Loans and Leases Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases | LOANS AND LEASES RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS AND LEASES The following table presents loans and leases receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2021: December 31, (amounts in thousands) 2022 2021 Loans receivable, mortgage warehouse, at fair value $ 1,323,312 $ 2,284,325 Loans receivable, PPP 998,153 3,250,008 Loans and leases receivable: Commercial: Commercial and industrial: Specialty lending (1) 5,412,887 2,403,991 Other commercial and industrial 1,259,943 1,020,792 Multifamily 2,213,019 1,486,308 Commercial real estate owner occupied 885,339 654,922 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 1,290,730 1,121,238 Construction 162,009 198,981 Total commercial loans and leases receivable 11,223,927 6,886,232 Consumer: Residential real estate 497,952 334,730 Manufactured housing 45,076 52,861 Installment: Personal 964,641 1,392,862 Other 413,298 351,613 Total consumer loans receivable 1,920,967 2,132,066 Loans and leases receivable 13,144,894 9,018,298 Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases (130,924) (137,804) Total loans and leases receivable, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases (2) $ 15,335,435 $ 14,414,827 (1) Includes direct finance equipment leases of $157.4 million and $146.5 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. (2) Includes deferred (fees) costs and unamortized (discounts) premiums, net of $(21.5) million and $(52.0) million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively Customers' total loans and leases receivable portfolio includes loans receivable which are reported at fair value based on an election made to account for these loans at fair value and loans and leases receivable which are predominately reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs, deferred costs and fees and unamortized premiums and discounts, and are evaluated for impairment. The total amount of accrued interest recorded for total loans was $105.5 million and $81.6 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and is presented in accrued interest receivable Loans receivable, mortgage warehouse, at fair value Mortgage warehouse loans consist of commercial loans to mortgage companies. These mortgage warehouse lending transactions are subject to master repurchase agreements. As a result of the contractual provisions, for accounting purposes, control of the underlying mortgage loan has not transferred and the rewards and risks of the mortgage loans are not assumed by Customers. The mortgage warehouse loans are designated as loans held for investment and reported at fair value based on an election made to account for the loans at fair value. Pursuant to the agreements, Customers funds the pipelines for these mortgage lenders by sending payments directly to the closing agents for funded mortgage loans and receives proceeds directly from third party investors when the underlying mortgage loans are sold into the secondary market. The fair value of the mortgage warehouse loans is estimated as the amount of cash initially advanced to fund the mortgage, plus accrued interest and fees, as specified in the respective agreements. The interest rates on these loans are variable, and the lending transactions are short-term, with an average life under 30 days from purchase to sale. The primary goal of these lending transactions is to provide liquidity to mortgage companies. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, all of Customers' commercial mortgage warehouse loans were current in terms of payment. As these loans are reported at their fair value, they do not have an ACL and are therefore excluded from ACL-related disclosures. Loans receivable, PPP Customers had $1.0 billion and $3.3 billion of PPP loans outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are fully guaranteed by the SBA, provided that the SBA's eligibility criteria are met and earn a fixed interest rate of 1.00%. Customers recognized interest income, including net origination fees, of $79.4 million, $279.2 million and $65.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. PPP loans include an embedded credit enhancement from the SBA, which guarantees 100% of the principal and interest owed by the borrower provided that the SBA's eligibility criteria are met. As a result, the eligible PPP loans do not have an ACL and are therefore excluded from ACL-related disclosures. During the year ended December 31, 2022, $11.0 million of commercial and industrial loans originated under the PPP were subsequently determined to be ineligible for SBA forgiveness and guarantee. These loans were ultimately deemed uncollectible and charged off during the year ended December 31, 2022. Customers engages third-party service providers in servicing some of the PPP loans. During the year ended December 31, 2022, Customers reached a court-approved settlement with one of the third party PPP service providers, and recorded a gain of $7.5 million in non-interest income within the consolidated statements of income. Loans and leases receivable The following tables summarize loans and leases receivable by loan and lease type and performance status as of December 31, 2022 and 2021: December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days past due (1) 60-89 Days past due (1) 90 Days or more past due (2) Total past due Loans and leases not past due (3) Total loans and leases (4) Commercial and industrial, including specialty lending $ 3,123 $ 717 $ 1,415 $ 5,255 $ 6,667,575 $ 6,672,830 Multifamily 10,684 5,217 1,143 17,044 2,195,975 2,213,019 Commercial real estate owner occupied 5,173 — 2,704 7,877 877,462 885,339 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 2,136 — 11 2,147 1,288,583 1,290,730 Construction — — — — 162,009 162,009 Residential real estate 5,208 1,157 3,158 9,523 488,429 497,952 Manufactured housing 901 537 3,346 4,784 40,292 45,076 Installment 11,246 7,942 9,527 28,715 1,349,224 1,377,939 Total $ 38,471 $ 15,570 $ 21,304 $ 75,345 $ 13,069,549 $ 13,144,894 December 31, 2021 (amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days past due (1) 60-89 Days past due (1) 90 Days or more past due (2) Total past due Loans and leases not past due (3) Total loans and leases (4) Commercial and industrial, including specialty lending $ 2,093 $ 95 $ 5,929 $ 8,117 $ 3,416,666 $ 3,424,783 Multifamily 1,682 2,707 18,235 22,624 1,463,684 1,486,308 Commercial real estate owner occupied 287 — 1,304 1,591 653,331 654,922 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied — — 2,815 2,815 1,118,423 1,121,238 Construction — — — — 198,981 198,981 Residential real estate 4,655 789 4,390 9,834 324,896 334,730 Manufactured housing 2,308 768 4,949 8,025 44,836 52,861 Installment 7,349 4,295 3,783 15,427 1,729,048 1,744,475 Total $ 18,374 $ 8,654 $ 41,405 $ 68,433 $ 8,949,865 $ 9,018,298 (1) Includes past due loans and leases that are accruing interest because collection is considered probable. (2) Includes loans amounting to $1.9 million and $1.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, that are still accruing interest because collection is considered probable. (3) Loans and leases where next payment due is less than 30 days from the report date. The tables exclude PPP loans of $1.0 billion, of which $0.6 million were 30-59 days past due and $36.0 million were 60 days or more past due as of December 31, 2022, and PPP loans of $3.3 billion, of which $6.3 million were 30-59 days past due and $21.8 million were 60 days or more past due as of December 31, 2021. Claims for guarantee payments are submitted to the SBA for eligible PPP loans more than 60 days past due. (4) Includes PCD loans of $8.3 million and $9.9 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Nonaccrual Loans and Leases The following table presents the amortized cost of loans and leases held for investment on nonaccrual status. December 31, 2022 (1) December 31, 2021 (1) (amounts in thousands) Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance Nonaccrual loans with related allowance Total nonaccrual loans Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance Nonaccrual loans with related allowance Total nonaccrual loans Commercial and industrial, including specialty lending $ 1,731 $ 30 $ 1,761 $ 5,837 $ 259 $ 6,096 Multifamily 1,143 — 1,143 22,654 — 22,654 Commercial real estate owner occupied 2,768 — 2,768 2,475 — 2,475 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied — — — 2,815 — 2,815 Residential real estate 6,922 — 6,922 7,727 — 7,727 Manufactured housing — 2,410 2,410 — 3,563 3,563 Installment — 9,527 9,527 — 3,783 3,783 Total $ 12,564 $ 11,967 $ 24,531 $ 41,508 $ 7,605 $ 49,113 (1) Presented at amortized cost basis. Interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans was insignificant during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Accrued interest reversed when the loans went to nonaccrual status was insignificant during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases The changes in the ACL for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, and the loans and leases and ACL by loan and lease type are presented in the tables below. ACL as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is calculated in accordance with the CECL methodology as described in NOTE 2 – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION. Twelve months ended December 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial (1) Multifamily Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Installment Total (amounts in thousands) Ending Balance, $ 12,702 $ 4,477 $ 3,213 $ 6,210 $ 692 $ 2,383 $ 4,278 $ 103,849 $ 137,804 Charge-offs (2) (16,248) (1,990) — (6,075) — (17) — (52,866) (77,196) Recoveries 1,182 337 51 121 236 64 — 8,837 10,828 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases 19,946 11,717 3,190 10,963 985 3,664 152 8,871 59,488 Ending Balance, $ 17,582 $ 14,541 $ 6,454 $ 11,219 $ 1,913 $ 6,094 $ 4,430 $ 68,691 $ 130,924 Twelve months ended December 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial (1) Multifamily Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Installment Total (amounts in thousands) Ending Balance, $ 12,239 $ 12,620 $ 9,512 $ 19,452 $ 5,871 $ 3,977 $ 5,190 $ 75,315 $ 144,176 Charge-offs (1,550) (1,132) (749) (944) — (130) — (35,876) (40,381) Recoveries 1,102 — 500 84 125 54 — 4,718 6,583 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases 911 (7,011) (6,050) (12,382) (5,304) (1,518) (912) 59,692 27,426 Ending Balance, $ 12,702 $ 4,477 $ 3,213 $ 6,210 $ 692 $ 2,383 $ 4,278 $ 103,849 $ 137,804 Twelve months ended December 31, 2020 Commercial and industrial (1) Multifamily Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Installment Total (amounts in thousands) Ending Balance, $ 15,556 $ 6,157 $ 2,235 $ 6,243 $ 1,262 $ 3,218 $ 1,060 $ 20,648 $ 56,379 Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle 759 2,171 5,773 7,918 (98) 1,518 3,802 57,986 79,829 Charge-offs (3,158) — (78) (25,779) — (60) — (32,661) (61,736) Recoveries 3,019 — 28 1,293 128 86 — 2,376 6,930 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases (3,937) 4,292 1,554 29,777 4,579 (785) 328 26,966 62,774 Ending Balance, $ 12,239 $ 12,620 $ 9,512 $ 19,452 $ 5,871 $ 3,977 $ 5,190 $ 75,315 $ 144,176 (1) Includes specialty lending. (2) Charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2022 included $11.0 million of commercial and industrial loans originated under the PPP that were subsequently determined to be ineligible for SBA forgiveness and guarantee and were ultimately deemed uncollectible. At December 31, 2022, the ACL was $130.9 million, a decrease of $6.9 million from the December 31, 2021 balance of $137.8 million. The decrease in ACL for the year ended December 31, 2022 resulted primarily from the sale of consumer installment loans to a third-party sponsored VIE, partially offset by loan growth, deteriorating macroeconomic forecasts and increases in charge-offs primarily attributed to $11.0 million in commercial and industrial loans originated under the PPP that were subsequently determined to be ineligible for SBA forgiveness and guarantee and ultimately deemed uncollectible, a partial charge-off of $7.9 million for a performing non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan that Customers decided to exit, and higher charge-offs in consumer installment loans and overdrawn deposit accounts. Refer to NOTE 6 – INVESTMENT SECURITIES for additional information on the sale of consumer installment loans. At December 31, 2021, the ACL was $137.8 million, a decrease of $6.4 million from the December 31, 2020 balance of $144.2 million. The decrease in ACL for the year ended December 31, 2021 resulted primarily from a decrease in provision for credit losses from continuing improvement in macroeconomic forecasts since the COVID-19 pandemic began in early 2020, partially offset by increases in provision for credit losses and net charge-offs, mostly attributed to the consumer installment loan portfolio growth. Troubled Debt Restructurings At December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, there were $16.8 million, $16.5 million and $16.1 million, respectively, in loans reported as TDRs. TDRs are reported as impaired loans in the calendar year of their restructuring and are evaluated to determine whether they should be placed on non-accrual status. In subsequent years, a TDR may be returned to accrual status if it satisfies a minimum performance requirement of six months, however, it will remain classified as impaired. Generally, the Bank requires sustained performance for nine months before returning a TDR to accrual status. Customers had no lease receivables that had been restructured as a TDR as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Section 4013 of the CARES Act, as amended by the CAA, gave entities temporary relief from the accounting and disclosure requirements for TDRs until January 1, 2022. In addition, on April 7, 2020, certain regulatory banking agencies issued an interagency statement that offered practical expedients for evaluating whether loan modifications in response to the COVID-19 pandemic were TDRs. For COVID-19 related loan modifications which met the loan modification criteria under either the CARES Act or the criteria specified by the regulatory agencies, Customers elected to suspend TDR accounting for such loan modifications. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no commercial or consumer deferments related to COVID-19. At December 31, 2021, there were no commercial deferments related to COVID-19 and consumer deferments related to COVID-19 were $6.1 million. The following table presents loans modified in a TDR by type of concession for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. There were no modifications that involved forgiveness of debt for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 (dollars in thousands) Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Extensions of maturity — $ — — $ — 6 $ 385 Interest-rate reductions 18 582 17 622 35 1,479 Other (1) 241 2,748 185 2,875 80 1,813 Total 259 $ 3,330 202 $ 3,497 121 $ 3,677 (1) Other includes covenant modifications, forbearance, loans discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy, or other concessions. As of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 there were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in TDRs. The following table presents, by loan type, the number of loans modified in TDRs and the related recorded investment, for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification: December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Number of loans Recorded investment Installment 212 $ 2,206 21 $ 263 15 $ 226 Residential real estate 2 201 1 121 3 152 Manufactured housing 15 491 2 71 6 236 Total loans 229 $ 2,898 24 $ 455 24 $ 614 Loans modified in TDRs are evaluated for impairment. The nature and extent of impairment of TDRs, including those which have experienced a subsequent default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of ACL. Credit Quality Indicators The ACL represents management's estimate of expected losses in Customers' loans and leases receivable portfolio, excluding commercial mortgage warehouse loans reported at fair value pursuant to a fair value option election and PPP loans receivable. Commercial and industrial, multifamily, owner occupied commercial real estate, non-owner occupied commercial real estate, and construction loans are rated based on an internally assigned risk rating system which is assigned at the time of loan origination and reviewed on a periodic, or on an “as needed” basis. Residential real estate loans, manufactured housing and installment loans are evaluated based on the payment activity of the loan. To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial and industrial, multifamily, owner occupied commercial real estate, non-owner occupied commercial real estate, and construction loan portfolios, and as an input in the ACL lifetime loss rate model for the commercial and industrial portfolio, the Bank utilizes the following categories of risk ratings: pass/satisfactory (includes risk rating 1 through 6), special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. The risk rating categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers who do not have identified potential or well-defined weaknesses and for whom there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated periodically based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter. While assigning risk ratings involves judgment, the risk-rating process allows management to identify riskier credits in a timely manner and allocate the appropriate resources to manage those loans and leases. The risk rating grades are defined as follows: “1” – Pass / Excellent Loans and leases rated 1 represent a credit extension of the highest quality. The borrower’s historic (at least five years) cash flows manifest extremely large and stable margins of coverage. Balance sheets are conservative, well capitalized, and liquid. After considering debt service for proposed and existing debt, projected cash flows continue to be strong and provide ample coverage. The borrower typically reflects broad geographic and product diversification and has access to alternative financial markets. “2” – Pass / Superior Loans and leases rated 2 are those for which the borrower has a strong financial condition, balance sheet, operations, cash flow, debt capacity and coverage with ratios better than industry norms. The borrowers of these loans and leases exhibit a limited leverage position, are virtually immune to local economies, and are in stable growing industries. The management team is well respected, and the company has ready access to public markets. “3” – Pass / Strong Loans and leases rated 3 are those loans and leases for which the borrowers have above average financial condition and flexibility; more than satisfactory debt service coverage; balance sheet and operating ratios are consistent with or better than industry peers; operate in industries with little risk; move in diversified markets; and are experienced and competent in their industry. These borrowers’ access to capital markets is limited mostly to private sources, often secured, but the borrower typically has access to a wide range of refinancing alternatives. “4” – Pass / Good Loans and leases rated 4 have a sound primary and secondary source of repayment. The borrower may have access to alternative sources of financing, but sources are not as widely available as they are to a higher-grade borrower. These loans and leases carry a normal level of risk with very low loss exposure. The borrower has the ability to perform according to the terms of the credit facility. The margins of cash flow coverage are satisfactory but vulnerable to more rapid deterioration than the higher-quality loans and leases. “5” – Satisfactory Loans and leases rated 5 are extended to borrowers who are considered to be a reasonable credit risk and demonstrate the ability to repay the debt from normal business operations. Risk factors may include reliability of margins and cash flows, liquidity, dependence on a single product or industry, cyclical trends, depth of management, or limited access to alternative financing sources. The borrower’s historical financial information may indicate erratic performance, but current trends are positive and the quality of financial information is adequate, but is not as detailed and sophisticated as information found on higher grade loans. If adverse circumstances arise, the impact on the borrower may be significant. “6” – Satisfactory / Bankable with Care Loans and leases rated 6 are those for which the borrower has higher than normal credit risk; however, cash flow and asset values are generally intact. These borrowers may exhibit declining financial characteristics, with increasing leverage and decreasing liquidity and may have limited resources and access to financial alternatives. Signs of weakness in these borrowers may include delinquent taxes, trade slowness and eroding profit margins. “7” – Special Mention Loans and leases rated 7 are credit facilities that may have potential developing weaknesses and deserve extra attention from the account manager and other management personnel. In the event potential weaknesses are not corrected or mitigated, deterioration in the ability of the borrower to repay the debt in the future may occur. This grade is not assigned to loans and leases that bear certain peculiar risks normally associated with the type of financing involved, unless circumstances have caused the risk to increase to a level higher than would have been acceptable when the credit was originally approved. Loans and leases where significant actual, not potential, weaknesses or problems are clearly evident are graded in the category below. “8” – Substandard Loans and leases are rated 8 when the loans and leases are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans and leases so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the company will sustain some loss if the weaknesses are not corrected. “9” – Doubtful The Bank assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases that have all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a proposed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceeding, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral or refinancing plans. “10” – Loss The Bank assigns a loss rating to loans and leases considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as an active asset is not warranted. Amounts classified as loss are immediately charged off. PPP loans are excluded in the tables below as these loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA. Risk ratings are not established for certain consumer loans, including residential real estate, home equity, manufactured housing, and installment loans, mainly because these portfolios consist of a larger number of homogeneous loans with smaller balances. Instead, these portfolios are evaluated for risk mainly based upon aggregate payment history through the monitoring of delinquency levels and trends and are classified as performing and non-performing. The following tables present the credit ratings of loans and leases receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year as of December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Commercial and industrial loans and leases, including specialty lending: Pass $ 3,206,250 $ 682,132 $ 242,516 $ 198,866 $ 56,572 $ 83,417 $ 2,066,349 $ — $ 6,536,102 Special mention 11,134 6,023 27,780 — 1,501 172 2,599 — 49,209 Substandard — 22,917 967 8,431 6,713 39,554 8,937 — 87,519 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans and leases $ 3,217,384 $ 711,072 $ 271,263 $ 207,297 $ 64,786 $ 123,143 $ 2,077,885 $ — $ 6,672,830 Multifamily loans: Pass $ 1,260,544 $ 364,047 $ 130,656 $ 22,167 $ 112,212 $ 203,215 $ — $ — $ 2,092,841 Special mention — — — — 4,959 50,858 — — 55,817 Substandard — 1,500 — — — 62,861 — — 64,361 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily loans $ 1,260,544 $ 365,547 $ 130,656 $ 22,167 $ 117,171 $ 316,934 $ — $ — $ 2,213,019 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans: Pass $ 293,096 $ 220,515 $ 105,925 $ 90,752 $ 34,196 $ 121,616 $ — $ — $ 866,100 Special mention — — — — 134 1,841 — — 1,975 Substandard — — — 134 10,569 6,561 — — 17,264 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate owner occupied loans $ 293,096 $ 220,515 $ 105,925 $ 90,886 $ 44,899 $ 130,018 $ — $ — $ 885,339 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied: Pass $ 339,044 $ 119,304 $ 156,281 $ 73,827 $ 62,237 $ 386,235 $ — $ — $ 1,136,928 Special mention — — 21,211 — — 10,617 — — 31,828 Substandard 10,910 — — 28,656 8,198 74,210 — — 121,974 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans $ 349,954 $ 119,304 $ 177,492 $ 102,483 $ 70,435 $ 471,062 $ — $ — $ 1,290,730 Construction: Pass $ 72,177 $ 36,114 $ 9,537 $ 28,644 $ 4,696 $ 9,112 $ 1,729 $ — $ 162,009 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total construction loans $ 72,177 $ 36,114 $ 9,537 $ 28,644 $ 4,696 $ 9,112 $ 1,729 $ — $ 162,009 Total commercial loans and leases receivable $ 5,193,155 $ 1,452,552 $ 694,873 $ 451,477 $ 301,987 $ 1,050,269 $ 2,079,614 $ — $ 11,223,927 Residential real estate loans: Performing $ 162,217 $ 148,217 $ 7,224 $ 17,128 $ 10,739 $ 77,762 $ 67,782 $ — $ 491,069 Non-performing 271 366 238 441 1,425 3,357 785 — 6,883 Total residential real estate loans $ 162,488 $ 148,583 $ 7,462 $ 17,569 $ 12,164 $ 81,119 $ 68,567 $ — $ 497,952 Manufactured housing loans: Performing $ — $ — $ — $ 213 $ 103 $ 41,918 $ — $ — $ 42,234 Non-performing — — — — — 2,842 — — 2,842 Total manufactured housing loans $ — $ — $ — $ 213 $ 103 $ 44,760 $ — $ — $ 45,076 Installment loans: Performing $ 785,699 $ 305,729 $ 100,173 $ 100,570 $ 8,430 $ 782 $ 64,690 $ — $ 1,366,073 Non-performing 5,164 4,356 1,023 1,111 61 59 92 — 11,866 Total installment loans $ 790,863 $ 310,085 $ 101,196 $ 101,681 $ 8,491 $ 841 $ 64,782 $ — $ 1,377,939 Total consumer loans $ 953,351 $ 458,668 $ 108,658 $ 119,463 $ 20,758 $ 126,720 $ 133,349 $ — $ 1,920,967 Loans and leases receivable $ 6,146,506 $ 1,911,220 $ 803,531 $ 570,940 $ 322,745 $ 1,176,989 $ 2,212,963 $ — $ 13,144,894 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year as of December 31, 2021 (amounts in thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Commercial and industrial loans and leases, including specialty lending: Pass $ 974,016 $ 337,045 $ 266,677 $ 86,691 $ 55,536 $ 89,860 $ 1,484,287 $ — $ 3,294,112 Special mention 476 1,408 3,325 4,904 36,252 92 14,662 — 61,119 Substandard 18,786 10,257 9,543 11,586 5,682 6,764 6,934 — 69,552 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans and leases $ 993,278 $ 348,710 $ 279,545 $ 103,181 $ 97,470 $ 96,716 $ 1,505,883 $ — $ 3,424,783 Multifamily loans: Pass $ 403,075 $ 133,452 $ 23,068 $ 209,070 $ 282,663 $ 316,491 $ — $ — $ 1,367,819 Special mention — — — 9,936 18,489 28,776 — — 57,201 Substandard — — — — 38,216 23,072 — — 61,288 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily loans $ 403,075 $ 133,452 $ 23,068 $ 219,006 $ 339,368 $ 368,339 $ — $ — $ 1,486,308 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans: Pass $ 213,102 $ 59,348 $ 124,626 $ 60,993 $ 58,073 $ 99,219 $ 672 $ — $ 616,033 Special mention — — 2,876 318 2,044 572 — — 5,810 Substandard — — 3,750 9,682 8,824 10,823 — — 33,079 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate owner occupied loans $ 213,102 $ 59,348 $ 131,252 $ 70,993 $ 68,941 $ 110,614 $ 672 $ — $ 654,922 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied: Pass $ 136,897 $ 149,898 $ 95,504 $ 66,040 $ 153,509 $ 310,435 $ — $ — $ 912,283 Special mention — 21,694 11,113 9,373 43,215 20,540 — — 105,935 Substandard — — — 35,846 20,516 46,658 — — 103,020 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans $ 136,897 $ 171,592 $ 106,617 $ 111,259 $ 217,240 $ 377,633 $ — $ — $ 1,121,238 Construction: Pass $ 57,105 $ 49,199 $ 77,622 $ 4,828 $ — $ 9,414 $ 813 $ — $ 198,981 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total construction loans $ 57,105 $ 49,199 $ 77,622 $ 4,828 $ — $ 9,414 $ 813 $ — $ 198,981 Total commercial loans and leases receivable $ 1,803,457 $ 762,301 $ 618,104 $ 509,267 $ 723,019 $ 962,716 $ 1,507,368 $ — $ 6,886,232 Residential real estate loans: Performing $ 107,854 $ 8,251 $ 21,096 $ 11,389 $ 6,707 $ 84,035 $ 87,438 $ — $ 326,770 Non-performing — — 335 1,015 669 3,587 2,354 — 7,960 Total residential real estate loans $ 107,854 $ 8,251 $ 21,431 $ 12,404 $ 7,376 $ 87,622 $ 89,792 $ — $ 334,730 Manufactured housing loans: Performing $ — $ — $ 253 $ 299 $ 73 $ 47,537 $ — $ — $ 48,162 Non-performing — — — — — 4,699 — — 4,699 Total manufactured housing loans $ — $ — $ 253 $ 299 $ 73 $ 52,236 $ — $ — $ 52,861 Installment loans: Performing $ 973,525 $ 390,788 $ 341,582 $ 31,481 $ 1,601 $ 1,016 $ 25 $ — $ 1,740,018 Non-performing 1,162 1,002 2,074 156 2 61 — — 4,457 Total installment loans $ 974,687 $ 391,790 $ 343,656 $ 31,637 $ 1,603 $ 1,077 $ 25 $ — $ 1,744,475 Total consumer loans $ 1,082,541 $ 400,041 $ 365,340 $ 44,340 $ 9,052 $ 140,935 $ 89,817 $ — $ 2,132,066 Loans and leases receivable $ 2,885,998 $ 1,162,342 $ 983,444 $ 553,607 $ 732,071 $ 1,103,651 $ 1,597,185 $ — $ 9,018,298 Loan Purchases and Sales Purchases and sales of loans were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020: For the Years Ended December 31, (amounts in thousands) 2022 2021 2020 Purchases (1) Other commercial and industrial $ 2,975 $ — $ — Loans receivable, PPP — 1,536,213 — Residential real estate 207,251 92,939 495 Personal installment (2) 123,785 178,970 108,226 Other installment (2) 149,969 99,100 161,458 Total $ 483,980 $ 1,907,222 $ 270,179 Sales (3) Specialty lending $ 2,200 $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial (4) 22,880 47,142 6,940 Multifamily 2,879 36,900 — Commercial real estate owner occupied (4) 8,960 19,420 — Commercial real estate non-owner occupied — 18,366 17,600 Residential real estate — 63,932 — Personal installment (5) 500,001 212,255 — Other installment — — 1,822 Total $ 536,920 $ 398,015 $ 26,362 (1) Amounts reported represent the unpaid principal balance at time of purchase. The purchase price was 99.1%, 100.8% and 100.3% of the loans' unpaid principal balance for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. (2) Installment loan purchases for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 consist of third-party originated unsecured consumer loans. None of the loans held for investment are considered sub-prime at the time of origination. Customers considers sub-prime borrowers to be those with FICO scores below 660. (3) For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, loan sales resulted in net losses of $20.3 million and net gains of $12.9 million and $2.0 million, respectively, included in gain (loss) on sale of SBA and other loans and in loss on sale of consumer installment loans (refer to (5) below) in the consolidated statements of income. (4) Primarily sales of SBA loans. (5) |