Investments and Fair Value of Financial Instruments | 4. Investments and Fair Value of Financial Instruments Available-for-Sale Investments The Company classified short-term and long-term investments as “available-for-sale.” Investments are free of trading restrictions. The investments are carried at fair value, based on quoted market prices or other readily available market information. Unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is reflected as a separate component of stockholder’s equity (deficit) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains and losses are recognized when realized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The following tables summarize the amortized cost and fair value of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and the corresponding amounts of unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”): (Dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value June 30, 2017 Cash equivalents: Commercial paper 6,846 — — 6,846 Money market funds 2,077 — — 2,077 U.S. government agency securities 4,497 — — 4,497 Short-term investments: Certificates of Deposit 1,911 — (1 ) 1,910 Commercial paper 13,852 — — 13,852 U.S. government securities 9,990 — (9 ) 9,981 U.S. government agency securities 5,000 — (3 ) 4,997 Total Assets at Fair Value $ 44,173 $ — $ (13 ) $ 44,160 (Dollars in thousands) Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value December 31, 2016 Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 1,549 $ — $ — $ 1,549 Short-term investments: Certificates of Deposit 3,049 — (2 ) 3,047 Commercial paper 21,248 — — 21,248 U.S. government securities 19,267 — (9 ) 19,258 U.S. government agency securities 5,000 — (6 ) 4,994 Long-term investments: U.S. government securities 2,500 — (2 ) 2,498 Total Assets at Fair Value $ 52,613 $ — $ (19 ) $ 52,594 The Company did not have any investment categories that were in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than twelve months as of June 30, 2017. The unrealized gains and losses amounts above are included in AOCI. All short-term investments will mature in 2017 except for two totaling $3.9 million, which will mature in 2018. As of June 30, 2017, for fixed income securities that were in unrealized loss positions, the Company has determined that (i) it does not have the intent to sell any of these investments, and (ii) it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell any of these investments before recovery of the entire amortized cost basis. The Company anticipates that it will recover the entire amortized cost basis of such fixed income securities and has determined that no other-than-temporary impairments associated with credit losses were required to be recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017. Fair Value Measurement Fair value accounting is applied for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels, which are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to the valuation of these assets or liabilities, are as follows: • Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date. • Level 2 inputs are observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. • Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. The carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, approximated their fair values due to the short period of time to maturity or repayment. The fair value of the available-for-sale investments at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows: Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets at Fair Value Cash equivalents: Commercial paper $ — $ 6,846 $ — $ 6,846 Money market funds 2,077 — — 2,077 U.S. government securities — $ 4,497 — 4,497 Short-term investments: Certificates of Deposit — 1,910 — 1,910 Commercial paper — 13,852 — 13,852 U.S. government securities 9,981 — — 9,981 U.S. government agency securities — 4,997 — 4,997 Total Assets at Fair Value $ 12,058 $ 32,102 $ — $ 44,160 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets at Fair Value Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 1,549 $ — $ — $ 1,549 Short-term investments: Certificates of Deposit — 3,047 — 3,047 Commercial paper — 21,248 — 21,248 U.S. government securities 19,258 — — 19,258 U.S. government agency securities — 4,994 — 4,994 Long-term investments: U.S. government securities 2,498 — — 2,498 Total Assets at Fair Value $ 23,305 $ 29,289 $ — $ 52,594 The Company uses the market approach technique to value its financial instruments and there were no changes in valuation techniques during 2017 or 2016. The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and debt instruments. For accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, the carrying amounts of these financial instruments as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were considered representative of their fair values due to their short term to maturity or repayment. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates their fair value. The carrying values of long-term debt, approximate fair value and is principally measured using Level 2 inputs based on quoted market prices or pricing models using current market rates. |