Debt and Equity Securities | Note 3 – Debt and Equity Securities On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted updated accounting guidance that changed the impairment methodology for available-for-sale debt securities. Under the new guidance, when the fair value of an available-for-sale debt security falls below its amortized cost, entities must determine whether the decline in fair value is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. Declines in fair value that are credit-related are now recorded on the balance sheet through an allowance for credit losses with a corresponding adjustment to earnings and declines that are noncredit-related are recognized through other comprehensive income/loss. Investments in debt securities, classified as available-for-sale, are as follows: (in thousands) Amortized Allowance for credit losses (1) Gross unrealized Estimated Gains Losses June 30, 2020 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 116,803 $ — $ 1,595 $ (26 ) $ 118,372 Municipal bonds 1,019,585 — 63,082 (453 ) 1,082,214 Foreign government bonds 168,552 (158 ) 6,675 (25 ) 175,044 Governmental agency bonds 249,014 — 12,416 — 261,430 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 3,277,557 — 83,942 (1,603 ) 3,359,896 U.S. corporate debt securities 564,266 (914 ) 34,282 (2,810 ) 594,824 Foreign corporate debt securities 319,056 (308 ) 15,473 (933 ) 333,288 $ 5,714,833 $ (1,380 ) $ 217,465 $ (5,850 ) $ 5,925,068 December 31, 2019 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 143,825 $ — $ 469 $ (353 ) $ 143,941 Municipal bonds 1,043,252 — 47,804 (217 ) 1,090,839 Foreign government bonds 179,554 — 1,497 (961 ) 180,090 Governmental agency bonds 316,318 — 5,820 (219 ) 321,919 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 3,241,966 — 43,599 (7,307 ) 3,278,258 U.S. corporate debt securities 535,878 — 18,466 (972 ) 553,372 Foreign corporate debt securities 335,962 — 9,468 (213 ) 345,217 $ 5,796,755 $ — $ 127,123 $ (10,242 ) $ 5,913,636 (1) Reflects impairments resulting from credit-related factors, which are also included in net realized investment gains in the condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020. Sales of debt securities resulted in realized gains of $3.2 million and $9.3 million, realized losses of $1.8 million and $3.0 million, and proceeds of $285.1 million and $494.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and realized gains of $1.8 million and $4.9 million, realized losses of $1.7 million and $4.7 million, and proceeds of $231.3 million and $622.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Gross unrealized losses on investments in debt securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, are as follows: Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total (in thousands) Estimated fair value Unrealized losses Estimated fair value Unrealized losses Estimated fair value Unrealized losses June 30, 2020 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 1,260 $ (26 ) $ — $ — $ 1,260 $ (26 ) Municipal bonds 22,657 (429 ) 701 (24 ) 23,358 (453 ) Foreign government bonds 44,398 (25 ) — — 44,398 (25 ) Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 302,964 (737 ) 232,343 (866 ) 535,307 (1,603 ) U.S. corporate debt securities 80,958 (2,595 ) 2,711 (215 ) 83,669 (2,810 ) Foreign corporate debt securities 34,889 (915 ) 238 (18 ) 35,127 (933 ) $ 487,126 $ (4,727 ) $ 235,993 $ (1,123 ) $ 723,119 $ (5,850 ) December 31, 2019 U.S. Treasury bonds $ 12,507 $ (350 ) $ 3,193 $ (3 ) $ 15,700 $ (353 ) Municipal bonds 29,333 (207 ) 2,827 (10 ) 32,160 (217 ) Foreign government bonds 112,167 (934 ) 11,001 (27 ) 123,168 (961 ) Governmental agency bonds 24,493 (142 ) 14,923 (77 ) 39,416 (219 ) Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 719,602 (2,785 ) 637,009 (4,522 ) 1,356,611 (7,307 ) U.S. corporate debt securities 42,607 (451 ) 10,216 (521 ) 52,823 (972 ) Foreign corporate debt securities 30,895 (108 ) 12,373 (105 ) 43,268 (213 ) $ 971,604 $ (4,977 ) $ 691,542 $ (5,265 ) $ 1,663,146 $ (10,242 ) Based on the Company’s review of its debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, it determined that the losses were due to non-credit factors. As such, the Company does not consider these securities to be credit impaired at June 30, 2020. If the Company intends to sell a debt security in an unrealized loss position or determines that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a debt security before it recovers its amortized cost basis, the debt security is impaired and it is written down to fair value with all losses recognized in earnings. As of June 30, 2020, the Company did not intend to sell any debt securities in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any debt securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which the Company does not intend to sell the debt security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security, the Company determines whether the loss is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which the losses are primarily due to credit-related factors, the Company’s policy is to recognize the entire loss in earnings. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which the losses are determined to be the result of both credit-related and noncredit-related factors, the credit loss is determined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis of the debt security. The cash flows expected to be collected are discounted using the effective interest rate (i.e., purchase yield) and for variable rate securities the interest rate is fixed at the rate in effect at the credit loss measurement date. Expected future cash flows for debt securities are based on qualitative and quantitative factors specific to each security, including the probability of default and the estimated timing and amount of recovery. The detailed inputs used to project expected future cash flows may be different depending on the nature of the individual debt security. Activity in the allowance for credit losses on debt securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 is summarized as follows: (in thousands) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended Balance at beginning of period $ (7,493 ) $ — Credit losses recognized during the period — (7,493 ) Net decreases to credit losses previously recognized 3,460 3,460 Reductions for securities sold 2,653 2,653 Balance at end of period $ (1,380 ) $ (1,380 ) In determining credit losses on its debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company considers certain factors that may include, among others, severity of the unrealized loss, security type, industry sector, credit rating, profitability and stock performance. The Company’s policy is to present accrued interest receivable on debt securities within accounts and accrued income receivable on the balance sheet. Accrued interest receivable on debt securities at June 30, 2020 totaled $27.4 million. The Company has elected to not measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable on debt securities and maintains a policy that all receivables ninety days past due are written off as credit loss expense. Debt securities are placed on non-accrual status, and accrual of interest is discontinued, when management determines that collectibility of contractual amounts is not reasonably assured. Interest income is recognized on a cash basis for interest payments received on debt securities in non-accrual status. Investments in debt securities at June 30, 2020, by contractual maturities, are as follows: (in thousands) Due in one year or less Due after one through five years Due after five through ten years Due after ten years Total U.S. Treasury bonds Amortized cost $ 41,815 $ 38,745 $ 31,644 $ 4,599 $ 116,803 Estimated fair value $ 42,074 $ 39,650 $ 31,953 $ 4,695 $ 118,372 Municipal bonds Amortized cost $ 59,526 $ 124,491 $ 332,658 $ 502,910 $ 1,019,585 Estimated fair value $ 59,907 $ 128,446 $ 356,731 $ 537,130 $ 1,082,214 Foreign government bonds Amortized cost $ 52,209 $ 45,589 $ 56,838 $ 13,916 $ 168,552 Estimated fair value $ 52,228 $ 47,349 $ 60,692 $ 14,775 $ 175,044 Governmental agency bonds Amortized cost $ 20,246 $ 49,447 $ 126,215 $ 53,106 $ 249,014 Estimated fair value $ 20,452 $ 52,030 $ 130,442 $ 58,506 $ 261,430 U.S. corporate debt securities Amortized cost $ 18,974 $ 312,493 $ 164,216 $ 68,583 $ 564,266 Estimated fair value $ 19,027 $ 329,303 $ 172,749 $ 73,745 $ 594,824 Foreign corporate debt securities Amortized cost $ 13,578 $ 198,490 $ 78,441 $ 28,547 $ 319,056 Estimated fair value $ 13,649 $ 205,759 $ 83,466 $ 30,414 $ 333,288 Total debt securities excluding mortgage-backed securities Amortized cost $ 206,348 $ 769,255 $ 790,012 $ 671,661 $ 2,437,276 Estimated fair value $ 207,337 $ 802,537 $ 836,033 $ 719,265 $ 2,565,172 Total mortgage-backed securities Amortized cost $ 3,277,557 Estimated fair value $ 3,359,896 Total debt securities Amortized cost $ 5,714,833 Estimated fair value $ 5,925,068 Mortgage-backed securities, which include contractual terms to maturity, are not categorized by contractual maturity as borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with, or without, call or prepayment penalties. Investments in equity securities are as follows: (in thousands) Cost Estimated fair value June 30, 2020 Preferred stocks $ 21,006 $ 15,036 Common stocks 349,722 371,320 $ 370,728 $ 386,356 December 31, 2019 Preferred stocks $ 21,849 $ 18,094 Common stocks 328,110 374,224 $ 349,959 $ 392,318 Net gains (realized and unrealized) of $59.1 million and net losses (realized and unrealized) of $23.4 million were recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, as a result of changes in the fair values of equity securities. Included in net gains during the three months ended June 30, 2020 were net unrealized gains of $58.7 million and included in net losses during the six months ended June 30, 2020 were net unrealized losses of $23.7 million, respectively, related to equity securities still held at June 30, 2020. Net gains (realized and unrealized) of $8.9 million and $41.4 million were recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, as a result of changes in the fair values of equity securities. Included in net gains during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, were net unrealized gains of $8.4 million and $37.4 million, respectively, related to equity securities still held at June 30, 2019. The composition of the investment portfolio at June 30, 2020, by credit rating, is as follows: A- or higher BBB+ to BBB- Non-Investment Grade Total (in thousands, except percentages) Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Debt securities: U.S. Treasury bonds $ 118,372 100.0 $ — — $ — — $ 118,372 100.0 Municipal bonds 1,047,717 96.8 33,780 3.1 717 0.1 1,082,214 100.0 Foreign government bonds 159,198 90.9 13,082 7.5 2,764 1.6 175,044 100.0 Governmental agency bonds 261,430 100.0 — — — — 261,430 100.0 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 3,359,896 100.0 — — — — 3,359,896 100.0 U.S. corporate debt securities 297,561 50.0 232,509 39.1 64,754 10.9 594,824 100.0 Foreign corporate debt securities 132,886 39.9 175,388 52.6 25,014 7.5 333,288 100.0 Total debt securities 5,377,060 90.7 454,759 7.7 93,249 1.6 5,925,068 100.0 Preferred stocks 38 0.3 14,114 93.8 884 5.9 15,036 100.0 Total $ 5,377,098 90.5 $ 468,873 7.9 $ 94,133 1.6 $ 5,940,104 100.0 Included in debt securities at June 30, 2020, were bank loans totaling $65.3 million, of which $60.2 million were non-investment grade; high yield corporate debt securities totaling $26.9 million, all of which were non-investment grade; and emerging market debt securities totaling $62.9 million, of which $5.4 million were non-investment grade. The composition of the debt securities portfolio in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2020, by credit rating, is as follows: A- or higher BBB+ to BBB- Non-Investment Grade Total (in thousands, except percentages) Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage Estimated fair value Percentage U.S. Treasury bonds $ 1,260 100.0 $ — — $ — — $ 1,260 100.0 Municipal bonds 16,828 72.0 6,530 28.0 — — 23,358 100.0 Foreign government bonds 43,996 99.1 — — 402 0.9 44,398 100.0 Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities 535,307 100.0 — — — — 535,307 100.0 U.S. corporate debt securities 10,128 12.1 22,788 27.2 50,753 60.7 83,669 100.0 Foreign corporate debt securities 2,426 6.9 17,186 48.9 15,515 44.2 35,127 100.0 Total $ 609,945 84.3 $ 46,504 6.5 $ 66,670 9.2 $ 723,119 100.0 Debt securities in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2020, included bank loans totaling $59.8 million, of which $54.7 million were non-investment grade; high yield corporate debt securities totaling $9.7 million, all of which were non-investment grade; and emerging market debt securities totaling $4.7 million, of which $2.3 million were non-investment grade. The credit ratings in the above tables reflect published ratings obtained from globally recognized securities rating agencies. If a security was rated differently among the rating agencies, the lowest rating was selected. Governmental agency mortgage-backed securities are not rated by any of the ratings agencies; however, these securities have been included in the above table in the “A- or higher” rating category because the payments of principal and interest are guaranteed by the governmental agency that issued the security. |