top-line results of the Company’s Phase 3 molluscum clinical program as provided in the Amended and Restated Stafford Employment Agreement, 600,000 SARs were granted to Ms. Stafford with an exercise price of $0.82 per share (the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date) and with a ten year term (the “Stafford SAR Award”). The Stafford SAR Award was granted on a contingent basis and would have been considered irrevocably forfeited and voided in full if sufficient shares of the Company’s common stock were not available under the 2016 Plan or if the Company failed to obtain stockholder approval for amendments to the 2016 Plan at the next annual stockholders’ meeting to provide sufficient shares for the Stafford SAR Award. Such shares became available under the 2016 Plan on February 1, 2020, and the Stafford SAR Award was no longer considered granted on a contingent basis. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded employee share-based compensation expense related to both SAR awards, of $62 and $7 , respectively. Inducement Grants During the years ended 2019 and 2018, the Company awarded nonstatutory stock options to purchase shares of common stock to newly-hired employees, as inducements material to the individuals’ entering into employment with the Company within the meaning of Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4) (the “Inducement Grants”). On May 31, 2018, the Company awarded 100,500 Inducement Grants with an exercise price of $3.15 per share, and on September 6, 2019, the Company awarded 25,000 Inducement Grants with an exercise price of $2.62 per share. The Inducement Grants were awarded outside of the Company’s 2016 Plan, pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4), but have terms and conditions generally consistent with the Company’s 2016 Plan and vest over three years, subject to the employee’s continued service as an employee or consultant through the vesting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the 25,000 Inducement Grants related to the September 6, 2019 award were forfeited in their entirety. Stock Compensation Expense During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded employee share-based compensation expense of $272 and $214 , respectively. Total share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss is as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 2019 Research and development $ 208 $ 61 General and administrative 64 153 $ 272 $ 214 Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows: Shares Subject to Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Options outstanding as of December 31, 2019 1,789,303 $ 3.89 Options granted 383,000 0.47 Options forfeited (65,533 ) 2.71 Options exercised — — Options outstanding as of March 31, 2020 2,106,770 $ 3.30 7.86 $ 4 On February 13, 2020, the Company issued 383,000 stock options from the 2016 Plan, (the “Retention Grants”). These Retention Grants were issued to certain employees, vest quarterly and will be fully vested on December 31, 2020, provided that the grantee remains an employee or consultant to the Company as of each vesting date. As of March 31, 2020 , there were a total of 2,106,770 stock options outstanding, including 96,167 inducement grants. In addition, there were 441,663 shares available for future issuance under the 2016 Plan as of March 31, 2020 . Tangible Stockholder Return Plan Performance Plan On August 2, 2018, the Company’s board of directors approved and established the Tangible Stockholder Return Plan, which is a performance-based long-term incentive plan (the “Performance Plan”). The Performance Plan was effective immediately upon approval and expires on March 1, 2022 . The Performance Plan covers all employees, including the Company’s executive officers, consultants and other persons deemed eligible by the Company’s compensation committee. The core underlying metric of the Performance Plan is the achievement of two share price goals for the Company’s common stock, which if achieved, would represent measurable increases in stockholder value. The Performance Plan is tiered, with two separate tranches, each of which has a distinct share price target (measured as the average publicly traded share price of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq stock exchange for a 30 consecutive trading day period) that will, if achieved, trigger a distinct fixed bonus pool. The share price target for the first tranche and related bonus pool are $11.17 per share and $25,000 , respectively. The share price target for the second tranche and related bonus pool are $25.45 per share and $50,000 , respectively. The compensation committee has discretion to distribute the bonus pool related to each tranche among eligible participants by establishing individual minimum bonus amounts before, as well as by distributing the remainder of the applicable pool after, the achievement of each tranche specific share price target. Otherwise, if the Company does not achieve one or both related share price targets, as defined, no portion of the bonus pools will be paid. The Performance Plan provides for the distinct fixed bonus pools to be paid in the form of cash. However, the compensation committee has discretion to pay any bonus due under the Performance Plan in the form of cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof, provided that the Company’s stockholders have approved the reservation of shares of the Company’s common stock for such payment. The Performance Plan permits the compensation committee to make bonus awards subject to varying payment terms, including awards that vest and are payable immediately upon achieving an applicable share price target as well as awards that pay over an extended period (either with or without ongoing employment requirements). The Performance Plan contemplates that no bonus award payments will be delayed beyond 24 months for named executive officers or more than 12 months for all other participants. For purposes of determining whether a share price target has been met, the share price targets will be adjusted in the event of any stock splits, cash dividends, stock dividends, combinations, reorganizations, reclassifications or similar events. In the event of a change in control, as defined in the Performance Plan, during the term of the Performance Plan, a performance bonus pool will become due and payable to participants on a pro-rata basis, as calculated and determined by the compensation committee based on the Company’s progress toward the share price target as of the date of the change in control and subject to adjustment by the compensation committee as permitted under the Performance Plan. The Company has concluded that the Performance Plan is within the scope of ASC 718 , Compensation — Stock Compensation as the underlying plan obligations are based on the potential attainment of certain market share price targets of the Company’s common stock. Any awards under the Performance Plan would be payable, at the discretion of the Company’s compensation committee following the achievement of the applicable share price target, in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination thereof, provided that, prior to any payment in common stock, the Company’s stockholders have approved the reservation of shares of the Company’s common stock for such payment. ASC 718 requires that a liability-based award should be classified as a liability on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and the amount of compensation cost recognized should be based on the fair value of the liability. When a liability-based award includes both a service and market condition, the market condition is taken into account when determining the appropriate method to estimate fair value and the compensation cost is amortized over the estimated service period. Therefore, the liability associated with the Performance Plan obligation is recorded within other long-term liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets at the estimated fair value on the date of issuance and is re-valued each subsequent reporting period end. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense within operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, including adjustments to the fair value of the liability-based award, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The fair value of obligations under the Performance Plan are estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. The Company’s common stock price is simulated under the Geometric Brownian Motion framework under each simulation path. The other assumptions for the Monte Carlo simulation include the risk-free interest rate, estimated volatility and the expected term. Expected stock price volatility is based on the Company’s actual historical volatility over a historical period equal to the expected remaining life of the plan. The fair value of the underlying common stock is the published closing market price on the Nasdaq Global Market as of each reporting date, as adjusted for significant results, as necessary (if applicable). The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of valuation equal to the remaining expected life of the plan. The dividend yield percentage is zero because the Company does not currently pay dividends, nor does it intend to do so during the expected term of the plan. The expected life of bonus awards under the Performance Plan is assumed to be equivalent to the remaining contractual term based on the estimated service period including the service inception date of the plan participants and the contractual end of the Performance Plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded adjustments to the fair value of the Performance Plan obligation in share-based compensation expense of a reduction of $113 and an increase of $39 , respectively.

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	Related Party Transactions Members of the Company’s board of directors held 1,104,776 and 1,002,776 shares of the Company’s common stock as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , respectively. Health Decisions On October 25, 2018, the Company announced the formation of a dedicated women’s health business unit as well as a foundational collaboration with Health Decisions, Inc. (“Health Decisions”). Health Decisions is a full-service contract research organization specializing in clinical studies of therapeutics for women’s health indications. The Company’s women’s health business unit is led by Paula Brown Stafford, who also is a shareholder and serves on the board of directors of Health Decisions. Reedy Creek Reedy Creek beneficially owns approximately 5% of the Company’s outstanding common stock and approximately 3.9 million warrants, all of which was acquired during the Company’s January 2018 Offering. Accordingly, Reedy Creek is a related party of the Company. The purchase agreement with Reedy Creek, described in Note 6— Research and Development Arrangements , was evaluated and approved pursuant to the Company’s existing related party transactions policy. 2020 Registered Direct Offering Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund, Ltd. (“Sabby”), a greater than 5% stockholder, purchased 6,200,000 shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 2,602,326 shares of common stock for approximately $3,800 in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering described in Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit). Sabby’s participation in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering was evaluated and approved pursuant to the Company’s existing related party transactions policy. Joseph Moglia, a greater than 5% stockholder, purchased 1,000,000 shares of common stock for $430 in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering described in Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit). Mr. Moglia’s participation in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering was evaluated and approved pursuant to the Company’s existing related party transactions policy.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events Exercise of Outstanding Registered Direct Offering Pre-Funded Warrants As of April 21, 2020, the remaining 3,452,326 RDO Pre-Funded Warrants had been exercised in full, such that there were no more RDO Pre-Funded Warrants outstanding as of such date. See Note 9—Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for further information regarding the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering. Paycheck Protection Program On April 22, 2020, the Company entered into a promissory note (the “Note”) evidencing an unsecured loan in the amount of approximately $956 made to the Company (the “Loan”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”). The PPP was established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). The Loan to the Company was made through PNC Bank, National Association. Subject to the terms of the Note, the Loan bears interest at a fixed rate of one percent ( 1% ) per annum, with the first six months of interest deferred. Principal and interest are payable monthly commencing on the first day of the next month after the expiration of the initial six -month deferment period and may be prepaid by the Company at any time prior to maturity without penalty. Under the terms of the CARES Act, PPP loan recipients can apply for and be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of loans granted under the PPP, with such forgiveness to be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of loan proceeds for payment of permitted and eligible payroll costs, mortgage interest, rent and utilities. Interest payable on the Note may be forgiven only if the SBA agrees to pay such interest on the forgiven principal amount of the Note. No assurance is provided that the Company will obtain forgiveness of the Loan in whole or in part. The Company will be obligated to repay any portion of the principal amount of the Note that is not forgiven, together with interest accrued and accruing thereon at the rate set forth above, until such unforgiven portion is paid in full.

Organization and Significant _2

Organization and Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation and Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The December 31, 2019 year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Additionally, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm report for the December 31, 2019 financial statements included an explanatory paragraph indicating that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the related footnote disclosures are unaudited. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial information. The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting of adjustments of a normal, recurring nature and the impact of the Company’s restatement of its consolidated financial statements for the Affected Periods (as defined below)) that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position and its results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or any future period. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2019 set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as amended, filed with the SEC as discussed below. Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements On May 14, 2020, the Company revised its prior position on accounting for warrants and concluded that its previously issued consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018, and all quarterly periods of 2019 and 2018 (the “Affected Periods”) should not be relied upon because of a misapplication in the guidance on warrant accounting. On May 20, 2020, the Company restated its consolidated financial statements for all Affected Periods in its Annual Report on Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. As such, the comparative information provided for the three months ended March 31, 2019 contained in the preceding condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying footnotes reflect these previously restated amounts.
Basis of Consolidation	Basis of Consolidation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Liquidity and Ability to Continue as a Going Concern	Liquidity and Ability to Continue as a Going Concern The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from uncertainty related to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has evaluated principal conditions and events that may raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date that these financial statements are issued. The Company identified the following conditions: • The Company has reported a net loss in all fiscal periods since inception and, as of March 31, 2020 , the Company had an accumulated deficit of $ 226,151 . • As described below, in March 2020 the Company completed a public offering of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock in lieu thereof) and common warrants to purchase common stock pursuant to the Company’s then effective shelf registration statement (the “March 2020 Public Offering”). Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $5,158 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $791 . The Company has also received proceeds from the exercises of common warrants issued in the March 2020 Public Offering of approximately $2,880 through March 31, 2020. • Also described below, in March 2020 the Company completed a registered direct offering of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock in lieu thereof) pursuant to the Company’s then effective shelf registration statement (the “March 2020 Registered Direct Offering”). Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $7,225 after deducting fees and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $774 . • As of March 31, 2020 , the Company had a total cash and cash equivalents balance of $21,785 . • The Company has concluded that the prevailing conditions and ongoing liquidity risks faced by the Company raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents balance, including (i) the net proceeds of approximately $15,263 related to the March 2020 offerings and related warrant exercises, and (ii) expected contractual payments to be received in connection with existing licensing agreements, will provide it with adequate liquidity to fund its operating needs into the second half of 2021, excluding costs associated with the execution of the Company’s late-stage clinical development programs, which will require additional funding or strategic partnering in order to complete. Specifically, this operating forecast and related cash projection excludes the potential costs associated with an additional confirmatory Phase 3 trial for SB206 as a treatment for molluscum beyond the initial start-up phase, along with any other new clinical stage development programs. Further advancement of the additional confirmatory Phase 3 trial for molluscum beyond the trial start-up phase and into the enrollment initiation phase, or advancement of any other late-stage clinical development program across our platform, is subject to additional funding or strategic partnering, and has been and may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. If the Company is unable to secure the additional capital necessary to advance its late-stage clinical development programs, including funding necessary to complete an additional confirmatory Phase 3 trial for SB206, the Company expects that it would align its operations accordingly to support conduct of its early stage research and development programs, while also continuing to evaluate strategic alternatives. The failure of the Company to obtain additional funding on acceptable terms could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and cause the Company to alter or reduce its planned operating activities, including but not limited to delaying, reducing, terminating or eliminating planned product candidate development activities, to conserve its cash and cash equivalents. The Company needs and intends to secure additional capital from non-dilutive sources, including partnerships, collaborations, licensing, grants or other strategic relationships, or through equity or debt financings. Any issuance of equity or debt that could be convertible into equity would result in significant dilution to our existing stockholders. Alternatively, the Company may seek to engage in one or more potential transactions, such as the sale of the Company, or sale or divestiture of some of its assets, such as a sale of its dermatology platform assets, but there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into such a transaction or transactions on a timely basis or at all on terms that are favorable to the Company. Under these circumstances, the Company may instead determine to dissolve and liquidate its assets or seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. If the Company decides to dissolve and liquidate its assets or to seek protection under the bankruptcy laws, it is unclear to what extent the Company will be able to pay its obligations, and, accordingly, it is further unclear whether and to what extent any resources will be available for distributions to stockholders.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Classification of Warrants Issued in Connection with Offerings of Common Stock	Classification of Warrants Issued in Connection with Offerings of Common Stock The Company accounts for common stock warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock and whether the warrant holders could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and remeasured each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of liability-classified warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Restricted Cash	Restricted Cash Restricted cash as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 includes funds maintained in a separate deposit account to secure a letter of credit for the benefit of the lessor of facility space leased by the Company.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for an amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Basic shares outstanding includes the weighted average effect of the Company’s outstanding pre-funded warrants, the exercise of which requires little or no consideration for the delivery of shares of common stock. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share, since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive for all periods presented.
Segment and Geographic Information	Segment and Geographic Information The Company has determined that it operates in one segment. The Company uses its nitric oxide-based technology to develop product candidates. The Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company’s chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information on an aggregate basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The Company has only had limited revenue since its inception, but substantially all revenue was derived from licensing agreements originating in the United States. All of the Company’s long-lived assets are maintained in the United States.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards	Recently Issued Accounting Standards Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-13 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This guidance is intended to improve the effectiveness of disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. The new standard modifies certain disclosure requirements and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. This ASU was effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17 Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities. This guidance is intended to improve the accounting for variable interest entities and whether the entity should be consolidated. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. This ASU was effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-18 Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 . This guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice and clarify the interaction between Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements , and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . This ASU provided guidance on whether certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for with revenue under Topic 606. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. This ASU was effective for the Company as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Accounting Pronouncements Being Evaluated In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This guidance is intended to improve consistent application and simplify the accounting for income taxes. This ASU removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amends existing guidance. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU and does not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Leases	Pursuant to the Company’s accounting policy and applicable guidance in ASC 842, Leases, the Company assesses all arrangements that convey the right to control the use of property, plant and equipment, at inception, to determine if each such arrangement is, or contains, a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present in that arrangement. For those leases identified, the Company determines the lease classification, recognition, and measurement at the lease commencement date. For arrangements that contain a lease the Company: (i) identifies lease and non-lease components; (ii) determines the consideration in the contract; (iii) determines whether the lease is an operating or financing lease; and (iv) recognizes lease Right of Use (“ROU”) assets and corresponding lease liabilities. Lease liabilities are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. The corresponding ROU asset is measured from the initial lease liability, adjusted by (i) accrued or prepaid rents; (ii) remaining unamortized initial direct costs and lease incentives; and (iii) any impairments of the ROU asset. The Company separates lease components (fixed rent payments) from non-lease components (common-area maintenance costs) on its real estate assets. Fixed lease payments on operating leases are recognized over the expected term of the lease on a straight-line basis. Variable lease expenses that are not considered fixed are expensed as incurred. Fixed and variable lease expense on operating leases is recognized within operating expenses within the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not recognize an ROU asset or corresponding liability for lease arrangements with an original term of 12 months or less. The interest rate implicit in the Company’s lease contracts is typically not readily determinable and as such, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date, which represents an internally developed rate that would be incurred to borrow, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.
Share-based Compensation	ASC 718 requires that a liability-based award should be classified as a liability on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and the amount of compensation cost recognized should be based on the fair value of the liability. When a liability-based award includes both a service and market condition, the market condition is taken into account when determining the appropriate method to estimate fair value and the compensation cost is amortized over the estimated service period. Therefore, the liability associated with the Performance Plan obligation is recorded within other long-term liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets at the estimated fair value on the date of issuance and is re-valued each subsequent reporting period end. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense within operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, including adjustments to the fair value of the liability-based award, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The fair value of obligations under the Performance Plan are estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. The Company’s common stock price is simulated under the Geometric Brownian Motion framework under each simulation path. The other assumptions for the Monte Carlo simulation include the risk-free interest rate, estimated volatility and the expected term. Expected stock price volatility is based on the Company’s actual historical volatility over a historical period equal to the expected remaining life of the plan. The fair value of the underlying common stock is the published closing market price on the Nasdaq Global Market as of each reporting date, as adjusted for significant results, as necessary (if applicable). The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of valuation equal to the remaining expected life of the plan. The dividend yield percentage is zero because the Company does not currently pay dividends, nor does it intend to do so during the expected term of the plan. The expected life of bonus awards under the Performance Plan is assumed to be equivalent to the remaining contractual term based on the estimated service period including the service inception date of the plan participants and the contractual end of the Performance Plan.

Organization and Significant _3

Organization and Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Anti-dilutive Securities Excluded from Calculation of Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding	The following securities, presented on a common stock equivalent basis, have been excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 because the effect is anti-dilutive due to the net loss reported in each of those periods. All share amounts presented in the table below represent the total number outstanding as of the end of each period. March 31, 2020 2019 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with January 2018 public offering (Note 9) 10,000,000 10,000,000 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with March 2020 public offering (Note 9) 12,078,292 — Warrants to purchase common stock associated with March 2020 registered direct offering (Note 9) 558,140 — Stock options outstanding under the 2008 and 2016 Plans (Note 10) 2,010,603 1,544,857 Stock appreciation rights outstanding under the 2016 Plan (Note 10) 600,000 — Inducement options outstanding (Note 10) 96,167 100,500

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Schedule of Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities	The following table presents the Company’s contract assets and contract liabilities balances for the periods indicated. Contract Asset Contract Liability Net Deferred Revenue December 31, 2019 $ 8,974 $ 20,478 $ 11,504 March 31, 2020 $ 8,895 $ 19,256 $ 10,361 Short-term Deferred Revenue Long-term Deferred Revenue Net Deferred Revenue December 31, 2019 $ 4,428 $ 7,076 $ 11,504 March 31, 2020 $ 4,401 $ 5,960 $ 10,361

Property and Equipment, Net (Ta

Property and Equipment, Net (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Components of Property and Equipment	Property and equipment consisted of the following: March 31, December 31, Computer equipment $ 575 $ 575 Furniture and fixtures 305 305 Laboratory equipment 8,077 7,898 Office equipment 339 339 Leasehold improvements 7,053 7,068 Property and equipment, gross 16,349 16,185 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,118 ) (5,679 ) Total property and equipment, net $ 10,231 $ 10,506

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Reserved Shares of Common Stock for Future Issuance	The Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows: March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Outstanding stock options (Note 10) 2,106,770 1,789,303 Warrants to purchase common stock issued in January 2018 Offering (Note 9) 10,000,000 10,000,000 Warrants to purchase common stock issued in March 2020 Public Offering (Note 9) 12,078,292 — Warrants to purchase common stock issued in March 2020 Registered Direct Offering (Note 9) 558,140 — Pre-funded warrants to purchase common stock issued in March 2020 Registered Direct Offering (Note 9) 3,452,326 — Outstanding stock appreciation rights (Note 10) 600,000 1,000,000 For possible future issuance under 2016 Stock Plan (Note 10) 441,663 388,463 29,237,191 13,177,766

Share-Based Compensation (Table

Share-Based Compensation (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Schedule of Share-based Compensation Expenses	Total share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss is as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 2019 Research and development $ 208 $ 61 General and administrative 64 153 $ 272 $ 214
Summary of Stock Option Activity	Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 is as follows: Shares Subject to Outstanding Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Options outstanding as of December 31, 2019 1,789,303 $ 3.89 Options granted 383,000 0.47 Options forfeited (65,533 ) 2.71 Options exercised — — Options outstanding as of March 31, 2020 2,106,770 $ 3.30 7.86 $ 4

Organization and Significant _4

Organization and Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 26, 2020USD ($)shares	Mar. 03, 2020USD ($)shares	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)segmentshares	Mar. 31, 2019USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Accumulated deficit | $			$ 226,151	$ 226,151		$ 219,984
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions | $				12,577	$ 0
Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants | $				2,880	0
Cash and cash equivalents | $			21,785	$ 21,785	$ 6,077	$ 13,711
Common stock issued during period (in shares) | shares	10,550,000	14,000,000
Period of option to purchase additional shares		30 days
Common stock, maximum additional shares available for purchase (in shares) | shares		2,750,000
Maximum additional number of common warrants available for purchase (in shares) | shares		2,750,000
Percentage of common stock sold related to warrants issued	3.00%	3.00%
Number of segment | segment				1
Percentage of total revenue generated from Japan licensing partner				84.00%	100.00%
Common Stock
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares) | shares		1,498,602
License and collaboration revenue
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Revenue | $				$ 1,024	$ 1,100
License and collaboration revenue | Amended Sato Agreement
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Revenue | $				1,024	$ 1,100
Underwriter Warrant
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares) | shares		594,958
Pre Funded Warrant
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares) | shares	8,054,652	4,333,334
Common Warrant
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares) | shares		2,750,000
Common Warrant | Maximum
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares) | shares		18,333,334
Placement Agent Warrant | Maximum
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares) | shares	558,140
March 2020 Public Offering
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions | $		$ 5,158
Underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses | $		$ 791
March 2020 Public Offering | Pre Funded Warrant
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants | $				$ 2,880
Public Offering | Pre Funded Warrant | Common Stock
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares) | shares				15,498,602
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions | $	$ 7,225
Underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses | $	$ 774
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | Pre Funded Warrant | Common Stock
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares) | shares				10,550,000
Common Stock Purchase Agreement | Common Stock
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares) | shares				700,000
March 2020 Offerings
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Net proceeds from March 2020 offerings and related warrant exercises | $			$ 15,263

Organization and Significant _5

Organization and Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Anti-dilutive Securities Excluded from Calculation of Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Stock Options | 2008 Stock Plan and 2016 Stock Plan
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	2,010,603	1,544,857
Stock Options | Inducement Options Outstanding
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	96,167	100,500
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) | 2016 Stock Plan
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	600,000	0
January 2018 Public Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
March 2020 Public Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	12,078,292	0
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	558,140	0

KNOW Bio, LLC (Details)

KNOW Bio, LLC (Details)	Oct. 13, 2017USD ($)oncovirus	Dec. 29, 2015	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2019USD ($)	Dec. 30, 2015
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Milestone and royalty payments			$ 0	$ 0
KNOW Bio
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Percentage of outstanding member interests of KNOW Bio distributed to stockholders					100.00%
Written notice to terminate, period			90 days
Option term for development and commercialization of products	3 years
Right to sublicense, term		3 years
Upfront license agreement payment due upon execution	$ 250,000
KNOW Bio | Maximum
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Number of other specified oncoviruses | oncovirus	4

Research and Development Lice_2

Research and Development Licenses (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2020	Jun. 27, 2012
Licensing Agreements
Research And Development Licenses [Line Items]
Accrual for future payments	$ 0
UNC License Agreement
Research And Development Licenses [Line Items]
Potential regulatory and commercial milestones payable under agreement		$ 425,000

Licensing Arrangements (Details

Licensing Arrangements (Details) - Amended Sato Agreement	Nov. 07, 2019JPY (¥)	Nov. 07, 2019USD ($)	Mar. 14, 2019JPY (¥)	Mar. 14, 2019USD ($)	Oct. 23, 2018JPY (¥)	Oct. 23, 2018USD ($)	Oct. 05, 2018USD ($)	Jan. 19, 2017JPY (¥)	Jan. 19, 2017USD ($)	Jan. 12, 2017JPY (¥)	Jan. 12, 2017USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019JPY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Sep. 13, 2019JPY (¥)	Feb. 14, 2019JPY (¥)	Oct. 05, 2018JPY (¥)	Jan. 12, 2017USD ($)
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Upfront payment receivable																	¥ 1,250,000,000
Upfront payment installments															¥ 500,000,000	¥ 500,000,000	250,000,000
Payment received under license agreement	¥ 500,000,000	$ 4,554,000	¥ 500,000,000	$ 4,460,000	¥ 250,000,000	$ 2,224,000		¥ 1,250,000,000	$ 10,813,000	¥ 1,250,000,000	$ 10,813,000
Aggregate development and regulatory milestone payments potentially receivable under license agreement										2,750,000,000							1,750,000,000
Aggregate Phase 1 trial milestone payment term under license agreement										250,000,000			¥ 250,000,000	$ 2,162,000				$ 2,162,000
Aggregate becoming payable upon earlier of specified future dates or achievement of milestone events																	1,000,000,000
Aggregate commercial milestone payments potentially receivable under license agreement										¥ 900,000,000							¥ 3,900,000,000
License agreement additional term												2 years
Maximum preclinical studies amount | $											$ 1,000,000
Written notice to terminate, period										120 days	120 days
Written notice to terminate due to material breach, term										60 days	60 days
Upfront fee refundable in event of termination | $							$ 0

Revenue Recognition - Additiona

Revenue Recognition - Additional Information (Details)	Nov. 07, 2019JPY (¥)	Nov. 07, 2019USD ($)	Mar. 14, 2019JPY (¥)	Mar. 14, 2019USD ($)	Oct. 23, 2018JPY (¥)	Oct. 23, 2018USD ($)	Jan. 19, 2017JPY (¥)	Jan. 19, 2017USD ($)	Jan. 12, 2017JPY (¥)	Jan. 12, 2017USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2019USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2020USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019JPY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019USD ($)	Sep. 13, 2019JPY (¥)	Aug. 30, 2019USD ($)	Feb. 14, 2019JPY (¥)	Oct. 05, 2018JPY (¥)	Jan. 12, 2017USD ($)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Performance obligations under long-term contracts unsatisfied											$ 10,361,000
Total revenue											1,213,000	$ 1,100,000
License and collaboration revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue											1,024,000	1,100,000
Government research contracts and grants revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue											189,000	0
Amended Sato Agreement
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Maximum preclinical studies amount										$ 1,000,000
Payment received under license agreement	¥ 500,000,000	$ 4,554,000	¥ 500,000,000	$ 4,460,000	¥ 250,000,000	$ 2,224,000	¥ 1,250,000,000	$ 10,813,000	¥ 1,250,000,000	$ 10,813,000
Milestone payment received following initiation of Phase 1 trial									250,000,000					¥ 250,000,000	$ 2,162,000						$ 2,162,000
Upfront payment receivable | ¥																				¥ 1,250,000,000
Upfront payment installments | ¥																	¥ 500,000,000		¥ 500,000,000	250,000,000
Aggregate becoming payable upon earlier of specified future dates or achievement of milestone events | ¥																				1,000,000,000
Potential future sales-based milestone payments | ¥									¥ 900,000,000											¥ 3,900,000,000
Amended Sato Agreement | License and collaboration revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue											1,024,000	$ 1,100,000
National Institutes of Health
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Amount awarded from government grant													$ 997,000			$ 1,113,000		$ 223,000
National Institutes of Health | Phase 1 Grant
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue											24,000
National Institutes of Health | Phase 2 Grant
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue											0
U.S. Department of Defense | Government research contracts and grants revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue											$ 165,000

Revenue Recognition - Schedule

Revenue Recognition - Schedule of Contract Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract asset	$ 8,895	$ 8,974
Contract liability, gross	19,256	20,478
Net deferred revenue	10,361	11,504
Deferred revenue, current portion	4,401	4,428
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$ 5,960	$ 7,076

Revenue Recognition - Performan

Revenue Recognition - Performance Obligations, Expected Timing of Satisfaction (Details)	Mar. 31, 2020	Oct. 04, 2018
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue remaining performance obligation percentage	23.00%
Estimated performance period	12 months
Amended Sato Agreement | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2017-02-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Estimated performance period	7 years 6 months	5 years

Research and Development Arra_2

Research and Development Arrangements (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Jan. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	May 04, 2019	Apr. 29, 2019
Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Immediate funding				$ 12,000,000
Potential regulatory and commercial milestones payable under agreement				$ 20,000,000
Minimum | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Tiered royalties, percentage				7.00%
Maximum | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Tiered royalties, percentage				10.00%
SB206
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Restricted cash related to Funding Agreement	$ 0		$ 0
SB206 | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Research and development contra expense	$ (1,513,000)
Restricted Cash | SB206 | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Immediate funding				$ 12,000,000
Reedy Creek Investments LLC
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Immediate funding					$ 25,000,000
Additional funding potentially receivable					$ 10,000,000
Royalty and milestone agreement funding, amount not expected to be received		$ 10,000
Initial percentage of fees and milestone to determine quarterly payments per agreement					25.00%
Reedy Creek Investments LLC | Novan, Inc.
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Beneficial ownership percentage	5.00%
Reedy Creek Investments LLC | SB206
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Percentage used to determine ongoing quarterly payments per agreement					10.00%
Reedy Creek Investments LLC | SB204 And SB414
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Percentage used to determine ongoing quarterly payments per agreement					20.00%
Reedy Creek Investments LLC | Cash and Cash Equivalents
Collaborative Arrangements Transactions [Line Items]
Immediate funding					$ 25,000,000

Property and Equipment, Net - C

Property and Equipment, Net - Components of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 16,349	$ 16,185
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(6,118)	(5,679)
Total property and equipment, net	10,231	10,506
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	575	575
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	305	305
Laboratory equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	8,077	7,898
Office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	339	339
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 7,053	$ 7,068

Property and Equipment, Net - A

Property and Equipment, Net - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 495	$ 503

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) ft² in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2019USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)officer	Aug. 31, 2015ft²
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Weighted average discount rate, operating lease liabilities	9.85%
Weighed average remaining lease term, operating leases	6 years 3 months
Rentable square feet of facility space | ft²				51,000
Optional term of extending lease agreement				5 years
Current contractual base rent payments per month	$ 95
Percentage of increase in annual rental payments	3.00%
Rent expense associated with primary facility lease (Topic 842)	$ 224	$ 157
February 2020 Restructuring
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued severance costs	50
Employee severance costs expensed	59
Two Former Officers
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Number of former officers | officer			2
Severance expenses	$ 0	$ 878
Accrued severance costs			$ 33

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit_2

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - Schedule of Reserved Shares of Common Stock for Future Issuance (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	29,237,191	13,177,766
2016 Stock Plan
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	441,663	388,463
Outstanding stock options
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	2,106,770	1,789,303
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	600,000	1,000,000
January 2018 Public Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
March 2020 Public Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	12,078,292	0
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	558,140	0
Pre Funded Warrant | March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)	3,452,326	0

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit_3

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 26, 2020	Mar. 03, 2020	Aug. 30, 2019	Jan. 09, 2018	Mar. 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2020	Feb. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 16, 2019	Aug. 29, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Capital stock, shares authorized (in shares)					210,000,000		210,000,000		210,000,000
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)					200,000,000		200,000,000		200,000,000		200,000,000
Common stock, par value (in USD per share)					$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)					10,000,000		10,000,000		10,000,000		10,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in USD per share)					$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001
Common stock issued during period (in shares)	10,550,000	14,000,000
Period of option to purchase additional shares		30 days
Common stock, maximum additional shares available for purchase (in shares)		2,750,000
Maximum additional number of common warrants available for purchase (in shares)		2,750,000
Percentage of common stock sold related to warrants issued	3.00%	3.00%
Warrants expiration period				4 years
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions							$ 12,577,000	$ 0
Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants							$ 2,880,000	$ 0
Closing sale price of common stock immediately preceding execution of common stock purchase agreement (in usd per share)										$ 0.52
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)					72,019,062		72,019,062		72,019,062		26,734,800
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)					0		0		0		0
Sale of Stock, Period Of Prohibited Additional Issuances	1 year
Sale Of Stock, Conditional Period Of Additional Issuance	5 days
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions	$ 7,225,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses	$ 774,000
January 2018 Public Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)				10,000,000
Price per share (in USD per share)				$ 3.8
Warrant exercise price (in USD per share)				$ 4.66
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions				$ 35,194,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses				$ 2,806,000
March 2020 Public Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions		$ 5,158,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses		$ 791,000
Aspire Capital | Common Stock Purchase Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)									1,000,000
Maximum value of shares of common stock authorized to be sold			$ 25,000,000
Common stock purchase agreement term						30 months
Common stock registered (in shares)												7,032,630
Maximum shares to be purchased with purchase notice per business day (in shares)			100,000
Maximum aggregate purchase price payable on one purchase date			$ 500,000
Number of shares submitted via purchase notice to trigger a VWAP purchase notice (in shares)			100,000
Maximum percentage of common stock traded on trading day to be purchased			30.00%
Purchase price per share pursuant to VWAP purchase notice as a percentage of VWAP for common stock			97.00%
Minimum closing sale price to effect purchase of shares (in usd per share)			$ 0.25
Maximum number of shares that may be sold under agreement (in shares)			5,211,339
Percentage of common stock on date of purchase agreement that cannot be exceeded			19.99%
Closing sale price of common stock immediately preceding execution of common stock purchase agreement (in usd per share)													$ 2.17
Shares of common stock issued for commitment fee (in shares)						345,622
Value of commitment fee shares issued							$ 750,000
Average sales price per share of common stock (in usd per share)									$ 1.19
Maximum | January 2018 Public Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)				10,000,000
Pre Funded Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)	8,054,652	4,333,334
Price per share (in USD per share)	$ 0.4299
Warrant exercise price (in USD per share)	0.0001	$ 0.0001
Warrant exercise limitation, maximum beneficial ownership percentage, current		4.99%
Warrant exercise limitation, maximum beneficial ownership percentage, if elected by holder		9.99%
Pre Funded Warrant | March 2020 Registered Direct Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants exercised during period (in shares)					4,602,326
Warrants owned (in shares)					3,452,326		3,452,326		3,452,326
Pre Funded Warrant | March 2020 Public Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants exercised during period (in shares)					4,333,334
Warrants owned (in shares)					0		0		0
Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants							$ 2,880,000
Common Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)		2,750,000
Warrant exercise price (in USD per share)		$ 0.3
Warrants expiration period		5 years
Warrants exercised during period (in shares)					9,600,000
Warrants owned (in shares)					11,483,334		11,483,334		11,483,334
Common Warrant | Maximum
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)		18,333,334
Pre Funded and Common Stock Warrants
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Price per share (in USD per share)		$ 0.2999
Underwriter Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)		594,958
Warrant exercise price (in USD per share)		$ 0.375
Warrants expiration period		5 years
Warrants owned (in shares)					594,958		594,958		594,958
Common and Underwriter Warrants
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Fundamental transaction common stock acquired threshold							50.00%
Black Scholes valuation input, historical volatility period							100 days
Maximum volatility rate used to derive Black-Scholes Value in event of fundamental transaction							100.00%
Warrant exercise limitation, maximum beneficial ownership percentage, current		4.99%
Warrant exercise limitation, maximum beneficial ownership percentage, if elected by holder		9.99%
Placement Agent Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in USD per share)	$ 0.5375
Warrants expiration period	5 years
Warrants owned (in shares)					558,140		558,140		558,140
Placement Agent Warrant | Maximum
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)	558,140
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)		1,498,602
Price per share (in USD per share)	$ 0.43
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)					72,019,062		72,019,062	26,069,734	72,019,062		26,734,800			26,056,735
Common Stock | Common Stock Purchase Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)							700,000
Common Stock | Pre Funded Warrant | March 2020 Registered Direct Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)							10,550,000
Common Stock | Common Warrant
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Price per share (in USD per share)		$ 0.3

Share-Based Compensation - Addi

Share-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	Feb. 13, 2020	Feb. 01, 2020	Jan. 06, 2020	Sep. 06, 2019	Aug. 16, 2018	Aug. 08, 2018	May 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2016	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase in number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance (in shares)		1,000,000
Closing sale price of common stock (in usd per share)		$ 0.52
Exercise price (in USD per share)						$ 3.80
Term of SAR award			10 years
Number of options granted to employees (in shares)									383,000
Options forfeited (in shares)									(65,533)
Share-based compensation expense for equity-based awards									$ 272	$ 214
Stock options outstanding (in shares)									2,106,770		1,789,303
CEO
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employment agreement, number of SARs granted (in shares)						1,000,000
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employment agreement, number of SARs granted (in shares)			600,000
Exercise price (in USD per share)			$ 0.82
Employee share-based compensation expense									$ 62	$ 7
Inducement Grants
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise price (in USD per share)				$ 2.62			$ 3.15
Number of options granted to employees (in shares)				25,000			100,500
Inducement options vesting period									3 years
Options forfeited (in shares)									(25,000)
Stock options outstanding (in shares)									96,167
2016 Stock Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase in number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance (in shares)					1,000,000
Maximum aggregate shares to be awarded to one person (in shares)					1,000,000			250,000
Number of options granted to employees (in shares)	383,000
Shares available for future issuance (in shares)									441,663

Share-Based Compensation - Sche

Share-Based Compensation - Schedule of Share-based Compensation Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense for equity-based awards	$ 272	$ 214
Research and development
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense for equity-based awards	208	61
General and administrative
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense for equity-based awards	$ 64	$ 153

Share-Based Compensation - Summ

Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)$ / sharesshares
Shares Subject to Outstanding Options
Options outstanding (in shares) | shares	1,789,303
Options granted (in shares) | shares	383,000
Options forfeited (in shares) | shares	(65,533)
Options exercised (in shares) | shares	0
Options outstanding (in shares) | shares	2,106,770
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Options outstanding (in USD per share) | $ / shares	$ 3.89
Options granted (in USD per share) | $ / shares	0.47
Options forfeited (in USD per share) | $ / shares	2.71
Options exercised (in USD per share) | $ / shares	0
Options outstanding (in USD per share) | $ / shares	$ 3.30
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Options outstanding	7 years 10 months 10 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding | $	$ 4

Tangible Stockholder Return P_2

Tangible Stockholder Return Plan (Details)	Aug. 02, 2018USD ($)tranche$ / shares	Mar. 31, 2020USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2019USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		$ 272,000	$ 214,000
Performance Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Estimated dividend yield		0.00%
Share-based compensation expense		$ (113,000)	$ 39,000
Performance Plan | Executive Officer
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Bonus award payment term		24 months
Performance Plan | Employees And Consultants
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Bonus award payment term		12 months
Performance Plan | Deferred Bonus
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of tranches | tranche	2
Number of consecutive trading days	30 days
Share price target, first tranche (in USD per share) | $ / shares	$ 11.17
Bonus pool, first tranche	$ 25,000,000
Share price target, second tranche (in USD per share) | $ / shares	$ 25.45
Bonus pools, second tranche	$ 50,000,000

Related Party Transactions (Det

Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 26, 2020	Mar. 03, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Common stock, number of shares held (in shares)			72,019,062		26,734,800
Common stock issued during period (in shares)	10,550,000	14,000,000
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions			$ 12,577	$ 0
Board Members
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Common stock, number of shares held (in shares)			1,104,776		1,002,776
Reedy Creek Investments LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants owned (in shares)			3,900,000
Reedy Creek Investments LLC | Novan, Inc.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Beneficial ownership percentage			5.00%
Sabby
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)	6,200,000
Joseph Moglia
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Common stock issued during period (in shares)	1,000,000
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions	$ 430
Pre Funded Warrant
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)	8,054,652	4,333,334
Pre Funded Warrant | Sabby
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in shares)	2,602,326
Common Stock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Common stock, number of shares held (in shares)			72,019,062	26,069,734	26,734,800	26,056,735
Common stock issued during period (in shares)		1,498,602
Common Stock | Pre Funded Warrant | Sabby
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and pre-funded warrants, net of underwriting fees and commissions	$ 3,800

Subsequent Events (Details)

Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 22, 2020	Apr. 21, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020
Paycheck Protection Program Loan | Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Unsecured loan made under Paycheck Protection Program	$ 956
Fixed interest rate of loan per annum	1.00%
Initial period of interest deferral	6 months
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | Pre Funded Warrant
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Warrants exercised during period (in shares)			4,602,326
Warrants owned (in shares)			3,452,326
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | Pre Funded Warrant | Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Warrants exercised during period (in shares)		3,452,326
Warrants owned (in shares)		0

Uncategorized Items - novn-2020

Label	Element	Value
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]
Adjustment to Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)	novn_AdjustmenttoRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit	$ (714,000)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member] | Retained Earnings [Member]
Adjustment to Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)	novn_AdjustmenttoRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit	$ (714,000)