LOANS AND LEASES RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS AND LEASES | LOANS AND LEASES RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS AND LEASES The following table presents loans and leases receivable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. (amounts in thousands) September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Loans and leases receivable: Commercial: Commercial and industrial: Specialized lending (1) $ 5,468,507 $ 5,006,693 Other commercial and industrial (2) 1,204,426 1,279,147 Multifamily 2,115,978 2,138,622 Commercial real estate owner occupied 981,904 797,319 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 1,326,591 1,177,650 Construction 174,509 166,393 Total commercial loans and leases receivable 11,271,915 10,565,824 Consumer: Residential real estate 500,786 484,435 Manufactured housing 34,481 38,670 Installment: Personal 453,739 555,533 Other 266,362 319,393 Total consumer loans receivable 1,255,368 1,398,031 Loans and leases receivable 12,527,283 11,963,855 Loans receivable, mortgage finance, at fair value 1,250,413 897,912 Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases (133,158) (135,311) Total loans and leases receivable, net of allowance for credit losses on loans and leases (3) $ 13,644,538 $ 12,726,456 (1) Includes direct finance and sales-type equipment leases of $254.3 million and $205.7 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. (2) Includes PPP loans of $30.5 million and $74.7 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. (3) Includes deferred (fees) costs and unamortized (discounts) premiums, net of $(18.1) million and $(22.7) million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Customers’ total loans and leases receivable includes loans receivable reported at fair value based on an election made to account for these loans at fair value, and loans and leases receivable predominately reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs, deferred costs and fees, unamortized premiums and discounts, and evaluated for impairment. The total amount of accrued interest recorded for total loans was $89.2 million and $95.0 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and is presented in accrued interest receivable in the consolidated balance sheet. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were $31.7 million and $15.8 million of individually evaluated loans that were collateral-dependent, respectively. Substantially all individually evaluated loans were collateral-dependent and consisted primarily of commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, and residential real estate loans. Collateral-dependent commercial and industrial loans were secured by accounts receivable, inventory and equipment; collateral-dependent commercial real estate loans were secured by commercial real estate assets; and residential real estate loans were secured by residential real estate assets. Loans and leases receivable The following tables summarize loans and leases receivable by loan and lease type and performance status as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023: September 30, 2024 (amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days past due (1) 60-89 Days past due (1) 90 Days or more past due (2) Total past due Loans and leases not past due (3)(4) Total loans and leases (4) Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending $ 540 $ 660 $ 3,519 $ 4,719 $ 6,637,746 $ 6,642,465 Multifamily — — 11,834 11,834 2,104,144 2,115,978 Commercial real estate owner occupied — 391 8,591 8,982 972,922 981,904 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 293 701 62 1,056 1,325,535 1,326,591 Construction — — — — 174,509 174,509 Residential real estate 3,320 5,944 3,995 13,259 487,527 500,786 Manufactured housing 623 200 2,263 3,086 31,395 34,481 Installment 5,266 7,297 6,328 18,891 701,210 720,101 Total $ 10,042 $ 15,193 $ 36,592 $ 61,827 $ 12,434,988 $ 12,496,815 December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands) 30-59 Days past due (1) 60-89 Days past due (1) 90 Days or more past due (2) Total past due Loans and leases not past due (3)(4) Total loans and leases (4) Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending $ 1,516 $ 322 $ 4,153 $ 5,991 $ 6,205,114 $ 6,211,105 Multifamily 16,003 — — 16,003 2,122,619 2,138,622 Commercial real estate owner occupied 449 3,814 5,827 10,090 787,229 797,319 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 16,653 — — 16,653 1,160,997 1,177,650 Construction — — — — 166,393 166,393 Residential real estate 10,504 2,255 3,764 16,523 467,912 484,435 Manufactured housing 1,152 343 2,869 4,364 34,306 38,670 Installment 9,255 7,866 7,211 24,332 850,594 874,926 Total $ 55,532 $ 14,600 $ 23,824 $ 93,956 $ 11,795,164 $ 11,889,120 (1) Includes past due loans and leases that are accruing interest because collection is considered probable. (2) Includes loans amounting to $0.4 million and $0.5 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, that are still accruing interest because collection is considered probable. (3) Loans and leases where next payment due is less than 30 days from the report date. The tables exclude PPP loans of $30.5 million, of which $0.5 million were 30-59 days past due and $17.1 million were 60 days or more past due as of September 30, 2024, and PPP loans of $74.7 million, of which $0.7 million were 30-59 days past due and $48.5 million were 60 days or more past due as of December 31, 2023. Claims for guarantee payments are submitted to the SBA for eligible PPP loans that are more than 60 days past due. (4) Includes PCD loans of $127.0 million and $157.2 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Nonaccrual Loans and Leases The following table presents the amortized cost of loans and leases held for investment on nonaccrual status. September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands) Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance Nonaccrual loans with related allowance Total nonaccrual loans Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance Nonaccrual loans with related allowance Total nonaccrual loans Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending $ 4,598 $ 17 $ 4,615 $ 3,365 $ 1,071 $ 4,436 Multifamily 11,834 — 11,834 — — — Commercial real estate owner occupied 4,590 4,023 8,613 5,869 — 5,869 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 763 — 763 — — — Residential real estate 7,467 530 7,997 6,685 117 6,802 Manufactured housing — 1,869 1,869 — 2,331 2,331 Installment — 6,328 6,328 — 7,211 7,211 Total $ 29,252 $ 12,767 $ 42,019 $ 15,919 $ 10,730 $ 26,649 Interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans was insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Accrued interest reversed when the loans went to nonaccrual status was insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Loans receivable, mortgage finance, at fair value Mortgage finance loans consist of commercial loans to mortgage companies. These mortgage finance lending transactions are subject to master repurchase agreements. As a result of the contractual provisions, for accounting purposes, control of the underlying mortgage loan has not transferred and the rewards and risks of the mortgage loans are not assumed by Customers. The mortgage finance loans are designated as loans held for investment and reported at fair value based on an election made to account for the loans at fair value. Pursuant to the agreements, Customers funds the pipelines for these mortgage lenders by sending payments directly to the closing agents for funded mortgage loans and receives proceeds directly from third party investors when the underlying mortgage loans are sold into the secondary market. The fair value of the mortgage finance loans is estimated as the amount of cash initially advanced to fund the mortgage, plus accrued interest and fees, as specified in the respective agreements. The interest rates on these loans are variable, and the lending transactions are short-term, with an average life under 30 days from purchase to sale. The primary goal of these lending transactions is to provide liquidity to mortgage companies. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of Customers’ mortgage finance loans were current in terms of payment. As these loans are reported at their fair value, they do not have an ACL and are therefore excluded from ACL-related disclosures. Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases The changes in the ACL on loans and leases by loan and lease type for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are presented in the tables below. (amounts in thousands) Commercial and industrial (1)(2) Multifamily Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Installment Total Three Months Ended Ending Balance, June 30, 2024 $ 23,721 $ 20,652 $ 8,431 $ 17,966 $ 1,856 $ 5,884 $ 4,094 $ 49,832 $ 132,436 Charge-offs (6,538) (2,167) (4) — — (19) — (12,496) (21,224) Recoveries 1,482 — — — 3 40 — 2,655 4,180 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases 6,526 (395) 2,486 (663) (253) (68) (13) 10,146 17,766 Ending Balance, $ 25,191 $ 18,090 $ 10,913 $ 17,303 $ 1,606 $ 5,837 $ 4,081 $ 50,137 $ 133,158 Nine Months Ended Ending Balance, $ 23,503 $ 16,343 $ 9,882 $ 16,859 $ 1,482 $ 6,586 $ 4,239 $ 56,417 $ 135,311 Charge-offs (19,282) (4,073) (26) — — (38) — (43,356) (66,775) Recoveries 4,889 — — — 10 61 — 8,092 13,052 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases 16,081 5,820 1,057 444 114 (772) (158) 28,984 51,570 Ending Balance, $ 25,191 $ 18,090 $ 10,913 $ 17,303 $ 1,606 $ 5,837 $ 4,081 $ 50,137 $ 133,158 (amounts in thousands) Commercial and industrial (1)(2) Multifamily Commercial real estate owner occupied Commercial real estate non-owner occupied Construction Residential real estate Manufactured housing Installment Total Three Months Ended Ending Balance, June 30, 2023 $ 29,092 $ 15,400 $ 10,215 $ 13,495 $ 2,639 $ 6,846 $ 4,338 $ 57,631 $ 139,656 Charge-offs (9,008) (1,999) (39) — — (42) — (18,932) (30,020) Recoveries 6,034 — — — — 29 — 6,459 12,522 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases (1,132) 2,469 187 2,324 491 (31) (258) 13,005 17,055 Ending Balance, $ 24,986 $ 15,870 $ 10,363 $ 15,819 $ 3,130 $ 6,802 $ 4,080 $ 58,163 $ 139,213 Nine Months Ended Ending Balance, $ 17,582 $ 14,541 $ 6,454 $ 11,219 $ 1,913 $ 6,094 $ 4,430 $ 68,691 $ 130,924 Allowance for credit losses on FDIC PCD loans, net of charge-offs (3) 2,576 — — — — — — — 2,576 Charge-offs (9,600) (3,447) (39) (4,527) — (69) — (52,031) (69,713) Recoveries 6,439 — 34 27 116 34 — 11,350 18,000 Provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans and leases 7,989 4,776 3,914 9,100 1,101 743 (350) 30,153 57,426 Ending Balance, $ 24,986 $ 15,870 $ 10,363 $ 15,819 $ 3,130 $ 6,802 $ 4,080 $ 58,163 $ 139,213 (1) Includes specialized lending. (2) PPP loans include an embedded credit enhancement from the SBA, which guarantees 100% of the principal and interest owed by the borrower provided that the SBA’s eligibility criteria are met. As a result, the eligible PPP loans do not have an ACL. (3) Represents $8.7 million of allowance for credit losses on PCD loans recognized upon acquisition of a venture banking loan portfolio (included within specialized lending) from the FDIC on June 15, 2023, net of $6.2 million of charge-offs for certain of these PCD loans upon acquisition. At September 30, 2024, the ACL on loans and leases was $133.2 million, a decrease of $2.2 million from the December 31, 2023 balance of $135.3 million. The decrease in ACL for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily attributable to slight improvements in macroeconomic forecasts and a decrease in consumer installment loan balances held for investment. Loan Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty A borrower is considered to be experiencing financial difficulty when there is a significant doubt about the borrower’s ability to make the required principal and interest payments on the loan or to get an equivalent financing from another creditor at a market rate for a similar loan. When borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty, Customers may make certain loan modifications as part of loss mitigation strategies to maximize expected payment. To be classified as a modification made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the modification must be in the form of an interest rate reduction, principal forgiveness, or an other-than-insignificant payment delay (payment deferral), term extension, or combinations thereof. Customers will generally try other forms of relief before principal forgiveness. Any contractual reduction in the amount of principal due without receiving payment or assets is considered forgiveness. For the purpose of this disclosure, Customers considers any contractual change in interest rate that results in a reduction in interest rate relative to the current stated interest rate as an interest rate reduction. Generally, Customers considers any delay in payment of greater than 90 days in the last 12 months to be significant. Term extensions extend the original contractual maturity of the loan. For the purpose of this disclosure, modification of contingent payment features or covenants that would have accelerated payment are not considered term extensions. The following table presents the amortized cost of loans that were modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of modification granted. Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 (dollars in thousands) Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiveness Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension Total Percentage of Total by Financing Class Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending $ — $ — $ 4,800 $ — $ — $ 4,800 0.07 % Manufactured housing — 18 — — 79 97 0.28 % Personal installment 266 1,770 55 37 — 2,128 0.47 % Total $ 266 $ 1,788 $ 4,855 $ 37 $ 79 $ 7,025 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands) Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiveness Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension Total Percentage of Total by Financing Class Manufactured housing $ — $ — $ — $ 99 $ 99 0.25 % Personal installment 3,863 210 28 — 4,101 0.42 % Total $ 3,863 $ 210 $ 28 $ 99 $ 4,200 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 (dollars in thousands) Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiveness Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension Total Percentage of Total by Financing Class Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending $ — $ 2,000 $ 8,049 $ — $ — $ 10,049 0.15 % Multifamily — — 10,713 — — 10,713 0.51 % Residential real estate — — 52 — — 52 0.01 % Manufactured housing — 96 — — 128 224 0.65 % Personal installment 266 4,970 178 93 — 5,507 1.21 % Total $ 266 $ 7,066 $ 18,992 $ 93 $ 128 $ 26,545 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands) Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiveness Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension Total Percentage of Total by Financing Class Commercial real estate owner occupied $ 169 $ — $ — $ — $ 169 0.02 % Manufactured housing 6 — — 113 119 0.30 % Personal installment 10,910 442 222 — 11,574 1.20 % Total $ 11,085 $ 442 $ 222 $ 113 $ 11,862 As of September 30, 2024, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors experiencing financial difficulty whose loans have been modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The following table summarizes the impacts of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Weighted Average Weighted Average (dollars in thousands) Interest Rate Reduction (%) Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiven Interest Rate Reduction (%) Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiven Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending —% 0 10 $ — —% 0 0 $ — Manufactured housing 3.8 115 0 — 4.4 31 0 — Personal installment 13.6 5 7 12 — 6 6 20 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Weighted Average Weighted Average (dollars in thousands) Interest Rate Reduction (%) Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiven Interest Rate Reduction (%) Term Extension Payment Deferral Debt Forgiven Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending — % 1 8 $ — — % 0 0 $ — Multifamily — 0 5 — — 0 0 — Commercial real estate owner occupied — 0 0 — — 4 0 — Residential real estate — 0 5 — — 0 0 — Manufactured housing 4.0 78 0 — 4.3 30 0 — Personal installment 13.6 5 7 153 — 6 6 183 The performance of loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in which modifications were made is closely monitored to understand the effectiveness of modification efforts. Loans are considered to be in payment default at 90 days or more past due. The following table presents an aging analysis of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in the twelve months ended September 30, 2024 and the nine months ended ended September 30, 2023. September 30, 2024 (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days past due 60-89 Days past due 90 Days or more past due Current Total Commercial and industrial, including specialized lending $ — $ — $ 230 $ 22,395 $ 22,625 Multifamily — — — 10,713 10,713 Residential real estate — — — 52 52 Manufactured housing 19 24 37 269 349 Personal installment 436 331 665 7,393 8,825 Total $ 455 $ 355 $ 932 $ 40,822 $ 42,564 September 30, 2023 (1) (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days past due 60-89 Days past due 90 Days or more past due Current Total Commercial real estate owner occupied $ — $ — $ 169 $ — $ 169 Manufactured housing — — — 119 119 Personal installment 837 565 354 9,820 11,576 Total $ 837 $ 565 $ 523 $ 9,939 $ 11,864 (1) Customers adopted ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures (“ASU 2022-02”) effective January 1, 2023, therefore, the September 30, 2023 balances only include loans since ASU 2022-02 became effective. The loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the twelve months ended September 30, 2024 that subsequently defaulted were not material. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the loans that were made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that subsequently defaulted were not material. Customers’ ACL is influenced by loan level characteristics that inform the assessed propensity to default. As such, the provision for credit losses is impacted by changes in such loan level characteristics, such as payment performance. Loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty can be classified as either accrual or nonaccrual. Credit Quality Indicators The ACL represents management’s estimate of expected losses in Customers’ loans and leases receivable portfolio, excluding mortgage finance loans reported at fair value pursuant to a fair value option election and PPP loans receivable. Commercial and industrial including specialized lending, multifamily, owner occupied commercial real estate, non-owner occupied commercial real estate, and construction loans are rated based on an internally assigned risk rating system which is assigned at the time of loan origination and reviewed on a periodic, or on an “as needed” basis. Residential real estate, manufactured housing and installment loans are evaluated based on the payment activity of the loan. To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial and industrial including specialized lending, multifamily, owner occupied commercial real estate, non-owner occupied commercial real estate, and construction loan portfolios, and as an input in the ACL lifetime loss rate model for the commercial and industrial loan portfolio, the Bank utilizes the following categories of risk ratings: pass/satisfactory (includes risk rating 1 through 6), special mention, substandard, doubtful, and loss. The risk rating categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers who do not have identified potential or well-defined weaknesses and for whom there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated periodically based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter. While assigning risk ratings involves judgment, the risk-rating process allows management to identify riskier credits in a timely manner and allocate the appropriate resources to manage those loans and leases. The 2023 Form 10-K describes Customers Bancorp’s risk rating grades. Risk ratings are not established for certain consumer loans, including residential real estate, home equity, manufactured housing, and installment loans, mainly because these portfolios consist of a larger number of homogeneous loans with smaller balances. Instead, these portfolios are evaluated for risk mainly based upon aggregate payment history through the monitoring of delinquency levels and trends and are classified as performing and non-performing. PPP loans of $30.5 million and $74.7 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, are excluded in the tables below as these loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA, provided that the eligibility criteria are met. The following tables present the credit ratings of loans and leases receivable and current period gross write-offs as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year as of (amounts in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Commercial and industrial loans and leases, including specialized lending: Pass $ 1,288,705 $ 790,316 $ 1,591,974 $ 328,477 $ 114,778 $ 32,650 $ 1,952,229 $ 392,242 $ 6,491,371 Special mention 12,755 250 30,397 3,926 — 67 29,747 4,417 81,559 Substandard — 958 7,832 12,076 3,576 37,379 4,076 3,638 69,535 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans and leases $ 1,301,460 $ 791,524 $ 1,630,203 $ 344,479 $ 118,354 $ 70,096 $ 1,986,052 $ 400,297 $ 6,642,465 Commercial and industrial loans and leases charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 (1) $ 94 $ — $ 13 $ 52 $ 742 $ 5,637 $ — $ — $ 6,538 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 (1) 312 702 5,685 4,147 2,429 6,007 — — 19,282 Multifamily loans: Pass $ 76,380 $ 823 $ 1,202,986 $ 301,976 $ 125,476 $ 303,992 $ — $ — $ 2,011,633 Special mention — — 6,770 — — 42,662 — — 49,432 Substandard — — — — — 54,913 — — 54,913 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily loans $ 76,380 $ 823 $ 1,209,756 $ 301,976 $ 125,476 $ 401,567 $ — $ — $ 2,115,978 Multifamily loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,167 $ — $ 2,167 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 — — — — — 4,073 — — 4,073 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans: Pass $ 218,625 $ 64,100 $ 238,103 $ 197,298 $ 52,820 $ 147,520 $ 7,640 $ 74 $ 926,180 Special mention — — — — — 10,924 — 11,197 22,121 Substandard — 2,944 703 15,310 — 14,646 — — 33,603 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate owner occupied loans $ 218,625 $ 67,044 $ 238,806 $ 212,608 $ 52,820 $ 173,090 $ 7,640 $ 11,271 $ 981,904 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4 $ — $ — $ 4 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 — — — — — 26 — — 26 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans: Pass $ 100,123 $ 30,427 $ 413,675 $ 97,555 $ 182,789 $ 424,192 $ 214 $ — $ 1,248,975 Special mention — 12,000 4,308 — — 438 — — 16,746 Substandard — — — — 701 60,169 — — 60,870 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans $ 100,123 $ 42,427 $ 417,983 $ 97,555 $ 183,490 $ 484,799 $ 214 $ — $ 1,326,591 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 — — — — — — — — — Construction loans: Pass $ 9,235 $ 18,651 $ 133,969 $ — $ — $ 4,486 $ — $ — $ 166,341 Special mention — 8,168 — — — — — — 8,168 Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total construction loans $ 9,235 $ 26,819 $ 133,969 $ — $ — $ 4,486 $ — $ — $ 174,509 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year as of (amounts in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Construction loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 — — — — — — — — — Total commercial loans and leases receivable $ 1,705,823 $ 928,637 $ 3,630,717 $ 956,618 $ 480,140 $ 1,134,038 $ 1,993,906 $ 411,568 $ 11,241,447 Total commercial loans and leases receivable charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ 94 $ — $ 13 $ 52 $ 742 $ 7,808 $ — $ — $ 8,709 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 312 702 5,685 4,147 2,429 10,106 — — 23,381 Residential real estate loans: Performing $ 41,200 $ 21,946 $ 165,563 $ 124,381 $ 5,957 $ 80,700 $ 53,214 $ — $ 492,961 Non-performing 141 280 1,394 1,695 233 4,082 — — 7,825 Total residential real estate loans $ 41,341 $ 22,226 $ 166,957 $ 126,076 $ 6,190 $ 84,782 $ 53,214 $ — $ 500,786 Residential real estate loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 19 $ — $ — $ 19 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 — — — — — 38 — — 38 Manufactured housing loans: Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 32,969 $ — $ — $ 32,969 Non-performing — — — — — 1,512 — — 1,512 Total manufactured housing loans $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 34,481 $ — $ — $ 34,481 Manufactured housing loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 — — — — — — — — — Installment loans: Performing $ 81,762 $ 174,647 $ 240,433 $ 109,349 $ 35,925 $ 28,770 $ 43,757 $ 8 $ 714,651 Non-performing 39 1,880 1,552 1,119 308 442 110 — 5,450 Total installment loans $ 81,801 $ 176,527 $ 241,985 $ 110,468 $ 36,233 $ 29,212 $ 43,867 $ 8 $ 720,101 Installment loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ 425 $ 2,432 $ 5,219 $ 3,311 $ 553 $ 556 $ — $ — $ 12,496 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 2,307 5,837 17,450 12,099 2,286 3,377 — — 43,356 Total consumer loans $ 123,142 $ 198,753 $ 408,942 $ 236,544 $ 42,423 $ 148,475 $ 97,081 $ 8 $ 1,255,368 Total consumer loans charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ 425 $ 2,432 $ 5,219 $ 3,311 $ 553 $ 575 $ — $ — $ 12,515 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 2,307 5,837 17,450 12,099 2,286 3,415 — — 43,394 Loans and leases receivable $ 1,828,965 $ 1,127,390 $ 4,039,659 $ 1,193,162 $ 522,563 $ 1,282,513 $ 2,090,987 $ 411,576 $ 12,496,815 Loans and leases receivable charge-offs: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ 519 $ 2,432 $ 5,232 $ 3,363 $ 1,295 $ 8,383 $ — $ — $ 21,224 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 $ 2,619 $ 6,539 $ 23,135 $ 16,246 $ 4,715 $ 13,521 $ — $ — $ 66,775 (1) Charge-offs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 included $0.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively, of commercial and industrial loans originated under the PPP that were subsequently determined to be ineligible for SBA forgiveness and guarantee and were ultimately deemed uncollectible. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year as of (amounts in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Commercial and industrial loans and leases, including specialized lending: Pass $ 1,184,923 $ 1,909,592 $ 483,039 $ 170,384 $ 59,213 $ 63,480 $ 1,722,559 $ 384,947 $ 5,978,137 Special mention 18,000 3,377 5,127 1,986 — 595 7,916 2,903 39,904 Substandard 14,738 39,258 61,533 26,660 4,803 42,062 4,010 — 193,064 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans and leases $ 1,217,661 $ 1,952,227 $ 549,699 $ 199,030 $ 64,016 $ 106,137 $ 1,734,485 $ 387,850 $ 6,211,105 Commercial and industrial loans and leases charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 (1)(2) $ 1,483 $ 381 $ 3,169 $ 10,348 $ 24 $ 1,510 $ — $ — $ 16,915 Multifamily loans: Pass $ 845 $ 1,229,198 $ 371,016 $ 127,493 $ 43,046 $ 253,806 $ — $ — $ 2,025,404 Special mention — — — — 6,468 67,035 — — 73,503 Substandard — — — — — 39,715 — — 39,715 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily loans $ 845 $ 1,229,198 $ 371,016 $ 127,493 $ 49,514 $ 360,556 $ — $ — $ 2,138,622 Multifamily loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3,574 $ — $ — $ 3,574 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans: Pass $ 41,011 $ 254,878 $ 180,289 $ 77,821 $ 44,382 $ 120,248 $ — $ 11,318 $ 729,947 Special mention — — 15,432 — 35,691 47 — — 51,170 Substandard — — — — 347 15,855 — — 16,202 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate owner occupied loans $ 41,011 $ 254,878 $ 195,721 $ 77,821 $ 80,420 $ 136,150 $ — $ 11,318 $ 797,319 Commercial real estate owner occupied loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 39 $ — $ — $ 39 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans: Pass $ 12,906 $ 325,881 $ 109,521 $ 152,227 $ 88,586 $ 367,996 $ — $ — $ 1,057,117 Special mention — — — 20,702 — 9,148 — — 29,850 Substandard — 10,910 — — 8,113 71,660 — — 90,683 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans $ 12,906 $ 336,791 $ 109,521 $ 172,929 $ 96,699 $ 448,804 $ — $ — $ 1,177,650 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,527 $ — $ — $ 4,527 Construction loans: Pass $ 17,594 $ 138,797 $ 2,567 $ — $ — $ 4,580 $ — $ 1,100 $ 164,638 Special mention 1,755 — — — — — — — 1,755 Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total construction loans $ 19,349 $ 138,797 $ 2,567 $ — $ — $ 4,580 $ — $ 1,100 $ 166,393 Construction loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Total commercial loans and leases receivable $ 1,291,772 $ 3,911,891 $ 1,228,524 $ 577,273 $ 290,649 $ 1,056,227 $ 1,734,485 $ 400,268 $ 10,491,089 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year as of (amounts in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Revolving loans converted to term Total Total commercial loans and leases receivable charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ 1,483 $ 381 $ 3,169 $ 10,348 $ 24 $ 9,650 $ — $ — $ 25,055 Residential real estate loans: Performing $ 22,613 $ 173,424 $ 131,621 $ 6,458 $ 15,508 $ 71,433 $ 56,844 $ — $ 477,901 Non-performing — 350 1,236 229 545 3,993 181 — 6,534 Total residential real estate loans $ 22,613 $ 173,774 $ 132,857 $ 6,687 $ 16,053 $ 75,426 $ 57,025 $ — $ 484,435 Residential real estate loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 69 $ — $ — $ 69 Manufactured housing loans: Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 98 $ 36,464 $ — $ — $ 36,562 Non-performing — — — — — 2,108 — — 2,108 Total manufactured housing loans $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 98 $ 38,572 $ — $ — $ 38,670 Manufactured housing loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Installment loans: Performing $ 253,958 $ 307,566 $ 158,381 $ 50,354 $ 39,953 $ 3,448 $ 51,480 $ — $ 865,140 Non-performing 2,634 4,102 1,751 546 477 86 190 — 9,786 Total installment loans $ 256,592 $ 311,668 $ 160,132 $ 50,900 $ 40,430 $ 3,534 $ 51,670 $ — $ 874,926 Installment loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ 7,728 $ 24,605 $ 23,984 $ 5,590 $ 6,797 $ 1,238 $ — $ — $ 69,942 Total consumer loans $ 279,205 $ 485,442 $ 292,989 $ 57,587 $ 56,581 $ 117,532 $ 108,695 $ — $ 1,398,031 Total consumer loans charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ 7,728 $ 24,605 $ 23,984 $ 5,590 $ 6,797 $ 1,307 $ — $ — $ 70,011 Loans and leases receivable $ 1,570,977 $ 4,397,333 $ 1,521,513 $ 634,860 $ 347,230 $ 1,173,759 $ 1,843,180 $ 400,268 $ 11,889,120 Loans and leases receivable charge-offs: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 $ 9,211 $ 24,986 $ 27,153 $ 15,938 $ 6,821 $ 10,957 $ — $ — $ 95,066 (1) Excludes $6.2 million of charge-offs for certain PCD loans against $8.7 million of allowance for credit losses on PCD loans recognized upon acquisition of a venture banking loan portfolio (included |