Loans and Leases Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses | LOANS AND LEASES RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS AND LEASES The following table presents loans and leases receivable as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. (amounts in thousands) June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Loans and leases receivable, mortgage warehouse, at fair value $ 2,793,164 $ 2,245,758 Loans receivable, PPP 4,760,427 — Loans receivable: Commercial: Multi-family 1,581,839 1,907,331 Commercial and industrial (1) 2,099,442 1,891,152 Commercial real estate owner occupied 544,772 551,948 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 1,244,773 1,222,772 Construction 128,834 117,617 Total commercial loans and leases receivable 5,599,660 5,690,820 Consumer: Residential real estate 348,109 382,634 Manufactured housing 66,865 71,359 Other consumer 1,257,813 1,174,175 Total consumer loans receivable 1,672,787 1,628,168 Loans and leases receivable (2) 7,272,447 7,318,988 Allowance for credit losses (159,905) (56,379) Total loans and leases receivable, net of allowance for credit losses $ 14,666,133 $ 9,508,367 (1) Includes direct finance equipment leases of $96.4 million and $89.2 million at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. (2) Includes deferred (fees) costs and unamortized (discounts) premiums, net of $(83.1) million and $2.1 million at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Customers' total loans and leases receivable portfolio includes loans receivable which are reported at fair value based on an election made to account for these loans at fair value and loans and leases receivable which are predominately reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs and deferred costs and fees and unamortized premiums and discounts and are evaluated for impairment. The total amount of accrued interest recorded for total loans was $47.1 million and $34.8 million at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and is presented in accrued interest receivable in the consolidated balance sheet. At June 30, 2020, there were $55.9 million of individually evaluated loans that were collateral-dependent. Substantially all individually evaluated loans are collateral-dependent and consisted primarily of commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, and residential real estate loans. Collateral-dependent commercial and industrial loans were secured by accounts receivable, inventory and equipment; collateral-dependent commercial real estate loans were secured by commercial real estate assets; and residential real estate loans were secured by residential real estate assets. Loans receivable, PPP: On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law and created funding for a new product called the PPP. The PPP is administered by the SBA and is intended to assist organizations with payroll related expenses. Customers had $4.8 billion of PPP loans outstanding as of June 30, 2020, which are fully guaranteed by the SBA and earn a fixed interest rate of 1.00%. Customers recognized interest income, including origination fees, of $11.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Loans receivable, mortgage warehouse, at fair value: Mortgage warehouse loans consist of commercial loans to mortgage companies. These mortgage warehouse lending transactions are subject to master repurchase agreements. As a result of the contractual provisions, for accounting purposes control of the underlying mortgage loan has not transferred and the rewards and risks of the mortgage loans are not assumed by Customers. The mortgage warehouse loans are designated as loans held for investment and reported at fair value based on an election made to account for the loans at fair value. Pursuant to the agreements, Customers funds the pipelines for these mortgage lenders by sending payments directly to the closing agents for funded mortgage loans and receives proceeds directly from third party investors when the underlying mortgage loans are sold into the secondary market. The fair value of the mortgage warehouse loans is estimated as the amount of cash initially advanced to fund the mortgage, plus accrued interest and fees, as specified in the respective agreements. The interest rates on these loans are variable, and the lending transactions are short-term, with an average life under 30 days from purchase to sale. The primary goal of these lending transactions is to provide liquidity to mortgage companies. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all of Customers' commercial mortgage warehouse loans were current in terms of payment. As these loans are reported at their fair value, they do not have an ACL and are therefore excluded from ACL-related disclosures. Loans and leases receivable: The following tables summarize loans and leases receivable by loan and lease type and performance status as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019: June 30, 2020 (amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days past due 60-89 Days past due 90 Days or more past due Total past due Loans and leases not past due (2) Total loans and leases (3) Multi-family $ — $ 16,790 $ 7,013 $ 23,803 $ 1,558,036 $ 1,581,839 Commercial and industrial 523 123 9,974 10,620 2,088,822 2,099,442 Commercial real estate owner occupied — 4,888 4,022 8,910 535,862 544,772 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 97 — 30,257 30,354 1,214,419 1,244,773 Construction — — — — 128,834 128,834 Residential real estate 8,631 441 7,857 16,929 331,180 348,109 Manufactured housing (5) 1,172 — 5,069 6,241 60,624 66,865 Other consumer 11,415 — 4,887 16,302 1,241,511 1,257,813 Total $ 21,838 $ 22,242 $ 69,079 $ 113,159 $ 7,159,288 $ 7,272,447 December 31, 2019 (amounts in thousands) 30-89 Days past due (1) 90 Days or more past due (1) Total past due (1) Non-accrual Current (2) Purchased-credit-impaired loans (4) Total loans and leases (5) Multi-family $ 2,133 — $ 2,133 $ 4,117 $ 1,901,336 $ 1,688 $ 1,909,274 Commercial and industrial 2,395 — 2,395 4,531 1,882,700 354 1,889,980 Commercial real estate owner occupied 5,388 — 5,388 1,963 537,992 6,664 552,007 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 8,034 — 8,034 76 1,211,892 3,527 1,223,529 Construction — — — — 118,418 — 118,418 Residential real estate 5,924 — 5,924 6,128 359,491 3,471 375,014 Manufactured housing 3,699 1,794 5,493 1,655 61,649 1,601 70,398 Other consumer 5,756 $ — 5,756 1,551 1,170,793 183 1,178,283 Total $ 33,329 $ 1,794 $ 35,123 $ 20,021 $ 7,244,271 $ 17,488 $ 7,316,903 (1) Includes past due loans and leases that are accruing interest because collection is considered probable. (2) Loans and leases where next payment due is less than 30 days from the report date. The June 30, 2020 table excludes PPP loans of $4.8 billion which are all current as of June 30, 2020. (3) Includes purchased credit deteriorated loans of $15.7 million at June 30, 2020. (4) Purchased-credit-impaired loans aggregated into a pool are accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows, and the past due status of the pools, or that of the individual loans within the pools, is not meaningful. Due to the credit impaired nature of the loans, the loans are recorded at a discount reflecting estimated future cash flows and the Bank recognizes interest income on each pool of loans reflecting the estimated yield and passage of time. Such loans are considered to be performing. Purchased-credit-impaired loans that are not in pools accrete interest when the timing and amount of their expected cash flows are reasonably estimable, and are reported as performing loans. (5) Amounts exclude deferred costs and fees and unamortized premiums and discounts. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Bank had $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of residential real estate held in OREO. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Bank had initiated foreclosure proceedings on $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in loans secured by residential real estate. Nonaccrual Loans and Leases The following table presents the amortized cost of loans and leases on nonaccrual status. June 30, 2020 (1) December 31, 2019 (2) (amounts in thousands) Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance Nonaccrual loans with related allowance Total nonaccrual loans Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance Nonaccrual loans with related allowance Total nonaccrual loans Multi-family $ 4,004 $ 3,009 $ 7,013 $ 4,117 $ — $ 4,117 Commercial and industrial 9,000 974 9,974 3,083 1,448 4,531 Commercial real estate owner occupied 3,933 89 4,022 1,109 854 1,963 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 30,257 — 30,257 76 — 76 Construction — — — — — — Residential real estate 7,857 — 7,857 4,559 1,569 6,128 Manufactured housing 536 2,795 3,331 — 1,655 1,655 Other consumer 1,808 3,079 4,887 140 1,411 1,551 Total $ 57,395 $ 9,946 $ 67,341 $ 13,084 $ 6,937 $ 20,021 (1) Presented at amortized cost basis. (2) Amounts exclude deferred costs and fees and unamortized premiums and discounts. Interest income of $0.6 million and $0.3 million was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Interest income of $0.7 million and $0.5 million was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases The changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 are presented in the tables below. Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Multi-family Commercial and industrial Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Other consumer Total (amounts in thousands) Beginning balance, at March 31, 2020 $ 8,750 $ 18,806 $ 8,527 $ 18,530 $ 1,934 $ 4,180 $ 4,987 $ 83,569 $ 149,283 Charge-offs — (20) — (2,801) — — — (8,304) (11,125) Recoveries — 25 2 — 113 26 — 635 801 Provision for credit loss expense 5,947 (6,509) 2,876 10,764 3,250 344 1,027 3,247 20,946 Ending Balance, $ 14,697 $ 12,302 $ 11,405 $ 26,493 $ 5,297 $ 4,550 $ 6,014 $ 79,147 $ 159,905 Six Months Ended Ending Balance, $ 6,157 $ 15,556 $ 2,235 $ 6,243 $ 1,262 $ 3,218 $ 1,060 $ 20,648 $ 56,379 Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle 2,171 759 5,773 7,918 (98) 1,518 3,802 57,986 79,829 Charge-offs — (117) — (15,598) — — — (14,550) (30,265) Recoveries — 79 5 — 116 55 — 975 1,230 Provision for loan and lease losses 6,369 (3,975) 3,392 27,930 4,017 (241) 1,152 14,088 52,732 Ending Balance, $ 14,697 $ 12,302 $ 11,405 $ 26,493 $ 5,297 $ 4,550 $ 6,014 $ 79,147 $ 159,905 Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Multi-family Commercial and industrial Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Other consumer Total (amounts in thousands) Ending Balance, $ 10,630 $ 12,647 $ 3,425 $ 6,015 $ 584 $ 6,572 $ 117 $ 3,689 $ 43,679 Charge-offs — (183) (66) — — (69) — (932) (1,250) Recoveries 7 338 97 — 114 8 — 49 613 Provision for loan and lease losses (711) 934 (96) 144 (49) (2,343) 6 7,461 5,346 Ending Balance, $ 9,926 $ 13,736 $ 3,360 $ 6,159 $ 649 $ 4,168 $ 123 $ 10,267 $ 48,388 Six Months Ended Ending Balance, $ 11,462 $ 12,145 $ 3,320 $ 6,093 $ 624 $ 3,654 $ 145 $ 2,529 $ 39,972 Charge-offs (541) (183) (74) — — (109) — (1,687) (2,594) Recoveries 7 457 225 — 120 15 — 73 897 Provision for loan and lease losses (1,002) 1,317 (111) 66 (95) 608 (22) 9,352 10,113 Ending Balance, $ 9,926 $ 13,736 $ 3,360 $ 6,159 $ 649 $ 4,168 $ 123 $ 10,267 $ 48,388 At June 30, 2020, the ACL was $159.9 million, an increase of $23.7 million from the January 1, 2020 balance of $136.2 million. The increase resulted primarily from the impact of reserve build for the COVID-19 pandemic including the change in macroeconomic forecasts, an increase in net charge-offs, mostly attributed to the commercial real estate non-owner occupied and other consumer portfolios, and portfolio growth mainly in the other consumer portfolio. Commercial real estate non-owner occupied charge-offs are attributable to two collateral dependent loans. Other consumer charge-offs are attributable to delinquencies and defaults of originated and purchased unsecured other consumer loans through arrangements with fintech companies and other market place lenders. PPP loans include an embedded credit enhancement guarantee from the SBA, which guarantees 100% of all principal and interest owed by the borrower. Therefore, Customers did not include an ACL for PPP loans as of June 30, 2020. Troubled Debt Restructurings At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were $14.8 million and $13.3 million, respectively, in loans reported as TDRs. TDRs are reported as impaired loans in the calendar year of their restructuring and are evaluated to determine whether they should be placed on non-accrual status. In subsequent years, a TDR may be returned to accrual status if it satisfies a minimum performance requirement of six months, however, it will remain classified as impaired. Generally, the Bank requires sustained performance for nine months before returning a TDR to accrual status. Customers had no lease receivables that had been restructured as a TDR as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The CARES Act and certain regulatory agencies recently issued guidance stating certain loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial distress as a result of the economic impacts created by COVID-19 may not be required to be treated as TDRs under U.S GAAP. For COVID-19 related loan modifications which met the loan modification criteria under either the CARES Act or the criteria specified by the regulatory agencies, Customers elected to suspend TDR accounting for such loan modifications. At June 30, 2020, commercial and consumer deferments related to COVID-19 were $974.0 million and $81.1 million, respectively. The following table presents loans modified in a TDR by type of concession for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. There were no modifications that involved forgiveness of debt for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 2019 2020 2019 (dollars in thousands) Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Extensions of maturity 2 $ 140 — $ — 6 $ 385 2 $ 514 Interest-rate reductions 20 843 2 47 32 1,373 12 432 Total 22 $ 983 2 $ 47 38 $ 1,758 14 $ 946 As of June 30, 2020, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in TDRs. As of December 31, 2019, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in TDRs. The following table presents, by loan type, the number of loans modified in TDRs and the related recorded investment, for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification: June 30, 2020 June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Manufactured housing — $ — 3 $ 108 Commercial and industrial — — 1 — Commercial real estate owner occupied 1 958 — — Residential real estate 4 313 — — Total loans 5 $ 1,271 4 $ 108 Loans modified in TDRs are evaluated for impairment. The nature and extent of impairment of TDRs, including those which have experienced a subsequent default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of ACL. Purchased Credit-Deteriorated Loans Customers adopted ASC 326 using the prospective transition approach for financial assets purchased with credit deterioration that were previously classified as PCI and accounted for under ASC 310-30. In accordance with the standard, Customers did not reassess whether PCI assets met the criteria of PCD assets as of the date of adoption. On January 1, 2020, the amortized cost basis of the PCD assets were adjusted to reflect the addition of $0.2 million of the allowance for credit losses on PCD loans and leases. The remaining noncredit discount of $0.3 million, based on the adjusted amortized cost basis, will be accreted into interest income at the effective interest rate as of January 1, 2020. As of June 30, 2020, the amortized cost basis of PCD assets amounted to $15.7 million. Credit Quality Indicators The ACL represents management's estimate of expected losses in Customers' loans and leases receivable portfolio, excluding commercial mortgage warehouse loans reported at fair value pursuant to a fair value option election and PPP loans receivable. Multi-family, commercial and industrial, owner occupied commercial real estate, non-owner occupied commercial real estate, and construction loans are rated based on an internally assigned risk rating system which is assigned at the time of loan origination and reviewed on a periodic, or on an “as needed” basis. Residential real estate loans, manufactured housing and other consumer loans are evaluated based on the payment activity of the loan. To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the multi-family, commercial and industrial, owner occupied commercial real estate, non-owner occupied commercial real estate, and construction loan portfolios, and as an input in the ACL lifetime loss rate model for the C&I portfolio, the Bank utilizes the following categories of risk ratings: pass/satisfactory (includes risk rating 1 through 6), special mention, substandard, doubtful, and loss. The risk rating categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass/satisfactory ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers who do not have identified potential or well-defined weaknesses and for whom there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated periodically based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter. While assigning risk ratings involves judgment, the risk-rating process allows management to identify riskier credits in a timely manner and allocate the appropriate resources to manage those loans and leases. The 2019 Form 10-K describes Customers Bancorp’s risk rating grades. Risk ratings are not established for certain consumer loans, including residential real estate, home equity, manufactured housing, and installment loans, mainly because these portfolios consist of a larger number of homogeneous loans with smaller balances. Instead, these portfolios are evaluated for risk mainly based upon aggregate payment history through the monitoring of delinquency levels and trends and are classified as performing and non-performing. The following tables present the credit ratings of loans and leases receivable as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. PPP loans are excluded in the tables below as these loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Multi-family loans: Pass $ 124,920 $ 23,534 $ 170,856 $ 417,942 $ 264,780 $ 507,568 $ — $ — $ 1,509,600 Special mention — — — 19,509 1,960 17,753 — — 39,222 Substandard — — — 12,006 13,862 7,149 — — 33,017 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multi-family loans $ 124,920 $ 23,534 $ 170,856 $ 449,457 $ 280,602 $ 532,470 $ — $ — $ 1,581,839 Commercial and industrial loans and leases: Pass $ 439,083 $ 462,717 $ 152,557 $ 109,701 $ 52,470 $ 94,383 $ 698,721 $ — $ 2,009,632 Special mention — 7,258 2,297 17,402 116 25 17,957 — 45,055 Substandard 6,360 5,327 12,776 1,663 7,530 3,042 8,057 — 44,755 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans and leases $ 445,443 $ 475,302 $ 167,630 $ 128,766 $ 60,116 $ 97,450 $ 724,735 $ — $ 2,099,442 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans: Pass $ 31,240 $ 184,684 $ 86,611 $ 72,708 $ 48,643 $ 95,921 $ 1,628 $ — $ 521,435 Special mention — — 480 9,484 — 392 — — 10,356 Substandard — — — 350 2,255 10,376 — — 12,981 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate owner occupied loans $ 31,240 $ 184,684 $ 87,091 $ 82,542 $ 50,898 $ 106,689 $ 1,628 $ — $ 544,772 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied: Pass $ 117,101 $ 117,140 $ 117,600 $ 249,173 $ 199,822 $ 376,641 $ — $ — $ 1,177,477 Special mention — — — — — 10,477 — — 10,477 Substandard — — — — 2,437 26,461 — — 28,898 Doubtful — — 27,921 — — — — — 27,921 Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans $ 117,101 $ 117,140 $ 145,521 $ 249,173 $ 202,259 $ 413,579 $ — $ — $ 1,244,773 Construction: Pass $ 4,862 $ 88,550 $ 23,358 $ — $ 9,803 $ — $ 2,261 $ — $ 128,834 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total construction loans $ 4,862 $ 88,550 $ 23,358 $ — $ 9,803 $ — $ 2,261 $ — $ 128,834 Total commercial loans and leases receivable $ 723,566 $ 889,210 $ 594,456 $ 909,938 $ 603,678 $ 1,150,188 $ 728,624 $ — $ 5,599,660 Residential real estate loans: Performing $ 2,349 $ 54,663 $ 64,362 $ 67,128 $ 46,654 $ 83,669 $ 21,803 $ — $ 340,628 Non-performing 66 — 857 823 865 4,441 429 — 7,481 Total residential real estate loans $ 2,415 $ 54,663 $ 65,219 $ 67,951 $ 47,519 $ 88,110 $ 22,232 $ — $ 348,109 Manufactured housing loans: Performing $ — $ 311 $ 640 $ 80 $ 43 $ 62,072 $ — $ — $ 63,146 Non-performing — — — — — 3,719 — — 3,719 Total manufactured housing loans $ — $ 311 $ 640 $ 80 $ 43 $ 65,791 $ — $ — $ 66,865 Other consumer loans: Performing $ 165,436 $ 943,581 $ 135,926 $ 6,034 $ 648 $ 1,292 $ 32 $ — $ 1,252,949 Non-performing 243 3,610 853 23 — 135 — — 4,864 Total other consumer loans $ 165,679 $ 947,191 $ 136,779 $ 6,057 $ 648 $ 1,427 $ 32 $ — $ 1,257,813 Total consumer loans $ 168,094 $ 1,002,165 $ 202,638 $ 74,088 $ 48,210 $ 155,328 $ 22,264 $ — $ 1,672,787 Loans and leases receivable $ 891,660 $ 1,891,375 $ 797,094 $ 984,026 $ 651,888 $ 1,305,516 $ 750,888 $ — $ 7,272,447 December 31, 2019 (amounts in thousands) Multi-family Commercial and industrial Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Other consumer Total (3) Pass/Satisfactory $ 1,816,200 $ 1,841,074 $ 536,777 $ 1,129,838 $ 118,418 $ — $ — $ — $ 5,442,307 Special Mention 69,637 26,285 8,286 6,949 — — — — 111,157 Substandard 23,437 22,621 6,944 86,742 — — — — 139,744 Performing (1) — — — — — 362,962 63,250 1,170,976 1,597,188 Non-performing (2) — — — — — 12,052 7,148 7,307 26,507 Total $ 1,909,274 $ 1,889,980 $ 552,007 $ 1,223,529 $ 118,418 $ 375,014 $ 70,398 $ 1,178,283 $ 7,316,903 (1) Includes residential real estate, manufactured housing, and other consumer loans not assigned internal ratings. (2) Includes residential real estate, manufactured housing, and other consumer loans that are past due and still accruing interest or on nonaccrual status. (3) Excludes commercial mortgage warehouse loans reported at fair value. Loan Purchases and Sales Purchases and sales of loans were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (amounts in thousands) 2020 2019 2020 2019 Purchases (1) Residential real estate $ — $ 39,474 $ 495 $ 105,858 Other consumer (2) 18,008 384,116 209,768 450,252 Total $ 18,008 $ 423,590 $ 210,263 $ 556,110 Sales (3) Other consumer — — 1,822 — Total $ — $ — $ 1,822 $ — (1) Amounts reported in the above table are the unpaid principal balance at time of purchase. The purchase price was 98.5% and 100.6% of loans outstanding for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The purchase price was 100.4% and 99.9% of loans outstanding for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. (2) Other consumer loan purchases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 consist of third-party originated unsecured consumer loans. None of the loans are considered sub-prime at the time of origination. Customers considers sub-prime borrowers to be those with FICO scores below 660. (3) Amounts reported in the above table are the unpaid principal balance at time of sale. There were no loan sales in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. Loans Pledged as Collateral Customers has pledged eligible real estate and commercial and industrial loans as collateral for borrowings from the FHLB and FRB in the amount of $8.5 billion and $4.6 billion at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The increase in loans pledged as collateral relates to $4.4 billion of PPP loans that were pledged to the FRB in accordance with borrowing from the PPPLF. |