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| | 18100 Von Karman Avenue Suite 500 Irvine, CA 92612 949.852.0700 |
NEWS RELEASE
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| Contact: | Jennifer Franklin |
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| Email: | jfranklin@Stiracmg.com |
STEADFAST INCOME REIT, INC. ANNOUNCES
RESULTS FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2019
Irvine, Calif., August 13, 2019 —Steadfast Income REIT, Inc. (the “Company”) announced today its operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company had total revenues of $28.3 million and $60.3 million compared to $34.1 million and $69.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. Net income was $41.9 million and $77.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to net (loss) income of $(8.0) million and $65.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. Total assets of the Company at June 30, 2019, were $860.3 million, compared to $1.02 billion at December 31, 2018.
The Company’s results of operations compared to the comparable prior year periods were primarily affected by (1) the disposition of three multifamily properties and the contribution of eight multifamily properties to a joint venture in exchange for cash and a proportionate 10% interest in the joint venture during the six months ended June 30, 2018, (2) the acquisition of two multifamily properties during the six months ended June 30, 2018, (3) the disposition of twelve multifamily properties subsequent to June 30, 2018 and (4) and value-enhancement activity completed through June 30, 2019.
Highlights:
The Company:
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| • | Sold eight multifamily properties with a total of 1,915 apartment homes during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and recognized a gain on sale of $86.9 million. |
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| • | Owned as of June 30, 2019, (1) a multifamily property portfolio of 27 properties comprised of a total of 7,527 apartment homes with an aggregate purchase price of $863.2 million and (2) a 10% ownership interest in a joint venture. |
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| • | Had $278.8 million of fixed rate debt with a weighted-average interest rate of 3.90% and $212.0 million of variable rate debt with a weighted-average interest rate of 4.50% as of June 30, 2019. The weighted average interest rate on the Company's total outstanding debt was 4.16% as of June 30, 2019. |
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| • | Funded $5.1 million for improvements to real estate investments for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $4.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. |
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| • | Experienced a decrease in net operating income (“NOI”) from $17.2 million and $36.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, to NOI of $16.3 million and $33.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. (See the reconciliation of NOI to net income (loss) and accompanying notes contained within this release for additional information on how the Company calculates NOI.) |
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| • | Experienced an increase in modified funds from operations (“MFFO”), as defined by the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives (formerly known as the Investment Program Association), from $5.3 million and $12.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, to MFFO of $6.6 million and $12.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. (See the reconciliation of MFFO to net income (loss) and accompanying notes contained within this release for additional information on how the Company calculates MFFO.) |
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| • | Experienced a decrease in funds from operations (“FFO”), as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, of $4.9 million and $9.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, to FFO of $4.5 million and $9.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. (See the reconciliation of FFO to net income (loss) and accompanying notes contained within this release for additional information on how the Company calculates FFO.) |
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| • | Reported net cash provided by operating activities of $3.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Net cash provided by investing activities was $206.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $101.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. |
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| • | Reported net cash used in financing activities of $230.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which included $20.6 million of distributions paid, all of which were paid in cash. Net cash used in financing activities was $200.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, which included $100.9 million of distributions paid, all of which were paid in cash. |
"In a time when statewide rent control efforts and housing affordability continue to dominate the headlines, we believe our portfolio of apartments with average effective rent nearly 40 percent lower than today’s luxury product, as defined by a recent National Real Estate Investor article, is positioned favorably for the foreseeable future,” said Ella Neyland, President of Steadfast Income REIT.
About Steadfast Income REIT, Inc.
Steadfast Income REIT, Inc. is a real estate investment trust that was formed to acquire and operate a diverse portfolio of real estate investments focused primarily on the multifamily sector, including stable, income-producing and value-added properties.
Steadfast Income REIT, Inc. is sponsored by Steadfast REIT Investments, LLC, an affiliate of Steadfast Companies, an Orange County, California-based group of affiliated real estate investment and operating companies that acquire, develop and manage real estate in the U.S. and Mexico.
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This release contains certain forward-looking statements. Words such as "anticipates", "expects", "intends", "plans", "believes", "seeks", "estimates", "may" and "should" and their variations identify forward-looking statements. Because such statements include risks, uncertainties and contingencies, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on any such statements. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this release. Such factors include those described in the Risk Factors section of the Company's public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements in this document speak only as of the date on which such statements were made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any such statements that may become untrue because of subsequent events. Such forward-looking statements are subject to the safe harbor protection for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
FINANCIAL TABLES, NOTES AND EXHIBITS FOLLOW
STEADFAST INCOME REIT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
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| | | | | | | |
| | June 30,
2019 | | December 31,
2018 |
| | (Unaudited) | | |
| ASSETS |
| Assets: | | | |
| Real Estate: | | | |
| Land | $ | 90,153,980 |
| | $ | 90,153,980 |
|
| Building and improvements | 799,967,673 |
| | 795,383,423 |
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| Total real estate held for investment, cost | 890,121,653 |
| | 885,537,403 |
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| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (182,018,205 | ) | | (165,112,070 | ) |
| Total real estate held for investment, net | 708,103,448 |
| | 720,425,333 |
|
| Real estate held for sale, net | — |
| | 126,464,504 |
|
| Total real estate, net | 708,103,448 |
| | 846,889,837 |
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| Cash and cash equivalents | 124,685,084 |
| | 142,078,166 |
|
| Restricted cash | 9,109,706 |
| | 11,265,317 |
|
| Investment in unconsolidated joint venture | 13,869,450 |
| | 14,085,399 |
|
| Rents and other receivables | 3,358,501 |
| | 1,791,881 |
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| Assets related to real estate held for sale | — |
| | 848,960 |
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| Other assets | 1,146,553 |
| | 2,698,438 |
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| Total assets | $ | 860,272,742 |
| | $ | 1,019,657,998 |
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| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
| Liabilities: | | | |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 20,569,875 |
| | $ | 23,899,595 |
|
| Notes payable: | | | |
| Mortgage notes payable, net | 480,842,343 |
| | 566,900,461 |
|
| Credit facility, net | 9,926,410 |
| | 52,363,460 |
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| Notes payable related to real estate held for sale, net | — |
| | 74,237,653 |
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| Total notes payable, net | 490,768,753 |
| | 693,501,574 |
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| Distributions payable | 3,381,662 |
| | 3,515,310 |
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| Due to affiliates | 1,377,577 |
| | 4,985,918 |
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| Liabilities related to real estate held for sale | — |
| | 2,994,267 |
|
| Total liabilities | 516,097,867 |
| | 728,896,664 |
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| Commitments and contingencies | | | |
| Stockholders’ Equity: | | | |
| Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding | — |
| | — |
|
| Common stock $0.01 par value per share; 999,999,000 shares authorized, 74,206,848 and 74,650,139 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively | 742,069 |
| | 746,502 |
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| Convertible stock, $0.01 par value per share; 1,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively | 10 |
| | 10 |
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| Additional paid-in capital | 652,239,394 |
| | 656,204,073 |
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| Cumulative distributions and net losses | (308,806,598 | ) | | (366,189,251 | ) |
| Total stockholders’ equity | 344,174,875 |
| | 290,761,334 |
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| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 860,272,742 |
| | $ | 1,019,657,998 |
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STEADFAST INCOME REIT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Revenues: | | | | | | | |
| Rental income | $ | 27,152,676 |
| | $ | 33,041,905 |
| | $ | 58,091,517 |
| | $ | 67,578,207 |
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| Other income | 1,179,907 |
| | 1,015,103 |
| | 2,251,858 |
| | 1,933,727 |
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| Total revenues | 28,332,583 |
| | 34,057,008 |
| | 60,343,375 |
| | 69,511,934 |
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| Expenses: | | | | | | | |
| Operating, maintenance and management | 6,771,405 |
| | 9,059,224 |
| | 14,848,950 |
| | 18,478,862 |
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| Real estate taxes and insurance | 3,790,757 |
| | 6,809,156 |
| | 9,344,570 |
| | 12,672,478 |
|
| Fees to affiliates | 3,428,581 |
| | 3,809,224 |
| | 7,149,211 |
| | 7,741,290 |
|
| Depreciation and amortization | 8,458,798 |
| | 11,311,894 |
| | 17,440,777 |
| | 22,202,690 |
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| Interest expense | 6,542,401 |
| | 8,017,417 |
| | 14,461,190 |
| | 15,911,669 |
|
| Loss on debt extinguishment | 2,019,546 |
| | 271,790 |
| | 2,834,378 |
| | 2,282,246 |
|
| General and administrative expenses | 1,691,410 |
| | 1,570,715 |
| | 3,118,092 |
| | 3,340,732 |
|
| Total expenses | 32,702,898 |
| | 40,849,420 |
| | 69,197,168 |
| | 82,629,967 |
|
| Loss before other income (expense) | (4,370,315 | ) | | (6,792,412 | ) | | (8,853,793 | ) | | (13,118,033 | ) |
| Other income (expense): | | | | | | | |
| Equity in loss from unconsolidated joint venture | (210,642 | ) | | (1,173,099 | ) | | (199,149 | ) | | (2,814,504 | ) |
| Gain on sales of real estate, net | 46,487,211 |
| | — |
| | 86,888,796 |
| | 81,247,054 |
|
| Total other income (expense) | 46,276,569 |
| | (1,173,099 | ) | | 86,689,647 |
| | 78,432,550 |
|
| Net income (loss) | $ | 41,906,254 |
| | $ | (7,965,511 | ) | | $ | 77,835,854 |
| | $ | 65,314,517 |
|
| Income (loss) per common share — basic and diluted | $ | 0.56 |
| | $ | (0.11 | ) | | $ | 1.05 |
| | $ | 0.87 |
|
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — basic | 74,269,454 |
| | 75,212,006 |
| | 74,380,395 |
| | 75,277,570 |
|
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — diluted | 74,280,704 |
| | 75,223,881 |
| | 74,391,645 |
| | 75,289,445 |
|
Steadfast Income REIT, Inc.
Non-GAAP Measures - FFO and MFFO Reconciliation
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018
Due to certain unique operating characteristics of real estate companies, as discussed below, National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT"), an industry trade group, has promulgated a measure known as funds from operations, ("FFO"), which the Company believes to be an appropriate supplemental measure to reflect the operating performance of a real estate investment trust ("REIT"). The use of FFO is recommended by the REIT industry as a supplemental performance measure. FFO is not equivalent to the Company's net income (loss) as determined under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principals ("GAAP").
The Company defines FFO, a non-GAAP financial measure, consistent with the standards established by the White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of NAREIT, as revised in December 2018 (the "White Paper"). The White Paper defines FFO as net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses from sales of property and non-cash impairment charges of real estate related investments, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. In particular, the Company believes it is appropriate to disregard impairment charges, as this is a fair value adjustment that is largely based on market fluctuations and assessments regarding general market conditions which can change over time. An asset will only be evaluated for impairment if certain impairment indications exist and if the carrying, or book value, exceeds the total estimated undiscounted future cash flows (including net rental and lease revenues, net proceeds on the sale of the property, and any other ancillary cash flows at a property or group level under GAAP) from such asset. Investors should note, however, that determinations of whether impairment charges have been incurred are based partly on anticipated operating performance, because estimated undiscounted future cash flows from a property, including estimated future net rental and lease revenues, net proceeds on the sale of the property, and certain other ancillary cash flows, are taken into account in determining whether an impairment charge has been incurred. While impairment charges are excluded from the calculation of FFO as described above, investors are cautioned that due to the fact that impairments are based on estimated future undiscounted cash flows and the relatively limited term of the Company's operations, it could be difficult to recover any impairment charges. The Company's FFO calculation complies with NAREIT’s policy described above.
The historical accounting convention used for real estate assets requires straight-line depreciation of buildings and improvements, which implies that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time, especially if such assets are not adequately maintained or repaired and renovated as required by relevant circumstances and/or as requested or required by lessees for operational purposes in order to maintain the value disclosed. The Company believes that since real estate values historically rise and fall with market conditions, including inflation, interest rates, the business cycle, unemployment and consumer spending, presentations of operating results for a REIT using historical accounting for depreciation may be less informative. Historical accounting for real estate involves the use of GAAP. Any other method of accounting for real estate such as the fair value method cannot be construed to be any more accurate or relevant than the comparable methodologies of real estate valuation found in GAAP. Nevertheless, the Company believes that the use of FFO, which excludes the impact of real estate related depreciation and amortization, provides a more complete understanding of its performance to investors and to management, and when compared year over year, reflects the impact on its operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, general and administrative expenses, and interest costs, which may not be immediately apparent from net income. We adopted ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019, which requires the Company, as a lessee, to recognize a liability for obligations under a lease contract and a right-of-use asset. The carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is amortized over the
term of the lease. Because the Company has no ownership rights (current or residual) in the underlying asset, NAREIT concluded that the amortization of the right-of-use asset should not be added back to GAAP net income (loss) in calculating FFO. This amortization expense is included in FFO. However, FFO, and modified funds from operations, ("MFFO"), as described below, should not be construed to be more relevant or accurate than the current GAAP methodology in calculating net income or in its applicability in evaluating the Company's operating performance. The method utilized to evaluate the value and performance of real estate under GAAP should be construed as a more relevant measure of operational performance and considered more prominently than the non-GAAP FFO and MFFO measures and the adjustments to GAAP in calculating FFO and MFFO.
Changes in the accounting and reporting promulgations under GAAP (for acquisition fees and expenses from a capitalization/depreciation model to an expensed-as-incurred model) that were put into effect in 2009 and other changes to GAAP accounting for real estate subsequent to the establishment of NAREIT’s definition of FFO have prompted an increase in cash-settled expenses, specifically acquisition fees and expenses for all industries as items that are expensed under GAAP, that are typically accounted for as operating expenses. The Company's management believes these fees and expenses do not affect the Company's overall long-term operating performance. Publicly registered, non-listed REITs typically have a significant amount of acquisition activity and are substantially more dynamic during their initial years of investment and operation. While other start-up entities may also experience significant acquisition activity during their initial years, the Company believes that public, non-listed REITs, like the Company, are unique in that they have a limited life with targeted exit strategies within a relatively limited time frame after acquisition activity ceases.
Due to the above factors and other unique features of publicly registered, non-listed REITs, the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives (the "IPA"), an industry trade group, has standardized a measure known as MFFO, which it has recommended as a supplemental measure for publicly registered non-listed REITs and which the Company believes to be another appropriate supplemental measure to reflect the operating performance of a public, non-listed REIT having the characteristics described above. MFFO is not equivalent to the Company's net income (loss) as determined under GAAP, and MFFO may not be a useful measure of the impact of long-term operating performance on value if the Company does not continue to operate with a limited life and targeted exit strategy, as currently intended. The Company believes that, because MFFO excludes costs that it considers more reflective of investing activities and other non-operating items included in FFO and also excludes acquisition fees and expenses that are not capitalized, as discussed below, and affects its operations only in periods in which properties are acquired, MFFO can provide, on a going forward basis, an indication of the sustainability (that is, the capacity to continue to be maintained) of its operating performance after the period in which it is acquiring properties and once its portfolio is in place. By providing MFFO, the Company believes it is presenting useful information that assists investors and analysts to better assess the sustainability of its operating performance after its offering has been completed and its properties have been acquired. The Company also believes that MFFO is a recognized measure of sustainable operating performance by the non-listed REIT industry. Further, the Company believes MFFO is useful in comparing the sustainability of its operating performance after its offering and acquisitions are completed with the sustainability of the operating performance of other real estate companies that are not as involved in acquisition activities. Investors are cautioned that MFFO should only be used to assess the sustainability of the Company's operating performance after its offering has been completed and properties have been acquired, as it excludes acquisition costs that have a negative effect on the Company's operating performance during the periods in which properties are acquired.
The Company defines MFFO, a non-GAAP financial measure, consistent with the IPA’s Guideline 2010-01, Supplemental Performance Measure for Publicly Registered, Non-Listed REITs: Modified Funds from Operations (the "Practice Guideline"), issued by the IPA in November 2010. The Practice Guideline defines MFFO as FFO further adjusted for the following items, as applicable, included in the determination of GAAP net income: acquisition fees and expenses; amounts relating to deferred rent receivables and amortization of above and below market leases and liabilities (which are adjusted in order to reflect such payments from a GAAP accrual basis to a cash basis of disclosing the rent and lease payments); accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments; mark-to-market adjustments included in net income; nonrecurring gains or losses included in net income from the extinguishment or sale of debt, hedges, foreign exchange, derivatives or securities holdings where trading of such holdings is not a fundamental attribute of the business plan, unrealized gains or losses resulting from consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, and after adjustments for consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, with such adjustments calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis. The accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments, nonrecurring unrealized gains and losses on hedges, foreign exchange, derivatives or securities holdings, unrealized gains and losses resulting from consolidations, as well as other listed cash flow adjustments are adjustments made to net income in calculating the cash flows provided by operating activities and, in some cases, reflect gains or losses which are unrealized and may not ultimately be realized. While the Company relies on its advisor for managing interest rate, hedge and foreign exchange risk, the Company does not retain an outside consultant to review all of its hedging agreements. Inasmuch as interest rate hedges are not a fundamental part of the Company's operations, the Company believes it is appropriate to exclude such non-recurring gains and losses in calculating MFFO, as such gains and losses are not reflective of on-going operations.
The Company's MFFO calculation complies with the IPA’s Practice Guideline described above, except with respect to certain acquisition fees and expenses as discussed below. In calculating MFFO, the Company excludes acquisition related expenses that are not capitalized, amortization of above and below market leases, fair value adjustments of derivative financial instruments, deferred rent receivables and the adjustments of such items related to noncontrolling interests. Historically, under GAAP, acquisition fees and expenses were characterized as operating expenses in determining operating net income. However, following the recent publication of ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the definition of business (“ASU 2017-01”), acquisition fees and expenses are capitalized and depreciated under certain conditions. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2017-01, resulting in a substantial part of acquisition fees and expenses being capitalized and therefore not excluded from the calculation of MFFO but captured as depreciation in calculating FFO. However, these expenses are paid in cash by the Company. All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses will have negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future distributions, and cash flows generated by the Company, unless earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition of other properties are generated to cover the purchase price of the property, these fees and expenses and other costs related to such property. In the event that operational earnings and cash flow are not available to fund the reimbursement of acquisition fees and expenses incurred by the Company's advisor, such fees and expenses will need to be reimbursed to the advisor from other sources, including debt, net proceeds from the sale of properties, or from ancillary cash flows. The acquisition of properties, and the corresponding acquisition fees and expenses, is the key operational feature of the Company's business plan to generate operational income and cash flow to fund distributions to the Company's stockholders. Further, under GAAP, certain contemplated non-cash fair value and other non-cash adjustments are considered operating non-cash adjustments to net income in determining cash flow from operating activities. In addition, the Company views fair value adjustments of derivatives and gains and losses from dispositions of assets as non-recurring items or items which are unrealized
and may not ultimately be realized, and which are not reflective of on-going operations and are therefore typically adjusted for when assessing operating performance.
The Company's management uses MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate MFFO in order to evaluate the Company's performance against other public, non-listed REITs which have limited lives with short and defined acquisition periods and targeted exit strategies shortly thereafter. As noted above, MFFO may not be a useful measure of the impact of long-term operating performance on value if the Company does not continue to operate in this manner. The Company believes that its use of MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate MFFO allow the Company to present its performance in a manner that reflects certain characteristics that are unique to public, non-listed REITs, such as their limited life, limited and defined acquisition period and targeted exit strategy, and hence that the use of such measures is useful to investors. By excluding expensed acquisition costs that are not capitalized, the use of MFFO provides information consistent with the Company's management's analysis of the operating performance of the properties. Additionally, fair value adjustments, which are based on the impact of current market fluctuations and underlying assessments of general market conditions, but can also result from operational factors such as rental and occupancy rates, may not be directly related or attributable to the Company's current operating performance. By excluding such changes that may reflect anticipated and unrealized gains or losses, the Company believes MFFO provides useful supplemental information.
Presentation of this information is intended to provide useful information to investors as they compare the operating performance to that of other public, non-listed REITs, although it should be noted that not all public, non-listed REITs calculate FFO and MFFO the same way, so comparisons with other public, non-listed REITs may not be meaningful. Furthermore, FFO and MFFO are not necessarily indicative of cash flow available to fund cash needs and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) or income (loss) from continuing operations as an indication of the Company's performance, as an alternative to cash flows from operations as an indication of the Company's liquidity, or indicative of funds available to fund the Company's cash needs, including the Company's ability to make distributions to stockholders. FFO and MFFO should be reviewed in conjunction with GAAP measurements as an indication of the Company's performance. MFFO is useful in assisting the Company's management and investors in assessing the sustainability of operating performance in future operating periods, and in particular, after the offering and acquisition stages are complete and net asset value is disclosed. MFFO is not a useful measure in evaluating net asset value because impairments are taken into account in determining net asset value but not in determining MFFO.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), NAREIT nor any other regulatory body has passed judgment on the acceptability of the adjustments that the Company uses to calculate FFO or MFFO. In the future, the SEC, NAREIT or another regulatory body may decide to standardize the allowable adjustments across the non-listed REIT industry and in response to such standardization the Company may have to adjust its calculation and characterization of FFO or MFFO accordingly.
The Company's calculation of FFO and MFFO is presented in the following table for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended June 30, | | For the Six Months Ended June 30, |
| Reconciliation of net income (loss) to MFFO: | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 41,906,254 |
| | $ | (7,965,511 | ) | | $ | 77,835,854 |
| | $ | 65,314,517 |
|
| Depreciation of real estate assets | 8,457,713 |
| | 10,989,153 |
| | 17,425,950 |
| | 21,841,657 |
|
Amortization of lease-related costs(1) | — |
| | 322,741 |
| | 12,764 |
| | 361,033 |
|
| Gain on sales of real estate, net | (46,487,211 | ) | | — |
| | (86,888,796 | ) | | (81,247,054 | ) |
Adjustments for investment in unconsolidated joint venture(2) | 597,169 |
| | 1,562,339 |
| | 1,109,349 |
| | 3,566,705 |
|
| FFO | 4,473,925 |
| | 4,908,722 |
| | 9,495,121 |
| | 9,836,858 |
|
Acquisition expenses(3)(4) | — |
| | 102,318 |
| | — |
| | 301,132 |
|
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivative instruments | 61,418 |
| | 41,953 |
| | 161,297 |
| | (85,307 | ) |
| Loss on debt extinguishment | 2,019,546 |
| | 271,790 |
| | 2,834,378 |
| | 2,282,246 |
|
| MFFO | $ | 6,554,889 |
| | $ | 5,324,783 |
| | $ | 12,490,796 |
| | $ | 12,334,929 |
|
________________
| |
| (1) | Amortization of lease-related costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, excludes amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets of $1,085 and $2,063 that are included in FFO, respectively. |
| |
| (2) | Reflects adjustments to add back the Company's noncontrolling interest share of the adjustments to reconcile the Company's net income attributable to common stockholders to FFO for the Company's equity investment in the unconsolidated joint venture, which principally consists of depreciation and amortization incurred by the joint venture. |
| |
| (3) | By excluding acquisition expenses, management believes MFFO provides useful supplemental information that is comparable for each type of real estate investment and is consistent with management’s analysis of the investing and operating performance of the Company's properties. Acquisition fees and expenses include payments to the Company's advisor or third parties. Historically, acquisition fees and expenses under GAAP were considered operating expenses and as expenses included in the determination of net income (loss) and income (loss) from continuing operations, both of which are performance measures under GAAP. Following the recent publication of ASU 2017-01, acquisition expenses are capitalized and depreciated under certain conditions. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2017-01 resulting in a substantial part of acquisition fees and expenses being capitalized and therefore not excluded from the calculation of MFFO but are captured as depreciation in calculating FFO. All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses will have negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future distributions, and cash flows generated by the Company, unless earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition of properties are generated to cover the purchase price of the property, these fees and expenses and other costs related to the property. In the event that operational earnings and cash flow are not available to fund the reimbursement of acquisition fees and expenses incurred by the Company's advisor, such fees and expenses will need to be reimbursed to the advisor from other sources, including debt, operational earnings or cash flow, net proceeds from the sale of properties, or from ancillary cash flows. |
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| (4) | No acquisition expenses were incurred for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. Acquisition expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 of $102,318 and $301,132, respectively, did not meet the criteria for capitalization under ASU 2017-01 and are recorded in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated unaudited statements of operations. |
Steadfast Income REIT, Inc.
Non-GAAP Measures - Net Operating Income
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018
Net Operating Income ("NOI") is a non-GAAP financial measure of performance. NOI is used by investors and the Company's management to evaluate and compare the performance of the Company's properties and to determine trends in earnings and to compute the fair value of the Company's properties as it is not affected by (1) the cost of funds of the Company, (2) acquisition costs of the Company, (3) non-operating fees paid to affiliates, (4) the impact of depreciation and amortization expenses as well as gains or losses from the sale of operating real estate assets that are included in net income computed in accordance with GAAP, or (5) general and administrative expenses and other gains and losses that are specific to the Company. The cost of funds is eliminated from net income (loss) because it is specific to the Company's particular financing capabilities and constraints. The cost of funds is also eliminated because it is dependent on historical interest rates and other costs of capital as well as past decisions made by the Company regarding the appropriate mix of capital which may have changed or may change in the future. Acquisition costs (those that did not meet the criteria for capitalization under ASU 2017-01) and non-operating fees to affiliates are eliminated because they do not reflect continuing operating costs of the property owner. Depreciation and amortization expenses as well as gains or losses from the sale of operating real estate assets are eliminated because they may not accurately represent the actual change in value in the Company's multifamily properties that result from use of the properties or changes in market conditions. While certain aspects of real property do decline in value over time in a manner that is reasonably captured by depreciation and amortization, the value of the properties as a whole have historically increased or decreased as a result of changes in overall economic conditions instead of from actual use of the property or the passage of time. Gains and losses from the sale of real property vary from property to property and are affected by market conditions at the time of sale which will usually change from period to period. These gains and losses can create distortions when comparing one period to another or when comparing the Company's operating results to the operating results of other real estate companies that have not made similarly timed purchases or sales. The Company believes that eliminating these costs from net income (loss) is useful because the resulting measure captures the actual revenue generated and actual expenses incurred in operating its properties as well as trends in occupancy rates, rental rates and operating costs.
However, the usefulness of NOI is limited because it excludes general and administrative costs, interest expense, interest income and other expense, acquisition costs (those that did not meet the criteria for capitalization under ASU 2017-01), certain fees to affiliates, depreciation and amortization expense and gains or losses from the sale of properties, and other gains and losses as stipulated by GAAP, the level of capital expenditures and leasing costs necessary to maintain the operating performance of the Company's properties, all of which are significant economic costs. NOI may fail to capture significant trends in these components of net income which further limits its usefulness.
NOI is a measure of the operating performance of the Company's properties but does not measure the Company's performance as a whole. NOI is therefore not a substitute for net income (loss) as computed in accordance with GAAP. This measure should be analyzed in conjunction with net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP. Other companies may use different methods for calculating NOI or similarly entitled measures and, accordingly, the Company's NOI may not be comparable to similarly entitled measures reported by other companies that do not define the measure exactly as the Company does.
The following is a reconciliation of the Company's NOI to net income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, computed in accordance with GAAP:
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | For the Three Months Ended June 30, | | For the Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Net income (loss) | | $ | 41,906,254 |
| | $ | (7,965,511 | ) | | $ | 77,835,854 |
| | $ | 65,314,517 |
|
Fees to affiliates(1) | | 2,027,504 |
| | 2,544,340 |
| | 4,303,703 |
| | 5,128,601 |
|
| Depreciation and amortization | | 8,458,798 |
| | 11,311,894 |
| | 17,440,777 |
| | 22,202,690 |
|
| Interest expense | | 6,542,401 |
| | 8,017,417 |
| | 14,461,190 |
| | 15,911,669 |
|
| Loss on debt extinguishment | | 2,019,546 |
| | 271,790 |
| | 2,834,378 |
| | 2,282,246 |
|
| General and administrative expenses | | 1,691,410 |
| | 1,570,715 |
| | 3,118,092 |
| | 3,340,732 |
|
| Gain on sales of real estate, net | | (46,487,211 | ) | | — |
| | (86,888,796 | ) | | (81,247,054 | ) |
Adjustments for investment in unconsolidated joint venture(2) | | 939,033 |
| | 1,917,326 |
| | 1,663,376 |
| | 4,234,502 |
|
Other gains(3) | | (753,989 | ) | | (432,902 | ) | | (1,348,454 | ) | | (869,907 | ) |
| Net operating income | | $ | 16,343,746 |
| | $ | 17,235,069 |
| | $ | 33,420,120 |
| | $ | 36,297,996 |
|
________________
| |
| (1) | Fees to affiliates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, exclude property management fees of $817,754 and $1,725,825 and other reimbursements of $583,323 and $1,119,683, respectively, that are included in NOI. Fees to affiliates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, exclude property management fees of $978,620 and $2,003,352 and other reimbursements of $286,264 and $609,337, respectively, that are included in NOI. |
| |
| (2) | Reflects adjustments to add back the Company's noncontrolling interest share of the adjustments to reconcile the Company's net income attributable to common stockholders to NOI for the Company's equity investment in the unconsolidated joint venture, which principally consists of depreciation, amortization and interest expense incurred by the joint venture. |
| |
| (3) | Other gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 include non-recurring insurance proceeds and interest income that are not included in NOI. |
EXHIBIT A
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| Monthly Portfolio Snapshot | | | APRIL 2019 | | | | | | | | | | |
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| Property | | Location | | Total Units | | Non-Revenue Units | | Rentable Units | | Average Occupied Units | | Average % Occupied | | % Leased |
| Multi-Family | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Clarion Park Apartments | | Olathe, KS | | 220 | | 1 | | 219 | | 215 | | 97.5% | | 99.5% |
| Truman Farm Villas | | Grandview, MO | | 200 | | 1 | | 199 | | 191 | | 95.4% | | 96.8% |
| Spring Creek Apartments | | Edmond, OK | | 252 | | 1 | | 251 | | 238 | | 94.5% | | 95.6% |
| Montclair Parc Apartment Homes | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 360 | | 1 | | 359 | | 342 | | 95.0% | | 96.0% |
| Hilliard Park Apartments | | Columbus, OH | | 201 | | 1 | | 200 | | 194 | | 96.3% | | 97.9% |
| Sycamore Terrace Apartments | | Terre Haute, IN | | 250 | | — | | 250 | | 235 | | 93.9% | | 96.1% |
| Hilliard Summit Apartments | | Columbus, OH | | 208 | | 1 | | 207 | | 194 | | 93.3% | | 95.7% |
| Forty 57 Apartments | | Lexington, KY | | 436 | | 1 | | 435 | | 418 | | 95.9% | | 96.5% |
| Riverford Crossing Apartments | | Frankfort, KY | | 300 | | 1 | | 299 | | 290 | | 96.6% | | 97.6% |
| Montecito Apartments | | Austin, TX | | 268 | | 3 | | 265 | | 255 | | 95.2% | | 96.6% |
| Hilliard Grand Apartments | | Dublin, OH | | 314 | | 1 | | 313 | | 298 | | 94.8% | | 98.4% |
| Deep Deuce at Bricktown | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 294 | | 1 | | 293 | | 279 | | 95.0% | | 97.2% |
| Retreat at Quail North | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 229 | | 95.5% | | 97.2% |
| Waterford on the Meadow | | Plano, TX | | 350 | | — | | 350 | | 337 | | 96.3% | | 97.2% |
| Tapestry Park Apartments | | Birmingham, AL | | 354 | | 1 | | 353 | | 331 | | 93.5% | | 94.7% |
| Bricegrove Park Apartments | | Canal Winchester, OH | | 240 | | — | | 240 | | 234 | | 97.5% | | 98.7% |
| Retreat at Hamburg Place | | Lexington, KY | | 150 | | 1 | | 149 | | 142 | | 95.0% | | 95.8% |
| Villas at Huffmeister | | Houston, TX | | 294 | | 1 | | 293 | | 282 | | 96.0% | | 97.0% |
| Villas at Kingwood | | Kingwood, TX | | 330 | | 1 | | 329 | | 305 | | 92.4% | | 94.2% |
| Waterford Place at Riata Ranch | | Cypress, TX | | 228 | | 1 | | 227 | | 207 | | 90.9% | | 91.7% |
| Carrington Place | | Houston, TX | | 324 | | 1 | | 323 | | 302 | | 93.1% | | 95.1% |
| Carrington at Champion Forest | | Houston, TX | | 284 | | 1 | | 283 | | 266 | | 93.6% | | 94.8% |
| Carrington Park at Huffmeister | | Cypress, TX | | 232 | | 1 | | 231 | | 217 | | 93.5% | | 94.6% |
| Heritage Grand at Sienna Plantation | | Missouri City, TX | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 221 | | 92.0% | | 93.2% |
| Mallard Crossing Apartments | | Loveland, OH | | 350 | | 1 | | 349 | | 340 | | 97.1% | | 98.2% |
| Reserve at Creekside | | Chattanooga, TN | | 192 | | 1 | | 191 | | 185 | | 96.6% | | 97.7% |
| Oak Crossing Apartments | | Fort Wayne, IN | | 222 | | 1 | | 221 | | 214 | | 96.6% | | 98.0% |
| Double Creek Flats | | Plainfield, IN | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 226 | | 94.1% | | 95.9% |
| Jefferson at Perimeter Apartments | | Dunwoody, GA | | 504 | | — | | 504 | | 461 | | 91.6% | | 93.4% |
| Total | | | | 8,077 | | 27 | | 8,050 | | 7,648 | | 94.7% | | 96.2% |
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| Monthly Portfolio Snapshot | | | MAY 2019 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| Property | | Location | | Total Units | | Non-Revenue Units | | Rentable Units | | Average Occupied Units | | Average % Occupied | | % Leased |
| Multi-Family | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Clarion Park Apartments | | Olathe, KS | | 220 | | 1 | | 219 | | 217 | | 98.7% | | 99.5% |
| Spring Creek Apartments | | Edmond, OK | | 252 | | 1 | | 251 | | 240 | | 95.3% | | 96.5% |
| Montclair Parc Apartment Homes | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 360 | | 1 | | 359 | | 346 | | 96.0% | | 97.2% |
| Hilliard Park Apartments | | Columbus, OH | | 201 | | 1 | | 200 | | 194 | | 96.4% | | 98.3% |
| Sycamore Terrace Apartments | | Terre Haute, IN | | 250 | | — | | 250 | | 235 | | 93.8% | | 97.4% |
| Hilliard Summit Apartments | | Columbus, OH | | 208 | | 1 | | 207 | | 193 | | 93.0% | | 95.5% |
| Forty 57 Apartments | | Lexington, KY | | 436 | | 1 | | 435 | | 415 | | 95.2% | | 96.3% |
| Riverford Crossing Apartments | | Frankfort, KY | | 300 | | 1 | | 299 | | 288 | | 96.1% | | 98.1% |
| Montecito Apartments | | Austin, TX | | 268 | | 3 | | 265 | | 253 | | 94.3% | | 96.4% |
| Hilliard Grand Apartments | | Dublin, OH | | 314 | | 1 | | 313 | | 303 | | 96.5% | | 98.3% |
| Deep Deuce at Bricktown | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 294 | | 1 | | 293 | | 283 | | 96.3% | | 97.7% |
| Retreat at Quail North | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 230 | | 95.9% | | 97.7% |
| Tapestry Park Apartments | | Birmingham, AL | | 354 | | 1 | | 353 | | 330 | | 93.2% | | 95.8% |
| Bricegrove Park Apartments | | Canal Winchester, OH | | 240 | | — | | 240 | | 233 | | 96.9% | | 98.2% |
| Retreat at Hamburg Place | | Lexington, KY | | 150 | | 1 | | 149 | | 144 | | 96.3% | | 97.6% |
| Villas at Huffmeister | | Houston, TX | | 294 | | 1 | | 293 | | 283 | | 96.1% | | 96.7% |
| Villas at Kingwood | | Kingwood, TX | | 330 | | 1 | | 329 | | 312 | | 94.5% | | 96.0% |
| Waterford Place at Riata Ranch | | Cypress, TX | | 228 | | 1 | | 227 | | 208 | | 91.0% | | 93.4% |
| Carrington Place | | Houston, TX | | 324 | | 1 | | 323 | | 302 | | 93.1% | | 94.7% |
| Carrington at Champion Forest | | Houston, TX | | 284 | | 1 | | 283 | | 264 | | 93.0% | | 95.6% |
| Carrington Park at Huffmeister | | Cypress, TX | | 232 | | 1 | | 231 | | 214 | | 92.3% | | 94.6% |
| Heritage Grand at Sienna Plantation | | Missouri City, TX | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 224 | | 93.3% | | 94.8% |
| Mallard Crossing Apartments | | Loveland, OH | | 350 | | 1 | | 349 | | 340 | | 97.2% | | 98.3% |
| Reserve at Creekside | | Chattanooga, TN | | 192 | | 2 | | 190 | | 179 | | 93.3% | | 95.3% |
| Oak Crossing Apartments | | Fort Wayne, IN | | 222 | | 1 | | 221 | | 215 | | 96.7% | | 98.3% |
| Double Creek Flats | | Plainfield, IN | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 230 | | 95.9% | | 98.2% |
| Jefferson at Perimeter Apartments | | Dunwoody, GA | | 504 | | — | | 504 | | 468 | | 92.9% | | 94.7% |
| Total | | | | 7,527 | | 27 | | 7,500 | | 7,143 | | 94.9% | | 96.6% |
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| Monthly Portfolio Snapshot | | | JUNE 2019 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| Property | | Location | | Total Units | | Non-Revenue Units | | Rentable Units | | Average Occupied Units | | Average % Occupied | | % Leased |
| Multi-Family | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Clarion Park Apartments | | Olathe, KS | | 220 | | 1 | | 219 | | 212 | | 96.3% | | 99.0% |
| Spring Creek Apartments | | Edmond, OK | | 252 | | 1 | | 251 | | 239 | | 94.9% | | 95.8% |
| Montclair Parc Apartment Homes | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 360 | | 1 | | 359 | | 346 | | 96.1% | | 97.1% |
| Hilliard Park Apartments | | Columbus, OH | | 201 | | 1 | | 200 | | 191 | | 95.2% | | 97.9% |
| Sycamore Terrace Apartments | | Terre Haute, IN | | 250 | | — | | 250 | | 227 | | 90.8% | | 93.2% |
| Hilliard Summit Apartments | | Columbus, OH | | 208 | | 1 | | 207 | | 197 | | 94.8% | | 96.1% |
| Forty 57 Apartments | | Lexington, KY | | 436 | | 1 | | 435 | | 418 | | 96.0% | | 97.2% |
| Riverford Crossing Apartments | | Frankfort, KY | | 300 | | 1 | | 299 | | 290 | | 96.8% | | 97.9% |
| Montecito Apartments | | Austin, TX | | 268 | | 4 | | 264 | | 258 | | 96.3% | | 97.5% |
| Hilliard Grand Apartments | | Dublin, OH | | 314 | | 1 | | 313 | | 302 | | 96.1% | | 98.0% |
| Deep Deuce at Bricktown | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 294 | | 1 | | 293 | | 283 | | 96.2% | | 98.3% |
| Retreat at Quail North | | Oklahoma City, OK | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 231 | | 96.2% | | 98.1% |
| Tapestry Park Apartments | | Birmingham, AL | | 354 | | 1 | | 353 | | 333 | | 94.0% | | 96.8% |
| Bricegrove Park Apartments | | Canal Winchester, OH | | 240 | | — | | 240 | | 233 | | 97.2% | | 99.1% |
| Retreat at Hamburg Place | | Lexington, KY | | 150 | | 1 | | 149 | | 146 | | 97.5% | | 98.9% |
| Villas at Huffmeister | | Houston, TX | | 294 | | 1 | | 293 | | 278 | | 94.5% | | 95.8% |
| Villas at Kingwood | | Kingwood, TX | | 330 | | 1 | | 329 | | 313 | | 94.9% | | 96.5% |
| Waterford Place at Riata Ranch | | Cypress, TX | | 228 | | 1 | | 227 | | 215 | | 94.2% | | 96.0% |
| Carrington Place | | Houston, TX | | 324 | | 1 | | 323 | | 300 | | 92.5% | | 95.2% |
| Carrington at Champion Forest | | Houston, TX | | 284 | | 1 | | 283 | | 269 | | 94.9% | | 97.6% |
| Carrington Park at Huffmeister | | Cypress, TX | | 232 | | 1 | | 231 | | 213 | | 91.9% | | 94.4% |
| Heritage Grand at Sienna Plantation | | Missouri City, TX | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 228 | | 95.0% | | 96.4% |
| Mallard Crossing Apartments | | Loveland, OH | | 350 | | 1 | | 349 | | 337 | | 96.4% | | 97.5% |
| Reserve at Creekside | | Chattanooga, TN | | 192 | | 2 | | 190 | | 182 | | 94.8% | | 97.1% |
| Oak Crossing Apartments | | Fort Wayne, IN | | 222 | | 1 | | 221 | | 219 | | 98.5% | | 99.5% |
| Double Creek Flats | | Plainfield, IN | | 240 | | 1 | | 239 | | 229 | | 95.3% | | 96.9% |
| Jefferson at Perimeter Apartments | | Dunwoody, GA | | 504 | | — | | 504 | | 467 | | 92.7% | | 95.0% |
| Total | | | | 7,527 | | 28 | | 7,499 | | 7,156 | | 95.1% | | 96.9% |
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DEFINITIONS OF PORTFOLIO PERFORMANCE METRICS
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| Total Units: | Number of units per property at the end of the reporting period. |
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| Non-Revenue Units: | Number of model units or other non-revenue administrative units at the end of the reporting period. |
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| Rentable Units: | Total Units less Non-Revenue Units at the end of the reporting period. |
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| Average Occupied Units: | Number of units occupied based on a daily average during the reporting period. |
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| Average Percent Occupied: | Percent of units occupied (Average Occupied Units divided by Total Units). |
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| Percent Leased: | Percent of Total Units leased at the end of the reporting period (number of leased units divided by Total Units). |
