Derivative financial instruments and Short positions | 9. Derivative financial instruments and Short positions The main risk factors associated to derivatives contracted are related to exchange rates, interest rates and stocks. To manage these and other market risk factors the Bank uses practices which include the measurement and follow up of the limit´s usage previously defined on internal committees, as well as the daily follow up of the portfolios values in risk, sensitivities and changes in the interest rate and exchange exposure, liquidity gaps, among other practices which allow the control and follow up on the main risk metrics that can affect the Bank´s position in the several markets which it acts. Based on this management model the Bank has accomplished its goal, using operations with derivatives, in optimize the relation risk/benefits even in situation with great volatility. The derivatives fair value is determined through quotation of market prices. The swaps contracts fair value is determined using discounted cash flow modeling techniques, reflecting suitable risk factors. The fair value of NDF and Future contracts are also determined based on the quotation of market prices for derivatives traded in specific chamber (i.e.. stock Exchange for example) or using the same methodology applied for swap contracts. The fair value of options derivatives (call and put) is determined based on the mathematical models, such as Black & Scholes, using yield rates, implied volatilities and the fair value of the corresponding asset. The current market prices are used to price the volatilities. For the derivatives which do not have prices directly disclosed by specific chamber, their fair values are obtained through pricing models which use market information, based on disclosed prices of more liquid assets. Interest rate curves and market volatilities are extracted from theses prices to be used as first input in these models. a) Trading and hedging derivatives a.1) Derivatives Recorded in the Balance Sheet and Compensation Accounts Portfolio Summary of Trading Derivative and Used as Hedge 2016 2015 2014 Assets Swap Differentials Receivable 15,781,207 15,321,646 22,312,106 Option Premiums to Exercise 553,217 935,520 895,684 Forward Contracts and Others 928,464 8,445,807 3,042,572 Total 17,262,888 24,702,973 26,250,362 Liabilities Swap Differentials Payable 14,643,016 12,267,819 20,154,760 Option Premiums Launched 385,183 1,166,002 827,757 Forward Contracts and Others 1,649,287 6,802,794 3,734,442 Total 16,677,486 20,236,615 24,716,959 Summary by Category Trading 2017 2016 2015 Notional Fair Value Notional Fair Value Notional Fair Value "Swap" 1,108,760 3,142,125 3,221,966 Assets 202,081,214 57,294,179 196,887,188 24,311,485 315,466,085 38,512,406 CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) 33,289,522 22,409,496 44,868,680 22,759,822 38,808,344 9,081,792 Fixed Interest Rate - Real 95,700,715 - 126,300,261 - 200,528,046 - Indexed to Price and Interest Rates 5,592,892 - 9,225,789 - 15,491,509 6,421,310 Foreign Currency 67,493,635 34,884,683 16,492,458 1,551,663 60,626,540 23,009,304 Others 4,450 - - - 11,646 - Liabilities 199,709,355 (56,185,419) 184,350,947 (21,169,360) 295,696,266 (35,290,440) CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) 16,664,176 - 23,178,722 - 32,000,584 - Fixed Interest Rate - Real 114,055,076 (21,687,884) 133,185,717 (17,414,147) 218,588,847 (35,280,694) Indexed to Price and Interest Rates 40,146,968 (34,107,210) 12,767,212 (3,518,297) 6,930,103 - Foreign Currency 28,420,467 - 15,049,776 (38,836) 38,176,732 (9,746) Others 422,668 (390,325) 169,520 (198,080) - - Options 190,061,609 168,034 175,841,405 (230,482) 91,877,351 67,927 Purchased Position 87,503,833 553,217 83,883,966 935,520 46,024,648 895,684 Call Option - US Dollar 9,369,821 169,542 12,693,748 181,463 5,018,652 665,655 Put Option - US Dollar 5,130,392 42,389 3,788,161 392,048 2,735,625 31,520 Call Option - Other 1,953,481 59,220 20,115,932 62,517 14,106,701 113,809 Interbank Market 1,185,310 389 17,391,500 7,062 13,114,822 93,435 Others (1) 768,171 58,831 2,724,432 55,455 991,879 20,374 Put Option - Other 71,050,139 282,066 47,286,125 299,492 24,163,670 84,700 Interbank Market 70,295,282 257,943 46,106,600 18,029 23,350,994 4,558 Others (1) 754,857 24,123 1,179,525 281,463 812,676 80,142 Sold Position 102,557,776 (385,183) 91,957,439 (1,166,002) 45,852,703 (827,757) Call Option - US Dollar 5,595,163 (117,059) 4,314,988 (141,172) 3,331,244 (596,729) Put Option - US Dollar 5,919,598 (77,145) 7,390,733 (952,407) 4,402,202 (73,815) Call Option - Other 19,880,180 (35,961) 30,441,646 (46,940) 14,567,407 (122,683) Interbank Market 19,151,110 (515) 27,597,764 (4,087) 13,730,262 (112,707) Others (1) 729,070 (35,446) 2,843,882 (42,853) 837,145 (9,976) Put Option - Other 71,162,835 (155,018) 49,810,072 (25,483) 23,551,850 (34,530) Interbank Market 70,494,622 (126,743) 49,245,495 (5,793) 23,218,228 (1,615) Others (1) 668,213 (28,275) 564,577 (19,690) 333,622 (32,915) Futures Contracts 161,725,596 - 104,651,180 - 184,191,204 - Purchased Position 54,806,022 - 40,396,456 - 41,186,341 - Exchange Coupon (DDI) 9,616,936 - 14,473,180 - 4,274,352 - Interest Rates (DI1 and DIA) 26,456,303 - 23,756,523 - 22,760,484 - Foreign Currency 16,733,437 - 1,393,538 - 11,710,934 - Indexes (2) 1,780,311 - 195,160 - 577,149 - Others 219,035 - 578,055 - 1,863,422 - Sold Position 106,919,574 - 64,254,724 - 143,004,863 - Exchange Coupon (DDI) 55,016,928 - 15,048,490 - 58,499,504 - Interest Rates (DI1 and DIA) 51,135,994 - 29,047,678 - 20,836,314 - Foreign Currency 745,849 - 17,384,256 - 35,463,589 - Indexes (2) 20,803 - 185,506 - 500,993 - Treasury Bonds/Notes - - 2,588,794 - 49,163 - Others - - - - 27,655,300 - Forward Contracts and Others 47,823,561 (720,823) 50,853,154 1,643,013 51,051,014 (691,870) Purchased Commitment 23,506,096 647,376 20,864,170 3,386,347 21,570,405 3,028,038 Currencies 21,525,220 618,007 19,951,984 3,391,275 21,570,405 2,690,632 Others 1,980,876 29,369 912,186 (4,928) - 337,406 Sold Commitment 24,317,465 (1,368,199) 29,988,984 (1,743,334) 29,480,609 (3,719,908) Currencies 22,096,104 (1,364,617) 29,911,406 (1,826,965) 29,140,219 (3,382,384) Others 2,221,361 (3,582) 77,578 83,631 340,390 (337,524) (1) Includes index options, mainly, options involving DI and CDI and shares. (2) Includes Bovespa index and S&P. a.2) Derivatives Financial Instruments by Counterparty Notional 2017 Related Financial Customers Parties Institutions (1) Total "Swap" 32,912,721 19,599,395 149,569,098 202,081,214 Options 11,263,513 1,240,309 177,557,787 190,061,609 Futures Contracts - - 161,725,596 161,725,596 Forward Contracts and Others 25,470,287 18,816,991 3,536,283 47,823,561 (1) Includes trades with B3 S.A. (Current Company Name of BM&FBovespa) and other securities and commodities exchanges. Notional 2016 2015 Related Financial Customers Parties Institutions (1) Total Total "Swap" 43,082,605 15,910,871 137,893,712 196,887,188 315,466,085 Options 5,916,105 839,182 169,086,118 175,841,405 91,877,351 Futures Contracts - - 104,651,180 104,651,180 184,191,204 Forward Contracts and Others 29,044,676 17,563,319 4,245,159 50,853,154 51,051,014 (1) Includes trades with B3 S.A. (Current Company Name of BM&FBovespa) and other securities and commodities exchanges. a.3) Derivatives Financial Instruments by Maturity Notional 2017 Up to From 3 to Over 3 Months 12 Months 12 Months Total "Swap" 20,705,247 51,021,102 130,354,865 202,081,214 Options 46,139,545 89,403,700 54,518,364 190,061,609 Futures Contracts 65,489,476 55,490,159 40,745,961 161,725,596 Forward Contracts and Others 25,015,557 14,250,495 8,557,509 47,823,561 Notional 2016 2015 Up to From 3 to Over 3 Months 12 Months 12 Months Total Total "Swap" 17,499,576 26,810,380 152,577,232 196,887,188 315,466,085 Options 10,785,982 10,624,762 154,430,661 175,841,405 91,877,351 Futures Contracts 66,298,799 16,041,642 22,310,739 104,651,180 184,191,204 Forward Contracts and Others 28,235,186 17,826,727 4,791,241 50,853,154 51,051,014 a.4) Derivatives by Market Trading Notional Stock Exchange (1) Over the Counter 2017 Total "Swap" 67,112,505 134,968,709 202,081,214 Options 172,144,700 17,916,909 190,061,609 Futures Contracts 161,725,596 - 161,725,596 Forward Contracts and Others 395,212 47,428,349 47,823,561 (1) Includes trades with B3 S.A. (Current Company Name of BM&FBovespa) and with Cetip, derived from its incorporation by B3. Notional Stock Exchange (1) Over the Counter 2016 2015 Cetip (2) Total Total "Swap" 133,759,441 61,856,098 1,271,649 196,887,188 315,466,085 Options 166,899,868 8,234,147 707,390 175,841,405 91,877,351 Futures Contracts 104,651,180 - - 104,651,180 184,191,204 Forward Contracts and Others - 35,427,573 15,425,581 50,853,154 51,051,014 (1) Includes trades with B3 S.A. (Current Company Name of BM&FBovespa) and with Cetip, derived from its incorporation by B3. (2) Includes amounts traded on other clearing houses. a.5) Hedge Accounting There are three types of hedge accounting: Fair Value Hedge, Cash Flow Hedge and Foreing Currency Investments Hedge. Fair Value Hedge Banco Santander's fair value strategy consists of hedging the exposure to changes in fair value related to recognized assets and liabilities. The adopted fair value management methodology segregates transactions by risk factor (e.g. Real/Dollar foreign exchange risk, fixed Reais interest rate risk, Dollar foreign exchange coupon risk, inflation risk, interest rate risk, etc.). The transactions generate exposures that are consolidated by risk factor and compared with internal pre-established limits. In order to hedge the changes of fair value in receivables and interest payments, Santander uses interest rate Swap contracts related to pre-fixed assets and liabilities. Banco Santander applies fair value hedge as follows: • It buys Foreign Currency + Coupon against % CDI swaps (sold jointly to the client) and designates them as a derivative instrument in a Hedge Accounting structure, having foreign currency loans as the hedged item. The operations were designated in January 2016 and its maturity is between January 2017 and 2021. • Banco Santander has a portfolio of loan assets issued in foreign currency - Dollar at a fixed rate in the Balance Sheet of the “Santander EFC” (subsidiary in Spain), which operations are registered in euro. In order to manage this mismatch, the Bank designates each Foreign Currency Floating EUR X Fixed Dollar swap as the fair value hedge of the corresponding loan. The hedging operations were designated in 2013 and the related Swaps will mature between June 2017 and 2020. • Banco Santander has a portfolio of Euro-indexed Assets traded in Cayman subsidiary. For this portfolio, the value of the asset in Euro will be converted into Dollar at the agreed exchange rate, on the recording date of the transaction. After the conversion, the principal, already denominated in Dollar will be restated by % CDI or a pre-fixed rate. The Assets will be covered by Cross Currency Swaps in order to transfer the risk in Dollar to LIBOR + Coupon. The hedging operations were designated in February 2017 and will mature between February 2017 and 2024. • Banco Santander has a portfolio of Reais-indexed Assets traded in Cayman subsidiary. For this portfolio, the value of the Dollar asset will be converted into Reais at the exchange rate agreed on the recording date of the transaction. After the conversion, the principal, already denominated in Reais will be restated by % CDI or a pre-fixed rate. The Assets will be covered by Cross Currency Swaps in order to transfer the risk in Reais to LIBOR + Coupon. The hedging operations were designated in January 2016 and will mature between January 2017 and 2021. Santander Arrendamento Mercantil (Leasing) has a portfolio of public securities indexed by Predefined interest rate Brazilian Treasury Bonds (NTN-F). The Bank designates each CDI versus Pre-defined interest rate swap contract as the fair value hedge of the corresponding asset. The hedging operations were designated in October 2017 and will mature between January 2018 and 2021. • Banco Santander has a portfolio of public securities indexed by Predefined interest rate Brazilian Treasury Bonds (LTN/NTN-F) and designate them as fair value hedge objects. These assets will be hedged by Future Contracts (derivatives indexed by DI1 - B3/BM&F) with the objective to swap the Predefined interest rate risk to floating CDI risk. The hedge operations were designated in March 2017 and will mature between January 2018 and 2027. In order to assess the effectiveness and measure the ineffectiveness of the strategies, the institution complies with international accounting standard IAS 39, which requires that the effectiveness test be performed at the beginning (prospective test) of the hedge structure and be repeated periodically (prospective and retrospective tests) in order to demonstrate that the hedge ratio remains effective. a) Prospective test: In accordance with the standard, the prospective test must be performed on the inception date and on a quarterly basis in order to demonstrate that the expectations regarding the effectiveness of the hedge ratio are high. a.1) Initial prospective test : it is restricted to a qualitative review of the critical terms and conditions of the hedge instrument and the hedged item in order to conclude whether changes in the fair value of both instruments are expected to fully offset each other. a.2) Periodic prospective test: the sensitivity of the fair value of the hedged item and the hedging instrument will be periodically computed at a parallel variation of 10 basis points in the interest rate curve. For the purposes of effectiveness, these two sensitivity ratios should be between 80% and 125%. b) Retrospective test: the retrospective effectiveness test will be performed by comparing the MTM change of the hedge instrument since the inception date with the MTM change of the hedged object since the inception date, excluding the transaction's liquidity and credit spread: In fair value hedges, gains or losses, both on hedge instruments and hedge objects (attributable to the type of risk being hedged) are recognized directly in the consolidated income statement. The linear regression model of the daily results and coefficient of determination for both tests (prospective and regressive) was used to evaluate the effectiveness and to measure the ineffectiveness of the Government Securities Bonds (LTN / NTN-F), demonstrating that the hedge remains effective. 2017 2016 2015 Hedge Structure Effective Portion Accumulated Portion Effective Portion Accumulated Portion Ineffective Effective Portion Accumulated Portion Ineffective Fair Value Hedge Debentures - - - - 10,502 - Brazilian Treasury Bonds (LTN, NTN-F) (388,446) - - - - - Eurobonds - - 13,163 - 2,051 - Bonds (LEA) (1,200) - - - - - NCE - - - - 53,131 - Resolution 2770 304 - - - 35,338 - Trade Finance Off (57,386) - 20,471 - 11,046 - Total (446,728) - 33,634 - 112,068 - 2017 2016 2015 Adjustment Adjustment Adjustment to Market Fair Value to Market Fair Value to Market Fair Value Hedge Instruments Swap Contracts (95,672) (130,683) (26,703) (136,467) (66,990) 86,822 Assets 12,954 3,005,666 11,486 1,046,012 57,829 7,130,753 CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) (5) (357) 1,818,366 - - 4,376 1,783,075 Fixed Interest Rate - Real - - - - 27,184 3,549,659 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Dollar (1) 320 8,742 1,103 17,678 790 94,472 Indexed to Foreign Currency - USD/BRL - Dollar (2)(3) (4) (23,585) 691,872 (8,957) 744,260 (10,904) 665,025 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Libor - Dollar - - - - 1,962 612,623 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Swiss Franc - - - - - - Indexed to Foreign Currency - Euro (6)(7) 36,576 486,686 19,340 284,074 34,347 390,156 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre YEN - - - - 74 35,743 Liabilities (108,626) (3,136,349) (38,189) (1,182,479) (124,819) (7,043,931) Indexed to Foreign Currency - US Dollar (6) (20,109) (261,915) (14,958) (323,197) (55,892) (1,082,503) Indexed Indices of Prices and Interest - - - - (30,982) (831,156) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Dollar (5) (16,303) (225,857) (1,103) (17,676) - - CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) (1)(2) (21,380) (474,398) (18,395) (804,059) (12,298) (3,279,438) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Libor - US Dollar - - - - (61) (41,513) Fixed Interest Rate - Real (3) (8) 22 (1,640,708) (3,733) (37,547) (25,586) (1,809,321) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Colombian Peso (7) (13,863) (219,392) - - - - Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Euro (4) (36,993) (314,079) - - - - Object of Hedge Assets 77,623 3,126,828 23,165 693,132 110,003 3,103,783 Loans and Receivables 79,496 1,382,326 23,165 693,132 94,104 2,218,727 Indexed to Foreign Currency - US Dollar (6) 4,319 288,420 4,809 323,780 42,348 1,295,383 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Dollar (5) 16,416 224,943 - - - - Indexed Indices of Prices and Interest (2) - - - - 52,984 916,765 CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) 16,401 352,071 13,253 331,805 - - Fixed Interest Rate - Real (3) 3,900 21,077 5,103 37,547 (1,228) 6,579 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Colombian Peso (7) (2,898) 173,990 - - - - Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Euro (4) 41,358 321,825 - - - - Debt instruments (1,873) 1,744,502 - - 15,899 885,056 CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) (1)(2) 354 119,892 - - 10,578 503,415 Fixed Interest Rate - Real (3) 91 6,082 - - 5,321 381,641 National Treasury Notes - NTN F (9) (2,318) 1,618,529 - - - - Liabilities - - 12,830 (803,929) (8,383) (3,520,951) Foreign Borrowings - - 12,830 (803,929) (8,342) (3,485,167) Indexed to Foreign Currency - US Dollar (2) - - 12,830 (803,929) (8,342) (3,485,167) Marketable debt securities - - - - (41) (35,784) Eurobonds - - - - (41) (35,784) 12/31/2017 Hedge Instruments Swap Contracts (8) 22,206,615 Interest Rate (DI1 and DIA) 22,206,615 12/31/2017 Adjustment Object of Hedge to Market Fair Value Assets 364,434 24,779,831 Securities - Available for Sale Government Securities (8) 364,434 24,779,831 National Treasury Bills - LTN 219,611 13,893,932 National Treasury Notes - NTN F 144,823 10,885,899 (1) Passive instruments whose hedged items are securities represented by promissory notes indexed in Certificates of Interbank Deposits (CDI) with market value of R$109,538 (12/31/2016 - R$108,845). (2) These are passive instruments whose hedge items are credit operations and securities represented by promissory notes indexed in interbank deposit certificates (CDI), with market value of credit operations of R$352,071 and promissory notes of R$10,354 (12/31/2016 - R$108,844 and 12/31/2015 - 381,641) and on December 31, 2017 assets instruments whose hedged items are foreign currency indexed bonds denominated in foreign currency - US dollar in the market value of R$803,929 (12/31/2016 - 803,929). (3) These are passive instruments whose hedged items are securities and securities represented by promissory notes indexed to Real interest rates with market value of R$6,082 (12/31/2016 - R$37,547 and 12/31/2015 - R$6,579) and credit operations in the amount of R$21,077. (4) These are passive instruments whose hedged items are credit operations indexed in foreign currency - euro at the market value of R$321,825. (5) These are passive instruments whose hedged items are credit operations indexed in foreign currency - US dollar in the market value of R$224,943. (6) These are passive instruments whose hedge items are credit operations indexed in foreign currency - US dollar with a market value of R$288,420 (12/31/2016 - R$323,782). (7) These are passive instruments whose hedged items are credit operations indexed in foreign currency - Colombian peso with market value of R$173,990. (8) Tthese are obligations over instruments whose hedged items are pre-fixed government securities with a market value e of R$1,618,529. (9) Current value of the instruments as of December 31, 2017 is R22,206,615. Cash Flow Hedge Banco Santander's cash flow hedge strategies consist of hedging exposure to changes in cash flows, interest payments and the exchange rate, which are attributable to changes in the interest rates related to recognized assets and liabilities and changes in the exchange rate of non-recognized assets and liabilities. Banco Santander applies cash flow hedges as follows: • Fixed Dollar Liabilities and Reais asset swaps and designates them as instruments in a Cash Flow Hedge structure, having loans indexed in Reais with third-parties established at the Cayman Islands as the hedged objects. The hedging operations were designated in January 2016 and will mature between January 2017 and 2021. • USD futures or DDI + DI Futures (Synthetic Dollar Futures) and designates them as instruments in a Cash Flow Hedge structure, having part of its dollar Loan portfolio as the hedged objects. The hedging operations were designated in 2007 and will mature between January 2017 and 2025. • Fixed Dollar Asset and Floating Reais Liability swaps and designates them as instruments in a Cash Flow Hedge structure, having loans indexed in Reais with third-parties established at the Cayman Islands as the hedged objects. The hedging operations were designated in January 2017 and will mature in January 2018. • It buys Fixed Dollar Asset and Floating Reais Liability swaps and designates them as instrument in a Cash Flow Hedge structure, having loans indexed in Reais with with an Investment Fund established at the Cayman Islands as the hedged item. The hedging operations were designated in June 2017 and will mature until February 2018. • Banco Santander has a portfolio of Government Securities indexed to a Post Fixed rate bonds and designates them as instrument in a Cash Flow Hedge structure. The Assets will be covered by DI1 Futuro (B3 S.A. (Current Company Name of BM&FBovespa)), instruments in order to transpose the Post-Fixed risk to floating CDI. The hedge operations were designated in June 2017 and the maturities will occur between January 2021 and 2023. In order to assess the effectiveness and measure the ineffectiveness of these strategies, Banco Santander follows the IAS 39, which recommends that the hedge effectiveness test be performed at the inception/beginning (prospective test) of the hedge structure and be repeated periodically (prospective and retrospective tests) in order to demonstrate that the expected hedge ratio remains effective (between 80% and 125%). In this hedge strategy the effectiveness tests (prospective and retrospective) are conducted through creation of two hypothetical derivatives, one for the object and another for the instrument. The hypothetical derivative of the object is a conceptual swap where the liability leg simulates the “stable portion” to be protected and the asset leg is identical to the Pre-fixed leg of the derivative designated as hedge. For the hypothetical derivative of the instrument the asset leg will be set by the number of contracts of the future and the liability leg will be the pre-fixed rate negotiated on the acquisition of these contracts. The hypothetical derivative is stable once the contracts are kept until the maturity. Any ineffectiveness will be recognized in profit or loss. Any ineffectiveness are recognized in the income statement. a) Prospective Test: in accordance with the standard, the prospective test should be performed on the inception date and on a quarterly basis in order to demonstrate that the expectations regarding the effectiveness of the hedge ratio are high. However, the tests are carried out on a monthly basis in order to monitor the projections in a proactive and more efficient manner, in addition to ensuring better maintenance of test-related routines. a.1) Periodic Prospective Test: According to the agreed process flow, Market Risk Department performs the projections of three scenarios to the tests, such as: 1st) 10bps in the curve; 2nd) 50bps in the curve and, 3rd) 100bps in the curve. Using the validated estimates, the prospective test are performed tests through the valuation of both positions measured at fair value. a.2) Initial Prospective Test: the methodology of the periodic prospective test should also be applied on the initial date of each new strategy. b) Retrospective Test: It should be made monthly with historical data to demonstrate cumulatively that the hedge was effective, according to the methodology presented previously. Any ineffectiveness are recognized in the income statement. The Ineffective portion will be recognized through the prospective hedge test. Effectiveness should range between 80% and 125%. In cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the value of the hedge instruments is temporarily recognized in equity heading “Other comprehensive income - cash flow hedges” until the expected transactions occur, when this portion is then recognized in the consolidated income statement. However, if the expected transactions result in the recognition of non-financial assets or liabilities, this portfolio will be included in the cost of financial assets or liabilities. The non-effective portion of the change in the value of foreign exchange hedge derivatives is recognized directly in the consolidated income statement. The non-effective portion of gains and losses on cash flow hedge instruments in a foreign operation is recognized directly in “Gains (losses) with (net) financial assets and liabilities” in the consolidated income statement. In 2017 the Bank registered an income in the amount of R$ 9,266 referred to the non-effective portion, in 2016 and 2015 there were no non-effective portion identified. 2017 2016 2015 Hedge Structure Effective Portion Accumulated Portion Ineffective Effective Portion Accumulated Portion Ineffective Effective Portion Accumulated Portion Ineffective Cash Flow Hedge Eurobonds (25,576) - (20,535) - (29,750) - Trade Finance Off (94,896) 9,266 - - - - Government Securities (LFT) 129,995 - - - - - Loans and Receivables - - 174,956 - (575,571) - Total 9,523 9,266 154,421 - (605,321) - 2017 2016 2015 Adjustment Adjustment Adjustment to Fair Value Fair Value to Fair Value Fair Value to Fair Value Fair Value Hedge Instruments Swap Contracts (25,142) 160,114 (27,261) 48,169 (35,492) (1,151,442) Asset 97,846 2,361,070 137,664 1,952,189 151,793 7,931,100 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Swiss Franc - - - - 6,998 1,244,985 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Chile - - - - 1,622 302,907 Indexed in Reais (3) - - - - (13,690) 3,733,095 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Dollar (42,149) 992,879 84,812 1,477,821 127,632 2,170,572 Indexed to Foreign Currency - Euro 134,435 1,223,004 52,852 474,368 29,231 479,541 Indexed to Foreign Currency - USD/BRL - Dollar 5,560 145,187 - - - - Liabilities (122,988) (2,200,956) (164,925) (1,904,020) (187,285) (9,082,542) CDI (Interbank Deposit Rates) (5,735) (147,925) (995) (341,938) - - Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Dollar - - - - (17,767) (6,598,073) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Reais - - (1,288) (199,954) - (22,855) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Pre Euro 13,639 (895,399) (102,998) (805,326) (133,376) (1,851,822) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Dollar (130,892) (1,157,632) (59,367) (548,684) (34,379) (544,339) Indexed to Foreign Currency - Reais - - (277) (8,118) (1,763) (65,453) 2017 2016 2015 Notional Notional Notional Hedge Instruments Future Contracts 54,995,334 80,149,530 72,798,063 Trade Finance Operations (6) 54,995,334 80,149,530 72,798,063 Foreign Currency - Dollar 3,362,582 450,571 2,651,572 Interest Rate (DI1 and DIA) 32,344,276 46,314,644 34,303,028 Interest Rate DDI1 19,288,476 33,384,315 35,843,463 Securities-available for sale 5,304,261 - - Government Securities (6) 5,304,261 - - Interest rate (DI1 and DIA) 5,304,261 - - 2017 2016 2015 Hedge Item - Cost Assets 25,697,291 27,858,923 37,251,860 Lending Operations - Financing and Export Credit and Imports 7,632,915 24,720,800 35,743,885 Loans and Receivables 10,989,230 496,874 641,421 Brazilian Foreign Debt Bonds 809,660 701,300 866,554 Available for sale - Promissory Notes - NP 1,194,266 1,939,949 - Government Securities -LFT (6) 5,071,220 - - Liabilities - (1,332,972) (1,995,118) Foreign Borrowings - (1,332,972) - Eurobonds - - (1,995,118) (1) Operations due April 1, 2021 (12/31/2016 - operations due April 1, 2021 and 12/31/2015 - operations due March, 18, 2016 and April 1,2021), which hedge objects are securities operation represented by title Brazilian External Debt Bonds. (2) Operation maturing on January 5 and April 14, 2018, whose hedged items are securities represented by promissory notes. (3) Operations maturing between January, 30 2018 and September 30, 2022 (12/31/2016 - operations maturing between January, 2017 to December, 2025 and 12/31/2015 - operations maturing between August 2016 and June 2021), which objects "hedge" contracts are loans from lending institutions. (4) Operations with maturities between January 2018 and December 2020, whose hedge items are deposits with interbank deposit certificates (CDI), bills of exchange (LC) and financial letters (LF). (5) Transactions with maturity between February, 2018 and November, 2026 (12/31/2016 - transactions with maturities between January, 2017 to January, 2018 and 12/31/2015 - transactions with maturities between January, 2016 to December, 2024) and restated instrument value of R$16,811,747 (12/31/2016 - R$29,164,917 and 12/31/2015 - R$35,743,844) where operations are denominated futures in US dollars and futures in DI and IDD when used in conjunction with the foreign exchange coupon hedges the trade finance operations, whose hedge is Lending Operation - Financing and Credit to Export and Imports, lending operations, other credits, securities represented by promissory notes and foreign loan obligations. (6) Operation maturingbetween March, 2021 and March, 2023 updated value of the instruments of R$5,304,261, whose object of "hedge" are Financial Treasury Bills - LFT, recorded in securities. The effect of marking to market the swaps and future contracts corresponds to a credit in the amount of R$116,441 (2016 - corresponds to a debit in the amount of R$69,489 and 2015 - corresponds to a debit in the amount of R$345,373) accounted on Stockholders equity, net of tax effects, of which R$9,342 (12/31/2016 - R$59,930) will be realized in the next twelve months. Hedging of Foreign Investments Banco Santander reevaluated the investment structure of the wholly-owned subsidiary in Madrid (EFC), as it noted that due to the change in the strategy of the operation in practice, this subsidiary has a business model in which the Bank has a significant influence on driving and decision-making of its activities. According to the concept discussed in IAS 21, Management concluded that the functional currency of this investment is the Real and, therefore, this change becomes effective prospectively as from January 2017. In addition, the Hedge Accounting structure of Foreign investment that Banco Santander had on this investment was discontinued as of the date of change of the functional currency. In this way, the functional currency of Santander EFC and the Cayman agency is Real and the exchange rate differences of operations in foreign currency are recorded in the income statement. In order to hedge the exchange rate exposures, the Bank uses derivatives, and for both investments abroad the Bank does not apply Hedge Accounting. Foreign exchange variations on foreign currency transactions and the effect of derivatives used in economic protection (futures contracts) are recorded in the income statement. On December 31, 2016, the notional value of this investment hedge was R$2,687,347, maturing between January 2017 and June 2017 and the effect of R$2,552,596 of the exchange variation recorded in stockholders' equity, net of the tax effects. a.6) Derivatives Pledged as Guarantee The margin used as guarantee of the transactions traded on the B3 S.A. with derivative financial instruments from own and third parties portfolios are composed by government securities. 2017 2016 2015 Financial Treasury Bill - LFT 708,960 1,556,804 330,605 National Treasury Bill - LTN 4,371,286 4,636,644 8,757,097 National Treasury Notes - NTN 1,193,315 27,598 757,969 Total 6,273,561 6,221,046 9,845,671 b) Short positions On December 31, 2017 the balance of short positions totaled R$32,808,392 (2016 - R$31,694,269 and 2015 - R$20,047,631) which includes the amount of financial liabilities resulting from the direct sale of financial assets purchased through resale or loan commitments. |