Cover Page
Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Feb. 05, 2024 | Jun. 30, 2023 | |
Cover [Abstract] | |||
Document Type | 10-K | ||
Document Annual Report | true | ||
Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2023 | ||
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | ||
Document Transition Report | false | ||
Entity File Number | 001-35907 | ||
Entity Registrant Name | IQVIA HOLDINGS INC. | ||
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code | DE | ||
Entity Tax Identification Number | 27-1341991 | ||
Entity Address, Address Line One | 2400 Ellis Rd. | ||
Entity Address, City or Town | Durham | ||
Entity Address, State or Province | NC | ||
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 27703 | ||
City Area Code | 919 | ||
Local Phone Number | 998-2000 | ||
Title of 12(b) Security | Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | ||
Trading Symbol | IQV | ||
Security Exchange Name | NYSE | ||
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | Yes | ||
Entity Voluntary Filers | No | ||
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | ||
Entity Interactive Data Current | Yes | ||
Entity Filer Category | Large Accelerated Filer | ||
Entity Small Business | false | ||
Entity Emerging Growth Company | false | ||
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag | true | ||
Entity Shell Company | false | ||
Entity Public Float | $ 40.8 | ||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 181,500,000 | ||
Documents Incorporated by Reference | Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. | ||
Amendment Flag | false | ||
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2023 | ||
Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY | ||
Entity Central Index Key | 0001478242 | ||
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] | false |
Audit Information
Audit Information | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Auditor Information [Abstract] | |
Auditor Name | PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
Auditor Location | Raleigh, North Carolina |
Auditor Firm ID | 238 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Income Statement [Abstract] | |||
Revenues | $ 14,984 | $ 14,410 | $ 13,874 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | 9,745 | 9,382 | 9,233 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 2,053 | 2,071 | 1,964 |
Depreciation and amortization | 1,125 | 1,130 | 1,264 |
Restructuring costs | 84 | 28 | 20 |
Income from operations | 1,977 | 1,799 | 1,393 |
Interest income | (36) | (13) | (6) |
Interest expense | 672 | 416 | 375 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 6 | 0 | 26 |
Other (income) expense, net | (124) | 33 | (130) |
Income before income taxes and equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates | 1,459 | 1,363 | 1,128 |
Income tax expense | 101 | 260 | 163 |
Income before equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates | 1,358 | 1,103 | 965 |
Equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates | 0 | (12) | 6 |
Net income | 1,358 | 1,091 | 971 |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests | 0 | 0 | (5) |
Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 966 |
Earnings per share attributable to common stockholders: | |||
Basic (in dollars per share) | $ 7.39 | $ 5.82 | $ 5.05 |
Diluted (in dollars per share) | $ 7.29 | $ 5.72 | $ 4.95 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding: | |||
Basic (in shares) | 183.8 | 187.6 | 191.4 |
Diluted (in shares) | 186.3 | 190.6 | 195 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | |||
Net income | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 971 |
Comprehensive income adjustments: | |||
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments, net of income tax (benefit) expense of $(3), $13 and $2 | (7) | 40 | 9 |
Defined benefit plan adjustments, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $4, $(3) and $21 | 7 | (10) | 69 |
Foreign currency translation, net of income tax (benefit) expense of $(55), $106 and $116 | (89) | (361) | (281) |
Reclassification adjustments: | |||
Reclassifications on derivative instruments included in net income, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $(17), $2 and $4 | (51) | 10 | 12 |
Comprehensive income | 1,218 | 770 | 780 |
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests | 0 | 0 | (5) |
Comprehensive income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | $ 1,218 | $ 770 | $ 775 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CO_2
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | |||
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments, income tax expense {benefit) | $ (3) | $ 13 | $ 2 |
Defined benefit plan adjustments, income tax (benefit) expense | 4 | (3) | 21 |
Foreign currency translation, income tax (benefit) expense | (55) | 106 | 116 |
(Gain) losses on derivative instruments included in net income, income tax expense | $ (17) | $ 2 | $ 4 |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
ASSETS | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 1,376 | $ 1,216 |
Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services, net | 3,381 | 2,917 |
Prepaid expenses | 141 | 151 |
Income taxes receivable | 32 | 43 |
Investments in debt, equity and other securities | 120 | 93 |
Other current assets and receivables | 546 | 561 |
Total current assets | 5,596 | 4,981 |
Property and equipment, net | 523 | 532 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 296 | 331 |
Investments in debt, equity and other securities | 105 | 68 |
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 134 | 94 |
Goodwill | 14,567 | 13,921 |
Other identifiable intangibles, net | 4,839 | 4,820 |
Deferred income taxes | 166 | 118 |
Deposits and other assets, net | 455 | 472 |
Total assets | 26,681 | 25,337 |
Current liabilities: | ||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 3,564 | 3,316 |
Unearned income | 1,799 | 1,797 |
Income taxes payable | 116 | 161 |
Current portion of long-term debt | 718 | 152 |
Other current liabilities | 294 | 152 |
Total current liabilities | 6,491 | 5,578 |
Long-term debt, less current portion | 12,955 | 12,595 |
Deferred income taxes | 202 | 464 |
Operating lease liabilities | 223 | 264 |
Other liabilities | 698 | 671 |
Total liabilities | 20,569 | 19,572 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 1 and 12) | ||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||
Common stock and additional paid-in capital, 400.0 shares authorized as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.01 par value, 257.2 shares issued and 181.5 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023; 256.4 shares issued and 185.7 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 11,028 | 10,898 |
Retained earnings | 4,692 | 3,334 |
Treasury stock, at cost, 75.7 and 70.7 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively | (8,741) | (7,740) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (867) | (727) |
Total stockholders’ equity | 6,112 | 5,765 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ 26,681 | $ 25,337 |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | ||
Common stock authorized (in shares) | 400,000,000 | 400,000,000 |
Common stock, par value (usd per share) | $ 0.01 | $ 0.01 |
Common stock, shares issued (shares) | 257,200,000 | 256,400,000 |
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 181,500,000 | 185,700,000 |
Treasury stock (in shares) | 75,700,000 | 70,700,000 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Operating activities: | |||
Net income | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 971 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,125 | 1,130 | 1,264 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount | 18 | 15 | 17 |
Stock-based compensation | 217 | 194 | 170 |
Gain on disposals of property and equipment, net | 0 | (10) | 0 |
Losses (earnings) from unconsolidated affiliates | 0 | 12 | (6) |
(Gain) loss on investments, net | (20) | 27 | (16) |
Benefit from deferred income taxes | (269) | (115) | (138) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Accounts receivable and unbilled services | (388) | (421) | (138) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 34 | 7 | (15) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 267 | 427 | 244 |
Unearned income | (29) | 31 | 591 |
Income taxes payable and other liabilities | (164) | (128) | (2) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 2,149 | 2,260 | 2,942 |
Investing activities: | |||
Acquisition of property, equipment and software | (649) | (674) | (640) |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired | (876) | (1,315) | (1,458) |
Purchases of marketable securities, net | (6) | (5) | (10) |
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates, net of payments received | (39) | (20) | (5) |
(Investments in) proceeds from sale of debt and equity securities | (38) | 0 | 5 |
Other | 5 | 8 | 5 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (1,603) | (2,006) | (2,103) |
Financing activities: | |||
Proceeds from issuance of debt | 4,000 | 1,250 | 1,951 |
Payment of debt issuance costs | (50) | (5) | (40) |
Repayment of debt and principal payments on finance leases | (2,873) | (634) | (2,091) |
Proceeds from revolving credit facility | 2,384 | 2,350 | 810 |
Repayment of revolving credit facility | (2,709) | (2,025) | (600) |
Payments related to employee stock option plans | (61) | (71) | (59) |
Repurchase of common stock | (992) | (1,168) | (406) |
Payments to Noncontrolling Interests | 0 | 0 | (758) |
Contingent consideration and deferred purchase price payments | (81) | (26) | (42) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (382) | (329) | (1,235) |
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash | (4) | (75) | (52) |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 160 | (150) | (448) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 1,216 | 1,366 | 1,814 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ 1,376 | $ 1,216 | $ 1,366 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions | Total | Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | Non-controlling Interests |
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020 | 254.7 | 63.5 | |||||
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020 | $ 6,280 | $ 3 | $ (6,166) | $ 11,092 | $ 1,277 | $ (205) | $ 279 |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||||||
Issuance of common stock (in shares) | 1.1 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock | (59) | $ 0 | (59) | ||||
Repurchase of common stock (in shares) | (1.7) | ||||||
Repurchase of common stock | (406) | $ (406) | |||||
Stock-based compensation | 157 | 157 | |||||
Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest, net of tax | (710) | 416 | 10 | (284) | |||
Net income | 971 | 966 | 0 | 5 | |||
Unrealized gains on derivative instruments, net of tax | 9 | 9 | |||||
Defined benefit plan adjustments, net of tax | (69) | (69) | |||||
Foreign currency translation, net of tax | (281) | (281) | |||||
Reclassification adjustments, net of tax | (12) | (12) | |||||
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 | 255.8 | 65.2 | |||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021 | 6,042 | $ 3 | $ (6,572) | 10,774 | 2,243 | (406) | 0 |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||||||
Issuance of common stock (in shares) | 0.6 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock | (71) | (71) | |||||
Repurchase of common stock (in shares) | (5.5) | ||||||
Repurchase of common stock | (1,168) | $ (1,168) | |||||
Stock-based compensation | 192 | 192 | |||||
Net income | 1,091 | 1,091 | |||||
Unrealized gains on derivative instruments, net of tax | 40 | 40 | |||||
Defined benefit plan adjustments, net of tax | (10) | (10) | |||||
Foreign currency translation, net of tax | (361) | (361) | |||||
Reclassification adjustments, net of tax | $ 10 | 10 | |||||
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 | 185.7 | 256.4 | 70.7 | ||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022 | $ 5,765 | $ 3 | $ (7,740) | 10,895 | 3,334 | (727) | 0 |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||||||
Issuance of common stock (in shares) | 0.8 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock | (61) | (61) | |||||
Repurchase of common stock (in shares) | (5) | ||||||
Repurchase of common stock | (1,001) | $ (1,001) | |||||
Stock-based compensation | 191 | 191 | |||||
Net income | 1,358 | 1,358 | |||||
Unrealized gains on derivative instruments, net of tax | (7) | (7) | |||||
Defined benefit plan adjustments, net of tax | 7 | 7 | |||||
Foreign currency translation, net of tax | (89) | (89) | |||||
Reclassification adjustments, net of tax | $ (51) | (51) | |||||
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 | 181.5 | 257.2 | (75.7) | ||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023 | $ 6,112 | $ 3 | $ (8,741) | $ 11,025 | $ 4,692 | $ (867) | $ 0 |
Summary of Significant Accounti
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The Company IQVIA Holdings Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company” or “IQVIA”) is a leading global provider of advanced analytics, technology solutions and clinical research services to the life sciences industry. IQVIA creates intelligent connections across all aspects of healthcare through its analytics, transformative technology, big data resources, extensive domain expertise and network of partners. IQVIA Connected Intelligence delivers actionable insights and powerful solutions with speed and agility — enabling customers to accelerate the clinical development and commercialization of innovative medical treatments that improve healthcare outcomes for patients. With approximately 87,000 employees, the Company conducts business in more than 100 countries. IQVIA is a global leader in protecting individual patient privacy. The Company uses a wide variety of privacy-enhancing technologies and safeguards to protect individual privacy while generating and analyzing information on a scale that helps healthcare stakeholders identify disease patterns and correlate with the precise treatment path and therapy needed for better outcomes. IQVIA’s insights and execution capabilities help biotech, medical device and pharmaceutical companies, medical researchers, government agencies, payers and other healthcare stakeholders tap into a deeper understanding of diseases, human behaviors and scientific advances, in an effort to advance their path toward cures. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the Company, its subsidiaries and investments in which the Company has control. Amounts pertaining to the non-controlling ownership interests held by third parties in the operating results and financial position of the Company’s majority-owned subsidiaries are reported as non-controlling interests. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. These estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions believed reasonable under the circumstances. The Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis and makes changes to the estimates and related disclosures as experience develops or new information becomes known. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Foreign Currencies The Company’s consolidated financial statements are reported in United States dollars and, accordingly, the Company’s results of operations are impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates that affect the translation of its revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies into United States dollars for purposes of reporting its consolidated financial results. Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies on the books of foreign subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues, costs and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange during the year. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are charged or credited to the accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (“AOCI”) component of stockholders’ equity. The Company is subject to foreign currency transaction risk for fluctuations in exchange rates during the period of time between the consummation and cash settlement of a transaction. The Company earns revenues from its service contracts over a period of several months and, in some cases, over a period of several years. Accordingly, exchange rate fluctuations during this period may affect the Company’s profitability with respect to such contracts. For operations outside the United States that are considered to be highly inflationary or where the United States dollar is designated as the functional currency, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using end-of-period exchange rates, whereas nonmonetary accounts are remeasured using historical exchange rates, and all remeasurement and transaction adjustments are recognized in other (income) expense, net. Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Derivatives The Company uses derivative instruments to manage exposures to interest rates and foreign currencies. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value at each balance sheet date utilizing pricing models for non-exchange-traded contracts. At inception, the Company designates whether or not the derivative instrument is an effective hedge of an asset, liability or firm commitment which is then classified as either a cash flow hedge or a fair value hedge. If determined to be an effective cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are recorded as a component of AOCI until realized. The Company includes the impact from these hedges in the same line item as the hedged item on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Changes in fair value of effective fair value hedges are recorded in earnings as an offset to the changes in the fair value of the related hedged item. Hedge ineffectiveness, if any, is immediately recognized in earnings. Changes in the fair values of derivative instruments that are not an effective hedge are recognized in earnings. When it is probable that a hedged forecasted transaction will not occur, the Company discontinues hedge accounting for the affected portion of the forecasted transaction and reclassifies gains or losses that were accumulated in AOCI to earnings for foreign exchange derivatives and interest expense for interest rate derivatives on the consolidated statements of income. Cash flows are classified consistent with the underlying hedged item. The Company has entered, and may in the future enter, into derivative contracts (caps, swaps, forwards, calls or puts, warrants, for example) related to its debt and forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for investment or speculative purposes. The Company designates its cross-currency swaps and a portion of its foreign currency denominated debt as a hedge of its net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries to reduce the volatility in stockholders’ equity caused by changes in the Euro exchange rate with respect to the United States dollar. Foreign exchange gains or losses on the remeasurement of the debt designated as part of a hedge of net investments is recognized in the cumulative translation adjustment component of AOCI with the related offset in long-term debt. Those amounts would be reclassified from AOCI to earnings upon the sale or substantial liquidation of the net investments. T he change in fair value of the cross-currency swaps are also recognized in the cumulative translation adjustment component of AOCI and would be reclassified from AOCI to earnings upon the sale or substantial liquidation of the net investments. The interest rate component of the cross-currency swaps is excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and, thus, is recognized as a reduction to interest expense over the life of the cross-currency swaps. Business Combinations and Goodwill The Company uses the acquisition method to account for business combinations, and accordingly, the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree are recorded at their estimated fair values on the date of the acquisition. The Company uses significant judgments, estimates and assumptions in determining the estimated fair value of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and non-controlling interests including expected future cash flows, and discount rates that reflect the risk associated with the expected future cash flows and estimated useful lives. The Company records and allocates to its reporting units the excess of the cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired, known as goodwill. On an annual basis, and if a triggering event occurs, the Company performs a qualitative analysis to determine whether it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. This includes a qualitative analysis of macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, financial performance, fair value history and other company specific events. If this qualitative analysis indicates that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value for the respective reporting unit, the Company would then need to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company may also choose to bypass the qualitative assessment for any or all reporting units and proceed directly to a quantitative assessment, which involves estimating the fair value of the Company's reporting units and comparing to the carrying value of the reporting units. If the reporting unit calculated fair value is less than the carrying amount, the Company would record an impairment charge for the difference, with the impairment charge not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The Company reviews the carrying values of other identifiable definite-lived intangible assets if the facts and circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Long-Lived Assets Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the asset’s estimated useful life or the lease term, if related to leased property, as follows: Buildings and leasehold improvements 3 - 40 years Equipment 3 - 10 years Furniture and fixtures 5 - 10 years Transportation equipment 3 - 20 years Definite-lived other identifiable intangible assets are amortized primarily using an accelerated method that reflects the pattern in which the Company expects to benefit from the use of the asset over its estimated remaining useful life as follows: Client relationships and backlog 1 - 25 years Software and related assets 1 - 10 years Trademarks, trade names and other 1 - 17 years Databases 1 - 9 years Non-compete agreements 2 - 5 years Included in software and related assets is the capitalized cost of internal-use software used in supporting the Company’s business. Qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized over their estimated useful lives. Costs are capitalized from completion of the preliminary project stage and when it is considered probable that the software will be used to perform its intended function, up until the time the software is placed into service. The Company recognized $475 million, $419 million and $211 million of amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to software and related assets. The carrying values of property, equipment and intangible and other long-lived assets are reviewed for recoverability at the asset grouping level to determine if the facts and circumstances suggest that a potential impairment may have occurred. If this review indicates that carrying values will not be recoverable, as determined based on undiscounted cash flow projections, the Company will record an impairment charge to reduce carrying values to estimated fair value. There were no impairments recognized in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Revenue Recognition The Company’s arrangements are primarily service contracts that range in duration from a few months to several years. The Company recognizes revenues when control of these services is transferred to the customer for an amount, referred to as the transaction price, that reflects the consideration to which the Company is expected to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company determines revenue recognition utilizing the following five steps: (1) identification of the contract with a customer, (2) identification of the performance obligations in the contract (promised goods or services that are distinct), (3) determination of the transaction price, (4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognition of revenues when, or as, the Company transfers control of the product or service for each performance obligation. Cash payments made to customers as incentives to induce customers to enter into service agreements with the Company are amortized as a reduction of revenues over the period the services are performed. The Company records revenues net of any tax assessments by governmental authorities, such as value added taxes, that are imposed on and concurrent with specific revenues generating transactions. The Company derives the majority of its revenues in the Technology & Analytics Solutions segment from various information and technology service offerings. Information offerings (primarily under fixed-price contracts) typically include multiple performance obligations including an ongoing subscription-based deliverable for which revenues are recognized ratably as earned over the contract period, and/or a one-time deliverable of data offerings for which revenues are recognized upon delivery. The customer is able to benefit from the provision of data as it is received. The Company’s subscription arrangements typically have terms ranging from one The majority of the Company’s contracts within the Research & Development Solutions segment are service contracts for clinical research that represent a single performance obligation. The Company provides a significant integration service resulting in a combined output, which is clinical trial data that meets the relevant regulatory standards and can be used by the customer to progress to the next phase of a clinical trial or solicit approval of a treatment by the applicable regulatory body. The performance obligation is satisfied over time as the output is captured in data and documentation that is available for the customer to consume over the course of the arrangement and furthers progress of the clinical trial. The Company recognizes revenues over time using a cost-based input method since there is no single output measure that would fairly depict the transfer of control over the life of the performance obligation. Progress on the performance obligation is measured by the proportion of actual costs incurred to the total costs expected to complete the contract. Costs included in the measure of progress include direct labor and third-party costs (such as payments to investigators and other reimbursed expenses for the Company’s clinical monitors). This cost-based method of revenue recognition requires the Company to make estimates of costs to complete its projects on an ongoing basis. Significant judgment is required to evaluate assumptions related to these estimates. The effect of revisions to estimates related to the transaction price or costs to complete a project are recorded in the period in which the estimate is revised. Most contracts may be terminated upon 30 to 90 days' notice by the customer; however, in the event of termination, most contracts require payment for services rendered through the date of termination, as well as for subsequent services rendered to close out the contract. The majority of revenues in the Company's Contract Sales & Medical Solutions segment is from contract salesforce to the biopharmaceutical industry and broader healthcare market and recognized over time using a single measure of progress dependent on the performance obligation. Some of the Company's Contract Sales & Medical Solutions contracts contain multiple performance obligations with distinct promises including recruiting, sales force automation and deployment of sales representatives. The Company utilizes a single measure of progress for each performance obligation to recognize revenues, which includes deployment of sales representatives based on employee days worked; recruiting based on candidates recruited; sales force automation set-up based on hours worked; and sales force automation hosting and maintenance based on usage. These services meet the over time criterion as the customer consumes the benefit as activities are performed and another party would not need to substantially re-perform the work already completed to satisfy the remaining obligations if the services were migrated to another party. Variable Consideration In some cases, contracts provide for variable consideration that is contingent upon the occurrence of uncertain future events, such as performance incentives (including royalty payments, bonuses, or penalty clauses that can either increase or decrease the transaction price). Variable consideration is estimated at the expected value or at the most likely amount depending on the type of consideration. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenues recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The estimate of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the Company's anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company and reevaluated each reporting period. Reimbursed Expenses The Company includes reimbursed expenses in revenues and cost of revenues as the Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified service, including the integration of the related services into a combined output to the customer, which are inseparable from the integrated service. These costs include such items as payments to investigators and travel expenses for the Company’s clinical monitors and sales representatives, over which the Company has discretion in establishing prices. The Company controls the good or service and has inventory risk on contractually reimbursable expenses, as sometimes the Company is unable to obtain reimbursement from the customer for costs incurred. Change Orders Changes in the scope of work are common, especially under long-term contracts, and generally result in a change in transaction price. Change orders are evaluated on a contract-by-contract basis to determine if they should be accounted for as a new contract or as part of the existing contract. Generally, services from change orders are not distinct from the original performance obligation. As a result, the effect that the contract modification has on the contract revenues, and measure of progress, is recognized as an adjustment to revenues when it occurs. Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues include (i) compensation and benefits for billable employees and personnel involved in production, data management and delivery, and the costs of acquiring and processing data for the Company’s information offerings; (ii) costs of staff directly involved with delivering technology-related services offerings and engagements, and the costs of data purchased specifically for technology services engagements; (iii) reimbursed expenses that are comprised principally of payments to investigators who oversee clinical trials and travel expenses for the Company’s clinical monitors and sales representatives; and (iv) other expenses directly related to service contracts such as courier fees, laboratory supplies, professional services and travel expenses. Trade Receivables, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income In general, billings and payments are established by contractual provisions including predetermined payment schedules, which may or may not correspond to the timing of the transfer of control of the Company’s services under the contract. In general, the Company’s intention in its invoicing (payment terms) is to maintain cash neutrality over the life of the contract. Generally, the payment terms are 30 to 90 days based on contracts. Upfront payments, when they occur, are intended to cover certain expenses the Company incurs at the beginning of the contract. Neither the Company nor its customers view such upfront payments and contracted payment schedules as a means of financing. Unbilled services primarily arise from long-term contracts when a cost-based or hours-based input method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenues recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Unearned income consists of advance payments and billings in excess of revenues recognized. As the contracted services are subsequently performed and the associated revenues are recognized, the unearned income balance is reduced by the amount of the revenue recognized during the period. Unearned income is classified as a current liability on our consolidated balance sheets as the Company expects to recognize the associated revenues in less than one year. Restructuring Costs Restructuring costs, which primarily include termination benefits, are recorded at estimated value. Key assumptions in determining the restructuring costs include the terms and payments that may be negotiated to terminate certain contractual obligations and the timing of employees leaving the Company. Debt Fees Fees incurred to issue debt are generally deferred and amortized as a component of interest expense over the estimated term of the related debt using the effective interest rate method. Contingencies The Company records accruals for claims, suits, investigations and proceedings when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews claims, suits, investigations and proceedings at least quarterly and records or adjusts accruals related to such matters to reflect the impact and status of any settlements, rulings, advice of counsel or other information pertinent to a particular matter. Legal costs associated with contingencies are charged to expense as incurred. The Company is party to legal proceedings incidental to its business. While the outcome of these matters could differ from management’s expectations, the Company does not believe the resolution of these matters will have a material adverse effect to the Company’s financial statements. See Note 12 for additional information. Income Taxes The provision for income taxes includes federal, state, local and foreign taxes. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company records U.S. deferred taxes based on the Federal corporate income tax rate of 21%. The Company accounts for tax related to Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) as a period cost when incurred. Recognition of deferred income tax assets is based on management’s belief that it is more likely than not that the income tax benefit associated with certain temporary differences, income tax operating loss, capital loss carryforwards, and income tax credits, will be realized. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred income tax assets for those deferred income tax items for which it was more likely than not that realization would not occur. The Company determines the amount of the valuation allowance based, in part, on the Company’s assessment of future taxable income and in light of the Company’s ongoing income tax strategies. If the estimate of future taxable income or tax strategies changes at any time in the future, the Company would record an adjustment to its valuation allowance. Recording such an adjustment could have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. Income tax expense is based on the distribution of profit before income tax among the various taxing jurisdictions in which the Company operates, adjusted as required by the income tax laws of each taxing jurisdiction. Changes in the distribution of profits and losses among taxing jurisdictions may have a significant impact on the Company's effective income tax rate. The Company does not consider the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits The Company provides retirement benefits to certain employees, including defined benefit pension plans. The determination of benefit obligations and expense is based on actuarial models. In order to measure benefit costs and obligations using these models, assumptions are made with regard to the discount rate, expected return on plan assets, cash balance crediting rate, lump sum conversion rate and the assumed rate of compensation increases. Stock-based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation for stock options and stock appreciation rights under the fair value method and uses the Black-Scholes-Merton model to estimate the value of such stock-based awards granted to its employees and non-executive directors. Expected volatility is based on an analysis that incorporates the historical volatility of the Company's stock since the Merger in October 2016 and reported data for selected reasonably similar publicly traded companies for which the historical information is available. The Company does not currently anticipate paying dividends. The expected term represents the period of time the grants are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The Company values its stock-based compensation for restricted stock awards and restricted stock units based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation for performance awards related to compound annual earnings per share (“EPS”) growth based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, and for performance awards related to relative total shareholder return (“TSR”) based on a Monte Carlo simulation model. Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and reassesses if there are changes in terms and conditions of the contract. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in deposits and other assets, net, other current liabilities, and other liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Lease assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. Lease assets also include any lease payments made before lease commencement and initial direct costs and excludes lease incentives. In determining the lease term at lease commencement, the Company includes the noncancellable term and the periods, which the Company deems it is reasonably certain to exercise or not to exercise a renewal or cancellation option. Operating lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Finance lease expense is recognized as a combination of depreciation expense for the leased asset and interest expense for the outstanding lease liabilities using the discount rate discussed above. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components that the Company has elected to account for as single lease components. Earnings Per Share The calculation of earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares or common stock equivalents outstanding during the applicable period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is excluded from basic earnings per share and is included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. Potentially dilutive securities include outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance awards and other stock-based awards. Diluted shares outstanding are calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options, and the amount of compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized are assumed to be used to repurchase shares. Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates The Company’s investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for under the equity method if the Company exercises significant influence or has an investment in a limited partnership that is considered to be greater than minor. These investments are classified as investments in unconsolidated affiliates on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company records its pro rata share of the earnings, adjusted for accretion of basis difference, of these investments in equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company reviews its investments in unconsolidated affiliates for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Treasury Stock The Company records treasury stock purchases under the cost method. Upon reissuance of treasury stock, amounts in excess of the acquisition cost are credited to additional paid-in capital. If the Company reissues treasury stock at an amount below its acquisition cost and additional paid-in capital associated with prior treasury stock transactions is insufficient to cover the difference between the acquisition cost and the reissue price, this shortfall is recorded in retained earnings. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Accounting pronouncements recently adopted In September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued new accounting guidance, Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2022-04, Liabilities - Supplier Finance Programs , to enhance the transparency of supplier finance programs. The amendments in this ASU address investor and other financial statement user requests for additional information about the use of supplier finance programs by the buyer party to understand the effect of those programs on a Company's working capital, liquidity, and cash flows. The Company adopted this new accounting guidance effective January 1, 2023. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's disclosures within the consolidated financial statements. Accounting pronouncements issued but not adopted as of December 31, 2023 In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures , to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements. The new guidance requires disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. It does not change the definition of a segment or the guidance for determining reportable segments. The new guidance will be effective for the Company in the annual period beginning January 1, 2024 and in 2025 for interim periods. The Company is assessing the impacts of this ASU on its disclosures within the consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this ASU require additional disclosures about income taxes, primarily focused on the disclosure of income taxes paid and the rate reconciliation table. The new guidance will be effective for the Company in the annual period beginning January 1, 2025. The Company |
Revenues by Geography, Concentr
Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | |
Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations | Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations The Company attributes revenues to geographical region based upon where the services are performed. The following tables represent revenues by geographical region and reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: December 31, 2023 (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Total Revenues: Americas $ 3,091 $ 4,157 $ 304 $ 7,552 Europe and Africa 2,156 2,103 200 4,459 Asia-Pacific 615 2,135 223 2,973 Total revenues $ 5,862 $ 8,395 $ 727 $ 14,984 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Total Revenues: Americas $ 2,947 $ 3,747 $ 354 $ 7,048 Europe and Africa 2,175 2,016 175 4,366 Asia-Pacific 624 2,158 214 2,996 Total revenues $ 5,746 $ 7,921 $ 743 $ 14,410 December 31, 2021 (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Total Revenues: Americas $ 2,610 $ 3,887 $ 351 $ 6,848 Europe and Africa 2,282 1,899 176 4,357 Asia-Pacific 642 1,770 257 2,669 Total revenues $ 5,534 $ 7,556 $ 784 $ 13,874 When attributing revenues to individual countries based upon where the services are performed, no individual country, except for the United States, accounted for 10% or more of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2023, revenues in the United States accounted for approximately 45% of total revenues using this revenue attribution approach. For the year ended December 31, 2022, revenues in the United States accounted for approximately 42% of total revenues using this revenue attribution approach. For the year ended December 31, 2021, revenues in the United States and the United Kingdom accounted for approximately 42% and 11% of total revenues, respectively, using this revenue attribution approach. No individual customer represented 10% or more of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations |
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbi
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Receivables [Abstract] | |
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income | Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income Trade accounts receivables and unbilled services consist of the following: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Trade accounts receivable $ 1,473 $ 1,329 Unbilled services 1,942 1,624 Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services 3,415 2,953 Allowance for doubtful accounts (34) (36) Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services, net $ 3,381 $ 2,917 Unbilled services and unearned income were as follows: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Change Unbilled services $ 1,942 $ 1,624 $ 318 Unearned income (1,799) (1,797) (2) Net balance $ 143 $ (173) $ 316 Unbilled services, which is comprised of approximately 68% and 61% of unbilled receivables and 32% and 39% of contract assets as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, increased by $318 million as compared to December 31, 2022. Contract assets are unbilled services for which invoicing is based on the timing of certain milestones related to service contracts for clinical research whereas unbilled receivables are billable upon the passage of time. Unearned income increased by $2 million over the same period resulting in an increase of $316 million in the net balance of unbilled services and unearned income between December 31, 2023 and 2022. The change in the net balance is driven by the difference in timing of revenue recognition in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , primarily related to the Company’s Research & Development Solutions contracts (which is based on the percentage of costs incurred) versus the timing of invoicing, which is based on certain milestones. The majority of the unearned income balance as of the beginning of the year was recognized in revenues during the year ended December 31, 2023. Bad debt expense recognized on the Company’s receivables and unbilled services was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Accounts Receivable Factoring Arrangements |
Investments
Investments | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] | |
Investments | Investments Debt, Equity and Other Securities Current The Company’s short-term investments in debt, equity and other securities consist primarily of trading investments in mutual funds and are measured at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded in other (income) expense, net on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Long-term The Company’s long-term debt and equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method, those that result in consolidation of the investee and certain other investments) are measured at fair value and any changes in fair value are recognized in net income at the end of each reporting period. For debt and equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values and do not qualify for the existing practical expedient in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, to estimate fair value using the net asset value per share of the investment, the Company applies the measurement alternative and measures those investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer at each reporting period. Unconsolidated Affiliates The Company accounts for its investments in unconsolidated affiliates under the equity method of accounting and records its pro rata share of its losses or earnings from these investments in equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates. The following is a summary of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated affiliates: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund V, L.P. (“NQ Fund V”) $ 35 $ 29 NostraData Pty Ltd. (“NostraData”) 18 18 NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund IV, L.P. (“NQ Fund IV”) 6 8 NovaQuest Private Equity Fund I, L.P. (“NQ PE Fund I”) 10 8 Longwood Fund V, L.P. ("Longwood") 7 6 RxWare (formerly "Helparound") 2 2 NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund III, L.P. (“NQ Fund III”) 1 1 Other 55 22 $ 134 $ 94 Variable Interest Entities As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s investments in unconsolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and its estimated maximum exposure to loss were as follows: (in millions) Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum Exposure to Loss NQ Fund V $ 35 $ 44 Longwood 7 10 NQ PE Fund I 10 11 NQ Fund IV 6 7 NQ Fund III 1 6 Other 48 293 $ 107 $ 371 |
Derivatives
Derivatives | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Derivatives | Derivatives Interest Rate Risk Management The Company has entered into interest rate swaps for purposes of managing its exposure to interest rate fluctuations. The Company does not enter into interest rate swaps for investment or speculative purposes. On July 19, 2018, the Company entered into forward starting interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $500 million in an effort to limit its exposure to changes in the variable interest rate on its Senior Secured Credit Facilities (see Note 10 for additional information). Interest on the swaps began accruing on June 28, 2019 and the swaps expire on June 28, 2024. The Company pays an average fixed rate of 2.75% and receives a variable rate of interest equal to the three-month Term SOFR on these swaps. On March 27, 2020, the Company entered into an interest rate swap with a notional value of $1,000 million in an effort to limit its exposure to changes in the variable interest rate on its Senior Secured Credit Facilities ( see Note 10 for additional information ). Interest on the swap began accruing on March 31, 2020 and the swap expired on March 31, 2023. The Company paid a fixed rate of 0.56% and received a variable rate of interest equal to the one-month LIBOR on the swap. On June 4, 2020, the Company entered into an interest rate swap with a notional value of $300 million in an effort to limit its exposure to changes in the variable interest rate on its Senior Secured Credit Facilities (see Note 10 for additional information). Interest on the swap began accruing on June 30, 2020 and the swap expires on June 28, 2024. The Company pays a fixed rate of 0.32% and receives a variable rate of interest equal to the three-month Term SOFR on the swap. On January 3, 2023, the Company entered into interest rate swaps with a combined notional value of $1,000 million in an effort to limit its exposure to changes in the variable interest rate on its Senior Secured Credit Facilities (see Note 10 for additional information). Interest on the swaps began accruing on December 30, 2022 and the swaps expire on December 31, 2025. The Company pays a fixed rate of 4.10% and receives a variable rate of interest equal to one-month Term SOFR on the swaps. On November 17, 2023, the Company entered into interest rate swaps with a combined notional value of $1,500 million in an effort to limit its exposure to changes in the variable interest rate on its Senior Secured Credit Facilities (see Note 10 for additional information). Interest on the swaps began accruing on November 28, 2023 and the swaps expire on January 2, 2031. The Company pays a fixed rate of 6.11% and receives a variable rate of interest equal to three-month Term SOFR plus 2.00% on the swaps. The critical terms of the interest rate swaps noted above are substantially the same as the underlying borrowings. These interest rate swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges as these transactions were executed to hedge the Company's interest payments and for accounting purposes are considered highly effective. As such, changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded as unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives included in AOCI. The fair value of these interest rate swaps represents the present value of the anticipated net payments the Company will make to the counterparty, which, when they occur, are reflected as interest expense on the consolidated statements of income. These interest rate swaps result in a total debt mix of approximately 84% fixed rate debt and 16% variable rate debt. Foreign Exchange Risk Management The Company transacts business in more than 100 countries and is subject to risks associated with fluctuating foreign exchange rates. Accordingly, the Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain forecasted foreign exchange cash flows arising from service contracts (“Service Contract Hedging”). It is the Company’s policy to enter into foreign currency forward contracts only to the extent necessary to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with foreign exchange rate movements. The Company does not enter into foreign currency forward contracts for investment or speculative purposes. The principal currency hedged in 2023 was the British Pound. Service Contract Hedging contracts are designated as cash flow hedges and are carried at fair value, with changes in the fair value recorded to AOCI. The change in fair value is reclassified from AOCI to earnings in the period in which the hedged transaction occurs. These contracts have various expiration dates through September 2024. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had open Service Contract Hedging contracts to hedge certain forecasted foreign currency cash flow transactions occurring in 2024 and 2023 with notional amounts totaling $121 million and $122 million, respectively. For accounting purposes these hedges are considered highly effective. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had recorded gross unrealized gains (losses) of $2 million and $— million, and $2 million and $(2) million, respectively, related to these contracts. Upon expiration of the hedge instruments in 2023, the Company reclassified the unrealized holding gains and losses on the derivative instruments included in AOCI into earnings. The unrealized gains (losses) are included in other current assets and other current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Net Investment Risk Management, Euro Denominated Notes As of December 31, 2023, the portion of the Company's foreign currency denominated debt balance that was designated as a hedge of its net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries totaled approximately €2,449 million ($2,703 million). The amount of foreign exchange (losses) gains related to this net investment hedge included in the cumulative translation adjustment component of AOCI was $(102) million, $332 million, and $475 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Net Investment Risk Management, Cross-Currency Swaps On November 15, 2023, in connection with the issuance of the 2029 Senior Secured Notes ( see Note 10 for additional information) , the Company entered into cross-currency swaps with a combined notional value of $1,250 million to effectively convert $1,250 million of the 2029 Senior Secured Notes into euro-denominated borrowings at prevailing euro interest rates through February 2029. The Company designated these agreements as a hedge of its net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries. These cross-currency swaps expire in February 2029. The Company will receive semiannual interest payments on February 1 and August 1 from the counterparties based on a fixed interest rate until maturity of these agreements. The effective net borrowing rate to the Company is approximately 4.8555%, inclusive of the yield on the notes and the beneficial impact of the cross-currency swaps. On November 17, 2023, in connection with the allocation of the Term B-4 Dollar Loans ( see Note 10 for additional information) , the Company entered into cross-currency swaps with a combined notional value of $1,500 million to effectively convert $1,500 million of the Term B-4 Dollar Loans into euro-denominated borrowings at prevailing euro interest rates through January 2031. These cross-currency swaps expire in January 2031. The Company will receive quarterly interest payments from the counterparties based on a fixed interest rate until maturity of these agreements. The effective net borrowing rate to the Company is approximately 4.9015%, inclusive of the yield on the loans, the beneficial impact of the cross-currency swaps and of the interest rate swaps entered o n November 17, 2023 as noted above. The Company does not enter into cross-currency swaps for investment or speculative purposes. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a loss of $108 million within AOCI as a result of these cross-currency swaps. The Company recognized approximately $3 million related to the excluded component as a reduction of interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2023. The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments, on a gross basis, and the line items on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets to which they were recorded are summarized in the following table: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Balance Sheet Classification Assets Liabilities Notional Assets Liabilities Notional Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Interest rate swaps Other current assets, other assets and other current liabilities $ 13 $ 51 $ 3,300 $ 42 $ — $ 1,800 Cross-currency swaps Other current liabilities — 108 2,750 — — — Foreign exchange forward contracts Other current assets and other current liabilities 2 — 121 2 2 122 Total derivatives $ 15 $ 159 $ 44 $ 2 The pre-tax effect of the Company’s cash flow hedging instruments on other comprehensive income is summarized in the following table: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Interest rate swaps $ (80) $ 62 $ 35 Foreign exchange forward contracts 2 3 (8) Total $ (78) $ 65 $ 27 The Company expects $48 million of pre-tax unrealized gains related to its foreign exchange contracts and interest rate derivatives included in AOCI as of December 31, 2023 to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months. The total amount, net of income taxes, of the cash flow hedge effect on the accompanying consolidated statements of income was $51 million, $(10) million, and $(12) million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. |
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The Company records certain assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value is described below. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows: • Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2—Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. • Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. The carrying values of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximated their fair values as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 due to their short-term nature. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value of total debt was $13,597 million and $12,281 million, respectively, as determined under Level 2 measurements for these financial instruments. Recurring Fair Value Measurements The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023: (in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Marketable securities $ 146 $ — $ — $ 146 Derivatives — 15 — 15 Total $ 146 $ 15 $ — $ 161 Liabilities: Derivatives $ — $ 159 $ — $ 159 Contingent consideration — — 106 106 Total $ — $ 159 $ 106 $ 265 The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022: (in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Marketable securities $ 122 $ — $ — $ 122 Derivatives — 44 — 44 Total $ 122 $ 44 $ — $ 166 Liabilities: Derivatives $ — $ 2 $ — $ 2 Contingent consideration — — 173 173 Total $ — $ 2 $ 173 $ 175 Below is a summary of the valuation techniques used in determining fair value: Marketable securities —The Company values trading and available-for-sale securities using the quoted market value of the securities held. Derivatives —Derivatives consist of foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, and cross-currency swaps. The fair value of foreign exchange contracts is based on observable market inputs of spot and forward rates or using other observable inputs. The fair value of the interest rate swaps is the estimated amount that the Company would receive or pay to terminate such agreements, taking into account market interest rates and the remaining time to maturities or using market inputs with mid-market pricing as a practical expedient for bid-ask spread. The fair value of the cross-currency swaps is the estimated amount that the Company would receive or pay to terminate such agreements, taking into account the effective interest rates, foreign exchange rates and the remaining time to maturities. Contingent consideration —The Company values contingent consideration related to business combinations using a weighted probability calculation of potential payment scenarios discounted at rates reflective of the risks associated with the expected future cash flows. Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration include various financial metrics (revenues performance targets and operating forecasts) and the probability of achieving the specific targets. Based on the assessments of the probability of achieving specific targets, as of December 31, 2023 the Company has accrued approximately 40% of the maximum contingent consideration payments that could potentially become payable. The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis for the year ended December 31: Contingent Consideration (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Balance as of January 1 $ 173 $ 76 $ 119 Business combinations 64 134 39 Contingent consideration paid (73) (22) (39) Revaluations included in earnings and foreign currency translation adjustments (58) (15) (43) Balance as of December 31 $ 106 $ 173 $ 76 The current portion of contingent consideration is included within accrued expenses and the long-term portion is included within other liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Revaluations of contingent consideration are recognized in other (income) expense, net on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. A change in significant unobservable inputs could result in a higher or lower fair value measurement of contingent consideration. Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements Certain assets are carried on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at cost and are not remeasured to fair value on a recurring basis. As of December 31, 2023, assets carried on the balance sheet and not remeasured to fair value on a recurring basis totaled $19,619 million and were identified as Level 3. These assets are comprised of debt investments and cost and equity method investments of $213 million, goodwill of $14,567 million and other identifiable intangibles, net of $4,839 million. Cost and Equity Method Investments and Debt Investments —The inputs available for valuing investments in non-public portfolio companies are generally not easily observable. The valuation of non-public investments requires judgment by the Company due to the absence of quoted market values, inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such assets. When a triggering event occurs, the Company considers a wide range of available market data when assessing the estimated fair value. Such market data includes observations of the trading multiples of public companies considered comparable to the private companies being valued as well as publicly disclosed merger transactions involving comparable private companies. In addition, valuations are adjusted to account for company-specific issues, the lack of liquidity inherent in a non-public investment, and the fact that comparable public companies are not identical to the companies being valued. Such valuation adjustments are necessary because in the absence of a committed buyer and completion of due diligence similar to that performed in an actual negotiated sale process, there may be company-specific issues that are not fully known that may affect value. Further, a variety of additional factors are reviewed by the Company, including, but not limited to, financing and sales transactions with third parties, current operating performance and future expectations of the particular investment, changes in market outlook, and the third-party financing environment. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuations, estimated valuations may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed, and the differences could be material. Goodwill —Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible net assets resulting from business combinations. The recoverability of goodwill is evaluated annually for impairment, or if and when events or circumstances indicate a possible impairment. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company elected to perform a quantitative impairment assessment for each of the Company's reporting units. As part of the quantitative impairment assessment, the Company compared the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. The quantitative test requires significant judgments, estimates, and assumptions. The Company estimated the fair value of each reporting by weighting results of the income and market approaches, with greater weight given to the income approach. Significant estimates used in the income approach include estimates of future revenues, EBITDA, cash flows, long-term growth rates, tax rates, and discount rates. The selected discount rates consider the risk and nature of the respective reporting unit’s cash flows, and the rates of return a market participant would expect to earn by investing in the Company's reporting units. The market approach uses information about the Company as well as other publicly traded guideline companies, including revenue and EBITDA-related multiples and estimates of control premiums. See Note 8 for additional information. Other Identifiable Intangibles, Net —If a triggering event occurs, the Company determines the estimated fair value of definite-lived intangible assets by determining the present value of the expected cash flows. See Note 8 for additional information. |
Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment The major classes of property and equipment were as follows: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Land, buildings and leasehold improvements $ 376 $ 363 Equipment 803 852 Transportation equipment 81 83 Furniture and fixtures 66 74 Property and equipment, gross 1,326 1,372 Less accumulated depreciation (803) (840) Property and equipment, net $ 523 $ 532 Property and equipment depreciation expense was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Depreciation expense $ 151 $ 160 $ 147 |
Goodwill and Identifiable Intan
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets As of December 31, 2023, the Company has approximately $4,839 million of other identifiable intangible assets. Amortization expense associated with other identifiable definite-lived intangible assets was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Amortization expense $ 974 $ 970 $ 1,117 Estimated amortization expense for existing other identifiable intangible assets is expected to be approximately $911 million, $803 million, $665 million, $519 million and $201 million for the years ending December 31, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027 and 2028, respectively. Estimated amortization expense can be affected by various factors such as future acquisitions, divestitures, abandonments or impairments. The following is a summary of other identifiable intangible assets: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: Client relationships and backlog $ 5,688 $ (2,724) $ 2,964 $ 5,339 $ (2,332) $ 3,007 Software and related assets 3,629 (2,005) 1,624 3,106 (1,591) 1,515 Trademarks, trade names and other 548 (320) 228 545 (278) 267 Databases 1,837 (1,819) 18 1,817 (1,794) 23 Non-compete agreements 16 (11) 5 23 (15) 8 $ 11,718 $ (6,879) $ 4,839 $ 10,830 $ (6,010) $ 4,820 The following is a summary of goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Consolidated Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 11,337 $ 1,802 $ 162 $ 13,301 Business combinations 554 472 — 1,026 Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other (371) (27) (8) (406) Balance as of December 31, 2022 11,520 2,247 154 13,921 Business combinations 352 181 — 533 Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other 104 11 (2) 113 Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 11,976 $ 2,439 $ 152 $ 14,567 There were no goodwill impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. |
Accrued Expenses
Accrued Expenses | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Payables and Accruals [Abstract] | |
Accrued Expenses | Accrued Expenses Accrued expenses consist of the following: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Client contract related $ 1,315 $ 1,065 Compensation, including bonuses, fringe benefits and payroll taxes 968 980 Professional fees 112 99 Contingent consideration and deferred purchase price 27 90 Interest 66 43 Restructuring 36 26 Other 331 368 $ 2,855 $ 2,671 |
Credit Arrangements
Credit Arrangements | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Credit Arrangements | Credit Arrangements The following is a summary of the Company’s revolving credit facilities as of December 31, 2023: Facility Interest Rates $2,000 million (revolving credit facility) U.S. Dollar Term SOFR plus a margin of 1.25% plus a 10 basis credit spread adjustment as of December 31, 2023 $110 million (receivables financing facility) U.S. Dollar Term SOFR plus a margin of 0.90% plus a 11 basis credit spread adjustment as of December 31, 2023 The following table summarizes the Company’s debt at the dates indicated: December 31, (dollars in millions) 2023 2022 Revolving Credit Facility due 2026: U.S. Dollar denominated borrowings—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.71% $ 100 $ 425 Senior Secured Credit Facilities: Term A Loan due 2026—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.71% 1,270 1,343 Term A Loan due 2026—Euribor at average floating rates of 5.18% 306 314 Term A Loan due 2027—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.74% 1,156 1,219 Term B Loan due 2024—Euribor at average floating rates of —% — 1,172 Term B Loan due 2025—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of —% — 670 Term B Loan due 2025—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of —% — 860 Term B Loan due 2025—Euribor at average floating rates of 5.93% 576 559 Term B Loan due 2031—U.S Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 7.35% 1,500 — 5.700% Senior Secured Notes due 2028—U.S. Dollar denominated 750 — 6.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2029—U.S. Dollar denominated 1,250 — 5.0% Senior Notes due 2027—U.S. Dollar denominated 1,100 1,100 5.0% Senior Notes due 2026—U.S. Dollar denominated 1,050 1,050 6.500% Senior Notes due 2030—U.S. Dollar denominated 500 — 2.875% Senior Notes due 2025—Euro denominated 464 450 2.25% Senior Notes due 2028—Euro denominated 795 771 2.875% Senior Notes due 2028—Euro denominated 785 761 1.750% Senior Notes due 2026—Euro denominated 607 589 2.250% Senior Notes due 2029—Euro denominated 993 964 Receivables financing facility due 2024—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.36% Revolving Loan Commitment 110 110 Term Loan 440 440 Principal amount of debt 13,752 12,797 Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs (79) (50) Less: current portion (718) (152) Long-term debt $ 12,955 $ 12,595 Contractual maturities of long-term debt as of December 31, 2023 are as follows: (in millions) 2024 $ 718 2025 1,207 2026 3,231 2027 2,084 2028 2,345 Thereafter 4,167 $ 13,752 Senior Secured Credit Facilities 2023 Financing Transactions On November 28, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to its Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), among IQVIA Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, the Company, IQVIA RDS Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent and as collateral agent, and the Lenders (as defined therein) party thereto. Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company borrowed $1,500 million in incremental Term B-4 Dollar Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) due January 2, 2031. The net proceeds from the Term B-4 Dollar Loans were used to repay certain of the outstanding term loans due in 2024 and in 2025 under the Company’s senior secured credit facilities, and to pay fees and expenses related to the Amendment and the offering of 2029 Senior Secured Notes (as defined below). In connection with this Amendment, the Company recognized a $6 million loss on extinguishment of debt, which includes fees and expenses. On April 17, 2023, the Company increased the capacity of the senior secured revolving credit facility by $500 million U.S. dollars, bringing the total capacity of the revolving credit facility to $2,000 million. At the same time, the Company also amended the benchmark rate of the U.S dollar revolving credit facility and the U.S dollar Term A Loans from U.S dollar LIBOR to U.S. dollar Secured Overnight Financing Rate term rates ("Term SOFR"), plus a 10 basis point Credit Spread Adjustment. As of December 31, 2023, the Credit Agreement provided financing through several senior secured credit facilities of up to $6,808 million, which consisted of $4,908 million principal amounts of debt outstanding (as detailed in the table above), and $1,900 million of available borrowing capacity on the $2,000 million revolving credit facility and standby letters of credit. The revolving credit facility is comprised of a $1,175 million senior secured revolving facility available in U.S. dollars, a $600 million senior secured revolving facility available in U.S. dollars, Euros, Swiss Francs and other foreign currencies, and a $225 million senior secured revolving facility available in U.S. dollars and Yen. 2022 Financing Transactions On June 16, 2022, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement to borrow $1,250 million in additional U.S. Dollar denominated term A loans due 2027 (the “Additional Term A Loans”). The Additional Term A Loans bear interest based at Term SOFR, plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% plus a margin ranging from 1.125% to 2.00%, with a Term SOFR floor of 0.00% per annum. The proceeds from the Additional Term A Loans were used to repay approximately $950 million of outstanding revolving credit loans under the Credit Agreement and for general corporate purposes. On October 13, 2022, the Company elected to prepay $510 million, the entire outstanding balance, of its U.S. Dollar Term B Loan due 2024. Senior Secured Notes 2023 Financing Transactions On November 28, 2023, IQVIA Inc. (the “Issuer”), completed the issuance and sale of $1,250 million in gross proceeds of 6.250% senior secured notes due 2029 (the “2029 Senior Secured Notes”). The 2029 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated November 28, 2023, among the Issuer, U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee of the 2029 Senior Secured Notes and as collateral agent, and the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Issuer as guarantors. The net proceeds from the 2029 Senior Secured Notes offering were used to repay certain of the outstanding term loans under the Company’s senior secured credit facilities due in 2024 and in 2025, and to pay fees and expenses related to the 2029 Senior Secured Notes offering and the Amendment. The 2029 Senior Secured Notes are secured obligations of the Company, will mature on February 1, 2029, unless earlier repurchased or redeemed in accordance with their terms, and bear interest at the rate of 6.250% per year, with interest payable semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on February 1, 2024. The Company may redeem the 2029 Senior Secured Notes prior to January 1, 2029 subject to a customary make-whole premium, and thereafter subject to a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest. On May 23, 2023, IQVIA Inc. (the “Issuer”) completed the issuance and sale of $750 million in gross proceeds of 5.700% senior secured notes due 2028 (the “2028 Senior Secured Notes”). The 2028 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated May 23, 2023, among the Issuer, U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee of the 2028 Senior Secured Notes and as collateral agent, and the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Issuer as guarantors. The net proceeds from the 2028 Senior Secured Notes offering were used to repay existing borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility and to pay fees and expenses related to the 2028 Senior Secured Notes offering and offering of 2030 Senior Notes (as defined below). The 2028 Senior Secured Notes are secured obligations of the Company, will mature on May 15, 2028, unless earlier repurchased or redeemed in accordance with their terms, and bear interest at the rate of 5.700% per year, with interest payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2023. The Company may redeem the 2028 Senior Secured Notes prior to April 15, 2028 subject to a customary make-whole premium, and thereafter subject to a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest. Each of the Company's current direct and indirect material U.S. wholly owned restricted subsidiaries (excluding IQVIA Solutions Japan LLC and IQVIA Services Japan LLC) and IQVIA Holdings Inc., have jointly and severally, irrevocably and unconditionally, on a senior secured basis, guaranteed the obligations under the 2028 Senior Secured Notes and the 2029 Senior Secured Notes. The 2028 Senior Secured Notes and 2029 Senior Secured Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or the securities laws of any other jurisdiction. In January 2024, the Company filed a registration statement with respect to an offer (the “Exchange Offer”) to exchange the 2028 Senior Secured Notes for an equal amount of $750 million aggregate principal amount of 5.700% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 registered under the Securities Act (the “2028 Registered Notes”) and the 2029 Senior Secured Notes for an equal amount of $1,250 million aggregate principal amount of 6.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 registered under the Securities Act (the “2029 Registered Notes”). The Exchange Offer commenced on January 26, 2024 and will expire on February 23, 2024, unless the Company extends the offer. The terms of the 2028 Registered Notes and the 2029 Registered Notes to be issued in the Exchange Offer are substantially identical in all material respects to the terms of the 2028 Senior Secured Notes and 2029 Senior Secured Notes, respectively, except that the registered notes will not be subject to restrictions on transfer or to any increase in the annual interest rate for failure to comply with the applicable registration rights agreement. 2022 Financing Transactions None Senior Notes 2023 Financing Transactions On May 23, 2023, IQVIA Inc. (the “Issuer”) completed the issuance and sale of $500 million in gross proceeds of 6.500% senior notes due 2030 (the “2030 Senior Notes”). The 2030 Senior Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated May 23, 2023, among the Issuer, U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee of the 2030 Senior Notes, and certain subsidiaries of the Issuer as guarantors. The net proceeds from the 2030 Senior Notes offering were used to repay existing borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility, and to pay fees and expenses related to the 2030 Senior Notes offering and 2028 Senior Secured Notes offering. The 2030 Senior Notes are unsecured obligations of the Company, will mature on May 15, 2030, unless earlier repurchased or redeemed in accordance with their terms, and bear interest at the rate of 6.500% per year, with interest payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2023. The Company may redeem the 2030 Senior Notes prior to their final stated maturity, subject to a customary make-whole premium, at any time prior to May 15, 2026 (subject to a customary “equity claw” redemption right) and thereafter subject to a redemption premium declining from 3.250% to 0.000%. 2022 Financing Transactions None Receivables Financing Facility Under the receivables financing facility, certain of the Company's accounts receivable are sold on a non-recourse basis by certain of the Company's consolidated subsidiaries (each, an “Originator”) to another of the Company's consolidated subsidiaries, a bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (the “SPE”). The SPE obtained a term loan and revolving loan commitment from a third-party lender, secured by liens on the assets of the SPE, to finance the purchase of the accounts receivable, which includes a $440 million term loan and a $110 million revolving loan commitment. As of December 31, 2023, no additional amounts of revolving loans were available under the receivables financing facility. The Company has guaranteed the performance of the obligations of existing and future subsidiaries that sell and service the accounts receivable under the receivables financing facility. The assets of the SPE are not available to satisfy any of the Company’s obligations or any obligations of its subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $1,566 million of the Company's trade accounts receivable and unbilled services were pledged as collateral to secure the facility. Restrictive Covenants The Company’s debt agreements provide for certain covenants and events of default customary for similar instruments, including a covenant not to exceed a specified ratio of consolidated senior secured net indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the senior secured credit facility agreement and a covenant to maintain a specified minimum interest coverage ratio. If an event of default occurs under any of the Company’s or the Company’s subsidiaries’ financing arrangements, the creditors under such financing arrangements will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under such arrangements, and in the case of the lenders under the revolving credit facility and term loans, other actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor. The Company’s long-term debt arrangements contain usual and customary restrictive covenants that, among other things, place limitations on the Company’s ability to declare dividends. As of December 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance in all material respects with the financial covenants under the Company’s financing arrangements. |
Leases
Leases | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Leases [Abstract] | |
Leases | Leases The Company has operating leases for corporate offices, data centers, motor vehicles and certain equipment, many of which contain renewal and escalation clauses. These operating leases expire at various dates through 2037 with options to cancel certain leases at various intervals. The Company also has finance leases for offices and lab spaces that expire at various dates through 2048. The components of lease expense were as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Classification 2023 2022 2021 Operating lease cost (1) Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 160 $ 171 $ 184 Finance lease cost (1) Depreciation and amortization, and Interest expense 18 12 10 Total lease cost $ 178 $ 183 $ 194 (1) Includes variable lease costs, which are immaterial. Other information related to leases was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Supplemental Cash Flow: Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 175 $ 173 $ 175 Operating cash flows for finance leases $ 8 $ 5 $ — Financing cash flows for finance leases $ 3 $ 4 $ — Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases $ 59 $ 79 $ 81 Finance leases $ — $ 54 $ 44 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term: Operating leases 4.61 years 4.72 years 4.53 years Finance leases 20.67 years 21.64 years 21.28 years Weighted Average Discount Rate: Operating leases 3.81 % 3.12 % 3.36 % Finance leases 3.88 % 3.87 % 2.70 % Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: (in millions) Operating Leases Finance Leases 2024 $ 117 $ 13 2025 96 13 2026 55 13 2027 36 14 2028 24 14 Thereafter 31 283 Total future minimum lease payments 359 350 Less imputed interest (29) (122) Total $ 330 $ 228 Reported as of December 31, 2023: Other current liabilities $ 107 $ — Operating lease liabilities 223 — Other liabilities — 228 Total $ 330 $ 228 |
Leases | Leases The Company has operating leases for corporate offices, data centers, motor vehicles and certain equipment, many of which contain renewal and escalation clauses. These operating leases expire at various dates through 2037 with options to cancel certain leases at various intervals. The Company also has finance leases for offices and lab spaces that expire at various dates through 2048. The components of lease expense were as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Classification 2023 2022 2021 Operating lease cost (1) Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 160 $ 171 $ 184 Finance lease cost (1) Depreciation and amortization, and Interest expense 18 12 10 Total lease cost $ 178 $ 183 $ 194 (1) Includes variable lease costs, which are immaterial. Other information related to leases was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Supplemental Cash Flow: Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 175 $ 173 $ 175 Operating cash flows for finance leases $ 8 $ 5 $ — Financing cash flows for finance leases $ 3 $ 4 $ — Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases $ 59 $ 79 $ 81 Finance leases $ — $ 54 $ 44 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term: Operating leases 4.61 years 4.72 years 4.53 years Finance leases 20.67 years 21.64 years 21.28 years Weighted Average Discount Rate: Operating leases 3.81 % 3.12 % 3.36 % Finance leases 3.88 % 3.87 % 2.70 % Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: (in millions) Operating Leases Finance Leases 2024 $ 117 $ 13 2025 96 13 2026 55 13 2027 36 14 2028 24 14 Thereafter 31 283 Total future minimum lease payments 359 350 Less imputed interest (29) (122) Total $ 330 $ 228 Reported as of December 31, 2023: Other current liabilities $ 107 $ — Operating lease liabilities 223 — Other liabilities — 228 Total $ 330 $ 228 |
Contingencies
Contingencies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Contingencies | Contingencies The Company and its subsidiaries are involved in legal and tax proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Management periodically assesses the Company’s liabilities and contingencies in connection with these matters based upon the latest information available. For those matters where management currently believes it is probable that the Company will incur a loss and that the probable loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company has recorded an accrual in the consolidated financial statements based on its best estimates of such loss. In other instances, because of the uncertainties related to either the probable outcome or the amount or range of loss, management is unable to make a reasonable estimate of a liability, if any. However, even in many instances where the Company has recorded an estimated liability, the Company is unable to predict with certainty the final outcome of the matter or whether resolution of the matter will materially affect the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. As additional information becomes available, the Company adjusts its assessments and estimates of such liabilities accordingly. The Company routinely enters into agreements with third parties, including its clients and suppliers, all in the normal course of business. In these agreements, the Company sometimes agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the other party for any damages such other party may suffer as a result of potential intellectual property infringement and other claims. The Company has not accrued a liability with respect to these matters generally, as the exposure is considered remote. Based on its review of the latest information available, management does not expect the impact of pending legal and tax proceedings, claims and litigation, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial position. However, one or more unfavorable outcomes in any claim or litigation against the Company could have a material adverse effect for the period in which it is resolved. The following is a summary of certain legal matters involving the Company. On February 13, 2014, a group of approximately 1,200 medical doctors and 900 private individuals filed a civil lawsuit with the Seoul Central District Court against IMS Korea and two other defendants, the Korean Pharmaceutical Association (“KPA”) and the Korean Pharmaceutical Information Center (“KPIC”). The civil lawsuit alleges KPA and KPIC collected their personal information in violation of applicable privacy laws without the necessary consent through a software system installed on pharmacy computer systems in Korea, and that personal information was transferred to IMS Korea and sold to pharmaceutical companies. On September 11, 2017, the District Court issued a final decision that the encryption in use by the defendants since June 2014 was adequate to meet the requirements of the Korean Personal Information Privacy Act (“PIPA”) and the sharing of non-identified information for market research purposes was allowed under PIPA. The District Court also found an earlier version of encryption was insufficient to meet PIPA requirements, but no personal data had been leaked or re-identified. The District Court did not award any damages to plaintiffs. Approximately 280 medical doctors and 200 private individuals appealed the District Court decision. On May 3, 2019, the Appellate Court issued a final decision in which it concluded all of the non-identified information transferred by KPIC to IMS Korea for market research purposes violated PIPA, but did not award any damages to plaintiffs (affirming the District Court’s decision on this latter point). On May 24, 2019, approximately 247 plaintiffs appealed the Appellate Court’s decision to the Supreme Court. The Company believes the appeal is without merit and is vigorously defending its position. On July 23, 2015, indictments were issued by the Seoul Central District Prosecutors’ Office in South Korea against 24 individuals and companies alleging improper handling of sensitive health information in violation of, among others, South Korea’s Personal Information Protection Act. IMS Korea and two of its employees were among the individuals and organizations indicted. Although there is no assertion that IMS Korea used patient identified health information in any of its offerings, prosecutors allege that certain of IMS Korea’s data suppliers should have obtained patient consent when they converted sensitive patient information into non-identified data and that IMS Korea had not taken adequate precautions to reduce the risk of re-identification. On February 14, 2020, the Seoul Central District Court acquitted IMS Korea and its two employees of the charges of improper handling of sensitive health information, and the Prosecutor's Office appealed. On December 23, 2021, the appellate court affirmed the judgment of the Seoul Central District Court. The Prosecutor's Office has appealed to the Supreme Court. The Company intends to vigorously defend its position on appeal. On January 10, 2017, Quintiles IMS Health Incorporated and IMS Software Services Ltd. (collectively “IQVIA Parties”), filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey against Veeva Systems, Inc. (“Veeva”) alleging Veeva unlawfully used IQVIA Parties intellectual property to improve Veeva data offerings, to promote and market Veeva data offerings and to improve Veeva technology offerings. IQVIA Parties seek injunctive relief, appointment of a monitor, the award of compensatory and punitive damages and reimbursement of all litigation expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. On March 13, 2017, Veeva filed counterclaims alleging anticompetitive business practices in violation of the Sherman Act and state laws. Veeva claims damages in excess of $200 million, and is seeking punitive damages and litigation costs, including attorneys’ fees. The Company believes the counterclaims are without merit, rejects all counterclaims raised by Veeva and intends to vigorously defend IQVIA Parties’ position and pursue its claims against Veeva. Since the initial filings, the parties have filed additional litigations against each other, primarily concerning the use of IQVIA data with various other Veeva products. Trial has been scheduled for early 2025. On May 7, 2021, the Court issued an order and opinion (the “Order”) in which it found significant evidence that Veeva had (1) misappropriated IQVIA data and unlawfully used it to improve Veeva data offerings, (2) engaged in a cover-up by deleting significant evidence of its theft of IQVIA’s trade secrets, and (3) improperly withheld certain evidence in furtherance of a crime and/or fraud against IQVIA. The Court imposed five sanctions against Veeva, including ordering three separate adverse inference instructions be issued to the jury and that IQVIA be permitted to present evidence to the jury of Veeva’s destruction efforts. Veeva is currently appealing the Order. |
Stockholders' Equity
Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |
Stockholders' Equity | Stockholders’ Equity Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 1.0 million shares of preferred stock, $0.01 per share par value. No shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 or 2022. Equity Repurchase Program On October 30, 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) first approved the Company's equity repurchase program (the “Repurchase Program”) , authorizing the repurchase of up to $125 million of the Company’s common stock. The Board increased the stock repurchase authorization under the Repurchase Program with respect to the repurchase of the Company's common stock by $600 million, $1.5 billion, $2.0 billion, $1.5 billion, $2.0 billion, and $2.0 billion in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2022, respectively. On July 31, 2023, the Board increased the stock repurchase authorization under the Repurchase Program with respect to the repurchase of the Company's common stock by an additional $2,000 million, which increased the total amount that has been authorized under the Repurchase Program to $11,725 million. The Repurchase Program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any particular amount of common stock, and it may be modified, extended, suspended or discontinued at any time. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had remaining authorization to repurchase up to $2,363 million of its common stock under the Repurchase Program. In addition, from time to time, the Company has repurchased and may continue to repurchase common stock through private or other transactions outside of the Repurchase Program. There were no equity offerings during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Summary Below is a summary of the share repurchases made under the Repurchase Program: Year Ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data) 2023 2022 2021 Number of shares of common stock repurchased 5.0 5.5 1.7 Aggregate purchase price $ 992 $ 1,168 $ 395 Average price per share $ 196.89 $ 213.06 $ 238.22 Non-controlling Interests On April 1, 2021, the Company acquired the 40% non-controlling interest in Q 2 Solutions, a fully consolidated subsidiary, from Quest Diagnostics Incorporated ("Quest") for approximately $758 million, financed with cash on hand. The transaction resulted in the Company having 100% ownership in Q 2 Solutions. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no other material non-controlling interests. |
Business Combinations
Business Combinations | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract] | |
Business Combinations | Business Combinations The Company completed several individually immaterial acquisitions during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company’s assessment of fair value, including the valuation of certain acquired intangibles and the purchase price allocation related to the acquisitions that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2023 is preliminary and subject to change upon completion. Further adjustments, largely related to acquired intangible assets and related deferred taxes, may be necessary as additional information related to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is assessed during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The Company recorded goodwill from these acquisitions, primarily attributable to assembled workforce, expected synergies and new client relationships. The consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquisitions subsequent to their respective closing dates. Pro forma information is not presented as pro forma results of operations would not be materially different to the actual results of operations of the Company. The following table provides certain preliminary financial information for these acquisitions: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Assets acquired: Cash and cash equivalents $ 28 $ 33 Accounts receivable 44 — Other assets 9 115 Goodwill 533 1,026 Other identifiable intangibles 425 509 Liabilities assumed: Other liabilities (44) (103) Deferred income taxes, long-term (18) (93) Net assets acquired (1) $ 977 $ 1,487 (1) Net assets acquired include contingent consideration and deferred purchase price of $73 million and $139 million, respectively. The portion of goodwill deductible for income tax purposes was preliminarily assessed as $379 million and $275 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following table provides a summary of the preliminary estimated fair value of certain intangible assets acquired: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Amortization Period 2023 2022 Other identifiable intangibles: Client relationships 1 - 17 years $ 324 $ 382 Software and related assets 3 - 8 years 44 79 Backlog 1 - 4 years 51 24 Databases 3 - 7 years 4 11 Trade names 2 - 5 years 2 7 Non-compete agreements 3 - 5 years — 6 Total Other identifiable intangibles $ 425 $ 509 |
Restructuring
Restructuring | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | |
Restructuring | Restructuring The Company has continued to take restructuring actions in the year ended December 31, 2023 to align its resources and reduce overcapacity to adapt to changing market conditions and integrate acquisitions. These actions include consolidating functional activities, eliminating redundant positions, and aligning resources with customer requirements. These restructuring actions are expected to continue into 2024. The management approved plans resulted in approximately $84 million, $28 million and $20 million of restructuring expense, net of reversals, which consisted primarily of severance and other exit-related costs in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The following amounts were recorded for the restructuring plans: (in millions) Severance and Related Costs Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 30 Expense, net of reversals 28 Payments (31) Foreign currency translation and other (1) Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ 26 Expense, net of reversals 84 Payments (74) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 36 The reversals were due to changes in estimates primarily resulting from the redeployment of staff and higher than expected voluntary terminations. Restructuring costs are not allocated to the Company’s reportable segments as they are not part of the segment performance measures regularly reviewed by management. The Company expects the majority of the restructuring accruals as of December 31, 2023 will be paid in 2024. |
Income Taxes
Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes The components of income before income taxes and equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates are as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Domestic $ 108 $ (45) $ (73) Foreign 1,351 1,408 1,201 $ 1,459 $ 1,363 $ 1,128 The components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations are as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Current expense: Federal and state $ 21 $ 24 $ 16 Foreign 349 358 293 370 382 309 Deferred (benefit) expense: Federal and state (236) (94) (106) Foreign (33) (28) (40) (269) (122) (146) $ 101 $ 260 $ 163 The differences between the Company’s consolidated income tax expense attributable to continuing operations and the expense computed at the United States statutory income tax rate of 21% were as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Federal income tax expense at statutory rate $ 306 $ 286 $ 237 State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 16 (15) 2 Research and development (25) (19) (14) United States taxes recorded on foreign earnings(*) (41) (4) (29) Tax contingencies 17 14 3 Foreign Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”) (53) (41) (34) Foreign rate differential 45 38 17 Equity compensation — 2 (23) Valuation Allowance Release (102) — — Basis Difference Reversal (61) — — Other (1) (1) 4 $ 101 $ 260 $ 163 (*) Includes impact of GILTI, and other U.S. taxes on foreign earnings. In the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company completed an internal legal entity restructuring that resulted in a benefit of $125 million. Historically, the Company recorded deferred tax assets related to certain foreign tax credits, and a full valuation allowance in relation to these foreign tax credits was established as it was not expected the credits would be utilized prior to expiration. The Company now believes it is reasonably possible that these foreign tax credits will be utilized and therefore recorded a tax benefit of $64 million related to the valuation allowance release and establishing related uncertain tax positions. Additionally, due to the restructuring the Company also reversed a deferred tax liability of $61 million due to a basis difference that was recovered in a tax-free manner. The effective tax rate was also favorably impacted by a reversal of uncertain tax positions relating to tax credit carryforwards in the amount of $21 million due to an audit settlement. Lastly, the effective tax rate was also impacted by changes in the geographical mix of earnings amongst foreign tax jurisdictions as well as state and local tax rates. In the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a benefit of $6 million related to a 2021 U.S. Federal tax return position associated with FDII and GILTI tax credits. In addition, the effective tax rate was impacted by changes in the geographical mix of earnings amongst foreign tax jurisdictions as well as state and local tax rates. On August 16, 2022, the U.S. government enacted the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which, among other things, implements a 15% minimum tax on book income of certain large corporations, a 1% excise tax on net stock repurchases and several tax incentives to promote clean energy. Many of the provisions took effect beginning in 2023. The Company assessed the impacts and determined it was not subject to the minimum tax and there were no other material income tax impacts during 2023. The Company will continue to monitor future impacts to its consolidated financial statements. On December 12, 2022 the European Union member states agreed to implement the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (“OECD”) Pillar 2 global corporate minimum tax rate of 15% on companies with revenues of at least $790 million, which would go into effect in 2024. The Company is assessing the impact of this proposal as countries are actively considering changes to their tax laws to adopt certain parts of the OECD’s proposal. In the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a benefit of $29 million related to a 2020 U.S. Federal tax return position associated with FDII and GILTI tax credits. Also in 2021, the Company recorded a $9 million tax expense as a result of the U.S. Treasury Department issuing final regulations on foreign tax credits. Undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries amounted to approximately $3,575 million as of December 31, 2023. The Company does not consider any of its foreign earnings as indefinitely reinvested. The income tax effects of temporary differences from continuing operations that give rise to significant portions of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) are presented below: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Deferred income tax assets: Net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards $ 132 $ 145 Tax credit carryforwards 254 295 Accrued expenses and unearned income 103 90 Employee benefits 202 202 Lease liability 65 73 U.S. interest expense limitation 59 30 Other 81 52 Total deferred income tax assets 896 887 Valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets (166) (257) Total deferred income tax assets (net of valuation allowance) 730 630 Deferred income tax liabilities: Amortization and depreciation (590) (727) Lease right-of-use assets (56) (61) Foreign exchange on debt instruments (48) (125) Other (72) (63) Total deferred income tax liabilities (766) (976) Net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) $ (36) $ (346) During the year ended December 31, 2023, the net deferred tax liabilities decreased due to foreign exchange revaluations of debt instruments, reversal of a previously established valuation allowance for Foreign Tax Credits, and amortization of intangibles related to the merger between Quintiles and IMS Health. The Company had federal, state and local, and foreign tax loss carryforwards and tax credits, the tax effect of which was $462 million as of December 31, 2023. Of this amount, $8 million has an indefinite carryforward period, and the remaining $454 million expires at various times beginning in 2024. Some of the federal losses are subject to limitations under the Internal Revenue Code, however, management expects these losses to be utilized during the carryforward periods. In the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company decreased its valuation allowance by $91 million to $166 million as of December 31, 2023 from $257 million as of December 31, 2022. The valuation allowance decreased primarily due to the release of the valuation allowance on branch basket foreign tax credits as the Company has determined they are more likely than not to be used prior to expiration. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized income tax benefits is presented below: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Balance as of January 1 $ 122 $ 116 $ 118 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 53 13 7 Additions for income tax positions of prior years 8 20 16 Impact of changes in exchange rates 1 (2) (3) Settlements with tax authorities (6) (4) (2) Reductions for income tax positions of prior years (25) (11) (11) Reductions due to the lapse of the applicable statute of limitations (13) (10) (9) Balance as of December 31 $ 140 $ 122 $ 116 As of December 31, 2023, the Company had total gross unrecognized income tax benefits of $131 million associated with over 100 jurisdictions in which the Company conducts business that, if recognized, would reduce the Company’s effective income tax rate. The Company’s policy for recording interest and penalties relating to uncertain income tax positions is to record them as a component of income tax expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. In the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the amount of interest and penalties recorded as an addition to income tax expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income was $— million, $2 million and $— million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Company had accrued approximately $20 million and $21 million, respectively, of interest and penalties. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that a decrease of up to $16 million in gross unrecognized income tax benefits for federal, state and foreign exposure items may be necessary within the next 12 months due to lapse of statutes of limitations or uncertain tax positions being effectively settled. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that a decrease of up to $16 million in gross unrecognized income tax benefits for foreign items may be necessary within the next 12 months due to payments. For the remaining uncertain income tax positions, it is difficult at this time to estimate the timing of the resolution. The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, files income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world. The following table summarizes the tax years that remain open for examination by tax authorities in the most significant jurisdictions in which the Company operates: United States 2020-2022 India 2006-2023 Japan 2017-2022 United Kingdom 2021-2022 Switzerland 2019-2022 In certain of the jurisdictions noted above, the Company operates through more than one legal entity, each of which has different open years subject to examination. The table above presents the open years subject to examination for the most material of the legal entities in each jurisdiction. Additionally, it is important to note that tax years are technically not closed until the statute of limitations in each jurisdiction expires. In the jurisdictions noted above, the statute of limitations can extend beyond the open years subject to examination. Due to the geographic breadth of the Company’s operations, numerous tax audits may be ongoing throughout the world at any point in time. Income tax liabilities are recorded based on estimates of additional income taxes that may be due upon the conclusion of these audits. Estimates of these income tax liabilities are made based upon prior experience and are updated in light of changes in facts and circumstances. However, due to the uncertain and complex application of income tax regulations, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of audits may result in liabilities that could be materially different from these estimates. In such an event, the Company will record additional income tax expense or income tax benefit in the period in which such resolution occurs. |
Employee Benefit Plans
Employee Benefit Plans | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Retirement Benefits [Abstract] | |
Employee Benefit Plans | Employee Benefit Plans Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans The Company sponsors both funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans. These plans provide benefits based on various criteria, including, but not limited to, years of service and salary. The Company also sponsors an unfunded postretirement benefit plan in the United States that provides health and prescription drug benefits to retirees who meet the eligibility requirements. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for all pension and postretirement benefit plans. The following table summarizes changes in the benefit obligation, the plan assets and the funded status of the pension benefit plans: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Obligation and funded status: Change in benefit obligation: Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 400 $ 488 $ 461 $ 652 Service costs 10 13 35 29 Interest cost 22 13 17 8 Actuarial losses 15 (101) 5 (144) Business combinations — — — 3 Benefits paid (13) (11) (20) (24) Contributions — — 3 2 Settlements — (2) (3) (4) Foreign currency fluctuations and other — — 27 (61) Projected benefit obligation at end of year 434 400 525 461 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 419 524 355 494 Actual return on plan assets 75 (97) 2 (97) Contributions 5 5 27 32 Benefits paid (13) (11) (20) (24) Settlements — (2) (3) (4) Business combinations — — — 1 Foreign currency fluctuations and other — — 18 (47) Fair value of plan assets at end of year 486 419 379 355 Funded status $ 52 $ 19 $ (146) $ (106) The following table summarizes the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets related to the pension benefit plans: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Deposits and other assets, net $ 87 $ 56 $ 49 $ 50 Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 4 $ 4 $ 12 $ 10 Other liabilities $ 31 $ 33 $ 183 $ 146 Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ 28 $ (2) $ (25) $ (6) As of December 31, 2023, the benefit obligation and amount recognized in AOCI for other postretirement benefits were immaterial. The following table summarizes the accumulated benefit obligation for all pension benefit plans: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Accumulated benefit obligation $ 430 $ 397 $ 480 $ 426 The following table provides the information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets and projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets: Accumulated benefit obligation $ 41 $ 42 $ 251 $ 189 Fair value of plan assets $ 7 $ 6 $ 101 $ 64 Plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets: Projected benefit obligation $ 41 $ 43 $ 295 $ 243 Fair value of plan assets $ 7 $ 6 $ 101 $ 87 The components of net periodic benefit cost changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in comprehensive income were as follows: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 Service cost $ 10 $ 13 $ 14 $ 35 $ 29 $ 29 Interest cost 22 13 11 17 8 6 Expected return on plan assets (30) (38) (32) (17) (18) (20) Amortization of actuarial losses — 1 — (2) 1 1 Settlement gain — 1 — — (1) 1 Net periodic benefit cost 2 (10) (7) 33 19 17 Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive loss: Actuarial (gain) loss – current year (30) 31 (50) 19 (18) (39) Prior service cost – current year — — — — — (2) Total recognized in other comprehensive income (30) 31 (50) 19 (18) (41) Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income $ (28) $ 21 $ (57) $ 52 $ 1 $ (24) All components of net periodic benefit cost other than service cost are recorded in other (income) expense, net on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Gains (losses) affecting the benefit obligation for the year ending December 31, 2023 were primarily related to the changes in discount rates, as well as changes in other actuarial assumptions which are driven by changing market conditions . Assumptions The weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost were as follows for the years ended December 31: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 Discount rate 5.65 % 3.08 % 2.84 % 3.59 % 1.46 % 1.00 % Rate of compensation increases 3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 % 2.93 % 2.57 % 2.55 % Expected return on plan assets 7.20 % 7.23 % 7.23 % 4.53 % 4.22 % 3.92 % The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations were as follows as of December 31: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans 2023 2022 2023 2022 Discount rate 5.35 % 5.65 % 3.52 % 3.59 % Rate of compensation increases 3.00 % 3.00 % 2.78 % 2.93 % The discount rate represents the interest rate used to determine the present value of the future cash flows currently expected to be required to settle the Company’s defined benefit plan obligations. The discount rates are derived using weighted average yield curves on AA-rated corporate bonds. The cash flows from the Company’s expected benefit obligation payments are then matched to the yield curve to derive the discount rates. The Company’s assumption for the expected return on plan assets was determined by the weighted average of the long-term expected rate of return on each of the asset classes invested as of the balance sheet date. For plan assets invested in government bonds, the expected return was based on the yields on the relevant indices as of the balance sheet date. There is considerable uncertainty for the expected return on plan assets invested in equity and diversified growth funds. Under the Company’s United States qualified retirement plan, participants have a notional retirement account that increases with pay and investment credits. The rate used to determine the investment credit (cash balance crediting rate) varies monthly and is equal to 1/12th of the yield on 30-year U.S. Government Treasury Bonds, with a minimum of 0.25%. At retirement, the account is converted to a monthly retirement benefit. Plan Assets The Company’s pension plan target asset allocations and weighted average asset allocations, by asset category, were as follows: Plan Assets as of December 31, Target United States Plans Non-United States Plans Total Asset Category Allocation 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 Equity securities 40-65% 73 % 71 % — % 27 % 42 % 51 % Debt securities 10-40% 21 24 56 30 36 26 Real estate 0-5% 4 5 — — 2 3 Other 10-30% 2 — 44 43 20 20 Total 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % The following table summarizes United States plan assets measured at fair value: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Asset Category Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total (in millions) Domestic equities $ 33 $ — $ 33 $ 29 $ — $ 29 International equities 11 — 11 9 — 9 Corporate bonds 65 — 65 64 — 64 Real estate 21 — 21 19 — 19 Total assets in the fair value hierarchy 130 — 130 121 — 121 Assets measured at net asset value (“NAV”) (1) — — 356 — — 298 Total $ 130 $ — $ 486 $ 121 $ — $ 419 The following table summarizes non-United States plan assets measured at fair value: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Asset Category Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total (in millions) International equities $ 1 $ 1 $ 2 $ — $ 4 $ 4 Debt issued by national, state or local government 2 210 212 3 103 106 Investments funds — 10 10 — 10 10 Insurance contracts — 145 145 — 133 133 Other 3 7 10 3 6 9 Total assets in the fair value hierarchy 6 373 379 6 256 262 Assets measured at NAV (1) — — — — — 93 Total $ 6 $ 373 $ 379 $ 6 $ 256 $ 355 (1) Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value ("NAV") per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the above plan asset tables are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value of plan assets in the fair value hierarchy to the plan asset amounts presented in the above funded status table as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Investments in mutual funds are valued at quoted market prices. Investments in common/collective trusts and pooled funds are valued at the NAV as reported by the trust. The NAV is based on the fair value of the underlying investments held by the fund less its liabilities. Insurance contracts are valued at the amount of the benefit liability. The Company has no Level 3 assets that rely on unobservable inputs to measure fair value. Investment Policies and Strategies The Company invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of debt and equity securities that provide for long-term growth within reasonable and prudent levels of risk. The asset allocation targets established by the Company are strategic and applicable to the plan’s long-term investing horizon. The portfolio is constructed and maintained to provide adequate liquidity to meet associated liabilities and minimize long-term expense and provide prudent diversification among asset classes in accordance with the principles of modern portfolio theory. The plan employs a diversified mix of actively managed investments around a core of passively managed index exposures in each asset class. Within each asset class, rapid market shifts, changes in economic conditions or an individual fund manager’s outlook may cause the asset allocation to fall outside the prescribed targets. The majority of the Company’s plan assets are measured quarterly against benchmarks established by the Company’s investment advisors and the Company’s Asset Management Committee, who review actual plan performance and have the authority to recommend changes as deemed appropriate. Assets are rebalanced periodically to their strategic targets to maintain the plan’s strategic risk/reward characteristics. The Company periodically conducts asset liability modeling studies to ensure that the investment strategy is aligned with the obligations of the plans and that the assets will generate income and capital growth to meet the cost of current and future benefits that the plans provide. The pension plans do not have investments in Company stock as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The portfolio for the Company’s United Kingdom pension plans seek to invest in a range of suitable assets of appropriate liquidity that will generate in the most effective manner possible, income and capital growth to ensure that there are sufficient assets to meet benefit payments when they fall due, while controlling the long-term costs of the plans, avoiding short-term volatility of investment returns, and managing risks in accordance with plan investment strategies. The plans seek to achieve these objectives by investing in a mixture of real (equities) and monetary (fixed interest) assets, which is expected to provide the level of returns required by the plans. The trustee periodically conducts asset liability modeling exercises to ensure the investments are aligned with the appropriate benchmark to better reflect the plans’ liabilities. The trustee also undertakes to review this benchmark on a regular basis. Cash Flows Contributions The Company expects to contribute approximately $31 million in required contributions to its pension and postretirement benefit plans during 2024. The Company may make additional contributions into its pension plans in 2024 depending on, among other factors, how the funded status of those plans change or in order to meet minimum funding requirements as set forth in employee benefit and tax laws, plus additional amounts the Company may deem to be appropriate. Estimated future benefit payments and subsidy receipts The following benefit payments (net of expected participant contributions) for pension benefits are expected to be paid as follows: (in millions) 2024 $ 48 2025 50 2026 53 2027 56 2028 58 Years 2029 through 2033 325 $ 590 Benefit payments (net of expected participant contributions) for other postretirement benefits are expected to be immaterial over the years presented. Defined Contribution Plans Defined contribution or profit sharing plans are offered in various countries in which the Company operates. In some cases, these plans are required by local laws or regulations. In the United States, the Company has a 401(k) plan under which the Company matches employee deferrals at varying percentages and specified limits of the employee’s salary. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company expensed $81 million, $74 million and $60 million, respectively, related to matching contributions. Certain key executives of the Company participate in an unfunded defined contribution executive retirement plan, assumed in the merger between Quintiles and IMS Health, which was frozen to additional accruals for future service contributions in 2012. Participants continue to receive an annual investment credit based on the average of the annual yields at the end of each month on the AA-AAA rated 10 plus year maturity component of the Merrill Lynch United States Corporate Bond Master Index. Plans Accounted for as Postretirement Benefits The Company provides certain executives with postretirement medical, dental and life insurance benefits. These benefits are individually negotiated arrangements in accordance with their individual employment arrangements. The above tables do not include the Company’s expense or obligation associated with providing these benefits. The obligation related to these benefits as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the Company’s expense for the years then ended, were not material. Stock Incentive Plans Stock incentive plans provide incentives to eligible employees, officers and directors in the form of non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock awards, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance awards, covered annual incentive awards, cash-based awards and other stock-based awards, in each case subject to the terms of the stock incentive plans. In April 2017, the Company’s 2017 Incentive and Stock Award Plan (the “2017 Plan”) was approved by the Company’s stockholders. The 2017 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, SARs, restricted and deferred stock (including RSUs), performance awards, dividend equivalents, other stock-based awards and cash-based awards. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $217 million, $194 million and $170 million in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The associated future income tax benefit recognized was $34 million, $28 million and $26 million in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, there was approximately $194 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average period of 1.30 years. As of December 31, 2023, there were 8.5 million shares available for future grants under all of the Company’s stock incentive plans. The Company used the following assumptions when estimating the value of the stock-based compensation for Stock Settled SARs granted as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Expected volatility 29 – 35% 28 – 34% 27 – 31% Weighted average expected volatility 32% 30% 29% Expected dividends 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Expected term (in years) 2.4 – 5.4 3.3 – 6.3 3.6 – 6.6 Risk-free interest rate 3.38 – 4.75% 1.84 –4.22% 0.28 – 1.40% Stock Appreciation Rights – Stock Settled The exercise price of the stock-settled SARs (“SSRs”) is equal to the closing market price of the Company’s common stock as of the grant date and expire on the tenth anniversary of the date of grant. The SSRs are eligible to vest in three equal annual installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant. The Company’s SSR activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: (in millions, except number of SSRs and exercise price) Number of SSRs Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 4,055,769 $ 134.36 $ 304 Granted 399,427 231.86 Exercised (535,982) 122.94 Canceled (56,504) 218.68 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 3,862,710 $ 144.79 $ 342 The total intrinsic value of SSRs exercised was approximately $51 million, $25 million and $81 million in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 respectively. The weighted average remaining contractual life of the SSRs outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 is 5.4 years and 4.6 years, respectively. The total aggregate intrinsic value of the exercisable SSRs and the SSRs expected to vest as of December 31, 2023 was approximately $342 million. Stock Options The option price is determined by the Board at the date of grant and the options expire 10 years from the date of grant. All outstanding stock options are fully vested. The Company’s stock option activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: (in millions, except number of options and exercise price) Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 320,353 $ 54.99 $ 48 Exercised (145,382) 46.13 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 174,971 $ 62.35 $ 30 The total intrinsic value of options exercised was approximately $23 million, $9 million and $29 million in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company received cash of approximately $7 million, $2 million and $7 million in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, from options exercised. The weighted average remaining contractual life of the options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 is 1.5 years. The total aggregate intrinsic value of the exercisable stock options as of December 31, 2023 was approximately $30 million. Performance Awards The Company awarded performance awards that contain service, performance-based and/or market-based vesting criteria. Vesting occurs if the recipient remains employed and depends on the degree to which performance goals are achieved during the three-year performance period (as defined in the award agreements). The Company’s performance award activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: Number of Performance Awards Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 642,701 $ 216.00 Granted 359,588 229.88 Additional goal achievement shares 176,329 169.76 Vested (380,386) 173.74 Canceled (52,162) 232.93 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 746,070 $ 232.13 As of December 31, 2023, there are 746,070 performance awards outstanding with an intrinsic value of approximately $173 million. Restricted Stock Units – Stock Settled The Company’s RSUs will settle in shares of the Company’s common stock within 45 days of the applicable vesting date. In general, RSUs granted to employees vest either (i) one-third per year beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date or (ii) 100% at the end of the three-year period following the grant date. Members of the Company’s Board receive RSUs that are fully vested when granted. The Company’s RSU activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-Date Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 896,733 $ 215.16 Granted (1) 443,009 227.84 Vested (379,871) 197.56 Canceled (71,015) 220.79 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 888,856 $ 228.55 (1) Pursuant to the IQVIA Holdings Inc. Non-Employee Director Deferral Plan (the “Director Deferral Plan”), non-employee directors may elect to defer receipt of their cash retainers. If a director elects to defer his or her retainer, he or she will instead be credited with that value in deferred shares under the Director Deferral Plan. Deferred shares become payable in Company common stock following a termination of the director’s Board service or the director’s death, or upon a change in control of the Company. The Company granted 1,782 deferred RSUs in 2023. As of December 31, 2023, there are 888,856 RSUs outstanding with an intrinsic value of approximately $206 million. Stock Appreciation Rights – Cash Settled The Company’s cash settled SARs (“CSRs”) require the Company to settle in cash an amount equal to the difference between the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise and the grant price, multiplied by the number of CSRs being exercised. All outstanding CSRs are fully vested. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the weighted average fair value per share of the CSRs outstanding was $152.17, $147.41 and $216.87, respectively. The Company paid approximately $11 million, $1 million and $1 million to settle exercised CSRs in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 respectively. The weighted average remaining contractual life of the CSRs outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 is 3.1 years. The total aggregate intrinsic value of the exercisable CSRs as of December 31, 2023 was approximately $8 million. Restricted Stock Units – Cash Settled The Company’s cash settled RSUs (“Cash RSUs”) require the Company to settle in cash an amount equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the vest date multiplied by the number of vested Cash RSUs. These awards vest either (i) 100% at the end of the three-year period following the date of grant, or (ii) one-third per year beginning on the first grant date anniversary. As of December 31, 2023, there are 5,326 Cash RSUs outstanding with an intrinsic value of approximately $1 million. Long Term Incentive Awards - Stock Settled During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into long term incentive award agreements with certain employees totaling a fixed monetary amount of $80 million to issue a variable number of common shares based on the fair market value when the awards vest on the third anniversary of the grant date. The Company accounts for the awards as liability-classified awards with the liability recorded in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company recorded approximately $22 million and $9 million of stock-based compensation expense for these awards during the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Other The Company sponsors a supplemental non-qualified deferred compensation plan, covering certain management employees, and maintains other statutory indemnity plans as required by local laws or regulations. |
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
Related Party Transactions | Related Party Transactions The Company has entered into transactions with related parties that are not deemed to be material, including investments in unconsolidated affiliates that are discussed in Note 4. |
Property, Equipment and Softwar
Property, Equipment and Software by Geography | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Property Equipment And Software By Geography [Abstract] | |
Property, Equipment and Software by Geography | Property, Equipment and Software by Geography The following table represents the Company’s property, equipment and software, net, by geographic region, which is further broken down to show each country that accounts for 10% or more of the totals: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Property, equipment and software, net: Americas: United States $ 1,820 $ 1,699 Other 97 99 Americas 1,917 1,798 Europe and Africa 193 196 Asia-Pacific 36 53 Total property, equipment and software, net $ 2,146 $ 2,047 |
Segments
Segments | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
Segments | Segments The following table presents the Company’s operations by reportable segment. The Company is managed through three reportable segments, Technology & Analytics Solutions, Research & Development Solutions and Contract Sales & Medical Solutions. Technology & Analytics Solutions provides mission critical information, technology solutions and real world insights and services to the Company’s life science clients. Research & Development Solutions, which primarily serves biopharmaceutical customers, provides outsourced clinical research and clinical trial related services. Contract Sales & Medical Solutions provides health care provider (including contract sales) and patient engagement services to both biopharmaceutical customers and the broader healthcare market. Certain costs are not allocated to the Company's segments and are reported as general corporate and unallocated expenses. These costs primarily consist of stock-based compensation and expenses related to integration activities and acquisitions. The Company also does not allocate restructuring costs, depreciation and amortization or impairment charges, if any, to its segments. Asset information by segment is not presented, as this measure is not used by the chief operating decision maker to assess the Company’s performance. The Company’s reportable segment information is presented below: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Revenues Technology & Analytics Solutions $ 5,862 $ 5,746 $ 5,534 Research & Development Solutions 8,395 7,921 7,556 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 727 743 784 Total revenues 14,984 14,410 13,874 Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization Technology & Analytics Solutions 3,496 3,348 3,278 Research & Development Solutions 5,629 5,395 5,303 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 620 639 652 Total cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization 9,745 9,382 9,233 Selling, general and administrative expenses Technology & Analytics Solutions 876 848 798 Research & Development Solutions 851 831 777 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 58 62 57 General corporate and unallocated 268 330 332 Total selling, general and administrative expenses 2,053 2,071 1,964 Segment profit Technology & Analytics Solutions 1,490 1,550 1,458 Research & Development Solutions 1,915 1,695 1,476 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 49 42 75 Total segment profit 3,454 3,287 3,009 General corporate and unallocated (268) (330) (332) Depreciation and amortization (1,125) (1,130) (1,264) Restructuring costs (84) (28) (20) Total income from operations $ 1,977 $ 1,799 $ 1,393 |
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Year Ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data) 2023 2022 2021 Numerator: Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. $ 1,358 $ 1,091 $ 966 Denominator: Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 183.8 187.6 191.4 Effect of dilutive stock options and share awards 2.5 3.0 3.6 Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 186.3 190.6 195.0 Earnings per share attributable to common stockholders: Basic $ 7.39 $ 5.82 $ 5.05 Diluted $ 7.29 $ 5.72 $ 4.95 Stock-based awards will have a dilutive effect under the treasury method when the respective period’s average market value of the Company’s common stock exceeds the exercise proceeds. Performance awards are included in diluted earnings per share based on if the performance targets have been met at the end of the reporting period. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the weighted average number of outstanding stock-based awards not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they are subject to performance conditions that have not been met at the end of the reporting period or the effect of including such stock-based awards in the computation would be anti-dilutive was 1.0 million, 0.5 million, and 0.1 million, million, respectively. |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income Below is a summary of the components of AOCI: (in millions) Foreign Currency Translation Derivative Instruments Defined Benefit Plans Income Taxes Total Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ (395) $ (48) $ (85) $ 323 $ (205) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (165) 11 90 (139) (203) Reclassification adjustments — 16 — (4) 12 Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest (10) — — — (10) Balance as of December 31, 2021 (570) (21) 5 180 (406) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (255) 53 (13) (116) (331) Reclassification adjustments — 12 — (2) 10 Balance as of December 31, 2022 (825) 44 (8) 62 (727) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (144) (10) 11 54 (89) Reclassification adjustments — (68) — 17 (51) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ (969) $ (34) $ 3 $ 133 $ (867) Below is a summary of the adjustments for amounts reclassified from AOCI into the consolidated statements of income and the affected financial statement line item: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Affected Financial Statement Line Item 2023 2022 2021 Derivative instruments: Interest rate swaps Interest expense $ 47 $ (22) $ (21) Foreign exchange forward contracts Revenues 21 10 5 Total before income taxes 68 (12) (16) Income taxes 17 (2) (4) Total net of income taxes $ 51 $ (10) $ (12) |
Supplemental Cash Flow Informat
Supplemental Cash Flow Information | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract] | |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information | Supplemental Cash Flow Information The following table presents the Company’s supplemental cash flow information: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Supplemental Cash Flow Information: Interest paid, net $ 556 $ 379 $ 343 Income taxes paid, net of refunds $ 340 $ 255 $ 222 |
Schedule I - Condensed Financia
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Schedule I-Condensed Financial Information of Registrant | (2) Financial Statement Schedules Schedule I—Condensed Financial Information of Registrant IQVIA HOLDINGS INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Equity in earnings of subsidiary, net of tax $ 1,358 $ 1,091 $ 966 Net income 1,358 1,091 966 Equity in other comprehensive (loss) income of subsidiary, net of tax (140) (321) (191) Comprehensive income $ 1,218 $ 770 $ 775 IQVIA HOLDINGS INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS December 31, (in millions, except per share data) 2023 2022 ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 2 $ 2 Total current assets 2 2 Investment in subsidiary 9,667 9,667 Total assets $ 9,669 $ 9,669 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 8 $ — Total current liabilities 8 — Investment in subsidiary 3,546 3,902 Payable to subsidiary 3 2 Total liabilities 3,557 3,904 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders’ equity: Common stock and additional paid-in capital, 400.0 shares authorized as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.01 par value, 257.2 shares issued and 181.5 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023; 256.4 shares issued and 185.7 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 11,028 10,898 Retained earnings 4,692 3,334 Treasury stock, at cost, 75.7 and 70.7 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively (8,741) (7,740) Accumulated other comprehensive loss (867) (727) Total stockholders’ equity 6,112 5,765 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 9,669 $ 9,669 IQVIA HOLDINGS INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Operating activities: Net Income $ 1,358 $ 1,091 $ 966 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: Equity in earnings of subsidiary (1,358) (1,091) (966) Change in operating assets and liabilities: Other operating assets and liabilities — 1 (1) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities — 1 (1) Investing activities: Investment in subsidiary, net of dividends received 1,052 1,238 467 Net cash provided by investing activities 1,052 1,238 467 Financing activities: Payments related to employee stock option plans (61) (71) (59) Repurchase of common stock (992) (1,168) (406) Intercompany with subsidiary 1 — — Net cash used in financing activities (1,052) (1,239) (465) Increase in cash and cash equivalents — — 1 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 2 2 1 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 2 $ 2 $ 2 IQVIA HOLDINGS INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION The condensed parent company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule I of Regulation S-X as the restricted net assets of IQVIA Holdings Inc.’s (the “Company”) wholly owned subsidiary, IQVIA Incorporated exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of the Company. These condensed parent company financial statements are not the general-purpose financial statements of the reporting entity. The ability of IQVIA Incorporated to pay dividends may be limited due to the restrictive covenants in the agreements governing its credit arrangements. These condensed parent company financial statements include the accounts of IQVIA Holdings Inc. on a standalone basis (the “Parent”) and the equity method of accounting is used to reflect ownership interest in its subsidiary. Refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes presented elsewhere herein for additional information and disclosures with respect to these financial statements. Below is a summary of the dividends paid to the Parent by IQVIA Incorporated in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: (in millions) Amount Paid in November 2023 $ 232 Paid in September 2023 55 Paid in August 2023 89 Paid in May 2023 490 Paid in March 2023 130 Paid in February 2023 56 Total paid in 2023 $ 1,052 Paid in December 2022 $ 25 Paid in November 2022 3 Paid in October 2022 40 Paid in September 2022 110 Paid in August 2022 1 Paid in July 2022 100 Paid in June 2022 188 Paid in May 2022 303 Paid in April 2022 2 Paid in March 2022 125 Paid in February 2022 322 Paid in January 2022 20 Total paid in 2022 $ 1,239 Paid in December 2021 $ 57 Paid in November 2021 89 Paid in October 2021 60 Paid in September 2021 36 Paid in August 2021 35 Paid in July 2021 25 Paid in June 2021 20 Paid in May 2021 23 Paid in April 2021 4 Paid in March 2021 51 Paid in February 2021 70 Total paid in 2021 $ 470 |
Schedule II - Valuation and Qua
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract] | |
Schedule II-Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance Additions (in millions) Balance at Beginning of Year Charged to Expenses Charged to Other Accounts(a) Additions (Deductions) (b) Balance at End of Year December 31, 2023 $ 257 $ (99) $ — $ 8 $ 166 December 31, 2022 $ 294 $ (27) $ — $ (10) $ 257 December 31, 2021 $ 306 $ 1 $ — $ (13) $ 294 (a) Recorded through purchase accounting transaction. (b) Impact of reductions recorded to expense and translation adjustments. |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure | |||
Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 966 |
Insider Trading Arrangements
Insider Trading Arrangements | 3 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
Summary of Significant Accoun_2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the Company, its subsidiaries and investments in which the Company has control. Amounts pertaining to the non-controlling ownership interests held by third parties in the operating results and financial position of the Company’s majority-owned subsidiaries are reported as non-controlling interests. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
Foreign Currencies | Foreign Currencies The Company’s consolidated financial statements are reported in United States dollars and, accordingly, the Company’s results of operations are impacted by fluctuations in exchange rates that affect the translation of its revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies into United States dollars for purposes of reporting its consolidated financial results. Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies on the books of foreign subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues, costs and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange during the year. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are charged or credited to the accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (“AOCI”) component of stockholders’ equity. The Company is subject to foreign currency transaction risk for fluctuations in exchange rates during the period of time between the consummation and cash settlement of a transaction. The Company earns revenues from its service contracts over a period of several months and, in some cases, over a period of several years. Accordingly, exchange rate fluctuations during this period may affect the Company’s profitability with respect to such contracts. For operations outside the United States that are considered to be highly inflationary or where the United States dollar is designated as the functional currency, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using end-of-period exchange rates, whereas nonmonetary accounts are remeasured using historical exchange rates, and all remeasurement and transaction adjustments are recognized in other (income) expense, net. |
Cash Equivalents | Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. |
Derivatives | Derivatives The Company uses derivative instruments to manage exposures to interest rates and foreign currencies. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value at each balance sheet date utilizing pricing models for non-exchange-traded contracts. At inception, the Company designates whether or not the derivative instrument is an effective hedge of an asset, liability or firm commitment which is then classified as either a cash flow hedge or a fair value hedge. If determined to be an effective cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are recorded as a component of AOCI until realized. The Company includes the impact from these hedges in the same line item as the hedged item on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Changes in fair value of effective fair value hedges are recorded in earnings as an offset to the changes in the fair value of the related hedged item. Hedge ineffectiveness, if any, is immediately recognized in earnings. Changes in the fair values of derivative instruments that are not an effective hedge are recognized in earnings. When it is probable that a hedged forecasted transaction will not occur, the Company discontinues hedge accounting for the affected portion of the forecasted transaction and reclassifies gains or losses that were accumulated in AOCI to earnings for foreign exchange derivatives and interest expense for interest rate derivatives on the consolidated statements of income. Cash flows are classified consistent with the underlying hedged item. The Company has entered, and may in the future enter, into derivative contracts (caps, swaps, forwards, calls or puts, warrants, for example) related to its debt and forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for investment or speculative purposes. The Company designates its cross-currency swaps and a portion of its foreign currency denominated debt as a hedge of its net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries to reduce the volatility in stockholders’ equity caused by changes in the Euro exchange rate with respect to the United States dollar. Foreign exchange gains or losses on the remeasurement of the debt designated as part of a hedge of net investments is recognized in the cumulative translation adjustment component of AOCI with the related offset in long-term debt. Those amounts would be reclassified from AOCI to earnings upon the sale or substantial liquidation of the net investments. T |
Business Combinations | Business Combinations and Goodwill The Company uses the acquisition method to account for business combinations, and accordingly, the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree are recorded at their estimated fair values on the date of the acquisition. The Company uses significant judgments, estimates and assumptions in determining the estimated fair value of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and non-controlling interests including expected future cash flows, and discount rates that reflect the risk associated with the expected future cash flows and estimated useful lives. |
Property and Equipment | Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the asset’s estimated useful life or the lease term, if related to leased property, as follows: Buildings and leasehold improvements 3 - 40 years Equipment 3 - 10 years Furniture and fixtures 5 - 10 years Transportation equipment 3 - 20 years |
Definite-lived Identifiable Intangible Assets | Definite-lived other identifiable intangible assets are amortized primarily using an accelerated method that reflects the pattern in which the Company expects to benefit from the use of the asset over its estimated remaining useful life as follows: Client relationships and backlog 1 - 25 years Software and related assets 1 - 10 years Trademarks, trade names and other 1 - 17 years Databases 1 - 9 years Non-compete agreements 2 - 5 years Included in software and related assets is the capitalized cost of internal-use software used in supporting the Company’s business. Qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized over their estimated useful lives. Costs are capitalized from completion of the preliminary project stage and when it is considered probable that the software will be used to perform its intended function, up until the time the software is placed into service. The Company recognized $475 million, $419 million and $211 million of amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to software and related assets. The carrying values of property, equipment and intangible and other long-lived assets are reviewed for recoverability at the asset grouping level to determine if the facts and circumstances suggest that a potential impairment may have occurred. If this review indicates that carrying values will not be recoverable, as determined based on undiscounted cash flow projections, the Company will record an impairment charge to reduce carrying values to estimated fair value. There were no impairments recognized in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company’s arrangements are primarily service contracts that range in duration from a few months to several years. The Company recognizes revenues when control of these services is transferred to the customer for an amount, referred to as the transaction price, that reflects the consideration to which the Company is expected to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company determines revenue recognition utilizing the following five steps: (1) identification of the contract with a customer, (2) identification of the performance obligations in the contract (promised goods or services that are distinct), (3) determination of the transaction price, (4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognition of revenues when, or as, the Company transfers control of the product or service for each performance obligation. Cash payments made to customers as incentives to induce customers to enter into service agreements with the Company are amortized as a reduction of revenues over the period the services are performed. The Company records revenues net of any tax assessments by governmental authorities, such as value added taxes, that are imposed on and concurrent with specific revenues generating transactions. The Company derives the majority of its revenues in the Technology & Analytics Solutions segment from various information and technology service offerings. Information offerings (primarily under fixed-price contracts) typically include multiple performance obligations including an ongoing subscription-based deliverable for which revenues are recognized ratably as earned over the contract period, and/or a one-time deliverable of data offerings for which revenues are recognized upon delivery. The customer is able to benefit from the provision of data as it is received. The Company’s subscription arrangements typically have terms ranging from one The majority of the Company’s contracts within the Research & Development Solutions segment are service contracts for clinical research that represent a single performance obligation. The Company provides a significant integration service resulting in a combined output, which is clinical trial data that meets the relevant regulatory standards and can be used by the customer to progress to the next phase of a clinical trial or solicit approval of a treatment by the applicable regulatory body. The performance obligation is satisfied over time as the output is captured in data and documentation that is available for the customer to consume over the course of the arrangement and furthers progress of the clinical trial. The Company recognizes revenues over time using a cost-based input method since there is no single output measure that would fairly depict the transfer of control over the life of the performance obligation. Progress on the performance obligation is measured by the proportion of actual costs incurred to the total costs expected to complete the contract. Costs included in the measure of progress include direct labor and third-party costs (such as payments to investigators and other reimbursed expenses for the Company’s clinical monitors). This cost-based method of revenue recognition requires the Company to make estimates of costs to complete its projects on an ongoing basis. Significant judgment is required to evaluate assumptions related to these estimates. The effect of revisions to estimates related to the transaction price or costs to complete a project are recorded in the period in which the estimate is revised. Most contracts may be terminated upon 30 to 90 days' notice by the customer; however, in the event of termination, most contracts require payment for services rendered through the date of termination, as well as for subsequent services rendered to close out the contract. The majority of revenues in the Company's Contract Sales & Medical Solutions segment is from contract salesforce to the biopharmaceutical industry and broader healthcare market and recognized over time using a single measure of progress dependent on the performance obligation. Some of the Company's Contract Sales & Medical Solutions contracts contain multiple performance obligations with distinct promises including recruiting, sales force automation and deployment of sales representatives. The Company utilizes a single measure of progress for each performance obligation to recognize revenues, which includes deployment of sales representatives based on employee days worked; recruiting based on candidates recruited; sales force automation set-up based on hours worked; and sales force automation hosting and maintenance based on usage. These services meet the over time criterion as the customer consumes the benefit as activities are performed and another party would not need to substantially re-perform the work already completed to satisfy the remaining obligations if the services were migrated to another party. Variable Consideration In some cases, contracts provide for variable consideration that is contingent upon the occurrence of uncertain future events, such as performance incentives (including royalty payments, bonuses, or penalty clauses that can either increase or decrease the transaction price). Variable consideration is estimated at the expected value or at the most likely amount depending on the type of consideration. Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenues recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The estimate of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the Company's anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company and reevaluated each reporting period. Reimbursed Expenses The Company includes reimbursed expenses in revenues and cost of revenues as the Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified service, including the integration of the related services into a combined output to the customer, which are inseparable from the integrated service. These costs include such items as payments to investigators and travel expenses for the Company’s clinical monitors and sales representatives, over which the Company has discretion in establishing prices. The Company controls the good or service and has inventory risk on contractually reimbursable expenses, as sometimes the Company is unable to obtain reimbursement from the customer for costs incurred. Change Orders Changes in the scope of work are common, especially under long-term contracts, and generally result in a change in transaction price. Change orders are evaluated on a contract-by-contract basis to determine if they should be accounted for as a new contract or as part of the existing contract. Generally, services from change orders are not distinct from the original performance obligation. As a result, the effect that the contract modification has on the contract revenues, and measure of progress, is recognized as an adjustment to revenues when it occurs. Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues include (i) compensation and benefits for billable employees and personnel involved in production, data management and delivery, and the costs of acquiring and processing data for the Company’s information offerings; (ii) costs of staff directly involved with delivering technology-related services offerings and engagements, and the costs of data purchased specifically for technology services engagements; (iii) reimbursed expenses that are comprised principally of payments to investigators who oversee clinical trials and travel expenses for the Company’s clinical monitors and sales representatives; and (iv) other expenses directly related to service contracts such as courier fees, laboratory supplies, professional services and travel expenses. Trade Receivables, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income In general, billings and payments are established by contractual provisions including predetermined payment schedules, which may or may not correspond to the timing of the transfer of control of the Company’s services under the contract. In general, the Company’s intention in its invoicing (payment terms) is to maintain cash neutrality over the life of the contract. Generally, the payment terms are 30 to 90 days based on contracts. Upfront payments, when they occur, are intended to cover certain expenses the Company incurs at the beginning of the contract. Neither the Company nor its customers view such upfront payments and contracted payment schedules as a means of financing. Unbilled services primarily arise from long-term contracts when a cost-based or hours-based input method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenues recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Unearned income consists of advance payments and billings in excess of revenues recognized. As the contracted services are subsequently performed and the associated revenues are recognized, the unearned income balance is reduced by the amount of the revenue recognized during the period. Unearned income is classified as a current liability on our consolidated balance sheets as the Company expects to recognize the associated revenues in less than one year. |
Restructuring Costs | Restructuring Costs Restructuring costs, which primarily include termination benefits, are recorded at estimated value. Key assumptions in determining the restructuring costs include the terms and payments that may be negotiated to terminate certain contractual obligations and the timing of employees leaving the Company. |
Debt Fees | Debt Fees Fees incurred to issue debt are generally deferred and amortized as a component of interest expense over the estimated term of the related debt using the effective interest rate method. |
Contingencies | Contingencies The Company records accruals for claims, suits, investigations and proceedings when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews claims, suits, investigations and proceedings at least quarterly and records or adjusts accruals related to such matters to reflect the impact and status of any settlements, rulings, advice of counsel or other information pertinent to a particular matter. Legal costs associated with contingencies are charged to expense as incurred. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes The provision for income taxes includes federal, state, local and foreign taxes. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company records U.S. deferred taxes based on the Federal corporate income tax rate of 21%. The Company accounts for tax related to Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) as a period cost when incurred. Recognition of deferred income tax assets is based on management’s belief that it is more likely than not that the income tax benefit associated with certain temporary differences, income tax operating loss, capital loss carryforwards, and income tax credits, will be realized. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred income tax assets for those deferred income tax items for which it was more likely than not that realization would not occur. The Company determines the amount of the valuation allowance based, in part, on the Company’s assessment of future taxable income and in light of the Company’s ongoing income tax strategies. If the estimate of future taxable income or tax strategies changes at any time in the future, the Company would record an adjustment to its valuation allowance. Recording such an adjustment could have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. Income tax expense is based on the distribution of profit before income tax among the various taxing jurisdictions in which the Company operates, adjusted as required by the income tax laws of each taxing jurisdiction. Changes in the distribution of profits and losses among taxing jurisdictions may have a significant impact on the Company's effective income tax rate. The Company does not consider the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. |
Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits | Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits The Company provides retirement benefits to certain employees, including defined benefit pension plans. The determination of benefit obligations and expense is based on actuarial models. In order to measure benefit costs and obligations using these models, assumptions are made with regard to the discount rate, expected return on plan assets, cash balance crediting rate, lump sum conversion rate and the assumed rate of compensation increases. |
Stock-based Compensation | Stock-based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation for stock options and stock appreciation rights under the fair value method and uses the Black-Scholes-Merton model to estimate the value of such stock-based awards granted to its employees and non-executive directors. Expected volatility is based on an analysis that incorporates the historical volatility of the Company's stock since the Merger in October 2016 and reported data for selected reasonably similar publicly traded companies for which the historical information is available. The Company does not currently anticipate paying dividends. The expected term represents the period of time the grants are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The Company values its stock-based compensation for restricted stock awards and restricted stock units based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation for performance awards related to compound annual earnings per share (“EPS”) growth based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, and for performance awards related to relative total shareholder return (“TSR”) based on a Monte Carlo simulation model. |
Leases | Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and reassesses if there are changes in terms and conditions of the contract. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in deposits and other assets, net, other current liabilities, and other liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Lease assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. Lease assets also include any lease payments made before lease commencement and initial direct costs and excludes lease incentives. In determining the lease term at lease commencement, the Company includes the noncancellable term and the periods, which the Company deems it is reasonably certain to exercise or not to exercise a renewal or cancellation option. Operating lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Finance lease expense is recognized as a combination of depreciation expense for the leased asset and interest expense for the outstanding lease liabilities using the discount rate discussed above. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components that the Company has elected to account for as single lease components. |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share The calculation of earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares or common stock equivalents outstanding during the applicable period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is excluded from basic earnings per share and is included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. Potentially dilutive securities include outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance awards and other stock-based awards. Diluted shares outstanding are calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options, and the amount of compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized are assumed to be used to repurchase shares. |
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates | Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates The Company’s investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for under the equity method if the Company exercises significant influence or has an investment in a limited partnership that is considered to be greater than minor. These investments are classified as investments in unconsolidated affiliates on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company records its pro rata share of the earnings, adjusted for accretion of basis difference, of these investments in equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company reviews its investments in unconsolidated affiliates for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. |
Treasury Stock | Treasury Stock The Company records treasury stock purchases under the cost method. Upon reissuance of treasury stock, amounts in excess of the acquisition cost are credited to additional paid-in capital. If the Company reissues treasury stock at an amount below its acquisition cost and additional paid-in capital associated with prior treasury stock transactions is insufficient to cover the difference between the acquisition cost and the reissue price, this shortfall is recorded in retained earnings. |
Recently Issued Accounting Standards | Recently Issued Accounting Standards Accounting pronouncements recently adopted In September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued new accounting guidance, Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2022-04, Liabilities - Supplier Finance Programs , to enhance the transparency of supplier finance programs. The amendments in this ASU address investor and other financial statement user requests for additional information about the use of supplier finance programs by the buyer party to understand the effect of those programs on a Company's working capital, liquidity, and cash flows. The Company adopted this new accounting guidance effective January 1, 2023. The adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's disclosures within the consolidated financial statements. Accounting pronouncements issued but not adopted as of December 31, 2023 In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures , to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements. The new guidance requires disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. It does not change the definition of a segment or the guidance for determining reportable segments. The new guidance will be effective for the Company in the annual period beginning January 1, 2024 and in 2025 for interim periods. The Company is assessing the impacts of this ASU on its disclosures within the consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this ASU require additional disclosures about income taxes, primarily focused on the disclosure of income taxes paid and the rate reconciliation table. The new guidance will be effective for the Company in the annual period beginning January 1, 2025. The Company is assessing the impacts of this ASU on its disclosures within the consolidated financial statements. |
Summary of Significant Accoun_3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Summary of Major Classes of Property and Equipment | Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the asset’s estimated useful life or the lease term, if related to leased property, as follows: Buildings and leasehold improvements 3 - 40 years Equipment 3 - 10 years Furniture and fixtures 5 - 10 years Transportation equipment 3 - 20 years The major classes of property and equipment were as follows: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Land, buildings and leasehold improvements $ 376 $ 363 Equipment 803 852 Transportation equipment 81 83 Furniture and fixtures 66 74 Property and equipment, gross 1,326 1,372 Less accumulated depreciation (803) (840) Property and equipment, net $ 523 $ 532 |
Definite-Lived Identifiable Intangible Assets Amortized | Definite-lived other identifiable intangible assets are amortized primarily using an accelerated method that reflects the pattern in which the Company expects to benefit from the use of the asset over its estimated remaining useful life as follows: Client relationships and backlog 1 - 25 years Software and related assets 1 - 10 years Trademarks, trade names and other 1 - 17 years Databases 1 - 9 years Non-compete agreements 2 - 5 years The following is a summary of other identifiable intangible assets: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: Client relationships and backlog $ 5,688 $ (2,724) $ 2,964 $ 5,339 $ (2,332) $ 3,007 Software and related assets 3,629 (2,005) 1,624 3,106 (1,591) 1,515 Trademarks, trade names and other 548 (320) 228 545 (278) 267 Databases 1,837 (1,819) 18 1,817 (1,794) 23 Non-compete agreements 16 (11) 5 23 (15) 8 $ 11,718 $ (6,879) $ 4,839 $ 10,830 $ (6,010) $ 4,820 |
Revenues by Geography, Concen_2
Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | |
Summary of Revenues by Geographical Region and Reportable Segment | The Company attributes revenues to geographical region based upon where the services are performed. The following tables represent revenues by geographical region and reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: December 31, 2023 (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Total Revenues: Americas $ 3,091 $ 4,157 $ 304 $ 7,552 Europe and Africa 2,156 2,103 200 4,459 Asia-Pacific 615 2,135 223 2,973 Total revenues $ 5,862 $ 8,395 $ 727 $ 14,984 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Total Revenues: Americas $ 2,947 $ 3,747 $ 354 $ 7,048 Europe and Africa 2,175 2,016 175 4,366 Asia-Pacific 624 2,158 214 2,996 Total revenues $ 5,746 $ 7,921 $ 743 $ 14,410 December 31, 2021 (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Total Revenues: Americas $ 2,610 $ 3,887 $ 351 $ 6,848 Europe and Africa 2,282 1,899 176 4,357 Asia-Pacific 642 1,770 257 2,669 Total revenues $ 5,534 $ 7,556 $ 784 $ 13,874 |
Trade Accounts Receivable, Un_2
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Receivables [Abstract] | |
Trade Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Services | Trade accounts receivables and unbilled services consist of the following: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Trade accounts receivable $ 1,473 $ 1,329 Unbilled services 1,942 1,624 Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services 3,415 2,953 Allowance for doubtful accounts (34) (36) Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services, net $ 3,381 $ 2,917 |
Schedule of Net Contract Assets (Liabilities) | Unbilled services and unearned income were as follows: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Change Unbilled services $ 1,942 $ 1,624 $ 318 Unearned income (1,799) (1,797) (2) Net balance $ 143 $ (173) $ 316 |
Investments (Tables)
Investments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] | |
Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates | The following is a summary of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated affiliates: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund V, L.P. (“NQ Fund V”) $ 35 $ 29 NostraData Pty Ltd. (“NostraData”) 18 18 NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund IV, L.P. (“NQ Fund IV”) 6 8 NovaQuest Private Equity Fund I, L.P. (“NQ PE Fund I”) 10 8 Longwood Fund V, L.P. ("Longwood") 7 6 RxWare (formerly "Helparound") 2 2 NovaQuest Pharma Opportunities Fund III, L.P. (“NQ Fund III”) 1 1 Other 55 22 $ 134 $ 94 |
Summary of Investments in Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities and Estimated Maximum Exposure to Loss | As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s investments in unconsolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and its estimated maximum exposure to loss were as follows: (in millions) Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum Exposure to Loss NQ Fund V $ 35 $ 44 Longwood 7 10 NQ PE Fund I 10 11 NQ Fund IV 6 7 NQ Fund III 1 6 Other 48 293 $ 107 $ 371 |
Derivatives (Tables)
Derivatives (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Summary of Fair Values of Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedges | The fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments, on a gross basis, and the line items on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets to which they were recorded are summarized in the following table: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Balance Sheet Classification Assets Liabilities Notional Assets Liabilities Notional Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Interest rate swaps Other current assets, other assets and other current liabilities $ 13 $ 51 $ 3,300 $ 42 $ — $ 1,800 Cross-currency swaps Other current liabilities — 108 2,750 — — — Foreign exchange forward contracts Other current assets and other current liabilities 2 — 121 2 2 122 Total derivatives $ 15 $ 159 $ 44 $ 2 |
Pre-tax Effect of Cash Flow Hedging Instruments on Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | The pre-tax effect of the Company’s cash flow hedging instruments on other comprehensive income is summarized in the following table: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Interest rate swaps $ (80) $ 62 $ 35 Foreign exchange forward contracts 2 3 (8) Total $ (78) $ 65 $ 27 |
Fair Value Measurements (Tables
Fair Value Measurements (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |
Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis | The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023: (in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Marketable securities $ 146 $ — $ — $ 146 Derivatives — 15 — 15 Total $ 146 $ 15 $ — $ 161 Liabilities: Derivatives $ — $ 159 $ — $ 159 Contingent consideration — — 106 106 Total $ — $ 159 $ 106 $ 265 The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022: (in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Marketable securities $ 122 $ — $ — $ 122 Derivatives — 44 — 44 Total $ 122 $ 44 $ — $ 166 Liabilities: Derivatives $ — $ 2 $ — $ 2 Contingent consideration — — 173 173 Total $ — $ 2 $ 173 $ 175 |
Changes in Level 3 Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis | The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis for the year ended December 31: Contingent Consideration (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Balance as of January 1 $ 173 $ 76 $ 119 Business combinations 64 134 39 Contingent consideration paid (73) (22) (39) Revaluations included in earnings and foreign currency translation adjustments (58) (15) (43) Balance as of December 31 $ 106 $ 173 $ 76 |
Property and Equipment (Tables)
Property and Equipment (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |
Summary of Major Classes of Property and Equipment | Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the asset’s estimated useful life or the lease term, if related to leased property, as follows: Buildings and leasehold improvements 3 - 40 years Equipment 3 - 10 years Furniture and fixtures 5 - 10 years Transportation equipment 3 - 20 years The major classes of property and equipment were as follows: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Land, buildings and leasehold improvements $ 376 $ 363 Equipment 803 852 Transportation equipment 81 83 Furniture and fixtures 66 74 Property and equipment, gross 1,326 1,372 Less accumulated depreciation (803) (840) Property and equipment, net $ 523 $ 532 |
Schedule of Property and Equipment Depreciation Expense | Property and equipment depreciation expense was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Depreciation expense $ 151 $ 160 $ 147 |
Goodwill and Identifiable Int_2
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Amortization Expense Associated with Identifiable Definite-Lived Intangible Assets | Amortization expense associated with other identifiable definite-lived intangible assets was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Amortization expense $ 974 $ 970 $ 1,117 |
Definite-Lived Identifiable Intangible Assets Amortized | Definite-lived other identifiable intangible assets are amortized primarily using an accelerated method that reflects the pattern in which the Company expects to benefit from the use of the asset over its estimated remaining useful life as follows: Client relationships and backlog 1 - 25 years Software and related assets 1 - 10 years Trademarks, trade names and other 1 - 17 years Databases 1 - 9 years Non-compete agreements 2 - 5 years The following is a summary of other identifiable intangible assets: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: Client relationships and backlog $ 5,688 $ (2,724) $ 2,964 $ 5,339 $ (2,332) $ 3,007 Software and related assets 3,629 (2,005) 1,624 3,106 (1,591) 1,515 Trademarks, trade names and other 548 (320) 228 545 (278) 267 Databases 1,837 (1,819) 18 1,817 (1,794) 23 Non-compete agreements 16 (11) 5 23 (15) 8 $ 11,718 $ (6,879) $ 4,839 $ 10,830 $ (6,010) $ 4,820 |
Schedule of Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets | The following is a summary of other identifiable intangible assets: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in millions) Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Gross Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Amount Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: Client relationships and backlog $ 5,688 $ (2,724) $ 2,964 $ 5,339 $ (2,332) $ 3,007 Software and related assets 3,629 (2,005) 1,624 3,106 (1,591) 1,515 Trademarks, trade names and other 548 (320) 228 545 (278) 267 Databases 1,837 (1,819) 18 1,817 (1,794) 23 Non-compete agreements 16 (11) 5 23 (15) 8 $ 11,718 $ (6,879) $ 4,839 $ 10,830 $ (6,010) $ 4,820 |
Summary of Goodwill by Segment | The following is a summary of goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in millions) Technology & Analytics Solutions Research & Development Solutions Contract Sales & Medical Solutions Consolidated Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 11,337 $ 1,802 $ 162 $ 13,301 Business combinations 554 472 — 1,026 Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other (371) (27) (8) (406) Balance as of December 31, 2022 11,520 2,247 154 13,921 Business combinations 352 181 — 533 Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other 104 11 (2) 113 Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 11,976 $ 2,439 $ 152 $ 14,567 |
Accrued Expenses (Tables)
Accrued Expenses (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Payables and Accruals [Abstract] | |
Accrued Expenses | Accrued expenses consist of the following: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Client contract related $ 1,315 $ 1,065 Compensation, including bonuses, fringe benefits and payroll taxes 968 980 Professional fees 112 99 Contingent consideration and deferred purchase price 27 90 Interest 66 43 Restructuring 36 26 Other 331 368 $ 2,855 $ 2,671 |
Credit Arrangements (Tables)
Credit Arrangements (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Summary of Credit Facilities | The following is a summary of the Company’s revolving credit facilities as of December 31, 2023: Facility Interest Rates $2,000 million (revolving credit facility) U.S. Dollar Term SOFR plus a margin of 1.25% plus a 10 basis credit spread adjustment as of December 31, 2023 $110 million (receivables financing facility) U.S. Dollar Term SOFR plus a margin of 0.90% plus a 11 basis credit spread adjustment as of December 31, 2023 |
Summary of Debt | The following table summarizes the Company’s debt at the dates indicated: December 31, (dollars in millions) 2023 2022 Revolving Credit Facility due 2026: U.S. Dollar denominated borrowings—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.71% $ 100 $ 425 Senior Secured Credit Facilities: Term A Loan due 2026—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.71% 1,270 1,343 Term A Loan due 2026—Euribor at average floating rates of 5.18% 306 314 Term A Loan due 2027—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.74% 1,156 1,219 Term B Loan due 2024—Euribor at average floating rates of —% — 1,172 Term B Loan due 2025—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of —% — 670 Term B Loan due 2025—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of —% — 860 Term B Loan due 2025—Euribor at average floating rates of 5.93% 576 559 Term B Loan due 2031—U.S Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 7.35% 1,500 — 5.700% Senior Secured Notes due 2028—U.S. Dollar denominated 750 — 6.250% Senior Secured Notes due 2029—U.S. Dollar denominated 1,250 — 5.0% Senior Notes due 2027—U.S. Dollar denominated 1,100 1,100 5.0% Senior Notes due 2026—U.S. Dollar denominated 1,050 1,050 6.500% Senior Notes due 2030—U.S. Dollar denominated 500 — 2.875% Senior Notes due 2025—Euro denominated 464 450 2.25% Senior Notes due 2028—Euro denominated 795 771 2.875% Senior Notes due 2028—Euro denominated 785 761 1.750% Senior Notes due 2026—Euro denominated 607 589 2.250% Senior Notes due 2029—Euro denominated 993 964 Receivables financing facility due 2024—U.S. Dollar Term SOFR at average floating rates of 6.36% Revolving Loan Commitment 110 110 Term Loan 440 440 Principal amount of debt 13,752 12,797 Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs (79) (50) Less: current portion (718) (152) Long-term debt $ 12,955 $ 12,595 |
Contractual Maturities of Long-term Debt | Contractual maturities of long-term debt as of December 31, 2023 are as follows: (in millions) 2024 $ 718 2025 1,207 2026 3,231 2027 2,084 2028 2,345 Thereafter 4,167 $ 13,752 |
Leases (Tables)
Leases (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Leases [Abstract] | |
Components of Lease Expense | The components of lease expense were as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Classification 2023 2022 2021 Operating lease cost (1) Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 160 $ 171 $ 184 Finance lease cost (1) Depreciation and amortization, and Interest expense 18 12 10 Total lease cost $ 178 $ 183 $ 194 (1) Includes variable lease costs, which are immaterial. |
Other Information Related to Leases | Other information related to leases was as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Supplemental Cash Flow: Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 175 $ 173 $ 175 Operating cash flows for finance leases $ 8 $ 5 $ — Financing cash flows for finance leases $ 3 $ 4 $ — Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases $ 59 $ 79 $ 81 Finance leases $ — $ 54 $ 44 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term: Operating leases 4.61 years 4.72 years 4.53 years Finance leases 20.67 years 21.64 years 21.28 years Weighted Average Discount Rate: Operating leases 3.81 % 3.12 % 3.36 % Finance leases 3.88 % 3.87 % 2.70 % |
Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Non-cancellable Leases | Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: (in millions) Operating Leases Finance Leases 2024 $ 117 $ 13 2025 96 13 2026 55 13 2027 36 14 2028 24 14 Thereafter 31 283 Total future minimum lease payments 359 350 Less imputed interest (29) (122) Total $ 330 $ 228 Reported as of December 31, 2023: Other current liabilities $ 107 $ — Operating lease liabilities 223 — Other liabilities — 228 Total $ 330 $ 228 |
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
Stockholders' Equity (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Share Repurchases Made Both Under and Outside of Repurchase Program | Below is a summary of the share repurchases made under the Repurchase Program: Year Ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data) 2023 2022 2021 Number of shares of common stock repurchased 5.0 5.5 1.7 Aggregate purchase price $ 992 $ 1,168 $ 395 Average price per share $ 196.89 $ 213.06 $ 238.22 |
Business Combinations (Tables)
Business Combinations (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed | The following table provides certain preliminary financial information for these acquisitions: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Assets acquired: Cash and cash equivalents $ 28 $ 33 Accounts receivable 44 — Other assets 9 115 Goodwill 533 1,026 Other identifiable intangibles 425 509 Liabilities assumed: Other liabilities (44) (103) Deferred income taxes, long-term (18) (93) Net assets acquired (1) $ 977 $ 1,487 (1) Net assets acquired include contingent consideration and deferred purchase price of $73 million and $139 million, respectively. |
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired as Part of Business Combination | The following table provides a summary of the preliminary estimated fair value of certain intangible assets acquired: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Amortization Period 2023 2022 Other identifiable intangibles: Client relationships 1 - 17 years $ 324 $ 382 Software and related assets 3 - 8 years 44 79 Backlog 1 - 4 years 51 24 Databases 3 - 7 years 4 11 Trade names 2 - 5 years 2 7 Non-compete agreements 3 - 5 years — 6 Total Other identifiable intangibles $ 425 $ 509 |
Restructuring (Tables)
Restructuring (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | |
Summary of Amounts Recorded for Restructuring Plans | The following amounts were recorded for the restructuring plans: (in millions) Severance and Related Costs Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 30 Expense, net of reversals 28 Payments (31) Foreign currency translation and other (1) Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ 26 Expense, net of reversals 84 Payments (74) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 36 |
Income Taxes (Tables)
Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Components of Income Before Income Taxes and Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Affiliates | The components of income before income taxes and equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated affiliates are as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Domestic $ 108 $ (45) $ (73) Foreign 1,351 1,408 1,201 $ 1,459 $ 1,363 $ 1,128 |
Components of Income Tax Expense Attributable to Continuing Operations | The components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations are as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Current expense: Federal and state $ 21 $ 24 $ 16 Foreign 349 358 293 370 382 309 Deferred (benefit) expense: Federal and state (236) (94) (106) Foreign (33) (28) (40) (269) (122) (146) $ 101 $ 260 $ 163 |
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | The differences between the Company’s consolidated income tax expense attributable to continuing operations and the expense computed at the United States statutory income tax rate of 21% were as follows: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Federal income tax expense at statutory rate $ 306 $ 286 $ 237 State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 16 (15) 2 Research and development (25) (19) (14) United States taxes recorded on foreign earnings(*) (41) (4) (29) Tax contingencies 17 14 3 Foreign Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”) (53) (41) (34) Foreign rate differential 45 38 17 Equity compensation — 2 (23) Valuation Allowance Release (102) — — Basis Difference Reversal (61) — — Other (1) (1) 4 $ 101 $ 260 $ 163 (*) Includes impact of GILTI, and other U.S. taxes on foreign earnings. |
Income Tax Effects of Temporary Differences from Continuing Operations that Give Rise to Significant Portions of Deferred Income Tax Assets (Liabilities) | The income tax effects of temporary differences from continuing operations that give rise to significant portions of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) are presented below: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Deferred income tax assets: Net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards $ 132 $ 145 Tax credit carryforwards 254 295 Accrued expenses and unearned income 103 90 Employee benefits 202 202 Lease liability 65 73 U.S. interest expense limitation 59 30 Other 81 52 Total deferred income tax assets 896 887 Valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets (166) (257) Total deferred income tax assets (net of valuation allowance) 730 630 Deferred income tax liabilities: Amortization and depreciation (590) (727) Lease right-of-use assets (56) (61) Foreign exchange on debt instruments (48) (125) Other (72) (63) Total deferred income tax liabilities (766) (976) Net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) $ (36) $ (346) |
Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Amount of Gross Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized income tax benefits is presented below: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Balance as of January 1 $ 122 $ 116 $ 118 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 53 13 7 Additions for income tax positions of prior years 8 20 16 Impact of changes in exchange rates 1 (2) (3) Settlements with tax authorities (6) (4) (2) Reductions for income tax positions of prior years (25) (11) (11) Reductions due to the lapse of the applicable statute of limitations (13) (10) (9) Balance as of December 31 $ 140 $ 122 $ 116 |
Summary of Tax Years Open for Examination | The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, files income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world. The following table summarizes the tax years that remain open for examination by tax authorities in the most significant jurisdictions in which the Company operates: United States 2020-2022 India 2006-2023 Japan 2017-2022 United Kingdom 2021-2022 Switzerland 2019-2022 |
Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)
Employee Benefit Plans (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Retirement Benefits [Abstract] | |
Summary of Changes in Benefit Obligation, Plan Assets and Funded Status of Pension Benefit Plans | The following table summarizes changes in the benefit obligation, the plan assets and the funded status of the pension benefit plans: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Obligation and funded status: Change in benefit obligation: Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 400 $ 488 $ 461 $ 652 Service costs 10 13 35 29 Interest cost 22 13 17 8 Actuarial losses 15 (101) 5 (144) Business combinations — — — 3 Benefits paid (13) (11) (20) (24) Contributions — — 3 2 Settlements — (2) (3) (4) Foreign currency fluctuations and other — — 27 (61) Projected benefit obligation at end of year 434 400 525 461 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 419 524 355 494 Actual return on plan assets 75 (97) 2 (97) Contributions 5 5 27 32 Benefits paid (13) (11) (20) (24) Settlements — (2) (3) (4) Business combinations — — — 1 Foreign currency fluctuations and other — — 18 (47) Fair value of plan assets at end of year 486 419 379 355 Funded status $ 52 $ 19 $ (146) $ (106) |
Summary of Amounts Recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheets | The following table summarizes the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets related to the pension benefit plans: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Deposits and other assets, net $ 87 $ 56 $ 49 $ 50 Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 4 $ 4 $ 12 $ 10 Other liabilities $ 31 $ 33 $ 183 $ 146 Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ 28 $ (2) $ (25) $ (6) |
Summary of Accumulated Benefit Obligation for Pension Benefit Plans | The following table summarizes the accumulated benefit obligation for all pension benefit plans: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Accumulated benefit obligation $ 430 $ 397 $ 480 $ 426 |
Summary of Pension Plans with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets and Projected Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets | The following table provides the information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets and projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets: Accumulated benefit obligation $ 41 $ 42 $ 251 $ 189 Fair value of plan assets $ 7 $ 6 $ 101 $ 64 Plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets: Projected benefit obligation $ 41 $ 43 $ 295 $ 243 Fair value of plan assets $ 7 $ 6 $ 101 $ 87 |
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | The components of net periodic benefit cost changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in comprehensive income were as follows: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 Service cost $ 10 $ 13 $ 14 $ 35 $ 29 $ 29 Interest cost 22 13 11 17 8 6 Expected return on plan assets (30) (38) (32) (17) (18) (20) Amortization of actuarial losses — 1 — (2) 1 1 Settlement gain — 1 — — (1) 1 Net periodic benefit cost 2 (10) (7) 33 19 17 Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive loss: Actuarial (gain) loss – current year (30) 31 (50) 19 (18) (39) Prior service cost – current year — — — — — (2) Total recognized in other comprehensive income (30) 31 (50) 19 (18) (41) Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income $ (28) $ 21 $ (57) $ 52 $ 1 $ (24) |
Schedule of Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Benefit Obligations | The weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost were as follows for the years ended December 31: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 Discount rate 5.65 % 3.08 % 2.84 % 3.59 % 1.46 % 1.00 % Rate of compensation increases 3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 % 2.93 % 2.57 % 2.55 % Expected return on plan assets 7.20 % 7.23 % 7.23 % 4.53 % 4.22 % 3.92 % The weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations were as follows as of December 31: Pension Benefits United States Plans Non-United States Plans 2023 2022 2023 2022 Discount rate 5.35 % 5.65 % 3.52 % 3.59 % Rate of compensation increases 3.00 % 3.00 % 2.78 % 2.93 % |
Schedule of Allocation of Pension Plan Assets | The Company’s pension plan target asset allocations and weighted average asset allocations, by asset category, were as follows: Plan Assets as of December 31, Target United States Plans Non-United States Plans Total Asset Category Allocation 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 Equity securities 40-65% 73 % 71 % — % 27 % 42 % 51 % Debt securities 10-40% 21 24 56 30 36 26 Real estate 0-5% 4 5 — — 2 3 Other 10-30% 2 — 44 43 20 20 Total 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % |
Summary of Plan Assets Measured at Fair Value | The following table summarizes United States plan assets measured at fair value: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Asset Category Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total (in millions) Domestic equities $ 33 $ — $ 33 $ 29 $ — $ 29 International equities 11 — 11 9 — 9 Corporate bonds 65 — 65 64 — 64 Real estate 21 — 21 19 — 19 Total assets in the fair value hierarchy 130 — 130 121 — 121 Assets measured at net asset value (“NAV”) (1) — — 356 — — 298 Total $ 130 $ — $ 486 $ 121 $ — $ 419 The following table summarizes non-United States plan assets measured at fair value: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Asset Category Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total (in millions) International equities $ 1 $ 1 $ 2 $ — $ 4 $ 4 Debt issued by national, state or local government 2 210 212 3 103 106 Investments funds — 10 10 — 10 10 Insurance contracts — 145 145 — 133 133 Other 3 7 10 3 6 9 Total assets in the fair value hierarchy 6 373 379 6 256 262 Assets measured at NAV (1) — — — — — 93 Total $ 6 $ 373 $ 379 $ 6 $ 256 $ 355 (1) Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value ("NAV") per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the above plan asset tables are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value of plan assets in the fair value hierarchy to the plan asset amounts presented in the above funded status table as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. |
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments, Net of Expected Participants Contributions for Pension Benefits | The following benefit payments (net of expected participant contributions) for pension benefits are expected to be paid as follows: (in millions) 2024 $ 48 2025 50 2026 53 2027 56 2028 58 Years 2029 through 2033 325 $ 590 |
Estimated Fair Value of Stock Options and SARs | The Company used the following assumptions when estimating the value of the stock-based compensation for Stock Settled SARs granted as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Expected volatility 29 – 35% 28 – 34% 27 – 31% Weighted average expected volatility 32% 30% 29% Expected dividends 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Expected term (in years) 2.4 – 5.4 3.3 – 6.3 3.6 – 6.6 Risk-free interest rate 3.38 – 4.75% 1.84 –4.22% 0.28 – 1.40% |
Summary of Stock Option Activity | The Company’s stock option activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: (in millions, except number of options and exercise price) Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 320,353 $ 54.99 $ 48 Exercised (145,382) 46.13 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 174,971 $ 62.35 $ 30 |
Schedule of Stock Appreciation Rights Activity | The Company’s SSR activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: (in millions, except number of SSRs and exercise price) Number of SSRs Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 4,055,769 $ 134.36 $ 304 Granted 399,427 231.86 Exercised (535,982) 122.94 Canceled (56,504) 218.68 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 3,862,710 $ 144.79 $ 342 |
Summary of Performance Award Activity | The Company’s performance award activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: Number of Performance Awards Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 642,701 $ 216.00 Granted 359,588 229.88 Additional goal achievement shares 176,329 169.76 Vested (380,386) 173.74 Canceled (52,162) 232.93 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 746,070 $ 232.13 |
Schedule of Restricted Stock Units Activity | The Company’s RSU activity in the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows: Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-Date Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 896,733 $ 215.16 Granted (1) 443,009 227.84 Vested (379,871) 197.56 Canceled (71,015) 220.79 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 888,856 $ 228.55 (1) Pursuant to the IQVIA Holdings Inc. Non-Employee Director Deferral Plan (the “Director Deferral Plan”), non-employee directors may elect to defer receipt of their cash retainers. If a director elects to defer his or her retainer, he or she will instead be credited with that value in deferred shares under the Director Deferral Plan. Deferred shares become payable in Company common stock following a termination of the director’s Board service or the director’s death, or upon a change in control of the Company. The Company granted 1,782 deferred RSUs in 2023. |
Property, Equipment and Softw_2
Property, Equipment and Software by Geography (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Property Equipment And Software By Geography [Abstract] | |
Property, Equipment and Software, Net, by Geographic Region | The following table represents the Company’s property, equipment and software, net, by geographic region, which is further broken down to show each country that accounts for 10% or more of the totals: December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 Property, equipment and software, net: Americas: United States $ 1,820 $ 1,699 Other 97 99 Americas 1,917 1,798 Europe and Africa 193 196 Asia-Pacific 36 53 Total property, equipment and software, net $ 2,146 $ 2,047 |
Segments (Tables)
Segments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
Reconciliation of Revenues and Income from Segments to Consolidated | Asset information by segment is not presented, as this measure is not used by the chief operating decision maker to assess the Company’s performance. The Company’s reportable segment information is presented below: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Revenues Technology & Analytics Solutions $ 5,862 $ 5,746 $ 5,534 Research & Development Solutions 8,395 7,921 7,556 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 727 743 784 Total revenues 14,984 14,410 13,874 Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization Technology & Analytics Solutions 3,496 3,348 3,278 Research & Development Solutions 5,629 5,395 5,303 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 620 639 652 Total cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization 9,745 9,382 9,233 Selling, general and administrative expenses Technology & Analytics Solutions 876 848 798 Research & Development Solutions 851 831 777 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 58 62 57 General corporate and unallocated 268 330 332 Total selling, general and administrative expenses 2,053 2,071 1,964 Segment profit Technology & Analytics Solutions 1,490 1,550 1,458 Research & Development Solutions 1,915 1,695 1,476 Contract Sales & Medical Solutions 49 42 75 Total segment profit 3,454 3,287 3,009 General corporate and unallocated (268) (330) (332) Depreciation and amortization (1,125) (1,130) (1,264) Restructuring costs (84) (28) (20) Total income from operations $ 1,977 $ 1,799 $ 1,393 |
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
Earnings Per Share (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |
Reconciles the Basic to Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding | The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Year Ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data) 2023 2022 2021 Numerator: Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. $ 1,358 $ 1,091 $ 966 Denominator: Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 183.8 187.6 191.4 Effect of dilutive stock options and share awards 2.5 3.0 3.6 Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 186.3 190.6 195.0 Earnings per share attributable to common stockholders: Basic $ 7.39 $ 5.82 $ 5.05 Diluted $ 7.29 $ 5.72 $ 4.95 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Equity [Abstract] | |
Summary of Components of AOCI | Below is a summary of the components of AOCI: (in millions) Foreign Currency Translation Derivative Instruments Defined Benefit Plans Income Taxes Total Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ (395) $ (48) $ (85) $ 323 $ (205) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (165) 11 90 (139) (203) Reclassification adjustments — 16 — (4) 12 Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest (10) — — — (10) Balance as of December 31, 2021 (570) (21) 5 180 (406) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (255) 53 (13) (116) (331) Reclassification adjustments — 12 — (2) 10 Balance as of December 31, 2022 (825) 44 (8) 62 (727) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (144) (10) 11 54 (89) Reclassification adjustments — (68) — 17 (51) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ (969) $ (34) $ 3 $ 133 $ (867) |
Summary of Adjustments for (Gains) Losses Reclassified from AOCI into Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Affected Financial Statement Line Item | Below is a summary of the adjustments for amounts reclassified from AOCI into the consolidated statements of income and the affected financial statement line item: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) Affected Financial Statement Line Item 2023 2022 2021 Derivative instruments: Interest rate swaps Interest expense $ 47 $ (22) $ (21) Foreign exchange forward contracts Revenues 21 10 5 Total before income taxes 68 (12) (16) Income taxes 17 (2) (4) Total net of income taxes $ 51 $ (10) $ (12) |
Supplemental Cash Flow Inform_2
Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract] | |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information | The following table presents the Company’s supplemental cash flow information: Year Ended December 31, (in millions) 2023 2022 2021 Supplemental Cash Flow Information: Interest paid, net $ 556 $ 379 $ 343 Income taxes paid, net of refunds $ 340 $ 255 $ 222 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) Employee in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Employee Country | Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) | |
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | |||
Number of employees | Employee | 87 | ||
Capitalized and amortized expense related to software and related assets | $ 475,000,000 | $ 419,000,000 | $ 211,000,000 |
Impairment charges recognized | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Minimum | |||
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | |||
Number of countries | Country | 100 | ||
Subscription arrangements terms | 1 year | ||
Maximum | |||
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | |||
Subscription arrangements terms | 3 years |
Summary of Significant Accoun_5
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property and Equipment at Cost Using Straight-Line Method (Detail) | Dec. 31, 2023 |
Buildings and leasehold improvements | Minimum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 3 years |
Buildings and leasehold improvements | Maximum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 40 years |
Equipment | Minimum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 3 years |
Equipment | Maximum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 10 years |
Furniture and fixtures | Minimum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 5 years |
Furniture and fixtures | Maximum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 10 years |
Transportation equipment | Minimum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 3 years |
Transportation equipment | Maximum | |
Property, Plant and Equipment | |
Property and equipment, Estimated useful life, Years | 20 years |
Summary of Significant Accoun_6
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets amortized (Detail) | Dec. 31, 2023 |
Client relationships and backlog | Minimum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 1 year |
Client relationships and backlog | Maximum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 25 years |
Software and related assets | Minimum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 1 year |
Software and related assets | Maximum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 10 years |
Trademarks, trade names and other | Minimum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 1 year |
Trademarks, trade names and other | Maximum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 17 years |
Databases | Minimum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 1 year |
Databases | Maximum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 9 years |
Non-compete agreements | Minimum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 2 years |
Non-compete agreements | Maximum | |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets | |
Definite-lived intangible assets, Estimated useful life, Years | 5 years |
Revenues by Geography, Concen_3
Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations - Summary of Revenues by Geographical Region and Reportable Segment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | $ 14,984 | $ 14,410 | $ 13,874 |
Americas | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 7,552 | 7,048 | 6,848 |
Europe and Africa | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 4,459 | 4,366 | 4,357 |
Asia-Pacific | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 2,973 | 2,996 | 2,669 |
Technology & Analytics Solutions | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 5,862 | 5,746 | 5,534 |
Technology & Analytics Solutions | Americas | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 3,091 | 2,947 | 2,610 |
Technology & Analytics Solutions | Europe and Africa | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 2,156 | 2,175 | 2,282 |
Technology & Analytics Solutions | Asia-Pacific | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 615 | 624 | 642 |
Research & Development Solutions | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 8,395 | 7,921 | 7,556 |
Research & Development Solutions | Americas | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 4,157 | 3,747 | 3,887 |
Research & Development Solutions | Europe and Africa | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 2,103 | 2,016 | 1,899 |
Research & Development Solutions | Asia-Pacific | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 2,135 | 2,158 | 1,770 |
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 727 | 743 | 784 |
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | Americas | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 304 | 354 | 351 |
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | Europe and Africa | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | 200 | 175 | 176 |
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | Asia-Pacific | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Total revenues | $ 223 | $ 214 | $ 257 |
Revenues by Geography, Concen_4
Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations - Credit Risk (Detail) - Geographic Concentration Risk - Revenue | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
United States | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Concentration risk | 45% | 42% | 42% |
United Kingdom | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue | |||
Concentration risk | 11% |
Revenues by Geography, Concen_5
Revenues by Geography, Concentration of Credit Risk and Remaining Performance Obligations - Future Obligations (Detail) $ in Billions | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) |
Disaggregation of Revenue | |
Revenue expected to be recognized in future from remaining performance obligations | $ 31.7 |
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date: 2022-01-01 | |
Disaggregation of Revenue | |
Percentage of remaining performance obligations on which revenue is expected to be recognized | 30% |
Unearned income recognition period | 12 months |
Trade Accounts Receivable, Un_3
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income - Trade Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Services (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Receivables [Abstract] | ||
Trade accounts receivable | $ 1,473 | $ 1,329 |
Unbilled services | 1,942 | 1,624 |
Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services | 3,415 | 2,953 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (34) | (36) |
Trade accounts receivable and unbilled services, net | $ 3,381 | $ 2,917 |
Trade Accounts Receivable, Un_4
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income - Schedule of Net Contract Assets (Liabilities) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Unbilled services | ||
Unbilled services, beginning balance | $ 1,624 | |
Change | 318 | |
Unbilled services, ending balance | 1,942 | |
Unearned income | ||
Unearned income, beginning balance | (1,797) | |
Change | (2) | |
Unearned income, ending balance | (1,799) | |
Net balance | 143 | $ (173) |
Decrease of net balance of unbilled services and unearned income | $ 316 |
Trade Accounts Receivable, Un_5
Trade Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Unearned Income - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Receivables [Abstract] | ||
Unbilled receivables (percentage) | 68% | 61% |
Contract assets (percentage) | 32% | 39% |
Increase in unbilled services | $ 318 | |
Increase in unearned income | 2 | |
Decrease of net balance of unbilled services and unearned income | 316 | |
Trade accounts receivable | 699 | $ 608 |
Cash proceeds from trade accounts | $ 686 | $ 600 |
Investments - Investments in an
Investments - Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | $ 134 | $ 94 |
NQ Fund V | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 35 | 29 |
NostraData Pty Ltd. (“NostraData”) | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 18 | 18 |
NQ Fund IV | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 6 | 8 |
NQ PE Fund I | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 10 | 8 |
Longwood Fund V, L.P. ("Longwood") | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 7 | 6 |
RxWare (formerly "Helparound") | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 2 | 2 |
NQ Fund III | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 1 | 1 |
Other | ||
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates | ||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | $ 55 | $ 22 |
Investments - Summary of Invest
Investments - Summary of Investments in Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities and Estimated Maximum Exposure to Loss (Detail) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | $ 26,681,000,000 | $ 25,337,000,000 |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 107,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | 371,000,000 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | NQ Fund III | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 1,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | 6,000,000 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | NQ Fund IV | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 6,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | 7,000,000 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | NQ Fund V | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 35,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | 44,000,000 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | NQ PE Fund I | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 10,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | 11,000,000 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Longwood | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 7,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | 10,000,000 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Other | ||
Variable Interest Entity | ||
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 48,000,000 | |
Maximum Exposure to Loss | $ 293,000,000 |
Derivatives - Additional Inform
Derivatives - Additional Information (Detail) € in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Country | Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€) Country | Nov. 17, 2023 USD ($) | Nov. 15, 2023 | Jan. 03, 2023 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) | Jun. 04, 2020 USD ($) | Mar. 27, 2020 USD ($) | Jul. 19, 2018 USD ($) | |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Gains related to contracts | $ 2,000,000 | $ 2,000,000 | ||||||||
Losses related to contracts | 0 | 2,000,000 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange losses related to net investment hedge | (102,000,000) | 332,000,000 | $ 475,000,000 | |||||||
Foreign currency unrealized loss expected to be reclassified in the next 12 months | 48,000,000 | |||||||||
Foreign currency denominated debt | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Borrowings, net of original issue discount | $ 2,703,000,000 | € 2,449 | ||||||||
Senior Secured Notes Due 2029, 6.250% | USD | Senior Notes | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Derivative variable interest rates | 4.8555% | |||||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term B-4 Dollar Loans | USD | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Derivative variable interest rates | 4.9015% | |||||||||
Minimum | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Number of countries | Country | 100 | 100 | ||||||||
Foreign Exchange Risk | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Notional amount | $ 122,000,000 | |||||||||
2018 Swaps | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Notional amount | $ 500,000,000 | |||||||||
Derivative fixed interest rate | 2.75% | |||||||||
Interest rate swaps | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Notional amount | $ 1,500,000,000 | $ 1,000,000,000 | $ 300,000,000 | $ 1,000,000,000 | ||||||
Derivative fixed interest rate | 6.11% | 4.10% | 0.32% | 0.56% | ||||||
Variable rate | 2% | |||||||||
Interest rate swap, fixed interest rate debt percent | 84% | 84% | ||||||||
Interest rate swaps, variable rate debt percent | 16% | 16% | ||||||||
Cross Currency Interest Rate Contract | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Losses related to contracts | $ 108,000,000 | |||||||||
Interest rate reduction | 3,000,000 | |||||||||
Cross Currency Interest Rate Contract | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Other Current Liabilities | ||||||||||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | ||||||||||
Notional amount | $ 2,750,000,000 | $ 0 |
Derivatives - Summary of Fair V
Derivatives - Summary of Fair Values of Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedges (Detail) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 | Nov. 17, 2023 | Jan. 03, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Jun. 04, 2020 | Mar. 27, 2020 |
Derivatives, Fair Value | ||||||
Assets | $ 15,000,000 | $ 44,000,000 | ||||
Liabilities | 159,000,000 | 2,000,000 | ||||
Interest rate swaps | ||||||
Derivatives, Fair Value | ||||||
Notional | $ 1,500,000,000 | $ 1,000,000,000 | $ 300,000,000 | $ 1,000,000,000 | ||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Other current assets, other assets and other current liabilities | Interest rate swaps | ||||||
Derivatives, Fair Value | ||||||
Assets | 13,000,000 | 42,000,000 | ||||
Liabilities | 51,000,000 | 0 | ||||
Notional | 3,300,000,000 | 1,800,000,000 | ||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Other Current Liabilities | Cross Currency Interest Rate Contract | ||||||
Derivatives, Fair Value | ||||||
Assets | 0 | 0 | ||||
Liabilities | 108,000,000 | 0 | ||||
Notional | 2,750,000,000 | 0 | ||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Other current assets and other current liabilities | Foreign exchange forward contracts | ||||||
Derivatives, Fair Value | ||||||
Assets | 2,000,000 | 2,000,000 | ||||
Liabilities | 0 | 2,000,000 | ||||
Notional | $ 121,000,000 | $ 122,000,000 |
Derivatives - Pre-tax Effect of
Derivatives - Pre-tax Effect of Cash Flow Hedging Instruments on Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | |||
Effect of cash flow hedging instruments on other comprehensive income (loss) | $ (78) | $ 65 | $ 27 |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | |||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | |||
Effect of cash flow hedging instruments on other comprehensive income (loss) | 2 | 3 | (8) |
Interest rate swaps | |||
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures | |||
Effect of cash flow hedging instruments on other comprehensive income (loss) | $ (80) | $ 62 | $ 35 |
Fair Value Measurements - Addit
Fair Value Measurements - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Percentage accrued of maximum consideration payments to become payable | 40% | |
Identifiable intangible assets | $ 4,839 | $ 4,820 |
Level 1 and Level 2 | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Fair value of total debt | 13,597 | $ 12,281 |
Level 3 | Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements | ||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis | ||
Total | 19,619 | |
Cost and equity method investments | 213 | |
Goodwill | 14,567 | |
Identifiable intangible assets | $ 4,839 |
Fair Value Measurements - Fair
Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Assets: | ||
Marketable securities | $ 120 | $ 93 |
Derivatives | $ 15 | 44 |
Liabilities: | ||
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] | Other current liabilities | |
Recurring | ||
Assets: | ||
Marketable securities | $ 146 | 122 |
Derivatives | 15 | 44 |
Total | 161 | 166 |
Liabilities: | ||
Derivatives | 159 | 2 |
Contingent consideration | 106 | 173 |
Total | 265 | 175 |
Level 1 | Recurring | ||
Assets: | ||
Marketable securities | 146 | 122 |
Derivatives | 0 | 0 |
Total | 146 | 122 |
Liabilities: | ||
Derivatives | 0 | 0 |
Contingent consideration | 0 | 0 |
Total | 0 | 0 |
Level 2 | Recurring | ||
Assets: | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
Derivatives | 15 | 44 |
Total | 15 | 44 |
Liabilities: | ||
Derivatives | 159 | 2 |
Contingent consideration | 0 | 0 |
Total | 159 | 2 |
Level 3 | Recurring | ||
Assets: | ||
Marketable securities | 0 | 0 |
Derivatives | 0 | 0 |
Total | 0 | 0 |
Liabilities: | ||
Derivatives | 0 | 0 |
Contingent consideration | 106 | 173 |
Total | $ 106 | $ 173 |
Fair Value Measurements - Chang
Fair Value Measurements - Changes in Level 3 Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis (Detail) - Contingent Consideration - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation | |||
Balance as of January 1 | $ 173 | $ 76 | $ 119 |
Business combinations | 64 | 134 | 39 |
Contingent consideration paid | (73) | (22) | (39) |
Revaluations included in earnings and foreign currency translation adjustments | (58) | (15) | (43) |
Balance as of December 31 | $ 106 | $ 173 | $ 76 |
Property and Equipment - Summar
Property and Equipment - Summary of Major Classes of Property and Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Property, Plant and Equipment | ||
Property and equipment, gross | $ 1,326 | $ 1,372 |
Less accumulated depreciation | (803) | (840) |
Property and equipment, net | 523 | 532 |
Land, buildings and leasehold improvements | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment | ||
Property and equipment, gross | 376 | 363 |
Equipment | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment | ||
Property and equipment, gross | 803 | 852 |
Furniture and fixtures | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment | ||
Property and equipment, gross | 66 | 74 |
Transportation equipment | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment | ||
Property and equipment, gross | $ 81 | $ 83 |
Property and Equipment -Schedul
Property and Equipment -Schedule of Property and Equipment Depreciation Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |||
Depreciation expense | $ 151 | $ 160 | $ 147 |
Goodwill and Identifiable Int_3
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Identifiable intangible assets | $ 4,839,000,000 | $ 4,820,000,000 | |
Estimated amortization expense, 2022 | 911,000,000 | ||
Estimated amortization expense, 2023 | 803,000,000 | ||
Estimated amortization expense, 2024 | 665,000,000 | ||
Estimated amortization expense, 2025 | 519,000,000 | ||
Estimated amortization expense, 2026 | 201,000,000 | ||
Goodwill impairment losses | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Goodwill and Identifiable Int_4
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets - Summary of Amortization Expense Associated with Identifiable Definite-Lived Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Amortization expense | $ 974 | $ 970 | $ 1,117 |
Goodwill and Identifiable Int_5
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets - Summary of Identifiable Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: | ||
Gross Amount | $ 11,718 | $ 10,830 |
Accumulated Amortization | (6,879) | (6,010) |
Net Amount | 4,839 | 4,820 |
Client relationships and backlog | ||
Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: | ||
Gross Amount | 5,688 | 5,339 |
Accumulated Amortization | (2,724) | (2,332) |
Net Amount | 2,964 | 3,007 |
Databases | ||
Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: | ||
Gross Amount | 1,837 | 1,817 |
Accumulated Amortization | (1,819) | (1,794) |
Net Amount | 18 | 23 |
Trademarks, trade names and other | ||
Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: | ||
Gross Amount | 548 | 545 |
Accumulated Amortization | (320) | (278) |
Net Amount | 228 | 267 |
Software and related assets | ||
Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: | ||
Gross Amount | 3,629 | 3,106 |
Accumulated Amortization | (2,005) | (1,591) |
Net Amount | 1,624 | 1,515 |
Non-compete agreements | ||
Definite-lived identifiable intangible assets: | ||
Gross Amount | 16 | 23 |
Accumulated Amortization | (11) | (15) |
Net Amount | $ 5 | $ 8 |
Goodwill and Identifiable Int_6
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets - Summary of Goodwill by Segment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Goodwill | ||
Beginning Balance | $ 13,921 | $ 13,301 |
Business combinations | 533 | 1,026 |
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other | 113 | (406) |
Ending Balance | 14,567 | 13,921 |
Technology & Analytics Solutions | ||
Goodwill | ||
Beginning Balance | 11,520 | 11,337 |
Business combinations | 352 | 554 |
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other | 104 | (371) |
Ending Balance | 11,976 | 11,520 |
Research & Development Solutions | ||
Goodwill | ||
Beginning Balance | 2,247 | 1,802 |
Business combinations | 181 | 472 |
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other | 11 | (27) |
Ending Balance | 2,439 | 2,247 |
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | ||
Goodwill | ||
Beginning Balance | 154 | 162 |
Business combinations | 0 | 0 |
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations and other | (2) | (8) |
Ending Balance | $ 152 | $ 154 |
Accrued Expenses - Accrued Expe
Accrued Expenses - Accrued Expenses (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Payables and Accruals [Abstract] | ||
Compensation, including bonuses, fringe benefits and payroll taxes | $ 968 | $ 980 |
Restructuring | 36 | 26 |
Interest | 66 | 43 |
Client contract related | 1,315 | 1,065 |
Professional fees | 112 | 99 |
Contingent consideration and deferred purchase price | 27 | 90 |
Other | 331 | 368 |
Total | $ 2,855 | $ 2,671 |
Credit Arrangements - Summary o
Credit Arrangements - Summary of Credit Facilities (Detail) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) | |
Revolving credit facility | |
Line of Credit Facility | |
Interest Rate Description | U.S. Dollar Term SOFR plus a margin of 1.25% plus a 10 basis credit spread adjustment as of December 31, 2023 |
USD Revolving Credit Facility | Revolving credit facility | |
Line of Credit Facility | |
Facility | $ 2,000 |
Interest rate spread on base rate | 0.10% |
USD Revolving Credit Facility | Revolving credit facility | SOFR | |
Line of Credit Facility | |
Rate | 1.25% |
Interest rate spread on base rate | 0.10% |
Term Loan | |
Line of Credit Facility | |
Interest Rate Description | U.S. Dollar Term SOFR plus a margin of 0.90% plus a 11 basis credit spread adjustment as of December 31, 2023 |
Term Loan | Line of Credit | |
Line of Credit Facility | |
Facility | $ 110 |
Term Loan | Line of Credit | SOFR | |
Line of Credit Facility | |
Rate | 0.90% |
Interest rate spread on base rate | 0.11% |
Credit Arrangements - Summary_2
Credit Arrangements - Summary of Debt (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Nov. 28, 2023 | May 23, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Jun. 16, 2022 | |
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 13,752 | $ 12,797 | |||
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs | (79) | (50) | |||
Less: current portion | (718) | (152) | |||
Long-term debt, less current portion | $ 12,955 | 12,595 | |||
Senior Notes Due 2030, 6.500% | Senior Notes | USD | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 500 | 0 | |||
Rate | 6.50% | ||||
Senior Secured Notes Due 2028, 5.700% | Senior Notes | USD | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 750 | 0 | |||
Rate | 5.70% | ||||
Senior Secured Notes Due 2029, 6.250% | Senior Notes | USD | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,250 | 0 | |||
Rate | 6.25% | ||||
USD | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Average floating rate | 6.36% | ||||
USD | Senior Secured Facilities, Term A Loan | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,250 | ||||
USD | 5.0% Senior Notes | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Rate | 5% | ||||
USD | Senior Secured Facilities, Term B-4 Dollar Loans | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,500 | 0 | |||
USD | Revolving credit facility | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 100 | 425 | |||
Average floating rate | 6.71% | ||||
USD | Due in 2024 | Receivables Financing Facility | LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 440 | 440 | |||
USD | Due in 2024 | Revolving credit facility | Receivables Financing Facility | LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | 110 | 110 | |||
USD | Due in 2025 | Senior Secured Facilities, Term B Loan | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 0 | 670 | |||
Average floating rate | 0% | ||||
USD | Due in 2025 | Senior Secured Additional Term B Loan | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 0 | 860 | |||
Average floating rate | 0% | ||||
USD | Due in 2025 | Senior Secured Facilities, Term B-4 Dollar Loans | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Average floating rate | 7.35% | ||||
USD | Due in 2026 | Senior Secured Term A Loan At One Point Thirty Three Percent | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,270 | 1,343 | |||
Average floating rate | 6.71% | ||||
USD | Due in 2026 | Senior Secured Term A Loan At One Point Twenty Five Pecent | EURO LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 306 | 314 | |||
USD | Due in 2026 | 5.0% Senior Notes | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,050 | 1,050 | |||
Rate | 5% | ||||
USD | Due in 2027 | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Average floating rate | 6.74% | ||||
USD | Due in 2027 | 5.0% Senior Notes | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,100 | 1,100 | |||
USD | Due in 2027 | Senior Secured Term A Loan At Five Point Six Seven Percent | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | 1,156 | 1,219 | |||
EUR | Due in 2024 | Senior Secured Facilities, Term B Loan | EURO LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 0 | 1,172 | |||
Average floating rate | 0% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2025 | EURO LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Average floating rate | 5.93% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2025 | Senior Secured Additional Term B Loan | EURO LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 576 | 559 | |||
EUR | Due in 2025 | 2.875% Senior Notes | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 464 | 450 | |||
Rate | 2.875% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2026 | Senior Secured Term A Loan At One Point Twenty Five Pecent | EURO LIBOR | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Average floating rate | 5.18% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2026 | 1.75% Senior Notes due 2026 | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 607 | 589 | |||
Rate | 1.75% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2028 | 2.875% Senior Notes | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 785 | 761 | |||
Rate | 2.875% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2028 | Three Point Five Percentage Senior Notes | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 795 | 771 | |||
Rate | 2.25% | ||||
EUR | Due in 2029 | 2.250% Senior Notes due 2029—Euro denominated | Senior Notes | |||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities: | |||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 993 | $ 964 | |||
Rate | 2.25% |
Credit Arrangements - Contractu
Credit Arrangements - Contractual Maturities of Long-term Debt (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Contractual Maturities | ||
2024 | $ 718 | |
2025 | 1,207 | |
2026 | 3,231 | |
2027 | 2,084 | |
2028 | 2,345 | |
Thereafter | 4,167 | |
Principal amount of debt | $ 13,752 | $ 12,797 |
Credit Arrangements - Senior Cr
Credit Arrangements - Senior Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||||||
May 23, 2023 | Oct. 13, 2022 | Jun. 16, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Nov. 28, 2023 | Apr. 17, 2023 | |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 13,752 | $ 12,797 | ||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 6 | 0 | $ 26 | |||||
Revolving credit facility | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Repayments of debt | $ 950 | |||||||
Revolving credit facility | USD | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | 100 | 425 | ||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term A Loan | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Debt Instrument, Credit Spread Adjustment | 0.10% | |||||||
Debt Instrument, Term Floor, Percent | 0% | |||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term A Loan | Minimum | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Interest rate spread on base rate | 1.125% | |||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term A Loan | Maximum | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Interest rate spread on base rate | 2% | |||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term A Loan | USD | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 1,250 | |||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term B Loan | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Repayments of debt | $ 510 | |||||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | 4,908 | |||||||
Facility | 6,808 | |||||||
Available borrowing capacity | 1,900 | |||||||
Current borrowing capacity | 2,000 | |||||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities, Available in US Dollars, Euro, Swiss Francs, And Other Foreign Currencies | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Facility | $ 2,000 | |||||||
Current borrowing capacity | 600 | |||||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities, Available in US Dollars, Euro, Swiss Francs, And Other Foreign Currencies | USD | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Current borrowing capacity | 1,175 | |||||||
Senior Secured Credit Facilities, Available In US Dollars And Yen | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Current borrowing capacity | 225 | |||||||
Senior Secured Term B Loan 1.85% | USD | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | Due in 2024 | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 500 | |||||||
USD Revolving Credit Facility | Revolving credit facility | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Facility | $ 2,000 | |||||||
Interest rate spread on base rate | 0.10% | |||||||
Senior Secured Notes Due 2028, 5.700% | USD | Senior Notes | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 750 | 0 | ||||||
Rate | 5.70% | |||||||
Senior Notes Due 2030, 6.500% | USD | Senior Notes | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 500 | 0 | ||||||
Rate | 6.50% | |||||||
Senior Notes Due 2030, 6.500% | Minimum | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Redemption price (as a percent) | 0% | |||||||
Senior Notes Due 2030, 6.500% | Maximum | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Redemption price (as a percent) | 3.25% | |||||||
Senior Secured Notes Due 2029, 6.250% | USD | Senior Notes | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | 0 | $ 1,250 | ||||||
Rate | 6.25% | |||||||
Senior Secured Facilities, Term B-4 Dollar Loans | USD | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Principal amount of debt | $ 0 | $ 1,500 |
Credit Arrangements - Senior No
Credit Arrangements - Senior Notes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amount of debt | $ 13,752 | $ 12,797 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 6 | 0 | $ 26 |
EUR | Senior Notes | 1.75% Senior Notes due 2026 | Due in 2026 | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amount of debt | $ 607 | 589 | |
Rate | 1.75% | ||
EUR | Senior Notes | 2.250% Senior Notes due 2029—Euro denominated | Due in 2029 | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amount of debt | $ 993 | 964 | |
Rate | 2.25% | ||
EUR | Senior Notes | 2.875% Senior Notes | Due in 2025 | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amount of debt | $ 464 | 450 | |
Rate | 2.875% | ||
EUR | Senior Notes | 2.875% Senior Notes | Due in 2028 | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amount of debt | $ 785 | 761 | |
Rate | 2.875% | ||
EUR | Senior Notes | Three Point Five Percentage Senior Notes | Due in 2028 | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amount of debt | $ 795 | $ 771 | |
Rate | 2.25% |
Credit Arrangements - Receivabl
Credit Arrangements - Receivables Financing Facility (Details) - Bankruptcy-remote Special Purpose Entity ("SPE") - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Aug. 13, 2021 |
Accounts Receivable Financing Facility, Term Loan | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
Long-term line of credit | $ 440 | |
Accounts Receivable Financing Facility, Revolving Loan Commitment | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
Long-term line of credit | $ 110 | |
Pledged receivables to secure credit facility | $ 1,566 |
Leases - Components of Lease Ex
Leases - Components of Lease Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Lessee, Lease, Description | |||
Total lease cost | $ 178 | $ 183 | $ 194 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||
Lessee, Lease, Description | |||
Operating lease cost | 160 | 171 | 184 |
Depreciation and amortization, and Interest expense | |||
Lessee, Lease, Description | |||
Finance Lease Costs | $ 18 | $ 12 | $ 10 |
Leases - Other Information Rela
Leases - Other Information Related to Leases (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | |||
Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ 175 | $ 173 | $ 175 |
Operating cash flows for finance leases | 8 | 5 | 0 |
Financing cash flows for finance leases | 3 | 4 | 0 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: | |||
Operating leases | 59 | 79 | 81 |
Finance leases | $ 0 | $ 54 | $ 44 |
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term: | |||
Operating leases | 4 years 7 months 9 days | 4 years 8 months 19 days | 4 years 6 months 10 days |
Finance leases | 20 years 8 months 1 day | 21 years 7 months 20 days | 21 years 3 months 10 days |
Weighted Average Discount Rate: | |||
Operating leases | 3.81% | 3.12% | 3.36% |
Finance leases | 3.88% | 3.87% | 2.70% |
Leases - Future Minimum Lease P
Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Non-cancellable Leases (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Operating Leases | ||
2024 | $ 117 | |
2025 | 96 | |
2026 | 55 | |
2027 | 36 | |
2028 | 24 | |
Thereafter | 31 | |
Total future minimum lease payments | 359 | |
Less imputed interest | (29) | |
Total | 330 | |
Other current liabilities | $ 107 | |
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position | Other current liabilities | |
Operating lease liabilities | $ 223 | $ 264 |
Total | 330 | |
Finance Leases | ||
2024 | 13 | |
2025 | 13 | |
2026 | 13 | |
2027 | 14 | |
2028 | 14 | |
Thereafter | 283 | |
Total future minimum lease payments | 350 | |
Less imputed interest | (122) | |
Total | 228 | |
Other current liabilities | $ 0 | |
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position | Other current liabilities | |
Other liabilities | $ 228 | |
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position | Other liabilities | |
Total | $ 228 |
Contingencies - Additional Info
Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) | May 24, 2019 medical_doctor | Sep. 11, 2017 medical_doctor | Sep. 11, 2017 private_individual | Mar. 13, 2017 USD ($) | Feb. 23, 2015 employees private_individual | Feb. 13, 2014 medical_doctor | Feb. 13, 2014 private_individual | Feb. 13, 2014 Defendant |
KPIC | ||||||||
Loss Contingencies | ||||||||
Number of plaintiffs | 247 | 280 | 200 | 1,200 | 900 | |||
Number of defendants | Defendant | 2 | |||||||
Seoul Central District Prosecutors | ||||||||
Loss Contingencies | ||||||||
Number of plaintiffs | private_individual | 24 | |||||||
Number of defendants | employees | 2 | |||||||
Minimum | Veeva | ||||||||
Loss Contingencies | ||||||||
Amount of damages claimed | $ | $ 200,000,000 |
Stockholders' Equity - Addition
Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||
Jul. 31, 2023 | Feb. 10, 2022 | Apr. 01, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Oct. 30, 2013 | |
Class of Stock | |||||||||||
Preferred stock, authorized (shares) | 1,000,000 | ||||||||||
Preferred stock, par value (usd per share) | $ 0.01 | ||||||||||
Preferred stock, shares issued (shares) | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares) | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
Quest | Q2 Solutions | |||||||||||
Class of Stock | |||||||||||
Percentage of voting interest acquired | 40% | ||||||||||
Voting interest acquired, consideration | $ 758,000,000 | ||||||||||
Q2 Solutions | Quest | |||||||||||
Class of Stock | |||||||||||
Percentage of Quest's non-controlling interest in Q2 Solutions | 100% | ||||||||||
Equity Repurchase Program | |||||||||||
Class of Stock | |||||||||||
Equity repurchase program authorized amount | $ 11,725,000,000 | $ 125,000,000 | |||||||||
Equity repurchase program increase in authorized amount | $ 2,000,000,000 | 2,000,000,000 | $ 2,000,000,000 | $ 1,500,000,000 | $ 2,000,000,000 | $ 1,500,000,000 | $ 600,000,000 | ||||
Equity available for repurchase under the repurchase program | $ 2,363,000,000 |
Stockholders' Equity - Schedule
Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Share Repurchases Made Both Under and Outside of Repurchase Program (Detail) - Equity Repurchase Under and Outside of Repurchase Program - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Class of Stock | |||
Number of shares of common stock repurchased (in shares) | 5 | 5.5 | 1.7 |
Aggregate purchase price | $ 992 | $ 1,168 | $ 395 |
Average price per share (in usd per share) | $ 196.89 | $ 213.06 | $ 238.22 |
Business Combinations - Schedul
Business Combinations - Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Assets acquired: | |||
Goodwill | $ 14,567 | $ 13,921 | $ 13,301 |
Several Individually Immaterial Acquisitions | |||
Assets acquired: | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 28 | 33 | |
Accounts receivable | 44 | 0 | |
Other assets | 9 | 115 | |
Goodwill | 533 | 1,026 | |
Other identifiable intangibles | 425 | 509 | |
Liabilities assumed: | |||
Other liabilities | (44) | (103) | |
Deferred income taxes, long-term | (18) | (93) | |
Net assets acquired | 977 | 1,487 | |
Contingent consideration and deferred payments | $ 73 | $ 139 |
Business Combinations - Narrati
Business Combinations - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Several Individually Immaterial Acquisitions | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Business Acquisition, Goodwill, Expected Tax Deductible Amount | $ 379 | $ 275 |
Business Combinations - Indefin
Business Combinations - Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired as Part of Business Combination (Details) - Several Individually Immaterial Acquisitions - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Business Acquisition | ||
Total Other identifiable intangibles | $ 425 | $ 509 |
Client relationships | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Total Other identifiable intangibles | 324 | 382 |
Non-compete agreements | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Total Other identifiable intangibles | 0 | 6 |
Software and related assets | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Total Other identifiable intangibles | 44 | 79 |
Trademarks, trade names and other | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Total Other identifiable intangibles | $ 2 | 7 |
Backlog | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 4 years | |
Total Other identifiable intangibles | $ 51 | 24 |
Databases | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Total Other identifiable intangibles | $ 4 | $ 11 |
Minimum | Client relationships | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 1 year | |
Minimum | Non-compete agreements | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 3 years | |
Minimum | Software and related assets | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 3 years | |
Minimum | Trademarks, trade names and other | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 2 years | |
Minimum | Backlog | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 1 year | |
Minimum | Databases | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 3 years | |
Maximum | Client relationships | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 17 years | |
Maximum | Non-compete agreements | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 5 years | |
Maximum | Software and related assets | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 8 years | |
Maximum | Trademarks, trade names and other | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 5 years | |
Maximum | Databases | ||
Business Acquisition | ||
Amortization Period | 7 years |
Restructuring - Additional Info
Restructuring - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | |||
Restructuring costs | $ 84 | $ 28 | $ 20 |
Restructuring - Summary of Amou
Restructuring - Summary of Amounts Recorded for Restructuring Plans (Detail) - Severance and Related Costs - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Restructuring Reserve | ||
Restructuring reserves, beginning balance | $ 26 | $ 30 |
Expense, net of reversals | 84 | 28 |
Payments | (74) | (31) |
Foreign currency translation and other | (1) | |
Restructuring reserves, ending balance | $ 36 | $ 26 |
Income Taxes - Components of In
Income Taxes - Components of Income Before Income Taxes and Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Affiliates (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Income Tax Examination | |||
Total before income taxes | $ 1,459 | $ 1,363 | $ 1,128 |
Domestic | |||
Income Tax Examination | |||
Total before income taxes | 108 | (45) | (73) |
Foreign | |||
Income Tax Examination | |||
Total before income taxes | $ 1,351 | $ 1,408 | $ 1,201 |
Income Taxes - Components of _2
Income Taxes - Components of Income Tax Expense Attributable to Continuing Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Current expense: | |||
Federal and state | $ 21 | $ 24 | $ 16 |
Foreign | 349 | 358 | 293 |
Total | 370 | 382 | 309 |
Deferred (benefit) expense: | |||
Federal and state | (236) | (94) | (106) |
Foreign | (33) | (28) | (40) |
Total | (269) | (122) | (146) |
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ 101 | $ 260 | $ 163 |
Income Taxes - Additional Infor
Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Income Tax Examination | ||||
Tax benefit related to FDII and GILTI tax credits | $ 125 | $ 6 | ||
Tax expense (benefit) related to FDII | 64 | |||
Tax liability related to FDII | 61 | |||
Tax expense related to final regulation on foreign tax credits | 9 | |||
Favorable tax impact | $ 29 | |||
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries | 3,575 | |||
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowances | (91) | |||
Valuation allowance | 166 | 257 | ||
Gross unrecognized income tax benefits | 140 | 122 | 116 | $ 118 |
Addition/(Reduction) of interest and penalties recorded | 0 | 2 | $ 0 | |
Accrued interest and penalties | 20 | $ 21 | ||
Federal, State And Foreign | ||||
Income Tax Examination | ||||
Tax credit and tax loss carryforwards, tax effect | 462 | |||
Gross unrecognized income tax benefits | 16 | |||
Foreign Tax | ||||
Income Tax Examination | ||||
Gross unrecognized income tax benefits | 16 | |||
Indefinite Carryforward Period | Federal, State And Foreign | ||||
Income Tax Examination | ||||
Tax credit and tax loss carryforwards, tax effect | 8 | |||
Earliest Tax Year | Federal, State And Foreign | ||||
Income Tax Examination | ||||
Tax credit and tax loss carryforwards, tax effect | $ 454 |
Income Taxes - Effective Income
Income Taxes - Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Federal income tax expense at statutory rate | $ 306 | $ 286 | $ 237 |
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect | 16 | (15) | 2 |
Research and development | (25) | (19) | (14) |
United States taxes recorded on foreign earnings | (41) | (4) | (29) |
Tax contingencies | 17 | 14 | 3 |
Foreign Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”) | (53) | (41) | (34) |
Foreign rate differential | 45 | 38 | 17 |
Equity compensation | 0 | 2 | (23) |
Valuation Allowance Release | (102) | 0 | 0 |
Basis Difference Reversal | (61) | 0 | 0 |
Other | (1) | (1) | 4 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ 101 | $ 260 | $ 163 |
Income Taxes - Income Tax Effec
Income Taxes - Income Tax Effects of Temporary Differences from Continuing Operations that Give Rise to Significant Portions of Deferred Income Tax Assets (Liabilities) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Deferred income tax assets: | ||
Net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards | $ 132 | $ 145 |
Tax credit carryforwards | 254 | 295 |
Accrued expenses and unearned income | 103 | 90 |
Employee benefits | 202 | 202 |
Lease liability | 65 | 73 |
U.S. interest expense limitation | 59 | 30 |
Other | 81 | 52 |
Total deferred income tax assets | 896 | 887 |
Valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets | (166) | (257) |
Total deferred income tax assets (net of valuation allowance) | 730 | 630 |
Deferred income tax liabilities: | ||
Amortization and depreciation | (590) | (727) |
Lease right-of-use assets | (56) | (61) |
Foreign exchange on debt instruments | (48) | (125) |
Other | (72) | (63) |
Total deferred income tax liabilities | (766) | (976) |
Net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) | $ (36) | $ (346) |
Income Taxes - Reconciliation o
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Amount of Gross Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | |||
Beginning balance | $ 122 | $ 116 | $ 118 |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | 53 | 13 | 7 |
Additions for income tax positions of prior years | 8 | 20 | 16 |
Impact of changes in exchange rates | 1 | (2) | (3) |
Settlements with tax authorities | (6) | (4) | (2) |
Reductions for income tax positions of prior years | (25) | (11) | (11) |
Reductions due to the lapse of the applicable statute of limitations | (13) | (10) | (9) |
Ending balance | $ 140 | $ 122 | $ 116 |
Income Taxes - Summary of Tax Y
Income Taxes - Summary of Tax Years Open for Examination (Detail) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
United States | Earliest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2020 |
United States | Latest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2022 |
India | Earliest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2006 |
India | Latest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2023 |
Japan | Earliest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2017 |
Japan | Latest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2022 |
United Kingdom | Earliest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2021 |
Switzerland | Earliest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2019 |
Switzerland | Latest Tax Year | |
Schedule Of Income Taxes | |
Open tax year | 2022 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Summar
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Changes in Benefit Obligation, Plan Assets and Funded Status of Pension Benefit Plans (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
United States | |||
Change in plan assets: | |||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | $ 419 | ||
Business combinations | 0 | $ 0 | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | 486 | 419 | |
Non-United States Plans | |||
Change in plan assets: | |||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | 355 | ||
Business combinations | 0 | 1 | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | 379 | 355 | |
Pension Benefits | United States | |||
Change in benefit obligation: | |||
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year | 400 | 488 | |
Service costs | 10 | 13 | $ 14 |
Interest cost | 22 | 13 | 11 |
Actuarial losses | 15 | (101) | |
Business combinations | 0 | 0 | |
Benefits paid | (13) | (11) | |
Contributions | 0 | 0 | |
Settlements | 0 | (2) | |
Foreign currency fluctuations and other | 0 | 0 | |
Projected benefit obligation at end of year | 434 | 400 | 488 |
Change in plan assets: | |||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | 419 | 524 | |
Actual return on plan assets | 75 | (97) | |
Contributions | 5 | 5 | |
Benefits paid | (13) | (11) | |
Settlements | 0 | (2) | |
Foreign currency fluctuations and other | 0 | 0 | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | 486 | 419 | 524 |
Funded status | 52 | 19 | |
Pension Benefits | Non-United States Plans | |||
Change in benefit obligation: | |||
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year | 461 | 652 | |
Service costs | 35 | 29 | 29 |
Interest cost | 17 | 8 | 6 |
Actuarial losses | 5 | (144) | |
Business combinations | 0 | 3 | |
Benefits paid | (20) | (24) | |
Contributions | 3 | 2 | |
Settlements | (3) | (4) | |
Foreign currency fluctuations and other | 27 | (61) | |
Projected benefit obligation at end of year | 525 | 461 | 652 |
Change in plan assets: | |||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | 355 | 494 | |
Actual return on plan assets | 2 | (97) | |
Contributions | 27 | 32 | |
Benefits paid | (20) | (24) | |
Settlements | (3) | (4) | |
Foreign currency fluctuations and other | 18 | (47) | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | 379 | 355 | $ 494 |
Funded status | $ (146) | $ (106) |
Employee Benefit Plans - Summ_2
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Amounts Recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheets Related to the Pension Benefit Plans (Detail) - Pension Benefits - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Deposits and other assets | $ 87 | $ 56 |
Accrued expenses | 4 | 4 |
Other liabilities | 31 | 33 |
United States | Actuarial Net (Gain) Loss | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
AOCI | 28 | (2) |
Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Deposits and other assets | 49 | 50 |
Accrued expenses | 12 | 10 |
Other liabilities | 183 | 146 |
Non-United States Plans | Actuarial Net (Gain) Loss | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
AOCI | $ (25) | $ (6) |
Employee Benefit Plans - Accumu
Employee Benefit Plans - Accumulated Benefit Obligation For Pension Benefit Plans (Detail) - Pension Benefits - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
United States | |||
Defined Contribution And Defined Benefit Plans | |||
Accumulated benefit obligation | $ 430 | $ 397 | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Benefit Obligation | 434 | 400 | $ 488 |
Service costs | 10 | 13 | 14 |
Interest cost | 22 | 13 | 11 |
Non-United States Plans | |||
Defined Contribution And Defined Benefit Plans | |||
Accumulated benefit obligation | 480 | 426 | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Benefit Obligation | 525 | 461 | 652 |
Service costs | 35 | 29 | 29 |
Interest cost | $ 17 | $ 8 | $ 6 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Summ_3
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Pension Plans with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets and Projected Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets (Detail) - Pension Benefits - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Accumulated benefit obligation | $ 41 | $ 42 |
Fair value of plan assets | 7 | 6 |
Projected benefit obligation | 41 | 43 |
Fair value of plan assets | 7 | 6 |
Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Accumulated benefit obligation | 251 | 189 |
Fair value of plan assets | 101 | 64 |
Projected benefit obligation | 295 | 243 |
Fair value of plan assets | $ 101 | $ 87 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Compon
Employee Benefit Plans - Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Detail) - Pension Benefits - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
United States | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | |||
Service cost | $ 10 | $ 13 | $ 14 |
Interest cost | 22 | 13 | 11 |
Expected return on plan assets | (30) | (38) | (32) |
Amortization of actuarial losses | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Settlement gain | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Net periodic benefit cost | 2 | (10) | (7) |
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive loss: | |||
Actuarial (gain) loss – current year | (30) | 31 | (50) |
Prior service cost – current year | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total recognized in other comprehensive income | (30) | 31 | (50) |
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income | (28) | 21 | (57) |
Non-United States Plans | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | |||
Service cost | 35 | 29 | 29 |
Interest cost | 17 | 8 | 6 |
Expected return on plan assets | (17) | (18) | (20) |
Amortization of actuarial losses | (2) | 1 | 1 |
Settlement gain | 0 | (1) | 1 |
Net periodic benefit cost | 33 | 19 | 17 |
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive loss: | |||
Actuarial (gain) loss – current year | 19 | (18) | (39) |
Prior service cost – current year | 0 | 0 | (2) |
Total recognized in other comprehensive income | 19 | (18) | (41) |
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income | $ 52 | $ 1 | $ (24) |
Employee Benefit Plans - Schedu
Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Benefit Obligations (Detail) - Pension Benefits | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
United States | |||
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost | |||
Discount rate | 5.65% | 3.08% | 2.84% |
Rate of compensation increases | 3% | 3% | 3% |
Expected return on plan assets | 7.20% | 7.23% | 7.23% |
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Benefit Obligation | |||
Discount rate | 5.35% | 5.65% | |
Rate of compensation increases | 3% | 3% | |
Non-United States Plans | |||
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost | |||
Discount rate | 3.59% | 1.46% | 1% |
Rate of compensation increases | 2.93% | 2.57% | 2.55% |
Expected return on plan assets | 4.53% | 4.22% | 3.92% |
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Benefit Obligation | |||
Discount rate | 3.52% | 3.59% | |
Rate of compensation increases | 2.78% | 2.93% |
Employee Benefit Plans - Define
Employee Benefit Plans - Defined Contribution Plans And Defined Benefit Plans - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | |||
Expected future employer contributions, next fiscal year | $ 31 | ||
Expenses related to matching contributions | $ 81 | $ 74 | $ 60 |
U.S. Government Treasury Bonds | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | |||
Investment credit term | 30 years | ||
Cash balance crediting rate as a portion of yield | 8.3333% | ||
Cash balance credit rate percentage | 0.25% |
Employee Benefit Plans - Sche_2
Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Pension Plan Weighted Average Asset Allocations (Detail) - Pension Benefits | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 100% | 100% |
United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 100% | 100% |
Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 100% | 100% |
Equity securities | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 42% | 51% |
Equity securities | Minimum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 40% | |
Equity securities | Maximum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 65% | |
Equity securities | United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 73% | 71% |
Equity securities | Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 0% | 27% |
Debt securities | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 36% | 26% |
Debt securities | Minimum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 10% | |
Debt securities | Maximum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 40% | |
Debt securities | United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 21% | 24% |
Debt securities | Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 56% | 30% |
Real estate | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 2% | 3% |
Real estate | Minimum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 0% | |
Real estate | Maximum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 5% | |
Real estate | United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 4% | 5% |
Real estate | Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 0% | 0% |
Other | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 20% | 20% |
Other | Minimum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 10% | |
Other | Maximum | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined benefit plan, percentage of expected rate of return on plan assets | 30% | |
Other | United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 2% | 0% |
Other | Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Defined pension plan weighted average asset allocations | 44% | 43% |
Employee Benefit Plans - Sche_3
Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Plan Assets Measured at Fair Value (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
United States | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | $ 130 | $ 121 |
Common/collective trusts measured at net asset value ("NAV") | 356 | 298 |
Total | 486 | 419 |
United States | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 130 | 121 |
Common/collective trusts measured at net asset value ("NAV") | 0 | 0 |
Total | 130 | 121 |
United States | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
Common/collective trusts measured at net asset value ("NAV") | 0 | 0 |
Total | 0 | 0 |
United States | Domestic equities | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 33 | 29 |
United States | Domestic equities | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 33 | 29 |
United States | Domestic equities | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
United States | International equities | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 11 | 9 |
United States | International equities | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 11 | 9 |
United States | International equities | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
United States | Corporate bonds | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 65 | 64 |
United States | Corporate bonds | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 65 | 64 |
United States | Corporate bonds | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
United States | Real estate | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 21 | 19 |
United States | Real estate | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 21 | 19 |
United States | Real estate | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
Non-United States Plans | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 379 | 262 |
Common/collective trusts measured at net asset value ("NAV") | 0 | 93 |
Total | 379 | 355 |
Non-United States Plans | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 6 | 6 |
Common/collective trusts measured at net asset value ("NAV") | 0 | 0 |
Total | 6 | 6 |
Non-United States Plans | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 373 | 256 |
Common/collective trusts measured at net asset value ("NAV") | 0 | 0 |
Total | 373 | 256 |
Non-United States Plans | International equities | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 2 | 4 |
Non-United States Plans | International equities | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 1 | 0 |
Non-United States Plans | International equities | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 1 | 4 |
Non-United States Plans | Debt issued by national, state or local government | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 212 | 106 |
Non-United States Plans | Debt issued by national, state or local government | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 2 | 3 |
Non-United States Plans | Debt issued by national, state or local government | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 210 | 103 |
Non-United States Plans | Investments funds | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 10 | 10 |
Non-United States Plans | Investments funds | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
Non-United States Plans | Investments funds | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 10 | 10 |
Non-United States Plans | Insurance contracts | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 145 | 133 |
Non-United States Plans | Insurance contracts | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 0 | 0 |
Non-United States Plans | Insurance contracts | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 145 | 133 |
Non-United States Plans | Other | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 10 | 9 |
Non-United States Plans | Other | Level 1 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | 3 | 3 |
Non-United States Plans | Other | Level 2 | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | ||
Total assets in the fair value hierarchy | $ 7 | $ 6 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Sche_4
Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments, Net of Expected Participants Contributions for Pension Benefits (Detail) - Pension Benefits $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure | |
2024 | $ 48 |
2025 | 50 |
2026 | 53 |
2027 | 56 |
2028 | 58 |
Years 2029 through 2033 | 325 |
Defined Benefit Plan Expected Future Benefit Payments, Total | $ 590 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Stock
Employee Benefit Plans - Stock Incentive Plans - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Stock-based compensation | $ 217 | $ 194 | $ 170 |
Recognized future income tax benefit | 34 | 28 | 26 |
Unrecognized non-vested stock-based compensation | $ 194 | ||
Weighted average period of stock-based compensation | 1 year 3 months 18 days | ||
Expiry period of options from grant date | 10 years | ||
Weighted average remaining contractual life of the options outstanding | 1 year 6 months | ||
Aggregate intrinsic value of the exercisable stock options and the stock options expected to vest | $ 30 | ||
Stock Options | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Total intrinsic value of options exercised | 23 | 9 | 29 |
Proceeds from options exercised | $ 7 | 2 | 7 |
At End Of Three Year Period | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Percentage of options granted per annum | 100% | ||
Stock Incentive Plan | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Number of shares available for future grant | 8,500,000 | ||
Stock Appreciation Rights - Stock Settled | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Intrinsic value of shares exercised | $ 51 | 25 | $ 81 |
Weighted average remaining contractual life of equity instruments other than options outstanding | 5 years 4 months 24 days | ||
Aggregate intrinsic value of exercisable expected to vest | $ 342 | ||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $ 342 | $ 304 | |
Number of stock units outstanding (shares) | 3,862,710 | 4,055,769 | |
Stock Appreciation Rights - Stock Settled | First Anniversary of Grant Date | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Percentage of options granted per annum | 33.33% | ||
Stock Appreciation Rights - Stock Settled | Second Anniversary of Grant Date | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Percentage of options granted per annum | 33.33% | ||
Stock Appreciation Rights - Stock Settled | Third Anniversary Of Grant Date | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Percentage of options granted per annum | 33.33% | ||
Performance Awards | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Number of stock units outstanding | 746,070 | 642,701 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $ 173 | ||
Fair value of Stock Appreciation Rights granted | $ 229.88 | ||
Restricted Stock Units - Stock Settled | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Number of stock units outstanding | 888,856 | 896,733 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $ 206 | ||
Number of days for stock units to settle in common stock from vesting date | 45 days | ||
Fair value of Stock Appreciation Rights granted | $ 227.84 | ||
Stock Appreciation Rights - Cash Settled | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Weighted average remaining contractual life of equity instruments other than options outstanding | 3 years 1 month 6 days | ||
Aggregate intrinsic value of exercisable expected to vest | $ 8 | ||
Fair value of Stock Appreciation Rights granted | $ 152.17 | $ 147.41 | $ 216.87 |
Cash paid to settle exercised SARs | $ 11 | $ 1 | $ 1 |
Restricted Stock Units - Cash Settled | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $ 1 | ||
Number of stock units outstanding (shares) | 5,326 | ||
Restricted Stock Units - Cash Settled | Third Anniversary Of Grant Date | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Percentage of options granted per annum | 100% | ||
Long Term Incentive Awards | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award | |||
Stock-based compensation | $ 22 | 9 | |
Fixed monetary amount | $ 80 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Assump
Employee Benefit Plans - Assumptions Used to Estimate Value of Stock-Based Compensation for Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights Issued (Detail) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Share based Compensation Arrangement by Share based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Method Used | |||
Expected volatility, Minimum | 29% | 28% | 27% |
Expected volatility, Maximum | 35% | 34% | 31% |
Weighted average expected volatility | 32% | 30% | 29% |
Expected dividends | 0% | 0% | 0% |
Risk-free interest rate, Minimum | 3.38% | 1.84% | 0.28% |
Risk-free interest rate, Maximum | 4.75% | 4.22% | 1.40% |
Minimum | |||
Share based Compensation Arrangement by Share based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Method Used | |||
Expected term (in years) | 2 years 4 months 24 days | 3 years 3 months 18 days | 3 years 7 months 6 days |
Maximum | |||
Share based Compensation Arrangement by Share based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Method Used | |||
Expected term (in years) | 5 years 4 months 24 days | 6 years 3 months 18 days | 6 years 7 months 6 days |
Employee Benefit Plans - Summ_4
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward] | ||
Beginning balance (shares) | 320,353 | |
Exercised (shares) | (145,382) | |
Ending balance (shares) | 174,971 | |
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract] | ||
Beginning balance (usd per share) | $ 54.99 | |
Exercised (usd per share) | 46.13 | |
Ending balance (usd per share) | $ 62.35 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $ 30 | $ 48 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Sche_5
Employee Benefit Plans - Schedule of Stock Appreciation Rights - Stock Settled And Cash Settled Activity (Detail) - Stock Appreciation Rights - Stock Settled - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Number of Stock Appreciation Rights | ||
Shares outstanding, beginning (shares) | 4,055,769 | |
Granted (shares) | 399,427 | |
Exercised (shares) | (535,982) | |
Canceled (shares) | (56,504) | |
Shares outstanding, ending (shares) | 3,862,710 | |
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Non Option Equity Instruments Weighted Average Grant Price [Abstract] | ||
Outstanding, beginning balance (usd per share) | $ 134.36 | |
Granted (usd per share) | 231.86 | |
Exercised (usd per share) | 122.94 | |
Canceled (usd per share) | 218.68 | |
Outstanding, ending balance (usd per share) | $ 144.79 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $ 342 | $ 304 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Summ_5
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Performance Award Activity (Detail) - Performance Awards | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares | |
Nonvested Other than Options | |
Beginning balance (shares) | shares | 642,701 |
Granted (shares) | shares | 359,588 |
Additional goal achievement shares (shares) | shares | 176,329 |
Vested (shares) | shares | (380,386) |
Canceled (shares) | shares | (52,162) |
Ending balance (shares) | shares | 746,070 |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract] | |
Beginning Balance (usd per share) | $ / shares | $ 216 |
Granted (usd per share) | $ / shares | 229.88 |
Additional goal achievement shares (usd per share) | $ / shares | 169.76 |
Vested (usd per share) | $ / shares | 173.74 |
Canceled (usd per share) | $ / shares | 232.93 |
Ending balance (usd per share) | $ / shares | $ 232.13 |
Employee Benefit Plans - Summ_6
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Restricted Stock Units - Stock Settled And Cash Settled Activity (Detail) - Restricted Stock Units - Stock Settled | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares | |
Nonvested Other than Options | |
Beginning balance (shares) | 896,733 |
Granted (shares) | 443,009 |
Vested (shares) | (379,871) |
Canceled (shares) | (71,015) |
Ending balance (shares) | 888,856 |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract] | |
Beginning Balance (usd per share) | $ / shares | $ 215.16 |
Granted (usd per share) | $ / shares | 227.84 |
Vested (usd per share) | $ / shares | 197.56 |
Canceled (usd per share) | $ / shares | 220.79 |
Ending balance (usd per share) | $ / shares | $ 228.55 |
Director Deferral Plan | |
Nonvested Other than Options | |
Granted (shares) | 1,782 |
Property, Equipment and Softw_3
Property, Equipment and Software by Geography - Property, Equipment and Software, Net, by Geographic Region (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Long Lived Assets Geographic | ||
Total property, equipment and software, net | $ 2,146 | $ 2,047 |
Americas | ||
Long Lived Assets Geographic | ||
Total property, equipment and software, net | 1,917 | 1,798 |
United States | ||
Long Lived Assets Geographic | ||
Total property, equipment and software, net | 1,820 | 1,699 |
Other | ||
Long Lived Assets Geographic | ||
Total property, equipment and software, net | 97 | 99 |
Europe and Africa | ||
Long Lived Assets Geographic | ||
Total property, equipment and software, net | 193 | 196 |
Asia-Pacific | ||
Long Lived Assets Geographic | ||
Total property, equipment and software, net | $ 36 | $ 53 |
Segments - Additional Informati
Segments - Additional Information (Detail) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 Segment | |
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
Number of reportable segments | 3 |
Segments - Operations by Report
Segments - Operations by Reportable Segments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | $ 14,984 | $ 14,410 | $ 13,874 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | 9,745 | 9,382 | 9,233 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 2,053 | 2,071 | 1,964 |
Depreciation and amortization | (1,125) | (1,130) | (1,264) |
Restructuring costs | (84) | (28) | (20) |
Total income from operations | 1,977 | 1,799 | 1,393 |
Technology & Analytics Solutions | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | 5,862 | 5,746 | 5,534 |
Research & Development Solutions | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | 8,395 | 7,921 | 7,556 |
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | 727 | 743 | 784 |
Operating Segments | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Segment profit | 3,454 | 3,287 | 3,009 |
Operating Segments | Technology & Analytics Solutions | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | 5,862 | 5,746 | 5,534 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | 3,496 | 3,348 | 3,278 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 876 | 848 | 798 |
Segment profit | 1,490 | 1,550 | 1,458 |
Operating Segments | Research & Development Solutions | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | 8,395 | 7,921 | 7,556 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | 5,629 | 5,395 | 5,303 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 851 | 831 | 777 |
Segment profit | 1,915 | 1,695 | 1,476 |
Operating Segments | Contract Sales & Medical Solutions | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Revenues | 727 | 743 | 784 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | 620 | 639 | 652 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 58 | 62 | 57 |
Segment profit | 49 | 42 | 75 |
General corporate and unallocated | |||
Segment Reporting Information | |||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 268 | 330 | 332 |
Segment profit | $ (268) | $ (330) | $ (332) |
Earnings Per Share - Reconciles
Earnings Per Share - Reconciles the Basic to Diluted Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||
Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 966 |
Denominator: | |||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares) | 183.8 | 187.6 | 191.4 |
Effect of dilutive stock options and share awards (in shares) | 2.5 | 3 | 3.6 |
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares) | 186.3 | 190.6 | 195 |
Earnings per share attributable to common stockholders: | |||
Basic (in dollars per share) | $ 7.39 | $ 5.82 | $ 5.05 |
Diluted (in dollars per share) | $ 7.29 | $ 5.72 | $ 4.95 |
Earnings Per Share - Narrative
Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Detail) - shares shares in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount (in shares) | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income - Summary of Components of AOCI (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Income Taxes | |||
Beginning Balance | $ 62 | $ 180 | $ 323 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications | 54 | (116) | (139) |
Reclassification adjustments | 17 | (2) | (4) |
Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest | 0 | ||
Ending Balance | 133 | 62 | 180 |
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, Total | (89) | (331) | (203) |
Reclassification adjustments, Total | (51) | 10 | 12 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | |||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||
Beginning Balance | (727) | (406) | (205) |
Ending Balance | (867) | (727) | (406) |
Foreign Currency Translation | |||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||
Beginning Balance | (825) | (570) | (395) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications | (144) | (255) | (165) |
Reclassification adjustments | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest | 10 | ||
Ending Balance | (969) | (825) | (570) |
Derivative Instruments | |||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||
Beginning Balance | 44 | (21) | (48) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications | (10) | 53 | 11 |
Reclassification adjustments | (68) | 12 | 16 |
Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest | 0 | ||
Ending Balance | (34) | 44 | (21) |
Defined Benefit Plans | |||
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||
Beginning Balance | (8) | 5 | (85) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications | 11 | (13) | 90 |
Reclassification adjustments | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Acquisition of Quest's non-controlling interest | 0 | ||
Ending Balance | $ 3 | $ (8) | $ 5 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensi_4
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income - Summary of Adjustments for (Gains) Losses Reclassified from AOCI into Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Affected Financial Statement Line Item (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | |||
Total before income taxes | $ 68 | $ (12) | $ (16) |
Income taxes | 17 | (2) | (4) |
Total net of income taxes | 51 | (10) | (12) |
Interest rate swaps | Interest expense | |||
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | |||
Total before income taxes | 47 | (22) | (21) |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Revenues | |||
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | |||
Total before income taxes | $ 21 | $ 10 | $ 5 |
Supplemental Cash Flow Inform_3
Supplemental Cash Flow Information - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: | |||
Interest paid, net | $ 556 | $ 379 | $ 343 |
Income taxes paid, net of refunds | $ 340 | $ 255 | $ 222 |
Schedule I - Condensed Statemen
Schedule I - Condensed Statements of Income And Comprehensive Income (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions | |||
Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 966 |
Comprehensive income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | 1,218 | 770 | 775 |
Parent Company | |||
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions | |||
Equity in earnings of subsidiary | 1,358 | 1,091 | 966 |
Net income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | 1,358 | 1,091 | 966 |
Equity in other comprehensive (loss) income of subsidiary, net of tax | (140) | (321) | (191) |
Comprehensive income attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc. | $ 1,218 | $ 770 | $ 775 |
Schedule I - Condensed Balance
Schedule I - Condensed Balance Sheets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Current assets: | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 1,376 | $ 1,216 |
Total current assets | 5,596 | 4,981 |
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 26,681 | 25,337 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||
Liabilities, Current | 6,491 | 5,578 |
Total liabilities | 20,569 | 19,572 |
Commitments and contingencies | ||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||
Common stock and additional paid-in capital, 400.0 shares authorized as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.01 par value, 257.2 shares issued and 181.5 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023; 256.4 shares issued and 185.7 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 11,028 | 10,898 |
Retained earnings | 4,692 | 3,334 |
Treasury stock, at cost, 75.7 and 70.7 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively | (8,741) | (7,740) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (867) | (727) |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | 26,681 | 25,337 |
Parent Company | ||
Current assets: | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | 2 | 2 |
Total current assets | 2 | 2 |
Investment in subsidiary | 9,667 | 9,667 |
Investments in Unconsolidated VIEs | 9,669 | 9,669 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||
Accounts Payable | 8 | 0 |
Liabilities, Current | 8 | 0 |
Investment in subsidiary | 3,546 | 3,902 |
Payable to subsidiary | 3 | 2 |
Total liabilities | 3,557 | 3,904 |
Commitments and contingencies | ||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||
Common stock and additional paid-in capital, 400.0 shares authorized as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.01 par value, 257.2 shares issued and 181.5 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023; 256.4 shares issued and 185.7 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 11,028 | 10,898 |
Retained earnings | 4,692 | 3,334 |
Treasury stock, at cost, 75.7 and 70.7 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively | (8,741) | (7,740) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (867) | (727) |
Equity attributable to IQVIA Holdings Inc.’s stockholders | 6,112 | 5,765 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ 9,669 | $ 9,669 |
Schedule I - Condensed Balanc_2
Schedule I - Condensed Balance Sheets -Narrative (Detail) - $ / shares | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 |
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions | ||
Common stock authorized (in shares) | 400,000,000 | 400,000,000 |
Common stock, par value (usd per share) | $ 0.01 | $ 0.01 |
Common stock, shares issued (shares) | 257,200,000 | 256,400,000 |
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 181,500,000 | 185,700,000 |
Treasury stock (in shares) | 75,700,000 | 70,700,000 |
Parent Company | ||
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions | ||
Common stock authorized (in shares) | 400,000,000 | 400,000,000 |
Common stock, par value (usd per share) | $ 0.01 | $ 0.01 |
Common stock, shares issued (shares) | 257,200,000 | 256,400,000 |
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 181,500,000 | 185,700,000 |
Treasury stock (in shares) | 75,700,000 | 70,700,000 |
Schedule I - Condensed Statem_2
Schedule I - Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Operating activities: | |||
Net income | $ 1,358 | $ 1,091 | $ 971 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 2,149 | 2,260 | 2,942 |
Investing activities: | |||
Net cash used in investing activities | (1,603) | (2,006) | (2,103) |
Financing activities: | |||
Payments related to employee stock option plans | (61) | (71) | (59) |
Repurchase of common stock | (992) | (1,168) | (406) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (382) | (329) | (1,235) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 160 | (150) | (448) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 1,216 | 1,366 | 1,814 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 1,376 | 1,216 | 1,366 |
Parent Company | |||
Operating activities: | |||
Net income | 1,358 | 1,091 | 966 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: | |||
Equity in earnings of subsidiary | (1,358) | (1,091) | (966) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Other operating assets and liabilities | 0 | 1 | (1) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 0 | 1 | (1) |
Investing activities: | |||
Investment in subsidiary, net of dividends received | 1,052 | 1,238 | 467 |
Net cash used in investing activities | 1,052 | 1,238 | 467 |
Financing activities: | |||
Payments related to employee stock option plans | (61) | (71) | (59) |
Repurchase of common stock | (992) | (1,168) | (406) |
Intercompany with subsidiary | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Net cash used in financing activities | (1,052) | (1,239) | (465) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ 2 | $ 2 | $ 2 |
Schedule I - Additional Informa
Schedule I - Additional Information (Detail) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
Parent Company | |
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions | |
Minimum percentage of restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries of consolidated net assets | 25% |
Schedule I - Dividends Paid (De
Schedule I - Dividends Paid (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nov. 30, 2023 | Sep. 30, 2023 | Aug. 31, 2023 | May 31, 2023 | Mar. 31, 2023 | Feb. 28, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Nov. 30, 2022 | Oct. 31, 2022 | Sep. 30, 2022 | Aug. 31, 2022 | Jul. 31, 2022 | Jun. 30, 2022 | May 31, 2022 | Apr. 30, 2022 | Mar. 31, 2022 | Feb. 28, 2022 | Jan. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Nov. 30, 2021 | Oct. 31, 2021 | Sep. 30, 2021 | Aug. 31, 2021 | Jul. 31, 2021 | Jun. 30, 2021 | May 31, 2021 | Apr. 30, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2021 | Feb. 28, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Parent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends Payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividend paid to parent company | $ 232 | $ 55 | $ 89 | $ 490 | $ 130 | $ 56 | $ 25 | $ 3 | $ 40 | $ 110 | $ 1 | $ 100 | $ 188 | $ 303 | $ 2 | $ 125 | $ 322 | $ 20 | $ 57 | $ 89 | $ 60 | $ 36 | $ 35 | $ 25 | $ 20 | $ 23 | $ 4 | $ 51 | $ 70 | $ 1,052 | $ 1,239 | $ 470 |
Schedule II - Valuation and Q_2
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Detail) - Valuation Allowance of Deferred Tax Assets - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves | |||
Balance at Beginning of Year | $ 257 | $ 294 | $ 306 |
Additions Charged to Expenses | (99) | (27) | 1 |
Additions Charged to Other Accounts | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Additions (Deductions) | 8 | (10) | (13) |
Balance at End of Year | $ 166 | $ 257 | $ 294 |