Executive becomes employed or affiliated with any competitor of Company in violation of his obligations in this Agreement, it is inevitable that Executive would disclose the Confidential Information to such competitor and would use such Confidential Information, knowingly or unknowingly, on behalf of such competitor; (v) in the course of Executive’s employment, he will be introduced to customers and others with important relationships to Company, and any and all “goodwill” created through such introductions belongs exclusively to Company, including, but not limited to, any goodwill created as a result of direct or indirect contacts or relationships between Executive and any customers of Company.
(i) either as principal, partner, stockholder, officer, director, member, employee, consultant, agent, representative or in any other capacity, own, manage, operate or control, or be concerned, connected or employed by, or otherwise associate in any manner with, engage in, or have a financial interest in, any business which is directly or indirectly competitive with the business of Company anywhere in the world, provided that nothing contained herein will preclude Executive from purchasing or owning securities of any such business if such securities are publicly traded and Executive’s holdings do not exceed one percent (1%) of the issued and outstanding securities of any class of securities of such business;
(ii) solicit, divert or appropriate, or attempt to solicit, divert or appropriate, for the purpose of competing with Company, any customers or patrons of Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Company;
(iii) (A) solicit, entice or persuade, or attempt to solicit, entice or persuade, any other employees of or consultants to Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Company to leave the services of Company or any such parent, subsidiary or affiliate for any reason, or (B) employ, cause to be employed, or solicit the employment of any employee of or consultant to Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Company while any such person is providing services to Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Company or
within one year after any such person ceases providing services to Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Company; or
(iv) interfere with, or attempt to interfere with, the relations between Company and any vendor or supplier to Company or any subsidiary or affiliate of Company.
(d)Reasonableness of Restrictions. Executive recognizes and acknowledges that: (i) the types of employment which are prohibited by this Section 5 are narrow and reasonable in relation to the skills which represent Executive’s principal salable asset both to Company and to other prospective employers; and (ii) the specific but broad temporal and geographical scope of this Section 5 is reasonable, legitimate and fair to Executive in light of Company’s need to market its services and sell its products in a large geographic area in order to maintain a sufficient customer base and the limited restrictions on the type of employment prohibited herein compared to the types of employment for which Executive is qualified to earn his livelihood.
6.Confidentiality; Ownership of Ideas, Copyrights and Patents.
(a)Definition Of Confidential Information. For purposes of this Agreement, “Confidential Information” means trade secrets and confidential and proprietary information of Company, whether in written, oral, electronic or other form, including, but not limited to, information and facts concerning business plans, customers, future customers, suppliers, licensors, licensees, partners, investors, affiliates or others, training methods and materials, financial information, sales prospects, client lists or inventions, and/or any other scientific, technical or trade secrets of Company or of any third party provided to Executive or Company under a condition of confidentiality,provided that Confidential Information will not include information that is in the public domain other than through any fault or act by Executive. The term “trade secrets,” as used in this Agreement, will be given its broadest possible interpretation under the law of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and will include, without limitation, anything tangible or intangible or electronically kept or stored, which constitutes, represents, evidences or records or any secret scientific, technical, merchandising, production or management information, or any design, process, procedure, formula, invention, improvement or other confidential or proprietary information or documents.
(b)Protection Of Confidential Information. Executive expressly acknowledges and agrees that all Confidential Information is and shall remain the sole property of Company and that Executive will hold it in strictest confidence. Executive will at all times, both during the period Executive is performing services for Company and after the termination of such services for any reason or for no reason, maintain in confidence and will not, without the prior written consent of Company, use (except in the course of performance of Executive’s duties for Company or by court order), disclose, or give to others any Confidential Information.
(c)Property of Company. Executive agrees that all ideas, discoveries, creations, manuscripts and properties, innovations, improvements, know-how, inventions, designs, developments, apparatus, techniques, methods, laboratory notebooks and formulae which may be used in the business of Company, whether patentable, copyrightable or not, which Executive may conceive, reduce to practice or develop during the period that Executive is employed by Company (collectively, the “Inventions”), alone or in conjunction with another or others,
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whether during or out of regular business hours, and whether at the request or upon the suggestion of Company, or otherwise, shall be the sole and exclusive property of Company, and that Executive shall not publish any of the Inventions without the prior written consent of Company. Executive hereby assigns to Company all of Executive’s right, title and interest in and to all of the foregoing. Executive further represents and agrees that to the best of Executive’s knowledge and belief none of the Inventions will violate or infringe upon any right, patent, copyright, trademark or right of privacy, or constitute libel or slander against or violate any other rights of any person, firm or corporation and that Executive will use his best efforts to prevent any such violation.
(d)Cooperation. At all times during or after Executive’s employment with Company (for whatever reason), Executive will fully cooperate with Company, its attorneys and agents in the preparation and filing of all papers and other documents required to perfect Company’s rights in and to any of such Inventions, including but not limited to joining in any proceeding to obtain letters patent, copyrights, trademarks or other legal rights of the United States and of any other countries on such Inventions, provided that Company will bear the expense of such proceedings, and that any patent or other legal right so issued to Executive, personally, shall be assigned by Executive to Company without charge by Executive.
(e)No Impact on Other Obligations. The terms of this Section 6 are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any statutory or other contractual or legal obligation that Executive may have relating to the protection of Company’s Confidential Information. The terms of this Section 6 will survive indefinitely any termination of Executive’s employment for any reason.
7.Specific Acknowledgements Regarding Sections 5 And 6.
(a)Survival. Executive’s acknowledgments and agreements set forth in Sections 5 and 6 shall survive the termination of Executive’s employment with Company for any reason.
(b)Severability. The parties intend Sections 5 and 6 of this Agreement to be enforced as written. However, if any portion or provision of such sections shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a duly authorized court having jurisdiction, then the remainder of such sections, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each remaining portion and provision of such sections shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
(c)Modification And Blue Pencil. The parties agree and intend that the covenants contained in Sections 5 and 6 of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a series of separate covenants and agreements, and if any provision of such sections shall be adjudicated to be invalid or unenforceable, such provision, without any action on the part of the parties hereto, shall be deemed amended to delete (i.e., “blue pencil”) or modify the portion adjudicated to be invalid or unenforceable, to the extent necessary to cause the provision as amended to be valid and enforceable.
(d)Irreparable Harm. Executive expressly acknowledges that any breach or threatened breach of any of the terms and/or conditions of Sections 5 or 6 of this Agreement will result in substantial, continuing and irreparable injury to Company. Therefore, Executive hereby agrees that,
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in addition to any other remedy that may be available to Company, Company shall be entitled to injunctive or other equitable relief by a court of appropriate jurisdiction in the event of any breach or threatened breach of the terms of Section 5 or 6.
8.Property and Records. Upon the termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for any reason or for no reason, or if Company otherwise requests, Executive will: (i) return to Company all tangible Confidential Information and copies thereof (regardless how such Confidential Information or copies are maintained), and (ii) deliver to Company any property of Company which may be in Executive’s possession, including, but not limited to, blackberry-type devices, laptops, cell phones, products, materials, memoranda, notes, records, reports or other documents or photocopies of the same.
9.Code Section 409A.
(a) If any of the benefits set forth in this Agreement are “deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A, any termination of employment triggering payment of such benefits must constitute a “separation from service” under Section 409A before a distribution of such benefits can commence. If any amount to be paid to Executive pursuant to this Agreement as a result of Executive’s termination of employment is “deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A, and if Executive is a “Specified Employee” (as defined under Section 409A) as of the date of Executive’s termination of employment hereunder, then, to the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of accelerated or increased income taxes, excise taxes or other penalties under Section 409A, the payment of benefits, if any, scheduled to be paid by Company to Executive hereunder during the first six (6) month period following the date of a termination of employment hereunder shall not be paid until the date which is the first business day after six (6) months have elapsed since Executive’s termination of employment for any reason other than death. Any deferred compensation payments delayed in accordance with the terms of this Section 9 shall be paid in a lump sum when paid and shall be adjusted for earnings in accordance with the applicable short term rate under Section 1274(d) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”).
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, this Agreement shall be interpreted and at all times administered in a manner that avoids the inclusion of compensation in income under Section 409A, or the payment of increased taxes, excise taxes or other penalties under Section 409A. For purposes of clarification, this section shall not cause any forfeiture of benefits on the part of Executive, but shall only act as a delay until such time as a “separation from service” occurs.
(c) The parties intend this Agreement to be in compliance with Section 409A. Executive acknowledges and agrees that Company does not guarantee the tax treatment or tax consequences associated with any payment or benefit arising under this Agreement, including but not limited to consequences related to Section 409A.
10.General.
(a)Notices. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, any notice required or permitted by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be delivered as follows with notice
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deemed given as indicated: (i) by personal delivery when delivered personally; (ii) by overnight courier upon written verification of receipt; (iii) by telecopy or facsimile transmission upon acknowledgment of receipt of electronic transmission; or (iv) by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, upon verification of receipt. Notices to Executive shall be sent to the last known address in Company’s records or such other address as Executive may specify in writing. Notices to Company shall be sent to Attention: Chair, Board of Directors, Wave2Wave Communications, Inc., 433 Hackensack Avenue, Hackensack, New Jersey 07601, or to such other Company representative as Company may specify in writing.
(b)Modifications and Amendments. The terms and provisions of this Agreement may be modified or amended only by written agreement executed by the parties hereto.
(c)Waivers and Consents. The terms and provisions of this Agreement may be waived, or consent for the departure therefrom granted, only by written document executed by the party entitled to the benefits of such terms or provisions. No such waiver or consent will be deemed to be or will constitute a waiver or consent with respect to any other terms or provisions of this Agreement, whether or not similar. Each such waiver or consent will be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which it was given, and will not constitute a continuing waiver or consent.
(d)Assignment. Company may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to any person or entity that succeeds to all or substantially all of Company’s business or that aspect of Company’s business in which Executive is principally involved. Executive may not assign Executive’s rights and obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of Company.
(e)Governing Law. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder will be construed in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof.
(f)Fees and Expenses. In any action at law or in equity (including arbitration) brought to enforce or interpret the terms of this Agreement, nothing contained herein shall prevent Executive from seeking reimbursement from the Company for reasonable attorney’s fees, costs and disbursements incurred in any such action.
(g)Headings and Captions. The headings and captions of the various subdivisions of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and will in no way modify or affect the meaning or construction of any of the terms or provisions hereof.
(h)Taxation. The parties intend this Agreement to be in compliance with Code Section 409A. Executive acknowledges and agrees that Company does not guarantee the tax treatment or tax consequences associated with any payment or benefit arising under this Agreement, including but not limited to consequences related to Code Section 409A. Company and Executive agree that both will negotiate in good faith and jointly execute an amendment to modify this Agreement to the extent necessary to comply with the requirements of Code Section 409A, or any successor statute, regulation and guidance thereto;provided that no such amendment shall increase the total financial obligation of Company under this Agreement.
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(i)Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the other agreements specifically referenced herein, embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior oral or written agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. No statement, representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of any kind not expressly set forth in this Agreement will affect, or be used to interpret, change or restrict, the express terms and provisions of this Agreement.
(j)Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, and by different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. For all purposes a signature by fax shall be treated as an original.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.
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Gregory Raskin | | Wave2Wave Communications, Inc. |
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/s/ Gregory Raskin | | By: | /s/ Steven Asman |
Signature | | | Name: Steven Asman |
Address: | | | Title: President |
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