Financial Instruments | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2014 |
Financial Instruments [Abstract] | ' |
Financial Instruments [Text Block] | ' |
7. Financial Instruments |
Cash Concentration―Our cash equivalents are placed in high-quality commercial paper, money market funds and time deposits with major international banks and financial institutions. |
Marketable Securities―We invest cash in investment-grade securities for periods not exceeding two years. Investments in securities with original maturities of three months or less are classified as Cash and cash equivalents. At September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had marketable securities classified as Cash and cash equivalents of $786 million and $3,482 million, respectively. |
We also have investments in marketable securities classified as available-for-sale. These securities, which are included in Short-term investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are carried at estimated fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”). We periodically review our available-for-sale securities for other-than-temporary declines in fair value below the cost basis, and when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable, the investment is written down to fair value, establishing a new cost basis. |
Repurchase Agreements―In 2014, we invested in tri-party repurchase agreements. Under these agreements, we make cash purchases of securities according to a pre-agreed profile from our counterparties. The counterparties have an obligation to repurchase, and we have an obligation to sell, the same or substantially the same securities at a pre-defined date for a price equal to the purchase price plus interest. These securities, which pursuant to our policy are held by a third-party custodian and must generally have a minimum collateral value of 102%, secure the counterparty's obligation to repurchase the securities. Our investment in these tri-party repurchase agreements, which mature within the next twelve months, are treated as short-term loans receivable and are reflected in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The balance of our investment at September 30, 2014 was $200 million. |
Commodity Prices―We are exposed to commodity price volatility related to anticipated purchases of natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil and other raw materials and sales of our products. We selectively use over-the counter commodity swaps, options and exchange traded futures contracts with various terms to manage the volatility related to these risks. In addition, we are exposed to volatility on the prices of precious metals to the extent that we have obligations, classified as embedded derivatives, tied to the price of precious metals associated with secured borrowings. All aforementioned contracts are generally limited to durations of one year or less. |
Foreign Currency Rates―We have significant worldwide operations. The functional currencies of our consolidated subsidiaries through which we operate are primarily the U.S. dollar and the euro. We enter into transactions denominated in currencies other than our designated functional currencies. As a result, we are exposed to foreign currency risk on receivables and payables. We maintain risk management control policies intended to monitor foreign currency risk attributable to both our outstanding foreign currency balances and our future commitments. These control policies involve the centralization of foreign currency exposure management, the offsetting of exposures and the estimating of expected impacts of changes in foreign currency rates on our earnings. We enter into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce the effects of our net currency exchange exposures. At September 30, 2014, foreign currency forward contracts in the notional amount of $543 million, maturing in October 2014 through June 2015, were outstanding. |
For forward contracts that economically hedge recognized monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies, no hedge accounting is applied. Changes in the fair value of foreign currency forward contracts, which are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income, are offset in part by the currency translation results recognized on the assets and liabilities. |
Foreign Currency Gain (Loss)―Other income (expense), net, in the Consolidated Statements of Income reflected losses of $1 million and less than $1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, and a gain of $1 million and a loss of $3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. |
Cross-Currency Swaps—In October 2014, to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk associated with certain intercompany loans, we entered into cross-currency swap contracts with an aggregate notional value of $2,000 million. Under the terms of these contracts, which have been designated as cash flow hedges, we will make interest payments in euros and receive interest in U.S. dollars. Upon the maturities of these contracts, we will pay euros and receive U.S. dollars from our counterparties. |
Forward-Starting Interest Rate Swaps—In July 2013, we entered into forward-starting interest rate swaps with notional values totaling $1,500 million to hedge the intra-day risk of changes in the forward U.S. Treasury rates for fixed-rate debt issuances in 2013. These forward starting interest rate swaps were terminated contemporaneously with the pricing of $750 million of guaranteed notes due 2023 and $750 million of guaranteed notes due 2043. In February 2014, we entered into forward-starting interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $500 million to hedge the risk of fluctuations in the forward USD 30 Year LIBOR Swap rate for anticipated fixed-rate debt issuances in 2014. The swap was terminated upon issuance of the $1,000 million of guaranteed notes due 2044. We designated these forward-starting interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges. |
We paid cash of $17 million to settle the liabilities related to these swaps agreements. The related deferred losses were recognized in AOCI and are being amortized as an increase to interest expense over the life of the related guaranteed note issuances using the effective interest method. |
As of September 30, 2014, less than $1 million (on a pretax basis) is scheduled to be reclassified as an increase to interest expense over the next twelve months. |
Fixed-for-Floating Interest Rate Swaps—During the third quarter of 2014, we entered into fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps with third party financial institutions to mitigate changes in the fair value of our $2,000 million 5% senior notes due 2019 associated with the risk of variability in the 3 Month USD LIBOR rate (the benchmark interest rate). These interest rate swaps are used as part of our current interest rate risk management strategy to achieve a desired proportion of variable versus fixed rate debt. |
Under these arrangements, we exchange fixed for floating rate interest payments to effectively convert our fixed rate debt to floating rate debt. The fixed and variable cash payments related to the interest rate swaps are net settled semi-annually and classified as Other, net, in the Cash flows from operating activities section of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. |
In accordance with ASC 815, we have elected to designate these fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of the derivatives and the hedged instrument are recorded as Interest expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income. We evaluate the effectiveness of the hedging relationship periodically and calculate the changes in the fair value of the derivatives and the underlying hedged items separately. In each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, we recognized a net gain of $6 million, related to the ineffectiveness of our hedging relationships. |
At September 30, 2014, we had outstanding interest rate swap agreements with notional amounts of $2,000 million, maturing in April 15, 2019. |
Available-for-Sale Securities―The following table summarizes the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of available-for-sale securities measured on a recurring basis that are outstanding as of September 30, 2014. Refer to Note 8 for additional information regarding the fair value of available-for-sale securities. |
| | | | | | September 30, 2014 | |
| | | | | | | | Gross | | Gross | | | |
| | | | | | | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Fair | |
Millions of dollars | | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Value | |
Commercial paper | | $ | 1,141 | | $ | 1 | | $ | 0 | | $ | 1,142 | |
Bonds | | | 239 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 239 | |
Certificates of deposit | | | 163 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 163 | |
| Total available-for-sale securities | | $ | 1,543 | | $ | 1 | | $ | 0 | | $ | 1,544 | |
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As of September 30, 2014, the commercial paper securities held by the Company had maturities between less than one and twelve months, bonds had maturities between one and twenty-two months and certificates of deposit mature within two and sixteen months. |
The fair value and unrealized losses related to available-for-sale securities that were in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months as of September 30, 2014 were $167 million and less than $1 million, respectively. |
We received gross proceeds of $652 million and $924 million related to the maturity of certain available-for-sale securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014. None of our available-for-sale securities were sold during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and accordingly, no realized gains or realized losses related to the sale of these securities were recognized during that time. |
In addition, no losses related to other-than-temporary impairments of our available-for-sale investments have been recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014. |
Financial Instruments―The following table summarizes derivative and non-derivative financial instruments outstanding as of September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Refer to Note 8 for additional information regarding the fair value of derivative and non-derivative financial instruments. |
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| | | | | | | September 30, 2014 | | 31-Dec-13 |
| | | | | Balance Sheet | | Notional | | Fair | | Notional | | Fair |
Millions of dollars | Classification | | Amount | | Value | | Amount | | Value |
Assets– | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Derivatives not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Commodities | Prepaid expenses | | $ | 0 | | $ | 4 | | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 |
| | | | and other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Embedded derivatives | Prepaid expenses | | | 38 | | | 6 | | | 47 | | | 3 |
| | | | and other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Foreign currency | Prepaid expenses | | | 136 | | | 2 | | | 155 | | | 1 |
| | | | and other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| Non-derivatives: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Available-for sale | Short-term | | | 1,542 | | | 1,544 | | | 0 | | | 0 |
| | | securities | investments | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | $ | 1,716 | | $ | 1,556 | | $ | 202 | | $ | 4 |
Liabilities– | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Derivatives designated as fair value hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fixed-for-floating | Other liabilities | | $ | 2,000 | | $ | 3 | | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 |
| | | interest rate swaps | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| Derivatives not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Commodities | Accrued liabilities | | | 4 | | | 0 | | | 646 | | | 4 |
| | Embedded derivatives | Accrued liabilities | | | 10 | | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 0 |
| | Foreign currency | Accrued liabilities | | | 407 | | | 4 | | | 17 | | | 0 |
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| Non-derivatives: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Performance share | Accrued liabilities | | | 19 | | | 19 | | | 0 | | | 0 |
| | | awards | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Performance share | Other liabilities | | | 16 | | | 16 | | | 14 | | | 14 |
| | | awards | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | $ | 2,456 | | $ | 42 | | $ | 677 | | $ | 18 |
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The following table summarizes the pretax effect of derivative instruments charged directly to income. |
| | | | Effect of Financial Instruments | | | |
| | | | Three Months Ended September 30, 2014 | | | |
| | | | | | Gain (Loss) | | Additional | | | | | |
| | | | Gain (Loss) | | Reclassified | | Gain (Loss) | | | | | |
| Recognized | | from AOCI | | Recognized | | Income Statement | | | |
Millions of dollars | in AOCI | | to Income | | in Income | | Classification | | | |
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 | | $ | -3 | | Interest expense | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commodities | | 0 | | | 0 | | | -3 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Embedded derivatives | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 6 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Foreign currency | | 0 | | | 0 | | | -42 | | Other income | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | (expense), net | | | |
| | | | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 | | $ | -42 | | | | | | |
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| | | | Three Months Ended September 30, 2013 | | | |
| | | | | | Gain (Loss) | | Additional | | | | | |
| | | | Gain (Loss) | | Reclassified | | Gain (Loss) | | | | | |
| Recognized | | from AOCI | | Recognized | | Income Statement | | | |
Millions of dollars | in AOCI | | to Income | | in Income | | Classification | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commodities | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 | | $ | -2 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Embedded derivatives | | 0 | | | 0 | | | -5 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Foreign currency | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 20 | | Other income | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | (expense), net | | | |
| | | | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 | | $ | 13 | | | | | | |
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| | | | Effect of Financial Instruments | | | |
| | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014 | | | |
| | | | | | Gain (Loss) | | Additional | | | | | |
| | | | Gain (Loss) | | Reclassified | | Gain (Loss) | | | | | |
| Recognized | | from AOCI | | Recognized | | Income Statement | | | |
Millions of dollars | in AOCI | | to Income | | in Income | | Classification | | | |
Derivatives designated as cash-flow hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Forward-starting interest rate swaps | $ | -17 | | $ | 0 | | $ | -1 | | Interest expense | | | |
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps | | 0 | | | 0 | | | -3 | | Interest expense | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commodities | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 4 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Embedded derivatives | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 1 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Foreign currency | | 0 | | | 0 | | | -37 | | Other income | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | (expense), net | | | |
| | | | $ | -17 | | $ | 0 | | $ | -36 | | | | | | |
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| | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 | | | |
| | | | | | Gain (Loss) | | Additional | | | | | |
| | | | Gain (Loss) | | Reclassified | | Gain (Loss) | | | | | |
| Recognized | | from AOCI | | Recognized | | Income Statement | | | |
Millions of dollars | in AOCI | | to Income | | in Income | | Classification | | | |
Derivatives not designated as hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commodities | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 | | $ | -10 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Embedded derivatives | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 22 | | Cost of sales | | | |
| Foreign currency | | 0 | | | 0 | | | 5 | | Other income | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | (expense), net | | | |
| | | | $ | 0 | | $ | 0 | | $ | 17 | | | | | | |
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For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, the pretax effect of additional gain (loss) recognized in income for the fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps includes the net value for accrued interest of $4 million. |