UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. | ||
(Name of small business issuer in its charter) |
Nevada | 6799 | 27-1219412 | ||||
(State or other jurisdiction of | (Primary Standard Industrial | (I.R.S. Employer | ||||
incorporation or organization) | Classification Code Number) | Identification Number) | ||||
50 Federal Street Newburyport, MA 01950 | ||
(Address and telephone number of registrant's principal executive officesand principal place of business) |
Chris Cronin President and Chief Executive Officer 50 Federal Street Newburyport, MA 01950 Telephone: 978-255-2949 | ||
(Name, address, and telephone number of agent for service) | ||
COPY OF ALL CORRESPONDENCE TO:
Jillian Ivey Sidoti
FAX: 951-602-6049
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. x
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act Registration Statement number of the earlier effective Registration Statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act Registration Statement number of the earlier effective Registration Statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act Registration Statement number of the earlier effective Registration Statement for the same offering. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.
Large accelerated filer | o | Accelerated Filer | o |
Non-accelerated filer | o | Smaller reporting company | x |
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Shares to be Registered Fee | Amount to be Registered | Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Share(1) | Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price | Amount of Registration |
Common Stock, $.001 par value | 1,500,000 shares | $0.30 | $450,000 | $25.00 |
Total | 1,500,000 shares | $0.30 | $450,000 | $25.00 |
(1) Registration fee has been paid via Fedwire.
(2) This is the initial public offering and no current trading market exists for our stock.
(3) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(c).
(4) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell our shares until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell our shares, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy our shares in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
We are offering to the public 1,500,000 shares of common stock, at $0.30 per share, on a “best efforts” basis in a “direct public offering” through our sole officer and director. This offering terminates 365 days after commencement of this offering, which will be upon effectiveness of this registration statement. There are no provisions for the return of funds if only a small number of shares are sold and no minimum subscription amount has been set for these shares to be sold by CommonWealth Realty Partners Inc. and no commissions will be paid for the sale of the 1,500,000 shares offered by CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
This is our initial public offering, and no public market currently exists for our shares. The offering price may not reflect the market price of our shares after the offering. There is no minimum purchase requirement for prospective stockholders and no arrangement to place funds in an escrow, trust, or similar account. We do intend to place the funds into a segregated bank account. The segregated account is not an escrow, trust or similar account.
An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase our common stock only if you can afford a complete loss of your purchase.
See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 3 for a discussion of material risks that you should consider prior to purchasing any of our common stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A), MAY DETERMINE.
THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO CHANGE. WE MAY NOT SELL OUR SHARES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL OUR SHARES, AND IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY OUR SHARES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED _____________________
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
1,500,000 Shares of Common Stock
Price per share: $0.30
Total cash proceeds if all shares are sold: $450,000
This is our initial public offering. We are offering up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $0.30 per share. We will offer the shares ourselves and do not plan to use underwriters or pay any commissions. The shares will be offered and sold by our CEO Chris Cronin. There is no trading market for our common stock.
The offering is being conducted on a self-underwritten, best effort basis, which means our officer and/or director, Chris Cronin will attempt to sell the shares. This Prospectus will permit our officer and/or director to sell the shares directly to the public, with no commission or other remuneration payable to him for any shares he may sell. Mr. Cronin will sell the shares and intends to offer them to friends, family members and business acquaintances. In offering the securities on our behalf, he will rely on the safe harbor from broker-dealer registration set out in Rule 3a4-1 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. We intend to open a standard, non-interest bearing, bank checking account to be used only for the deposit of funds received from the sale of the shares in this offering. The shares will be offered at a price of $.30 per share for a period three hundred and sixty five (365) days from the effective date of this prospectus, unless extended by our board of director for an additional 90 days.
The purchase of our shares involves substantial risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7 for a discussion of risks to consider before purchasing our common stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of the prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Price to Public | Underwriting Discounts and Commissions | Proceeds To COMMONWEALTH REALTY PARTNERS | |
Per Share | $ 0.30 | $0 | $ 0.30 |
Total | $450,000 | $0 | $450,000 |
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. is a development stage company and currently has minimal operations. Any investment in the shares offered herein involves a high degree of risk. You should only purchase shares if you can afford a loss of your investment. Our independent auditor has issued an audit opinion which includes a statement expressing substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern.
As of the date of this prospectus, our stock is presently not traded on any market or securities exchange and there is no assurance that a trading market for our securities will ever develop.
THE PURCHASE OF THE SECURITIES OFFERED THROUGH THIS PROSPECTUS INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY READ AND CONSIDER THE SECTION OF THIS PROSPECTUS ENTITLED “RISK FACTORS” ON PAGES 3 THROUGH 11 BEFORE BUYING ANY SHARES OF COMMONWEALTH REALTY PARTNERS CORP’S COMMON STOCK.
NEITHER THE SEC NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE WILL NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE U.S. SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS BEEN CLEARED OF COMMENTS AND IS DECLARED EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OF SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS IS ____________________
Table of Contents
Prospectus Summary | 1 |
Risk Factors | 3 |
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information | 9 |
Capitalization | 10 |
Use of Proceeds | 10 |
Determination of Offering Price | 11 |
Dilution | 12 |
Plan of Distribution and Terms of the Offering | 13 |
Legal Proceedings | 14 |
Director, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons | 14 |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | 15 |
Description of Securities | 15 |
Interest of Named Experts and Counsel | 18 |
Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities | 18 |
Description of Business | 19 |
Reports to Stockholders | 26 |
Facilities | 29 |
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions | 29 |
Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholders Matters | 29 |
Dividends | 29 |
Executive Compensation | 30 |
Shares Eligible for Future Sale | 30 |
Index to Financial Statements | F-1 |
Report of Independent Certified Public Accountant | F-1 |
Balance Sheets | F-2 |
Statements of Operations | F-3 |
Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity | F-4 |
Statements of Cash Flows | F-5 |
Notes to Financial Statements | F-6 – F-11 |
This summary contains basic information about us and the offering. Because it is a summary, it does not contain all the information that you should consider before investing. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the risk factors and our financial statements and the related notes to those statements included in this prospectus. Except as otherwise required by the context, references in this prospectus to “we,” “our,” “us,” “CommonWealth Realty Partners", and “CWRP” refer to CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. is a development stage company incorporated in the State of Nevada November 18, 2009.
Since our inception on November 18, 2009 through November 30, 2009, we have not generated any revenues and have incurred a net loss of $2,600. We anticipate the commencement of generating revenues in the next twelve months, of which we can provide no assurance. The capital raised in this offering has been budgeted to cover the costs associated with purchasing real property assets that are either a.) cash flow positive or b.) may be purchased for less than Fair Market Value, are in need of repairs, and subsequently may be sold for a profit in less than a year, beginning to operate our company, marketing expense, and covering various filing fees and transfer agent fees. We believe that sales generated in the next twelve months will be sufficient to support the limited costs associated with our initial ongoing operations. There can be no assurance that the actual expenses incurred will not materially exceed our estimates or that cash flows from sales will be adequate to maintain our business. As a result, our independent auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern in the independent auditors’ report to the financial statements included in the registration statement.
CommonWealth Realty Partners intends to provide services in the real estate industry. The Company will purchase, manage, and dispose of revenue producing assets, specifically residential and commercial properties. CWRP may also purchase non-performing real estate assets such as real estate mortgages for specific properties and foreclosures. The Company will purchase notes with the intent to foreclose on the underlying property, renovate the underlying property (if need be), and sell the property at the market value so long as it will produce a profit or rent the property so long as it is cash flow positive, whichever scenario best suits the Company. In addition to owning and operating revenue producing assets, we intend to seek out special situation joint ventures as well as provide property management. We intend to offer turnkey services to our customers, including development of real property, and management of multi-family units.
1
We may participate in the following business activities:
o | Purchase residential properties that are undervalued, renovate (if needed) and sell within twelve months. (i.e. “flip” residential property); |
o | Buy and sell performing and non-performing commercial property. Primarly multi family, retail, and office space; |
o | Manage property we intend to hold; |
o | Buy discounts notes on specific property for the purpose of foreclosing on the underlying property; |
o | Joint Venture with other real estate company principals; |
o | Buy land development deals that are fully permitted or the permit simply must be renewed. |
As of the date of this prospectus we have only one officer and one director, acting as our sole employee, who we anticipate devoting only a small portion of his time to the company going forward. Additionally, even with the sale of securities offered herein, we will not have the financial resources needed to hire additional employees or meaningfully expand our business. We anticipate operating losses for at least the next 12 months. Even if we sell all the securities offered, the majority of the proceeds of the offering will be spent for corporate expenses and additional website development. Investors should realize that following this offering we will be required to raise additional capital to cover the costs associated with our plans of operation.
CommonWealth Realty Partners’ address and phone number is:
50 Federal St
Newburyport, MA 01950
978-255-2949
The Offering
Common Stock Offered | |
for Sale | Up to a maximum of 1,500,000 shares. |
Price to the Public | $0.30 per share in cash. |
Use of Proceeds Primarily for | Offering expenses, sales and marketing, independent contractors and web site improvement. |
Number of Shares Outstanding Prior to the Offering | 10,000,000 |
Number of Shares Outstanding After the Offering | 10,150,000 if 10% of offering sold. |
10,375,000 if 25% of offering sold. | |
10,750,000 if 50% of offering sold. | |
11,125,000 if 75% of offering sold. | |
11,500,000 if 100% of offering sold. | |
Plan of Distribution | This is a direct public offering, with no commitment by anyone to purchase any shares. Our shares will be offered and sold by Chris Cronin, our CEO. There is no share minimum investment required from individual investors. |
2
Terms of the Offering | This is a BEST EFFORTS OFFERING. This is a no minimum offering. Accordingly, as shares are sold, we will use the money raised for our business. The offering will remain open until 365 days from the commencement of the offering upon effectiveness of this S-1, which may be extended for an additional 180 days at the discretion of the board of directors. We cannot be certain that we will be able to sell enough shares to fund our operations appropriately. |
(1) Management may not, and will not purchase any shares in this offering.
Investors in CommonWealth Realty Partners should be particularly aware of the inherent risks associated with our business. As of the date of this filing our management is aware of the following material risks.
We are a development stage company organized in November 2009 and have recently commenced operations, which makes an evaluation of us extremely difficult. At this stage of our business operations, even with our good faith efforts, we may never become profitable or generate any significant amount of revenues, thus potential investors have a high probability of losing their investment. Our auditor’s have substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Additionally, our auditor’s report reflects the fact that the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to raise additional capital from the sale of common stock and, ultimately the achievement of significant operating revenues. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, you will lose your investment.
We were incorporated in November 2009 as a Nevada corporation. As a result of our start-up operations we have; (i) generated no revenues, (ii) accumulated deficits of $2,600 for the period ended November 30, 2009, (iii) have been focused on organizational and start-up activities, business plan development, and website design since we incorporated. There is nothing at this time on which to base an assumption that our business operations will prove to be successful or that we will ever be able to operate profitably. Our future operating results will depend on many factors, including our ability to raise adequate working capital, demand for our service, ability to locate properties and investment opportunities, the level of our competition and our ability to attract and maintain key management and employees. Additionally, our auditor’s report reflects that the ability of CommonWealth Realty Partners to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to raise additional capital from the sale of common stock and, ultimately, the achievement of significant operating revenues. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, you will lose your investment. You should not invest in this offering unless you can afford to lose your entire investment.
3
We are significantly dependent on our sole officer and director, who has limited experience. The loss or unavailability to CommonWealth Realty Partners of Mr. Cronin’s services would have an adverse effect on our business, operations and prospects in that we may not be able to obtain new management under the same financial arrangements, which could result in a loss of your investment.
Our business plan is significantly dependent upon the abilities and continued participation of Chris Cronin, our sole officer and director. It would be difficult to replace Mr. Cronin at such an early stage of development of CommonWealth Realty Partners. The loss by or unavailability to CommonWealth Realty Partners of Mr. Cronin’s services would have an adverse effect on our business, operations and prospects, in that our inability to replace Mr. Cronin could result in the loss of one’s investment. There can be no assurance that we would be able to locate or employ personnel to replace Mr. Cronin, should his services be discontinued. In the event that we are unable to locate or employ personnel to replace Mr. Cronin we would be required to cease pursuing our business opportunity, which would result in a loss of your investment.
You may not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them, which makes your investment more speculative.
You will be unable to evaluate the economic merit of real estate projects before we invest in them and will be entirely relying on the ability of our sole officer to select well-performing investment properties. Furthermore, our sole officer and board member will have broad discretion in implementing policies regarding tenant or mortgagor creditworthiness, and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate potential tenants, managers or borrowers. These factors increase the risk that your investment may not generate returns comparable to our competitors.
We depend highly on our current manager who has limited experience in running a public company and no formal employment agreement.
We depend highly on Chris Cronin, our President, Treasurer, and Sole Director, who may be difficult to replace. Chris Cronin who, also has other business interests, at this point only devotes approximately 50% of his time per week to our business, has only several years of industry experience and has not previously headed a public Company. Our plan of operations is dependent upon the continuing support and expertise of Mr. Cronin.
We are a company with a limited operating history upon which to evaluate our likely performance.
We do not currently own properties or other investments, we have not obtained any financing and we do not currently conduct any operations. Therefore, we have a limited operating history upon which to evaluate our likely performance. We may not be able to implement our business plan successfully.
4
If we invest in joint ventures, the objectives of our partners may conflict with our objectives.
In accordance with one of our acquisition strategies, we may make investments in joint ventures or other partnership arrangements between us and affiliates of our sponsor or with unaffiliated third parties. Investments in joint ventures which own real properties may involve risks otherwise not present when we purchase real properties directly. For example, our co-venturer may file for bankruptcy protection, may have economic or business interests or goals which are inconsistent with our interests or goals, or may take actions contrary to our instructions, requests, policies or objectives. Among other things, actions by a co-venturer might subject real properties owned by the joint venture to liabilities greater than those contemplated by the terms of the joint venture or other adverse consequences. These diverging interests could result in, among other things, exposing us to liabilities of the joint venture in excess of our proportionate share of these liabilities. The participation rights of each owner in a jointly owned property could reduce the value of each portion of the divided property. Moreover, there is an additional risk that the co-venturers may not be able to agree on matters relating to the property they jointly own. In addition, the fiduciary obligation that our sponsor or our board of directors may owe to our partner in an affiliated transaction may make it more difficult for us to enforce our rights.
Upon completion of this offering there will be an immediate and substantial dilution to purchasers of our securities.
The public offering price of the Shares will be substantially higher than the net tangible book value of the Common Stock. Investors participating in this offering will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the per share net tangible book value of their investment from the initial public offering price of approximately $0.30. See “Dilution”
We will require additional financing in order to implement our business plan. In the event we are unable to acquire additional financing, we may not be able to implement our business plan resulting in a loss of revenues and ultimately the loss of your investment.
Due to our start-up nature, we will have to incur the various costs associated with a real estate development company, in addition to hiring new employees and commencing additional marketing activities. To fully implement our business plan we will require substantial additional funding. This offering, if successful, will only enable us to purchase limited real estate assets. Proceeds will also assist us in further developing our initial business operations; however will not be sufficient to allow us to expand our business meaningfully. Additionally, since the net offering proceeds have been earmarked for purchasing limited real estate assets, and minimal working capital, we will not be capitalized sufficiently to hire or pay employees.
Following this offering we will need to raise additional funds to expand our operations. We plan to raise additional funds through private placements, registered offerings, debt financing or other sources to maintain and expand our operations. Adequate funds for this purpose on terms favorable to us may not be available, and if available, on terms significantly more adverse to us than are manageable. Without new funding, we may be only partially successful or completely unsuccessful in implementing our business plan, and our stockholders will lose part or all of their investment.
There is no current public market for our common stock; therefore you may be unable to sell your securities at any time, for any reason, and at any price, resulting in a loss of your investment.
As of the date of this prospectus, there is no public market for our common stock. Although we plan, in the future, to contact an authorized OTC Bulletin Board market maker for sponsorship of our securities on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, there can be no assurance that our attempts to do so will be successful. Furthermore, if our securities are not quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, or elsewhere, there can be no assurance that a market will develop for the common stock or that a market in the common stock will be maintained. As a result of the foregoing, investors may be unable to liquidate their investment for any reason. We have not originated contact with a market maker at this time, and do not plan on doing so until completion of this offering.
5
Because our common stock is deemed a low-priced “Penny” stock, an investment in our common stock should be considered high risk and subject to marketability restrictions.
Since our common stock is a penny stock, as defined in Rule 3a51-1 under the Securities Exchange Act, it will be more difficult for investors to liquidate their investment even if and when a market develops for the common stock. Until the trading price of the common stock rises above $5.00 per share, if ever, trading in the common stock is subject to the penny stock rules of the Securities Exchange Act specified in rules 15g-1 through 15g-10. Those rules require broker-dealers, before effecting transactions in any penny stock, to:
• | Deliver to the customer, and obtain a written receipt for, a disclosure document; | |
• | Disclose certain price information about the stock; | |
• | Disclose the amount of compensation received by the broker-dealer or any associated person of the broker-dealer; | |
• | Send monthly statements to customers with market and price information about the penny stock; and | |
• | In some circumstances, approve the purchaser’s account under certain standards and deliver written statements to the customer with information specified in the rules. |
Consequently, the penny stock rules may restrict the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell the common stock and may affect the ability of holders to sell their common stock in the secondary market and the price at which such holders can sell any such securities. These additional procedures could also limit our ability to raise additional capital in the future.
As a result of our placing your invested funds into a segregated account as opposed to an escrow account, the funds are subject to attachment by creditors of the company, thereby subjecting you to a potential loss of the funds.
Because the funds are being placed in a segregated account rather than an escrow account, creditors of the company could try to attach, and ultimately be successful in obtaining or attaching the funds before the offering closes. Investors would lose all or part of their investments if this happened, regardless of whether or not the offering closes.
Our cash flows from real estate investments may become insufficient to pay our operating expenses and to cover the dividends we have paid and/or declared.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain sufficient cash flows to fund operating expenses and dividend at any particular level, if at all.
6
As we continue to raise proceeds from this offering, the sufficiency of cash flow to fund future dividend payments with respect to an increased number of outstanding shares will depend on the pace at which we are able to identify and close on suitable cash-generating real property investments. Because the accrual of offering proceeds may outpace the investment of these funds in real property acquisitions, cash generated from such investments may become insufficient to fund operating expenses and continued dividend payments at historical levels.
Failure to generate revenue may reduce distributions to stockholders.
The cash flow from equity investments in commercial and residential properties depends on the amount of revenue generated and expenses incurred in operating the properties. If our properties do not generate revenue sufficient to meet operating expenses, debt service, and capital expenditures, our income and ability to make distributions to you will be adversely affected.
Economic conditions may adversely affect our income.
A commercial or residential property’s income and value may be adversely affected by national and regional economic conditions, local real estate conditions such as an oversupply of properties or a reduction in demand for properties, availability of “for sale” properties, competition from other similar properties, our ability to provide adequate maintenance, insurance and management services, increased operating costs (including real estate taxes), the attractiveness and location of the property and changes in market rental rates. Our income will be adversely affected if a significant number of tenants are unable to pay rent or if our properties cannot be rented on favorable terms. Our performance is linked to economic conditions in the regions where our properties will be located and in the market for residential and commercial space generally. Therefore, to the extent that there are adverse economic conditions in those regions, and in these markets generally, that impact the applicable market rents, such conditions could result in a reduction of our income and cash available for distributions and thus affect the amount of distributions we can make to you.
The profitability of attempted acquisitions is uncertain.
We intend to acquire properties selectively. Acquisition of properties entails risks that investments will fail to perform in accordance with expectations. In undertaking these acquisitions, we will incur certain risks, including the expenditure of funds on, and the devotion of management’s time to, transactions that may not come to fruition. Additional risks inherent in acquisitions include risks that the properties will not achieve anticipated occupancy levels and that estimates of the costs of improvements to bring an acquired property up to standards established for the market position intended for that property may prove inaccurate.
Real estate investments are illiquid.
Because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, our ability to vary our portfolio promptly in response to economic or other conditions will be limited. In addition, certain significant expenditures, such as debt service, real estate taxes, and operating and maintenance costs generally are not reduced in circumstances resulting in a reduction in income from the investment. The foregoing and any other factor or event that would impede our ability to respond to adverse changes in the performance of our investments could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
7
Rising expenses could reduce cash flow and funds available for future acquisitions.
Our properties will be subject to increases in tax rates, utility costs, operating expenses, insurance costs, repairs and maintenance, administrative and other expenses. While some of our properties may be leased on a triple-net-lease basis or require the tenants to pay a portion of the expenses, renewals of leases or future leases may not be negotiated on that basis, in which event we will have to pay those costs. If we are unable to lease properties on a triplenet- lease basis or on a basis requiring the tenants to pay all or some of the expenses, we would be required to pay those costs, which could adversely affect funds available for future acquisitions or cash available for distributions.
We may depend on tenants who lease from us on a triple-net basis to pay the appropriate portion of expenses.
If tenants of properties that we lease on a triple-net basis fail to pay required tax, utility and other impositions, we could be required to pay those costs, which would adversely affect funds available for future acquisitions or cash available for distributions. If we lease properties on a triple-net basis, we run the risk of tenant default or downgrade in the tenant’s credit, which could lead to default and foreclosure on the underlying property.
If we purchase assets at a time when the commercial and residential real estate market is experiencing substantial influxes of capital investment and competition for properties, the real estate we purchase may not appreciate or may decrease in value.
The commercial and residential real estate markets are currently experiencing a substantial influx of capital from investors. This substantial flow of capital, combined with significant competition for real estate, may result in inflated purchase prices for such assets. To the extent we purchase real estate in such an environment, we are subject to the risk that if the real estate market ceases to attract the same level of capital investment in the future as it is currently attracting, or if the number of companies seeking to acquire such assets decreases, our returns will be lower and the value of our assets may not appreciate or may decrease significantly below the amount we paid for such assets.
The bankruptcy or insolvency of a major commercial tenant would adversely impact us.
Any or all of our commercial tenants, or a guarantor of a commercial tenant’s lease obligations, could be subject to a bankruptcy proceeding. The bankruptcy or insolvency of a significant commercial tenant or a number of smaller commercial tenants would have an adverse impact on our income and our ability to pay dividends because a tenant or lease guarantor bankruptcy could delay efforts to collect past due balances under the relevant leases, and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. Such an event could cause a decrease or cessation of rental payments which would mean a reduction in our cash flow and the amount available for distributions to you.
Generally, under bankruptcy law, a tenant has the option of continuing or terminating any unexpired lease. In the event of a bankruptcy, we cannot assure you that the tenant or its trustee will continue our lease. If a given lease, or guaranty of a lease, is not assumed, our cash flow and the amounts available for distributions to you may be adversely affected. If the tenant continues its current lease, the tenant must cure all defaults under the lease and provide adequate assurance of its future performance under the lease. If the tenant terminates the lease, we will lose future rent under the lease and our claim for past due amounts owing under the lease will be treated as a general unsecured claim and may be subject to certain limitations. General unsecured claims are the last claims paid in a bankruptcy and therefore this claim could be paid only in the event funds were available, and then only in the same percentage as that realized on other unsecured claims.
8
While the bankruptcy of any tenant and the rejection of its lease may provide us with an opportunity to lease the vacant space to another more desirable tenant on better terms, there can be no assurance that we would be able to do so.
The terms of new leases may adversely impact our income.
Even if the tenants of our properties do renew their leases or we relet the units to new tenants, the terms of renewal or reletting may be less favorable than current lease terms. If the lease rates upon renewal or reletting are significantly lower than expected rates, then our results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected. As noted above, certain significant expenditures associated with each equity investment in real estate (such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes and maintenance costs) are generally not reduced when circumstances result in a reduction in rental income.
We may depend on commercial and residential tenants for our revenue and therefore our revenue may depend on the success and economic viability of our commercial and residential tenants. Our reliance on single or significant commercial tenants in certain buildings may decrease our ability to lease vacated space.
Our financial results will depend in part on leasing space in the properties we acquire to tenants on economically favorable terms. A default by a commercial tenant, the failure of a guarantor to fulfill its obligations or other premature termination of a lease, or a commercial tenant’s election not to extend a lease upon its expiration could have an adverse effect on our income, general financial condition and ability to pay distributions. Therefore, our financial success is indirectly dependent on the success of the businesses operated by the commercial tenants of our properties.
In the event of a tenant default, we may experience delays in enforcing our rights as landlord and may incur substantial costs in protecting our investment and re-letting our property. A default by a significant commercial tenant or a substantial number of commercial tenants at any one time on lease payments to us would cause us to lose the revenue associated with such lease(s) and cause us to have to find an alternative source of revenue to meet mortgage payments and prevent a foreclosure if the property is subject to a mortgage. Therefore, lease payment defaults by tenants could cause us to reduce the amount of distributions to stockholders.
Commercial tenants may have the right to terminate their leases upon the occurrence of certain customary events of default and, in other circumstances, may not renew their leases or, because of market conditions, may be able to renew their leases on terms that are less favorable to us than the terms of the current leases. If a lease is terminated, we cannot assure you that we will be able to lease the property for the rent previously received or sell the property without incurring a loss. Therefore, the weakening of the financial condition of a significant commercial tenant or a number of smaller commercial tenants and vacancies caused by defaults of tenants or the expiration of leases may adversely affect our operations.
A property that incurs a vacancy could be difficult to re-lease.
A property may incur a vacancy either by the continued default of a tenant under its lease or the expiration of one of our leases. If a tenant vacates a property, we may be unable either to re-lease the property for the rent due under the prior lease or to re-lease the property without incurring additional expenditures relating to the property. In addition, we could experience delays in enforcing our rights against, and collecting rents (and, in some cases, real estate taxes and insurance costs) due from a defaulting tenant. Any delay we experience in re-leasing a property or difficulty in re-leasing at acceptable rates may reduce cash available to make distributions to our stockholders.
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In many cases, tenant leases contain provisions giving the tenant the exclusive right to sell particular types of merchandise or provide specific types of services within the particular retail center, or limit the ability of other tenants to sell such merchandise or provide such services. When re-leasing space after a vacancy is necessary, these provisions may limit the number and types of prospective tenants for the vacant space. We also may have to incur substantial expenditures in connection with any re-leasing. A number of our properties may be specifically suited to the particular needs of our tenants. Therefore, we may have difficulty obtaining a new tenant for any vacant space we have in our properties, particularly if the floor plan of the vacant space limits the types of businesses that can use the space without major renovation. If the vacancy continues for a long period of time, we may suffer reduced revenues resulting in less cash dividends to be distributed to stockholders. As noted above, certain significant expenditures associated with each equity investment (such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes and maintenance costs) are generally not reduced when circumstances cause a reduction in income from the investment. The failure to re-lease or to re-lease on satisfactory terms could result in a reduction of our income, funds from operations and cash available for distributions and thus affect the amount of distributions to you. In addition, the resale value of the property could be diminished because the market value of a particular property will depend principally upon the value of the leases of such property.
We may not make a profit if we sell a property.
The prices that we can obtain when we determine to sell a property will depend on many factors that are presently unknown, including the operating history, tax treatment of real estate investments, demographic trends in the area and available financing. There is a risk that we will not realize any significant appreciation on our investment in a property. Accordingly, your ability to recover all or any portion of your investment under such circumstances will depend on the amount of funds so realized and claims to be satisfied therefrom.
Our properties may not be diversified.
Because this offering will be made on a best efforts basis, our potential profitability and our ability to diversify our investments, both geographically and by type of properties purchased, will be limited by the amount of funds we raise. We will be able to purchase additional properties only as additional funds are raised. Even if we sell 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock for $450,000, our properties may not be well diversified and their economic performance could be affected by changes in local economic conditions.
Our current strategy is to acquire interests primarily in commercial buildings, residential apartment buildings and other income-producing real estate. As a result, we are subject to the risks inherent in investing in these industries. A downturn in the commercial or residential industry may have more pronounced effects on the amount of cash available to us for distribution or on the value of our assets than if we had diversified our investments.
Our performance is therefore linked to economic conditions in the regions in which we will acquire properties and in the market for real estate properties generally. Therefore, to the extent that there are adverse economic conditions in the regions in which our properties are located and in the market for real estate properties, such conditions could result in a reduction of our income and cash to return capital and thus affect the amount of distributions we can make to you.
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We may incur liabilities in connection with properties we acquire.
Our anticipated acquisition activities are subject to many risks. We may acquire properties or entities that are subject to liabilities or that have problems relating to environmental condition, state of title, physical condition or compliance with zoning laws, building codes, or other legal requirements. In each case, our acquisition may be without any recourse, or with only limited recourse, with respect to unknown liabilities or conditions. As a result, if any liability were asserted against us relating to those properties or entities, or if any adverse condition existed with respect to the properties or entities, we might have to pay substantial sums to settle or cure it, which could adversely affect our cash flow and operating results. However, some of these liabilities may be covered by insurance. In addition, we intend to perform customary due diligence regarding each property or entity we acquire. We also will attempt to obtain appropriate representations and indemnities from the sellers of the properties or entities we acquire, although it is possible that the sellers may not have the resources to satisfy their indemnification obligations if a liability arises. Unknown liabilities to third parties with respect to properties or entities acquired might include:
• liabilities for clean-up of undisclosed environmental contamination;
• claims by tenants, vendors or other persons dealing with the former owners of the properties;
• liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business; and
• claims for indemnification by general partners, directors, officers and others indemnified by the former owners of the properties.
Competition with third parties in acquiring and operating properties may reduce our profitability and the return on your investment.
We compete with many other entities engaged in real estate investment activities, many of which have greater resources than we do. Specifically, there are numerous commercial developers, real estate companies, real estate investment trusts and U.S. institutional and foreign investors that operate in the markets in which we may operate, that will compete with us in acquiring residential, commercial, and other properties that will be seeking investments and tenants for these properties.
Many of these entities have significant financial and other resources, including operating experience, allowing them to compete effectively with us. Competitors with substantially greater financial resources than us may generally be able to accept more risk than we can prudently manage, including risks with respect to the creditworthiness of entities in which investments may be made or risks attendant to a geographic concentration of investments. Demand from third parties for properties that meet our investment objectives could result in an increase of the price of such properties. If we pay higher prices for properties, our profitability may be reduced and you may experience a lower return on your investment. In addition, our properties may be located in close proximity to other properties that will compete against our properties for tenants. Many of these competing properties may be better located and/or appointed than the properties that we will acquire, giving these properties a competitive advantage over our properties, and we may, in the future, face additional competition from properties not yet constructed or even planned. This competition could adversely affect our business. The number of competitive properties could have a material effect on our ability to rent space at our properties and the amount of rents charged. We could be adversely affected if additional competitive properties are built in locations competitive with our properties, causing increased competition for residential renters, retail customer traffic and credit worthy commercial tenants. In addition, our ability to charge premium rental rates to tenants may be negatively impacted. This increased competition may increase our costs of acquisitions or lower the occupancies and the rent we may charge tenants. This could result in decreased cash flow from tenants and may require us to make capital improvements to properties which we would not have otherwise made, thus affecting cash available for distributions to you.
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We may not have control over costs arising from rehabilitation of properties.
We may elect to acquire properties which may require rehabilitation. In particular, we may acquire affordable properties that we will rehabilitate and convert to market rate properties. Consequently, we intend to retain independent general contractors to perform the actual physical rehabilitation work and will be subject to risks in connection with a contractor’s ability to control rehabilitation costs, the timing of completion of rehabilitation, and a contractor’s ability to build in conformity with plans and specification.
We may incur losses as a result of defaults by the purchasers of properties we sell in certain circumstances.
If we decide to sell any of our properties, we will use our best efforts to sell them for cash. However, we may sell our properties by providing financing to purchasers. When we provide financing to purchasers, we will bear the risk of default by the purchaser and will be subject to remedies provided by law. There are no limitations or restrictions on our ability to take purchase money obligations. We may incur losses as a result of such defaults, which may adversely affect our available cash and our ability to make distributions to stockholders.
We may experience energy shortages and allocations.
There may be shortages or increased costs of fuel, natural gas, water, electric power or allocations thereof by suppliers or governmental regulatory bodies in the areas where we purchase properties, in which event the operation of our properties may be adversely affected.
Changes in applicable laws may adversely affect the income and value of our properties.
The income and value of a property may be affected by such factors as environmental, rent control and other laws and regulations, changes in applicable general and real estate tax laws (including the possibility of changes in the federal income tax laws or the lengthening of the depreciation period for real estate) and interest rates, the availability of financing, acts of nature (such as hurricanes and floods) and other factors beyond our control.
Retail Industry Risks
Some of the properties that we own and intend to own and operate consist of retail properties (primarily Multi-tenanted centers). Our retail properties are and will be subject to the various risks discussed above. In addition, they are and will be subject to the risks discussed below.
Retail conditions may adversely affect our income.
A retail property’s revenues and value may be adversely affected by a number of factors, many of which apply to real estate investment generally, but which also include trends in the retail industry and perceptions by retailers or shoppers of the safety, convenience and attractiveness of the retail property. In addition, to the extent that the investing public has a negative perception of the retail sector, the value of our Common Stock may be negatively impacted. Some of our leases may provide for base rent plus contractual base rent increases. A number of our retail leases may also include a percentage rent clause for additional rent above the base amount based upon a specified percentage of the sales our tenants generate. Under those leases which contain percentage rent clauses, our revenue from tenants may increase as the sales of our tenants increase. Generally, retailers face declining revenues during downturns in the economy. As a result, the portion of our revenue which we may derive from percentage rent leases could decline upon a general economic downturn.
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Our revenue will be impacted by the success and economic viability of our anchor retail tenants. Our reliance on single or significant tenants in certain buildings may decrease our ability to lease vacated space.
In the retail sector, any tenant occupying a large portion of the gross leasable area of a retail center, a tenant of any of the triple-net single-user retail properties outside the primary geographical area of investment, commonly referred to as an anchor tenant, or a tenant that is our anchor tenant at more than one retail center, may become insolvent, may suffer a downturn in business, or may decide not to renew its lease. Any of these events would result in a reduction or cessation in rental payments to us and would adversely affect our financial condition. A lease termination by an anchor tenant could result in lease terminations or reductions in rent by other tenants whose leases permit cancellation or rent reduction if another tenant’s lease is terminated. We may own properties where the tenants may have rights to terminate their leases if certain other tenants are no longer open for business. These “co-tenancy” provisions may also exist in some leases where we own a portion of a retail property and one or more of the anchor tenants leases space in that portion of the center not owned or controlled by us. If such tenants were to vacate their space, tenants with co-tenancy provisions would have the right to terminate their leases with us or seek a rent reduction from us. In such event, we may be unable to re-lease the vacated space. Similarly, the leases of some anchor tenants may permit the anchor tenant to transfer its lease to another retailer. The transfer to a new anchor tenant could cause customer traffic in the retail center to decrease and thereby reduce the income generated by that retail center. A lease transfer to a new anchor tenant could also allow other tenants to make reduced rental payments or to terminate their leases at the retail center. In the event that we are unable to re-lease the vacated space to a new anchor tenant, we may incur additional expenses in order to re-model the space to be able to re-lease the space to more than one tenant.
Competition with other retail channels may reduce our profitability and the return on your investment.
Our retail tenants face potentially changing consumer preferences and increasing competition from other forms of retailing, such as discount shopping centers, outlet centers, upscale neighborhood strip centers, catalogues, discount shopping clubs, internet and telemarketing. Other retail centers within the market area of our properties will compete with our properties for customers, affecting their tenants’ cash flows and thus affecting their ability to pay rent. In addition, some of our tenants’ rent payments may be based on the amount of sales revenue that they generate. If these tenants experience competition, the amount of their rent may decrease and our cash flow will decrease.
Residential Industry Risks
Some of the properties that we own and operate consist of residential properties. Our residential properties are subject to the various risks discussed above. In addition, they will be subject to the risks discussed below.
The short-term nature of our residential leases may adversely impact our income.
If our residents decide not to renew their leases upon expiration, we may not be able to relet their units. Because substantially all of our residential leases will be for apartments, they will generally be for terms of no more than one or two years. If we are unable to promptly renew the leases or relet the units then our results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected. Certain significant expenditures associated with each equity investment in real estate (such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes and maintenance costs) are generally not reduced when circumstances result in a reduction in rental income.
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An economic downturn could adversely affect the residential industry and may affect operations for the residential properties that we acquire.
The United States and the real estate industry are currently in an economic downturn, however, some industry analysts report that it could get worse. As a result of the effects of an economic downturn, including increased unemployment rates, the residential industry may experience a significant decline in business caused by a reduction in overall renters. Moreover, low residential mortgage interest rates could accompany an economic downturn and encourage potential renters to purchase residences rather than lease them. The residential properties we acquire may experience declines in occupancy rate due to any such decline in residential mortgage interest rates.
Real Estate Financing Risks
We plan to incur mortgage indebtedness and other borrowings, which may increase our business risks.
We intend to acquire properties subject to existing financing or by borrowing new funds. In addition, we intend to incur or increase our mortgage debt by obtaining loans secured by selected or all of the real properties to obtain funds to acquire additional real properties.
We intend to incur mortgage debt on a particular real property if we believe the property’s projected cash flow is sufficient to service the mortgage debt. However, if there is a shortfall in cash flow, requiring us to use cash from other sources to make the mortgage payments on the property, then the amount available for distributions to stockholders may be affected. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss since defaults on indebtedness secured by properties may result in foreclosure actions initiated by lenders and our loss of the property securing the loan which is in default. For tax purposes, a foreclosure of any of our properties would be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we would recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but would not receive any cash proceeds. We may, in some circumstances, give a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one of our properties.
In these cases, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgages contain cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, there is a risk that more than one real property may be affected by a default. Any mortgage debt which we place on properties may contain clauses providing for prepayment penalties. If a lender invokes these penalties upon the sale of a property or the prepayment of a mortgage on a property, the cost to us to sell the property could increase substantially, and may even be prohibitive. This could lead to a reduction in our income, which would reduce cash available for distribution to stockholders and may prevent us from borrowing more money. Moreover, if we enter into financing arrangements involving balloon payment obligations, such financing arrangements will involve greater risks than financing arrangements whose principal amount is amortized over the term of the loan. At the time the balloon payment is due, we may or may not be able to refinance the balloon payment on terms as favorable as the original loan or sell the property at a price sufficient to make the balloon payment.
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The current debt market volatility may affect the availability and amount of financing for our acquisitions.
The commercial real estate debt markets are currently experiencing volatility as a result of certain factors including the tightening of underwriting standards by lenders and credit rating agencies and the significant inventory of unsold Collateralized Mortgage Backed Securities in the market. This is resulting in lenders increasing the cost for debt financing. As our existing debt is fixed rate debt, we do not believe that our current portfolio is materially impacted by the current debt market environment. However, should the overall cost of borrowings increase, either by increases in the index rates or by increases in lender spreads, we will need to factor such increases into the economics of future acquisitions. This may result in future acquisitions generating lower overall economic returns and potentially reducing future cash flow available for distribution.
In addition, the state of the debt markets could have an impact on the overall amount of capital investing in real estate which may result in price or value decreases of real estate assets. Although this may benefit us for future acquisitions, it could negatively impact the current value of our existing assets.
If we have insufficient reserves, we will have to obtain financing from other sources.
We have established working capital reserves that we believe are adequate to cover our cash needs for the next several months, but not beyond this. However, if these reserves are insufficient to meet our cash needs, we may have to obtain financing to fund our cash requirements. Sufficient financing may not be available or, if available, may not be available on economically feasible terms or on terms acceptable to us. If mortgage debt is unavailable at reasonable rates, we will not be able to place financing on the properties, which could reduce the number of properties we can acquire and the amount of distributions per share. If we place mortgage debt on the properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance the properties when the loans come due, or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when the properties are refinanced, our income could be reduced, which would reduce cash available for distribution to stockholders and may prevent us from borrowing more money.
Additional borrowing for working capital purposes will increase our interest expense, and therefore our financial condition and our ability to pay distributions may be adversely affected.
We may not have funding or capital resources for future improvements.
When a commercial tenant at one of our properties does not renew its lease or otherwise vacates its space in one of our buildings, it is likely that, in order to attract one or more new tenants, we will be required to expend substantial funds for leasing costs, tenant improvements and tenant refurbishments to the vacated space. We will incur certain fixed operating costs during the time the space is vacant as well as leasing commissions and related costs to re-lease the vacated space. We may also have similar future capital needs in order to renovate or refurbish any of our properties for other reasons.
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Also, in the event we need to secure funding sources in the future but are unable to secure such sources or are unable to secure funding on terms we feel are acceptable, we may be required to defer capital improvements or refurbishment to a property. This may cause such property to suffer from a greater risk of obsolescence or a decline in value and/or produce decreased cash flow as the result of our inability to attract tenants to the property. If this happens, we may not be able to maintain projected rental rates for affected properties, and our results of operations may be negatively impacted. Or, we may be required to secure funding on unfavorable terms.
Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations.
In connection with obtaining financing, a bank or other lender could impose restrictions on us affecting our ability to incur additional debt and our distribution and operating policies. Loan documents we enter into may contain negative covenants limiting our ability to, among other things, or further mortgage our properties. In addition, prepayment penalties imposed by banks or other lenders could affect our ability to sell properties when we want.
Financing Risks on the Property Level
Some of our mortgage loans may have “due on sale” provisions.
In purchasing properties subject to Financing, we may obtain financing with ‘due-on-sale’ and/or ‘due-on-encumbrance’ clauses. Due-on-sale clauses in mortgages allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment of the mortgage loan if the borrower sells the mortgaged property. Similarly, due-on-encumbrance clauses allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment if the borrower uses the real estate securing the mortgage loan as security for another loan. These clauses may cause the maturity date of such mortgage loans to be accelerated and such financing to become due. In such event, we may be required to sell our properties on an all-cash basis, to acquire new financing in connection with the sale, or to provide seller financing. It is not our intent to provide seller financing, although it may be necessary or advisable for us to do so in order to facilitate the sale of a property. It is unknown whether the holders of mortgages encumbering our properties will require such acceleration or whether other mortgage financing will be available. Such factors will depend on the mortgage market and on financial and economic conditions existing at the time of such sale or refinancing.
Lenders may be able to recover against our other properties under our mortgage loans.
We will seek secured loans (which are nonrecourse) to acquire properties. However, only recourse financing may be available, in which event, in addition to the property securing the loan, the lender may look to our other assets for satisfaction of the debt. Thus, should we be unable to repay a recourse loan with the proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the property securing the loan, the lender could look to one or more of our other properties for repayment. Also, in order to facilitate the sale of a property, we may allow the buyer to purchase the property subject to an existing loan whereby we remain responsible for the debt.
Our mortgage loans may charge variable interest.
Some of our mortgage loans will be subject to fluctuating interest rates based on certain index rates, such as the prime rate. Future increases in the index rates would result in increases in debt service on variable rate loans and thus reduce funds available for acquisitions of properties and dividends to the stockholders.
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Insurance Risks
We may suffer losses that are not covered by insurance. If we suffer losses that are not covered by insurance or that are in excess of insurance coverage, we could lose invested capital and anticipated profits. We intend to cause comprehensive insurance to be obtained for our properties, including casualty, liability, fire, extended coverage and rental loss customarily obtained for similar properties in amounts which our officer determines are sufficient to cover reasonably foreseeable losses, with policy specifications and insured limits that we believe are adequate and appropriate under the circumstances. Some of our commercial tenants may be responsible for insuring their goods and premises and, in some circumstances, may be required to reimburse us for a share of the cost of acquiring comprehensive insurance for the property, including casualty, liability, fire and extended coverage customarily obtained for similar properties in amounts which our officer determines are sufficient to cover reasonably foreseeable losses. Material losses may occur in excess of insurance proceeds with respect to any property as insurance proceeds may not provide sufficient resources to fund the losses. However, there are types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as losses due to wars, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution, environmental matters, mold or, in the future, terrorism which are either uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may be insured subject to limitations, such as large deductibles or co-payments.
Insurance companies have recently begun to exclude acts of terrorism from standard coverage. Terrorism insurance is currently available at an increased premium, and it is possible that the premium will increase in the future or that terrorism coverage will become unavailable. Mortgage lenders in some cases have begun to insist that specific coverage against terrorism be purchased by commercial owners as a condition for providing loans. We intend to obtain terrorism insurance if required by our lenders, but the terrorism insurance that we obtain may not be sufficient to cover loss for damages to our properties as a result of terrorist attacks. In addition, we may not be able to obtain insurance against the risk of terrorism because it may not be available or may not be available on terms that are economically feasible. In such instances, we may be required to provide other financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses.
We cannot assure you that we will have adequate coverage for such losses. If such an event occurred to, or caused the destruction of, one or more of our properties, we could lose both our invested capital and anticipated profits from such property. In addition, certain losses resulting from these types of events are uninsurable and others may not be covered by our terrorism insurance. Terrorism insurance may not be available at a reasonable price or at all.
In addition, many insurance carriers are excluding asbestos-related claims from standard policies, pricing asbestos endorsements at prohibitively high rates or adding significant restrictions to this coverage. Because of our inability to obtain specialized coverage at rates that correspond to the perceived level of risk, we may not obtain insurance for acts of terrorism or asbestos-related claims. We will continue to evaluate the availability and cost of additional insurance coverage from the insurance market. If we decide in the future to purchase insurance for terrorism or asbestos, the cost could have a negative impact on our results of operations. If an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occurs on a property, we could lose our capital invested in the property, as well as the anticipated future revenues from the property and, in the case of debt that is recourse to us, would remain obligated for any mortgage debt or other financial obligations related to the property. Any loss of this nature would adversely affect us.
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Although we intend to adequately insure our properties, we cannot assure that we will successfully do so.
Compliance with Laws
The costs of compliance with environmental laws and regulations may adversely affect our income and the cash available for any distributions.
All real property and the operations conducted on real property are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. These laws and regulations generally govern wastewater discharges, air emissions, the operation and removal of underground and above-ground storage tanks, the use, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous materials, and the remediation of contamination associated with disposals. Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on tenants, owners or operators for the costs of investigation or remediation of contaminated properties, regardless of fault or the legality of the original disposal. Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner, developer or operator of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances at, on, under or in its property. The costs of removal or remediation could be substantial. In addition, the presence of these substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell or rent such property or to use the property as collateral for future borrowing.
Environmental laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of hazardous or toxic materials. Even if more than one person may have been responsible for the contamination, each person covered by the environmental laws may be held responsible for all of the clean-up costs incurred. In addition, third parties may sue the owner or operator of a site for damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination arising from that site. The presence of hazardous or toxic materials, or the failure to address conditions relating to their presence properly, may adversely affect the ability to rent or sell the property or to borrow using the property as collateral. Persons who dispose of or arrange for the disposal or treatment of hazardous or toxic materials may also be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of such materials, or for related natural resource damages, at or from an off-site disposal or treatment facility, whether or not the facility is or ever was owned or operated by those persons. In addition, environmental laws today can impose liability on a previous owner or operator of a property that owned or operated the property at a time when hazardous or toxic substances were disposed on, or released from, the property. A conveyance of the property, therefore, does not relieve the owner or operator from liability.
There may be potential liability associated with lead-based paint arising from lawsuits alleging personal injury and related claims. Typically, the existence of lead paint is more of a concern in residential units than in commercial properties. Although a structure built prior to 1978 may contain lead-based paint and may present a potential for exposure to lead, structures built after 1978 are not likely to contain lead-based paint. Properties’ values may also be affected by their proximity to electric transmission lines. Electric transmission lines are one of many sources of electro-magnetic fields (“emfs”) to which people may be exposed. Research completed regarding potential health concerns associated with exposure to emfs has produced inconclusive results. Notwithstanding the lack of conclusive scientific evidence, some states now regulate the strength of electric and magnetic fields emanating from electric transmission lines, and other states have required transmission facilities to measure for levels of emfs. On occasion, lawsuits have been filed (primarily against electric utilities) that allege personal injuries from exposure to transmission lines and emfs, as well as from fear of adverse health effects due to such exposure. This fear of adverse health effects from transmission lines has been considered both when property values have been determined to obtain financing and in condemnation proceedings. We may not, in certain circumstances, search for electric transmission lines Near our properties, but are aware of the potential exposure to damage claims by persons exposed to emfs.
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Recently, indoor air quality issues, including mold, have been highlighted in the media and the industry is seeing mold claims from lessees rising. To date, we have not incurred any material costs or liabilities relating to claims of mold exposure or abating mold conditions. However, due to the recent increase in mold claims and given that the law relating to mold is unsettled and subject to change, we could incur losses from claims relating to the presence of, or exposure to, mold or other microbial organisms, particularly if we are unable to maintain adequate insurance to cover such losses. We may also incur unexpected expenses relating to the abatement of mold on properties that we may acquire.
Limited quantities of asbestos-containing materials are present in various building materials such as floor coverings, ceiling texture material, acoustical tiles and decorative treatment. Environmental laws govern the presence, maintenance and removal of asbestos. These laws could be used to impose liability for release of, and exposure to, hazardous substances, including asbestos-containing materials, into the air. Such laws require that owners or operators of buildings containing asbestos (1) properly manage and maintain the asbestos, (2) notify and train those who may come into contact with asbestos and (3) undertake special precautions, including removal or other abatement, if asbestos would be disturbed during renovation or demolition of a building. Such laws may impose fines and penalties on building owners or operators who fail to comply with these requirements. These laws may allow third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with exposure to asbestos fibers. As the owner of our properties, we may be potentially liable for any such costs.
We cannot assure you that properties which we acquire in the future will not have any material environmental conditions, liabilities or compliance concerns. Accordingly, we have no way of determining at this time the magnitude of any potential liability to which we may be subject arising out of environmental conditions or violations with respect to the properties we own.
The costs of compliance with laws and regulations relating to our lodging and residential properties may adversely affect our income and the cash available for any distributions.
Various laws, ordinances, and regulations affect multi-family residential properties, including regulations relating to recreational facilities, such as activity centers and other common areas. We intend for our properties to have all material permits and approvals to operate. In addition, rent control laws may also be applicable to any of our residential properties.
Some of these laws and regulations have been amended so as to require compliance with new or more stringent standards as of future dates. Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations, stricter interpretation of existing laws or the future discovery of environmental contamination may require material expenditures by us. Future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose material environmental liabilities, and the current environmental condition of our properties might be affected by the operations of the tenants, by the existing condition of the land, by operations in the vicinity of the properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or by the activities of unrelated third parties.
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These laws typically allow liens to be placed on the affected property. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations which we may be required to comply with, and which may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance.
Any newly acquired or developed multi-family residential properties must comply with Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (the “ADA”) to the extent that such properties are “public accommodations” and/or “commercial facilities” as defined by the ADA. Compliance with the ADA requires removal of structural barriers to handicapped access in certain public areas of the properties where such removal is “readily achievable.” We intend for our properties to comply in all material respects with all present requirements under the ADA and applicable state laws. We will attempt to acquire properties which comply with the ADA or place the burden on the seller to ensure compliance with the ADA. We may not be able to acquire properties or allocate responsibilities in this manner. Noncompliance with the ADA could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages to private litigants. The cost of defending against any claims of liability under the ADA or the payment of any fines or damages could adversely affect our financial condition and affect cash available to return capital and the amount of distributions to you.
The Fair Housing Act (the FHA) requires, as part of the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988, apartment communities first occupied after March 13, 1990 to be accessible to the handicapped. Noncompliance with the FHA could result in the imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. We intend for any of our properties that are subject to the FHA to be in compliance with such law. The cost of defending against any claims of liability under the FHA or the payment of any fines or damages could adversely affect our financial condition.
Risks Related to General Economic Conditions and Terrorism, adverse economic conditions may negatively affect our returns and profitability.
The timing, length and severity of any economic slowdown that the nation may experience cannot be predicted with certainty. Since we may liquidate within seven to ten years after the proceeds from the offering are fully invested, there is a risk that depressed economic conditions at that time could cause cash flow and appreciation upon the sale of our properties, if any, to be insufficient to allow sufficient cash remaining after payment of our expenses for a significant return on your investment.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 on the United States negatively impacted the U.S. economy and the U.S. financial markets. Any future terrorist attacks and the anticipation of any such attacks, or the consequences of the military or other response by the U.S. and its allies, may have further adverse impacts on the U.S. financial markets and the economy and may adversely affect our operations and our profitability. It is not possible to predict the severity of the effect that any of these future events would have on the U.S. Financial markets and economy.
It is possible that the economic impact of the terrorist attacks may have an adverse effect on the ability of the tenants of our properties to pay rent. In addition, insurance on our real estate may become more costly and coverage may be more limited due to these events. The instability of the U.S. economy may also reduce the number of suitable investment opportunities available to us and may slow the pace at which those investments are made. In addition, armed hostilities and further acts of terrorism may directly impact our properties. These developments may subject us to increased risks and, depending on their magnitude, could have a material adverse effect on our business and your investment.
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About this Prospectus
You should only rely on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide information different from that contained in this prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of our common stock on a “direct public offering,” “best efforts” basis only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. Offers and sales of our securities are only permitted in those jurisdictions where statutes exist, “blue sky statutes” allowing for such offers and sales.
Available Information
Upon the effectiveness of this S-1, we will be subject to the requirements of Section 13(a) under the Exchange Act, which requires us to file annual reports on Form 10-K (or any successor form), quarterly reports on Form 10-Q (or any successor form), and current reports on Form 8-K, and we will be required to comply with all other obligations of the Exchange Act applicable to issuers filing registration statements pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act.
All of our reports can be reviewed through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System (EDGAR) which is publicly available through the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov).
We intend to furnish to our stockholders annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent certified public accountants and quarterly reports containing reviewed unaudited interim financial statements for the first three-quarters of each fiscal year. You may contact the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-(800) SEC-0330 or you may read and copy any reports, statements or other information that West-Core Drilling Inc. files with the Securities and Exchange Commission at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference room at the following location:
Public Reference Room
100 F. Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549-0405
Telephone 1(800)-SEC-0330
We have filed with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended with respect to the securities offered in this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement, certain parts of which are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information, with respect to us and the common stock offered in this prospectus, reference is made to such registration statement, exhibits and schedules. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference. A copy of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules can be reviewed through EDGAR.
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Some of the statements under “Prospectus Summary”, “Risk Factors”, “Plan of Operation”, “Our Business”, and elsewhere in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may”, “should”, “expects”, “plans”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimated”, “predicts”, “potential”, or “continue” or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, among other things, those listed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus to conform forward-looking statements to actual results, except as required by the Federal securities laws or as required to meet our obligations set forth in the undertakings to this registration statement.
The following table sets forth our capitalization on November 30, 2009
November 30, 2009 | ||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES | 1,600 | |||
STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY | ||||
Common stock, authorized, 65,000,000 shares, par value $.001 | ||||
- issued and outstanding, 10,000,000 | 10,000 | |||
Preference shares, authorized, 10,000,000 | ||||
- issued and outstanding – 1,000,000 | 1,000 | |||
Additional paid in capital | 1,600 | |||
Deficit accumulated during development stage | (2,600 | ) | ||
Total Stockholder’s Equity | 8,400 |
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The amounts and timing of expenditures described in the table for each purpose may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including, without limitation, the progress of our marketing. We anticipate, based on currently proposed plans and assumptions relating to our operations, that the net proceeds of this offering and cash flow from operations, if any, will be adequate to satisfy our capital needs for approximately 12 months following consummation of this offering. We have based our assumptions on the fact that we will not incur additional obligations for personnel, office, etc. until such time as we either raise additional equity or debt, or generate revenues to support such expenditures.
The net proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock offered hereby are estimated to be approximately $435,700 We intend to utilize the estimated net proceeds following the offering for the following purposes:
Amount | ||||
Total Proceeds | $ | 450,000 | ||
Less: Offering Expenses | ||||
Accounting | $ | 3,500 | ||
Legal Copying | $ | 10,000 300 | ||
SEC & State Filing Fees | 500 | |||
Net Proceeds from Offering | $ | 435,700 | ||
Use of Net Proceeds | ||||
Down payment on Properties | $ | 282,000 | ||
Investments in JV’s | $ | 100,000 | ||
Transfer Agent Fees | $ | 1,200 | ||
Accounting | $ | 2,500 | ||
Working Capital | $ | 50,000 | ||
Total Use of Net Proceeds | $ | 435,700 |
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
In determining the initial public offering price of the shares we considered several factors including the following:
• | our start up status; | |
• | prevailing market conditions, including the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete; |
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• | our future prospects; and | |
• | our capital structure. |
Therefore, the public offering price of the shares does not necessarily bear any relationship to established valuation criteria and may not be indicative of prices that may prevail at any time or from time to time in the public market for the common stock. You cannot be sure that a public market for any of our securities will develop and continue or that the securities will ever trade at a price at or higher than the offering price in this offering.
You will suffer substantial dilution in the purchase price of your stock compared to the net tangible book value per share immediately after the purchase.
As of November 30, 2009, CommonWealth Realty Partners’ net tangible book value was $8,400, or $0.00 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value is the aggregate amount of CommonWealth Realty Partners’ tangible assets less its total liabilities. Net tangible book value per share represents CommonWealth Realty Partners’ total tangible assets less its total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the sale of 1,500,000 shares at an offering price of $0.30 per share of common stock, application of the estimated net sale proceeds (after deducting offering expenses of $14,300), CommonWealth Realty Partners’ net tangible book value as of the closing of this offering would increase from $0.00 to $.18 per share. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of approximately $.18 per share to current shareholders, and immediate dilution of about $.12 per share to new investors, as illustrated in the following table:
Public offering price per share of common stock.................. $0.30
Net tangible book value per share prior to offering.............. $0.00
Increase per share attributable to new investors................. $0.18
Net tangible book value per share after offering................. $0.18
Dilution per share to new investors.............................. $0.12
Percentage dilution.............................................. 41.7%
The following assumes the sale of 75% of the shares of common stock in this offering. As of November 30, 2009, CommonWealth Realty Partners’ net tangible book value was $8,400, or $0.00 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value is the aggregate amount of CommonWealth Realty Partners’ tangible assets less its total liabilities. Net tangible book value per share represents CommonWealth Realty Partners’ total tangible assets less its total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the sale of 1,125,000 shares at an offering price of $0.30 per share of common stock, application of the estimated net sale proceeds (after deducting offering expenses of $14,300), CommonWealth Realty Partners’ net tangible book value as of the closing of this offering would increase from $0.00 to $.14 per share. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $.16 per share to current shareholders, and immediate dilution of $.14 per share to new investors, as illustrated in the following table:
Public offering price per share of common stock.................. $0.30
Net tangible book value per share prior to offering.............. $0.00
Increase per share attributable to new investors................. $0.16
Net tangible book value per share after offering................. $0.16
Dilution per share to new investors.............................. $0.14
Percentage dilution.............................................. 47.9%
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The following assumes the sale of 50% of the shares of common stock in this offering. As of November 30, 2009, CommonWealth Realty Partners’ net tangible book value was $8,400, or $0.00 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value is the aggregate amount of CommonWealth Realty Partners’ tangible assets less its total liabilities. Net tangible book value per share represents CommonWealth Realty Partners’ total tangible assets less its total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the sale of 750,000 shares at an offering price of $0.30 per share of common stock, application of the estimated net sale proceeds (after deducting offering expenses of $14,300), CommonWealth Realty Partners’ net tangible book value as of the closing of this offering would increase from $0.00 to $.13 per share. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $.13 per share to current shareholders, and immediate dilution of $.17 per share to new investors, as illustrated in the following table:
Public offering price per share of common stock.................. $0.30
Net tangible book value per share prior to offering.............. $0.00
Increase per share attributable to new investors................. $0.13
Net tangible book value per share after offering................. $0.17
Dilution per share to new investors.............................. $0.17
Percentage dilution.............................................. 58.3%
The following assumes the sale of 25% of the shares of common stock in this offering. As of November 30, 2009, COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ net tangible book value was $8,400, or $0.00 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value is the aggregate amount of COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ tangible assets less its total liabilities. Net tangible book value per share represents COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ total tangible assets less its total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the sale of 375,000 shares at an offering price of $0.30 per share of common stock, application of the estimated net sale proceeds (after deducting offering expenses of $14,300), COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ net tangible book value as of the closing of this offering would increase from $0.00 per share to $0.07 per share. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $.07 per share to current shareholders, and immediate dilution of $.23 per share to new investors, as illustrated in the following table:
Public offering price per share of common stock.................. $0.30
Net tangible book value per share prior to offering.............. $0.00
Increase per share attributable to new investors................. $0.07
Net tangible book value per share after offering................. .$0.07
Dilution per share to new investors.............................. $0.23
Percentage dilution.............................................. 74.2%
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The following assumes the sale of 10% of the shares of common stock in this offering. As of November 30, 2009, COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ net tangible book value was $8,400, or $0.00 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value is the aggregate amount of COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ tangible assets less its total liabilities. Net tangible book value per share represents COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ total tangible assets less its total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the sale of 150,000 shares at an offering price of $0.30 per share of common stock, application of the estimated net sale proceeds (after deducting of $14,300), COMMONWEALTH REALTY Partners’ net tangible book value as of the closing of this offering would be $.00 per share and, as a result, there will be an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $.03 per share to current shareholders, but there is an immediate dilution of $.30 per share to new investors, as illustrated in the following table:
Public offering price per share of common stock.................. $0.30
Net tangible book value per share prior to offering............. $0.03
Increase per share attributable to new investors................. $0.03
Net tangible book value per share after offering................ $0.27
Dilution per share to new investors.............................. $0.30
Percentage dilution.............................................. 88.7%
SELLING SECURITY HOLDERS
None of our security holders is offering any securities under this offering. There is no guarantee we will sell all of the shares under this offering as this is a “best efforts” offering.
The following tables summarize, as of November 30, 2009, the difference between the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total cash consideration paid and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders of common stock and by the new investors purchasing shares in this offering.
The table below assumes the sale of the 1,500,000 shares offered in this prospectus at an assumed initial public offering price of $0.30 per share and before any deduction of estimated offering expenses.
Shares Purchased | Total Consideration | Average Price Per Share | ||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Percent | Amount | Percent | |||||||||||||||||
Original Stockholders (1) | 10,000,000 | 87 | % | $ | 11,000 | 2.4 | % | $ | 0.0011 | |||||||||||
Public Stockholders | 1,500,000 | 13 | % | $ | 450,000 | 97.6 | % | $ | 0.30 | |||||||||||
Total | 11,500,000 | 100 | % | $ | 461,000 | 100 | % |
(1) Includes 10,000,000 issued in November 2009, to our founding stockholder’s limited liability company for his initial contribution of setting up our corporate entity and providing the marketing and concept plans for the business opportunity.
We are offering to the public 1,500,000 shares of common stock, at $0.30 per share, on a “best efforts,” basis in a “direct public offering” through our sole officer and director. This offering terminates in 365 days after commencement of this offering. There are no provisions for the return of funds if only a small number of shares are sold and no minimum subscription amount has been set for these shares to be sold by CommonWealth Realty Partners Inc. No commissions will be paid for the sale of the 1,500,000 shares offered by CommonWealth Realty Partners.
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This is our initial public offering, and no public market currently exists for our shares. The offering price may not reflect the market price of our shares after the offering. There is no minimum purchase requirement for prospective stockholders and no arrangement to place funds in an escrow, trust, or similar account. We do intend to place the funds into a segregated account. The segregated account is not an escrow, trust or similar account, and is subject to attachment by creditors.
We will sell the shares on a “direct public offering,” basis through our sole officer and director, Chris Cronin, who may be considered an underwriter as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(11). Mr. Cronin will not receive any commission in connection with the sale of shares, although we may reimburse him for expenses incurred in connection with the offer and sale of the shares. Mr. Cronin intends to sell the shares being registered according to the following plan of distribution:
• | Shares will be offered to friends, family, and business associates of Mr. Cronin; |
Mr. Cronin will be relying on, and complying with, Rule 3a4-1(a)(4)(ii) of the Exchange Act as a “safe harbor” from registration as a broker-dealer in connection with the offer and sales of the shares. In order to rely on such “safe harbor” provisions provided by Rule 3a4-1(a)(4)(ii), he must be in compliance with all of the following:
• | he must not be subject to a statutory disqualification; | |
• | he must not be compensated in connection with such selling participation by payment of commissions or other payments based either directly or indirectly on such transactions; | |
• | he must not be an associated person of a broker-dealer; | |
• | he must primarily perform, or is intended primarily to perform at the end of the offering, substantial duties for or on behalf of CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. otherwise than in connection with transactions in securities; and | |
• | he must perform substantial duties for the issuer after the close of the offering not connected with transactions in securities, and not have been associated with a broker or dealer for the preceding 12 months, and not participate in selling an offering of securities for any issuer more than once every 12 month. |
Mr. Cronin will comply with the guidelines enumerated in Rule 3a4-1(a)(4)(ii). Neither Mr. Cronin, nor any affiliates will be purchasing shares in the offering.
You may purchase shares by completing and manually executing a subscription agreement and delivering it with your payment in full for all shares, which you wish to purchase to our office. Your subscription shall not become effective until accepted by us and approved by our counsel. Acceptance will be based upon confirmation that you have purchased the shares in a state providing for an exemption from registration. Our subscription process is as follows:
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• | a prospectus, with subscription agreement, is delivered by CommonWealth Realty Partners to each offeree; | |
• | the subscription is completed by the offeree, and submitted by check back to CommonWealth Realty Partners where the subscription and a copy of the check is faxed to counsel for review; | |
• | each subscription is reviewed by counsel for CommonWealth Realty Partners to confirm the subscribing party completed the form, and to confirm the state of acceptance; | |
• | once approved by counsel, the subscription is accepted by Mr. Cronin and the funds deposited into an account labeled: CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc., within four (4) days of acceptance; | |
• | subscriptions not accepted, are returned with the check undeposited within 24 hours of determination of non-acceptance. |
We may from time to time be involved in routine legal matters incidental to our business; however, at this point in time we are currently not involved in any litigation, nor are we aware of any threatened or impending litigation.
The members of our Board of Directors serve, without compensation, until the next annual meeting of stockholders, or until their successors have been elected. The officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. At present, Chris Cronin is our sole officer and director. Information as to the director and executive officer is as follows:
Name | Age | Title | ||
Chris Cronin | 42 | President, Secretary/Treasurer, Director |
Duties, Responsibilities and Experience
Chris Cronin, 42, has over 20 years in the construction industry. Mr. Cronin has a solid foundation in real estate development, finance and new business development. A graduate of Keene State College with a B.S. in Building Construction Management, he is a licensed general contractor and a licensed real estate agent for the State of Massachusetts.
Mr. Cronin also has a diverse background in small business enterprises, including launching, funding, and growing several profitable companies in the fields of high-tech and marketing. Over the course of his career, he has been directly responsible for the success and growth of companies, both as an employee and principal owner. His strengths are in sales, negotiating deals, construction and money management, building critical relationships, innovative thinking, and generating revenue.
The following table sets forth information as of the date of this prospectus, and as adjusted giving effect to the sale of 1,500,000 shares of common stock in this offering, relating to the beneficial ownership of our common stock by those persons known to us to beneficially own more than 5% of our capital stock, by our director and executive officer, and by all of our directors, proposed directors and executive officers as a group.
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Name of Beneficial Owner(1) | Number Of Shares | Percent Before Offering | Percent After Offering |
Chris Cronin, President/CEO/Director | 9,235,000 | 92.35% | 80.3% |
All Directors, Officers and Principal Stockholders as a Group | 9,235,000 | 92.35% | 80.3% |
“Beneficial ownership” means the sole or shared power to vote or to direct the voting of, a security, or the sole or shared investment power with respect to a security (i.e., the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of, a security). In addition, for purposes of this table, a person is deemed, as of any date, to have “beneficial ownership” of any security that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days from the date of this prospectus.
Common Stock
Our Articles of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of 65,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share. 10,000,000 common shares were outstanding as of the date of this prospectus. No preferred shares were outstanding as of the date of this prospectus. Upon sale of the 1,500,000 shares offered herein, we will have outstanding 11,500,000 shares of common stock. Holders of shares of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share on all matters to be voted on by the stockholders. Holders of common stock have no cumulative voting rights. Holders of shares of common stock are entitled to share ratably in dividends, if any, as may be declared, from time to time by the Board of Directors in its discretion, from funds legally available to be distributed. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of CommonWealth Realty Partners, the holders of shares of common stock are entitled to share pro rata all assets remaining after payment in full of all liabilities and the prior payment to the preferred stockholders if any. Holders of common stock have no preemptive rights to purchase our common stock. There are no conversion rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions with respect to the common stock.
Preferred Stock
Our Articles of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, of which 1,000,000 shares were outstanding as of the date of this prospectus. The preferred stock may be issued from time to time by the Board of Directors as shares of one or more classes or series. Our board of directors, subject to the provisions of our Articles of Incorporation and limitations imposed by law, is authorized to:
• | adopt resolutions; | |
• | to issue the shares; | |
• | to fix the number of shares; | |
• | to change the number of shares constituting any series; and |
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• | to provide for or change the following: | |
• | the voting powers; | |
• | designations; | |
• | preferences; and | |
• | relative, participating, optional or other special rights, qualifications, limitations or restrictions, including the following: | |
• | dividend rights (including whether dividends are cumulative); | |
• | dividend rates; | |
• | Terms of redemption (including sinking fund provisions); | |
• | redemption prices; | |
• | conversion rights; and | |
• | liquidation preferences of the shares constituting any class or series of the preferred stock. |
In each of the listed cases, we will not need any further action or vote by the stockholders.
One of the effects of undesignated preferred stock may be to enable the Board of Directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest, merger or otherwise, and thereby to protect the continuity of our management. The issuance of shares of preferred stock pursuant to the Board of Director’s authority described above may adversely affect the rights of holders of common stock. For example, preferred stock issued by us may rank prior to the common stock as to dividend rights, liquidation preference or both, may have full or limited voting rights and may be convertible into shares of common stock. Accordingly, the issuance of shares of preferred stock may discourage bids for the common stock at a premium or may otherwise adversely affect the market price of the common stock.
Options and Warrants
We do not presently have any options or warrants authorized or any securities that may be convertible into common stock. However, our sole director, Chris Cronin, may later determine to authorize options and warrants for our company.
Jillian Ivey Sidoti issued an opinion that the shares being issued pursuant to this offering, upon issuance, will have been duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable. Jillian Ivey Sidoti will be issued 50,000 shares at value of $.30 in exchange for services related to the S-1.
The audited financial statements of as of November 30, 2009, are included in this prospectus and have been audited by Maddox Ungar Silberstein, PLLC, independent auditors, as set forth in their audit report thereon appearing elsewhere herein and are included in reliance upon such reports given upon the authority of such individual as an expert in accounting and auditing.
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Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”) may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
No director of CommonWealth Realty Partners will have personal liability to us or any of our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director involving any act or omission of any such director since provisions have been made in our Articles of Incorporation limiting such liability.
OVERVIEW
Employees
We are a development stage company and currently have only one part-time employee, Chris Cronin, who is also our sole officer and director. We look to Mr. Cronin for his entrepreneurial skills and talents. It is Mr. Cronin who provided us our business plan. For a discussion of Mr. Cronin’s experience, please see “Director, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons.” Initially Mr. Cronin will coordinate all of our business operations. Mr. Cronin has provided the working capital to cover our initial expense. We plan to use consultants, attorneys, accountants, and technology personnel, as necessary and do not plan to engage any additional full-time employees in the near future. We believe the use of non-salaried personnel allows us to expend our capital resources as a variable cost as opposed to a fixed cost of operations. In other words, if we have insufficient revenues or cash available, we are in a better position to only utilize those services required to generate revenues as opposed to having salaried employees.
Mr. Cronin is spending the time allocated to our business in handling the general business affairs of our company such as accounting issues, including review of materials presented to our auditors, working with our counsel in preparation of filing our S-1 registration statement, and developing our business plan and researching investment opportunities and possible property acquisitions.
We are not subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Once our registration statement is effective and our securities are registered under the exchange act, we will file supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports that are required under section 13 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Such reports, proxy statements and other information will be available through the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System which is publicly available through the Commission’s website (http://www.sec.gov).
We intend to furnish annual reports to stockholders, which will include audited financial statements reported on by our Certified Public Accountants. In addition, we will issue unaudited quarterly or other interim reports to stockholders, as we deem appropriate or required by applicable securities regulations.
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The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this filing.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
With the exception of historical matters, the matters discussed herein are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning anticipated trends in revenues and net income, projections concerning operations and available cash flow. Our actual results could differ materially from the results discussed in such forward-looking statements. The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein.
Background Overview
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. is a development stage company incorporated in the State of Nevada in November of 2009. We were formed to engage in the business of real estate acquisition, development, and management. Our website is www.cwrpinc.com.
Since our inception on November 18, 2009 to November 30, 2009, we have not generated any revenues and have incurred a net loss of $2,600. We believe that sales revenue and small amounts of equity will be sufficient to support the limited costs associated with our initial ongoing operations for the next twelve months. There can be no assurance that the actual expenses incurred will not materially exceed our estimates or that cash flows from property revenue will be adequate to maintain our business. As a result, our independent auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern in the independent auditors’ report to the financial statements included in the registration statement.
Results of Operations
For the period ended November 30, 2009
There were no revenues for the period ended November 30, 2009. Expenses for the period ended November 30, 2009 were $2,600.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has no cash. The investigation of prospective financing candidates involves the expenditure of capital. The Company will likely have to look to Mr. Cronin or to third parties for additional capital. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to secure additional financing or that the amount of any additional financing will be sufficient to conclude its business objectives or to pay ongoing operating expenses.
In the past, Mr. Cronin has provided any cash needed for operations, including any cash needed for this Offering. To date, Mr. Cronin has lent the Company $1,600. Mr. Cronin intends to lend the Company additional capital to pay the accounts payable and to cover any additional costs related to this Offering. The Note that Mr. Cronin currently has with the Company is a non-interest bearing, unsecured, and has no term of repayment.
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Equity Distribution to Management
Since our incorporation, we have raised capital through private sales of our common equity. As of November 30, 2009, we have issued 10,000,000 shares of our common stock to our manager, Chris Cronin, in exchange for cash of $10,000. Mr. Cronin received 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock in exchange for $1,000.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
We currently maintain an office at 50 Federal Street, Newburyport, MA. We have no monthly rent, nor do we accrue any expense for monthly rent. Mr. Cronin, our sole officer and director, and our part time employee provides us a facility in which we conduct business on our behalf. Mr. Cronin does not receive any remuneration for the use of this facility or time spent on behalf of us. We do not believe that we will need to obtain additional office space at any time in the foreseeable future, approximately 12 months, until our business plan is more fully implemented.
As a result of our method of operations and business plan we do not require personnel other than Mr. Cronin to conduct our business. In the future we anticipate requiring additional office space and additional personnel; however, it is unknown at this time how much space or how many individuals will be required.
The Company utilizes office space provided at no cost from Mr. Cronin, our sole officer and director. Office services are provided without charge by the Company’s director. Such costs are immaterial to the financial statements and, accordingly, have not been reflected.
During November of 2009, Mr. Cronin received 10,000,000 shares of common stock and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, at a price of $0.001 per share as a founder of CommonWealth Realty Partners. Mr. Cronin is the sole officer, director, stockholder, and promoter of CommonWealth Realty Partners and developed the website and business plan. Mr. Cronin then gifted 765,000 shares to friends and family including his brother, mother, father, and in-laws on December 1, 2009.
33
Name of Shareholder | Number Of Shares | |
Joy Cronin(1) | 300,000 | |
Paul Cronin(2) | 300,000 | |
Edward and Elinor Dalton(3) | 20,000 | |
Pat Cronin(4) | 10,000 | |
Tomas and Rose Dennis(5) | 10,000 | |
Tim Cronin(6) | 10,000 |
________________________
(1) | Is the mother of Chris Cronin, our president. Her address is 155-49 Spinnaka Ridge Road, Wells, ME 04090 |
(2) | Is the father of Chris Cronin, our president. His address is 127 Front Street, Apt 2RT, Marblehead, MA 01945 |
(3) | Are the mother and father in-law of Chris Cronin, our president. Their address is 20 Foster St, Danvers, MA 01923 |
(4) | Is the brother of Chris Cronin, our president. His address is 10 Pond Rd, Apt. #5, Beverly, MA 01915 |
(5) | Tomas and Rose Dennis are the in-laws of Chris Cronin, our president. Their address is 2 Wentworth Drive, Newton, NH 03858 |
(6) | Is the brother of Chris Cronin, our president. His address is PSC 473, Box 8-339, FPO AP, 96349-0008 |
Mr. Cronin currently holds a promissory note with the Company for lending $1,600 to the Company for operating expenses. The promissory note does not have a term of repayment, is non-interest bearing, and is unsecured.
We intend to file for inclusion of our common stock on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board; however, there can be no assurance that FINRA or NASDAQ will approve the inclusion of the common stock. Prior to the effective date of this offering, our common stock was not traded.
The payment of dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend, among other things, upon our earnings, our capital requirements, our financial condition, and other relevant factors. We have not paid or declared any dividends upon our common stock since our inception and, by reason of our present financial status and our contemplated financial requirements, do not anticipate paying any dividends upon our common stock in the foreseeable future.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends. We currently do not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future on the shares of common stock. We intend to reinvest any earnings in the development and expansion of our business. Any cash dividends in the future to common stockholders will be payable when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors, based upon the Board’s assessment of:
• | our financial condition; | |
• | earnings; |
34
• | need for funds; | |
• | capital requirements; | |
• | prior claims of preferred stock to the extent issued and outstanding; and | |
• | other factors, including any applicable laws. |
Therefore, there can be no assurance that any dividends on the common stock will ever be paid.
The following table sets forth the cash compensation of our sole officer and director, Chris Cronin from inception (November 18, 2009) to November 30, 2009.
Summary Compensation Table
Annual Compensation | Long Term Compensation | |||||
Name and Principal Position | YTD | Salary | Bonus | Other Annual Compensation | Restricted Stock | Options |
Chris Cronin, President, Secretary Treasurer | 2009 | $-0- | -0- | -0- | -0- | -0- |
Mr. Cronin has not received any monetary compensation or salary since the inception of the Company. Mr. Cronin has agreed to not receive any compensation or enter into any employment agreements until the Company begins operations.
Directors’ Compensation
Directors are not entitled to receive compensation for services rendered to CommonWealth Realty Partners, or for each meeting attended except for reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses. There are no formal or informal arrangements or agreements to compensate directors for services provided as a director.
Stock Option Grants
CommonWealth Realty Partners did not grant any stock options to the executive officer during the most recent fiscal period ended November 30, 2009. CommonWealth Realty Partners has also not granted any stock options to the Executive Officers since incorporation.
Employment Agreements
There are no current employment agreements or current intentions to enter into any employment agreements.
35
Future Compensation
Mr. Cronin has agreed to provide services to us without compensation until such time as either we have earnings from our revenue,
Board Committees
We do not currently have any committees of the Board of Directors, as our Board consists of one member. Additionally, due to the nature of our intended business, the Board of Directors does not foresee a need for any committees in the foreseeable future.
Indemnification
Under our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, we may indemnify an officer or director who is made a party to any proceeding, including a lawsuit, because of his position, if they acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in our best interest. We may advance expenses incurred in defending a proceeding. To the extent that the officer or director is successful on the merits in a proceeding as to which he is to be indemnified, we must indemnify him against all expenses incurred, including attorney’s fees. With respect to a derivative action, indemnity may be made only for expenses actually and reasonably incurred in defending the proceeding, and if the officer or director is judged liable, only by a court order. The indemnification is intended to be to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the State of Nevada.
Regarding indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act which may be permitted to directors or officers under Nevada law, we are informed that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, indemnification is against public policy, as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
Transfer Agent
The transfer agent for the common stock will be Globex Transfer, 780 Deltona Blvd., Suite 202, Deltona, FL 32725.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. Future sales of substantial amounts of common stock in the public market could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time. Furthermore, since only a limited number of shares will be available for sale shortly after this offering because of certain restrictions on resale, sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after the restrictions lapse could adversely affect the prevailing market price and our ability to raise equity capital in the future. Our counsel has provided an opinion that the shares registered in this registration statement will be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable. This opinion is herewith filed as an exhibit.
Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding an aggregate of 11,500,000 of common stock. Of these shares, 1,500,000 will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, unless such shares are purchased by individuals who become “affiliates” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as the result of the securities they acquire in this offering which provide them, directly or indirectly, with control or the capacity to control us. Our legal counsel has provided an opinion of this, which is hereto attached as an exhibit. Only the shares being offered under this registration statement will be tradable without further restriction. However, it should be noted that this is a “best efforts” offering and there is no guarantee that all 1,500,000 shares will be sold. Our sole officer and director will not be purchasing shares in this offering. The remaining 10,000,000 shares of common stock held by our existing stockholders are “restricted securities” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Restricted shares may be sold in the public market only if registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144. As a result of the provisions of Rules 144, additional shares will be available for sale in the public market as follows:
• | no restricted shares will be eligible for immediate sale on the date of this prospectus; and | |
• | the remainder of the restricted shares will be eligible for sale from time to time thereafter upon expiration of their respective holding periods, subject to restrictions on such sales by affiliates and as restricted by a lock-up agreement. |
36
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
NOVEMBER 30, 2009
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-1 |
Balance Sheet as of November 30, 2009 | F-2 |
Statement of Operations for the Period from November 18, 2009 (date of inception) to November 30, 2009 | F-3 |
Statement of Stockholder’s Equity as of November 30, 2009 | F-4 |
Statement of Cash Flows for the Period from November 18, 2009 (date of inception) to November 30, 2009 | F-5 |
Notes to Financial Statements | F-6 to F-8 |
Maddox Ungar Silberstein, PLLC CPAs and Business Advisors
Phone (248) 203-0080
Fax (248) 281-0940
30600 Telegraph Road, Suite 2175
Bingham Farms, MI 48025-4586
www.maddoxungar.com
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors of
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
Newburyport, MA
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. as of November 30, 2009, and the related statement of operations, stockholder’s equity, and cash flows for the period from November 18, 2009 (date of inception) through November 30, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company has determined that it is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. as of November 30, 2009, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the period then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 6 to the financial statements, the Company has negative working capital, has incurred operating losses since inception, and has not received any revenue from sales of products or services, and has incurred losses from operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans with regard to these matters are described in Note 6. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ Maddox Ungar Silberstein, PLLC |
Maddox Ungar Silberstein, PLLC
Bingham Farms, Michigan
December 9, 2009
F-1
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
BALANCE SHEET
As of November 30, 2009
ASSETS | ||||
Current Assets | ||||
Cash and equivalents | $ | 5,000 | ||
Prepaid expenses | 5,000 | |||
TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 10,000 | ||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY | ||||
Current Liabilities | ||||
Note payable – related party | $ | 1,600 | ||
Total current liabilities | 1,600 | |||
Stockholder’s equity | ||||
Preferred Stock, $.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 1,000,000 shares issued and outstanding | 1,000 | |||
Common Stock, $.001 par value, 65,000,000 shares authorized, 10,000,000 shares issued and outstanding | 10,000 | |||
Deficit accumulated during the development stage | (2,600 | ) | ||
Total stockholder’s equity | 8,400 | |||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY | $ | 10,000 |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-2
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Period from November 18, 2009 (Inception) to November 30, 2009
Revenues | $ | -0- | ||
Expenses | 2,600 | |||
Net Loss | $ | (2,600 | ) | |
Net loss per share: | ||||
Basic and diluted | $ | (0.00 | ) | |
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||
Basic and diluted | 10,000,000 |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-3
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY
Period from November 18, 2009 (Inception) to November 30, 2009
Preferred Stock | Common stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Deficit accumulated during the development stage | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock @ $.001 | 1,000,000 | $ | 1,000 | 10,000,000 | $ | 10,000 | $ | - | $ | 11,000 | ||||||||||||||
Net loss for the period | - | - | - | - | (2,600 | ) | (2,600 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, November 30, 2009 | 1,000,000 | $ | 1,000 | 10,000,000 | $ | 10,000 | $ | (2,600 | ) | $ | 8,400 |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-4
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Period from November 18, 2009 (Inception) to November 30, 2009
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Net loss for the period | $ | (2,600 | ) | |
Change in non-cash working capital items: | ||||
Increase in prepaid expenses | (5,000 | ) | ||
NET CASH (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES | (7,600 | ) | ||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||
Proceeds from sales of stock | 11,000 | |||
Proceeds from note payable – related party | 1,600 | |||
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES | 12,600 | |||
NET INCREASE IN CASH | 5,000 | |||
CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD | -0- | |||
CASH, END OF PERIOD | $ | 5,000 | ||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION | ||||
Interest paid | $ | -0- | ||
Income taxes paid | $ | -0- |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-5
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2009
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature of Business
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. is a development stage company and was incorporated in Nevada on November 18, 2009. The Company’s objective is to purchase, manage, and dispose of real estate assets.
Development Stage Company
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for development stage companies. A development stage company is one in which planned principal operations have not commenced or if its operations have commenced, there has been no significant revenues there from.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At November 30, 2009 the Company had $5,000 of unrestricted cash.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, and an amount due to a relate dparty. The carrying amount of these financial instruments approximates fair value due either to length of maturity or interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates unless otherwise disclosed in these financial statements.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are computed using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws. A valuation allowance is provided for the amount of deferred tax assets that, based on available evidence, are not expected to be realized.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Basic loss per share
Basic loss per share has been calculated based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.
F-6
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2009
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company does not expect the adoption of recently issued accounting pronouncements to have a significant impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flow.
NOTE 2 – PREPAID EXPENSES
Prepaid expenses consisted of the following at November 30, 2009:
Prepaid legal fees | $ 5,000 |
NOTE 3 – NOTE PAYABLE – RELATED PARTY
The Company received a $1,600 note payable from an individual on November 18, 2009. The note is due on demand, unsecured, and bears no interest. The individual is related due to his ownership of CBC Realty Investments, LLC, which is the owner of 100% of the outstanding common stock of the Company.
NOTE 4 – INCOME TAXES
For the period ended November 30, 2009, the Company has incurred net losses and, therefore, has no tax liability. The net deferred tax asset generated by the loss carry-forward has been fully reserved. The cumulative net operating loss carry-forward is approximately $2,600 at November 30, 2009, and will expire beginning in the year 2029.
The cumulative tax effect at the expected rate of 34% of significant items comprising our net deferred tax amount is as follows:
2009 | ||||
Deferred tax asset attributable to: | ||||
Net operating loss carryover | $ | 884 | ||
Valuation allowance | (884 | ) | ||
Net deferred tax asset | $ | - |
NOTE 5 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has committed to issue 1,000,000 common shares to a business consultant and 50,000 common shares to its corporate attorney, for services to be rendered.
The Company has analyzed its operations subsequent to November 30, 2009 through December 9, 2009 and has determined that it does not have any other material subsequent events to disclose in these financial statements.
F-7
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2009
NOTE 6 – LIQUIDITY AND GOING CONCERN
Commonwealth Realty Partners, Inc., has operating losses since inception, has not yet begun executing its business plan, and has not yet received revenues from sales of products or services. These factors create substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustment that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company generating cash from the sale of its common stock and/or obtaining debt financing and attaining future profitable operations. Management’s plans include selling its equity securities and obtaining debt financing to fund its capital requirement and ongoing operations; however, there can be no assurance the Company will be successful in these efforts.
F-8
Prospectus
______________________
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
50 Federal Street
Newburyport, MA 01950
Until, all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
PART II - INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 24. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
1. Title 17 of the Nevada Revised Statutes provides that each corporation shall have the following powers:
(a) NRS 78.7502 Discretionary and mandatory indemnification of officers, directors, employees and agents: General provisions.
1. A corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if he:
(a) Is not liable pursuant to NRS 78.138; or
(b) Acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.
Ê The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, does not, of itself, create a presumption that the person is liable pursuant to NRS 78.138 or did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, or that, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
2. A corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys’ fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit if he:
(a) Is not liable pursuant to NRS 78.138; or
(b) Acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation.
Ê Indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.
37
3. To the extent that a director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections 1 and 2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, the corporation shall indemnify him against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense. (Added to NRS by 1997, 694; A 2001, 3175)
1. Any discretionary indemnification pursuant to NRS 78.7502, unless ordered by a court or advanced pursuant to subsection 2, may be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances. The determination must be made:
(a) By the stockholders;
(b) By the board of directors by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding;
(c) If a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or
(d) If a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
2. The articles of incorporation, the bylaws or an agreement made by the corporation may provide that the expenses of officers and directors incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding must be paid by the corporation as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. The provisions of this subsection do not affect any rights to advancement of expenses to which corporate personnel other than directors or officers may be entitled under any contract or otherwise by law.
3. The indemnification pursuant to NRS 78.7502 and advancement of expenses authorized in or ordered by a court pursuant to this section:
(a) Does not exclude any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the articles of incorporation or any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, for either an action in his official capacity or an action in another capacity while holding his office, except that indemnification, unless ordered by a court pursuant to NRS 78.7502 or for the advancement of expenses made pursuant to subsection 2, may not be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a final adjudication establishes that his acts or omissions involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law and was material to the cause of action.
(b) Continues for a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and inures to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. (Added to NRS by 1969, 118; A 1987, 83; 1993, 976; 1997, 706; 2001, 1377, 3199)
1. A corporation may purchase and maintain insurance or make other financial arrangements on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise for any liability asserted against him and liability and expenses incurred by him in his capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation has the authority to indemnify him against such liability and expenses.
38
2. The other financial arrangements made by the corporation pursuant to subsection 1 may include the following:
(a) The creation of a trust fund.
(b) The establishment of a program of self-insurance.
(c) The securing of its obligation of indemnification by granting a security interest or other lien on any assets of the corporation.
(d) The establishment of a letter of credit, guaranty or surety.
Ê No financial arrangement made pursuant to this subsection may provide protection for a person adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable for intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law, except with respect to the advancement of expenses or indemnification ordered by a court.
3. Any insurance or other financial arrangement made on behalf of a person pursuant to this section may be provided by the corporation or any other person approved by the board of directors, even if all or part of the other person’s stock or other securities is owned by the corporation.
4. In the absence of fraud:
(a) The decision of the board of directors as to the propriety of the terms and conditions of any insurance or other financial arrangement made pursuant to this section and the choice of the person to provide the insurance or other financial arrangement is conclusive; and
(b) The insurance or other financial arrangement:
(1) Is not void or voidable; and
(2) Does not subject any director approving it to personal liability for his action,
Ê even if a director approving the insurance or other financial arrangement is a beneficiary of the insurance or other financial arrangement.
5. A corporation or its subsidiary which provides self-insurance for itself or for another affiliated corporation pursuant to this section is not subject to the provisions of title 57 of NRS. (Added to NRS by 1987, 80)
2. The Issuer's Certificate of Incorporation limits the liability of its Officers and Directors to the full extent permitted by Title 17 of the Nevada Revised Statutes. The bylaws provide for indemnification in accordance with the foregoing statutory provisions.
Item 25. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution*
The following table sets forth all estimated costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts, commissions and expense allowances, payable by the issuer in connection with the maximum offering for the securities included in this registration statement:
Amount | ||||
SEC registration fee | $ | 300.00 | ||
Blue Sky fees and expenses | 500.00 | |||
Legal fees and expenses | 10,000.00 | |||
Accounting fees and expenses | 3,500.00 | |||
Total | $ | 14,300.00 |
39
Item 26. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
The following sets forth information relating to all previous sales of common stock by the Registrant which sales were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.
In connection with organizing CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. why all caps, on November 18, 2009, Chris Cronin was issued 10,000,000 shares of restricted common stock in exchange for cash for startup expenses. Subsequently, Mr. Cronin distributed 765,000 to friends and family members on December 1, 2009.
The foregoing purchase and sale to this sophisticated person (officer and director) who had superior access to all corporate and financial information were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), pursuant to Section 4(2) on the basis that the transaction did not involve a public offering.
Name of Shareholder | Number Of Shares | |
Joy Cronin(1) | 300,000 | |
Paul Cronin(2) | 300,000 | |
Edward and Elinor Dalton(3) | 20,000 | |
Michael and Katie Underwood(4) | 5,000 | |
Pat Cronin(5) | 10,000 | |
Ryan DeJoy(6) | 10,000 | |
Tomas and Rose Dennis(7) | 10,000 | |
Tom and Deborah Gilmore(8) | 50,000 | |
Scott Frisch(9) | 10,000 | |
Tim Cronin(10) | 10,000 | |
Ed Lazaruk(11) | 5,000 | |
Marc Cooper(12) | 10,000 | |
Keith Munsell(13) | 25,000 | |
Chris Cronin (14) | 9,235,000 | |
TOTAL | 10,000,000 |
(1) | Is the mother of Chris Cronin, our president. Her address is 155-49 Spinnaka Ridge Road, Wells, ME 04090 |
(2) | Is the father of Chris Cronin, our president. His address is 127 Front Street, Apt 2RT, Marblehead, MA 01945 |
(3) | Are the mother and father in-law of Chris Cronin, our president. Their address is 20 Foster St, Danvers, MA 01923 |
(4) | 21 Beck Street, Newburyport, MA 01950 |
(5) | Is the brother of Chris Cronin, our president. His address is 10 Pond Rd, Apt. #5, Beverly, MA 01915 |
(6) | 6 Woodman Way #414, Newburyport, MA 01950 |
40
(7) | Tomas and Rose Dennis are the in-laws of Chris Cronin, our president. Their address is 2 Wentworth Drive, Newton, NH 03858 |
(8) | 74 Middle Street, Newburyport, MA 01950 |
(9) | 7 Virginia Lane, Newburyport, MA 01950 |
(10) | Is the brother of Chris Cronin, our president. His address is PSC 473, Box 8-339, FPO AP, 96349-0008 |
(11) | 153 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06511 |
(12) | 114 Lothrop Street, Beverly, MA 01915 |
(13) | 128 Waban Avenue, Newton, MA 02468 |
The shareholders listed above represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view toward distribution. None of the securities were sold through an underwriter and accordingly, there were no underwriting discounts or commissions involved.
Item 27. Exhibits Index.
The listed exhibits are filed with this Registration Statement:
Number | Exhibit Name | |
1.1 | Subscription Agreement | |
3.1 | Certificate of Incorporation | |
3.2 | By-Laws | |
4.1 | Specimen Stock Certificate | |
5.1 | Opinion of Jillian Ivey Sidoti, Esq. regarding legality | |
10.1 | Promissory Note with Chris Cronin | |
23.1 | Consent of Maddox Ungar Silberstein, PLLC |
All other Exhibits called for by Rule 601 of Regulation S-B are not applicable to this filing. Information pertaining to our common stock is contained in our Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws.
Item 28. Undertakings.
The undersigned registrant undertakes:
The undersigned registrant undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offer or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
I. To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
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II. To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post -effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement.
III. To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to the information in the Registration Statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:
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(i) If the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
Subject to the terms and conditions of Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission any supplementary and periodic information, documents, and reports as may be prescribed by any rule or regulation of the Commission heretofore or hereafter duly adopted pursuant to authority conferred to that section.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to our certificate of incorporation or provisions of Nevada law, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission the indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. If a claim for indemnification against liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant) of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding is asserted by a director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether the indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of the issue.
6. That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
i. | Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
ii. | Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
iii. | The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
iv. | Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on our behalf by the undersigned, in the City of Newburyport, State of Massachusetts, on December 14, 2009.
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc. | |||
By: | /s/ Chris Cronin | ||
Chris Cronin, | |||
President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer |
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates stated.
SIGNATURE | TITLE | DATE | ||
/s/ Chris Cronin | President, Treasurer and Director | December 14, 2009 | ||
Chris Cronin | (Principal Executive, Financial | |||
and Accounting Officer) | ||||
/s/ Chris Cronin | Vice President and Secretary | December 14, 2009 | ||
Chris Cronin |
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
EXHIBITS
TO
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
ON FORM S-1
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
CommonWealth Realty Partners, Inc.
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
SEC REFERENCE UMBER | TITLE OF DOCUMENT | LOCATION | ||
1.1 | Subscription Agreement | Filed herewith | ||
3.1 | Certificate of Incorporation and Amendment | Filed herewith | ||
3.2 | By-Laws | Filed herewith | ||
4.1 | Stock Certificate Specimen 009 with S-1 | Filed herewith | ||
5.1 | Opinion of Jillian Ivey Sidoti, Esq. regarding legality | Filed he rewith | ||
10.1 | Loan Agreement with Chris Cronin | Filed herewith | ||
23.1 | Consent of Maddox Ungar Silberstein, PLLC | Filed herewith |
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