Supplemental Oil and Gas Reserve Information - Unaudited | Supplemental Oil and Gas Reserve Information — Unaudited The reserve estimates presented below at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are based on reports prepared by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc., the Company’s independent reserve engineers. The reserve estimates at December 31, 2021 were based on reports prepared by DeGolyer and MacNaughton, the Company’s previous independent reserve engineers. All of the Company’s oil and gas reserves are attributable to properties within the United States. Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, NGLs and natural gas that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions (i.e., prices and costs) existing at the time the estimate is made. Proved developed oil and gas reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and equipment in place and under operating methods being utilized at the time the estimates were made. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. Estimated Quantities of Proved Reserves The following table summarizes changes in quantities of the Company’s estimated net proved reserves by product for the periods presented: Crude Oil NGLs (1) (MBbl) Natural Gas MBoe (2) 2021 Proved reserves Beginning balance 119,765 — 376,170 182,460 Revisions of previous estimates 42,411 — 68,768 53,871 Extensions, discoveries and other additions 7,734 — 14,539 10,157 Sales of reserves in place (24,760) — (40,211) (31,461) Purchases of reserves in place 42,656 — 86,153 57,015 Production (13,489) — (46,157) (21,182) Net proved reserves at December 31, 2021 174,317 — 459,262 250,860 Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2021 114,041 — 361,836 174,347 Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2021 60,276 — 97,426 76,513 2022 Proved reserves Beginning balance 174,317 — 459,262 250,860 Revisions of previous estimates (8,032) 64,557 (56,500) 47,110 Extensions, discoveries and other additions 38,144 7,452 35,689 51,544 Sales of reserves in place — — — — Purchases of reserves in place 202,316 73,468 443,903 349,768 Production (25,457) (7,026) (67,428) (43,722) Net proved reserves at December 31, 2022 381,288 138,451 814,926 655,560 Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2022 272,529 115,227 689,651 502,698 Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2022 108,759 23,224 125,275 152,862 2023 Proved reserves Beginning balance 381,288 138,451 814,926 655,560 Revisions of previous estimates (38,073) (5,270) (33,308) (48,895) Extensions, discoveries and other additions 53,207 15,046 62,273 78,632 Sales of reserves in place (3,999) (53) (3,067) (4,564) Purchases of reserves in place 12,375 3,052 20,060 18,771 Production (36,427) (13,047) (82,953) (63,300) Net proved reserves at December 31, 2023 368,371 138,179 777,931 636,204 Proved developed reserves, December 31, 2023 241,362 105,702 640,180 453,762 Proved undeveloped reserves, December 31, 2023 127,008 32,476 137,751 182,442 __________________ (1) For periods prior to July 1, 2022 , we reported crude oil and natural gas on a two-stream basis, and NGLs were combined with the natural gas stream when reporting reserves. As of July 1, 2022, NGLs are reported separately from the natural gas stream on a three-stream basis. This prospective change impacts the comparability of the periods presented. (2) Natural gas is converted to barrel of oil equivalents at the rate of six thousand cubic feet of natural gas to one barrel of oil. 2023 Proved reserves decreased by 19.4 MMBoe during the year ended December 31, 2023 due to the following: Production. Production decreased proved reserves by 63.3 MMBoe. Revisions of previous estimates. The Company had net negative revisions of 48.9 MMBoe attributable to the following: Decreases: • 41.2 MMBoe associated with lower crude oil, NGL and natural gas prices and tighter differentials • 19.6 MMBoe associated with increases in operating expenses and capital expenses primarily associated with inflation • 9.9 MMBoe primarily associated with updated expectations on undeveloped well reserves and changes to development timing Increases: • 14.4 MMBoe associated with stronger NGL yields • 7.4 MMBoe primarily associated with reservoir and engineering analysis and well performance across the Company’s Williston Basin assets Extensions, discoveries and other additions. The Company added 78.6 MMBoe of proved reserves associated with extensions and discoveries primarily attributable to successful drilling in the Williston Basin. New wells drilled in this area, as well as proved undeveloped (“PUD”) locations added as a result of offset drilling, increased proved reserves. Purchases of reserves in place. The Company added 18.8 MMBoe of proved reserves from the purchase of reserves in place as a result of the 2023 Williston Basin Acquisition. Sales of reserves in place. Proved reserves decreased 4.6 MMBoe primarily as a result of the Non-core Asset Sales. 2022 Proved reserves increased by 404.7 MMBoe during the year ended December 31, 2022 due to the following: Purchases of reserves in place. The Company added 349.8 MMBoe of proved reserves from the purchase of reserves in place as a result of the Merger. Extensions, discoveries and other additions. The Company added 51.5 MMBoe of proved reserves associated with extensions and discoveries primarily attributable to successful drilling in the Williston Basin. New wells drilled in this area, as well as PUD locations added as a result of offset drilling, increased proved reserves. Revisions of previous estimates. The Company had net positive revisions of 47.1 MMBoe attributable to the following: Increases: • 30.3 MMBoe associated with the change to reporting reserves on a three-stream basis in 2022 • 26.1 MMBoe associated with higher crude oil, NGL and natural gas prices • 2.6 MMBoe associated with tighter differentials and stronger NGL yields Decreases: • 6.7 MMBoe associated with reservoir and engineering analysis and well performance across the Company’s Williston Basin assets • 5.2 MMBoe primarily associated with lower working interests as a result of well payouts associated with higher commodity pricing Production. Production decreased proved reserves by 43.7 MMBoe. Sales of reserves in place. There were no impacts to proved reserves as a result of the sale of reserves in place. 2021 Proved reserves increased by 68.4 MMBoe during the year ended December 31, 2021 due to the following: Purchases of reserves in place. The Company added 57.0 MMBoe of proved reserves from the purchase of reserves in place as a result of the 2021 Williston Basin Acquisition. Revisions of previous estimates. The Company had net positive revisions of 53.9 MMBoe attributable to the following: Increases: • 38.6 MMBoe associated with alignment to the anticipated five-year development plan • 37.2 MMBoe associated with higher realized prices • 6.2 MMBoe associated with lower operating expenses Decreases: • 22.9 MMBoe associated with reservoir analysis and well performance across the Company’s Williston Basin assets • 5.2 MMBoe associated with the impact of removing the benefits of midstream operations from operating expenses Extensions, discoveries and other additions. The Company added 10.2 MMBoe of proved reserves associated with extensions and discoveries. Of these additions, 7.6 MMBoe were associated with the Company’s anticipated five-year development plan and 2.6 MMBoe were associated with new producing wells. Sales of reserves in place. Proved reserves decreased 31.5 MMBoe as a result of the Permian Basin Sale in June 2021. Production. Production decreased proved reserves by 21.2 MMBoe. Changes in Proved Undeveloped Reserves The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s estimates of PUD reserves during 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2023 (MBoe) Proved undeveloped reserves, beginning of period 152,862 Purchases of minerals in place 7,167 Extensions, discoveries and other additions 74,514 Revisions of previous estimates (8,198) Conversion to proved developed reserves (43,903) Proved undeveloped reserves, end of period 182,442 Proved undeveloped reserves increased by 29.6 MMBoe during the year ended December 31, 2023 due to the following: Extensions, discoveries and other additions. The Company added 74.5 MMBoe of PUD reserves associated with extensions and discoveries primarily attributable to successful drilling in the Williston Basin. Purchases of minerals in place. The Company added 7.2 MMBoe of PUD reserves from the purchase of minerals in place as a result of the 2023 Williston Basin Acquisition. Revisions of previous estimates. The Company had net negative revisions of 8.2 MMBoe attributable to the following: Decreases: • 9.9 MMBoe primarily associated with changes to development timing and updated expectations on undeveloped well volumes • 1.5 MMBoe associated with lower crude oil, NGL and natural gas prices and tighter differentials • 0.7 MMBoe associated with increases in operating expenses and capital expenses primarily associated with inflation Increases: • 3.9 MMBoe associated with stronger NGL yields Conversions to proved developed reserves. The Company incurred $545.0 million in capital expenditures to convert 43.9 MMBoe of PUD reserves to proved developed reserves during 2023. The PUD conversions represented 29% of the Company’s PUD reserves balance at the beginning of 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the Company expects to develop all of its PUD reserves, including all wells drilled but not yet completed within five years after the initial year booked. Substantially all PUD locations are located on properties where the leases are held by existing production or continuous drilling operations. Approximately 12% of the Company’s PUD reserves at December 31, 2023 are attributable to wells that have been drilled but not yet completed, and all of the Company’s PUD reserves are within its core acreage in the Williston Basin. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves The Standardized Measure represents the present value of estimated future net cash flows from estimated net proved oil and natural gas reserves, less future development, production, plugging and abandonment costs and income tax expenses, discounted at 10% per annum to reflect timing of future cash flows. Production costs do not include DD&A of capitalized acquisition, exploration and development costs. The Company’s estimated net proved reserves and related future net revenues and Standardized Measure were determined using index prices for crude oil and natural gas, without giving effect to derivative transactions, and were held constant throughout the life of the properties. The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior 12 months were $78.22 per Bbl for crude oil and $2.64 per MMBtu for natural gas, $93.67 per Bbl for crude oil and $6.36 per MMBtu for natural gas and $66.55 per Bbl for crude oil and $3.64 per MMBtu for natural gas for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These prices were adjusted by lease for quality, energy content, transportation fees and marketing differentials. Future operating costs, production taxes and capital costs were based on current costs as of each year end. The following table sets forth the Standardized Measure of discounted future net cash flows from projected production of the Company’s estimated net proved reserves at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: At December 31, 2023 2022 2021 (In thousands) Future cash inflows $ 31,882,940 $ 44,544,247 $ 13,366,064 Future production costs (13,815,882) (15,879,712) (6,548,794) Future development costs (3,055,823) (2,553,605) (1,322,207) Future income tax expense (2,573,017) (5,283,201) (717,721) Future net cash flows 12,438,218 20,827,729 4,777,342 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows (5,447,578) (9,333,254) (2,080,404) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows $ 6,990,640 $ 11,494,475 $ 2,696,938 The following table sets forth the changes in the Standardized Measure of discounted future net cash flows applicable to estimated net proved reserves for the periods presented: 2023 2022 2021 (In thousands) January 1 $ 11,494,475 $ 2,696,938 $ 948,877 Net changes in prices and production costs (6,138,846) 3,148,745 1,617,331 Net changes in future development costs (92,072) 35,427 (36,645) Sales of crude oil and natural gas, net (2,033,251) (2,161,708) (796,874) Extensions 864,249 958,924 98,125 Purchases of reserves in place 373,913 7,441,750 780,442 Sales of reserves in place (75,097) — (204,153) Revisions of previous quantity estimates (1,142,960) 1,434,357 639,320 Previously estimated development costs incurred 574,607 137,534 102,519 Accretion of discount 1,445,215 683,631 94,090 Net change in income taxes 1,419,851 (2,539,182) (252,347) Changes in timing and other 300,556 (341,941) (293,747) December 31 $ 6,990,640 $ 11,494,475 $ 2,696,938 |