LOANS | NOTE 5 — LOANS Net loans consist of the following as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Real estate Commercial $ 1,668,236 $ 949,778 Construction 30,827 42,540 Multi-family 375,611 307,126 One-to-four family 82,670 79,423 Total real estate loans 2,157,344 1,378,867 Commercial and industrial 448,619 381,692 Consumer 71,956 106,790 Total loans 2,677,919 1,867,349 Deferred fees (4,970) (2,133) Loans, net of deferred fees and unamortized costs 2,672,949 1,865,216 Allowance for loan losses (26,272) (18,942) Balance at the end of the period $ 2,646,677 $ 1,846,274 The following tables represent the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, by portfolio segment. The portfolio segments represent the categories that the Bank uses to determine its allowance for loan losses (dollars in thousands): Commercial Commercial One-to-four Year ended December 31, 2019 Real Estate & Industrial Construction Multi-family Family Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 9,037 $ 6,257 $ 625 $ 2,047 $ 228 $ 748 $ 18,942 Provision (credit) for loan losses 6,280 (2,678) (214) 406 39 390 4,223 Loans charged-off — (798) — — — (389) (1,187) Recoveries — 4,289 — — — 5 4,294 Total ending allowance balance $ 15,317 $ 7,070 $ 411 $ 2,453 $ 267 $ 754 $ 26,272 Commercial Commercial One-to-four Year ended December 31, 2018 Real Estate & Industrial Construction Multi-family Family Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 7,136 $ 5,578 $ 519 $ 1,156 $ 138 $ 360 $ 14,887 Provision (credit) for loan losses 1,978 (717) 106 891 90 790 3,138 Loans charged-off (77) (304) — — — (402) (783) Recoveries — 1,700 — — — — 1,700 Total ending allowance balance $ 9,037 $ 6,257 $ 625 $ 2,047 $ 228 $ 748 $ 18,942 Total charge offs were $1.2 million and $783,000 during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The provision for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $4.2 million, as compared to $3.1 million for year ended December 31, 2018. The required provision for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2019 was reduced due to $4.3 million of recoveries related primarily to the recovery of medallion loans previously charged off in 2017 and 2016. The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment based on impairment method as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): Commercial Commercial One-to-four At December 31, 2019 Real Estate & Industrial Construction Multi-family Family Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 805 $ — $ — $ 64 $ 311 $ 1,180 Collectively evaluated for impairment 15,317 6,265 411 2,453 203 443 25,092 Total ending allowance balance $ 15,317 $ 7,070 $ 411 $ 2,453 $ 267 $ 754 $ 26,272 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 367 $ 1,047 $ — $ — $ 3,384 $ 728 $ 5,526 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,667,869 447,572 30,827 375,611 79,286 71,228 2,672,393 Total ending loan balance $ 1,668,236 $ 448,619 $ 30,827 $ 375,611 $ 82,670 $ 71,956 $ 2,677,919 Commercial Commercial One-to-four At December 31, 2018 Real Estate & Industrial Construction Multi-family Family Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 44 $ 44 Collectively evaluated for impairment 9,037 6,257 625 2,047 228 704 18,898 Total ending allowance balance $ 9,037 $ 6,257 $ 625 $ 2,047 $ 228 $ 748 $ 18,942 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 383 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,078 $ 89 $ 1,550 Collectively evaluated for impairment 949,395 381,692 42,540 307,126 78,345 106,701 1,865,799 Total ending loan balance $ 949,778 $ 381,692 $ 42,540 $ 307,126 $ 79,423 $ 106,790 $ 1,867,349 The following tables present information related to loans determined to be impaired by class of loans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): Unpaid Principal Allowance for Loan Average Recorded Interest Income At December 31, 2019 Balance Recorded Investment Losses Allocated Investment Recognized With an allowance recorded: One-to-four family $ 633 $ 503 $ 64 $ 411 $ 19 Consumer 731 728 311 311 13 C&I 1,047 1,047 805 419 — Total $ 2,411 $ 2,278 $ 1,180 $ 1,141 $ 32 Without an allowance recorded: One-to-four family 3,028 $ 2,881 $ — $ 2,063 $ 124 Commercial real estate 367 367 — 375 15 Total $ 3,395 $ 3,248 $ — $ 2,438 $ 139 Unpaid Principal Allowance for Loan Average Recorded Interest Income At December 31, 2018 Balance Recorded Investment Losses Allocated Investment Recognized With an allowance recorded: One-to-four family — — — 111 — Consumer 105 89 44 157 7 Total $ 105 $ 89 $ 44 $ 268 $ 7 Without an allowance recorded: One-to-four family 1,355 1,078 — 1,477 59 Commercial real estate 385 383 — 1,471 87 Total $ 1,740 $ 1,461 $ — $ 2,948 $ 146 The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and loan origination fees. Interest income was recognized on a cash basis for impaired loans. Interest income that would have been recorded for the year ended December 31, 2019 had non-accrual loans been current according to their original terms amounted to $144,000. The Bank recognized $94,000 of interest income for these loans for the year ended December 31, 2019. Interest income that would have been recorded for the year ended December 31, 2018, had non-accrual loans been current according to their original terms, amounted to $14,000. The Bank recognized $12,000 of interest income for these loans for the year ended December 31, 2018. For a loan to be considered impaired, management determines after review whether it is probable that the Bank will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Management applies its normal loan review procedures in making these judgments. Impaired loans include individually classified nonaccrual loans and TDRs. Impairment is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. For loans that are collateral dependent, the fair value of the collateral is used to determine the fair value of the loan. The fair value of the collateral is determined based on recent appraised values. The fair value of the collateral or present value of expected cash flows is compared to the carrying value to determine if any write-down or specific loan loss allowance allocation is required. The following tables present the recorded investment in non-accrual loans, loans past due over 90 days and still accruing by class of loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): At December 31, 2019 Nonaccrual Loans Past Due Over 90 Days Still Accruing Commercial & industrial 1,047 408 One-to-four family 2,345 — Consumer 693 — Total $ 4,085 $ 408 At December 31, 2018 Nonaccrual Loans Past Due Over 90 Days Still Accruing Commercial & industrial — 239 Consumer 50 — Total $ 50 $ 239 All TDRs at December 31, 2019 and 2018 were performing in accordance with their structured terms. The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class of loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): Greater 30-59 60-89 than 90 Total past Current At December 31, 2019 Days Days days due loans Total Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,668,236 $ 1,668,236 Commercial & industrial 346 — 1,455 1,801 446,818 448,619 Construction — — — — 30,827 30,827 Multi-family — — — — 375,611 375,611 One-to-four family — — — — 82,670 82,670 Consumer 636 14 693 1,343 70,613 71,956 Total $ 982 $ 14 $ 2,148 $ 3,144 $ 2,674,775 $ 2,677,919 Greater 30-59 60-89 than 90 Total past Current At December 31, 2018 Days Days days due loans Total Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 949,778 $ 949,778 Commercial & industrial 1,670 95 239 2,004 379,688 381,692 Construction — — — — 42,540 42,540 Multi-family — — — — 307,126 307,126 One-to-four family 870 — — 870 78,553 79,423 Consumer 119 43 50 212 106,578 106,790 Total $ 2,659 $ 138 $ 289 $ 3,086 $ 1,864,263 $ 1,867,349 Troubled Debt Restructurings Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered TDRs and are classified as impaired. Included in impaired loans at December 31, 2019 and 2018 were loans modified as TDRs with a recorded investment of $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively. The Company had allocated $81,000 and $19,000 of specific reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified as TDRs as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company has not committed to lend additional amounts as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as TDRs. The following tables present the recorded investment in TDRs by class of loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands): At December 31, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructuring Commercial real estate $ 367 One-to-four family 1,039 Consumer 35 Total $ 1,441 At December 31, 2018 Troubled Debt Restructuring Commercial real estate $ 383 One-to-four family 1,078 Consumer 39 Total $ 1,500 There were no loans modified as a TDR during the year ended December 31, 2019. TDRs include loans with one or a combination of the following: a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan; an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk. Modifications involving a reduction of the stated interest rate and/or an extension of the maturity date were for a period of three to five years. In 2019 and 2018 there were no TDRs for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Bank’s internal underwriting policy. Credit Quality Indicators The Bank categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. Except for one-to-four family loans and consumer loans, the Bank analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk at least annually. For one-to-four family loans and consumer loans, the Bank evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented. An analysis is performed on a quarterly basis for loans classified as special mention, substandard, or doubtful. The Bank uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention — Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. Substandard — Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful — Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass-rated loans. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows (dollars in thousands): Special At December 31, 2019 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial real estate $ 1,667,869 $ 367 $ — $ — $ 1,668,236 Commercial & industrial 446,612 — 960 1,047 448,619 Construction 30,827 — — — 30,827 Multi-family 375,611 — — — 375,611 Total $ 2,520,919 $ 367 $ 960 $ 1,047 $ 2,523,293 Special At December 31, 2018 Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial real estate $ 949,395 $ 383 $ — $ — $ 949,778 Commercial & industrial 381,692 — — — 381,692 Construction 41,044 1,496 — — 42,540 Multi-family 307,126 — — — 307,126 Total $ 1,679,257 $ 1,879 $ — $ — $ 1,681,136 |