Investments | (3) Investments Available-for-sale Securities. The period-end amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of available-for-sale securities were as follows: September 30, 2019 Amortized cost Gross unrealized gains Gross unrealized losses Fair value (In thousands) Securities available-for-sale, carried at fair value: Fixed-maturity securities: U.S. government and agencies $ 11,367 $ 324 $ (2 ) $ 11,689 Foreign government 152,691 7,581 (89 ) 160,183 States and political subdivisions 92,549 3,848 (100 ) 96,297 Corporates 1,468,933 63,189 (1,754 ) 1,530,368 Residential mortgage-backed securities 252,328 6,630 (107 ) 258,851 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 129,179 4,270 (85 ) 133,364 Other asset-backed securities 100,554 1,000 (46 ) 101,508 Total fixed-maturity securities (1) 2,207,601 86,842 (2,183 ) 2,292,260 Short-term investments - - - - Total fixed-maturity and short-term investments $ 2,207,601 $ 86,842 $ (2,183 ) $ 2,292,260 (1) December 31, 2018 Amortized cost Gross unrealized gains Gross unrealized losses Fair value (In thousands) Securities available-for-sale, carried at fair value: Fixed-maturity securities: U.S. government and agencies $ 12,115 $ 176 $ (58 ) $ 12,233 Foreign government 155,723 3,347 (958 ) 158,112 States and political subdivisions 59,075 1,202 (271 ) 60,006 Corporates 1,447,075 11,916 (24,773 ) 1,434,218 Residential mortgage-backed securities 191,245 2,439 (1,733 ) 191,951 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 131,279 1,712 (1,636 ) 131,355 Other asset-backed securities 82,310 205 (755 ) 81,760 Total fixed-maturity securities (1) 2,078,822 20,997 (30,184 ) 2,069,635 Short-term investments 8,171 - - 8,171 Total fixed-maturity and short-term investments $ 2,086,993 $ 20,997 $ (30,184 ) $ 2,077,806 (1) All of our available-for-sale mortgage- and asset-backed securities represent variable interests in variable interest entities (“VIEs”). We are not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs because we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance. The maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement in these VIEs equals the carrying value of the securities. The scheduled maturity distribution of the available-for-sale fixed-maturity portfolio as of September 30, 2019 was as follows: Amortized cost Fair value (In thousands) Due in one year or less $ 243,943 $ 245,381 Due after one year through five years 897,406 928,982 Due after five years through 10 years 480,264 510,642 Due after 10 years 103,927 113,532 1,725,540 1,798,537 Mortgage- and asset-backed securities 482,061 493,723 Total AFS fixed-maturity securities $ 2,207,601 $ 2,292,260 Expected maturities may differ from scheduled contractual maturities because issuers of securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Unrealized Gains and Losses on Investments. The net effect on stockholders’ equity of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments was as follows: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities including OTTI: Available-for-sale securities $ 84,659 $ (9,187 ) OTTI 58 147 Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities excluding OTTI 84,717 (9,040 ) Deferred income taxes (18,295 ) 1,787 Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities excluding OTTI, net of tax $ 66,422 $ (7,253 ) Trading Securities. The cost and fair value of the securities classified as trading securities were as follows: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Cost Fair value Cost Fair value (In thousands) Fixed-maturity securities $ 13,581 $ 13,616 $ 13,597 $ 13,610 Held-to-maturity Security. Concurrent with the execution of the Vidalia Re Coinsurance Agreement, Vidalia Re entered into a Surplus Note Purchase Agreement (the “Surplus Note Purchase Agreement”) with Hannover Life Reassurance Company of America and certain of its affiliates (collectively, “Hannover Re”) and a newly formed limited liability company (the “LLC”) owned by a third- party service provider. Under the Surplus Note Purchase Agreement, Vidalia Re issued a surplus note (the “Surplus Note”) to the LLC in exchange for a credit enhanced note from the LLC with an equal principal amount (the “LLC Note”). The principal amount of both the LLC Note and the Surplus Note will fluctuate over time to coincide with the amount of reserves contractually supported under the Vidalia Re Coinsurance Agreement. Both the LLC Note and the Surplus Note mature on December 31, 2030 and bear interest at an annual interest rate of 4.50%. The LLC Note is guaranteed by Hannover Re through a credit enhancement feature in exchange for a fee, which is reflected in interest expense on our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income. The LLC is a VIE as its owner does not have an equity investment at risk that is sufficient to permit the LLC to finance its activities without Vidalia Re or Hannover Re. The Parent Company, Primerica Life, and Vidalia Re share the power to direct the activities of the LLC with Hannover Re, but do not have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive any residual returns related to the LLC’s primary risks or sources of variability. Through the credit enhancement feature, Hannover Re is the ultimate risk taker in this transaction and bears the obligation to absorb the LLC’s losses in the event of a Surplus Note default in exchange for the fee. Accordingly, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the LLC and does not consolidate the LLC within its condensed consolidated financial statements. The LLC Note is classified as a fixed-maturity held-to-maturity security in the Company’s invested asset portfolio as we have the positive intent and ability to hold the security until maturity. As of September 30, 2019, the LLC Note, which was rated A+ by Fitch Ratings, had an estimated unrealized holding gain of $103.7 million Investments on Deposit with Governmental Authorities. As required by law, we have investments on deposit with governmental authorities and banks for the protection of policyholders. The fair values of investments on deposit were $7.5 million and $10.1 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Securities Lending Transactions. We participate in securities lending transactions with broker-dealers and other financial institutions to increase investment income with minimal risk. We require minimum collateral on securities loaned equal to 102% of the fair value of the loaned securities. We accept collateral in the form of securities, which we are not able to sell or encumber, and to the extent the collateral declines in value below 100%, we require additional collateral from the borrower. Any securities collateral received is not reflected on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. We also accept collateral in the form of cash, all of which we reinvest. For loans involving unrestricted cash collateral, the collateral is reported as an asset with a corresponding liability representing our obligation to return the collateral. We continue to carry the loaned securities as invested assets on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets during the terms of the loans, and we do not report them as sales. Cash collateral received and reinvested was $39.9 million and $52.6 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Investment Income. The components of net investment income were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) Fixed-maturity securities (available-for-sale) $ 20,380 $ 20,142 $ 61,058 $ 59,173 Fixed-maturity security (held-to-maturity) 12,769 9,592 35,212 27,018 Equity securities 448 482 1,381 1,461 Policy loans and other invested assets 234 247 854 811 Cash and cash equivalents 1,191 808 3,808 2,273 Total return on deposit asset underlying 10% coinsurance agreement (1) 2,639 1,094 11,130 1,882 Gross investment income 37,661 32,365 113,443 92,618 Investment expenses (2,217 ) (2,151 ) (6,576 ) (5,931 ) Investment income net of investment expenses 35,444 30,214 106,867 86,687 Interest expense on surplus note (12,769 ) (9,592 ) (35,212 ) (27,018 ) Net investment income $ 22,675 $ 20,622 $ 71,655 $ 59,669 (1) 10% The components of net realized investment gains (losses) recognized in net income as well as details on gross realized investment gains and losses were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) Net realized investment gains (losses): Gross gains from sales of available-for-sale securities $ 523 $ 238 $ 994 $ 1,025 Gross losses from sales of available-for-sale securities (1 ) (944 ) (286 ) (965 ) OTTI losses of available-for-sale securities (1,064 ) (49 ) (1,225 ) (152 ) Net gains (losses) recognized in net income during the period on equity securities 813 739 4,692 (668 ) Gains (losses) from bifurcated options 14 (110 ) 14 290 Gains (losses) on trading securities - - 11 - Net realized investment gains (losses) $ 285 $ (126 ) $ 4,200 $ (470 ) The proceeds from sales or other redemptions of available-for-sale securities were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) Proceeds from sales or other redemptions $ 106,177 $ 83,346 $ 347,071 $ 323,609 The components of net gains (losses) recognized in net income on equity securities still held as of period-end were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) Net gains (losses) recognized on equity securities $ 813 $ 739 $ 4,692 $ (668 ) Less: Net gains (losses) recognized on equity securities sold - 1 (254 ) (48 ) Net gains (losses) recognized in net income on equity securities still held as of period-end $ 813 $ 738 $ 4,946 $ (620 ) Other-Than-Temporary Impairment. We conduct a review each quarter to identify and evaluate impaired investments that have indications of possible OTTI. An investment in a debt security is impaired if its fair value falls below its cost. Factors considered in determining whether an impairment is temporary include the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects for the issuer, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery, which may be maturity for fixed-maturity securities. We also consider our anticipated sources of cash to fund operating activities and share repurchases when assessing our ability and intent to hold invested assets to allow for the recovery of cost basis in determining whether to recognize OTTI related to such invested assets. The amortized cost of available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities with a cost basis in excess of their fair values were $195.2 million and $1,239.6 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The following tables summarize, for all available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position, the aggregate fair value and the gross unrealized loss by length of time such securities have continuously been in an unrealized loss position: September 30, 2019 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Fair value Unrealized losses Number of securities Fair value Unrealized losses Number of securities (Dollars in thousands) Fixed-maturity securities: U.S. government and agencies $ 999 $ (1 ) 1 $ 1,664 $ (1 ) 2 Foreign government 4,636 (16 ) 6 9,551 (73 ) 9 States and political subdivisions 9,226 (85 ) 3 5,590 (15 ) 6 Corporates 59,817 (439 ) 44 34,551 (1,315 ) 33 Residential mortgage-backed securities 32,282 (93 ) 17 1,809 (14 ) 2 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 2,944 (11 ) 4 18,276 (74 ) 25 Other asset-backed securities 8,705 (39 ) 25 2,929 (7 ) 10 Total fixed-maturity securities $ 118,609 $ (684 ) $ 74,370 $ (1,499 ) December 31, 2018 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Fair value Unrealized losses Number of securities Fair value Unrealized losses Number of securities (Dollars in thousands) Fixed-maturity securities: U.S. government and agencies $ 1,668 $ (10 ) 1 $ 4,541 $ (48 ) 6 Foreign government 7,326 (170 ) 7 52,086 (788 ) 54 States and political subdivisions 2,644 (9 ) 3 23,324 (262 ) 20 Corporates 489,880 (10,649 ) 396 360,516 (14,124 ) 321 Residential mortgage-backed securities 32,725 (86 ) 14 71,308 (1,647 ) 41 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 31,129 (173 ) 20 78,911 (1,463 ) 77 Other asset-backed securities 19,363 (184 ) 35 33,989 (571 ) 41 Total fixed-maturity securities 584,735 (11,281 ) 624,675 (18,903 ) As of September 30, 2019, the unrealized losses on our available-for-sale security portfolio were largely caused by interest rate sensitivity and, to a lesser extent, changes in credit spreads. We believe that fluctuations caused by movement in interest rates and credit spreads have little bearing on the recoverability of our investments. We do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired because we have the ability to hold these investments until maturity or a market price recovery, and we have no present intention to dispose of them. The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities in default were as follows: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Amortized cost Fair value Amortized cost Fair value (In thousands) Fixed-maturity securities in default $ - $ 217 $ 3 $ 227 OTTI recognized in earnings on available-for-sale securities were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) OTTI on fixed-maturity securities not in default $ 1,064 $ 49 $ 1,222 $ 152 OTTI on fixed-maturity securities in default - - 3 - Total OTTI recognized in earnings $ 1,064 $ 49 $ 1,225 $ 152 The securities noted above were considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired due to: our intent to sell them; adverse credit events, such as news of an impending filing for bankruptcy; analyses of the issuer’s most recent financial statements or other information in which liquidity deficiencies, significant losses and large declines in capitalization were evident; and analyses of rating agency information for issuances with severe ratings downgrades that indicated a significant increase in the possibility of default. OTTI recognized in earnings for available-for-sale securities were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) Total OTTI related to securities which the Company does not intend to sell or more-likely-than-not will not be required to sell: Total OTTI losses recognized $ - $ 49 $ 3 $ 152 Less portion of OTTI recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) - - - - OTTI recognized in earnings for securities which the Company does not intend to sell or more-likely than-not will not be required to sell before recovery - 49 3 152 OTTI recognized in earnings for securities which the Company intends to sell or more-likely-than-not will be required to sell before recovery 1,064 - 1,222 - OTTI recognized in earnings $ 1,064 $ 49 $ 1,225 $ 152 The rollforward of the OTTI recognized in net income for all fixed-maturity securities still held was as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (In thousands) Cumulative OTTI recognized in net income for securities still held, beginning of period $ 2,407 $ 3,294 $ 2,511 $ 4,346 Additions for securities where no OTTI were recognized prior to the beginning of the period 968 - 1,126 - Additions for securities where OTTI have been recognized prior to the beginning of the period 96 49 99 152 Reductions due to sales, maturities, calls, amortization or increases in cash flows expected to be collected over the remaining life of credit-impaired securities (209 ) (578 ) (474 ) (1,733 ) Reductions for exchanges of securities previously impaired - - - - Cumulative OTTI recognized in net income for securities still held, end of period $ 3,262 $ 2,765 $ 3,262 $ 2,765 As of September 30, 2019, no cumulative impairment losses have been recognized on the LLC Note held-to-maturity security. Derivatives. We have a deferred loss related to closed forward contracts, which were settled several years ago, that were used to mitigate our exposure to foreign currency exchange rates that resulted from the net investment in our Canadian operations. The amount of deferred loss included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was $26.4 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. These deferred losses will not be recognized until such time as we sell or substantially liquidate our Canadian operations; although we have no such intention. |