Common Stock and Stockholders' Equity | Note 14. Common Stock and Stockholders’ Equity Stock Plans The Company’s 2015 Incentive Award Plan, 2017 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan and Livongo Acquisition Incentive Award Plan (collectively, the “Plans”) provide for the issuance of incentive and non-statutory options and other equity-based awards to its employees and non-employee service providers. The Company had 15,095,263 shares available for grant at September 30, 2022. All stock-based awards to employees are measured based on the grant-date fair value, or replacement grant date fair value in relation to the Livongo transaction, and are generally recognized on a straight line basis in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations over the period during which the employee is required to perform services in exchange for the award (generally requiring a four-year vesting period for each stock option and a three-year vesting period for each restricted stock unit (“RSU”)). Stock Options Options issued under the Plans are exercisable for periods not to exceed 10 years, and vest and contain such other terms and conditions as specified in the applicable award document. Options to buy common stock are issued under the Plans, with exercise prices equal to the closing price of shares of the Company’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the date of award. Stock option activity under the Plans was as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts and years): Weighted- Weighted- Average Number of Average Remaining Aggregate Shares Exercise Contractual Intrinsic Outstanding Price Life in Years Value Balance at December 31, 2021 3,426,978 $ 22.88 5.32 $ 242,569 Stock option grants 1,407,809 $ 34.33 N/A Stock options exercised (552,400) $ 10.22 N/A $ (23,208) Stock options forfeited (69,761) $ 57.38 N/A Balance at September 30, 2022 4,212,626 $ 27.81 6.25 $ 23,805 Vested or expected to vest at September 30, 2022 4,212,626 $ 27.81 6.25 $ 23,805 Exercisable at September 30, 2022 2,770,160 $ 22.06 4.50 $ 23,805 The total grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $0.3 million and $3.0 million, respectively. The total grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $24.9 million and $5.8 million, respectively. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are determined as follows: Volatility. The expected volatility was derived from the historical stock volatilities of the Company’s stock volatility over a period equivalent to the expected term of the stock option grants. Expected Term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. When establishing the expected term assumption, the Company utilizes historical data. Risk-Free Interest Rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with terms similar to the expected term on the options. Dividend Yield. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future and, therefore, it used an expected dividend yield of The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions and fair value per share: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 Volatility 56.69% - 67.95% 56.52% - 58.14% Expected term (in years) 4.1 4.1 Risk-free interest rate 1.13% - 3.46% 0.31% - 0.70% Dividend yield 0 0 Weighted-average fair value of underlying stock options $ $17.72 $ $72.46 For the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded compensation expense related to stock options of $2.4 million and $23.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded compensation expense related to stock options of $18.0 million and $77.1 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $25.1 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.8 years. Restricted Stock Units The fair value of RSUs is determined on the date of grant. RSU activity under the Plans was as follows: Weighted-Average Grant Date RSUs Fair Value Per RSU Balance at December 31, 2021 2,133,501 $ 168.43 Granted 5,649,470 $ 51.94 Vested and issued (826,297) $ 155.01 Forfeited (814,313) $ 112.22 Balance at September 30, 2022 6,142,361 $ 70.72 Vested and unissued at September 30, 2022 23,878 $ 92.15 Non-vested at September 30, 2022 6,118,483 $ 70.77 The total grant-date fair value of RSUs granted during the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $18.8 million and $23.1 million, respectively. The total grant-date fair value of RSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $293.5 million and $125.0 million, respectively. For the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs of $53.7 million and $42.8 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs of $147.8 million and $142.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $351.8 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.1 years. Performance Stock Units Stock-based compensation costs associated with the Company’s performance stock units (“PSUs”) are initially determined using the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date the awards are granted (service inception date). The vesting of these PSUs is subject to certain performance conditions and a service requirement ranging from 1 The ultimate number of PSUs that are issued to an employee is the result of the actual performance of the Company at the end of the performance period compared to the performance targets and ange from PSU activity under the Plans was as follows: Weighted-Average Grant Date Shares Fair Value Per PSU Balance at December 31, 2021 356,249 $ 140.01 Granted 471,659 $ 74.16 Vested and issued (199,066) $ 109.37 Forfeited (27,530) $ 90.44 Balance at September 30, 2022 601,312 $ 103.44 Vested and unissued at September 30, 2022 0 $ 0.00 Non-vested at September 30, 2022 601,312 $ 103.44 The total grant-date fair value of PSUs granted during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $0.0 million and $2.5 million, respectively. The total grant-date fair value of PSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $35.0 million and $70.4 million, respectively. For the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to PSUs of $3.1 million and $4.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to PSUs of $12.5 million and $16.7 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $8.8 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.3 years. Employee Stock Purchase Plan In July 2015, the Company adopted the 2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) in connection with its initial public offering. A total of 1,019,726 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under this plan as of September 30, 2022. The Company’s ESPP permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at a discount through payroll deductions during defined offering periods. Under the ESPP, the Company may specify offerings with durations of not more than 27 months and may specify shorter purchase periods within each offering. Each offering will have one or more purchase dates on which shares of its common stock will be purchased for employees participating in the offering. An offering may be terminated under certain circumstances. The price at which the stock is purchased is equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the common stock at the beginning of an offering period or on the date of purchase. During the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not issue any shares under the ESPP. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company issued 148,609 shares and 82,088 shares, respectively, under the ESPP. As of September 30, 2022, 422,022 shares remained available for issuance. For the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP of $0.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP of $2.0 million and $4.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $0.4 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 0.1 year. Total compensation costs for stock-based awards were recorded as follows (in thousands): Quarter Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization, which is shown separately) $ 675 $ 2,162 $ 4,994 $ 6,310 Advertising and marketing 3,614 5,244 10,523 15,141 Sales 11,064 17,518 33,845 57,638 Technology and development 17,660 22,910 51,532 77,335 General and administrative 22,649 23,867 66,204 84,547 Total stock-based compensation expense (1) $ 55,662 $ 71,701 $ 167,098 $ 240,971 (1) Excludes the amount capitalized related to internal software development projects. |