Debt and Equity Securities | Note 3 – Debt and Equity Securities On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted updated accounting guidance which changes the impairment methodology for available-for-sale debt securities. Under the new guidance, when the fair value of an available-for-sale debt security falls below its amortized cost, entities must determine whether the decline in fair value is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. Declines in fair value that are credit-related are now recorded on the balance sheet through an allowance for credit losses with a corresponding adjustment to earnings and declines that are noncredit-related are recognized through other comprehensive income/loss. Investments in debt securities, classified as available-for-sale, are as follows: (in thousands) Amortized Allowance for credit losses (1) Gross unrealized Estimated Gains Losses March 31, 2020 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 120,676 $ — $ 2,032 $ — $ 122,708 Municipal bonds 1,008,935 — 41,978 (1,971 ) 1,048,942 Foreign government bonds 154,968 (399 ) 4,254 (525 ) 158,298 Governmental agency bonds 285,947 — 13,153 (5 ) 299,095 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 3,264,553 — 91,671 (7,848 ) 3,348,376 U.S. corporate debt securities 547,250 (5,886 ) 12,250 (14,333 ) 539,281 Foreign corporate debt securities 329,595 (1,208 ) 3,121 (8,678 ) 322,830 $ 5,711,924 $ (7,493 ) $ 168,459 $ (33,360 ) $ 5,839,530 December 31, 2019 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 143,825 $ — $ 469 $ (353 ) $ 143,941 Municipal bonds 1,043,252 — 47,804 (217 ) 1,090,839 Foreign government bonds 179,554 — 1,497 (961 ) 180,090 Governmental agency bonds 316,318 — 5,820 (219 ) 321,919 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 3,241,966 — 43,599 (7,307 ) 3,278,258 U.S. corporate debt securities 535,878 — 18,466 (972 ) 553,372 Foreign corporate debt securities 335,962 — 9,468 (213 ) 345,217 $ 5,796,755 $ — $ 127,123 $ (10,242 ) $ 5,913,636 (1) Represents the amount of impairment resulting from credit-related factors and is included in net realized investment gains/losses in the condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Sales of debt securities resulted in realized gains of $6.2 million and $3.1 million, realized losses of $1.3 million and $3.0 million, and proceeds of $209.4 million and $391.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross unrealized losses on investments in debt securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, are as follows: Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total (in thousands) Estimated fair value Unrealized losses Estimated fair value Unrealized losses Estimated fair value Unrealized losses March 31, 2020 Municipal bonds $ 64,810 $ (1,965 ) $ 790 $ (6 ) $ 65,600 $ (1,971 ) Foreign government bonds 32,427 (525 ) — — 32,427 (525 ) Governmental agency bonds 1,540 (5 ) — — 1,540 (5 ) Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 451,608 (3,315 ) 478,847 (4,533 ) 930,455 (7,848 ) U.S. corporate debt securities 225,547 (13,868 ) 2,869 (465 ) 228,416 (14,333 ) Foreign corporate debt securities 195,407 (8,629 ) 698 (49 ) 196,105 (8,678 ) $ 971,339 $ (28,307 ) $ 483,204 $ (5,053 ) $ 1,454,543 $ (33,360 ) December 31, 2019 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 12,507 $ (350 ) $ 3,193 $ (3 ) $ 15,700 $ (353 ) Municipal bonds 29,333 (207 ) 2,827 (10 ) 32,160 (217 ) Foreign government bonds 112,167 (934 ) 11,001 (27 ) 123,168 (961 ) Governmental agency bonds 24,493 (142 ) 14,923 (77 ) 39,416 (219 ) Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 719,602 (2,785 ) 637,009 (4,522 ) 1,356,611 (7,307 ) U.S. corporate debt securities 42,607 (451 ) 10,216 (521 ) 52,823 (972 ) Foreign corporate debt securities 30,895 (108 ) 12,373 (105 ) 43,268 (213 ) $ 971,604 $ (4,977 ) $ 691,542 $ (5,265 ) $ 1,663,146 $ (10,242 ) Based on the Company’s review of its debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, it determined that the losses were due to non-credit factors, such as the sharp increase in market volatility due to the recent disruption in global financial markets as a result of the coronavirus pandemic and responses to it. As such, the Company does not consider these securities to be credit impaired at March 31, 2020. If the Company intends to sell a debt security in an unrealized loss position or determines that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a debt security before it recovers its amortized cost basis, the debt security is impaired and it is written down to fair value with all losses recognized in earnings. As of March 31, 2020, the Company did not intend to sell any debt securities in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any debt securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which the Company does not intend to sell the debt security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security, the Company determines whether the loss is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which the losses are primarily due to credit-related factors, the Company’s policy is to recognize the entire loss in earnings. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which the losses are determined to be the result of both credit-related and noncredit-related factors, the credit loss is determined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis of the debt security. The cash flows expected to be collected are discounted using the effective interest rate (i.e. purchase yield) and for variable rate securities the interest rate is fixed at the rate in effect at the credit loss measurement date. Expected future cash flows for debt securities are based on qualitative and quantitative factors specific to each security, including the probability of default and the estimated timing and amount of recovery. The detailed inputs used to project expected future cash flows may be different depending on the nature of the individual debt security. Activity in the allowance for credit losses on debt securities is summarized as follows: (in thousands) Three Months Ended Balance at beginning of period $ — Credit losses recognized during the period (7,493 ) Balance at end of period $ (7,493 ) In determining credit losses on its debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company considers certain factors that may include, among others, severity of the unrealized loss, security type, industry sector, credit rating, profitability and stock performance. The Company’s policy is to present accrued interest receivable on debt securities within accounts and accrued income receivable on the balance sheet. Accrued interest receivable on debt securities at March 31, 2020 totaled $27.2 million. The Company has elected to not measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable on debt securities and maintains a policy that all receivables ninety days past due are written off as credit loss expense. Debt securities are placed on non-accrual status, and accrual of interest is discontinued, when management determines that collectibility of contractual amounts is not reasonably assured. Interest income is recognized on a cash basis for interest payments received on debt securities in non-accrual status. Investments in debt securities at March 31, 2020, by contractual maturities, are as follows: (in thousands) Due in one year or less Due after one through five years Due after five through ten years Due after ten years Total U.S. Treasury bonds Amortized cost $ 65,958 $ 51,199 $ 1,025 $ 2,494 $ 120,676 Estimated fair value $ 66,287 $ 52,545 $ 1,152 $ 2,724 $ 122,708 Municipal bonds Amortized cost $ 62,536 $ 130,688 $ 332,696 $ 483,015 $ 1,008,935 Estimated fair value $ 62,788 $ 132,402 $ 347,166 $ 506,586 $ 1,048,942 Foreign government bonds Amortized cost $ 22,647 $ 61,278 $ 57,108 $ 13,935 $ 154,968 Estimated fair value $ 22,652 $ 62,676 $ 59,523 $ 13,447 $ 158,298 Governmental agency bonds Amortized cost $ 7,673 $ 84,475 $ 132,414 $ 61,385 $ 285,947 Estimated fair value $ 7,733 $ 87,291 $ 137,197 $ 66,874 $ 299,095 U.S. corporate debt securities Amortized cost $ 23,210 $ 303,513 $ 173,846 $ 46,681 $ 547,250 Estimated fair value $ 23,192 $ 301,707 $ 167,908 $ 46,474 $ 539,281 Foreign corporate debt securities Amortized cost $ 23,461 $ 202,346 $ 75,858 $ 27,930 $ 329,595 Estimated fair value $ 23,428 $ 199,226 $ 73,886 $ 26,290 $ 322,830 Total debt securities excluding mortgage-backed securities Amortized cost $ 205,485 $ 833,499 $ 772,947 $ 635,440 $ 2,447,371 Estimated fair value $ 206,080 $ 835,847 $ 786,832 $ 662,395 $ 2,491,154 Total mortgage-backed securities Amortized cost $ 3,264,553 Estimated fair value $ 3,348,376 Total debt securities Amortized cost $ 5,711,924 Estimated fair value $ 5,839,530 Mortgage-backed securities, which include contractual terms to maturity, are not categorized by contractual maturity as borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with, or without, call or prepayment penalties. Investments in equity securities are as follows: (in thousands) Cost Estimated fair value March 31, 2020 Preferred stocks $ 20,284 $ 13,308 Common stocks 396,635 363,988 $ 416,919 $ 377,296 December 31, 2019 Preferred stocks $ 21,849 $ 18,094 Common stocks 328,110 374,224 $ 349,959 $ 392,318 Net losses (realized and unrealized) of $82.5 million and net gains (realized and unrealized) of $32.5 million were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as a result of changes in the fair values of equity securities. Included in net losses during the three months ended March 31, 2020 were net unrealized losses of $82.4 million related to equity securities still held at March 31, 2020, and included in net gains during the three months ended March 31, 2019 were net unrealized gains of $29.0 million related to equity securities still held at March 31, 2019. The composition of the investment portfolio at March 31, 2020, by credit rating, is as follows: A- or higher BBB+ to BBB- Non-Investment Grade Total (in thousands, except percentages) Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Debt securities: U.S. Treasury bonds $ 122,708 100.0 $ — — $ — — $ 122,708 100.0 Municipal bonds 1,003,827 95.7 43,777 4.2 1,338 0.1 1,048,942 100.0 Foreign government bonds 144,010 91.0 11,761 7.4 2,527 1.6 158,298 100.0 Governmental agency bonds 299,095 100.0 — — — — 299,095 100.0 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 3,348,376 100.0 — — — — 3,348,376 100.0 U.S. corporate debt securities 250,839 46.5 218,235 40.5 70,207 13.0 539,281 100.0 Foreign corporate debt securities 129,565 40.1 167,265 51.8 26,000 8.1 322,830 100.0 Total debt securities 5,298,420 90.7 441,038 7.6 100,072 1.7 5,839,530 100.0 Preferred stocks 28 0.2 12,589 94.6 691 5.2 13,308 100.0 Total $ 5,298,448 90.5 $ 453,627 7.8 $ 100,763 1.7 $ 5,852,838 100.0 Included in debt securities at March 31, 2020, were bank loans totaling $67.7 million, of which $61.4 million were non-investment grade; high yield corporate debt securities totaling $30.6 million, all of which were non-investment grade; and emerging market debt securities totaling $62.1 million, of which $6.7 million were non-investment grade. The composition of the debt securities portfolio in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2020, by credit rating, is as follows: A- or higher BBB+ to BBB- Non-Investment Grade Total (in thousands, except percentages) Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Municipal bonds $ 46,321 70.6 $ 19,279 29.4 $ — — $ 65,600 100.0 Foreign government bonds 24,960 77.0 6,139 18.9 1,328 4.1 32,427 100.0 Governmental agency bonds 1,540 100.0 — — — — 1,540 100.0 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 930,455 100.0 — — — — 930,455 100.0 U.S. corporate debt securities 68,401 30.0 102,437 44.8 57,578 25.2 228,416 100.0 Foreign corporate debt securities 67,625 34.5 108,333 55.2 20,147 10.3 196,105 100.0 Total $ 1,139,302 78.4 $ 236,188 16.2 $ 79,063 5.4 $ 1,454,543 100.0 Debt securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2020, included bank loans totaling $60.9 million, of which $54.7 million were non-investment grade; high yield corporate debt securities totaling $20.1 million, all of which were non-investment grade; and emerging market debt securities totaling $35.9 million, of which $4.3 million were non-investment grade. The credit ratings in the above tables reflect published ratings obtained from globally recognized securities rating agencies. If a security was rated differently among the rating agencies, the lowest rating was selected. Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities are not rated by any of the ratings agencies; however, these securities have been included in the above table in the “A- or higher” rating category because the payments of principal and interest are guaranteed by the governmental agency that issued the security. |