Pfenex (PFNX) 10-K 11 Mar 19 2018 FY Annual report Financial data

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Mar. 01, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Registrant Name	Pfenex Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001478121
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Public Float			$ 169.3
Trading Symbol	PFNX
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		31,485,199
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Small Business	true

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 56,220	$ 57,664
Restricted cash	200	200
Accounts and unbilled receivables, net	5,171	1,306
Income tax receivable	207	638
Other current assets	1,851	1,705
Total current assets	63,649	61,513
Property and equipment, net	7,671	7,397
Other long-term assets	133	133
Intangible assets, net	4,248	4,771
Goodwill	5,577	5,577
Total assets	81,278	79,391
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	2,005	1,905
Accrued liabilities	9,812	8,913
Current portion of deferred revenue	5,317	7,421
Current portion of capital lease obligations	316	228
Total current liabilities	17,450	18,467
Deferred revenue, less current portion	2,500	2,742
Capital lease obligations, less current portion	191	419
Total liabilities	20,141	21,628
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding
Common stock, par value $0.001, 200,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, 31,467,580 and 23,548,280 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively	32	24
Additional paid-in capital	262,405	219,446
Accumulated deficit	(201,300)	(161,707)
Total stockholders' equity	61,137	57,763
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 81,278	$ 79,391

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, authorized	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	31,467,580	23,548,280
Common stock, outstanding	31,467,580	23,548,280

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 14,857	$ 28,780	$ 60,194
Cost of revenue	5,022	5,156	5,313
Gross profit	9,835	23,624	54,881
Operating expense
Research and development	33,854	31,925	32,418
Selling, general and administrative	15,832	17,674	17,340
Total operating expense	49,686	49,599	49,758
(Loss) income from operations	(39,851)	(25,975)	5,123
Other income, net	258	119	149
Net (loss) income before income taxes	(39,593)	(25,856)	5,272
Income tax benefit	0	172	209
Net (loss) income	$ (39,593)	$ (25,684)	$ 5,481
Net (loss) income per common share, basic and diluted	$ (1.40)	$ (1.09)	$ 0.23
Weighted-average common shares used to compute net (loss) income per share
Basic	28,340	23,503	23,389
Diluted	28,340	23,503	23,688

Consolidated Statements of Chan

Consolidated Statements of Changes Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid in Capital [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 71,181	$ 24	$ 212,661	$ (141,504)
Beginning Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2015		23,316
Exercise of stock options	123		123
Exercise of stock options, shares		78
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	204		204
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan, shares		36
Stock-based compensation expense	3,156		3,156
Net income (loss)	5,481			5,481
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	80,145	$ 24	216,144	(136,023)
Ending Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2016		23,430
Exercise of stock options	26		26
Exercise of stock options, shares		85
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	153		153
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan, shares		33
Stock-based compensation expense	3,123		3,123
Net income (loss)	(25,684)			(25,684)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	57,763	$ 24	219,446	(161,707)
Ending Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2017		23,548
Restricted stock units, value	57		57
Restricted stock units, shares		17
Exercise of stock options	$ 94		94
Exercise of stock options, shares	44	44
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	$ 115		115
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan, shares		39
Stock-based compensation expense	3,179		3,179
Issuance of common stock, net of discount and offering costs	39,522	$ 8	39,514
Issuance of common stock, net of discount and offering costs, shares		7,820
Net income (loss)	(39,593)			(39,593)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 61,137	$ 32	$ 262,405	$ (201,300)
Ending Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2018		31,468

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities
Net (loss) income	$ (39,593)	$ (25,684)	$ 5,481
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,148	876	670
Amortization of intangible assets	532	530	531
Deferred income taxes			1,955
Stock-based compensation expense	3,179	3,123	3,156
Loss/(Gain) on disposal of property and equipment	8	(20)	250
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts and unbilled receivables	(3,865)	1,516	(139)
Other current assets	(147)	173	(160)
Other long-term assets		(53)	25
Accounts payable	68	628	431
Accrued liabilities	1,157	(585)	3,250
Deferred revenue	(2,346)	(2,092)	(35,840)
Income tax receivable	431	78	(1,884)
Net cash used in operating activities	(39,428)	(21,510)	(22,274)
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisitions of property and equipment	(1,472)	(2,242)	(2,868)
Proceeds from sales of equipment		45	8
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,472)	(2,197)	(2,860)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of underwriters' fees	39,999
Payments for offering costs	(477)	0	0
Repayments of borrowings under line of credit agreement			(3,813)
Repayments of capital lease obligations	(238)	(109)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other stock issuances	210	179	327
Payment for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(38)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	39,456	70	(3,486)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(1,444)	(23,637)	(28,620)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Beginning of year	57,864	81,501	110,121
End of year	56,420	57,864	81,501
Supplemental schedule of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	41	22	30
Cash paid for taxes	48		32
Non-cash financing and investing transactions
Acquisitions under capital lease obligations	98	676	42
Restricted stock issuance for bonus payment	57
Asset acquisitions in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$ 210	$ 361	$ 248

Organization and Summary of Sig

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Business Activities and Organization Pfenex Inc. (the Company or Pfenex) is a clinical-stage development and licensing biotechnology company focused on leveraging its Pf ® Pf Pf ® ® ® Proposed Therapeutic Equivalent : PF708—Teriparatide PF708 is being developed as a therapeutic equivalent candidate to Forteo, which is approved and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company for the treatment of osteoporosis patients at a high risk of fracture. In April 2018, the Company and NT Pharma entered into a Development and License Agreement (NT Pharma Agreement), pursuant to which the Company granted an exclusive license to NT Pharma to commercialize PF708 in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand and a non-exclusive license to conduct development activities in such territories with respect to PF708. The Company will be responsible for commercial manufacturing and will provide NT Pharma with the product for commercial sale. NT Pharma will be responsible for all regulatory submissions, development costs and costs associated with regulatory approvals in such territories. In June 2018, the Company and Alvogen entered into a Development and License Agreement (Alvogen Agreement) pursuant to which Alvogen has the exclusive right to commercialize and manufacture PF708 in the United States. The Company will continue to be responsible for development and registration of PF708 in the US, while Alvogen will provide regulatory and development expertise. In February 2019, the Company and Alvogen entered into additional agreements, extending Alvogen’s rights to commercialize and manufacture PF708 to include the EU, certain countries in the Middle East and North Africa and to the ROW territories (excluding certain Asian countries granted to NT Pharma). Alvogen is responsible for local activities and for overseeing any clinical development, regulatory, litigation, commercial manufacturing and commercialization. Collaboration Partner: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited In July 2016, the Company and Jazz announced an agreement under which the Company granted Jazz worldwide rights to develop and commercialize multiple early stage hematology/oncology product candidates, including PF743, a recombinant crisantaspase, and PF745, a recombinant crisantaspase with half-life extension technology. In December 2017, the parties amended the Jazz agreement, bringing the total value of payments and potential payments associated with the collaboration to $224.5 million. In addition, the Company may be eligible to receive tiered royalties on worldwide sales of any products resulting from the collaboration at rates reduced from those under the 2016 agreement. Novel Vaccines: Px563L and RPA563—rPA based anthrax vaccines The Company is also developing Px563L and RPA563 , novel anthrax vaccine candidates, in response to the United States government’s unmet demand for increased quantity, stability and dose-sparing regimens of anthrax vaccine . The government contract is funded by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). The Company had initially entered into a development contract with BARDA in 2010. The $25.2 million fully-funded contract was completed in 2015, at which time BARDA awarded the Company a cost-plus fixed fee advanced development contract valued at up to approximately $143.5 million. In January 2017, BARDA exercised two options under its existing contract for further development of Px563L and RPA563. One of the exercised options was increased by $1.7 million in May 2018, which increased the total contract value to $145.2 million. In September 2018 , BARDA extended the contract period of performance to December 2019. Pf ē nex Expression Technology Licenses: CRM197 The Company has several development and commercial partnerships in place for CRM197, which is a non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin. It is a well-characterized protein and functions as a carrier for polysaccharides and haptens, making them immunogenic. The Company developed a unique CRM197 production strain based on its Pseudomonas fluorescens The Company expects revenue in the near term to be primarily related to monetizing its protein production platform through CRM197 product sales, commercial license agreements, service agreements, and government contracts, which may provide for various types of payments, including upfront payments, funding of research and development, milestone payments, intellectual property access fees and licensing fees. Other Pipeline Products In addition to the Company’s lead product candidates, its pipeline includes various other biosimilar candidates, including PF582, the Company’s biosimilar candidate to Lucentis, and PF529, the Company’s biosimilar candidate to Neulasta, as well as vaccines and next generation biologic candidates. Following its strategic review in November 2017, the Company decided to pause its development activities for PF582 and PF529 and focus the Company’s efforts and resources elsewhere in its product portfolio. At the Market Offering Program In March 2018, the Company entered into an equity sales agreement (Sales Agreement) with William Blair & Company, L.L.C. (William Blair) to sell shares of the Company’s common stock having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $20.0 million, from time to time, through an “at the market” equity offering program under which William Blair will act as sales agent. Under the Sales Agreement, the Company sets the parameters for the sale of shares, including the number of shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, limitation on the number of shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. As of December 31, 2018 , the Company had not sold any shares under the Sales Agreement. Follow-on Public Offering In May 2018, the Company completed a public offering of common stock in which it sold 7,820,000 shares of its common stock at an offering price of $5.50 per share, which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 1,020,000 shares, pursuant to the Company’s existing shelf registration statement. The net proceeds generated from this transaction, after underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs, were approximately $39.5 million. Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP), and reflect all of the Company’s activities, including those of its wholly-owned subsidiary. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These adjustments consist of normal and recurring accruals, as well as non-recurring charges. Use of Estimates The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts (including assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses) and related disclosures. Estimates have been prepared on the basis of the most current and best available information. However, actual results could differ from those estimates. Risk and Uncertainties The Company’s future results of operations involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, uncertainty of results of clinical trials and reaching milestones, uncertainty of regulatory approval of the Company’s product candidates, uncertainty of market acceptance of the Company’s products if approved for sale, competition from substitute products and larger companies, securing and protecting proprietary technology, strategic relationships and dependence on key individuals. Products developed by the Company require clearances from international and domestic regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales in such jurisdictions. There can be no assurance that the products will receive the necessary clearances. If the Company was denied clearance, clearance was delayed or the Company was unable to maintain clearance, it could have a materially adverse impact on the Company. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $201.3 million and expects to incur substantial operating losses for the next several years. The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents and cash inflow from operations will be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash needs for at least the next 12 months from the date these consolidated financial statements are issued, including all necessary activities leading up to and including meeting our obligations to contractually support our partner on the potential commercial launch of PF708 in the United States as early as the fourth quarter of 2019, subject to FDA approval of the new drug application and other factors. The Company will require substantial cash to achieve its objectives of discovering, developing and commercializing drugs, as this process typically takes many years and potentially hundreds of millions of dollars for an individual drug. The Company may not have adequate available cash, or assets that could be readily turned into cash, to meet these objectives in the long term. It will need to obtain significant funds under its existing collaborations and license agreements, under new collaboration, licensing or other commercial agreements for one or more of its drug candidates and programs or patent portfolios, or from other potential sources of liquidity, which may include the sale of equity, issuance of debt or other transactions. However, there can be no assurance that any additional financing or strategic investments will be available to the Company on acceptable terms, if at all. If events or circumstances occur such that it does not obtain additional funding, the Company will most likely be required to reduce its plans and/or certain discretionary spending, which could have a material adverse effect on its ability to achieve its intended business objectives. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and have an original maturity of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash amounts that are restricted as to withdrawal or usage are presented as restricted cash. In January 2017, the Company entered into a Borrower’s Pledge Agreement, which required $0.2 million in restricted cash to be provided as security for its commercial credit card arrangement with one of the Company’s banks. Concentrations Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, investments and accounts and unbilled receivables. The Company has established guidelines intended to limit its exposure to credit risk by placing investments with high credit quality financial institutions, diversifying its investment portfolio and placing investments with maturities that help maintain safety and liquidity. All cash and cash equivalents were held at three major financial institutions as of December 31, 2018. For the Company’s cash position of $56.4 million as of December 31, 2018, which included restricted cash of $0.2 million, the Company has exposure to credit loss for amounts in excess of insured limits in the event of non-performance by the institutions; however, the Company does not anticipate non-performance. Additional credit risk is related to the Company’s concentration of receivables. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, receivables were concentrated among three customers representing 87% and 89% of total net receivables, respectively. No allowance for doubtful accounts was recorded at December 31, 2018 or 2017. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, revenue was concentrated among two customers and/or collaboration partners representing 87% and 94% of total revenues, respectively. One collaboration partner represented 80% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 . A portion of revenue is earned from sales outside the United States. Non-U.S. revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. A breakdown of the Company’s revenue from U.S. and non-U.S. sources for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) US revenue $ 5,083 $ 6,477 $ 54,641 Non-US revenue 9,774 22,303 5,553 Total revenue $ 14,857 $ 28,780 $ 60,194 During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, Ireland accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2016, no single foreign country accounted for more than 10 % of the Company’s revenues. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and the lines of credit, are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy has been established, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: • Level 1—Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 included the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. There were no Level 1 liabilities; • Level 2—Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly. The Company had no Level 2 assets or liabilities at December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017; and • Level 3—Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities in which there is little or no market data. The Company had no Level 3 assets or liabilities at December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017. Accounts and Unbilled Receivables Accounts receivable represent primarily commercial receivables associated with the Company’s service fees, license fees, product sales and receivables from U.S. government contracts. Accounts receivable amounted to $1.5 million and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Unbilled receivables represent reimbursable costs in excess of billings and, where applicable, accrued profit related to long-term government contracts for which revenue has been recognized, but the customer has not yet been billed. Unbilled receivables amounted to $3.7 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The Company evaluates the collectability of its receivables based on a variety of factors, including the length of time the receivables are past due, the financial health of its customers and historical experience. Based upon the review of these factors, the Company recorded no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 . Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from five to ten years with the exception of leasehold improvements which are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or their estimated useful life. Intangible Assets Intangible assets include customer relationships, developed technology and trade names related to the Company’s asset acquisition and have been capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of 15 years, 20 years and 15 years, respectively. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other Than Goodwill The Company assesses potential impairments to its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist, the Company assesses the recoverability of the affected long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets can be recovered through undiscounted future operating cash flow expected to result from the use of the assets. If the carrying amount is not recoverable, the Company measures the amount of any impairment by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the present value of the expected future cash flows associated with the use of the asset. No impairment was noted for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 or 2016. Goodwill Goodwill is the excess of purchase price over the aggregate fair values of tangible and intangible assets acquired, less liabilities assumed, in a business combination. The Company does not amortize goodwill. Instead, goodwill is tested for impairment annually and between annual tests if the Company becomes aware of an event or a change in circumstances that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. The Company performs its annual impairment testing as of December 31 st Preclinical and Clinical Trial Accruals The Company’s clinical trial accruals are based on estimates of patient enrollment and related costs at clinical investigator sites, as well as estimates for the services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with multiple research institutions and clinical research organizations that conduct and manage clinical trials on the Company’s behalf. The Company estimates preclinical and clinical trial expenses based on the services performed, pursuant to contracts with research institutions and clinical research organizations that conduct and manage preclinical studies and clinical trials on its behalf. In accruing service fees, the Company estimates the time period over which services will be performed and the level of patient enrollment and activity expended in each period. If the actual timing of the performance of services or the level of effort varies from the estimate, the Company will adjust the accrual accordingly. Payments made to third parties under these arrangements in advance of the receipt of the related services are recorded as prepaid expenses until the services are rendered. Revenue The Company’s revenue is related to the monetization of its protein production platform through collaboration agreements, service agreements, license agreements, government contracts and sales of reagent protein products, which may provide for various types of payments, including upfront payments, funding of research and development, milestone payments, intellectual property access fees and licensing fees. The Company’s revenue generating agreements also include potential revenues for achieving milestones and for product royalties. The specifics of the Company’s significant agreements are detailed in Note 7 —Significant Research and Development Agreements. The Company considers a variety of factors in determining the appropriate method of accounting for its collaboration agreements, including whether multiple deliverables can be separated and accounted for individually as separate units of accounting. Where there are multiple deliverables within a collaboration agreement that cannot be separated and therefore are combined into a single unit of accounting, revenues are deferred and recognized using the relevant guidance over the estimated period of performance. If the deliverables can be separated, the Company applies the relevant revenue recognition guidance to each individual deliverable. Upfront, nonrefundable licensing payments are assessed to determine whether or not the licensee is able to obtain standalone value from the license. Where the license does not have standalone value, non-refundable license fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue as the Company performs under the applicable agreement. Where the level of effort is relatively consistent over the performance period, the Company recognizes fixed or determined revenue on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of performance. Where the license has standalone value, the Company recognizes total license revenue at the time all revenue recognition criteria have been met. Nonrefundable payments for research funding are generally recognized as revenue over the period the underlying research activities are performed. Revenue under service agreements are recorded as services are performed. These agreements do not require development achievement as a performance obligation and provide for payment when services are rendered. All such revenue is nonrefundable. Upfront, nonrefundable payments for license fees, exclusivity and feasibility services received in excess of amounts earned are classified as deferred revenue and recognized as income over the contract term or period of performance based on the nature of the related agreement. The Company recognizes revenue for its cost-plus fixed fee government contracts in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition including the authoritative guidance specific to federal government contractors. Reimbursable costs under the Company’s government contracts primarily include direct labor, materials, subcontracts, accountable property and indirect costs. In addition, the Company receives a fixed fee under its government contracts, which is unconditionally earned as allowable costs are incurred and is not contingent on success factors. Reimbursable costs under the Company’s government contracts, including the fixed fee, are generally recognized as revenue in the period the reimbursable costs are incurred. The Company assesses milestone payments on an individual basis and recognizes revenue from nonrefundable milestone payments when the earnings process is complete and the payment is reasonably assured. Nonrefundable milestone payments related to arrangements under which the Company has continuing performance obligations are recognized as revenue upon achievement of the associated milestone, provided that (i) the milestone event is substantive and its achievability was not reasonably assured at the inception of the agreement, and (ii) the amount of the milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the effort expended or the risk associated with the milestone event. For the year ended December 31, 2018, $1.3 million in revenue was recognized in connection with the Merck and Jazz collaborations. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, $1.0 million in revenue was recognized in connection with the achievement of development milestones associated with the Jazz The Company’s reagent protein products are comprised of internally developed reagent protein products and those purchased from original manufacturers for resale. Revenues for reagent product sales are reflected net of attributable sales tax. The Company generally offers a 30-day return policy. The Company recognizes reagent product revenue from product sales when it is realized or realizable and earned. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company has had minimal product returns related to reagent protein product sales. Therefore, no reserve for warranty and return rights was recorded Revenue under arrangements where the Company outsources the cost of fulfillment to third parties is evaluated as to whether the related amounts should be recorded gross or net. The Company records amounts collected from the customer as revenue, and the amounts paid to suppliers as cost of revenue when it holds all or substantially all of the risks and benefits related to the product or service. For transactions where the Company does not hold all or substantially all the risk, the Company uses net reporting and therefore records the transaction as if the end-user made a purchase from the supplier with the Company acting as a sales agent. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue includes costs incurred in connection with the execution of service contracts. These are primarily reimbursable costs under the Company’s government contracts and include costs for third-party manufacturing, materials and internal labor. Costs related to government contract activities are generally recognized as incurred. Cost of revenue also includes costs to manufacture or purchase, package and ship the Company’s reagent products; these costs are recognized upon shipment to the customer. Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses are recognized as incurred and amounted to $33.9 million, $31.9 million and $32.4 million for the years ending December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation Employee stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period. Stock-based compensation expense is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award, which is generally the vesting period of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation using a Black-Scholes option pricing model on the date of grant. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires multiple subjective inputs, which are discussed further in Note 9 — Stock-Based Compensation. The fair value of equity instruments expected to vest are recognized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally four years; however, certain provisions in the Company’s equity compensation plan provides for shorter and longer vesting periods under certain circumstances. Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as a change in equity of a business enterprise during a period, resulting from transactions from non-owner sources. There have been no items qualifying as other comprehensive income (loss) and, therefore, for all periods presented, the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) was the same as its reported net income (loss). Income Taxes The Company utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. A deferred income tax asset or liability is computed for the expected future impact of differences between the financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit, if any, to be derived from tax credits and loss carryforwards. Deferred income tax expense or benefit would represent the net change during the year in the deferred income tax asset or liability. Deferred tax assets, if any, are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Net (Loss) Income per Share of Common Stock Basic net (loss) income per common share is calculated by dividing the net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive securities during the period under the treasury stock method. For purposes of the diluted net (loss) income per share calculation, stock options and employee purchase plan shares are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. Securities are excluded from the computation of diluted net (loss) income per share if their effect would be anti-dilutive to earnings per share. Because the Company has reported a net loss for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 , diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, which clarifies the presentation of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statements of cash flows. Under the ASU, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts presented on the statements of cash flows. The ASU is intended to reduce diversity in practice in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The ASU requires that the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows explain the change in total cash and equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts. The ASU also requires a reconciliation between the total of cash and equivalents and restricted cash presented on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and the cash and equivalents balance presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The ASU was effective retrospectively on January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. This guidance was adopted during the quarter ended March 31, 2018. Upon adoption of this guidance, prior periods were retrospectively adjusted to conform to the current period’s presentation. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company had previously disclosed $0.2 million of restricted cash as net cash used in financing activities. The effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-18 on the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows was to reduce net cash used in financing by $0.2 million and include restricted cash balances in the balances of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation (Topic 718), Scope of Modification Accounting. The new standard clarifies when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. ASU 2017-09 was effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 , and the adoption did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808)—Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	2. Fair Value Measurements The fair value measurements of the Company’s cash equivalents and investments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, were determined using the inputs described above and are as follows: Total Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Data Using Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (in thousands) December 31, 2018 Cash and money market funds $ 56,420 $ 56,420 $ — $ — Total assets measured at fair value $ 56,420 $ 56,420 $ — $ — December 31, 2017 Cash and money market funds $ 57,864 $ 57,864 $ — $ — Total assets measured at fair value $ 57,864 $ 57,864 $ — $ — Cash and money market funds at December 31, 2018 and 2017 include restricted cash, which is included in current assets on the balance sheet.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Rest

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Text Block [Abstract]
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	3. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the statement of cash flows. December 31, 2018 December 31 2017 (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 56,220 $ 57,664 Restricted cash 200 200 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in statement of cash flows $ 56,420 $ 57,864

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment	4. Property and Equipment Property and equipment consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Furniture and equipment $ 367 $ 355 Computers and IT equipment 451 368 Purchased software 375 931 Lab and research equipment 9,154 8,131 Leasehold improvements 876 865 Construction-in-progress 328 162 Other fixed assets 83 64 Total property and equipment, gross 11,634 10,876 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (3,963 ) (3,479 ) Property and equipment, net $ 7,671 $ 7,397 Total property and equipment assets under capital lease were $1.0 million and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Accumulated depreciation related to assets under capital lease as of these dates were $137 thousand and $94 thousand, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, total depreciation and amortization expense was $1.1 million, $0.9 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and is included in cost of revenue, research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as follows: Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 51 $ — $ — Research and development 938 549 416 Selling, general and administrative 159 327 254 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 1,148 $ 876 $ 670

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Intangible Assets	5. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consisted of the following: December 31 , 2018 2017 (in thousands) Customer relationships $ 3,750 $ 3,750 Developed technology 4,400 4,400 Trade names 920 910 Gross intangible assets 9,070 9,060 Less: Accumulated amortization (4,822 ) (4,289 ) Total intangible assets, net $ 4,248 $ 4,771 Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $0.5 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Amortization expense is included within selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2018, estimated amortization expense for the next five years amounts to approximately $0.5 million per year.

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued Liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued Liabilities	6. Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Accrued vacation $ 493 $ 477 Deferred rent 589 620 Accrued bonuses 1,748 1,672 Other accrued employee-related liabilities 302 462 Accrued professional fees 1,524 575 Accrued supplier liability 387 690 Accrued subcontractor costs 4,265 2,681 Accrued clinical trial costs — 866 Other accrued liabilities 504 870 Total accrued liabilities $ 9,812 $ 8,913 Clinical trial for PF708 ended in the first half of 2018. No further clinical trial costs were required to be accrued. Activity related to preparing for PF708’s NDA submission led to increased accruals for subcontractors and professional fees.

Significant Research and Develo

Significant Research and Development Agreements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Research and Development [Abstract]
Significant Research and Development Agreements	7. Significant Research and Development Agreements The Company has two types of research and development agreements (i) those for which the Company co-develops or assists customers in developing their products (Collaboration Agreements), and (ii) those for which the Company receives funding to advance its own products (Funding Agreements). Collaboration and License Agreements Jazz In July 2016, the Company entered into a development and license agreement with Jazz Pharmaceuticals for the development and commercialization of multiple early stage hematology/oncology product candidates, including PF743, a recombinant crisantaspase, and PF745, a recombinant crisantaspase with half-life extension technology, and in the third quarter of 2017, achieved a process development milestone. The agreement also includes an option for Jazz to negotiate a license for a recombinant pegaspargase product candidate with the Company. Under the agreement, the Company received an upfront and option payment totaling $15.0 million in July 2016 and may be eligible to receive additional payments based on achievement of certain research and development, regulatory and sales-related milestones. In December 2017, the Company and Jazz entered into an amended and restated agreement. In connection with the amendment and restatement of the Jazz Agreement (as amended, the Amended Jazz Agreement), the Company received a total of $18.5 million, consisting of an upfront payment of $5.0 million and a payment of $13.5 million for development achievement. The Company may be eligible to receive additional payments under the Amended Jazz Agreement of up to $189.3 million based on achievement of certain research and development, regulatory and sales-related milestones. The total milestones are categorized as follows: $30.3 million based on achievement of certain research and development milestones; $34.0 million for certain regulatory milestones; and $125.0 million for sales milestones. For the non-sales-related milestones totaling $64.3 million, the Company conducted an evaluation as to whether they will be recorded using the milestone method and, as a result of this evaluation, estimates approximately $30.3 million of these non-sales-related milestones are deemed to be substantive. The Company may also be eligible to receive tiered royalties on worldwide sales of any products resulting from the collaboration at rates reduced from those under the 2016 agreement. Both Jazz and the Company will be contributing to the development efforts. Unless terminated earlier, the Amended Jazz Agreement will continue on a product-by-product basis for as long as Jazz is commercializing or having commercialized the products under the Amended Jazz Agreement. In accordance with ASC 605-25, the Company identified all of the deliverables at the inception of the Jazz Agreement and again upon entering into the Amended Jazz Agreement. The deliverables have not changed under the amendment. The significant deliverables were determined to be the research and development services related to the pegaspargase product candidate option and for license and research and development activities of the other hematology/oncology products. The Company has determined that the license, together with the research and development activities, represent one unit of accounting for each product under license, as the license does not have standalone value from the respective development activities. The research and development activities related to the pegaspargase option were determined to have standalone value apart from the license and development activities for the other hematology/oncology products. The estimated selling price for the pegaspargase product candidate and the hematology/oncology products was determined using an income approach. In determining the estimated selling price, the Company considered costs expected to be incurred for internal labor, burden rates, internal margins, and subcontractors. 0.8 The upfront and option payment for the original Jazz agreement and the amendment are being deferred and will be recognized as revenue ratably over the period in which the Company expects services to be rendered for each respective unit of accounting. As previously disclosed, the estimated period of revenue recognition approximates a range of 15 to 32 months. Based on changes to this estimate that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company modified the period of revenue recognition to range from 15 to 35 months. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company completed the service period related to one of the hematology products. In 2018, the Company achieved two development milestones and recognized $750 thousand in revenue for successful achievement of process development milestones for PF745. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded revenue of approximately $8.1 million, $21.6 and $3.6 million related to the Jazz Collaboration, respectively. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, deferred revenue associated with the Jazz collaboration was $2.7 million and $10.1 million, respectively. This deferred revenue will be recognized over the remaining period of performance from 3 to 6 months, subsequent to December 31, 2018. NT Pharma In April 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with NT Pharma under which the Company granted NT Pharma non-exclusive development and exclusive commercialization rights to PF708 in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. In accordance with the agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $2.5 million and may be eligible to receive up to $22.5 million in payments based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory, and sales-related milestones. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive double-digit royalties on net product sales. NT Pharma will be responsible for any further development required to achieve regulatory approval as well as commercialization activities in the applicable territories. The Company deems that none of the non-sales milestones are substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive would be recognized as revenue over the remaining period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met. In accordance with ASC 605-25, the Company identified all of the deliverables at the inception of the NT Pharma Agreement. The significant deliverables were determined to be the license and research and development services up through the NDA filing related to the PF708 product. The Company has determined that these deliverables meet the separation criteria and therefore are each treated as separate units of accounting. The upfront payment of $2.5 million was not fixed and determinable. Due to a contract clause, the $2.5 million could be payable to NT Pharma if the NDA was not filed by a specified date and additional deliverables were required after NDA submission. Alvogen In June 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with Alvogen in which the Company has granted Alvogen exclusive rights to commercialize PF708 in the United States. The Company will continue to be responsible for development and registration of PF708, while Alvogen is providing additional regulatory and development expertise. Alvogen has assumed responsibility for costs related to litigation, commercial manufacturing and supply chain, and commercialization of PF708. In consideration for the licenses and other rights granted in the development and license agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $2.5 million and may be eligible to receive an additional $25 million in support and regulatory milestone payments. The Company may also be eligible to receive a 50% gross profit split on sales if the product is rated as Therapeutically Equivalent (AP) to Forteo and up to 40% if rated differently. The Company deems that the support and regulatory milestones are substantive. In February 2019, the Company and Alvogen entered into agreements expanding the Company’s and Alvogen’s collaboration to develop and commercialize PF708 to the EU, to certain countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and to the ROW territories (the latter defined as all countries outside of the EU, US and MENA, excluding Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand). Pfenex will be eligible to receive additional upfront and milestone payments of $2.5 million for the EU and MENA and additional potential milestone payments for ROW. For the EU, MENA and ROW, Pfenex may also be eligible to receive a gross profit split of up to 60% on product sales, depending on geography and cost of goods sold. See footnote 14—Subsequent Events for further information. In accordance with ASC 605-25, the Company identified all of the deliverables at the inception of the Alvogen Agreement. The significant deliverables were determined to be the development and regulatory services up through the NDA filing and ultimate approval related to the PF708 product and the exclusive license granted to Alvogen to commercialize PF708 in the United States. The Company has determined that the license and the development and regulatory activities meet the separation criteria; therefore, they are each treated as separate units of accounting. To determine the stand-alone value of the license, the Company considered our negotiation discussions with Alvogen that led to the final terms of the agreement and other information. The Company determined a selling price for the services by estimating costs expected to be incurred for internal labor, burden rates, internal margins, and subcontractors. The upfront payment of $2.5 million received in 2018 is not fixed and determinable due to a contract clause that $2.5 million may be payable to Alvogen if the NDA approval is not transferred to Alvogen by a specified date; therefore, the upfront payment has been recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Alvogen supported certain agreed upon costs incurred by the Company in 2018 related to the preparation and filing of the NDA for PF708 totaling approximately $2.1 million. Pfizer In February 2015, the Company entered into a development and license agreement with Pfizer (Pfizer Agreement) for the development and commercialization of PF582. Under the terms of the Pfizer Agreement, in March of 2015 the Company received a non-refundable license payment of $51.0 million on receipt of antitrust approval. Following Pfizer’s strategic review of the current therapeutic focus of its biosimilar pipeline, the Company and Pfizer entered into a termination agreement in August 2016, pursuant to which the Pfizer Agreement was terminated and all rights to PF582 were returned to the Company. Upon termination, $45.8 million of previously deferred revenue was recognized. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recognized $48.0 million as license revenue related to the Pfizer Agreement. Funding Agreements The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services In July 2010, the Company entered into a contract with BARDA within the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to develop a production strain and process for the production of bulk recombinant protective antigen (rPA) from anthrax. The arrangement is a cost-plus fixed fee contract comprised of a base program and follow on options at BARDA’s election. At the inception of the contract, both BARDA and the Company entered into the arrangement with the expectation that BARDA would fund all costs of development and no costs in excess of the arrangement would be incurred by the Company. In December 2014, the Company filed the investigational new drug (IND) application for Px563L. BARDA extended the contract in December 2014 and provided additional funding, increasing the total contract to $25.2 million. The development contract was completed in August 2015. In August 2015, the Company entered into a contract with BARDA for the advanced development of Px563L and RPA563 as a novel vaccine candidate for the prevention of anthrax infection (BARDA Advanced Development Agreement). The BARDA Advanced Development Agreement is a cost-plus fixed fee development contract valued at up to approximately $143.5 million, including a 30-month base period of performance of approximately $15.9 million, and eight option periods valued at a total of approximately $127.6 million. The base period of performance was initially from August 2015 through February 2018 and later extended through . In addition to the base period, exercised additional phases of the development contract effective , totaling $ Revenue is recognized in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition including the authoritative guidance specific to federal government contractors. Reimbursable costs under this government contract primarily include direct labor, materials, subcontracts, accountable property and indirect costs. In addition, the Company receives a fixed fee under the BARDA contract, which is unconditionally earned as allowable costs are incurred and is not contingent on success factors. Reimbursable costs under this BARDA contract, including the fixed fee, are generally recognized as revenue in the period the reimbursable costs are incurred. The Company recorded revenues of $4.8 million, $5.5 million and $5.0 million for services performed in the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Reimbursable costs related to fulfilling on this contract amounted to $3.7 million, $3.5 million and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and are reflected in cost of revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The billing of any overage in indirect cost rates over the approved provisional rates in the contract is not allowed. Any such overage is expensed as incurred. When and if final rates with Defense Contract Audit Agency are approved, the Company will recognize any change in revenue resulting from the rate change in the period such revised rates are approved and as such this would be considered a change in estimate. This agreement is subject to early termination and stop-work order in conformance with Federal Acquisition Regulations 52.249-6 and 52.242-15 whereupon BARDA may immediately terminate the agreement early for convenience or request the Company to stop all or any part of the work for a period of at least 90 days. If BARDA is not adequately funded, there is a potential that some or all of the follow-on options could be delayed or never elected. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases In September 2012, the Company entered into a contract with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to provide services to advance vaccine components and technologies that accelerate the immune response for use in post-event settings following the intentional release of the NIAID Category A Priority Pathogen Bacillus anthracis or in response to naturally occurring outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by NIAID Category A Priority Pathogen B. anthracis. The arrangement was a cost-plus fixed fee contract comprised of a base program and 13 Revenue was recognized in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition including the authoritative guidance specific to federal government contractors. Reimbursable costs under this government contract primarily included direct labor, subcontracts and indirect costs. In addition, the Company received a fixed fee under the NIAID contract, which was unconditionally earned as allowable costs were incurred and was not contingent on success factors. Reimbursable costs under this NIAID contract, including the fixed fee, were generally recognized as revenue in the period the reimbursable costs were incurred. The Company recorded revenues of $0.3 million and $0.5 million for services performed in the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Reimbursable costs related to fulfilling this contract amounted to $0.3 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and are reflected in cost of revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The billing of any overage in indirect cost rates over the approved provisional rates in the contract is not allowed. Such overage was expensed as incurred. When and if final rates with Defense Contract Audit Agency are approved, the Company will recognize any change in revenue resulting from the rate change in the period such revised rates are approved and as such this would be considered a change in estimate.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	8. Commitments and Contingencies Lease Agreements In June 2010, the Company entered into an operating lease agreement (Lease) with a landlord for an initial term of 10 years, for its corporate headquarters comprised of one building located in San Diego, California. Occupation of the premises under the Lease began in April 2011. Under the terms of the Lease, the Company pays annual base rent, subject to an annual fixed percentage increase, plus its share of common operating expenses and tax obligations. The annual base rent was subject to abatement of 50% for the first year of the Lease. The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. In September 2014, the Company amended the Lease to extend the term for an additional three years through March 31, 2024 Rent expense was $ million, $ million, and $ million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which is included in cost of revenue, research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 42 $ — $ — Research and development 417 326 364 Selling, general and administrative 293 407 375 Total rent expense $ 752 $ 733 $ 739 In addition to the Lease, the Company has entered into operating and capital lease agreements for office and lab equipment that expire at various dates through 2021. As of December 31, 2018, the total estimated future annual minimum lease payment obligations under the Company’s non-cancelable leasing arrangements, including the facilities lease described above, are as follows: Payment Amounts Operating Leases Capital Leases Total (in thousands) 2019 $ 901 $ 344 $ 1,245 2020 899 197 1,096 2021 909 1 910 2022 934 — 934 2023 and thereafter 1,206 — 1,206 Total future minimum lease payments $ 4,849 $ 542 $ 5,391 Clinical Study and Development Activity Commitments The Company has entered into agreements with contract research organizations and subcontractors to further develop its product candidates. The total contracted costs under these arrangements totaled approximately $30.9 million as of December 31, 2018, of which $24.5 million has been incurred to date. These contracts can be cancelled at any time, with some having certain cancellation fees associated with the termination of the contract, and others that only obligate the Company through the termination date. Contingencies From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal proceedings, claims, and litigation in the ordinary course of business. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no material legal proceedings.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	9. Stock-Based Compensation Summary Stock-Based Compensation Information The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Cost of revenues $ 157 $ 265 $ 225 Research and development 1,418 1,028 822 Selling, general and administrative 1,604 1,830 2,109 Total $ 3,179 $ 3,123 $ 3,156 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Stock-based compensation from: Stock options $ 3,008 $ 2,993 $ 2,983 Employee stock purchase plan 171 130 173 Total $ 3,179 $ 3,123 $ 3,156 Stock Option Plan The Company’s board of directors adopted, and the Company’s stockholders approved, the Company’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (2009 Plan) in 2009. The 2009 Plan terminated in connection with the Company’s IPO in 2014 and, accordingly, no awards will be granted under the 2009 Plan following the IPO. However, the 2009 Plan will continue to govern outstanding awards granted thereunder. An aggregate of 1.1 million shares of common stock was reserved for issuance under the 2009 Plan. The 2009 Plan provided for the grant of incentive stock options and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and stock appreciation rights to the Company’s employees, directors and consultants. As of December 31, 2018, awards covering 0.4 million shares of common stock were outstanding under the 2009 Plan. In July 2014, the board of directors adopted a 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (2014 Plan) and the Company’s stockholders approved it. In May 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (2014 Amended Plan), to, among other things, increase the available shares by 2.5 million. The 2014 Amended Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, to employees and any parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees, and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units and performance shares to employees, directors and consultants and parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees and consultants. The shares available for issuance under the 2014 Amended Plan include shares returned to the 2009 Plan as the result of expiration or termination of awards (provided that the maximum number of shares that may be added to the 2014 Amended Plan pursuant to such previously granted awards under the 2009 Plan is 961,755 shares). The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2014 Amended Plan is 5.5 million plus shares added from 2009 Plan, if any. As of December 31, 2018, a total of 2.1 million shares of common stock were available for issuance pursuant to the 2014 Amended Plan. As of December 31, 2018, awards covering 3.4 In September 2016, the board of directors adopted the 2016 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan (2016 Plan). The 2016 Plan provides for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units and performance shares to new employees. Stock options granted under the 2016 Plan have a term of ten years from the date of grant Stock options granted to date under the 2009 Plan and the 2014 Plan have a term of ten years from the date of grant 10 In July 2014, the board of directors adopted the 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) and the stockholders approved it. As of December 31, 2018, a total of 1,584,800 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the ESPP. In addition, the ESPP provides for annual increases in the number of shares available for sale under the ESPP on the first day of each fiscal year beginning in 2015, equal to the least of: (i) 355,618 shares; (ii) 1.5% of the outstanding shares of the common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year; or (iii) such other amount as may be determined by the administrator. As of December 31, 2018, 131,305 Stock Options The exercise price of all options granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was equal to the estimated fair value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the grant date under the fair value method using the Black-Scholes model. The estimated fair values of the stock option, including the effect of estimated forfeitures, are then expensed over the requisite service period which is generally the vesting period. The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of stock options: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Risk-free interest rate 2.7 % 1.9 % 1.5 % Expected volatility 71.2 % 66.3 % 67.5 % Expected dividend yield 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % Expected life of options in years 6.3 5.5 6.2 The fair value of equity instruments that are ultimately expected to vest, net of estimated forfeitures, are recognized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires multiple subjective inputs, including a measure of expected future volatility. Prior to the Company’s IPO in 2014, the Company’s stock did not have a readily available market. Consequently, the expected future volatility was based on the historical volatility for comparable publicly traded companies over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the Company’s stock options. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2016, the expected future volatility was based on the historical volatility for the Company’s common stock. Following the completion of the Company’s IPO, the fair value of options granted is based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant as quoted on the NYSE American. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates during the period appropriate for the expected term of the options. The expected term of the options has been estimated using the simplified method to determine the expected life of the Company’s options due to insufficient activity as a basis from which to estimate future exercise patterns. With the exception of 1,217,784 shares of common stock issued in connection with the payment of all accrued and unpaid dividends on the preferred stock immediately prior to the completion of the Company’s IPO, the Company had never declared or paid dividends and has no plans to do so in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the dividend yield assumption is based on the expectation that the Company will not pay dividends on its common stock in the future. Authoritative guidance requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The weighted-average grant date fair values of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were $2.47, $2.92 and $5.47, respectively. Total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was $2.7 million, $3.9 million and $972 thousand, respectively. Stock option transactions under the 2009, 2014 and 2016 Plans during the year ended December 31, 2018 were as follows: Number of Options (in thousands) Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding at January 1, 2018 3,237 $ 7.50 Granted 1,789 3.77 Exercised (44 ) 2.13 Cancelled (forfeited) (827 ) 6.62 Outstanding at December 31, 2018 4,155 $ 6.13 7.30 $ 432 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018 3,640 $ 6.39 7.05 $ 431 Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2018 1,981 $ 7.92 5.52 $ 429 The Company received $94 thousand, $26 thousand and $123 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, for options exercised. As of December 31, 2018, there was approximately $3.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option awards, and the weighted-average period over which this cost is expected to be recognized is 2.57 years. The total aggregate intrinsic value, which is the amount, if any, by which the exercise price was exceeded by the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock, of options exercised, was $0.1 million, $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Retirement Plan

Retirement Plan	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Retirement Plan	10. Retirement Plan The Company has a 401(k) Savings Plan (401(k)). The 401(k) is for the benefit of all qualifying employees and permits voluntary contributions by employees up to a maximum percentage allowable by current IRS regulations. During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company made matching contributions to the 401(k) of $0.3 million, $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	11. Income Taxes The components of the income tax (benefit) expense are as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Current $ — $ (172 ) $ (2,164 ) Deferred — — 1,955 Total benefit $ — $ (172 ) $ (209 ) For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded zero tax expense. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded an income tax provision benefit of $0.2 million attributable to U.S. Federal refundable alternative minimum tax and state income tax. The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company had no accrual for interest or penalties on its balance sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company is subject to taxation in the United State and various state jurisdictions. The Company’s tax years 2013 and forward are subject to examination by the United States and tax years 2009 and forward in California and various state tax authorities. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017. Pursuant to the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, “Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (“SAB 118”), a company may select between one of three scenarios to determine a reasonable estimate arising from the Tax Act. Those scenarios are (i) a final estimate which effectively closes the measurement window; (ii) a reasonable estimate leaving the measurement window open for future revisions; and (iii) no estimate as the law is still being analyzed. The Company was able to provide a reasonable estimate for the revaluation of deferred taxes by recording a net tax provision of $ 6.4 0.2 As of December 31, 2018, the Company had federal and state research and development credits carryforwards of approximately $6.6 million and $3.5 million, respectively, to offset potential tax liabilities. The federal research and development credits have a 20-year carryforward period and begin to expire in 2030 unless utilized. California research and development tax credits have no expiration. The Company has $79.9 million federal net operating loss carryforwards and $44.4 2037 unless utilized. Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Sections 382 and 383, annual use of the Company’s net operating loss and research and development credit carryforwards may be limited in the event a cumulative change in ownership of more than 50% occurs within a three-year period. The Company completed an IRC Section 382/383 analysis through December 31, 2014 regarding the limitation of net operating loss and research and development credit carryforwards and found that a greater than 50% cumulative change in ownership occurred in August 2014 in conjunction with the Company’s initial public offering. The Company has significant built in gains; therefore all the pre-change net operating losses were available for utilization. The Company has not analyzed whether it has experienced an ownership change for purposes of Sections 382 and 383 of the Code since 2014. It may have experienced an ownership change in connection with the sale of securities pursuant to a predecessor registration statement or otherwise and it may experience ownership changes in the future as a result of shifts in its stock ownership. The Company plans to complete a Section 382/383 analysis as of December 31, 2018 to determine if it had an ownership change. As a result, if or when it earns net taxable income, the Company’s ability to use its pre-change NOLs to offset such taxable income may be subject to limitations. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are shown below. A valuation allowance of $ 30.5 19.2 December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Deferred tax assets Net operating losses $ 19,860 $ 10,968 Stock-based compensation 1,502 1,196 Research and development credits 8,157 5,473 Deferred revenue 1,907 2,581 Accruals and other 678 696 Total deferred tax assets 32,104 20,914 Deferred tax liabilities Depreciation and amortization (464 ) (436 ) Intangible assets (1,097 ) (1,267 ) Total deferred tax liabilities (1,561 ) (1,703 ) Valuation allowance (30,543 ) (19,211 ) Net deferred tax asset $ — $ — The provision for income taxes differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily due to state and local income taxes, valuation allowance established, R&D credits and the impact of tax reform. A reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate and federal statutory tax rate at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Federal income taxes $ (8,328 ) $ (8,791 ) $ 1,792 State income taxes (1,065 ) (949 ) 190 State rate changes 110 (392 ) (1,080 ) Impact of change in federal income tax rates — 6,401 — Stock-based compensation 401 623 489 Valuation allowance 11,332 4,728 130 Research and development credits (2,684 ) (1,897 ) (1,683 ) Permanent items and other 234 105 (47 ) Total income tax (benefit) expense $ — $ (172 ) $ (209 ) In accordance with authoritative guidance, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. The Company has an uncertain tax position with respect to its research and development credits as of December 31, 2018. The following is a tabular reconciliation of the Company’s Unrecognized Tax Benefits activity (excluding interest and penalties): December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Beginning balance of unrecognized tax benefits $ 1,032 $ 730 $ 301 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 351 361 369 Additions based on tax positions of prior years 11 — 79 Reductions for tax positions of prior years — (59 ) (19 ) Ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits $ 1,394 $ 1,032 $ 730 As of December 31, 2018, if recognized, approximately $ 1.4 million would affect the effective tax rate if the Company did not have a full valuation allowance. The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. No accrued interest or penalties were included in its consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2018 or 2017, and the Company did not recognize any interest and/or penalties in its consolidated statements of operations during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, or 2016. The Company does not anticipate significant increases or decreases within the next 12 months with respect to its unrecognized tax benefit. The Company is subject to income tax in the United States, California and Massachusetts. The Company is subject to income tax examination by various state tax authorities for the years beginning in 2009

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock	12. Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders of the Company: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands, except per share data) Net (loss) income $ (39,593 ) $ (25,684 ) $ 5,481 Weighted average shares used to compute basic net (loss) income per share 28,340 23,503 23,389 Dilutive effect of employee stock option plans — — 299 Dilutive weighted-average common shares outstanding 28,340 23,503 23,688 Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share $ (1.40 ) $ (1.09 ) $ 0.23 Basic net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period, determined using the treasury-stock method, if inclusion of these is dilutive. Because the Company reported a net loss for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods. The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding at the end of the periods presented have been excluded from the computation of diluted shares outstanding because of their anti-dilutive impact to earnings per share: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Options to purchase common stock 4,155 3,237 1,774 E mployee stock purchase plan 61 75 60 Total 4,216 3,312 1,834

Quarterly Financial Data

Quarterly Financial Data	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Quarterly Financial Data	13. Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) The following is a summary of the quarterly results of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Year Ended December 31 (in thousands, except for per share data) 2018 Revenues $ 3,746 $ 4,190 $ 3,570 $ 3,351 $ 14,857 Cost of revenues 1,520 924 1,479 1,099 5,022 Gross profit 2,226 3,266 2,091 2,252 9,835 Operating expenses 13,256 14,386 12,868 9,176 49,686 Other income, net 3 39 115 101 258 Net loss (11,027 ) (11,081 ) (10,662 ) (6,823 ) (39,593 ) Net loss per common share, basic and diluted $ (0.47 ) $ (0.41 ) $ (0.34 ) $ (0.22 ) $ (1.40 ) Weighted-average common shares used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share 23,569 26,771 31,437 31,461 28,340 2017 Revenues $ 2,818 $ 3,029 $ 5,024 $ 17,909 $ 28,780 Cost of revenues 810 905 1,766 1,675 5,156 Gross profit 2,008 2,124 3,258 16,234 23,624 Operating expenses 12,084 14,486 12,111 10,918 49,599 Other income, net 44 38 35 2 119 Income tax benefit — — — 172 172 Net (loss) income (10,032 ) (12,324 ) (8,818 ) 5,490 (25,684 ) Net (loss) income per share, basic and diluted $ (0.43 ) $ (0.52 ) $ (0.37 ) $ 0.23 $ (1.09 ) Weighted-average common shares used in calculating net (loss) income per share: Basic 23,436 23,486 23,539 23,548 23,503 Diluted 23,436 23,486 23,539 23,697 23,503

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	14. Subsequent Events In February 2019, the Company and Alvogen entered into agreements expanding their collaboration to develop and commercialize PF708 to the EU, to certain countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and to the ROW territories (the latter defined as all countries outside of the EU, US and MENA, excluding Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand). The Company believes this collaboration leverages Alvogen’s international experience and expertise in regulatory, IP and supply chain activities, as well as its network of specialty marketing and sales pharmaceutical companies in these regions. Subject to applicable regulatory approvals, PF708 will be commercialized in Europe and Switzerland by Theramex, a leading global specialty pharmaceutical company dedicated to Women’s Health, in MENA by SAJA, a Tamer Group company, and in ROW by Alvogen’s current and/or future commercialization partners. Under the terms of the agreements, Alvogen will be responsible for the local activities through Theramex, SAJA and its other commercialization partners and for overseeing any clinical development, regulatory, litigation, commercial manufacturing and commercialization. Pfenex is eligible to receive additional upfront and milestone payments of $2.5 million for the EU and MENA and additional potential milestone payments for ROW. For EU, MENA and ROW, Pfenex may also be eligible to receive a gross profit split of up to 60% on product sales, depending on geography and cost of goods sold.

Organization and Summary of S_2

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Business Activities and Organization	Business Activities and Organization Pfenex Inc. (the Company or Pfenex) is a clinical-stage development and licensing biotechnology company focused on leveraging its Pf ® Pf Pf ® ® ® Proposed Therapeutic Equivalent : PF708—Teriparatide PF708 is being developed as a therapeutic equivalent candidate to Forteo, which is approved and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company for the treatment of osteoporosis patients at a high risk of fracture. In April 2018, the Company and NT Pharma entered into a Development and License Agreement (NT Pharma Agreement), pursuant to which the Company granted an exclusive license to NT Pharma to commercialize PF708 in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand and a non-exclusive license to conduct development activities in such territories with respect to PF708. The Company will be responsible for commercial manufacturing and will provide NT Pharma with the product for commercial sale. NT Pharma will be responsible for all regulatory submissions, development costs and costs associated with regulatory approvals in such territories. In June 2018, the Company and Alvogen entered into a Development and License Agreement (Alvogen Agreement) pursuant to which Alvogen has the exclusive right to commercialize and manufacture PF708 in the United States. The Company will continue to be responsible for development and registration of PF708 in the US, while Alvogen will provide regulatory and development expertise. In February 2019, the Company and Alvogen entered into additional agreements, extending Alvogen’s rights to commercialize and manufacture PF708 to include the EU, certain countries in the Middle East and North Africa and to the ROW territories (excluding certain Asian countries granted to NT Pharma). Alvogen is responsible for local activities and for overseeing any clinical development, regulatory, litigation, commercial manufacturing and commercialization. Collaboration Partner: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited In July 2016, the Company and Jazz announced an agreement under which the Company granted Jazz worldwide rights to develop and commercialize multiple early stage hematology/oncology product candidates, including PF743, a recombinant crisantaspase, and PF745, a recombinant crisantaspase with half-life extension technology. In December 2017, the parties amended the Jazz agreement, bringing the total value of payments and potential payments associated with the collaboration to $224.5 million. In addition, the Company may be eligible to receive tiered royalties on worldwide sales of any products resulting from the collaboration at rates reduced from those under the 2016 agreement. Novel Vaccines: Px563L and RPA563—rPA based anthrax vaccines The Company is also developing Px563L and RPA563 , novel anthrax vaccine candidates, in response to the United States government’s unmet demand for increased quantity, stability and dose-sparing regimens of anthrax vaccine . The government contract is funded by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). The Company had initially entered into a development contract with BARDA in 2010. The $25.2 million fully-funded contract was completed in 2015, at which time BARDA awarded the Company a cost-plus fixed fee advanced development contract valued at up to approximately $143.5 million. In January 2017, BARDA exercised two options under its existing contract for further development of Px563L and RPA563. One of the exercised options was increased by $1.7 million in May 2018, which increased the total contract value to $145.2 million. In September 2018 , BARDA extended the contract period of performance to December 2019. Pf ē nex Expression Technology Licenses: CRM197 The Company has several development and commercial partnerships in place for CRM197, which is a non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin. It is a well-characterized protein and functions as a carrier for polysaccharides and haptens, making them immunogenic. The Company developed a unique CRM197 production strain based on its Pseudomonas fluorescens The Company expects revenue in the near term to be primarily related to monetizing its protein production platform through CRM197 product sales, commercial license agreements, service agreements, and government contracts, which may provide for various types of payments, including upfront payments, funding of research and development, milestone payments, intellectual property access fees and licensing fees. Other Pipeline Products In addition to the Company’s lead product candidates, its pipeline includes various other biosimilar candidates, including PF582, the Company’s biosimilar candidate to Lucentis, and PF529, the Company’s biosimilar candidate to Neulasta, as well as vaccines and next generation biologic candidates. Following its strategic review in November 2017, the Company decided to pause its development activities for PF582 and PF529 and focus the Company’s efforts and resources elsewhere in its product portfolio. At the Market Offering Program In March 2018, the Company entered into an equity sales agreement (Sales Agreement) with William Blair & Company, L.L.C. (William Blair) to sell shares of the Company’s common stock having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $20.0 million, from time to time, through an “at the market” equity offering program under which William Blair will act as sales agent. Under the Sales Agreement, the Company sets the parameters for the sale of shares, including the number of shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, limitation on the number of shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. As of December 31, 2018 , the Company had not sold any shares under the Sales Agreement. Follow-on Public Offering In May 2018, the Company completed a public offering of common stock in which it sold 7,820,000 shares of its common stock at an offering price of $5.50 per share, which included the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 1,020,000 shares, pursuant to the Company’s existing shelf registration statement. The net proceeds generated from this transaction, after underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs, were approximately $39.5 million.
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP), and reflect all of the Company’s activities, including those of its wholly-owned subsidiary. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These adjustments consist of normal and recurring accruals, as well as non-recurring charges.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts (including assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses) and related disclosures. Estimates have been prepared on the basis of the most current and best available information. However, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Risk and Uncertainties	Risk and Uncertainties The Company’s future results of operations involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, uncertainty of results of clinical trials and reaching milestones, uncertainty of regulatory approval of the Company’s product candidates, uncertainty of market acceptance of the Company’s products if approved for sale, competition from substitute products and larger companies, securing and protecting proprietary technology, strategic relationships and dependence on key individuals. Products developed by the Company require clearances from international and domestic regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales in such jurisdictions. There can be no assurance that the products will receive the necessary clearances. If the Company was denied clearance, clearance was delayed or the Company was unable to maintain clearance, it could have a materially adverse impact on the Company. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $201.3 million and expects to incur substantial operating losses for the next several years. The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents and cash inflow from operations will be sufficient to meet its anticipated cash needs for at least the next 12 months from the date these consolidated financial statements are issued, including all necessary activities leading up to and including meeting our obligations to contractually support our partner on the potential commercial launch of PF708 in the United States as early as the fourth quarter of 2019, subject to FDA approval of the new drug application and other factors. The Company will require substantial cash to achieve its objectives of discovering, developing and commercializing drugs, as this process typically takes many years and potentially hundreds of millions of dollars for an individual drug. The Company may not have adequate available cash, or assets that could be readily turned into cash, to meet these objectives in the long term. It will need to obtain significant funds under its existing collaborations and license agreements, under new collaboration, licensing or other commercial agreements for one or more of its drug candidates and programs or patent portfolios, or from other potential sources of liquidity, which may include the sale of equity, issuance of debt or other transactions. However, there can be no assurance that any additional financing or strategic investments will be available to the Company on acceptable terms, if at all. If events or circumstances occur such that it does not obtain additional funding, the Company will most likely be required to reduce its plans and/or certain discretionary spending, which could have a material adverse effect on its ability to achieve its intended business objectives.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and have an original maturity of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash amounts that are restricted as to withdrawal or usage are presented as restricted cash. In January 2017, the Company entered into a Borrower’s Pledge Agreement, which required $0.2 million in restricted cash to be provided as security for its commercial credit card arrangement with one of the Company’s banks.
Concentrations	Concentrations Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, investments and accounts and unbilled receivables. The Company has established guidelines intended to limit its exposure to credit risk by placing investments with high credit quality financial institutions, diversifying its investment portfolio and placing investments with maturities that help maintain safety and liquidity. All cash and cash equivalents were held at three major financial institutions as of December 31, 2018. For the Company’s cash position of $56.4 million as of December 31, 2018, which included restricted cash of $0.2 million, the Company has exposure to credit loss for amounts in excess of insured limits in the event of non-performance by the institutions; however, the Company does not anticipate non-performance. Additional credit risk is related to the Company’s concentration of receivables. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, receivables were concentrated among three customers representing 87% and 89% of total net receivables, respectively. No allowance for doubtful accounts was recorded at December 31, 2018 or 2017. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, revenue was concentrated among two customers and/or collaboration partners representing 87% and 94% of total revenues, respectively. One collaboration partner represented 80% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 . A portion of revenue is earned from sales outside the United States. Non-U.S. revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. A breakdown of the Company’s revenue from U.S. and non-U.S. sources for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) US revenue $ 5,083 $ 6,477 $ 54,641 Non-US revenue 9,774 22,303 5,553 Total revenue $ 14,857 $ 28,780 $ 60,194 During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, Ireland accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2016, no single foreign country accounted for more than 10 % of the Company’s revenues.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments Financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and the lines of credit, are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy has been established, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: • Level 1—Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 included the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. There were no Level 1 liabilities; • Level 2—Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly. The Company had no Level 2 assets or liabilities at December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017; and • Level 3—Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities in which there is little or no market data. The Company had no Level 3 assets or liabilities at December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017.
Accounts and Unbilled Receivables	Accounts and Unbilled Receivables Accounts receivable represent primarily commercial receivables associated with the Company’s service fees, license fees, product sales and receivables from U.S. government contracts. Accounts receivable amounted to $1.5 million and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Unbilled receivables represent reimbursable costs in excess of billings and, where applicable, accrued profit related to long-term government contracts for which revenue has been recognized, but the customer has not yet been billed. Unbilled receivables amounted to $3.7 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The Company evaluates the collectability of its receivables based on a variety of factors, including the length of time the receivables are past due, the financial health of its customers and historical experience. Based upon the review of these factors, the Company recorded no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 .
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from five to ten years with the exception of leasehold improvements which are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or their estimated useful life.
Intangible Assets	Intangible Assets Intangible assets include customer relationships, developed technology and trade names related to the Company’s asset acquisition and have been capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of 15 years, 20 years and 15 years, respectively.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other Than Goodwill	Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other Than Goodwill The Company assesses potential impairments to its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment exist, the Company assesses the recoverability of the affected long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets can be recovered through undiscounted future operating cash flow expected to result from the use of the assets. If the carrying amount is not recoverable, the Company measures the amount of any impairment by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the present value of the expected future cash flows associated with the use of the asset. No impairment was noted for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 or 2016.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill is the excess of purchase price over the aggregate fair values of tangible and intangible assets acquired, less liabilities assumed, in a business combination. The Company does not amortize goodwill. Instead, goodwill is tested for impairment annually and between annual tests if the Company becomes aware of an event or a change in circumstances that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. The Company performs its annual impairment testing as of December 31 st
Preclinical and Clinical Trial Accruals	Preclinical and Clinical Trial Accruals The Company’s clinical trial accruals are based on estimates of patient enrollment and related costs at clinical investigator sites, as well as estimates for the services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with multiple research institutions and clinical research organizations that conduct and manage clinical trials on the Company’s behalf. The Company estimates preclinical and clinical trial expenses based on the services performed, pursuant to contracts with research institutions and clinical research organizations that conduct and manage preclinical studies and clinical trials on its behalf. In accruing service fees, the Company estimates the time period over which services will be performed and the level of patient enrollment and activity expended in each period. If the actual timing of the performance of services or the level of effort varies from the estimate, the Company will adjust the accrual accordingly. Payments made to third parties under these arrangements in advance of the receipt of the related services are recorded as prepaid expenses until the services are rendered.
Revenue	Revenue The Company’s revenue is related to the monetization of its protein production platform through collaboration agreements, service agreements, license agreements, government contracts and sales of reagent protein products, which may provide for various types of payments, including upfront payments, funding of research and development, milestone payments, intellectual property access fees and licensing fees. The Company’s revenue generating agreements also include potential revenues for achieving milestones and for product royalties. The specifics of the Company’s significant agreements are detailed in Note 7 —Significant Research and Development Agreements. The Company considers a variety of factors in determining the appropriate method of accounting for its collaboration agreements, including whether multiple deliverables can be separated and accounted for individually as separate units of accounting. Where there are multiple deliverables within a collaboration agreement that cannot be separated and therefore are combined into a single unit of accounting, revenues are deferred and recognized using the relevant guidance over the estimated period of performance. If the deliverables can be separated, the Company applies the relevant revenue recognition guidance to each individual deliverable. Upfront, nonrefundable licensing payments are assessed to determine whether or not the licensee is able to obtain standalone value from the license. Where the license does not have standalone value, non-refundable license fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue as the Company performs under the applicable agreement. Where the level of effort is relatively consistent over the performance period, the Company recognizes fixed or determined revenue on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of performance. Where the license has standalone value, the Company recognizes total license revenue at the time all revenue recognition criteria have been met. Nonrefundable payments for research funding are generally recognized as revenue over the period the underlying research activities are performed. Revenue under service agreements are recorded as services are performed. These agreements do not require development achievement as a performance obligation and provide for payment when services are rendered. All such revenue is nonrefundable. Upfront, nonrefundable payments for license fees, exclusivity and feasibility services received in excess of amounts earned are classified as deferred revenue and recognized as income over the contract term or period of performance based on the nature of the related agreement. The Company recognizes revenue for its cost-plus fixed fee government contracts in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition including the authoritative guidance specific to federal government contractors. Reimbursable costs under the Company’s government contracts primarily include direct labor, materials, subcontracts, accountable property and indirect costs. In addition, the Company receives a fixed fee under its government contracts, which is unconditionally earned as allowable costs are incurred and is not contingent on success factors. Reimbursable costs under the Company’s government contracts, including the fixed fee, are generally recognized as revenue in the period the reimbursable costs are incurred. The Company assesses milestone payments on an individual basis and recognizes revenue from nonrefundable milestone payments when the earnings process is complete and the payment is reasonably assured. Nonrefundable milestone payments related to arrangements under which the Company has continuing performance obligations are recognized as revenue upon achievement of the associated milestone, provided that (i) the milestone event is substantive and its achievability was not reasonably assured at the inception of the agreement, and (ii) the amount of the milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the effort expended or the risk associated with the milestone event. For the year ended December 31, 2018, $1.3 million in revenue was recognized in connection with the Merck and Jazz collaborations. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, $1.0 million in revenue was recognized in connection with the achievement of development milestones associated with the Jazz The Company’s reagent protein products are comprised of internally developed reagent protein products and those purchased from original manufacturers for resale. Revenues for reagent product sales are reflected net of attributable sales tax. The Company generally offers a 30-day return policy. The Company recognizes reagent product revenue from product sales when it is realized or realizable and earned. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company has had minimal product returns related to reagent protein product sales. Therefore, no reserve for warranty and return rights was recorded Revenue under arrangements where the Company outsources the cost of fulfillment to third parties is evaluated as to whether the related amounts should be recorded gross or net. The Company records amounts collected from the customer as revenue, and the amounts paid to suppliers as cost of revenue when it holds all or substantially all of the risks and benefits related to the product or service. For transactions where the Company does not hold all or substantially all the risk, the Company uses net reporting and therefore records the transaction as if the end-user made a purchase from the supplier with the Company acting as a sales agent.
Cost of Revenue	Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue includes costs incurred in connection with the execution of service contracts. These are primarily reimbursable costs under the Company’s government contracts and include costs for third-party manufacturing, materials and internal labor. Costs related to government contract activities are generally recognized as incurred. Cost of revenue also includes costs to manufacture or purchase, package and ship the Company’s reagent products; these costs are recognized upon shipment to the customer.
Research and Development Expenses	Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses are recognized as incurred and amounted to $33.9 million, $31.9 million and $32.4 million for the years ending December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Employee stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period. Stock-based compensation expense is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award, which is generally the vesting period of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation using a Black-Scholes option pricing model on the date of grant. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires multiple subjective inputs, which are discussed further in Note 9 — Stock-Based Compensation. The fair value of equity instruments expected to vest are recognized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally four years; however, certain provisions in the Company’s equity compensation plan provides for shorter and longer vesting periods under certain circumstances.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as a change in equity of a business enterprise during a period, resulting from transactions from non-owner sources. There have been no items qualifying as other comprehensive income (loss) and, therefore, for all periods presented, the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) was the same as its reported net income (loss).
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. A deferred income tax asset or liability is computed for the expected future impact of differences between the financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit, if any, to be derived from tax credits and loss carryforwards. Deferred income tax expense or benefit would represent the net change during the year in the deferred income tax asset or liability. Deferred tax assets, if any, are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Net (Loss) Income per Share of Common Stock	Net (Loss) Income per Share of Common Stock Basic net (loss) income per common share is calculated by dividing the net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive securities during the period under the treasury stock method. For purposes of the diluted net (loss) income per share calculation, stock options and employee purchase plan shares are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. Securities are excluded from the computation of diluted net (loss) income per share if their effect would be anti-dilutive to earnings per share. Because the Company has reported a net loss for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 , diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, which clarifies the presentation of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statements of cash flows. Under the ASU, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts presented on the statements of cash flows. The ASU is intended to reduce diversity in practice in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The ASU requires that the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows explain the change in total cash and equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts. The ASU also requires a reconciliation between the total of cash and equivalents and restricted cash presented on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and the cash and equivalents balance presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The ASU was effective retrospectively on January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. This guidance was adopted during the quarter ended March 31, 2018. Upon adoption of this guidance, prior periods were retrospectively adjusted to conform to the current period’s presentation. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company had previously disclosed $0.2 million of restricted cash as net cash used in financing activities. The effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-18 on the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows was to reduce net cash used in financing by $0.2 million and include restricted cash balances in the balances of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation (Topic 718), Scope of Modification Accounting. The new standard clarifies when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. ASU 2017-09 was effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this guidance during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 , and the adoption did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808)—Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Organization and Summary of S_3

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Summary of Sales Revenue	A portion of revenue is earned from sales outside the United States. Non-U.S. revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. A breakdown of the Company’s revenue from U.S. and non-U.S. sources for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) US revenue $ 5,083 $ 6,477 $ 54,641 Non-US revenue 9,774 22,303 5,553 Total revenue $ 14,857 $ 28,780 $ 60,194

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis	The fair value measurements of the Company’s cash equivalents and investments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, were determined using the inputs described above and are as follows: Total Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Data Using Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (in thousands) December 31, 2018 Cash and money market funds $ 56,420 $ 56,420 $ — $ — Total assets measured at fair value $ 56,420 $ 56,420 $ — $ — December 31, 2017 Cash and money market funds $ 57,864 $ 57,864 $ — $ — Total assets measured at fair value $ 57,864 $ 57,864 $ — $ —

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Re_2

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Text Block [Abstract]
Summary of Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the statement of cash flows. December 31, 2018 December 31 2017 (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 56,220 $ 57,664 Restricted cash 200 200 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in statement of cash flows $ 56,420 $ 57,864

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Summary of Property and Equipment	Property and equipment consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Furniture and equipment $ 367 $ 355 Computers and IT equipment 451 368 Purchased software 375 931 Lab and research equipment 9,154 8,131 Leasehold improvements 876 865 Construction-in-progress 328 162 Other fixed assets 83 64 Total property and equipment, gross 11,634 10,876 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (3,963 ) (3,479 ) Property and equipment, net $ 7,671 $ 7,397 Total property and equipment assets under capital lease were $1.0 million and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Accumulated depreciation related to assets under capital lease as of these dates were $137 thousand and $94 thousand, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, total depreciation and amortization expense was $1.1 million, $0.9 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and is included in cost of revenue, research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as follows: Years ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 51 $ — $ — Research and development 938 549 416 Selling, general and administrative 159 327 254 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 1,148 $ 876 $ 670

Intangible Assets (Tables)

Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Intangible Assets	Intangible assets consisted of the following: December 31 , 2018 2017 (in thousands) Customer relationships $ 3,750 $ 3,750 Developed technology 4,400 4,400 Trade names 920 910 Gross intangible assets 9,070 9,060 Less: Accumulated amortization (4,822 ) (4,289 ) Total intangible assets, net $ 4,248 $ 4,771

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Components of Accrued Liabilities	Accrued liabilities consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Accrued vacation $ 493 $ 477 Deferred rent 589 620 Accrued bonuses 1,748 1,672 Other accrued employee-related liabilities 302 462 Accrued professional fees 1,524 575 Accrued supplier liability 387 690 Accrued subcontractor costs 4,265 2,681 Accrued clinical trial costs — 866 Other accrued liabilities 504 870 Total accrued liabilities $ 9,812 $ 8,913

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Rent Expense	Rent expense was $ million, $ million, and $ million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which is included in cost of revenue, research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 42 $ — $ — Research and development 417 326 364 Selling, general and administrative 293 407 375 Total rent expense $ 752 $ 733 $ 739
Schedule of Estimated Future Annual Minimum Lease Payment Obligations under Non-cancelable Leasing Arrangements, Including Facilities Lease	As of December 31, 2018, the total estimated future annual minimum lease payment obligations under the Company’s non-cancelable leasing arrangements, including the facilities lease described above, are as follows: Payment Amounts Operating Leases Capital Leases Total (in thousands) 2019 $ 901 $ 344 $ 1,245 2020 899 197 1,096 2021 909 1 910 2022 934 — 934 2023 and thereafter 1,206 — 1,206 Total future minimum lease payments $ 4,849 $ 542 $ 5,391

Stock-Based Compensation (Table

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense	The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Cost of revenues $ 157 $ 265 $ 225 Research and development 1,418 1,028 822 Selling, general and administrative 1,604 1,830 2,109 Total $ 3,179 $ 3,123 $ 3,156 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Stock-based compensation from: Stock options $ 3,008 $ 2,993 $ 2,983 Employee stock purchase plan 171 130 173 Total $ 3,179 $ 3,123 $ 3,156
Assumptions used to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Options	The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of stock options: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Risk-free interest rate 2.7 % 1.9 % 1.5 % Expected volatility 71.2 % 66.3 % 67.5 % Expected dividend yield 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % Expected life of options in years 6.3 5.5 6.2
Stock Option Transactions under 2009, 2014 and 2016 Plans	Stock option transactions under the 2009, 2014 and 2016 Plans during the year ended December 31, 2018 were as follows: Number of Options (in thousands) Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding at January 1, 2018 3,237 $ 7.50 Granted 1,789 3.77 Exercised (44 ) 2.13 Cancelled (forfeited) (827 ) 6.62 Outstanding at December 31, 2018 4,155 $ 6.13 7.30 $ 432 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018 3,640 $ 6.39 7.05 $ 431 Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2018 1,981 $ 7.92 5.52 $ 429

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Components of Income Tax (Benefit) Expense	The components of the income tax (benefit) expense are as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Current $ — $ (172 ) $ (2,164 ) Deferred — — 1,955 Total benefit $ — $ (172 ) $ (209 )
Components of Deferred Tax Assets	A valuation allowance of $ 30.5 19.2 December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Deferred tax assets Net operating losses $ 19,860 $ 10,968 Stock-based compensation 1,502 1,196 Research and development credits 8,157 5,473 Deferred revenue 1,907 2,581 Accruals and other 678 696 Total deferred tax assets 32,104 20,914 Deferred tax liabilities Depreciation and amortization (464 ) (436 ) Intangible assets (1,097 ) (1,267 ) Total deferred tax liabilities (1,561 ) (1,703 ) Valuation allowance (30,543 ) (19,211 ) Net deferred tax asset $ — $ —
Reconciliation of Effective Tax Rate and Federal Statutory Tax Rate	The provision for income taxes differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily due to state and local income taxes, valuation allowance established, R&D credits and the impact of tax reform. A reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate and federal statutory tax rate at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Federal income taxes $ (8,328 ) $ (8,791 ) $ 1,792 State income taxes (1,065 ) (949 ) 190 State rate changes 110 (392 ) (1,080 ) Impact of change in federal income tax rates — 6,401 — Stock-based compensation 401 623 489 Valuation allowance 11,332 4,728 130 Research and development credits (2,684 ) (1,897 ) (1,683 ) Permanent items and other 234 105 (47 ) Total income tax (benefit) expense $ — $ (172 ) $ (209 )
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit activity Excluding Interest and Penalties	The following is a tabular reconciliation of the Company’s Unrecognized Tax Benefits activity (excluding interest and penalties): December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Beginning balance of unrecognized tax benefits $ 1,032 $ 730 $ 301 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 351 361 369 Additions based on tax positions of prior years 11 — 79 Reductions for tax positions of prior years — (59 ) (19 ) Ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits $ 1,394 $ 1,032 $ 730

Net (Loss) Income Per Share o_2

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders	The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders of the Company: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands, except per share data) Net (loss) income $ (39,593 ) $ (25,684 ) $ 5,481 Weighted average shares used to compute basic net (loss) income per share 28,340 23,503 23,389 Dilutive effect of employee stock option plans — — 299 Dilutive weighted-average common shares outstanding 28,340 23,503 23,688 Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share $ (1.40 ) $ (1.09 ) $ 0.23
Summary of Potentially Dilutive Securities Outstanding Excluded From Computation of Diluted Shares Outstanding	The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding at the end of the periods presented have been excluded from the computation of diluted shares outstanding because of their anti-dilutive impact to earnings per share: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Options to purchase common stock 4,155 3,237 1,774 E mployee stock purchase plan 61 75 60 Total 4,216 3,312 1,834

Quarterly Financial Data (Table

Quarterly Financial Data (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Quarterly Financial Data	The following is a summary of the quarterly results of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Year Ended December 31 (in thousands, except for per share data) 2018 Revenues $ 3,746 $ 4,190 $ 3,570 $ 3,351 $ 14,857 Cost of revenues 1,520 924 1,479 1,099 5,022 Gross profit 2,226 3,266 2,091 2,252 9,835 Operating expenses 13,256 14,386 12,868 9,176 49,686 Other income, net 3 39 115 101 258 Net loss (11,027 ) (11,081 ) (10,662 ) (6,823 ) (39,593 ) Net loss per common share, basic and diluted $ (0.47 ) $ (0.41 ) $ (0.34 ) $ (0.22 ) $ (1.40 ) Weighted-average common shares used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share 23,569 26,771 31,437 31,461 28,340 2017 Revenues $ 2,818 $ 3,029 $ 5,024 $ 17,909 $ 28,780 Cost of revenues 810 905 1,766 1,675 5,156 Gross profit 2,008 2,124 3,258 16,234 23,624 Operating expenses 12,084 14,486 12,111 10,918 49,599 Other income, net 44 38 35 2 119 Income tax benefit — — — 172 172 Net (loss) income (10,032 ) (12,324 ) (8,818 ) 5,490 (25,684 ) Net (loss) income per share, basic and diluted $ (0.43 ) $ (0.52 ) $ (0.37 ) $ 0.23 $ (1.09 ) Weighted-average common shares used in calculating net (loss) income per share: Basic 23,436 23,486 23,539 23,548 23,503 Diluted 23,436 23,486 23,539 23,697 23,503

Organization and Summary of S_4

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail)	1 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	May 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)Claims	Jan. 31, 2017USD ($)Option	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)Claims	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)Claims	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2010USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2016USD ($)
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | Claims					1
Accumulated deficit			$ (161,707,000)		$ (201,300,000)	$ (161,707,000)
Cash and cash equivalents original maturity, description					90 days or less
Restricted cash collateral				$ 200,000
Restricted cash			200,000		$ 200,000	200,000				$ 200,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable			0		0	0
Accounts receivable			1,100,000		1,500,000	1,100,000
Unbilled receivables			200,000		3,700,000	200,000
Impairment of long-lived assets					0	0
Impairment of goodwill					0	0
Revenue recognized					$ 1,300,000	1,000,000	$ 800,000
Product return policy period					30 days
Research and development expenses					$ 33,854,000	31,925,000	32,418,000
Requisite service period award					4 years
Accumulated dividends related to preferred stock			0		$ 0	0	0
Proceeds from sale of common stock					39,999,000
Follow On Public Offering [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | shares	7,820,000
Offering price | $ / shares | $ / shares	$ 5.50
Option to purchase an additional shares to underwriters | shares | shares	1,020,000
Net proceeds from public offering, after underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs	$ 39,500,000
Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Collaboration agreement potential payments			224,500,000
Revenue recognized					2,700,000	10,100,000
Reagent Protein Product [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Warranty reserve accrual			$ 0		0	$ 0
Novel Anthrax Vaccine Candidate [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Amount of contract eligible for payment	1,700,000
Total amount of contract	$ 145,200,000
Novel Anthrax Vaccine Candidate [Member] | Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Contractual amount									$ 25,200,000
Number of options period exercised | Option				2
Credit Availability Concentration Risk [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Cash					56,400,000
Restricted cash					$ 200,000
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration of risk percentage					87.00%	94.00%	80.00%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration of risk percentage					87.00%	89.00%
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of customers accounted for revenue | Claims					2	2
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of customers accounted for receivables | Claims			3		3	3
Trade Names [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Intangible assets estimated useful life					15 years
Customer Relationships [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Intangible assets estimated useful life					15 years
Developed Technology [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Intangible assets estimated useful life					20 years
Maximum [Member] | William Blair Company LLC [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of common stock		$ 20,000,000
Maximum [Member] | Novel Anthrax Vaccine Candidate [Member] | Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Advanced payment received on contracts performed								$ 143,500,000
Ireland [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Geographic Concentration Risk [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Basis Of Presentation And Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration of risk percentage					10.00%	10.00%	10.00%

Organization and Summary of S_5

Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Sales Revenue (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 3,351	$ 3,570	$ 4,190	$ 3,746	$ 17,909	$ 5,024	$ 3,029	$ 2,818	$ 14,857	$ 28,780	$ 60,194
Geographic Concentration Risk [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Revenue									14,857	28,780	60,194
Geographic Concentration Risk [Member] | US [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Revenue									5,083	6,477	54,641
Geographic Concentration Risk [Member] | Non - US [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Revenue									$ 9,774	$ 22,303	$ 5,553

Fair Value Measurements - Sched

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Detail) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and money market funds	$ 56,420	$ 57,864
Total assets measured at fair value	56,420	57,864
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and money market funds	56,420	57,864
Total assets measured at fair value	$ 56,420	$ 57,864

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Re_3

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - Summary of Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Nov. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 56,220	$ 57,664
Restricted cash	200	200		$ 200
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in statement of cash flows	$ 56,420	$ 57,864	$ 81,501		$ 110,121

Property and Equipment - Summar

Property and Equipment - Summary of Property and Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 11,634	$ 10,876
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(3,963)	(3,479)
Property and equipment, net	7,671	7,397
Furniture and Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	367	355
Computers and IT equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	451	368
Purchased Software [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	375	931
Lab and Research Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	9,154	8,131
Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	876	865
Construction-in-progress [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	328	162
Other Fixed Assets [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 83	$ 64

Property and Equipment - Additi

Property and Equipment - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment assets under capital lease	$ 1,000	$ 1,100
Accumulated depreciation related to assets under capital lease	137	94
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$ 1,148	$ 876	$ 670

Property and Equipment - Deprec

Property and Equipment - Depreciation and Amortization Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$ 1,148	$ 876	$ 670
Cost of revenue [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	51
Research and development [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	938	549	416
Selling, general and administrative [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$ 159	$ 327	$ 254

Intangible Assets - Summary of

Intangible Assets - Summary of Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Schedule Of Finite And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross intangible assets	$ 9,070	$ 9,060
Less: Accumulated amortization	(4,822)	(4,289)
Total intangible assets, net	4,248	4,771
Trade Names [Member]
Schedule Of Finite And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross intangible assets	920	910
Customer Relationships [Member]
Schedule Of Finite And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross intangible assets	3,750	3,750
Developed Technology [Member]
Schedule Of Finite And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross intangible assets	$ 4,400	$ 4,400

Intangible Assets - Additional

Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization of intangible assets	$ 532	$ 530	$ 531
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Next Rolling Twelve Months	500
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Rolling Year Two	500
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Rolling Year Three	500
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Rolling Year Four	500
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Rolling Year Five	$ 500
Selling, General and Administrative [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization of intangible assets			$ 500

Accrued Liabilities - Component

Accrued Liabilities - Components of Accrued Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Accrued vacation	$ 493	$ 477
Deferred rent	589	620
Accrued bonuses	1,748	1,672
Other accrued employee-related liabilities	302	462
Accrued professional fees	1,524	575
Accrued supplier liability	387	690
Accrued subcontractor costs	4,265	2,681
Accrued clinical trial costs		866
Other accrued liabilities	504	870
Total accrued liabilities	$ 9,812	$ 8,913

Significant Research and Deve_2

Significant Research and Development Agreements - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands

Jan. 02, 2019

Feb. 01, 2019USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)

May 31, 2018USD ($)

Apr. 30, 2018USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)Option

Aug. 31, 2017USD ($)

Jan. 31, 2017USD ($)

Jul. 31, 2016USD ($)

Aug. 31, 2015USD ($)Option

Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)

Sep. 30, 2012USD ($)Option

Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)

Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)

Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)

Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)

Jun. 30, 2017USD ($)

Mar. 31, 2017USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2017

Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)

May 31, 2016USD ($)

Mar. 31, 2015USD ($)

Jan. 31, 2015USD ($)

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Revenue of services performed

$ 3,351

$ 3,570

$ 4,190

$ 3,746

$ 17,909

$ 5,024

$ 3,029

$ 2,818

$ 14,857

$ 28,780

$ 60,194

Deferred revenue recognized

1,300

1,000

800

Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront and option payment

$ 15,000

Upfront payment

$ 5,000

Payments of development achievement

13,500

Revenue recognized

$ 8,100

21,600

3,600

Upfront and milestone payment total

18,500

Estimated selling price determination method

The estimated selling price for the pegaspargase product candidate and the hematology/oncology products was determined using an income approach. In determining the estimated selling price, the Company considered costs expected to be incurred for internal labor, burden rates, internal margins, and subcontractors.

Deferred revenue recognized

$ 2,700

10,100

NT Pharma Agreement [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront payment

$ 2,500

NT Pharma Agreement [Member] | NDA [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront payment

2,500

Deferred revenue

2,500

Alvogen Malta Operations Ltd [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront payment

$ 2,500

Percentage of gross profit received from rating of therapeutic equivalent

50.00%

Percentage of gross profit received without rating of therapeutic equivalent

40.00%

Estimated reimbursement costs

2,100

Alvogen Malta Operations Ltd [Member] | NDA [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront payment

$ 2,500

Deferred revenue

2,500

$ 2,500

Alvogen Malta Operations Ltd [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront and Milestone Payments

$ 2,500

Percentage Of Gross profit Received from Geography Basis

60.00%

Collaborative Arrangements, Product PF582 [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

License revenue recognized

48,000

Collaborative Arrangements, Product PF582 [Member] | Pfizer Collaboration Agreement [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Deferred revenue recognized

$ 45,800

Research and Development, Regulatory and Sales Related Milestones [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Additional payment

189,300

Research and Development, Regulatory and Sales Related Milestones [Member] | NT Pharma Agreement [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Additional payment

$ 22,500

Research and Development Milestones [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Upfront payment

800

Milestone payments

30,300

Regulatory Milestones [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Milestone payments

34,000

Sales Milestones [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Milestone payments

125,000

Non-sales-related Milestones [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Milestone payments

64,300

Substantive Non Sales Related Milestone [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Milestone payments

30,300

Process Development Milestones [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Revenue recognized

750

Support And Regulatory Milestone [Member] | Alvogen Malta Operations Ltd [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Additional payment

$ 25,000

Minimum [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Product development period

15 months

15 months

Minimum [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Product development period

3 months

Maximum [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Product development period

32 months

35 months

Maximum [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Product development period

6 months

Up-front Payment Arrangement [Member] | Collaborative Arrangements, Product PF582 [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Deferred revenue

$ 51,000

Pegaspargase Product [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Revenue recognition, selling price

10,000

Hematology Product [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Revenue recognition, selling price

2,500

Remaining upfront payment

$ 4,200

$ 4,200

Oncology Product [Member] | Jazz Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Revenue recognition, selling price

$ 2,500

Funding Agreements [Member] | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Total amount of contract

$ 145,200

$ 143,500

$ 25,200

Base program period

30 months

Number of follow on options | Option

8

Agreement description

The BARDA Advanced Development Agreement is a cost-plus fixed fee development contract valued at up to approximately $143.5 million, including a 30-month base period of performance of approximately $15.9 million, and eight option periods valued at a total of approximately $127.6 million. The base period of performance was initially from August 2015 through February 2018 and later extended through September 2018. In addition to the base period, BARDA exercised additional phases of the development contract effective January 2017, totaling $4.9 million and allowing for the continuing development of Px563L/RPA563. The period of performance for the two option periods was extended through September 2018 and December 2019. Over the course of 2017, the Company continued to collect favorable stability data for both products. Potential next milestones are the triggering of analytical and non-clinical animal study options, leading to potential Phase 2 study in 2019, subject in each case to continued funding by BARDA.

Revenue of services performed

$ 4,800

5,500

5,000

Reimbursable costs

$ 3,700

3,500

3,900

Agreement termination description

This agreement is subject to early termination and stop-work order in conformance with Federal Acquisition Regulations 52.249-6 and 52.242-15 whereupon BARDA may immediately terminate the agreement early for convenience or request the Company to stop all or any part of the work for a period of at least 90 days.

Amount of contract eligible for payments

$ 1,700

Funding Agreements [Member] | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [Member] | Base Period Performance Contracts [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Total amount of contract

$ 4,900

$ 15,900

Number of follow on options | Option

2

Funding Agreements [Member] | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [Member] | Option Period Contracts [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Total amount of contract

$ 127,600

Funding Agreements [Member] | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Member]

Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]

Total amount of contract

$ 22,900

Base program period

14 months

Number of follow on options | Option

13

Revenue of services performed

300

500

Reimbursable costs

$ 300

$ 400

Amount of contract eligible for payments

$ 2,200

$ 4,100

$ 3,000

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2017	Nov. 30, 2015USD ($)ft²	Sep. 30, 2014USD ($)ft²	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)Claims	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)Claims	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2010
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Initial term of lease							10 years
Lease commencement date				2011-04
Description of lease agreement terms				Under the terms of the Lease, the Company pays annual base rent, subject to an annual fixed percentage increase, plus its share of common operating expenses and tax obligations.
Annual base rent abatement percentage				50.00%
Extend term of lease				Lease to extend the term for an additional three years through March 31, 2024
Lease to add facilities | ft²		16,811	7,315
Increase in estimated rent payments over life of lease		$ 2,300
Additional term of lease agreement			3 years
Operating lease expiration date				Mar. 31, 2024
Rent expense				$ 752	$ 733	$ 739
Total contract costs				5,391
Research and Development Arrangements [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Total contract costs				30,900
Research and development costs incurred				$ 24,500
Indemnification Agreements [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Number of material legal proceedings | Claims				0	0
Sublease Agreement [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Sublease agreement term	8 months
Office and Lab Equipment [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Operating and capital lease expiration dates				various dates through 2021.
New Space [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Increase in estimated rent payments over life of lease			$ 1,500
Existing Space [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Increase in estimated rent payments over life of lease			$ 1,400

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Rent Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule of Lease Rent Expense [Line Items]
Total rent expense	$ 752	$ 733	$ 739
Cost of revenue [Member]
Schedule of Lease Rent Expense [Line Items]
Total rent expense	42	0	0
Research and Development [Member]
Schedule of Lease Rent Expense [Line Items]
Total rent expense	417	326	364
Selling, General and Administrative [Member]
Schedule of Lease Rent Expense [Line Items]
Total rent expense	$ 293	$ 407	$ 375

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Estimated Future Annual Minimum Lease Payment Obligations under Non-cancelable Leasing Arrangements, Including Facilities Lease (Detail) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Operating Leases, 2019	$ 901
Operating Leases, 2020	899
Operating Leases, 2021	909
Operating Leases, 2022	934
Operating Leases, 2023 and thereafter	1,206
Operating Leases, Total future minimum lease payments	4,849
Capital Leases, 2019	344
Capital Leases, 2020	197
Capital Leases, 2021	1
Capital Leases, 2022	0
Capital Leases, 2023 and thereafter	0
Capital Leases, Total future minimum lease payments	542
Total future minimum lease payments, 2019	1,245
Total future minimum lease payments, 2020	1,096
Total future minimum lease payments, 2021	910
Total future minimum lease payments, 2022	934
Total future minimum lease payments, 2023 and thereafter	1,206
Total future minimum lease payments	$ 5,391

Stock-Based Compensation - Summ

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	$ 3,179	$ 3,123	$ 3,156
Cost of Revenues [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	157	265	225
Research and Development [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	1,418	1,028	822
Selling, General and Administrative [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	1,604	1,830	2,109
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	3,008	2,993	2,983
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	$ 171	$ 130	$ 173

Stock-Based Compensation - Addi

Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2014	Jul. 31, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance	1,584,800
Number of common stock outstanding	4,155,000	3,237,000
Weighted average remaining contractual term	7 years 3 months 18 days
Shares annual increase terms under ESPP	Annual increases in the number of shares available for sale under the ESPP on the first day of each fiscal year beginning in 2015, equal to the least of: (i) 355,618 shares; (ii) 1.5% of the outstanding shares of the common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year; or (iii) such other amount as may be determined by the administrator.
Annually shares increase percent under ESPP					1.50%
Annual increase in number of shares available for sale under ESPP	355,618
Common stock issued in connection with payment of dividends	1,217,784
Weighted average grant date fair value, granted	$ 2.47	$ 2.92	$ 5.47
Fair value of shares vested during the period	$ 2,700	$ 3,900	$ 972
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options	$ 3,800
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options, weighted average period for recognition	2 years 6 months 25 days
Aggregate intrinsic value, excess of exercise price over estimated fair value of options exercised	$ 100	300	600
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	$ 94,000	$ 26,000	$ 123,000
2009 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance	1,100,000
Number of common stock outstanding	400,000
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, award vesting period	4 years
2014 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance				2,100,000
Stockholders' equity, increase	$ 2,500
Share based plan ten years date of grant	Stock options granted to date under the 2009 Plan and the 2014 Plan have a term of ten years from the date of grant
2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of common stock outstanding	400,000
Weighted average remaining contractual term	4 years
Share based plan ten years date of grant	Stock options granted under the 2016 Plan have a term of ten years from the date of grant
Percentage of share based compensation fair value	100.00%
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, award vesting period	4 years
Common stock available for issuance	100,000
2009 and 2014 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average remaining contractual term	10 years
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares purchased under ESPP	131,305
Incentive Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average remaining contractual term	5 years
Percentage of voting power	10.00%
Common Stock [Member] | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of common stock outstanding	3,400,000
Maximum [Member] | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance	5,500,000
Maximum [Member] | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance	500,000
Maximum [Member] | Scenario, May be added to the 2014 Plan [Member] | 2009 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum number of previously granted shares that can be added	961,755

Stock-Based Compensation - Assu

Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions used to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Options (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]
Risk-free interest rate	2.70%	1.90%	1.50%
Expected volatility	71.20%	66.30%	67.50%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Expected life of options in years	6 years 3 months 18 days	5 years 6 months	6 years 2 months 12 days

Stock-Based Compensation - Stoc

Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Option Transactions under 2009, 2014 and 2016 Plans (Detail) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]
Number of Options, beginning balance | shares	3,237
Number of Options, Granted | shares	1,789
Number of Options, Exercised | shares	(44)
Number of Options, Cancelled (forfeited) | shares	(827)
Number of Options, ending balance | shares	4,155
Number of Options, Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018 | shares	3,640
Number of Options, Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2018 | shares	1,981
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, beginning balance | $ / shares	$ 7.50
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted | $ / shares	3.77
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised | $ / shares	2.13
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Cancelled (forfeited) | $ / shares	6.62
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, ending balance | $ / shares	6.13
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018 | $ / shares	6.39
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2018 | $ / shares	$ 7.92
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years), Outstanding	7 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years), Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018	7 years 18 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years), Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2018	5 years 6 months 7 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding | $	$ 432
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018 | $	431
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2018 | $	$ 429

Retirement Plan - Additional In

Retirement Plan - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Contribution Plan [Abstract]
Employer Matching Contributions to the 401(K), Amount	$ 0.3	$ 0.2	$ 0.2

Income Taxes - Components of In

Income Taxes - Components of Income Tax (Benefit) Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Current					$ 0	$ (172)	$ (2,164)
Deferred					0	0	1,955
Total (benefit) expense	$ (172)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ (172)	$ (209)

Income Taxes - Additional Infor

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, incomplete accounting, provisional income tax expense (benefit)					$ 6,400,000
Provision for federal alternative minimum tax					$ 200,000
Federal research and development tax credit expiration year					2030
Operating loss carryforwards					$ 38,400,000
Operating loss carryforwards, expiration year					2037
Valuation allowance	$ 19,211,000				$ 30,543,000	$ 19,211,000
Uncertain tax positions						50.00%
Effective tax rate recognized					1,400,000
Accrued interest or penalties	0					$ 0	$ 0
Interest or penalties expense						0	0	$ 0
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ (172,000)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ (172,000)	$ (209,000)
U.S. statutory tax rate					35.00%	21.00%
State [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards					$ 44,400,000
State [Member] | Research and Development Credits [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Research and development tax credits carryforward					$ 3,500,000
State [Member] | Earliest Tax Year [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Tax years from and including remain open for examination					2009
Federal [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards					$ 79,900,000
Federal [Member] | Research and Development Credits [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Research and development tax credits carryforward					$ 6,600,000
Federal research and development tax credit expiration period					20 years

Income Taxes - Components of De

Income Taxes - Components of Deferred Tax Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Deferred tax assets
Net operating losses	$ 19,860	$ 10,968
Stock-based compensation	1,502	1,196
Research and development credits	8,157	5,473
Deferred revenue	1,907	2,581
Accruals and other	678	696
Total deferred tax assets	32,104	20,914
Deferred tax liabilities
Depreciation and amortization	(464)	(436)
Intangible assets	(1,097)	(1,267)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(1,561)	(1,703)
Valuation allowance	(30,543)	(19,211)
Net deferred tax asset	$ 0	$ 0

Income Taxes - Reconciliation o

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Effective Tax Rate and Federal Statutory Tax Rate (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Federal income taxes					$ (8,328)	$ (8,791)	$ 1,792
State income taxes					(1,065)	(949)	190
State rate changes					110	(392)	(1,080)
Impact of change in federal income tax rates					0	6,401
Stock-based compensation					401	623	489
Valuation allowance					11,332	4,728	130
Research and development credits					(2,684)	(1,897)	(1,683)
Permanent items and other					234	105	(47)
Total (benefit) expense	$ (172)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ (172)	$ (209)

Income Taxes - Reconciliation_2

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit activity Excluding Interest and Penalties (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Beginning balance of unrecognized tax benefits	$ 1,032	$ 730	$ 301
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	351	361	369
Additions based on tax positions of prior years	11		79
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	0	(59)	(19)
Ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits	$ 1,394	$ 1,032	$ 730

Net (Loss) Income Per Share o_3

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net (loss) income	$ (6,823)	$ (10,662)	$ (11,081)	$ (11,027)	$ 5,490	$ (8,818)	$ (12,324)	$ (10,032)	$ (39,593)	$ (25,684)	$ 5,481
Weighted average shares used to compute basic net (loss) income per share					23,548	23,539	23,486	23,436	28,340	23,503	23,389
Dilutive effect of employee stock option plans									0		299
Dilutive weighted-average common shares outstanding					23,697	23,539	23,486	23,436	28,340	23,503	23,688
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share	$ (0.22)	$ (0.34)	$ (0.41)	$ (0.47)	$ 0.23	$ (0.37)	$ (0.52)	$ (0.43)	$ (1.40)	$ (1.09)	$ 0.23

Net (Loss) Income Per Share o_4

Net (Loss) Income Per Share of Common Stock - Summary of Potentially Dilutive Securities Outstanding Excluded From Computation of Diluted Shares Outstanding (Detail) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Securities excluded from the computation of diluted shares	4,216	3,312	1,834
Options to Purchase Common Stock [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Securities excluded from the computation of diluted shares	4,155	3,237	1,774
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Securities excluded from the computation of diluted shares	61	75	60

Quarterly Financial Data - Summ

Quarterly Financial Data - Summary of Quarterly Financial Data (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 3,351	$ 3,570	$ 4,190	$ 3,746	$ 17,909	$ 5,024	$ 3,029	$ 2,818	$ 14,857	$ 28,780	$ 60,194
Cost of revenues	1,099	1,479	924	1,520	1,675	1,766	905	810	5,022	5,156	5,313
Gross profit	2,252	2,091	3,266	2,226	16,234	3,258	2,124	2,008	9,835	23,624	54,881
Operating expenses	9,176	12,868	14,386	13,256	10,918	12,111	14,486	12,084	49,686	49,599	49,758
Other income, net	101	115	39	3	2	35	38	44	258	119	149
Income tax benefit					172	0	0	0	0	172	209
Net (loss) income	$ (6,823)	$ (10,662)	$ (11,081)	$ (11,027)	$ 5,490	$ (8,818)	$ (12,324)	$ (10,032)	$ (39,593)	$ (25,684)	$ 5,481
Net income (loss) per share:
Net (loss) income per share, basic and diluted	$ (0.22)	$ (0.34)	$ (0.41)	$ (0.47)	$ 0.23	$ (0.37)	$ (0.52)	$ (0.43)	$ (1.40)	$ (1.09)	$ 0.23
Weighted-average common shares used in calculating net (loss) income per share:
Weighted-average common shares used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share	31,461	31,437	26,771	23,569					28,340
Basic					23,548	23,539	23,486	23,436	28,340	23,503	23,389
Diluted					23,697	23,539	23,486	23,436	28,340	23,503	23,688

Subsequent Events - Additional

Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Detail) - Subsequent Event [Member] - Alvogen Malta Operations Ltd [Member] $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Feb. 01, 2019USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Upfront and Mile stone Payment	$ 2.5
Percentage Of Gross profit Received from Geography Basis	60.00%