to reduction as set forth in the next sentence. In the event LICENSEE is required to pay royalties to a third party or third parties for the same Product or Process as licensed under this Agreement, then LICENSEE may reduce the Running Royalty by fifty cents ($0.50) for each one dollar ($1.00) in royalties which LICENSEE is obligated to pay to a third party or third parties under such licenses, provided however, that the royalties payable to UNIVERSITY under this section shall not be reduced to less than two and a half percent (2.5%) of annual Net Sales of the Product(s) leased or sold by or for LICENSEE or its Sublicensees. If, in any one calendar year, LICENSEE is not able to fully recover its fifty percent (50%) portion of the payments due to a third party, it shall be entitled to carry forward such right of off-set to future calendar years with respect to the excess amount. Further, if a Product is sold or provided as part of a system, package, or combination product or service that involve one or more products or services not covered by the Patent Rights (each, a "Combination Product"), Net Sales shall be calculated by multiplying the Net Sales of such Combination Product by the fraction A/(A+B), where "A" is the average unit selling price during the period in which Net Sales are being calculated for the Product included in such Combination Product when sold separately from any other products or services not covered by the Licensed IP and "B" is the total average unit selling price of the Combination Product during the same period. In the event that no market price is available for the Product included in such Combination Product when supplied or priced separately, University and Licensee shall use best efforts to determine in good faith the fair market value thereof and if they cannot determine the fair market value thereof within ten days of either parties request of a determination they shall select a third party mutually acceptable to make such determination.
However, the parties agree that Licensee may only apply one of the aforementioned (i) royalty rate reduction of not less than two and a half percent (2.5%) of annual Net Sales or (ii) Combination Product reduction of Net Sales, as described above, at Licensee's option. For clarity, Licensee may either apply a royalty rate reduction in connection with royalties to a third party or third parties or a Combination Product reduction of Net Sales, as described above. In any event, the royalty rate shall not be less than two and a half percent (2.5%).
| (d) | By the first (1st) day of each anniversary of the Effective Date and until expiration or termination of this Agreement, LICENSEE agrees to pay UNIVERSITY an annual fee of: |
| (i) | $2,000 (two thousand dollars) on the third (3rd) and fourth (4th) anniversaries; |
| (ii) | $4,000 (four thousand dollars) on the fifth (5th) and sixth (6th) anniversaries; |
| (iii) | $10,000 (ten thousand dollars) on the seventh (7th) and eighth (8th) anniversary; |
| (iv) | $25,000 (twenty thousand dollars) on the ninth (9th) and tenth (10th) anniversaries; and |
| (v) | $50,000 (fifty thousand dollars) on the eleventh (11th) anniversary and every anniversary thereafter. This amount shall be decreased by $25,000 (twenty-five thousand dollars) in the event that clinical trials are ongoing but regulatory authority approval has not been granted, despite best efforts on part of LICENSEE. |
Such annual fees are creditable towards any other consideration, including royalty and milestone payments that are, as set forth herein, due to the UNIVERSITY by LICENSEE.
| (e) | Royalties are payable on a country-by-country basis beginning on the date of first commercial sale and ending on expiration of the last to expire Patent Rights in such country. |