Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Principles of Consolidation | ' |
Principles of consolidation |
The consolidated financial statements include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
Nature of Operations | ' |
Nature of operations |
The Company is a holding company whose principal activity is the ownership and management of its wholly owned subsidiary, Athens Federal Community Bank (the “Bank”). The Bank provides a variety of financial services to individuals and corporate customers through its seven branches located in Athens, Sweetwater, Etowah, Madisonville, and Cleveland, Tennessee. The Bank’s primary deposit products include checking, savings, certificates of deposit, and IRA accounts. Its primary lending products are one-to-four family residential, commercial real estate, and consumer loans. Southland Finance, Inc. (“Southland”) is a consumer finance company with one branch located in Athens, Tennessee. Ti-Serv, Inc. (“Ti-Serv”) maintains the Bank’s investment in Valley Title Services, LLC (“Valley Title”). Southland and Ti-Serv are wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Bank. Valley Title is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ti-Serv. |
Use of Estimates | ' |
Use of estimates |
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of deferred tax assets, other-than-temporary impairment of securities, and the fair value of financial instruments. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | ' |
Cash and cash equivalents |
For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and balances due from banks, money market mutual funds and federal funds sold, all of which mature within ninety days. |
Interest-Bearing Time Deposits in Banks | ' |
Interest-bearing time deposits in banks |
Interest-bearing time deposits in banks have a maturity of one year or less and are carried at cost. |
Securities | ' |
Securities |
Debt securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Securities held to maturity are carried at amortized cost. The amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the period to maturity. |
Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses on securities available for sale are included in other income and, when applicable, are reported as a reclassification adjustment, net of tax, in other comprehensive income. Gains and losses on sales of securities are determined on the specific-identification method. Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. |
The Company conducts a regular assessment of its securities portfolio to determine whether any securities are other-than-temporarily impaired. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other factors, the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery. The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospects for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value for a debt security is determined to be other-than-temporary, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into (a) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security (the credit loss) and (b) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. |
Loans | ' |
Loans |
The Company grants mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage and commercial real estate loans located primarily in the East Tennessee area. The ability of the Company’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and general economic conditions in this area. |
Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off generally are stated at unpaid principal balances, less the allowance for loan losses, net deferred loan origination fees and costs, and unearned interest and fees. |
Loan fees, net of estimated initial direct cost relating to initiating and closing mortgage loans, have been deferred and are being amortized into interest income over the remaining contractual lives of the loans as an adjustment of yield using the level yield method. |
Unearned interest on consumer finance loans is recognized as income over the terms of the loans using a declining balance method. Interest on other loans is calculated using the simple interest method on the principal outstanding. |
The accrual of interest on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due unless the credit is well-secured and in process of collection. Other personal loans are typically charged off no later than 120 days past due. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. |
All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on non-accrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. |
Allowance for Loan Losses | ' |
Allowance for loan losses |
The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. |
The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectibility of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. |
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Allowance for loan losses (Continued) |
The allowance consists of allocated and general components. The allocated component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For those loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical charge-off experience and expected loss given default derived from the Company’s internal risk rating process. Other adjustments may be made to the allowance for pools of loans after an assessment of internal or external influences on credit quality that are not fully reflected in the historical loss or risk rating data. |
As part of management’s assessment of the allowance, management divides the loan portfolio into five segments: commercial, residential 1-4 family, commercial real estate and multi-family, construction and land and consumer and other. Each segment is then analyzed such that a specific and general allocation of the allowance is estimated for each loan segment. |
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis by either the present value of future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. |
Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Bank does not separately identify individual consumer loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are the subject of a restructuring agreement due to financial difficulties of the borrower. |
The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the uncertainties inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. |
Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk | ' |
Significant group concentrations of credit risk |
Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located in East Tennessee. The types of securities that the Company invests in are included in Note 3. The types of lending the Company engages in are included in Note 5. The Company does not have any significant lending concentrations to any one customer or industry. |
Commercial real estate, including commercial construction loans, represents 37.6 percent of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2013, and 36.4 percent of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2012. |
Servicing | ' |
Servicing |
Generally, servicing assets are recognized as separate assets when rights are acquired through purchase or through sale of financial assets. For sales of mortgage loans, a portion of the cost of originating the loan is allocated to the servicing right based on fair value. Fair value is based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts, when available, or alternatively, is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, the custodial earnings rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds, and default rates and losses. |
The Company has not recorded any servicing assets or liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing, because the benefits received for servicing approximate the costs incurred by the Company for its servicing responsibilities. |
Servicing fee income is recorded for fees earned for servicing loans. The fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal; or a fixed amount per loan and are recorded as income when earned. The Company primarily services loans for the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation. |
Foreclosed Real Estate | ' |
Foreclosed real estate |
Foreclosed real estate is held for sale and is initially recorded at fair value less estimated selling cost at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed and any write-downs are recorded as a charge to operations, if necessary, to reduce the carrying value of a property to the lower of its cost or fair value less cost to sell. Costs of significant property improvements are capitalized, whereas costs relating to holding property are expensed. The portion of interest costs relating to development of real estate (if any) is capitalized. |
Premises and Equipment | ' |
Premises and equipment |
Land is carried at cost. Other premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation, computed using a combination of accelerated and straight-line methods, is based on estimated useful lives of three to forty years. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred while major additions and improvements are capitalized. Gains and losses on dispositions are included in current operations. |
Cash Surrender Value of Bank Owned Life Insurance | ' |
Cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance |
The Company maintains bank-owned life insurance policies (“BOLI”) on certain key executives and directors to help offset the rising cost of employee benefits and to assist in the funding of deferred compensation and other employee benefits. BOLI is accounted for using the cash surrender value method and is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance policies at the balance sheet date. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the aggregate cash surrender value of these policies was $9,813,000 and $9,512,000, respectively. |
Income Taxes | ' |
Income taxes |
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with income tax accounting guidance in ASC Topic 740. The income tax accounting guidance results in two components of income tax expense—current and deferred. Current income tax expense reflects taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period by applying the provisions of the enacted tax law to taxable income or loss. The Company determines deferred income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is based on the tax effects of the differences between the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The Company’s deferred taxes relate primarily to differences between the basis of the allowance for loan losses and accumulated depreciation. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. The Company files consolidated income tax returns with its subsidiary. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2010. |
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the tax position will be realized or sustained upon examination. The Company follows the statutory requirements for its income tax accounting and generally avoids risks associated with potentially problematic tax positions that may be challenged upon examination. The Company recognizes interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax expense. |
Advertising Costs | ' |
Advertising costs |
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. |
Variable Interest Entities | ' |
Variable interest entities |
An entity is referred to as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) if it meets the criteria outlined in ASC Topic 810, which are: (1) the entity has equity that is insufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (2) the entity has equity investors that cannot make significant decisions about the entity’s operations or that do not absorb the expected losses or receive the expected returns of the entity. A VIE must be consolidated by the Company if it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, which is the party involved with the VIE that has a majority of the expected losses, expected residual returns, or both. At December 31, 2013, the Company was not involved with any entity that is deemed to be a VIE. |
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase | ' |
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
The Bank enters into sales of securities under agreements to repurchase identical securities the next day. |
Segment Reporting | ' |
Segment reporting |
ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, provides for the identification of reportable segments on the basis of discrete business units and their financial information to the extent such units are reviewed by an entity’s chief decision maker (which can be an individual or group of management persons). The Statement permits aggregation or combination of segments that have similar characteristics. In the operations of the Bank and its subsidiaries, each bank branch is viewed by management as being a separately identifiable business or segment from the perspective of monitoring performance and allocation of financial resources. Although the branches operate independently and are managed and monitored separately, each is substantially similar in terms of business focus, type of customers, products, and services. Further, the results of Southland and Ti-Serv, Inc. for the years ended |
December 31, 2013 and 2012, were not significant for separate disclosure. Accordingly, the Company’s consolidated financial statements reflect the presentation of segment information on an aggregated basis in one reportable segment. |
Transfers of Financial Assets | ' |
Transfers of financial assets |
Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity or the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return specific assets. |
The Company originates fixed-rate mortgage loans for sale to secondary market investors subject to contractually specified and limited recourse provisions. The Company may be required to repurchase a previously sold mortgage loan if there is material noncompliance with defined loan origination or documentation standards, including fraud, negligence or material misstatement in the loan documents. The Company has been notified by FHLMC that two loans previously sold to them may not have qualified under their terms of purchase, and the Company may be required to repurchase these loans in the future. At December 31, 2013, the aggregate outstanding balance of loans subject to this recourse obligation was approximately $18,000. No loans were required to be repurchased for the years ended December 31, 2013 or December 31, 2012. Recourse obligations, if any, are determined based upon an estimate of probable credit losses over the term of the loan, and are not significant to the consolidated financial statements. Loans held for sale are classified as loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and were not significant for the years ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. All loans held for sale at December 31, 2013 closed within ten days of year end. |
Earnings Per Share | ' |
Earnings per share |
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed in a manner similar to that of basic EPS except that the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding is increased to include the number of incremental common shares (computed using the treasury stock method) that would have been outstanding if all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents such as stock options were vested during the period. |
Stock Option Plan | ' |
Stock option plan |
The Company recognizes compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. Compensation cost has been measured based on the grant date fair value of the equity instruments issued. Compensation cost is calculated and recognized over the employee service period, generally defined as the vesting period. The Company uses a stock option pricing model to determine the fair value of the award on the grant date. |
Employee Stock Ownership Plan | ' |
Employee stock ownership plan |
The Company accounts for the Bank’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) in accordance with the GAAP. ESOP shares are considered to be outstanding for the computation of EPS as they are committed to be released. |
Comprehensive Income | ' |
Comprehensive income |
Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income includes unrealized gains on securities available for sale, and unrealized losses related to factors other than credit losses on debt securities. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | ' |
Recent accounting pronouncements |
In February 2013, the FASB issued updated guidance related to disclosure of reclassification amounts out of other comprehensive income. The standard requires that companies present either in a single note or parenthetically on the face of the financial statements, the effect of significant amounts reclassified from each component of accumulated other comprehensive income based on its source and the income statement line items affected by the reclassification. The new requirement was effective for public companies in fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2012. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2013. The effect of adopting this standard increased our disclosure requirements surrounding reclassification items out of accumulated other comprehensive income. |
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Recent accounting pronouncements (Continued) |
The Company has determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or do not apply to its operations. |
Subsequent Events | ' |
Subsequent events |
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this annual report. |
Reclassifications | ' |
Reclassifications |
Certain amounts in the 2012 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2013 presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income, total assets or stockholders’ equity as previously reported. |
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures | ' |
The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. In accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. |
ASC Topic 820 provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions. |
ASC Topic 820 also establishes a three-tier fair value which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value, as follows: |
Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. |
Level 2—Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. |
Level 3—Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. |
A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. There have been no changes in the methodologies used at December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
Receivables | ' |
Loans: |
For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. Fair value for fixed-rate loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market interest rates for comparable loans. These are reflected within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan is considered impaired and an allowance for loan losses is established. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 310, Receivables. The fair value of impaired loans is estimated using several methods including collateral value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. At December 31, 2013, substantially all of the total impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of collateral. In accordance with ASC Topic 310, impaired loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. When the fair value of the collateral is based on the observable market price or a current, independent appraised value, the Company records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 2. The Company records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 3 when management has become aware of events that have significantly impacted the condition or marketability of the collateral since the most recent appraisal which are not observable market prices. Also, certain impaired loans recorded as nonrecurring Level 3 are evaluated based on a discounted cash flow methodology comparing the contractual rate against the modified rate. In this case, management will reduce the appraisal value based on factors determined by their judgment and collective knowledge of the collateral and market conditions. |