Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements [Text Block] | 6. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements We are exposed to market risks, such as changes in commodity pricing, currency exchange rates and interest rates. To manage the volatility related to these exposures, we selectively enter into derivative transactions pursuant to our risk management policies. A summary of the Company's financial instruments, risk management policies, derivative instruments, hedging activities and fair value measurement can be found in Notes 14 and 15 to ou r Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. If applicable, updates have been included in the respective section s below. Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis — The following table summarizes financial instruments outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis : September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Notional Fair Notional Fair Balance Sheet Millions of dollars Amount Value Amount Value Classification Assets– Derivatives designated as hedges: Commodities $ 22 $ - - $ 4 $ - - Prepaid expenses and other current assets Commodities 16 - - 54 3 Other assets Foreign currency - - 15 604 34 Prepaid expenses and other current assets Foreign currency 2,000 70 2,439 282 Other assets Interest rates - - 24 - - 5 Prepaid expenses and other current assets Interest rates 1,950 11 2,200 11 Other assets Derivatives not designated as hedges: Commodities 131 12 85 3 Prepaid expenses and other current assets Foreign currency 32 - - 11 - - Prepaid expenses and other current assets Non-derivatives: Available-for-sale 1,299 1,295 1,069 1,073 Short-term investments securities Total $ 5,450 $ 1,427 $ 6,466 $ 1,411 Liabilities– Derivatives designated as hedges: Commodities $ 59 $ 2 $ - - $ - - Accrued liabilities Commodities 13 - - - - - - Other liabilities Foreign currency 139 9 - - - - Accrued liabilities Foreign currency 950 120 - - - - Other liabilities Interest rates 2,050 42 1,400 20 Other liabilities Derivatives not designated as hedges: Commodities 192 16 103 11 Accrued liabilities Foreign currency 631 1 28 1 Accrued liabilities Non-derivatives: Performance share 20 20 19 19 Accrued liabilities awards Performance share 21 21 22 22 Other liabilities awards Total $ 4,075 $ 231 $ 1,572 $ 73 All derivatives and available-for-sale securities in the table s above are classified as Level 2 , ex cept for o ur limited partnership investments included in our available-for-sale securities discussed below , that are measured at fair value using the net asset per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. At September 30, 2017 , our outstanding foreign currency and commodity contracts not designated as hedges mature from October 2017 to December 2017 and from October 2017 to June 2018 , respectively. Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis —The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016: September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Millions of dollars Value Value Value Value Non-derivatives: Assets: Short-term loans receivable $ 561 $ 561 $ 369 $ 369 Liabilities: Short-term debt $ 59 $ 67 $ 90 $ 98 Long-term debt 8,528 9,428 8,382 9,147 Total $ 8,587 $ 9,495 $ 8,472 $ 9,245 All financial instruments in the table above are classified as Level 2. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for any of our financial instruments during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 . Net Investment Hedges— In August 2017 and September 2017, forward exchange contracts and basis swaps with an aggregate notional value of € 550 million expired. Upon settlement of these foreign currency contracts, we paid € 550 million ($ 658 million at the expiry spot rate ) to our counterparties and received $ 609 millio n from our counterparties. The $ 49 million loss is reflected in foreign currency translation adjustments in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. Cash flows from the settlement of these foreign currency contracts are reported in Cash flows from investing activities in the Consol idated Statement s of Cash Flows. In February 2017, we entered into € 617 million of basis swaps to reduce the volatility in stockholders’ equity resulting from changes in currency exchange rates of our foreign subsidiaries with respect to the U.S. dollar. We use the critical terms match to assess hedge effectiveness of these basis swaps by comparing the spot rate change in the basis swaps and the spot rate change in the designated net investment. In September 2016, € 450 million of our basis swaps expired. Upon settlement of these basis swap contracts , we paid € 450 million ($ 506 million at the expiry spot rate) to our counterparties and received $ 500 million from our counterparties. The $ 6 million loss is reflected in foreign currency translation adjustments in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. Cash flows from the settl ement of these basis swap contracts are reported in Cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. On March 31, 2016, we settled forward exchange contracts with an aggregate notional value of € 750 million. Upon settleme nt of these contracts, we paid € 750 million ($ 850 million at the expiry spot rate) to our counterparties and received $ 795 million from our counterparties. The $ 55 million difference, which includes a $ 30 million loss in the first quarter of 2016, is refle cted in foreign currency translations adjustments in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. Cash flows from the settlement of these forward exchange contracts are reported in Cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statement s of Cash Flows. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had outstanding foreign currency contracts with an aggregate notional value of € 742 million ($ 789 million) and € 675 million ($ 74 3 million), respectively, designated as net investment hedges. In addition, we had outstanding foreign-currency denominated debt, with notional amounts totaling € 750 million ($ 850 million), designated as a net investment hedge at each of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . There was no ineffectiveness recorded for any of these net investment hedging relationships during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 . Cash Flow Hedges— The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016: September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 Notional Notional Expiration Millions of dollars Value Value Date Foreign currency $ 2,300 $ 2,300 2021 to 2027 Interest rates 1,000 1,000 2049 Commodities 110 58 2017 to 2019 The ineffectiveness recorded for these cash flow hedging relationships was losses of less than $1 million during each of the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and losses of $1 million and $1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. As of September 30, 2017, less than $1 million (on a pretax basis) and $ 2 million (on a pretax basis) are scheduled to be reclassified as decreases to interest expense and cost of sales respectively over the next twelve m onths. Fair Value Hedges — In February 2017, we entered into U.S. dollar fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps to mitigate changes in the fair value of our $ 1,000 million 3.5 % guaranteed notes due 2027 associated with the risk of variability in the 3 Month USD LIBOR rate (the benchmark interest rate). The fixed-rate and variable-rate are settled semi-annually and quarterly, respectively. In the third quarter of 2014, we entered into U.S. dollar fixed-fo r-floating interest rate swaps to mitigate changes in the fair value of our $ 2,000 million 5 % senior notes due 2019 . In March 2017, concurrent with the redemption of $1,000 million of our outstanding 5% senior notes due 2019, we dedesignated the related $2 ,000 million fair value hedge and terminated swaps in the notional amount of $1,000 million. At the same time, we redesignated the remaining $1,000 million notional amount of swaps as a fair value hedge of the remaining $1,000 million of 5% senior notes ou tstanding. For information related to charges recognized as a result of the dedesignation of the hedging relationship, see Note 5 . At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had outstanding interest rate contracts with aggregate notional amoun ts of $ 3,000 million and $ 2,600 million, respectively, designated as fair value hedges. Our interest rate contracts outstanding at September 30, 2017 mature from 20 19 to 2027 . The ineffectiveness related to these fair value hedging relationships resulted in net losses of $ 4 million and $ 11 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and net gains of $ 8 million and $ 26 million , respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 , respectively. Impact on Earnings and Other Comprehensive Income — The following table summarizes the pre - tax effect of derivative instruments and non-derivative instruments on Other comprehensive income and earnings for the three months ended September 30: Effect of Financial Instruments Gain (Loss) Gain (Loss) Additional Recognized Reclassified from Gain (Loss) Income in AOCI AOCI to Income Recognized in Income Statement Millions of dollars 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 Classification Derivatives designated as hedges: Commodities $ 3 $ - - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ - - Cost of sales Foreign currency (155) (52) 74 5 - - - - Other income, net Interest rates (5) (21) - - - - 3 (12) Interest expense Derivatives not designated as hedges: Commodities - - - - - - - - (6) (4) Sales and other operating revenues Commodities - - - - - - - - 6 (5) Cost of sales Foreign currency - - - - - - - - (6) 1 Other income, net Non-derivatives designated as hedges: Long-term debt (30) (2) - - - - - - - - Total $ (187) $ (75) $ 74 $ 5 $ (3) $ (20) The following table summarizes the pre - tax effect of derivative instruments and non-derivative instruments on Other comprehensive income and earnings for the nine months ended September 30: Effect of Financial Instruments Gain (Loss) Gain (Loss) Additional Recognized Reclassified from Gain (Loss) Income in AOCI AOCI to Income Recognized in Income Statement Millions of dollars 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 Classification Derivatives designated as hedges: Commodities $ (4) $ - - $ - - $ - - $ - - $ - - Cost of sales Foreign currency (403) (134) 232 52 - - - - Other income, net Interest rates (23) (175) - - - - 20 31 Interest expense Derivatives not designated as hedges: Commodities - - - - - - - - (9) 6 Sales and other operating revenues Commodities - - - - - - - - (31) (27) Cost of sales Foreign currency - - - - - - - - (7) 13 Other income, net Non-derivatives designated as hedges: Long-term debt (95) 12 - - - - - - - - Total $ (525) $ (297) $ 232 $ 52 $ (27) $ 23 Foreign currency losses recognized in other comprehensive income representing the effective portion of our net investment hedges include losses of $ 87 million and $ 265 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and $ 6 million and $ 39 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. T he pre - tax effect of the gain s (losses) recognized in income for our fixed-for-floating interest rate swaps includes the net value of intere st accrued of $ 5 million and $ 1 8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and $ 6 million and $ 17 million for the three and nine months ended 2016 , respectively . Investments in Marketable Securities — The following table summarizes the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of our available-for-sale and held-to maturity securities that are outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 : September 30, 2017 Gross Gross Unrealized Unrealized Fair Millions of dollars Cost Gains Losses Value Available-for-sale securities: Commercial paper $ 177 $ - - $ - - $ 177 Bonds 621 1 - - 622 Certificates of deposit 150 - - - - 150 Time deposits 1 - - - - 1 Limited partnership investments 350 1 (6) 345 Total available-for-sale securities $ 1,299 $ 2 $ (6) $ 1,295 December 31, 2016 Gross Gross Unrealized Unrealized Fair Millions of dollars Cost Gains Losses Value Available-for-sale securities: Commercial paper $ 232 $ - - $ - - $ 232 Bonds 141 - - - - 141 Certificates of deposit 347 1 - - 348 Limited partnership investments 350 2 - - 352 Total available-for-sale securities $ 1,070 $ 3 $ - - $ 1,073 Held-to-maturity securities: Time deposits $ 74 $ - - $ - - $ 74 At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , we had marketable securities classified as Cash and cash equivalents of $ 725 million and $ 351 million, respectively. N o losses related to other-than-temporary impairments of our available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investments have been recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 . As of September 30, 2017 , our available-for-sale securities had the following maturities: commercial paper securities held by the Company had maturities between five and six months; bonds had maturities between seven and thirty - seven months ; certificates of deposit mature within six months ; and limited partnership investments mature between one and three months. The proceeds from maturities and sales of our available-for-sale securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 are summarized in the following table: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, Millions of dollars 2017 2016 2017 2016 Proceeds from maturities of securities $ 12 $ 8 $ 499 $ 665 Proceeds from sales of securities - - - - - - - - No gain or loss was realized in con nection with the sales of our available-for-sale securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we had maturities of our held-to-maturity securities of $ 75 million. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we had no sales of our held-to-maturity securities and we had no transfers of investments classified as held-to-maturity to available-for-sale. The following table summarizes the fair value and unrealized losses related to available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities that were in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than and greater than twelve months as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 : September 30, 2017 Less than 12 months Greater than 12 months Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Millions of dollars Value Loss Value Loss Available-for-sale securities: Limited partnership investments $ 122 $ (5) $ 105 $ (2) December 31, 2016 Less than 12 months Greater than 12 months Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Millions of dollars Value Loss Value Loss Available-for-sale securities: Limited partnership investments $ - - $ - - $ 105 $ (3) Foreign Currency Gain (Loss) ―Other income , net, in the Consolidated Statements of Income reflected losses of less than $1 million and $6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 , respectively, and a gain of $ 1 million and a loss of $ 5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 , respectively . Repurchase Agreements ― At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , we had investments in tri-party repurchase agreements of $ 561 million and $ 369 million, respectively. Depending upon maturity, t hese tri-party repurchase agreements are treated as short-term loans receivable and are reflected in Prepaid expenses and other current assets or as long-term loans recei vable reflected in Other investments and long-term receivables on our Co nsolidated Balance Sheets . |