Loans Receivable And Allowance For Credit Losses | LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSESLoans receivable, net at the dates presented is summarized as follows: March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 3,922,565 $ 3,965,692 Correspondent purchased 2,470,619 2,505,987 Bulk purchased 272,575 293,607 Construction 33,525 33,149 Total 6,699,284 6,798,435 Commercial: Commercial real estate 547,202 426,243 Commercial and industrial 73,852 62,869 Construction 108,649 80,498 Total 729,703 569,610 Consumer: Home equity 125,176 129,588 Other 9,913 10,012 Total 135,089 139,600 Total loans receivable 7,564,076 7,507,645 Less: ACL 8,619 8,463 Discounts/unearned loan fees 32,582 33,933 Premiums/deferred costs (47,931 ) (49,236 ) $ 7,570,806 $ 7,514,485 Lending Practices and Underwriting Standards - Originating and purchasing one- to four-family loans is the Bank's primary lending business. The Bank also originates consumer loans primarily secured by one- to four-family residential properties and originates and participates in commercial loans. The Bank has a loan concentration in one- to four-family loans and a geographic concentration of these loans in Kansas and Missouri. One- to four-family loans - Full documentation to support an applicant's credit and income, and sufficient funds to cover all applicable fees and reserves at closing, are required on all loans. Generally, loans are underwritten according to the "ability to repay" and "qualified mortgage" standards, as issued by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB"). Properties securing one- to four-family loans are appraised by either staff appraisers or fee appraisers, both of which are independent of the loan origination function and approved by our Board of Directors. The underwriting standards for loans purchased from correspondent lenders are generally similar to the Bank's internal underwriting standards. The underwriting of loans purchased from correspondent lenders on a loan-by-loan basis is performed by the Bank's underwriters. The Bank also originates construction and owner-occupied construction-to-permanent loans secured by one- to four-family residential real estate. Construction draw requests and the supporting documentation are reviewed and approved by designated personnel. The Bank also performs regular documented inspections of the construction project to ensure the funds are being used for the intended purpose and the project is being completed according to the plans and specifications provided. Commercial loans - The Bank's commercial real estate loans are originated by the Bank or are in participation with a lead bank. When underwriting a commercial real estate loan, several factors are considered, such as the income producing potential of the property, cash equity provided by the borrower, the financial strength of the borrower, managerial expertise of the borrower or tenant, feasibility studies, lending experience with the borrower and the marketability of the property. For commercial real estate participation loans, the Bank performs the same underwriting procedures as if the loan was being originated by the Bank. At the time of origination, loan-to-value ("LTV") ratios on commercial real estate loans generally do not exceed 80% of the appraised value of the property securing the loans and the minimum debt service coverage ratio is generally 1.20 . Appraisals on properties securing these loans are performed by independent state certified fee appraisers. The Bank's commercial and industrial loans are generally made in the Bank's market areas and are underwritten on the basis of the borrower's ability to service the debt from income. Working capital loans are primarily collateralized by short-term assets whereas term loans are primarily collateralized by long-term assets. In general, commercial and industrial loans involve more credit risk than commercial real estate loans due to the type of collateral securing these loans, as well as the expectation that commercial and industrial loans generally will be serviced principally from the operations of the business, and those operations may not be successful. As a result of these additional complexities, variables and risks, these loans require more thorough underwriting and servicing than other types of loans. Consumer loans - The Bank offers a variety of secured consumer loans, including home equity loans and lines of credit, home improvement loans, vehicle loans, and loans secured by deposits. The Bank also originates a very limited amount of unsecured loans. The majority of the consumer loan portfolio is comprised of home equity lines of credit for which the Bank also has the first mortgage or the home equity line of credit is in the first lien position. The underwriting standards for consumer loans include a determination of an applicant's payment history on other debts and an assessment of an applicant's ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. Although creditworthiness of an applicant is a primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the security in relation to the proposed loan amount. Credit Quality Indicators - Based on the Bank's lending emphasis and underwriting standards, management has segmented the loan portfolio into three segments: (1) one- to four-family; (2) consumer; and (3) commercial. These segments are further divided into classes for purposes of providing disaggregated information about the credit quality of the loan portfolio. The classes are: one- to four-family - originated, one- to four-family - correspondent purchased, one- to four-family - bulk purchased, consumer - home equity, consumer - other, commercial - commercial real estate, and commercial - commercial and industrial. The Bank's primary credit quality indicators for the one- to four-family and consumer - home equity loan portfolios are delinquency status, asset classifications, LTV ratios, and borrower credit scores. The Bank's primary credit quality indicators for the commercial and consumer - other loan portfolios are delinquency status and asset classifications. The following tables present the recorded investment, by class, in loans 30 to 89 days delinquent, loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure, total delinquent loans, current loans, and total recorded investment at the dates presented. The recorded investment in loans is defined as the unpaid principal balance of a loan, less charge-offs and inclusive of unearned loan fees and deferred costs. At March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018 , all loans 90 or more days delinquent were on nonaccrual status. March 31, 2019 90 or More Days Total Total 30 to 89 Days Delinquent or Delinquent Current Recorded Delinquent in Foreclosure Loans Loans Investment (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 8,665 $ 5,158 $ 13,823 $ 3,927,534 $ 3,941,357 Correspondent purchased 4,186 932 5,118 2,499,826 2,504,944 Bulk purchased 2,764 2,799 5,563 268,267 273,830 Commercial: Commercial real estate 64 — 64 651,373 651,437 Commercial and industrial 1,303 — 1,303 71,741 73,044 Consumer: Home equity 430 514 944 123,999 124,943 Other 51 14 65 9,805 9,870 $ 17,463 $ 9,417 $ 26,880 $ 7,552,545 $ 7,579,425 September 30, 2018 90 or More Days Total Total 30 to 89 Days Delinquent or Delinquent Current Recorded Delinquent in Foreclosure Loans Loans Investment (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 10,613 $ 5,025 $ 15,638 $ 3,968,362 $ 3,984,000 Correspondent purchased 3,846 458 4,304 2,536,913 2,541,217 Bulk purchased 3,521 3,063 6,584 288,386 294,970 Commercial: Commercial real estate 76 — 76 501,932 502,008 Commercial and industrial 250 — 250 61,255 61,505 Consumer: Home equity 472 521 993 128,351 129,344 Other 61 10 71 9,833 9,904 $ 18,839 $ 9,077 $ 27,916 $ 7,495,032 $ 7,522,948 The recorded investment in mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process as of March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018 was $3.1 million and $2.9 million , respectively, which is included in loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure in the table above. The carrying value of residential OREO held as a result of obtaining physical possession upon completion of a foreclosure or through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure was $871 thousand at March 31, 2019 and $1.3 million at September 30, 2018 . The following table presents the recorded investment, by class, in loans classified as nonaccrual at the dates presented. March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 6,872 $ 6,503 Correspondent purchased 932 863 Bulk purchased 2,799 3,063 Commercial: Commercial real estate 1,288 — Commercial and industrial — — Consumer: Home equity 517 530 Other 20 10 $ 12,428 $ 10,969 In accordance with the Bank's asset classification policy, management regularly reviews the problem loans in the Bank's portfolio to determine whether any loans require classification. Loan classifications are defined as follows: • Special mention - These loans are performing loans on which known information about the collateral pledged or the possible credit problems of the borrower(s) have caused management to have doubts as to the ability of the borrower(s) to comply with present loan repayment terms and which may result in the future inclusion of such loans in the non-performing loan categories. • Substandard - A loan is considered substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans include those characterized by the distinct possibility the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful - Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts and conditions and values highly questionable and improbable. • Loss - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets on the books is not warranted. The following table sets forth the recorded investment in loans classified as special mention or substandard, by class, at the dates presented. Special mention and substandard loans are included in the ACL formula analysis model if the loans are not individually evaluated for loss. Loans classified as doubtful or loss are individually evaluated for loss. At the dates presented, there were no loans classified as doubtful, and all loans classified as loss were fully charged-off. March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018 Special Mention Substandard Special Mention Substandard (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 9,522 $ 19,247 $ 8,660 $ 22,409 Correspondent purchased 2,312 3,101 997 3,126 Bulk purchased 69 6,208 — 7,195 Commercial: Commercial real estate 3,675 1,288 1,251 1,368 Commercial and industrial 1,641 — 1,126 — Consumer: Home equity 110 834 298 894 Other 15 3 — 10 $ 17,344 $ 30,681 $ 12,332 $ 35,002 The following table shows the weighted average credit score and weighted average LTV for one- to four-family loans and consumer home equity loans at the dates presented. Borrower credit scores are intended to provide an indication as to the likelihood that a borrower will repay their debts. Credit scores are updated at least semiannually, with the last update in March 2019, from a nationally recognized consumer rating agency. The LTV ratios provide an estimate of the extent to which the Bank may incur a loss on any given loan that may go into foreclosure. The consumer - home equity LTV does not take into account the first lien position, if applicable. The LTV ratios were based on the current loan balance and either the lesser of the purchase price or original appraisal, or the most recent Bank appraisal, if available. In most cases, the most recent appraisal was obtained at the time of origination. March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018 Credit Score LTV Credit Score LTV One- to four-family - originated 768 62 % 767 63 % One- to four-family - correspondent 764 66 764 67 One- to four-family - bulk purchased 761 61 758 62 Consumer - home equity 754 21 750 22 766 63 765 63 The following tables present the recorded investment prior to restructuring and immediately after restructuring in all loans restructured during the periods presented. These tables do not reflect the recorded investment at the end of the periods indicated. Any increase in the recorded investment at the time of the restructuring was generally due to the capitalization of delinquent interest and/or escrow balances. For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2019 March 31, 2019 Number Pre- Post- Number Pre- Post- of Restructured Restructured of Restructured Restructured Contracts Outstanding Outstanding Contracts Outstanding Outstanding (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated — $ — $ — 1 $ 117 $ 117 Correspondent purchased — — — — — — Bulk purchased 1 308 308 1 308 308 Commercial: Commercial real estate — — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — Consumer: Home equity — — — — — — Other — — — — — — 1 $ 308 $ 308 2 $ 425 $ 425 For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2018 March 31, 2018 Number Pre- Post- Number Pre- Post- of Restructured Restructured of Restructured Restructured Contracts Outstanding Outstanding Contracts Outstanding Outstanding (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated 2 $ 93 $ 94 3 $ 167 $ 176 Correspondent purchased — — — — — — Bulk purchased — — — — — — Commercial: Commercial real estate — — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — Consumer: Home equity — — — — — — Other — — — — — — 2 $ 93 $ 94 3 $ 167 $ 176 The following table provides information on TDRs that became delinquent during the periods presented within 12 months after being restructured. For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 Number of Recorded Number of Recorded Number of Recorded Number of Recorded Contracts Investment Contracts Investment Contracts Investment Contracts Investment (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated 1 $ 45 7 $ 434 1 $ 45 19 $ 1,254 Correspondent purchased — — 1 124 — — 1 124 Bulk purchased — — — — — — 3 1,040 Commercial: Commercial real estate — — — — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — — Consumer: Home equity — — — — — — 4 133 Other — — — — — — — — 1 $ 45 8 $ 558 1 $ 45 27 $ 2,551 Impaired loans - The following information pertains to impaired loans, by class, as of the dates presented. All impaired loans were individually evaluated for loss and all losses were charged-off, resulting in no related ACL for these loans. March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018 Unpaid Unpaid Recorded Principal Recorded Principal Investment Balance Investment Balance (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 15,299 $ 15,826 $ 18,857 $ 19,388 Correspondent purchased 2,170 2,274 2,668 2,768 Bulk purchased 5,131 5,849 6,011 6,976 Commercial: Commercial real estate — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — Consumer: Home equity 398 548 504 720 Other — 30 — 25 $ 22,998 $ 24,527 $ 28,040 $ 29,877 The following information pertains to impaired loans, by class, for the periods presented. For the Three Months Ended For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 Average Interest Average Interest Average Interest Average Interest Recorded Income Recorded Income Recorded Income Recorded Income Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Investment Recognized (Dollars in thousands) One- to four-family: Originated $ 15,928 $ 167 $ 25,398 $ 251 16,980 352 26,896 548 Correspondent purchased 2,177 23 3,362 31 2,251 45 3,530 64 Bulk purchased 5,230 43 6,319 42 5,453 86 6,761 95 Commercial: Commercial real estate — — — — — — — — Commercial and industrial — — — — — — — — Consumer: Home equity 436 7 606 9 461 16 637 19 Other — — — — — — — — $ 23,771 $ 240 $ 35,685 $ 333 $ 25,145 $ 499 $ 37,824 $ 726 - The following is a summary of ACL activity, by loan portfolio segment, for the periods presented, and the ending balance of ACL based on the Company's impairment methodology. For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 One- to Four-Family Correspondent Bulk Originated Purchased Purchased Total Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 2,761 $ 1,748 $ 836 $ 5,345 $ 3,034 $ 179 $ 8,558 Charge-offs (10 ) — — (10 ) — (2 ) (12 ) Recoveries 2 — 17 19 25 29 73 Provision for credit losses (580 ) (356 ) (51 ) (987 ) 1,029 (42 ) — Ending balance $ 2,173 $ 1,392 $ 802 $ 4,367 $ 4,088 $ 164 $ 8,619 For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2019 One- to Four-Family Correspondent Bulk Originated Purchased Purchased Total Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 2,953 $ 1,861 $ 925 $ 5,739 $ 2,556 $ 168 $ 8,463 Charge-offs (30 ) — (26 ) (56 ) — (12 ) (68 ) Recoveries 5 — 106 111 27 86 224 Provision for credit losses (755 ) (469 ) (203 ) (1,427 ) 1,505 (78 ) — Ending balance $ 2,173 $ 1,392 $ 802 $ 4,367 $ 4,088 $ 164 $ 8,619 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 One- to Four-Family Correspondent Bulk Originated Purchased Purchased Total Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 3,115 $ 1,902 $ 1,000 $ 6,017 $ 2,157 $ 196 $ 8,370 Charge-offs (68 ) (128 ) — (196 ) — (4 ) (200 ) Recoveries 17 — 196 213 — 7 220 Provision for credit losses 92 260 (196 ) 156 (119 ) (37 ) — Ending balance $ 3,156 $ 2,034 $ 1,000 $ 6,190 $ 2,038 $ 162 $ 8,390 For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2018 One- to Four-Family Correspondent Bulk Originated Purchased Purchased Total Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Beginning balance $ 3,173 $ 1,922 $ 1,000 $ 6,095 $ 2,112 $ 191 $ 8,398 Charge-offs (71 ) (128 ) — (199 ) — (35 ) (234 ) Recoveries 17 — 196 213 — 13 226 Provision for credit losses 37 240 (196 ) 81 (74 ) (7 ) — Ending balance $ 3,156 $ 2,034 $ 1,000 $ 6,190 $ 2,038 $ 162 $ 8,390 The following is a summary of the loan portfolio and related ACL balances, at the dates presented, by loan portfolio segment disaggregated by the Company's impairment method. There was no ACL for loans individually evaluated for impairment at either date as all losses were charged-off. March 31, 2019 One- to Four-Family Correspondent Bulk Originated Purchased Purchased Total Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Recorded investment in loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 3,926,057 $ 2,502,775 $ 268,699 $ 6,697,531 $ 724,481 $ 134,415 $ 7,556,427 Recorded investment in loans individually evaluated for impairment 15,300 2,169 5,131 22,600 — 398 22,998 $ 3,941,357 $ 2,504,944 $ 273,830 $ 6,720,131 $ 724,481 $ 134,813 $ 7,579,425 ACL for loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 2,173 $ 1,392 $ 802 $ 4,367 $ 4,088 $ 164 $ 8,619 September 30, 2018 One- to Four-Family Correspondent Bulk Originated Purchased Purchased Total Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Recorded investment in loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 3,965,143 $ 2,538,549 $ 288,959 $ 6,792,651 $ 563,513 $ 138,744 $ 7,494,908 Recorded investment in loans individually evaluated for impairment 18,857 2,668 6,011 27,536 — 504 28,040 $ 3,984,000 $ 2,541,217 $ 294,970 $ 6,820,187 $ 563,513 $ 139,248 $ 7,522,948 ACL for loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 2,953 $ 1,861 $ 925 $ 5,739 $ 2,556 $ 168 $ 8,463 |