UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2019
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number: 001-35064
EMERGENT CAPITAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Florida | 30-0663473 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
5355 Town Center Road—Suite 701
Boca Raton, Florida 33486
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(561) 995-4200
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," “accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||
Non-accelerated filer | ý | Smaller reporting company | ý | |||
Emerging growth company | ¨ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
As of October 8, 2019, the Registrant had 158,051,803 shares of common stock outstanding.
EMERGENT CAPITAL, INC.
FORM 10-Q REPORT FOR THE QUARTER ENDED August 31, 2019
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No. | |
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION | |
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION | |
2
"Forward Looking" Statements
As used in this Form 10-Q, "Emergent Capital," "Company, "we," "us," "its," or "our" refer to Emergent Capital, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiary companies, unless the context suggests otherwise.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward looking statements. Forward looking statements give our current expectations and projections relating to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business. You can identify forward looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements may include words such as "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "project," "plan," "intend," "believe," "may," "will," "should," "can have," "likely" and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any discussion of the timing or nature of future cash flows, operating or financial performance or other events. These forward looking statements are not historical facts, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry and Company, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control. Accordingly, readers are cautioned that any such forward looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, results may prove to be materially different. Unless otherwise required by law, we disclaim any obligation to update our view of any such risks or uncertainties or to announce publicly the result of any revisions to the forward-looking statements made in this report.
Factors that could cause our actual results and our financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in our forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:
• | our ability to obtain future financings on favorable terms, or at all; |
• | our ability to meet our debt service obligations; |
• | delays in the receipt of death benefits may impact distribution from our investment in the limited partnership that constitutes our primary asset; |
• | increases in premiums on, or the cost of insurance of, life insurance policies that we own or owned by the limited partnership; |
• | our lack of control over the policies that are within the limited partnership under its current ownership and control; |
• | changes in general economic conditions, including inflation, changes in interest or tax rates; |
• | our actual results of operations; |
• | our ability to continue to make premium payments on the life insurance policies that we own; |
• | adverse developments, including financial ones, associated with litigation and judicial actions; |
• | changes to actuarial life expectancy tables including inaccurate estimates regarding the likelihood and magnitude of death benefits related to life insurance policies that we own or owned by the limited partnership; |
• | lack of mortalities of insureds of the life insurance policies that we own or owned by the limited partnership; |
• | increases to the discount rates used to value the life insurance policies that we own; |
• | changes in mortality rates and inaccurate assumptions about life expectancies; |
• | changes in life expectancy calculation methodologies by third party medical underwriters; |
• | the effect on our financial condition as a result of any lapse of life insurance policies; |
• | our ability to sell the two life insurance policies we own at favorable prices, if at all; |
• | adverse developments in capital markets; |
• | deterioration of the market for life insurance policies and life settlements; |
• | increased carrier challenges to the validity of our life insurance policies; |
• | adverse court decisions regarding insurable interest and the obligation of a life insurance carrier to pay death benefits or return premiums upon a successful rescission or contest; |
3
• | challenges to the ownership of the policies in the portfolio held by the limited partnership; |
• | changes in laws and regulations; |
• | deterioration in the credit worthiness of the life insurance companies that issued the policies included in the portfolio held by the limited partnership; |
• | regulation of life settlement transactions as securities; |
• | liabilities associated with our legacy structured settlement business; |
• | our failure to maintain the security of personally identifiable information pertaining to insureds and counterparties; |
• | our ability to maintain a listing or quotation on a national securities exchange or other trading platform for our common stock; |
• | cyber security risks and the threat of data breaches resulting in disruption of our information technology systems; and |
• | loss of the services of any of our executive officers; |
• | our ability to mitigate the effects of global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") tax; |
• | We do not control our significant asset and rely on third parties to manage it. |
All written and oral forward looking statements attributable to the Company, or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. See "Risk Factors" included in our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the eleven months ended November 30, 2018. You should evaluate all forward looking statements made in this Form 10-Q in the context of these risks and uncertainties. The Company cautions you that the important factors referenced above may not contain all of the factors that are important to you.
4
Item 1 Financial Statements
Emergent Capital, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
August 31, 2019 | November 30, 2018* | ||||||
(Unaudited) | |||||||
(In thousands except share data) | |||||||
ASSETS | |||||||
Assets | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 8,780 | $ | 1,209 | |||
Certificates of deposit | 508 | 500 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 844 | 657 | |||||
Deposits - other | 1,377 | 1,377 | |||||
Life settlements, at estimated fair value | 1,254 | 1,172 | |||||
Receivable for maturity of life settlements | 17,768 | — | |||||
Fixed assets, net | 28 | 78 | |||||
Investment in limited partnership, at estimated fair value (Note 11) | 132,334 | — | |||||
Investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries, at estimated fair value (Note 4) | — | 128,795 | |||||
Investment in affiliate | 2,384 | 2,384 | |||||
Deferred tax asset | — | 576 | |||||
Total assets | $ | 165,277 | $ | 136,748 | |||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||
Liabilities | |||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 2,093 | $ | 2,446 | |||
Other liabilities | 100 | 194 | |||||
Interest payable - 8.5% Convertible Notes (Note 13) | — | 37 | |||||
8.5% Convertible Notes, net of discount and deferred debt costs (Note 13) | — | 1,173 | |||||
Interest payable - 5.0% Convertible Notes (Note 14) | 169 | 1,116 | |||||
5.0% Convertible Notes, net of discount and deferred debt costs (Note 14) | 70,697 | 69,742 | |||||
Interest payable - 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (Note 15) | 1,091 | 628 | |||||
8.5% Senior Secured Notes, net of deferred debt costs (Note 15) | 44,042 | 34,170 | |||||
Current tax liability | 2,642 | — | |||||
Total liabilities | 120,834 | 109,506 | |||||
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 18) | |||||||
Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||
Common stock (par value $0.01 per share, 415,000,000 authorized at August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018; 158,659,803 issued and 158,051,803 outstanding as of August 31, 2019; 158,733,928 issued and 158,125,928 outstanding as of November 30, 2018) | 1,587 | 1,587 | |||||
Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share, 40,000,000 authorized; 0 issued and outstanding as of August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018) | — | — | |||||
Treasury Stock, net of issuance cost (608,000 shares as of August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018) | (2,534 | ) | (2,534 | ) | |||
Additional paid-in-capital | 334,488 | 334,198 | |||||
Accumulated deficit | (289,098 | ) | (306,009 | ) | |||
Total stockholders’ equity | 44,443 | 27,242 | |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 165,277 | $ | 136,748 |
* Derived from audited consolidated financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
5
Emergent Capital, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, | For the Nine Months Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands, except share and per share data) | |||||||||||||||
Income | |||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of life settlements (Notes 10 & 16) | $ | (42 | ) | $ | 5,404 | $ | (37 | ) | $ | 19,299 | |||||
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership | (5,821 | ) | — | (5,821 | ) | — | |||||||||
Change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries (Notes 4 & 16) | 90,710 | — | 37,941 | — | |||||||||||
Other income | 2,011 | 153 | 2,028 | 396 | |||||||||||
Total income | 86,858 | 5,557 | 34,111 | 19,695 | |||||||||||
Expenses | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 2,832 | 7,979 | 8,370 | 23,398 | |||||||||||
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (Notes 12 & 16) | — | (7,037 | ) | — | (11,663 | ) | |||||||||
Personnel costs | 694 | 800 | 1,001 | 2,460 | |||||||||||
Legal fees | 1,448 | 552 | 2,117 | 3,478 | |||||||||||
Professional fees | 1,142 | 1,875 | 1,470 | 4,497 | |||||||||||
Insurance | 270 | 193 | 666 | 592 | |||||||||||
Other selling, general and administrative expenses | 276 | 394 | 399 | 1,407 | |||||||||||
Total expenses | 6,662 | 4,756 | 14,023 | 24,169 | |||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 80,196 | 801 | 20,088 | (4,474 | ) | ||||||||||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes | (5 | ) | 3,094 | 3,213 | (136 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 80,201 | $ | (2,293 | ) | $ | 16,875 | $ | (4,338 | ) | |||||
Discontinued Operations: | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | 70 | (17 | ) | 36 | (14 | ) | |||||||||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | 70 | (17 | ) | 36 | (14 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 80,271 | $ | (2,310 | ) | $ | 16,911 | $ | (4,352 | ) | |||||
Basic income (loss) per common share: | |||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | 0.51 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Discontinued operations | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||
Net income (loss) - basic | $ | 0.51 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Diluted income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | 0.41 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.10 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Discontinued operations | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||
Net income (loss) - diluted | $ | 0.41 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.10 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||
Basic | 156,968,470 | 158,305,635 | 156,949,425 | 157,919,215 | |||||||||||
Diluted | 195,979,957 | 158,305,635 | 194,867,908 | 157,919,215 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
6
Emergent Capital, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT/EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 1, 2018 | 158,733,928 | $ | 1,587 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 334,198 | $ | (306,009 | ) | $ | 27,242 | ||||||||||
Net income/(loss) | — | — | — | — | — | (37,476 | ) | (37,476 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | 98 | — | 98 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, February 28, 2019 | 158,733,928 | $ | 1,587 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 334,296 | $ | (343,485 | ) | $ | (10,136 | ) | |||||||||
Net income/(loss) | — | — | — | — | — | (25,884 | ) | (25,884 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | 97 | — | 97 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retirement of common stock | (74,125 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, May 31, 2019 | 158,659,803 | $ | 1,587 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 334,393 | $ | (369,369 | ) | $ | (35,923 | ) | |||||||||
Net income/(loss) | — | — | — | — | — | 80,271 | 80,271 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | 95 | — | 95 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, August 31, 2019 | 158,659,803 | $ | 1,587 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 334,488 | $ | (289,098 | ) | $ | 44,443 |
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 1, 2017 | 156,515,399 | $ | 1,565 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 333,631 | $ | (143,718 | ) | $ | 188,944 | ||||||||||
Net income/(loss) | — | — | — | — | — | 4,851 | 4,851 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 2,000,000 | 20 | — | — | 121 | — | 141 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retirement of common stock | (40,000 | ) | — | — | (91 | ) | — | (91 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, February 28, 2018 | 158,475,399 | $ | 1,585 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 333,661 | $ | (138,867 | ) | $ | 193,845 | ||||||||||
Net income/(loss) | — | — | — | — | — | (6,893 | ) | (6,893 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 150,000 | 1 | — | — | 122 | — | 123 | ||||||||||||||||||
Issue of common stock, net | 25,000 | — | — | — | 9 | — | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, May 31, 2018 | 158,650,399 | $ | 1,586 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 333,792 | $ | (145,760 | ) | $ | 187,084 | ||||||||||
Net income/(loss) | — | — | — | — | — | (2,310 | ) | (2,310 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 400,000 | 4 | — | — | 207 | — | 211 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retirement of common stock | (21,941 | ) | — | — | (4 | ) | — | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, August 31, 2018 | 159,028,458 | $ | 1,590 | (608,000 | ) | $ | (2,534 | ) | $ | 333,995 | $ | (148,070 | ) | $ | 184,981 |
7
Emergent Capital, Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | |||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 16,911 | $ | (4,352 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities: | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 63 | 55 | |||||
Amortization of discount and deferred costs for 8.5% Convertible Notes | 21 | 62 | |||||
Amortization of discount and deferred costs for 5.0% Convertible Notes | 955 | 889 | |||||
Amortization of deferred costs for 8.5% Senior Secured Notes | 554 | 197 | |||||
Change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries | (37,941 | ) | — | ||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 290 | 380 | |||||
Finance cost and fees withheld by borrower | — | 1,910 | |||||
Interest paid in kind on 8.5% Senior Secured Notes | 2,842 | — | |||||
Change in fair value of life settlements | 37 | (19,299 | ) | ||||
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership | 5,821 | — | |||||
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | — | (11,663 | ) | ||||
Interest income | (311 | ) | (114 | ) | |||
Deferred tax asset | 576 | — | |||||
Deferred tax liability | — | (2,378 | ) | ||||
Change in assets and liabilities: | |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 118 | 145 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (394 | ) | 306 | ||||
Other liabilities | (155 | ) | 14 | ||||
Current tax liability | 2,642 | 2,242 | |||||
Interest payable - 8.5% Convertible Notes | (37 | ) | (25 | ) | |||
Interest payable - 5.0% Convertible Notes | (948 | ) | (948 | ) | |||
Interest payable - 8.5% Senior Secured Notes | 463 | 8 | |||||
Net cash used in operating activities | (8,493 | ) | (32,571 | ) | |||
Cash flows from investing activities | |||||||
Purchase of fixed assets, net of disposals | (5 | ) | — | ||||
Premiums paid on life settlements | (118 | ) | (67,916 | ) | |||
Proceeds from maturity of life settlements | — | 52,304 | |||||
Consolidation of subsidiaries (cash) | 10,905 | — | |||||
Net cash provided by (used) in investing activities | 10,782 | (15,612 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities | |||||||
Borrowings from White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | — | 67,580 | |||||
Repayment of borrowings under White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | — | (34,597 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from issue of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes | 6,476 | — | |||||
Repayment of 8.5% Convertible Notes | (1,194 | ) | — | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 5,282 | 32,983 | |||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 7,571 | (15,200 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of the period | 1,209 | 31,208 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of the period | $ | 8,780 | $ | 16,008 | |||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | |||||||
Cash paid for interest during the period | $ | 4,430 | $ | 22,865 |
8
Emergent Capital, Inc.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
August 31, 2019
(1) Description of Business
Emergent Capital, Inc. was founded in December 2006 as a Florida limited liability company, Imperial Holdings, LLC, and converted into Imperial Holdings, Inc. on February 3, 2011, in connection with our initial public offering. Effective September 1, 2015, the name was changed to Emergent Capital, Inc. (with its subsidiary companies, the "Company" or "Emergent Capital").
Emergent Capital, through its subsidiaries, owns 2 life insurance policies, also referred to as life settlements, with a fair value of $1.3 million and an aggregate death benefit of approximately $12.0 million at August 31, 2019. Additionally, through a subsidiary, the Company owns a 27.5% equity investment, having an estimated fair value of approximately $132.3 million at August 31, 2019, in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP ("White Eagle"), which was previously a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that holds a portfolio of life settlements. The Company primarily earns income through change in fair value and death benefits from these two polices and change in fair value and distributions from its equity investment in White Eagle.
Change in Financial Year End
On September 7, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") adopted resolutions to change the Company’s fiscal year end, and therefore the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries changed their fiscal year ends, from December 31 to November 30, effective immediately. The Company filed a Transition Report on Form 10-KT in accordance with SEC rules and regulations for the fiscal period ended November 30, 2018, which covered transactions from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2018. This Form 10-Q covers the period beginning June 1, 2019 and ending August 31, 2019 compared to June 1, 2018 to August 31, 2018. As a result, the Form 10-Q will not be comparable to the results filed for the third quarter of 2018 covering July 1, 2018 to September 30, 2018.
Voluntary Petitions for Relief Under Chapter 11 and De-consolidation of Subsidiaries
On November 14, 2018 (the "Petition Date"), Lamington Road Designated Activity Company (formerly known as Lamington Road Limited), the Company’s wholly-owned indirect Irish subsidiary ("Lamington" or "Lamington Road DAC"), and White Eagle General Partner, LLC, the Company’s wholly-owned indirect Delaware subsidiary ("WEGP"), filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "Bankruptcy Court"). Lamington is the limited partner and owns 99.99%, and WEGP is the general partner and owns 0.01%, of White Eagle. In its capacity as general partner, WEGP manages the affairs of White Eagle. The Lamington and WEGP filings are referred to as the "November Chapter 11 Cases."
The commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases would constitute defaults and events of default under the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture and the New Convertible Note Indenture (each as defined below). However, such defaults and events of default and their consequences were waived in advance of the November Chapter 11 Cases by holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amounts of each of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes, and consequently, the Company believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred under either the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture or the New Convertible Note Indenture. The commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases constituted an event of default under the Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2017, by and among White Eagle, as borrower, Imperial Finance and Trading, LLC, Lamington Road Bermuda, LTD, as Portfolio Manager ("Lamington Bermuda"), CLMG Corp., as Administrative Agent ("CLMG"), and LNV Corporation, as Lender ("LNV"), as amended (the "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility"), resulting in the principal and accrued interest due from White Eagle thereunder becoming immediately due and payable. Lamington and WEGP have pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Any efforts by LNV, or CLMG to enforce such pledges by Lamington and WEGP of their respective interests in White Eagle in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are automatically stayed as a result of the commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases and LNV’s and CLMG’s rights of enforcement in respect of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are subject to the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. In addition, on November 15, 2018, White Eagle, LNV and CLMG entered into an Agreement Regarding Rights and Remedies (the "Standstill Agreement"), pursuant to which LNV and CLMG agreed to refrain from exercising their rights and remedies in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, subject to the terms and provisions of the Standstill Agreement, until 12:00 p.m. noon Pacific time on November 26, 2018, to facilitate negotiations. The effective period under the Standstill Agreement was extended several times, finally to December 13, 2018.
9
On December 13, 2018, White Eagle filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "White Eagle Chapter 11 Case" and, together with the November Chapter 11 Cases, the "Chapter 11 Cases"). The Company obtained waivers from the requisite holders of each of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes with respect to the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, similar to the waivers for the November Chapter 11 Cases, and believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred with respect to both the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and the New Convertible Notes.
Subsequent Event
On September 16, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case.
Beal Litigation
On January 25, 2019, the Company, White Eagle, Lamington, and WEGP, collectively the "Plaintiffs", filed suit (the "Suit") against LNV , Silver Point Capital L.P. ("Silver Point") and GWG Holdings, Inc. ("GWG" and, with LNV and Silver Point, the "Defendants") in the Bankruptcy Court, where the Suit will be administered together with the Chapter 11 Cases. LNV, a subsidiary of Beal Bank ("Beal"), is the lender under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
In the Suit, the Plaintiffs allege that the Defendants engaged in a scheme to coerce the Plaintiffs into selling their valuable portfolio of life insurance policies to defendants for well below its true value. Pursuant to the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, LNV agreed to lend $370 million to White Eagle, and in connection therewith received a 45% equity stake in White Eagle. That equity stake, and LNV’s significant control over White Eagle under the Credit Facility, creates a joint venture, and gives rise to fiduciary duties to White Eagle and Emergent, on the part of LNV. The Plaintiffs further allege that LNV has been engaged in a concerted campaign to "squeeze" White Eagle and Emergent by improperly restricting their cash flow, in the hopes that White Eagle and Emergent will have no choice but to sell the valuable policy portfolio to LNV or one of its proxies, including Silver Point and/or GWG, at below its true value.
In connection with the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, on January 15, 2019, the Court authorized the Debtors to use the proceeds of pre-petition cash collateral for a period of twenty (20) weeks (the "Cash Collateral"), which allowance was extended in May 2019 for another nine (9) weeks. The Cash Collateral may be used solely for the purposes permitted under the budget approved by the Court, including (i) to provide working capital needs of the Debtors and general corporate purposes of the Debtors, (ii) to make the payments or fund amounts otherwise permitted in the final order that authorized such uses and such budget, (iii) to fund amounts necessary to pay certain fees; and (iv) to fund amounts necessary to pay certain professional fees in accordance with such Budget.
Global Settlement Agreement in Principle in Bankruptcies
On May 7, 2019, a global settlement in principle of the Chapter 11 Cases and the Suit was announced on the record to, and filed with, the Bankruptcy Court jointly by the Debtors and Defendants (the "Proposed Settlement"). The Proposed Settlement would be effected together with the plan of reorganization, in accordance with the following schedule: (x) the Proposed Settlement and plan of reorganization, and other relevant documents, would be filed with the Bankruptcy Court by May 24, 2019, (y) the parties would use their best efforts to have the Proposed Settlement approved by the Bankruptcy Court by June 7, 2019, and (z) the parties would use their best efforts to have a confirmation hearing for approval of the plan of reorganization by the Bankruptcy Court held on or before June 21, 2019.
Pursuant to the Proposed Settlement, among other things:
• | White Eagle shall have up to and including September 17, 2019 to satisfy any and all obligations to LNV under the Credit Facility by paying LNV 102% of its outstanding principal plus accrued interest at the relevant default rate, accrued fees and costs, which aggregate amount would include the resolution of the 45% participation interest element of the Credit Facility which was part of the subject matter of the Suit; |
• | If White Eagle satisfies such obligations after September 17, 2019 and by December 30, 2019, the amount due on the outstanding principal would increase to 104%; |
• | In the event LNV has not received the payoff described above by September 17, 2019, the court-appointed liquidation trustee, together with investment banking assistance from Maple Life Financial, LLC, shall have full authority to sell |
10
White Eagle’s life insurance policy portfolio (which constitutes collateral under the Credit Facility) for the maximum amount achievable through an orderly sale process, taking into account that the transaction must be closed no later than December 30, 2019; in connection with this authority, the liquidation trustee and the investment banker may work prior to September 17, 2019 to prepare the portfolio for sale, but may not take actions to actually commence a sale including, but not limited to, marketing the portfolio or contacting potential buyers about the portfolio, prior to such date.
• | If the portfolio is sold in whole or in part, LNV shall only have the right to step in to bid for such sale if, and to the extent, the total amounts generated through the sale thereof do not fully satisfy the payoff amount. |
• | If the sale of any portion of the policies that serve as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (the "Collateral") has not closed or the proceeds of such sale(s) have not been received by CLMG by December 30, 2019, and if the obligations due to LNV (the "Payoff Amount") has not then been paid in cash in full, such Collateral shall be transferred on or before Noon Eastern on December 31, 2019 to CLMG (or its designee) in full satisfaction of the remaining unpaid portion of the amounts due to LNV. |
In addition, in order to provide sufficient cash flow to the Company during this period, and subject to negotiation of mutually-agreed upon terms and conditions, the Debtors shall have the right to use proceeds from the maturity of any portfolio policy and resolution of certain claims, and LNV will provide the Debtors a revolving $15.0 million of debtor-in-possession financing (which amount may be increased if found to be insufficient) through December 30, 2019 (the "DIP Financing").
On June 5, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court approved an agreement memorializing the Proposed Settlement (the "Settlement Agreement") and the DIP Financing. The plan of reorganization for the Chapter 11 Cases, which implements the Settlement Agreement and the DIP Financing (the "Plan of Reorganization") was confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court on June 19, 2019.
On July 18, 2019, the Company entered into a commitment letter (the "Commitment Letter") with Lamington, White Eagle and Jade Mountain Partners ("Jade Mountain") in connection with the Plan of Reorganization. The Commitment Letter provided for a transaction in which Jade Mountain and/or certain of its affiliates and/or certain investors would acquire 72.5% of the equity interests of White Eagle in exchange for $384.3 million as may be adjusted in accordance with the final documentation. The Commitment Letter and its terms and the transactions contemplated thereby were approved by the Bankruptcy Court on July 22, 2019.
Repayment and Termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
On August 16, 2019, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") with Lamington Road ("Class B Limited Partner"), White Eagle, WEGP ("Withdrawing General Partner"), and Palomino JV, L.P. ("Palomino" or "Class A Limited Partner"), in connection with the commitment letter signed on June 22, 2019 with Jade Mountain Partners, LLC ("Jade Mountain"), pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain (the "Manager") all of its general partnership interests (collectively, the "WE Investment") for a purchase price of approximately $366.2 million and $8.0 million for the Class A and Class D interests, respectively. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests with a value of approximately $138.9 million on the closing date.
The proceeds of the WE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility , and (ii) DIP Financing extended by CLMG, as Administrative Agent ("CLMG"), as agent, and LNV, as Lender, to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to a Master Termination Agreement dated as of August 16, 2019 among WEGP, Lamington, White Eagle, Markley Asset Portfolio, LLC, CLMG, as administrative agent, LNV, as initial lender, Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacities as securities intermediary, custodian and agent, and Palomino (the "Master Termination Agreement"). The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization for Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle approved by the Bankruptcy Court with respect to the previously announced voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code of Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle (the "Chapter 11 Cases").
The WE Investment was consummated, and the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid off in full and terminated, on August 16, 2019. The payoff totaled $402.5 million, which included payment directly to CLMG by Palomino of
11
$374.2 million and payment to CLMG by White Eagle of $28.3 million, collectively sufficient to repay, under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the outstanding principal of $368.0 million, accrued and unpaid interest of $21.3 million plus, under the Plan of Reorganization, an early payment amount due to LNV of $7.4 million and lender-allowed claims of $5.8 million. Of the $374.2 million purchase price of the limited partnership, $8.0 million was allocated to the Class D interests which amount is to be repaid in accordance with the distribution terms of the amended and restated Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle.
In connection with the WE Investment, the Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interests. Pursuant to the A&R LPA, holders of Class A interests are entitled to receive distributions on the amounts paid or contributed by them in relation to the WE Investment and funding of the Advance Facility after payment of premiums on the portfolio policies and other fees and expenses. The A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and Class B Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately $8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and $4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years), provided that commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilized to repay the Class D Return of $8.0 million, which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of $2.0 million or 11% per annum on such $8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such Class D Return. The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distributions as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility) and to any indemnification payments, if any, due to such holders and related indemnified persons pursuant to the indemnities afforded them in and in relation to the A&R LPA, Subscription Agreement, Master Termination Agreement and related documents. As of the closing of the Investment, Lamington Bermuda resigned as manager of the portfolio and was replaced by Jade Mountain or an affiliate thereof.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington also entered into (i) a pledge agreement (the "Pledge Agreement") pursuant to which it pledged the 27.5% limited partnership interests of White Eagle owned by it to Palomino and certain other secured parties in support of the payment and indemnification obligations described above, and (ii) an assumption agreement among White Eagle, Lamington, the Company and WEGP (the "Assumption Agreement") pursuant to which Lamington assumed all liabilities and obligations of White Eagle and WEGP as of the closing date of the Transactions, and Lamington, the Company and WEGP agreed to terminate, waive and release any intercompany debt, obligations and liabilities of White Eagle to Lamington, the Company and WEGP. On August 16, 2019, Emergent entered into an indemnification agreement (the "Indemnification Agreement") pursuant to which it indemnified Wilmington Trust, National Association against claims and liabilities that may arise in relation to policies that have matured prior to the Closing Date but as to which Wilmington Trust, National Association has historically held title as securities intermediary.
See Note 11, "Investment in Limited Partnership", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Deconsolidation and Subsequent Measurement of the Deconsolidated Entities
Lamington and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle, WEGP and Lamington Bermuda), financial results were excluded from the Company’s consolidated results for the period from November 14, 2018, the Petition Date to August 16, 2019 the day the date the White Eagle Revolving Facility was terminated. ASC 810, Consolidation require that an entity whose financial statements were previously consolidated with those of its parent that files for protection under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, whether solvent or insolvent, generally must be prospectively deconsolidated from the parent and presented as an equity investment (deconsolidation applies to Lamington and all subsidiaries owned, directly or indirectly, by Lamington, including WEGP, White Eagle and Lamington Bermuda which collectively are referred to herein as the ("Deconsolidated Entities" or the "Debtors"). Therefore, our 2019 results are not comparable with our 2018 results. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value each reporting period. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date.
12
Lamington and WEGP had pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, with the termination of the facility, this pledge was also terminated. There was no outstanding third party liabilities for either Lamington or WEGP at August 16, 2019 besides intercompany obligations to Emergent.
On September 16, 2019, subsequent to the quarter end, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and a final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, the Lamington and WEGP case were not yet dismissed as of the filing date of this Form 10Q.
However pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP as of August 17, 2019 was appropriate.
As part of the WE Investment, the Company sold 72.5% of its ownership in White Eagle, which is the most substantial asset of the Company, resulting in a reduction in its ownership from 100% to 27.5%. Given the new percentage ownership, this is considered an equity investment. Based on the A&R LPA, the Company will receive funds from White Eagle through a monthly distribution which is highly driven by maturities of the portfolio. Although the Company is guaranteed certain monthly payments, the Class A Partner must be made whole based on their established IRR of 11% which exposes the Company as to the amount and timing of funds that will be received. Although White Eagle continues to be a VIE under ASC 810, Consolidation, the Company has not met the criteria for consolidation as they do not have a controlling interest in While Eagle, financially or otherwise. Based on the A&R LPA, the Company's management responsibilities are very limited. The Company's remaining ownership of White Eagle does not give the Company any control over decisions of White Eagle and the Company is the minority owner. As a result, the Company is precluded from consolidating White Eagle Asset Portfolio at August 31, 2019.
White Eagle previously valued its life settlement policies at fair value whose valuation were based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. The Company now holds an equity investment of 27.5% in White Eagle whose only assets are these life settlements. Additionally, the investment includes a mezzanine financing which the Company assumed at closing which repayment by, and ultimate distributions to, the Company are based on a prescribed waterfall with a guaranteed 11% return to the majority owner partner. Given the nature of this ownership, fair value is not readily redeemable and inputs are not observable. The Company will utilize a fair value approach to account for its 27.5% investment in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, and the calculation will be performed consistent with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings.
2) Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, all of its wholly-owned subsidiary companies and its special purpose entities, with the exception of the Deconsolidated Entities, White Eagle Asset Portfolio, an unconsolidated equity investment effective August 17, 2019, which is accounted for using fair value and Imperial Settlements Financing 2010, LLC ("ISF 2010"), an unconsolidated special purpose entity which is accounted for using the measurement alternative, which is measured at cost less impairment. The special purpose entity was to fulfill specific objectives. All significant intercompany balances and transactions except those related to Lamington after November 13, 2018 to August 16, 2019 (see Note 4) have been eliminated in consolidation, including income from services performed by subsidiary companies in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, as detailed herein.
The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the rules and regulations of the SEC for Form 10-Q and therefore do not include certain information, accounting policies, and footnote disclosure information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. However, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals), which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements, have been included. Operating results for the three months ended August 31, 2019 and nine months ended August 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for future periods or for the year ending November 30, 2019. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Emergent Capital's Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018.
Liquidity
Historically, the Company has incurred substantial losses, which has resulted in an accumulated deficit of approximately $289.1 million as of August 31, 2019. Cash flows used in operating activities were $8.5 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and $32.6 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2018. As of August 31, 2019, the Company had approximately $8.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of $508,000; of this amount, approximately $8.8 million is available to pay premiums on the two unencumbered policies for which such expenses will approximate $45,000 in 2019 and other overhead expenses.
13
The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to meet its liquidity needs through a combination of factors including but not limited to, the receipt of distributions from its investment in its equity investment in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, strategic capital market raises and cash on hand.
As of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, we had approximately $26.8 million of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of certificates of deposit of $511,000. In considering our forecast for the next twelve months with the current cash balance as of the filing of this Form 10-Q, the Company has sufficient resources to meet its liquidity needs for the foreseeable future.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments that might result from uncertainty about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Reorganization and Consolidation
Lamington and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle and WEGP) filing of the Chapter 11 Cases was a reconsideration event for Emergent Capital to reevaluate whether consolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries (White Eagle, WEGP and Lamington Road Bermuda Limited) (collectively, and with Lamington, the "Deconsolidated Entities") continued to be appropriate. Under ASC 810, Consolidation, specifically ASC 810-10-15, consolidation of a majority-owned subsidiary is precluded where control does not rest with the majority owners, for instance, where the subsidiary is in legal reorganization or bankruptcy. Accordingly, when a subsidiary files for bankruptcy, it is appropriate for the parent to deconsolidate the subsidiary. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date.
On June 19, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Plan of Reorganization for the Chapter 11 Cases. The Plan of Reorganization implemented the Settlement Agreement and the DIP Financing. In addition, the Plan of Reorganization provided for the payment of all other allowed third party creditor claims in full, including allowed professional fees and taxes. The effective date of the Plan of Reorganization was June 19, 2019.
On August 16, 2019, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid in full and terminated, additionally, payment was made to all White Eagle vendors and intercompany liabilities were contributed by Emergent. Lamington and WEGP had pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. With the termination of the facility, this pledge was released. There were no outstanding third party liabilities for either Lamington or WEGP at August 16, 2019 besides intercompany obligations to Emergent. Pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP as of August 17, 2019 was appropriate. However, the consummation of the transaction under the Subscription Agreement resulted in the Company being a minority owner in White Eagle, the entity was not reconsolidated but rather treated as an equity investment.
On September 16, 2019, subsequent to the quarter end, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP Chapter 11 Cases were not yet dismissed as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q.
Related Party Relationship
Upon filing for Chapter 11 and the subsequent deconsolidation, transactions with Lamington are no longer eliminated in consolidation and are treated as related party transactions for Emergent Capital. See Note 5 "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements For Entities in Bankruptcy" for all transactions between Emergent Capital and Lamington.
14
Discontinued Operations
On October 25, 2013, the Company sold substantially all of the assets comprising its structured settlement business. As a result, the Company has discontinued segment reporting and classified its operating results of the structured settlement business, net of income taxes, as discontinued operations. The accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements, reflect the classification of its structured settlement business operating results, net of tax, as discontinued operations. See Note 9, "Discontinued Operations," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. Unless otherwise noted, the following notes refer to the Company’s continuing operations.
Foreign Currency
The Company owns certain foreign subsidiary companies formed under the laws of Ireland, the Bahamas and Bermuda. These foreign subsidiary companies utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. The foreign subsidiary companies' financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and therefore, there are no translation gains and losses resulting from translating the financial statements at exchange rates other than the functional currency. Any gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions (transactions denominated in a currency other than the subsidiary companies' functional currency) are included in income. These gains and losses are immaterial to the Company’s financial statements.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material. Significant estimates made by management include income taxes, the valuation of life settlements, the valuation of the debt owing under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the valuation of equity awards, the valuation of our investment in deconsolidated entities and the valuation of our investment in limited partnership.
(3) Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" (Topic 842). The new guidance establishes the principles to report transparent and economically neutral information about the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. All leases create an asset and a liability for the lessee in accordance with FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements, and, therefore, recognition of those lease assets and lease liabilities represents an improvement over previous GAAP, which did not require lease assets and lease liabilities to be recognized for most leases. In December 2018, the Board released the amendments related to 1) sales taxes and other similar taxes collected from lessees that affect all lessors electing the accounting policy election; 2) lessor costs affecting all lessor entities that have lease contracts that either require lessees to pay lessor costs directly to a third party or require lessees to reimburse lessors for costs paid by lessors directly to third parties; and 3) recognition of variable payments for contracts with lease and nonlease components affecting all lessor entities with variable payments related to both lease and nonlease components. During the first quarter of 2019, the FASB issued targeted amendments to ASC 842 that affect how (1) financial institution lessors present lessee payments in their statements of cash flows and (2) lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers determine the fair value of the underlying asset. The FASB also clarified that companies transitioning to ASC 842 do not need to provide the interim transition disclosures required by ASC 250 (accounting changes and error corrections). All entities, including early adopters, must apply the amendments in this Update to all new and existing leases. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements. We do not expect that it will have a material impact.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" to address stakeholder concerns about the guidance in current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that requires deferred tax liabilities and assets to be adjusted for the effect of a change in tax laws or rates with the effect included in income from continuing operations in the reporting period that includes the enactment date. The amendments in this update allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
15
In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, "Targeted Improvements to Leases" (Topic 842) primarily to provide another transition method in addition to the existing transition method by allowing entities to initially apply the new leases standard at the adoption date (such as January 1, 2019, for calendar year-end public business entities) and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption consistent with preparers’ requests. The amendments in this Update address stakeholders’ concerns about the requirement for lessors to separate components of a contract by providing lessors with a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component, similar to the expedient provided for lessees. The amendments in this Update also clarify which Topic (Topic 842 or Topic 606) applies for the combined component. For entities that have not adopted Topic 842 before the issuance of this Update, the effective date and transition requirements for the amendments in this Update related to separating components of a contract are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in Update 2016-02.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, "Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement" which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The following disclosure requirements were removed from Topic 820 among others: 1) The amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy 2) The policy for timing of transfers between levels. The following disclosure requirements were part of the modifications in Topic 820:1) For investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee’s assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity or announced the timing publicly. The amendments also clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. Lastly, the following disclosure requirements were added to Topic 820: 1) the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; 2) the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information (such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Targeted Improvements to Related Party Guidance for Variable Interest Entities ("ASU 2018-17"). ASU 2018-17 provides that indirect interests held through related parties in common control arrangements should be considered on a proportional basis for determining whether fees paid to decision makers and service providers are variable interests. ASU 2018-17 is effective for public companies for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019- 05 which amends ASU 2016-13 to allow companies to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the fair value option on financial instruments that (1) were previously recorded at amortized cost and (2) are within the scope of ASC 326-203 if the instruments are eligible for the fair value option under ASC 825-10.4 The fair value option election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities. Entities are required to make this election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. ASU 2019-05’s amendments should be applied "on a modified-retrospective basis by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings balance in the statement of financial position as of the date that an entity adopted the amendments in ASU 2016-13." Certain disclosures are required. For entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the amendments in ASU 2019-05 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods therein. An entity may early adopt the ASU in any interim period after its issuance if the entity has adopted ASU 2016-13. For all other entities, the effective date will be the same as the effective date in ASU 2016-13.We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No 2019-04 which clarifies certain aspects of accounting for credit losses, hedging activities, and financial instruments. The ASU’s amendments apply to all entities within the scope of the affected guidance. Accrued interest - Amortized cost basis is defined in ASU 2016-13 as "the amount at which a financing receivable or investment is originated or acquired, adjusted for applicable accrued interest, accretion or amortization of premium, discount, and net deferred fees or costs, collection of cash, writeoffs, foreign exchange, and fair value hedge accounting
16
adjustments" (emphasis added). To address stakeholders’ concerns that the inclusion of accrued interest in the definition of amortized cost basis could make application of the credit loss guidance operationally burdensome, ASU 2019-04 provides certain alternatives for the measurement of the allowance for credit losses (ALL) on accrued interest receivable (AIR). These measurement alternatives include (1) measuring an ALL on AIR separately, (2) electing to provide separate disclosure of the AIR component of amortized cost as a practical expedient, and (3) making accounting policy elections to simplify certain aspects of the presentation and measurement of such AIR. For entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13, the amendments in ASU 2019-04 related to ASU 2016-13 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods therein. ASU 2019-04’s amendments should be applied "on a modified-retrospective basis by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance in the statement of financial position as of the date an entity adopted the amendments in ASU 2016-13." Certain disclosures are also required. For all other entities, the effective date will be the same as the effective date in ASU 2016-13.We are currently evaluating the methods and impact of adopting this new standard on our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2019, the FASB issued ASU No 2019-07, Codification Updates to SEC Sections—Amendments to SEC paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Final Rule Releases No. 33-10532, Disclosure Update and Simplification and Nos. 33-10231 and 33-10442, Investment Company Reporting Modernization, and Miscellaneous Updates. The FASB has updated the SEC portion of its codification literature to reflect changes the regulator made to simplify disclosures, modernize the reporting and disclosure of information by registered investment companies, and other items. ASU. 2019-07 updates the codification to reflect the amendments of various SEC disclosure requirements that the agency determined were redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated or superseded. The SEC amended its disclosure rules in 2018 with the aim of providing investors with useful disclosure information and to simplify compliance without significantly altering the mix of the information being provided. The amendments were part of an initiative by the SEC’s Division of Corporation Finance to review disclosure requirements applicable to issuers to consider ways to improve the requirements for the benefit of investors and issuers. The amendments are effective upon issuance of this update on July 2019.
Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
On August 17, 2018, the SEC issued a final rule that amends certain of its disclosure requirements that have become redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated, or superseded, in light of other Commission disclosure requirements, or changes in the information environment. The financial reporting implications of the final rule’s amendments are generally expected to reduce or eliminate some of an SEC registrant’s disclosure requirements. In limited circumstances, however, the amendments may expand those requirements, including those related to interim disclosures about changes in stockholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests (hereinafter referred to as changes in stockholders’ equity). The changes in stockholders’ equity extends to interim periods the annual disclosure requirement in SEC Regulation S-X, Rule 3-04,5,6 of presenting (1) changes in stockholders’ equity and (2) the amount of dividends per share for each class of shares. An analysis of changes in stockholders’ equity will now be required for the current and comparative year-to-date interim periods with subtotals for each interim period. Note that both rules refer to Rule 3-04 for presentation requirements, which, among other items, include a reconciliation that describes all significant reconciling items in each caption of stockholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests (if applicable). Rule 3-04 permits the disclosure of changes in stockholders’ equity (including dividend-per-share amounts) to be made either in a separate financial statement or in the notes to the financial statements. The final rule was effective for all filings submitted on or after November 5, 2018. This standard was adopted during the nine months ended August 31, 2019.
(4) Deconsolidation of Subsidiaries
On the Petition Date, Lamington and WEGP filed the November Chapter 11 Cases in the Bankruptcy Court. As of such date, Lamington was the limited partner and owned 99.99%, and WEGP was the general partner and owned 0.01%, of White Eagle. In its capacity as general partner, WEGP managed the affairs of White Eagle. Lamington and WEGP will continue to operate their businesses as "debtors-in-possession" under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and orders of the Bankruptcy Court. Emergent Capital (exclusive of its subsidiaries) is a separate entity, and has not filed for bankruptcy relief and is continuing to operate in the ordinary course.
The Deconsolidated Entities' financial results are included in the Company’s consolidated results through November 13, 2018, the day prior the Petition Date. However, under ASC 810, Consolidation, specifically ASC 810-10-15, consolidation of a majority-owned subsidiary is precluded where control does not rest with the majority owners, for instance, where the subsidiary is in legal reorganization or bankruptcy. Accordingly, when a subsidiary files for bankruptcy, it is appropriate for the parent to deconsolidate the subsidiary. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date.
17
At November 13, 2018, the pre-petition date, the Company valued its investment in Lamington to be $278.4 million, of which $127.3 million represents equity, $145.9 million represents promissory notes and interest receivable and $5.2 million represents other liabilities, which is equivalent to the Company's carrying value. This valuation was determined by performing a fair value calculation of the assets and liabilities of Lamington under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. The Company currently uses a probabilistic method of valuing life insurance policies, which the Company believes to be the preferred valuation method in the industry. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. The Company calculated the fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility using a discounted cash flow model taking into account the stated interest rate of the credit facility and probabilistic cash flows from the pledged policies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the Company’s estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company, or holders of the instruments, could realize in a current market exchange. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insureds, the estimate of the amount that will be necessary to settle the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, and the discount rate. The use of different assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair values. All other assets and liabilities were deemed equivalent to their carrying value as at the pre-petition date. See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities was effective for calendar year-end public business entities in 2018. Under the new guidance, a reporting entity should account for its equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity method at fair value, with changes to fair value recorded in current earnings. Lamington's main subsidiary, White Eagle, carries its life settlements policies and debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility at fair value, these valuations are based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. As a result, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01 to value its investment in Lamington. The calculation was performed consistent with ASC 820 with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings.
As a result of the Chapter 11 Cases, consistent with ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities, the Company subsequently, measured its investment in Lamington at fair value as of November 30, 2018. Further, the Company engaged a third party to perform a quantitative assessment to determine the value of its investment in Lamington. The valuation report showed the fair value of the Company's investment in Lamington to be $128.8 million, which was $149.6 million lower than its pre-petition value. As a result, the Company recognized a reduction in its investment in Lamington at November 30, 2018.
On August 16, 2019, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid in full and terminated. In addition, payment was made to all White Eagle vendors and intercompany liabilities were contributed by Emergent. Lamington and WEGP had pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. With the termination of the facility, this pledge was released. There were no outstanding third party liabilities for either Lamington or WEGP at August 16, 2019 besides intercompany obligations.
On September 16, 2019, subsequent to the quarter end, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and a final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP case were not yet dismissed as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q. However pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP as of August 17, 2019 was appropriate.
The Company further evaluated its investment at August 16, 2019 and recognized a gain of approximately $37.9 million, which amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The amount is associated with gains incurred by Lamington for the period up to August 16, 2019 in considering the proceeds received through the transactions for the Subscription Agreement, the actual payoff of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and all other third party claims.
Effective August 17, 2019, the entities are no longer deconsolidated.
The fair value of the investment in Lamington is calculated as follows:
Investment in Lamington at December 1, 2018 | $ | 128,795 | |
Less: Change in fair value | 37,941 | ||
Investment in Lamington at August 16, 2019 | $ | 166,736 |
The table below summarizes the composition of the Company's investment in the deconsolidated entities at August 16, 2019:
18
Change in Fair Value | |||||||||||
November 30, 2018 | December 1, 2018 to August 16, 2019 | August 16, 2019 | |||||||||
Equity investment | $ | 66,251 | $ | (45,847 | ) | $ | 20,404 | ||||
Promissory notes | 56,596 | 89,736 | 146,332 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 5,948 | (5,948 | ) | — | |||||||
Total investment | $ | 128,795 | $ | 37,941 | $ | 166,736 |
19
(5) Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements for Entities in Bankruptcy
Condensed consolidated financial information for Lamington Road DAC is set forth below, presented at historical cost basis from the Petition Date to August 16, 2019.
Lamington Road DAC
(Debtor-in-Possession)
Condensed and Consolidated Balance Sheet
August 31, 2019 | November 30, 2018 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | |||||||
(In thousands except share data) | |||||||
ASSETS | |||||||
Assets | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | 33,719 | |||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | — | 68 | |||||
Investment in life settlements, at estimated fair value | — | 505,235 | |||||
Receivable for maturity of life settlements | — | 27,700 | |||||
Total assets | $ | — | $ | 566,722 | |||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT/EQUITY | |||||||
Liabilities | |||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | — | 1,410 | |||||
Other liabilities (subject to compromise)* | — | 5,997 | |||||
Revolving Credit Facility debt, at estimated fair value | — | 346,671 | |||||
Promissory notes payable (subject to compromise)* | — | 137,813 | |||||
Promissory notes interest payable (subject to compromise)* | — | 8,580 | |||||
Total liabilities | — | 500,471 | |||||
Share Capital (1 share of $1 authorized and issued) | — | — | |||||
Additional paid in capital | — | 60,602 | |||||
Accumulated deficit/retained earnings | — | 5,649 | |||||
Total stockholders' deficit/equity | — | 66,251 | |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | — | $ | 566,722 |
*Liabilities subject to compromise include pre-petition unsecured claims, which may be settled at amounts different from those recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
20
Lamington Road DAC
(Debtor-in-Possession)
Condensed and Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the Three Months Ended August 31, | For the Nine Months Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||
Change in Fair Value of Life Settlements (Notes 10 & 16) | $ | 12,985 | $ | 5,245 | $ | (16,841 | ) | $ | 19,144 | ||||||
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership (Note 11&16) | 15,352 | — | 15,352 | — | |||||||||||
Realized Gain on Life Settlements, Net | 21,336 | — | 21,336 | — | |||||||||||
Other income | 345 | 134 | 709 | 304 | |||||||||||
Total income | 50,018 | 5,379 | 20,556 | 19,448 | |||||||||||
Interest expense | 23,331 | 5,844 | 28,331 | 16,716 | |||||||||||
Interest expense - affiliate | — | 2,478 | — | 7,330 | |||||||||||
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (Notes 12 & 16) | (26,586 | ) | (7,037 | ) | 17,094 | (11,663 | ) | ||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 7,360 | — | 7,360 | — | |||||||||||
Participation Interest - Revolving Credit Facility | — | — | — | 340 | |||||||||||
Reorganization cost | 4,769 | — | 13,954 | — | |||||||||||
Legal fees | 158 | 836 | 890 | 1,987 | |||||||||||
Professional fees | 659 | 478 | 1,549 | 1,510 | |||||||||||
Administrative service fees - affiliate | — | — | 2,765 | 2,371 | |||||||||||
Other general and administrative expenses | (71 | ) | 96 | 469 | 292 | ||||||||||
Total expenses | 9,620 | 2,695 | 72,412 | 18,883 | |||||||||||
Income taxes | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
(Loss) income | $ | 40,398 | $ | 2,684 | $ | (51,856 | ) | $ | 565 |
21
Lamington Road DAC
(Debtor-in-Possession)
Condensed and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | ||||||
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (58,793 | ) | $ | (18,283 | ) | |
Cash flows from investing activities | |||||||
Premiums paid on life settlements | (69,827 | ) | (67,815 | ) | |||
Proceeds from maturity of life settlements | 92,505 | 52,304 | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities | $ | 22,678 | $ | (15,511 | ) | ||
Cash flows from financing activities | |||||||
Repayment of borrowings under White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | (1,804 | ) | (34,597 | ) | |||
Borrowings from White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | 4,221 | 67,580 | |||||
Cash distributed to Parent Company | (21 | ) | 700 | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | $ | 2,396 | $ | 33,683 | |||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (33,719 | ) | (111 | ) | |||
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of the period | 33,719 | 12,129 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of the period | $ | — | $ | 12,018 | |||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | |||||||
Cash paid for interest during the period | $ | 28,331 | $ | 16,716 | |||
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash financing activities: | |||||||
Repayment of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility by third party from proceeds of sale of life settlement | $ | 366,821 | $ | — | |||
White Eagle early extinguishment fees paid by third party from proceeds of Class D Shares | $ | 7,360 | $ | — |
Related Party Transactions
Certain related party transactions had been eliminated in consolidation. Due to the deconsolidation of Lamington, transactions after November 13, 2018 are no longer eliminated. With deemed discharge of the Chapter 11 Cases, effective August 17, 2019 related party transactions are now eliminated in consolidation. The below is a description of related party transactions for the period.
Administrative Services Fees
In 2014, White Eagle entered into an Administrative Service Agreement with Imperial Finance and Trading ("IFT"). Under the agreement, IFT will perform certain non-discretionary, administrative or ministerial services to assist with certain reporting, compliance and document retention duties and obligations arising under or in connection with the Amended and Restated Loan and Securities Agreement. IFT shall recover all cost incurred in performing these services, with billings quarterly or annually. Bills will be based on actual cost or an appropriate allocation methodology. White Eagle incurred administrative service expenses of approximately $0 during the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with $2.8 million and $2.4 million during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, amounts for 2018 were eliminated in consolidation. Amounts due from White Eagle resulting from the administrative services during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 were contributed on August 16, 2019 consisted with the Master Termination Agreement.
Promissory Notes Receivable
Effective May 16, 2014, Lamington entered into a 10 year, $59.3 million unsecured Promissory Note ("the 8.5% Promissory Note") with its parent company, Markley Asset Portfolio, LLC ("Markley"). The amount was used by Lamington as
22
the partial purchase price of Markley’s interest in White Eagle. The annual interest rate on the Promissory Note is 8.5% and is due to be paid at the end of each calendar year; provided that any interest accrued at the end of a calendar year which is not paid within seven business days thereafter shall be capitalized and increased to the outstanding principal balance. As of August 31, 2019 the outstanding principal balance was $86.5 million, which includes $27.2 million in capitalized interest. Total interest expense related to the 8.5% Promissory Note was $0 and $1.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with $0 and $5.1 million during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The entire remaining principal balance of the 8.5% Promissory Note shall be due and payable, together with all accrued but unpaid interest, on May 16, 2024. No principal payments are due prior to the maturity date.
Effective July 28, 2017, Lamington issued an unsecured Promissory Note to Markley, in a principal amount of $57.0 million. The amount represents distributions of earnings from Lamington's share of profits of White Eagle, to satisfy Profit Participating Notes issued by Markley to Lamington (the "Special Dividend Note").The Special Dividend Note matures on July 28, 2027 and bears interest at an annual rate of 5.0% provided that any interest accrued at the end of a calendar year which is not paid within seven business days thereafter shall be capitalized and increased to the outstanding principal balance. As of August 31, 2019 the outstanding principal balance was $59.9 million, which includes $2.9 million in capitalized interest. Total interest expense related to the Special Dividend Note was $0 and $737,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with $0 and $1.5 million during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The entire remaining principal balance of the Special Dividend Note shall be due and payable, together with all accrued but unpaid interest, on July 28, 2027. No principal payments are due prior to the maturity date. Approximately $570,000 was paid as interest for the nine months ended August 31, 2018. There was no payment for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 up to the deconsolidated period. Approximately $10.9 million was paid after the deemed discharge of the Chapter 11 Case and have been eliminated in consolidation at August 31, 2019.
At August 16, 2019, the notes were fair valued in accordance with ASC 820, with a fair value of approximately $146.3 million, resulting in a change in fair value of approximately $89.7 million for the period up to August 16, 2019, which is included in change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The notes are now being eliminated in consolidation effective August 17, 2019. At August 31, 2019 and 2018, the combined face value of the notes was $146.4 million and $137.8 million, respectively.
23
(6) Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
The Company evaluates its interests in variable interest entities ("VIEs") on an ongoing basis and consolidates those VIEs in which it has a controlling financial interest and is thus deemed to be the primary beneficiary. A controlling financial interest has both of the following characteristics: (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance; and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to it or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could be potentially significant to the VIE.
The following table presents the consolidated assets and consolidated liabilities of VIEs for which the Company has concluded that it is the primary beneficiary and which are consolidated in the Company’s financial statements as of August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018, as well as non-consolidated VIEs for which the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary (in thousands):
Not Primary Beneficiary | Not Primary Beneficiary | |||||||||||||||
Non-consolidated VIE | Non-consolidated VIE- White Eagle | |||||||||||||||
Total Assets | Maximum Exposure To Loss | Total Assets | Maximum Exposure To Loss | |||||||||||||
August 31, 2019 | $ | 2,384 | $ | 2,384 | $ | 132,334 | $ | 132,334 | ||||||||
November 30, 2018 | $ | 2,384 | $ | 2,384 | $ | — | $ | — |
Imperial Settlements Financing 2010, LLC ("ISF 2010"), which was formed as an affiliate of the Company to serve as a special purpose financing entity to allow the Company to sell structured settlements and assignable annuities, is a non-consolidated special purpose financing entity, as well as a non-consolidated VIE for which the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary. Approximately $2.4 million is included in investment in affiliates in the accompanying balance sheet as of each of August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018.
In connection with the WE Investment, the Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" evidenced by the Class D limited partnership interests, to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interests. The A&R LPA provides generally that the Class A and Class B Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership. The limited partnership is a non-consolidated VIE for which the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary. The Company accounts for its equity investment at fair value with changes in fair included in current earnings.
(7) Earnings Per Share
As of August 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 158,659,803 and 159,028,458 shares of common stock issued, respectively, and 158,051,803 and 158,420,458 shares of common stock outstanding, respectively. Outstanding shares as of August 31, 2019 and 2018 have been adjusted to reflect 608,000 treasury shares.
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing the net earnings attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued. Conversion or exercise of the potential common shares is not reflected in diluted earnings per share unless the effect is dilutive. The dilutive effect, if any, of outstanding common share equivalents is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method, and if-converted method as applicable.
24
The following table reconciles actual basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands except per share data).
For the Three Months Ended August 31, | For the Nine Months Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||||
2019(1) | 2018(2) | 2019(3) | 2018(4) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||
Numerator: | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 80,201 | $ | (2,293 | ) | $ | 16,875 | $ | (4,338 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | 70 | (17 | ) | 36 | (14 | ) | |||||||||
Numerator for basic EPS - net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | 80,271 | $ | (2,310 | ) | $ | 16,911 | $ | (4,352 | ) | |||||
Add back convertible notes interest | 1,095 | — | 3,270 | — | |||||||||||
Numerator for diluted earnings per share - net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | 81,296 | $ | (2,293 | ) | $ | 20,145 | $ | (4,338 | ) | |||||
Basic income (loss) per common share: | |||||||||||||||
Basic income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.51 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Basic income (loss) from discontinued operations | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Basic income (loss) per share available to common shareholders | $ | 0.51 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.11 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Diluted income (loss) per common share: | |||||||||||||||
Diluted income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.41 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.10 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Diluted income (loss) from discontinued operations | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Diluted income (loss) per share available to common shareholders | $ | 0.41 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.10 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Denominator: | |||||||||||||||
Basic | 156,968,470 | 158,305,635 | 156,949,425 | 157,919,215 | |||||||||||
Diluted | 195,979,957 | 158,305,635 | 194,867,908 | 157,919,215 |
(1) | The computation of diluted EPS does not include 85,000 shares of common stock underlying options, 100,000 shares of stock appreciation rights and 2,000,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants, as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. |
(2) | The computation of diluted EPS does not include 2,550,000 shares of restricted stock, 85,000 shares of common stock underlying options,100,000 shares of stock appreciation rights, 44,500,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants, and up to 37,918,483 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the 5% Convertible Notes (as defined below) and up to 181,249 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of the 8.5% Convertible Notes (as defined below), as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. |
(3) | The computation of diluted EPS does not include 85,000 shares of common stock underlying options, 100,000 shares of stock appreciation rights, 1,083,333 shares of restricted stock and 44,500,000shares of common stock underlying warrants, as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. |
(4) | The computation of diluted EPS does not include 2,550,000 shares of restricted stock, 85,000 shares of common stock underlying options, 100,000 shares of stock appreciation rights, 44,500,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants, up to 37,918,483 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the 5% Convertible Notes (as defined below) and up to 181,249 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of the 8.5% Convertible Notes (as defined below), as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. |
(8) Stock-based Compensation
On June 27, 2017, the shareholders of the Company voted to amend, and the Company amended, the Amended and Restated 2010 Omnibus Incentive Plan (as amended, the "Omnibus Plan") to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance thereunder by 9,900,000 shares. Awards under the Omnibus Plan may consist of incentive awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, performance units, and shares of common stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units or other stock-based awards as determined by the compensation committee of the Company's board of directors. The Omnibus
25
Plan has an aggregate of 12,600,000 shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder, subject to adjustment as provided therein.
Options
As of November 30, 2018, all options to purchase shares of common stock issued by the Company were fully vested with 85,000 exercisable. There was no stock-based compensation expense relating to stock options granted under the Omnibus Plan during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
As of August 31, 2019, options to purchase 85,000 shares of common stock were outstanding under the Omnibus Plan at a weighted average exercise price of $6.94 per share. The options were issued on June 6, 2013 and expire seven years after the date of grant which will be June 6, 2020. The following table presents the activity of the Company’s outstanding stock options to purchase common stock for the nine months ended August 31, 2019:
Common Stock Options | Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | ||||||||||
Outstanding Balance, December 1, 2018 | 85,000 | $ | 6.94 | 1.50 | $ | — | ||||||||
Options granted | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Options exercised | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Options forfeited | — | $ | — | — | ||||||||||
Options expired | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Options outstanding, August 31, 2019 | 85,000 | $ | 6.94 | 0.75 | $ | — | ||||||||
Exercisable at August 31, 2019 | 85,000 | $ | 6.94 | 0.75 | ||||||||||
Unvested at August 31, 2019 | — | — | — | $ | — |
As of August 31, 2019, all outstanding stock options had an exercise price above the fair market value of the common stock on that date. There are no remaining unamortized amounts to be recognized on these options.
Restricted Stock
The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense of approximately $95,000 and $207,000 relating to restricted stock granted to the board and certain employees during the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $290,000 and $380,000 during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company granted 200,000 shares of restricted stock units to certain employees under the Omnibus Plan, which were subject to a two year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately $674,000 based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the day prior to the grant date. Approximately 46,000 and 60,000 shares of restricted stock were vested and forfeited, respectively, since issuance and 74,000 and 20,000 were vested and forfeited, respectively, during the eleven months ended November 30, 2018 with 0 unvested at August 31, 2019. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense of approximately $0 and $10,000 related to these 200,000 shares of restricted stock during the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively, and income of $0 and $25,000 during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company granted 51,132 shares of restricted stock to its directors under the Omnibus Plan, which were subject to a one year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately $17,000 based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the date prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense related to these 51,132 shares of restricted stock of approximately $0 during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018. Approximately 42,610 shares of restricted stock vested during the year ended December 31, 2017, with 8,522 vested during the eleven months November 30, 2018.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company granted 2,000,000 shares of restricted stock units to certain employees under the Omnibus Plan, which are subject to a two year vesting period that commenced on the date of grant. The
26
fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately $745,000 based on the closing price of the Company's shares on the day prior to the grant date. Approximately 750,000 shares of restricted stock vested during the eleven months ended November 30, 2018 and 250,000 during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 with 1,000,000 unvested at August 31, 2019. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense of approximately $89,000 and $101,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with $271,000 and $305,000 during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to these 2,000,000 shares of restricted stock.
During the eleven months ended November 30, 2018, the Company granted 150,000 shares of restricted stock units to certain employees under the Omnibus Plan, with 100,000 shares and 50,000 subject to a two and three year vesting period, respectively, that commenced on the date of grant. The fair value of the unvested restricted stock was valued at approximately $58,000 based on the closing price of the Company's shares on the day prior to the grant date. Approximately 66,667 shares of restricted stock vested during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 with 83,333 unvested at August 31, 2019. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense of approximately $6,000 and $6,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with $19,000 and $11,000 during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to these 150,000 shares of restricted stock.
During the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2018, the Company established an ad hoc Capital Structure Committee (the "Committee") consisting of members of the board of directors, to undertake a review of the Company's capital structure. As compensation to the sole non-employee member of the Committee, the Company granted 400,000 restricted stock units under the Omnibus Plan, which will vest on the later of (i) September 30, 2018 and (ii) termination of the director's service on the Committee. The fair value of the restricted stock was valued at approximately $128,000 based on the closing price of the Company’s shares on the date prior to the grant date. The Company incurred stock-based compensation expense related to these 400,000 restricted stock units of approximately $81,000 and $81,000 during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2018 and 2018. The 400,000 restricted stock units vested during the eleven months November 30, 2018.
The following table presents the activity of the Company’s unvested shares of restricted stock for the nine months ended August 31, 2019:
Common Unvested Shares | Number of Shares | |
Outstanding Balance, December 1, 2018 | 1,400,000 | |
Granted | — | |
Vested | (316,667 | ) |
Forfeited | — | |
Outstanding August 31, 2019 | 1,083,333 |
The aggregate intrinsic value of the awards of 83,333 and 1,000,000 shares is $20,000 and $240,000, respectively, and the remaining weighted average life of these awards is 0.87 years and 0.21 years respectively as of August 31, 2019. As of August 31, 2019, a total of $110,000 in stock based compensation remained unrecognized.
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
During the eleven months November 30, 2018, the Company issued 100,000 SARs to the sole non-employee member of the ad hoc Capital Structure Committee of the Board, which will expire 10 years after the date the SARs were granted. The SARs will vest on the later of (i) September 30, 2018 and (ii) termination of the director's service on the Committee and had a fair value of $9,000 on the grant date. Each SAR entitles the holder to receive, upon exercise, an amount equal to the excess of (a) the fair market value per share of stock on the exercise date, over (b) the exercise price, which is $1.00, being not less than the fair market value per share of stock on the grant date. Upon exercise of the SARs, the stock appreciation amount shall be paid, as determined solely at the discretion of the Company, in (a) whole shares, (b) cash, or (c) a combination of both cash and shares. The 100,000 SARs vested during the eleven months November 30, 2018 and remain unexercised at August 31, 2019.
(9) Discontinued Operations
On October 25, 2013, the Company sold substantially all of the operating assets comprising its structured settlement business to Majestic Opco LLC pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement. No structured settlement receivables were sold and no on-balance sheet liabilities were transferred in connection with the sale. On August 18, 2015, the Company sold its remaining structured settlement receivables asset to the buyer of its operating assets.
27
As a result of the sale of its structured settlements business, the Company reclassified its structured settlement business operating results as discontinued operations in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented.
Operating results related to the Company’s discontinued structured settlement business are as follows:
Three Months Ended August 31, | Nine Months Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||
Total income | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 17 | |||||||
Total expenses | (70 | ) | 18 | (36 | ) | 32 | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 70 | (18 | ) | 36 | (15 | ) | |||||||||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes | $ | 70 | $ | (18 | ) | $ | 36 | $ | (15 | ) |
(10) Life Settlements (Life Insurance Policies)
The Company accounts for policies it acquires using the fair value method in accordance with ASC 325-30-50 Investments-Other-Investment in Insurance Contracts. Under the fair value method, the Company recognizes the initial investment at the purchase price. For policies that were relinquished in satisfaction of premium finance loans at maturity, the initial investment is the loan carrying value. For policies purchased in the secondary or tertiary markets, the initial investment is the amount of cash outlay at the time of purchase. At each reporting period, the Company re-measures the investment at fair value in its entirety and recognizes changes in the consolidated statements of operations in the periods in which the changes occur.
Emergent Capital, through its subsidiaries, owns two life insurance policies, also referred to as life settlements, with a fair value of $1.3 million and an aggregate death benefit of approximately $12.0 million at August 31, 2019. Additionally, through a subsidiary, the Company owns a 27.5% equity investment, having an estimated fair value of approximately $132.3 million at August 31, 2019, in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP ("White Eagle"), which was previously a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that holds a portfolio of life settlements. The Company primarily earns income through change in fair value and death benefits from these two polices and change in fair value and distributions from its equity investment in White Eagle.
As of November 30, 2018, the Company through its consolidated and deconsolidated subsidiary companies owned 588 policies, with an aggregate estimated fair value of life settlements of $506.4 million. See Note 4, "Deconsolidation of Subsidiaries" and Note 5, "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements for Entities in Bankruptcy," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
The following describes the Company’s life settlements as of August 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):
Policies Pledged Under White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and Deconsolidated
On August 16, 2019 the Company and its subsidiaries entered into a Subscription Agreement where White Eagle sold 72.5% of its limited partnership interests for a purchase price of approximately $366.2 million and recognized a gain on disposal of approximately $21.3 million. The proceeds were used to satisfy all outstanding indebtedness held by the White Eagle’s Revolving Credit Facility thus terminating the credit facility and releasing the related pledge to the lender of the life settlements owned by White Eagle. The Company now owns a 27.5% equity investment in White Eagle.
As of August 31, 2019, there were no policies pledged under the White Eagle Credit Facility due to its termination.
The weighted average life expectancy calculated based on death benefit of insureds in the policies owned by the White Eagle at November 30, 2018 was 8.9 years.
28
Remaining Life Expectancy (In Years)* | Number of Life Settlement Contracts | Fair Value | Face Value | |||||||
0-1 | 6 | $ | 24,221 | $ | 28,796 | |||||
1-2 | 12 | 30,828 | 46,390 | |||||||
2-3 | 31 | 72,343 | 126,402 | |||||||
3-4 | 37 | 57,874 | 139,447 | |||||||
4-5 | 46 | 77,719 | 217,450 | |||||||
Thereafter | 454 | 242,251 | 2,217,430 | |||||||
Total | 586 | $ | 505,236 | $ | 2,775,915 |
*Based on remaining life expectancy at November 30, 2018, as derived from reports of third party life expectancy providers, and does not indicate the timing of expected death benefits. See "Life Settlements," in Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
During the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company experienced maturities of 6 and 3 life insurance policies, respectively, with face amounts totaling $31.8 million and $14.3 million, respectively, resulting in a net gain of approximately $20.0 million and $7.1 million, respectively.
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company experienced maturities of 18 and 15 life insurance policies, respectively, with face amounts totaling $100.4 million and $68.2 million, respectively, resulting in a net gain of approximately $70.3 million and $35.1 million, respectively.
The below is an analysis of policy maturities for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018.
Three Months Ended August 31, | Nine Months Ended August 31, | ||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||
Face value | $ | 31,768 | $ | 14,250 | $ | 100,374 | $ | 68,185 | |||||||
Cost* | 8,911 | 7,664 | 27,723 | 22,755 | |||||||||||
Accumulated Change in Fair Value* | 2,858 | (528 | ) | 2,351 | 10,316 | ||||||||||
Carrying Value | 11,769 | 7,136 | 30,074 | 33,071 | |||||||||||
Gain on Maturities | $ | 19,999 | $ | 7,114 | $ | 70,300 | $ | 35,114 | |||||||
Number of Policies | 6 | 3 | 18 | 15 |
* Cost includes purchase price and premiums paid into the policy to date of maturity. Accumulated change in fair value is impacted by changes in discount rate, updated life expectancy estimates on the life insurance policy and cost of insurance increase.
Policies Not Pledged
The weighted average life expectancy calculated based on death benefit of insureds in the policies owned by the Company at August 31, 2019 was 11.6 years.
29
Remaining Life Expectancy (In Years) | Number of Life Settlement Contracts | Fair Value | Face Value | |||||||
0-1 | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
1-2 | — | — | — | |||||||
2-3 | — | — | — | |||||||
3-4 | — | — | — | |||||||
4-5 | — | — | — | |||||||
Thereafter | 2 | 1,254 | 12,000 | |||||||
Total | 2 | $ | 1,254 | $ | 12,000 |
The weighted average life expectancy calculated based on death benefit of insureds in the policies owned by the Company at November 30, 2018 was 12.2 years.
Remaining Life Expectancy (In Years)* | Number of Life Settlement Contracts | Fair Value | Face Value | ||||||||
0-1 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||
1-2 | — | — | — | ||||||||
2-3 | — | — | — | ||||||||
3-4 | — | — | — | ||||||||
4-5 | — | — | — | ||||||||
Thereafter | 2 | 1,172 | 12,000 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 2 | $ | 1,172 | $ | 12,000 |
Estimated premiums to be paid for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter to keep the life insurance policies in force as of August 31, 2019, are as follows (in thousands):
Remainder of 2019 | $ | 45 | |
2020 | 191 | ||
2021 | 222 | ||
2022 | 254 | ||
2023 | 286 | ||
Thereafter | 4,989 | ||
$ | 5,987 |
The amount of $6.0 million noted above represents the estimated total future premium payments required to keep the life insurance policies in force during the life expectancies of all the underlying insured lives and does not give effect to projected receipt of death benefits. The estimated total future premium payments could increase or decrease significantly to the extent that insurance carriers increase the cost of insurance on their issued policies or that actual mortalities of insureds differs from the estimated life expectancies.
30
(11) Investment in Limited Partnership
Subscription Agreement
On August 16, 2019 (the "Effective Date"), the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") with Lamington ("Class B Limited Partner"), White Eagle, WEGP ("Withdrawing General Partner"), and Palomino JV, L.P. ("Palomino" or "Class A Limited Partner"), in connection with the commitment letter signed on June 22, 2019 with Jade Mountain Partners, LLC ("Jade Mountain" ), pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain (the "Manager") all of its general partnership interests (collectively, the "WE Investment"). Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests.
The proceeds of the WE Investment and certain funds then held in accounts of White Eagle were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and (ii) the DIP Financing, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to the Master Termination Agreement. The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization.
The WE Investment was consummated, and the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid off in full and terminated, on August 16, 2019. The payoff totaled $402.5 million, which included payment directly to CLMG by Palomino of $374.2 million and payment to CLMG by White Eagle of $28.3 million, collectively sufficient to repay, under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the outstanding principal of $368.0 million, accrued and unpaid interest of $21.3 million plus, under the Plan of Reorganization, an early payment amount due to LNV of $7.4 million and lender allowed claims of $5.8 million. Of the $374.2 million purchase price, $8.0 million was allocated to the Class D interests which amount is to be repaid in accordance with the distribution terms of the A&R LPA.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington also entered into (i) the Pledge Agreement pursuant to which it pledged the 27.5% limited partnership interests of White Eagle owned by it to Palomino and certain other secured parties in support of the payment and indemnification obligations described above, and (ii) the Assumption Agreement pursuant to which Lamington assumed all liabilities and obligations of White Eagle and WEGP as of the closing date of the Transactions, and Lamington, the Company and WEGP agreed to terminate, waive and release any intercompany debt, obligations and liabilities of White Eagle to Lamington, the Company and WEGP. On August 16, 2019, Emergent entered into the Indemnification Agreement pursuant to which it indemnified Wilmington Trust, National Association against claims and liabilities that may arise in relation to policies that have matured prior to the Closing Date but as to which Wilmington Trust, National Association has historically held title as securities intermediary.
Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle
In connection with the WE Investment, the Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" evidenced by the Class D limited partnership interests, to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interests. The A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and Class B Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately $8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and $4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years, provided that commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilized to repay the Class D Return of $8.0 million, which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of $2.0 million or 11% per annum on such $8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such Class D Return. The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distribution as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility) and to any indemnification payments, if any, due to such holders and related indemnified persons pursuant to the indemnities afforded them in and in relation to the A&R LPA, Subscription Agreement, Master Termination Agreement and related documents. As of the closing of
31
the WE Investment, Lamington Road Bermuda, LTD resigned as manager of the portfolio and was replaced by an affiliate of Jade Mountain.
On August 16, 2019, White Eagle , Palomino JV GP Limited, ("the General Partner") and the Manager entered into the Management Agreement, setting forth the terms and conditions pursuant to which the General Partner has delegated certain of its management rights and obligations under the A&R LPA to the Manager.
Advance Facility. The facility under which the Class A Limited Partner or its Affiliates from time to time advance to the Class B Limited Partner (or, as a matter of convenience only, provides the proceeds of any such advance directly to the Partnership on behalf of the Class B Limited Partner, provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, any such advance distributed directly to the Partnership shall not be deemed to be an incurrence of an obligation of the Partnership for the repayment thereof) the portion of the premium/expense reserve account owed by the Class B Limited Partner under the Agreement. Essentially, this is the aggregate amount owed by the Class B Limited Partner to the Class A Limited Partner thereunder as a result of such advances.
Class A Minimum Return Cumulative Amount. An amount equal to 11% per annum, compounded quarterly and accruing from the Effective Date, on the sum of (i) 100% of the initial contribution by the Class A Limited Partner on its own behalf to the premium/expense reserve account, accruing from the Effective Date until repaid (as reduced by any repayment thereof) (but for the avoidance of doubt excluding any advances made by the Class A Limited Partner under the Advance Facility), (ii) 100% of the amounts funded into the premium/expense reserve account by the Class A Limited Partner on its own behalf after the Effective Date (as reduced by any repayment thereof), accruing from the date of funding until repaid (but for the avoidance of doubt excluding any advances made by the Class A Limited Partner under the Advance Facility), and (iii) the Purchase Price of $374.2 million (as reduced by any portion thereof repaid by the Class B Interest Monthly Distribution, as defined below, (v) that reflects amortization of principal, all sale proceeds received by the Class A Limited Partner and any reductions thereof as contemplated by the permitted disposition of policies, (plus (x) the amount necessary to reduce the principal balance to the targeted principal balance hereto for such Distribution Date, plus (y) later contributions by the Class A Limited Partner (excluding any advances made by the Class A Limited Partner under the Advance Facility but, for the avoidance of doubt, including amounts funded into the premium/expense reserve account by the Class A Limited Partner on its own behalf), plus (z) the Class D Return.
Class A True Up Payment. As of the applicable Distribution Date, (i) the excess (if positive) of (x) 72.5% of the total return distributions over (y) the sum of cumulative amounts actually received by the Class A Limited Partner prior to such Distribution Date on account of clauses (w), (x) and (y) of the Class A Minimum Return Cumulative Amount, any Class A true up payments and amounts paid to the Class A Limited Partner pursuant plus (ii) the amount necessary such that the Class A Limited Partner shall have received 72.5% of total return distributions after giving effect to the amounts to be paid to the Class A Limited Partner on such Distribution Date.
Class B True Up Payment. As of the applicable Distribution Date, (i) the excess (if positive) of (x) 27.5% of the Total Return Distributions over (y) the sum of cumulative amounts actually received by the Class B Limited Partners prior to such Distribution Date on account of the Minimum Class B Interest Monthly Distributions, the Class B True Up Payments and amounts paid to the Class B Limited Partners pursuant to Section 3.2(b)(v) (plus the cumulative amounts that were paid to the Class A Limited Partner in repayment of the Advance Facility, to the Class D Limited Partner on account of the Class D Return, or to the Purchaser Indemnified Parties to satisfy (in whole or in part) the indemnity obligations of Parent, Lamington Road or the Class B Limited Partner) plus (ii) the amount necessary such that the Class B Limited Partners shall have received 27.5% of Total Return Distributions after giving effect to the amounts to be paid to the Class B Limited Partner on account of the Minimum Class B Interest Monthly Distributions and amounts paid to the Class B Limited Partners on such Distribution Date in the priority of payments after payment of any Class A True Up Payments and Class B True Up Payments (plus the cumulative amounts that would have been distributed to the Class B Limited Partners but that were paid to the Class A Limited Partner in repayment of the Advance Facility, to the Class D Limited Partner on account of the Class D Return, or to the Purchaser Indemnified Parties to satisfy (in whole or in part) the indemnity obligations of Parent, Lamington Road or the Class B Limited Partner).
Class D Return. The aggregate repayment amount of approximately $8.0 million ( as described above) owed by the Class B Limited Partner to the Class D Limited Partner, payable in accordance with the terms herein, which shall equal the greater of (x) 125% of the Class D Payment Amount, and (y) the Class D Payment Amount plus the total amount of unpaid interest accruing on the Class D Payment Amount at a rate equal to 11% per annum compounded quarterly from the Effective Date through the date on which the Class D payment amount and all accrued and unpaid interest is repaid in full.
32
Distribution Date. The 5th Business Day of each month.
Minimum Class B Interest Monthly Distribution. The monthly amount equal to (i) for each month commencing prior to the third anniversary of the Effective Date, the greater of $667,000 and 1/12th of 1.50% of the Net Asset Value as determined by the most recent valuation report obtained on or prior to such Distribution Date and (ii) for each month commencing on or after the third anniversary of the Effective Date and prior to the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date, the greater of $333,000 and 1/12th of 0.75% of the net asset value as determined by the most recent valuation report obtained on or prior to such Distribution Date.
Expense. On August 16, 2019, the Class A Limited Partner contributed $21.8 million to the premium/expense reserve account in satisfaction of its obligations to fund the premium/expense reserve account as of the Effective Date, and (ii) advanced under the Advance Facility $8.3 million by deposit into the premium/expense reserve account on behalf of the Class B Limited Partner, in satisfaction of the Class B Limited Partner’s obligations to fund the premium/reserve fund as of the Effective Date. This $8.3 million is to be repaid through the waterfall distribution from amounts to be distributed to the Company. Total initial premium/expense reserve was approximately $30.0 million on August 16, 2019.
If at any time prior to a Distribution Date, the amount in the premium/expense reserve account is less than an amount sufficient to cover the next month of premiums and expenses, as set forth in the budget or as otherwise determined by the General Partner based upon advice of the Manager, the Class A Limited Partner will (i) contribute its percentage interest of 72.5%, and (ii) make advances under the Advance Facility of the Class B Limited Partner’s percentage interest of 27.5% , the aggregate amount of additional capital needed to increase the balance of the premium/expense reserve account to an amount sufficient to cover the next three months of premiums and expenses, as set forth in the budget.
All advances made by the Class A Limited Partner under the Advance Facility, whether prior to, on or after the Effective Date, shall accrue interest at the rate of 11% per annum, compounded quarterly, until repaid, and all such amounts (including any accrued but unpaid interest) shall be secured by the Class B Partnership Units pursuant to the Pledge Agreement. After the Effective Date, the General Partner will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain financing proposals for premiums and expenses on terms more favorable to the Class B Limited Partner than the Advance Facility, if and to the extent available, and in the event such financing is obtained, the Class A Limited Partner shall no longer have any obligation to fund advances under the Advance Facility.
Funds in the premium/expense reserve account shall be used or otherwise distributed in the following order of priority:
Premium/Expense Reserve Account | Three Months Ended August 31, 2019 | Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019 | ||||||||
Amount | Use of Proceeds | |||||||||
First | $ | 8,210 | $ | 8,210 | Premiums, Expenses and Manager Fees | |||||
Second | — | — | Minimum Class B Interest Monthly Distribution - after three years, Class D Returns takes priority until paid in full | |||||||
Third | — | — | Minimum Class B Interest Monthly Distribution | |||||||
Fourth | — | — | Retained For Premium/Expense to Cover Three Months of Transactions, excess to be sent to the Collection Account | |||||||
$ | 8,210 | $ | 8,210 |
During the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019, approximately $8.2 million was distributed from the premium/expense reserve with the balance of approximately $21.8 million remaining in the account at August 31, 2019.
Approximately $333,000 was due for distribution to the Company to cover the period from August 17, 2019 to August 31, 2019 and the amount was received subsequent to the quarter end.
Distribution. The General Partner has established a separate bank account on behalf of, and in the name of, the Partnership to hold, and shall direct all death benefits and other cash received by the Partnership (other than capital contributions, proceeds of the Advance Facility, and death benefits from matured policies which shall be distributed in accordance with Section 2.02(b) of the Subscription Agreement) into such account (the "Collections Account").
33
On each Distribution Date, funds on deposit in the Collections Account shall be distributed by the Paying Agent ("Wilmington Trust, N.A") pursuant to the Waterfall Notice in the following order of priority:
Collection Account | Three Months Ended August 31, 2019 | Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019 | ||||||||
Priority | Amount | Use of Proceeds | ||||||||
First | $ | — | $ | — | Premium/Expense Reserve Account - to cover next three months of premiums and expense | |||||
Second | — | — | Class A Minimum Return Cumulative Amount* | |||||||
Third | — | — | Minimum Class B Interest Monthly Distribution | |||||||
Fourth | — | — | Re-balancing the Total Return Distributions with 72.5% to the Class A Limited Partner and 27.5% to Class B Limited Partner | |||||||
Fifth | — | — | 72.5% to the Class A Limited Partner and 27.5% to the Class B Limited Partner | |||||||
$ | — | $ | — |
*To pay the Class A Limited Partner the amount necessary such that the Class A Limited Partner shall have received the Class A Minimum Return Cumulative Amount (applied first which is 11%), second to the amounts necessary to reduce the principal balance from $406.0 million on the Effective Date to April 2039 when it is expected to be paid in full (the A&R LPA stipulate the expected monthly reduction in target principal commencing in April 2021), third to later contributions by the Class A Limited Partner, excluding Advance Facility but includes funded into premium/expense account on its own behalf and fourth the Class D Return, in each case of the definition of Class A Minimum Return Cumulative Amount as of the last day of the month immediately prior to such Distribution Date.
There was no distribution from the Collection Account for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington's capital contribution to White Eagle was an estimated fair value of approximately $138.9 million. The Company performed a valuation at August 31, 2019 resulting in a value of approximately $132.3 million. See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurement", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
(12) White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
Effective April 29, 2013, White Eagle entered into a 15-year revolving credit agreement with LNV Corporation, as initial lender, Imperial Finance & Trading, LLC, as servicer and portfolio manager and CLMG Corp., as administrative agent. Proceeds from the initial advance under the facility were used, in part, to retire a bridge facility and to fund a payment to the lender protection insurance provider to release subrogation rights in certain of the policies pledged as collateral for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. On May 16, 2014, White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LLC converted from a Delaware limited liability company to White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the "Conversion") and all of its ownership interests were transferred to an indirect, wholly-owned Irish subsidiary of the Company. In connection with the Conversion, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was amended and restated among White Eagle, as borrower, Imperial Finance and Trading, LLC, as the initial servicer, the initial portfolio manager and guarantor, Lamington Road Bermuda Ltd., as portfolio manager, LNV Corporation, as initial lender, the other financial institutions party thereto as lenders, and CLMG Corp., as administrative agent for the lenders. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was amended on November 9, 2015. As amended, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility may provide earlier participation in the portfolio cash flows if certain loan to value ("LTV") ratios are achieved. Additionally, the maximum facility limit was reduced from $300.0 million to $250.0 million, and the interest rate under the facility was increased by 50 basis points.
On December 29, 2016, White Eagle entered into a Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement ("White Eagle Second Amendment") and on January 31, 2017, as required by the terms of the White Eagle Second Amendment, White Eagle executed the Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated January 31, 2017, which consolidated into a single document the amendments evidenced by the White Eagle Amendment (as defined below) and all previous amendments.
34
As amended, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility adjusted the loan-to-value LTV ratios which directed cash flow participation and became subjected to achieving certain financial metrics, as more fully described below under "Amortization & Distributions." Pursuant to the White Eagle Second Amendment, 190 life settlement policies purchased from wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company were pledged as additional collateral under the facility for an additional policy advance of approximately $71.1 million. The maximum facility limit was increased to $370.0 million and the term of the facility was extended to December 31, 2031. Additional loan terms and amendment changes are more fully described in the sections that follow.
On October 4, 2017, White Eagle entered into an amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement. The amendment changed the provisions relating to how participation of the proceeds from the maturity of the policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are distributed pursuant to a waterfall. The amendment included an exclusion from the cash interest coverage ratio of at least 2.0:1 for the period of July 1, 2017 through July 28, 2017. As a result of the amendment, the Company was able to participate in the waterfall distribution scheduled during October 2017.
General and Security. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility provides for an asset-based revolving credit facility backed by White Eagle’s portfolio of life insurance policies with an aggregate lender commitment of up to $370.0 million, subject to borrowing base availability.
Borrowing Base. Borrowing availability under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base, which at any time is equal to the lesser of (A) the sum of all of the following amounts that have been funded or are to be funded through the next distribution date: (i) the initial advance and all additional advances to acquire additional pledged policies that are not for ongoing maintenance advances, plus (ii) 100% of the sum of the ongoing maintenance costs, plus (iii) 100% of fees and expense deposits and other fees and expenses funded and to be funded as approved by the required lenders, less (iv) any required payments of principal and interest previously distributed and to be distributed through the next distribution date; (B) 75% of the valuation of the policies pledged as collateral as determined by the lenders; (C) 50% of the aggregate face amount of the policies pledged as collateral (excluding certain specified life insurance policies); and (D) the then applicable facility limit.
Amortization and Distributions. Proceeds from the maturity of the policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are distributed pursuant to a waterfall. After distributions for premium payments, fees to service providers and payments of interest, a percentage of the collections from policy proceeds are to be paid to the Company, which will vary depending on the then LTV ratio as illustrated below where the valuation is determined by the lenders:
LTV | Premiums, Interest & Other Fees | Principal | Distribution to White Eagle - 55% | Lender Participation - 45% | ||||
N/A | 100% | —% | —% | —% | ||||
>65% | N/A | 100% | —% | —% | ||||
50-65% | N/A | 70% | 16.5% | 13.5% | ||||
35-50% | N/A | 55% | 24.8% | 20.3% | ||||
0-35% | N/A | 45% | 30.3% | 24.8% |
Provided that (i) if (a) the Company failed to maintain a cash interest coverage ratio of at least 2.0:1 at any time during the immediately preceding calendar quarter or (b) the Company fails to take steps to improve its solvency in a manner acceptable to the required lenders (as determined in their sole and absolute discretion), then the cash flow sweep percentage to the lenders shall equal one-hundred percent (100%) and (ii) if such distribution date occurs on or after December 29, 2025, then the cash flow sweep percentage shall equal one-hundred percent (100%).
The cash interest coverage ratio is the ratio of (i) consolidated cash and cash equivalents maintained by the Company to (ii) the aggregate interest amounts that will be due and payable in cash on (x) the $46.5 million 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due July 15, 2021 (and any notes issued by the Company or any of its Affiliates in connection with refinancing, replacing, substituting or any similar action with respect to any such notes), the $75.8 million 5% Convertible Notes due February 15, 2023 (and any notes issued by the Company or any of its Affiliates in connection with refinancing, replacing, substituting or any similar action with respect to any such notes), and the $1.2 million 8.5% Convertible Notes due February 15, 2019 (and any notes issued by the Company or any of its Affiliates in connection with refinancing, replacing, substituting or any similar action with respect to any such notes) and (y) any additional indebtedness issued by the Company after December 29, 2016, in each case, during the twelve month period following such date of determination. See Note 12, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible
35
Notes", Note 13, "5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes" and Note 14, "8.5% Senior Secured Notes", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
With respect to approximately 25% of the face amount of policies pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, White Eagle has agreed that if policy proceeds that are otherwise due are not paid by an insurance carrier, the foregoing distributions will be altered such that the lenders will receive any "catch-up" payments with respect to amounts that they would have received in the waterfall prior to distributions being made to White Eagle. During the continuance of events of default or unmatured events of default, the amounts from collections of policy proceeds that might otherwise be paid to White Eagle will instead be held in a designated account controlled by the lenders and may be applied to fund operating and third party expenses, interest and principal, "catch-up" payments or percentage payments that would go to the lenders as described above.
The below is a reconciliation of proceeds collected by the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and distributed from the collection account in accordance with the budget approved by the Bankruptcy court and the Revolving Credit Facility termination agreement (in thousands):
Collection account balance at December 1, 2018 | $ | 28,059 | |
Face value collected in current quarter | 60,163 | ||
Face value collected in prior quarters | 32,342 | ||
Other collections * | 2,575 | ||
$ | 123,139 | ||
Expenses paid from the collection account Post-Petition | |||
Premiums paid 2019 | $ | (65,905 | ) |
Interest expenses | (28,331 | ) | |
Payment toward principal | (1,804 | ) | |
White Eagle credit facility expenses | (9,304 | ) | |
Refund of premium payments advanced by parent | (3,000 | ) | |
Lender allowed claim-Beal | (5,839 | ) | |
Transfers of remaining funds to Lamington | (8,956 | ) | |
$ | (123,139 | ) | |
Collection account balance at August 16, 2019** | $ | — |
*Includes refund of premiums and interest earned on maturity proceeds
** Collection account was closed on August 16, 2019 in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
For the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2018, approximately $12.8 million and $44.2 million , respectively, of proceeds received from the maturity of policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, were distributed through the waterfall in the following stages of priority (in thousands):
36
Three Months Ended August 31, 2018 | Nine Months Ended August 31, 2018 | ||||||||
Clause | Amount | Use of Proceeds | |||||||
First: | $ | 84 | $ | 251 | Custodian and Securities Intermediary | ||||
Second: | — | — | White Eagle - Ongoing Maintenance Cost Reimbursable | ||||||
Third: | — | — | Administrative Agent - Protective Advances | ||||||
Fourth: | 26 | 43 | Administrative Agent - Administrative Agent Fee and Legal Expense Reimbursement | ||||||
Fifth: | 5,844 | 16,716 | Administrative Agent - Accrued and Unpaid Interest | ||||||
Sixth: | 6,854 | 26,397 | Administrative Agent - Required Amortization | ||||||
Seventh: | — | — | Administrative Agent - Amortization Shortfall | ||||||
Eighth: | — | 340 | Administrative Agent - Participation Interest | ||||||
Ninth: | — | — | Reserved - $0 | ||||||
Tenth: | — | — | Administrative Agent Aggregate Unpaid Participation Interest | ||||||
Eleventh: | — | — | Administrative Agent - Remaining Available Amount After Clause First to Tenth | ||||||
Twelfth: | — | — | Wilmington Trust - Custodian and Securities Intermediary - Unpaid Fees | ||||||
Thirteenth: | — | 416 | Borrower - Any Remaining Available Amount After Clause First to Twelfth | ||||||
Total Distributions | $ | 12,808 | $ | 44,163 |
Use of Proceeds. Generally, ongoing advances may be made for paying premiums on the life insurance policies pledged as collateral and to pay the fees of service providers. Effective with the amendment to the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility on November 9, 2015 (the "White Eagle Amendment"), ongoing advances may no longer be used to pay interest, which will now be paid by White Eagle if there is not otherwise sufficient amounts available from policy proceeds to be distributed to pay interest expense pursuant to the waterfall described above in "Amortization and Distributions." Subsequent advances and the use of proceeds from those advances are at the discretion of the lenders. During the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, advances for premium payments and fees to service providers amounted to (in thousands):
Three Months Ended August 31, | Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||
Amount drawn for premium payments | $ | — | $ | 22,668 | $ | 4,221 | $ | 67,580 | ||||||||
Amount drawn in fees to service providers | — | 629 | — | 1,910 | ||||||||||||
Total amount drawn | $ | — | $ | 23,297 | $ | 4,221 | $ | 69,490 |
Interest. Borrowings under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR or, if LIBOR is unavailable, the base rate, in each case plus an applicable margin of 4.50%, which was increased from 4.00% pursuant to the November 9, 2015 amendment, and subject to a rate floor component equal to the greater of LIBOR (or the applicable rate) and 1.5%. The base rate under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility equals the sum of (i) the weighted average of the interest rates on overnight federal funds transactions or, if unavailable, the average of three federal funds quotations received by the Agent plus 0.75% and (ii) 0.5%. Based on the loan agreement, the LIBOR portion of the interest rate will re-adjust annually, once the floor has exceeded 1.5%. The applicable rate will be dependent on the rate at the last business day of the preceding calendar year. On December 31, 2018, the LIBOR floor increased from 2.11% to 3.01%. The effective rate at August 15, 2019 and August 31, 2018 was 9.51% and 6.61%, respectively. In the event that an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the interest rate will be equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) (1) LIBOR or, if LIBOR is unavailable, (2) the Base Rate and (b) one and a half percent (1.5%) plus (ii) six and a half percent (6.5%).
Interest paid during the period is recorded in the Company’s consolidated and deconsolidated financial statements. Accrued interest is reflected as a component of the estimated fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility debt. Total interest expense on the facility during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018 paid from maturity proceeds or paid directly by White Eagle was as follows (in thousands):
37
Three Months Ended August 31, | Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||
Interest paid through waterfall | $ | — | $ | 5,844 | $ | — | $ | 16,716 | ||||||||
Participation interest paid through waterfall | — | — | — | 340 | ||||||||||||
Interest paid from collection account | 23,331 | — | 28,331 | — | ||||||||||||
Total interest expense | $ | 23,331 | $ | 5,844 | $ | 28,331 | $ | 17,056 |
Maturity. Effective with the White Eagle Second Amendment, the term of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility expires December 31, 2031, which is also the scheduled commitment termination date (though the lenders’ commitments to fund borrowings may terminate earlier in an event of default). The lenders’ interests in and rights to a portion of the proceeds of the policies does not terminate with the repayment of the principal borrowed and interest accrued thereon, the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility or expiration of the lenders’ commitments.
Covenants/Events of Defaults. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility contains covenants and events of default that are customary for asset-based credit agreements of this type, but also includes cross defaults under the servicing, account control, contribution and pledge agreements entered into in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (including in relation to breaches by third parties thereunder), certain changes in law, changes in control of or insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company and relevant subsidiary companies and performance of certain obligations by certain relevant subsidiary companies, White Eagle and third parties. Effective with the White Eagle Second Amendment, and as described above in "Amortization and Distributions", the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility contains a financial covenant requiring White Eagle to maintain a cash interest coverage ratio of at least 1.75:1 commencing after June 30, 2019. Failure to maintain this ratio for 60 consecutive days after June 30, 2019 constitutes an event of default. There is no cash interest coverage ratio requirement that would result in an event of default prior to this date; however, any failure to maintain a cash interest coverage ratio of at least 2.0:1 does impact the cash flow sweep percentage for proceeds distributed through the waterfall.
Remedies. The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and ancillary transaction documents afford the lenders a high degree of discretion in their selection and implementation of remedies, including strict foreclosure, in relation to any event of default, including a high degree of discretion in determining whether to foreclose upon and liquidate all or any pledged policies, the interests in White Eagle, and the manner of any such liquidation. White Eagle has limited ability to cure events of default through the sale of policies or the procurement of replacement financing.
The Company elected to account for the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, ("ASC 820") which includes the 45% interest in policy proceeds to the lender, using the fair value method. The fair value of the debt is the amount the Company would have to pay to transfer the debt to a market participant in an orderly transaction. The Company calculated the fair value of the debt using a discounted cash flow model taking into account the stated interest rate of the credit facility and probabilistic cash flows from the pledged policies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the Company’s estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company, or holders of the instruments, could realize in a current market exchange. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. The use of different assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair values.
Voluntary Petitions for Relief Under Chapter 11
On the Petition Date, Lamington and WEGP filed the November Chapter 11 Cases in the Bankruptcy Court. Lamington was the limited partner and owned 99.99%, and WEGP was the general partner and owned 0.01%, of White Eagle. In its capacity as general partner, WEGP managed the affairs of White Eagle. The Lamington and WEGP filings are referred to as the "November Chapter 11 Cases."
The commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases constitutes an event of default under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in the principal and accrued interest due from White Eagle thereunder becoming immediately due and payable. Lamington and WEGP have pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Any efforts of CLMG to enforce such pledges by Lamington and WEGP of their respective interests in White Eagle in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are automatically stayed as a result of the commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases and LNV’s and CLMG’s rights of enforcement in respect of the White
38
Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are subject to the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. In addition, on November 15, 2018, White Eagle, LNV and CLMG entered into an Agreement Regarding Rights and Remedies (the "Standstill Agreement"), pursuant to which LNV and CLMG agreed to refrain from exercising their rights and remedies in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, subject to the terms and provisions of the Standstill Agreement, until 12:00 p.m. noon Pacific time on November 26, 2018, to facilitate negotiations. The effective period under the Standstill Agreement was extended several times, finally to December 13, 2018.
On December 13, 2018, White Eagle filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court. The Chapter 11 case is being administered under case number 18-12808 (the "White Eagle Chapter 11 Case" and, together with the November Chapter 11 Cases, the "Chapter 11 Cases").
The commencement of the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case would constitute a default and event of default under the terms of the Amended and Restated Senior Note Indenture relating to the Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture and the New Convertible Note Indenture. However, such defaults and events of default and their consequences were waived in advance of the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case by holders of all of the outstanding principal amount of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and by holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the outstanding New Convertible Notes, and consequently, the Company believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred under either the Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture or the New Convertible Note Indenture.
The commencement of the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, together with the related Chapter 11 Cases, constitutes an event of default under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in the principal and accrued interest due from White Eagle thereunder becoming immediately due and payable. Lamington and WEGP have pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Any efforts by LNV to enforce repayment by White Eagle and/or such pledges by Lamington and WEGP of their respective interests in White Eagle in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are automatically stayed as a result of the commencement of the Chapter 11 Cases and LNV’s and CLMG’s rights of enforcement in respect of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are subject to the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code.
Subsequent Event
On September 16, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case.
Deconsolidation and Subsequent Measurement of the Deconsolidated Entities
Lamington and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle, WEGP and Lamington Bermuda), financial results were excluded from the Company’s consolidated results for the period from November 14, 2018, the Petition Date, to August 16, 2019, the day the date the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was terminated. ASC 810, Consolidation require that an entity whose financial statements were previously consolidated with those of its parent that files for protection under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, whether solvent or insolvent, generally must be prospectively deconsolidated from the parent and presented as an equity investment (deconsolidation applies to Lamington and all subsidiaries owned, directly or indirectly, by Lamington, including WEGP, White Eagle and Lamington Bermuda which collectively are referred to herein as the ("Deconsolidated Entities" or the "Debtors"). Therefore, our 2019 results are not comparable with our 2018 results. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value each reporting period. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date. Effective August 17, 2019, the entities were deemed to have emerged from bankruptcy and were no longer deconsolidated. See Note 2, "Principles of Consolidation - Reorganization and Consolidation" to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Beal Litigation
On January 25, 2019, the Company, White Eagle, Lamington, and WEGP (collectively the "Plaintiffs" filed the Suit against LNV, Silver Point and GWG the "Defendants") in the Bankruptcy Court where the Suit will be administered together with the previously filed Chapter 11 Cases. LNV, a subsidiary of Beal, is the lender under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
In the Suit, the Plaintiffs allege that the Defendants engaged in a scheme to coerce the Plaintiffs into selling their valuable portfolio of life insurance policies to defendants for well below its true value. Pursuant to the White Eagle Revolving Credit
39
Facility, LNV agreed to lend $370 million to White Eagle, and in connection therewith received a 45% equity stake in White Eagle. That equity stake, and LNV’s significant control over White Eagle under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, creates a joint venture, and gives rise to fiduciary duties to White Eagle and Emergent, on the part of LNV. The Plaintiffs further allege that LNV has been engaged in a concerted campaign to "squeeze" White Eagle and Emergent by improperly restricting their cash flow, in the hopes that White Eagle and Emergent will have no choice but to sell the valuable policy portfolio to LNV or one of its proxies, including Silver Point and/or GWG, at below its true value.
In connection with the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case, on January 15, 2019, the Court authorized the Debtors to use the proceeds of pre-petition cash collateral for a period of twenty (20) weeks (the "Cash Collateral'), which allowance was extended in May 2019 for another nine (9) weeks. The Cash Collateral may be used solely for the purposes permitted under the budget approved by the Court, including (i) to provide working capital needs of the Debtors and general corporate purposes of the Debtors, (ii) to make the payments or fund amounts otherwise permitted in the final order that authorized such uses and such budget, (iii) to fund amounts necessary to pay certain fees; and (iv) to fund amounts necessary to pay certain professional fees in accordance with such Budget.
Global Settlement Agreement in Principle in Bankruptcies
On May 7, 2019, the Proposed Settlement, a global settlement in principle of the Chapter 11 Cases and the Suit, was announced on the record to, and filed with, the Bankruptcy Court jointly by the Debtors and Defendants. The Proposed Settlement would be effected together with the plan of reorganization, in accordance with the following schedule: (x) the Proposed Settlement and plan of reorganization, and other relevant documents, would be filed with the Bankruptcy Court by May 24, 2019, (y) the parties would use their best efforts to have the Proposed Settlement approved by the Bankruptcy Court by June 7, 2019, and (z) the parties would use their best efforts to have a confirmation hearing for approval of the plan of reorganization by the Bankruptcy Court held on or before June 21, 2019.
Pursuant to the Proposed Settlement, among other things:
• | White Eagle shall have up to and including September 17, 2019 to satisfy any and all obligations to LNV under the Credit Facility by paying LNV 102% of its outstanding principal plus accrued interest at the relevant default rate, accrued fees and costs, which aggregate amount would include the resolution of the 45% participation interest element of the Credit Facility which was part of the subject matter of the Suit; |
• | If White Eagle satisfies such obligations after September 17, 2019 and by December 30, 2019, the amount due on the outstanding principal would increase to 104%; |
• | In the event LNV has not received the payoff described above by September 17, 2019, the court-appointed liquidation trustee, together with investment banking assistance from Maple Life Financial, LLC, shall have full authority to sell White Eagle’s life insurance policy portfolio (which constitutes collateral under the Credit Facility) for the maximum amount achievable through an orderly sale process, taking into account that the transaction must be closed no later than December 30, 2019; in connection with this authority, the liquidation trustee and the investment banker may work prior to September 17, 2019 to prepare the portfolio for sale, but may not take actions to actually commence a sale including, but not limited to, marketing the portfolio or contacting potential buyers about the portfolio, prior to such date. |
• | If the portfolio is sold in whole or in part, LNV shall only have the right to step in to bid for such sale if, and to the extent, the total amounts generated through the sale thereof do not fully satisfy the payoff amount. |
• | If the sale of any portion of the Collateral has not closed or the proceeds of such sale(s) have not been received by CLMG by December 30, 2019, (i) if the Payoff Amount has not then been paid in cash in full, such Collateral shall be transferred on or before Noon Eastern on December 31, 2019 to CLMG (or its designee) in full satisfaction of the remaining unpaid portion of the amounts due to LNV. |
In addition, in order to provide sufficient cash flow to the Company during this period, and subject to negotiation of mutually-agreed upon terms and conditions, the Debtors shall have the right to use proceeds from the maturity of any portfolio policy and resolution of certain claims, and LNV will provide the Debtors a revolving $15.0 million of debtor-in-possession financing (which amount may be increased if found to be insufficient) through December 30, 2019 (the "DIP Financing").
40
Plan of Reorganization
On June 5, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Settlement Agreement memorializing the Proposed Settlement and the DIP Financing. The Plan of Reorganization for the Chapter 11 Cases, which implements the Settlement Agreement and the DIP Financing, was confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court on June 19, 2019.
On July 18, 2019, the Company entered into the Commitment Letter with Lamington, White Eagle and Jade Mountain in connection with the Plan of Reorganization. The Commitment Letter provided for a transaction in which Jade Mountain and/or certain of its affiliates and/or certain investors would acquire 72.5% of the equity interests of White Eagle in exchange for $384.3 million as may be adjusted in accordance with the final documentation. The Commitment Letter and its terms and the transactions contemplated thereby were approved by the Bankruptcy Court on July 22, 2019.
Repayment and Termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
On August 16, 2019, the Company entered into the Subscription Agreement, in connection with the Commitment Letter, pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain all of its general partnership interests for a purchase price of approximately $366.2 million and $8.0 million for the Class A and Class D interests, respectively. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests with a value of approximately $138.9 million on the closing date.
The proceeds of the WE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, and (ii) the DIP Financing extended by CLMG, as agent, and LNV, as lender, to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to a the Master Termination Agreement. The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization.
The WE Investment was consummated, and the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid off in full and terminated, on August 16, 2019. The payoff totaled $402.5 million, which included payment directly to CLMG by Palomino of $374.2 million and payment to CLMG by White Eagle of $28.3 million, collectively sufficient to repay, under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the outstanding principal of $368.0 million, accrued and unpaid interest of $21.3 million plus, under the Plan of Reorganization, an early payment amount due to LNV of $7.4 million which is included in the income statement as loss on extinguishment of debt and lender-allowed claims of $5.8 million.
(13) 8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
In February 2014, the Company issued $70.7 million in an aggregate principal amount of 8.50% senior unsecured convertible notes due 2019 (the "Convertible Notes" or "8.5% Convertible Notes"). The Convertible Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture dated February 21, 2014, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the "Convertible Note Indenture").
The Convertible Notes are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company's other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The Convertible Notes are effectively subordinate to all of the Company's secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets collateralizing such indebtedness. The Convertible Notes are not guaranteed by the Company's subsidiaries.
The maturity date of the Convertible Notes is February 15, 2019. The Convertible Notes accrue interest at the rate of 8.50% per annum on the principal amount of the Convertible Notes, payable semi-annually in arrears on August 15 and February 15 of each year.
The Convertible Notes are convertible into shares of common stock at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. Initially, the Convertible Notes were convertible into shares of common stock at a conversion rate of 147.9290 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to a conversion price of $6.76 per share of common stock). In the second quarter of 2015, the conversion rate was adjusted to 151.7912 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to a conversion price of $6.59 per share of common stock) in connection with an anti-dilution adjustment triggered by a rights offering that resulted in the issuance of 6,688,433 shares of the Company’s common stock.
41
On and after February 15, 2017 and prior to the maturity date, the Company may redeem for cash all, but not less than all, of the Convertible Notes if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds 130% of the applicable conversion price for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date the Company delivers notice of the redemption. The redemption price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, if a make-whole fundamental change occurs prior to maturity date, and a holder elects to convert its Convertible Notes in connection therewith, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares of common stock for holders who convert their notes prior to the redemption date.
The Company determined that an embedded conversion option existed in the Convertible Notes that was required to be separately accounted for as a derivative under ASC 815 which required the Company to bifurcate the embedded conversion option, record it as a liability at fair value and record a debt discount by an equal amount. Upon receipt of shareholder approval to issue shares of common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes in an amount that exceeded applicable New York Stock Exchange limits for issuances without shareholder approval, the Company reclassified the embedded conversion derivative liability to equity. The Convertible Notes are recorded at accreted value and will continue to be accreted up to the par value of the Convertible Notes at maturity.
On February 14, 2017, the Company solicited consents (the "Consent Solicitation") to issue additional 8.50% Convertible Notes (the "Additional Convertible Notes") in lieu of a cash payment of interest on February 15, 2017 (the "2017 Interest Payment Date") to holders of the Convertible Notes.
On March 14, 2017, the Company issued Additional Convertible Notes for an aggregate principal amount of $3.5 million following the Company’s receipt of the requisite consents of the holders of approximately 98% of the aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes (the "Consenting Holders"), pursuant to the Consent Solicitation, whereby each Consenting Holder agreed to accept Additional Convertible Notes in lieu of a cash payment of interest on the Convertible Notes due on the 2017 Interest Payment Date. All Additional Convertible Notes issued by the Company to Consenting Holders were issued under the Convertible Note Indenture and such Additional Convertible Notes have identical terms to the existing Convertible Notes. Interest on the Additional Convertible Notes accrued from February 15, 2017.
On March 15, 2017 and May 12, 2017, the Company entered into a series of separate Master Transaction Agreements (the "Master Transaction Agreements") by and among the Company, PJC Investments, LLC, a Texas limited liability company ("PJC") and each such Consenting Holder that is a party to such Master Transaction Agreement regarding a series of integrated transactions with the intent to effect a recapitalization of the Company (the "Transaction") which included, among other transactions, a Convertible Note Exchange Offer and a New Convertible Note Indenture providing for the issuance of New Convertible Notes to be delivered in connection with the Transaction (each as defined in the Master Transaction Agreements).
As part of the Transaction, on April 18, 2017, the Company launched an exchange offer (the "Convertible Note Exchange Offer") to the existing holders of its outstanding Convertible Notes for 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes due 2023 (the "New Convertible Notes" or "5% Convertible Notes"). At least 98% of the holders of the Convertible Notes were required to be tendered in the Convertible Note Exchange Offer as a condition to closing the Transaction.
On July 26, 2017, the Company’s offer to exchange its outstanding $74.2 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes for its New Convertible Notes expired. Holders of at least 98% of the holders of the Convertible Notes tendered in the Convertible Note Exchange Offer. On July 28, 2017, the Company consummated a series of integrated transactions to effect a recapitalization of the Company (the "Transaction Closing") pursuant to the Master Transaction Agreements, which transactions included the consummation of the Convertible Note Exchange Offer. The amount exchanged included approximately $73.0 million of principal outstanding prior to the exchange and approximately $2.8 million of interest paid in kind at the exchange date. The outstanding principal amount of the Convertible Notes after the exchange was approximately $1.2 million.
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company entered into a supplemental indenture (the "Supplemental Convertible Note Indenture") to the Convertible Note Indenture governing the Convertible Notes. The purpose of the Supplemental Convertible Note Indenture was to eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants, eliminate certain events of default, eliminate the covenant restricting mergers and consolidations and modify certain provisions relating to defeasance contained in the Convertible Note Indenture and the Convertible Notes (collectively, the "Proposed Amendments") promptly after the receipt of the requisite consents for the Proposed Amendments.
42
The Company performed an assessment of the modification of the Convertible Notes under ASC 470, Debt, and determined the transaction is a troubled debt restructuring. The Company did not recognize any gain as a result of the restructuring, therefore, approximately $7.7 million was reclassified to the New Convertible Notes, including $6.7 million and $1.0 million related to debt discount and origination cost, respectively. See Note 14 "5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes" for a description of the changes in terms of the Convertible Notes.
On February 20, 2019, the Company received written notice from U.S. Bank, National Association, the trustee under New Convertible Note Indenture, that the Company was in default (the "Event of Default") under the New Convertible Note Indenture for failure to pay the principal amount and accrued interest due upon maturity on February 15, 2019 of Convertible Notes due 2019 (the "Convertible Notes").
The Event of Default, which caused an automatic acceleration of the outstanding principal and accrued interest, had no practical effect on the Company, as such amounts were already due and payable. The Event of Default did not result in a cross-default under other debt agreements or arrangements of the Company.
On August 28, 2019, the Company paid off the outstanding principal and accrued interest on its Convertible Notes, consisting of $1.2 million in principal, $110,000 in accrued and unpaid interest and $38,000 in administrative fees and expenses. The Convertible Notes matured on February 15, 2019. Upon the payoff, the Convertible Notes were extinguished.
During the three months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded $22,000 of interest expense on the Convertible Notes, compared to interest expense of $46,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2018, which included $25,000, $18,000 and $3,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively.
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded $93,000 of interest expense on the Convertible Notes, including $73,000, $18,000 and $3,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively compared to interest expense of $138,000, during the nine months ended August 31, 2018, which included $76,000, $54,000 and $8,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively.
(14) 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
On July 26, 2017, the Company’s Convertible Note Exchange Offer expired. Holders of at least 98% of the Convertible Notes tendered in the Convertible Note Exchange Offer.
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company caused to be issued the New Convertible Notes in an aggregate amount of approximately $75.8 million pursuant to the New Convertible Note Indenture. The terms of the New Convertible Notes are governed by the New Convertible Note Indenture, which provide, among other things, that the New Convertible Notes are unsecured senior obligations of the Company and will mature on February 15, 2023. The New Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 5% per annum from the issue date, payable semi-annually on August 15 and February 15 of each year, beginning on August 15, 2017.
Holders of New Convertible Notes may convert their New Convertible Notes at their option on any day prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding February 15, 2023. Upon conversion, the Company will deliver shares of Common Stock, together with any cash payment for any fractional share of Common Stock. The initial conversion rate for the New Convertible Notes denominated in $1,000 increments will be 500 shares of Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which corresponds to an initial conversion price of approximately $2.00 per share of Common Stock. The initial conversion rate for the New Convertible Notes denominated in $1.00 increments will be 0.5 shares of Common Stock per $1.00 principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which corresponds to an initial conversion price of approximately $2.00 per share of Common Stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.
The Company may redeem, in whole but not in part, the New Convertible Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, if and only if the last reported sale price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds 120% of the conversion price for at least 15 trading days in any period of 30 consecutive trading days. The Company may, at its election, pay or deliver as the case may be, to all Holders of the New Convertible Notes, either (a) solely cash, (b) solely shares of Common Stock, or (c) a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock.
43
The provisions of the New Convertible Note Indenture include a make-whole provision to compensate the Company’s debt holders for the lost option time value and forgone interest payments upon the Company experiencing a Fundamental Change (as defined in the New Convertible Note Indenture). These Fundamental Changes revolve around change in beneficial ownership, the consummation of specified transactions which result in the conversion of common stock into other assets or the sale, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, a majority change in the composition of the Company’s Board of Directors, the Company’s stockholders' approval of any plan for liquidation of dissolution of the Company, and the Common Stock ceasing to be listed or quoted on a Trading Market (as defined in the New Convertible Note Indenture). The number of incremental additional shares to be issued as a result of a Fundamental Change is based on a table which calculates the adjustment based on the inputs of time and share value.
The New Convertible Note Indenture provides for customary events of default, which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), among others: nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of covenants or other agreements in the New Convertible Note Indenture; defaults or failure to pay certain other indebtedness; and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs and is continuing under the New Convertible Note Indenture, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the New Convertible Notes then outstanding may declare all unpaid principal plus accrued interest on the New Convertible Notes immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the New Convertible Note Indenture. In addition, holders of the New Convertible Notes may require the Company to repurchase the New Convertible Notes upon the occurrence of certain designated events at a repurchase price of 100% of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The New Convertible Note Indenture, among other things, includes provisions such as the Company’s failure to timely file any document or report that is required to be filed with the SEC, as well as a registration statement covering the re-sale by holders of the New Convertible Notes not being declared effective by the SEC; the Company’s failure to cure such a default within 14 days after the occurrence will result in the Company being required to pay additional interest in cash.
Additional interest on the New Convertible Notes will accrue with respect to the first 90-day period (or portion thereof) following the restricted transfer triggering date, which is 120 days after the last date on which any securities are originally issued under the New Convertible Note Indenture, if certain circumstances occur resulting in a restricted transfer default. For each day that a restricted transfer default is continuing at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of New Convertible Notes, which rate will increase by an additional 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes for each subsequent 90- day period (or portion thereof) while a restricted transfer default is continuing until all restricted transfer defaults have been cured, up to a maximum of 0.5% of the principal amount of the securities. Following the cure of all restricted transfer defaults, the accrual of additional interest arising from restricted transfer defaults will cease.
The New Convertible Note Indenture states that the sole remedy for an event of default relating to the failure by the Company to comply with the provisions of the New Convertible Note Indenture requiring timely reporting by the Company and for any failure to comply with Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act shall, for the first 365 days after the occurrence of such an Event of Default, consist exclusively of the right to receive special interest on the New Convertible Notes at an annual rate equal to 0.50% of the principal amount of the New Convertible Notes.
Voluntary Petitions for Relief Under Chapter 11
On November 14, 2018, the November Chapter 11 Cases were filed, and on December 13, 2018, the White Eagle
Chapter 11 Case was filed. The commencement of the Chapter 11 Cases would constitute defaults and events of default under the terms of the Company’s New Convertible Note Indenture. However, such defaults and events of default and their consequences were waived by holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the New Convertible Notes, and consequently, the Company believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred under the Company’s New Convertible Note Indenture.
As of August 31, 2019, the carrying value of the New Convertible Notes was $70.7 million, net of unamortized debt discounts and origination costs of $4.5 million and $663,000, respectively. These are being amortized over the remaining life of the New Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.
During the three months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded $1.3 million of interest expense on the New Convertible Notes, including $948,000, $290,000 and $43,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, compared to interest expense of $1.3 million during the three months ended August 31, 2018, which included $948,000, $271,000 and $40,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively.
44
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded $3.8 million of interest expense on the 5% Convertible Notes, including $2.8 million, $832,000 and $123,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, compared to interest expense of $3.7 million during the nine months ended August 31, 2018, which included $2.8 million, $774,000 and $115,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively.
(15) 8.5% Senior Secured Notes
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company and the Senior Secured Note Trustee entered into an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Note Indenture to amend and restate the Senior Secured Indenture between the Company (as amended and restated, the “Amended and Restated Senior Note Indenture") and the Senior Secured Note Trustee following the Company’s receipt of requisite consents of the holders of the 15% Senior Secured Notes. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, the Company caused the cancellation of all outstanding 15% Senior Secured Notes and the issuance of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 (the "8.5% Senior Secured Notes") in an aggregate amount of $30.0 million. The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture allows for an aggregate of $40.0 million of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes to be issued thereunder. On August 11, 2017 and August 14, 2017 the Company issued an additional $3.5 million and $1.5 million of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes which resulted in total notes issued of $46.5 million. The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides, among other things, that the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes will be secured senior obligations of the Company and will mature on July 15, 2021. The 8.5% Senior Secured Notes bear interest at a rate of 8.5% per annum, payable quarterly on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2017. Certain holders of the Company's securities that are party to Board Designation Agreements (as discussed below), purchased approximately $24.5 million of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes that were issued in exchange for 15% Senior Secured Notes during the year ended December 31, 2017.
The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides that the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes may be optionally redeemed in full by the Company at any time and must be redeemed in full upon additional issuances of debt by the Company, in each case at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed plus (i) accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to the date of redemption, and (ii) the Applicable Premium, if any, as defined in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture. Upon a change of control, the Company will be required to make an offer to holders of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes to repurchase the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 107.5% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to the date of redemption.
The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture contains negative covenants restricting additional debt incurred by the Company, creation of liens on the collateral securing the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, and restrictions on dividends and stock repurchases, among other things. The 8.5% Senior Secured Notes are secured by settlement proceeds, if any, received from certain litigation involving the Company, certain notes issued to the Company, and pledges of 65% of the equity interests in Blue Heron Designated Activity Company ("Blue Heron"), OLIPP IV, LLC and Red Reef Alternative Investments, LLC.
On January 10, 2018, the Company commenced the process of appointing a liquidator to liquidate Blue Heron. The completion of liquidation formalities of Blue Heron under Irish law is expected to take several months, and liquidation was still pending at August 31, 2019. Blue Heron is an inactive subsidiary of the Company. In connection with liquidation of Blue Heron, the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture (the "Trustee"),entered into (i) the First Supplemental Indenture (the "First Supplemental Indenture"), dated as of January 10, 2018, to implement certain amendments to the Indenture and (ii) the Amendment to Pledge and Security Agreement ("Pledge and Security Amendment"), dated as of January 10, 2018, to implement certain amendments to the Pledge and Security Agreement Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2016, between the Company and Trustee. The First Supplemental Indenture and the Pledge and Security Amendment amend the Indenture and Pledge and Security Agreement, respectively, to: (i) remove from the assets pledged to the secured parties under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, 65% of the equity and certain other assets of Blue Heron; and (ii) reflect the pledge by the Company, in favor of the secured parties under the Indenture, of the promissory note dated as of December 29, 2016 in the principal sum of $69.6 million issued by OLIPP IV, LLC to Blue Heron and subsequently assigned to the Company.
The Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture provides for customary events of default which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), among others: nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of covenants or other agreements in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture; defaults in failure to pay certain other indebtedness; and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs and is continuing under the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture, the Senior Secured Note Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes then outstanding may declare the principal of and accrued but unpaid interest, plus a premium, if any, on all the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes immediately due and payable, subject to certain conditions set forth in the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture.
45
On December 10, 2018, the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as indenture trustee, entered into a Second Supplemental Indenture (the "Second Supplemental Indenture") which amended the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of July 28, 2017, as amended by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of January 10, 2018 (as so amended, the "Indenture"), relating to the Company’s 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due July 15, 2021 (the "8.5% Senior Secured Notes"). The Second Supplemental Indenture (i) increased the aggregate principal amount of Notes permitted to be issued under the Indenture from $40 million to $70 million and (ii) provided for interest on the Notes to be paid in kind, such that the principal amount of the relevant holder’s note is increased by the amount of interest, in lieu of cash payment ("PIK"). The Company may elect to pay PIK interest instead of cash interest for any Interest Period (as defined in the Indenture) to holders of Notes who consented to accept PIK interest. Each holder of outstanding Notes made an election with respect to some or all of the outstanding principal amount of such holder’s Notes as to whether or not to accept PIK interest whenever the Company elects to pay interest in PIK in lieu of cash. Any new holder of Notes, other than a transferee who is an affiliate of a transferring holder that did not elect to accept PIK interest, will be deemed to have elected to accept PIK interest. A holder receiving PIK interest shall also automatically receive, for each applicable Interest Period, an amount equal to 3.0% per annum of additional interest on the principal amount of such holder’s Notes for which the holder elected to accept PIK interest. Holders receiving PIK is approximately $26.8 million with approximately $8.2 million electing to be paid by cash.
The Company issued an additional $1.1 million and $2.8 million in additional 8.5% Senior Secured Notes in lieu of a cash payment of interest to the relevant holders of the notes during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019, respectively.
On December 28, 2018, the Company entered into subscription agreements (the "Subscription Agreements") with several investors (the "Investors"), Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, the Investors purchased from the Company an aggregate of $5.7 million principal amount of the Company’s 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for an aggregate purchase price of $4.3 million. The transactions were consummated on December 28, 2018.
On December 28, 2018, the Company received a commitment letter (the "Commitment Letter") from Ironsides Partners LLC, an entity affiliated with Robert Knapp, a member of the Board, for an aggregate investment, at the Company’s election, of up to $2.0 million principal amount of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for an aggregate purchase price of up to $1.5 million no later than January 31, 2019. The Commitment Letter contains certain conditions precedent to Ironsides’ obligations to purchase such 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. On January 30, 2019, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the "Note Purchase Agreement") with Ironsides Partners Special Situations Master Fund III L.P. (the "Investor"), which is affiliated with Robert Knapp, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, the Investor purchased from the Company $2.0 million principal amount of the Company’s 8.5% Senior Secured Notes for a purchase price of $1.5 million.
On February 11, 2019, the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") with Brennan Opportunities Fund I LP (the "Investor"), which is affiliated with Patrick T. Brennan, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, the Investor purchased from the Company $967,000 principal amount of the Company’s 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (the "Senior Notes") for a purchase price of $725,000. The transaction was consummated on February 14, 2019.
Voluntary Petitions for Relief Under Chapter 11
On November 14, 2018, the November Chapter 11 Cases were filed, and on December 13, 2018, the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case was filed. The commencement of the Chapter 11 Cases would constitute defaults and events of default under the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture. However, such defaults and events of default and their consequences were waived by holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amounts of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, and consequently, the Company believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred under the Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Secured Indenture.
At August 31, 2019, the outstanding principal of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes was $46.5 million with a carrying value of $44.0 million, net of discount and unamortized debt issuance cost of $1.8 million and $621,000, respectively.
During the three months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded approximately $1.5 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes $1.3 million of interest expense, $76,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs and $152,000 of amortizing of debt discount, respectively, compared to approximately $828,000 of interest expense on the
46
8.5% Senior Secured Notes, during the three months ended August 31, 2018, which includes $760,000 of interest and $68,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively.
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded approximately $4.4 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes $3.8 million of interest and $209,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs and $346,000 of amortizing of debt discount respectively, compared to approximately $2.5 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, during the nine months ended August 31, 2018, which includes $2.3 million of interest and $197,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively.
(16) Fair Value Measurements
The Company and its deconsolidated subsidiaries carry life settlements and debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility at fair value as shown in the consolidated balance sheets. Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. Fair value measurements are classified based on the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1-Valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are accessible at the reporting date. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these products does not entail a significant degree of judgment.
Level 2-Valuation is determined from pricing inputs that are other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Observable inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
Level 3-Valuation is based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Level 3 inputs include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value generally require significant management judgment or estimation.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The balances of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of August 31, 2019, are as follows (in thousands):
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Assets: | |||||||||||||||
Investment in limited partnership | $ | — | $ | — | 132,334 | $ | 132,334 | ||||||||
Investment in life settlements | — | — | 1,254 | 1,254 | |||||||||||
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 133,588 | $ | 133,588 |
The balances of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of November 30, 2018, are as follows (in thousands):
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Assets: | |||||||||||||||
Investment in life settlements - Deconsolidated | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 505,235 | $ | 505,235 | |||||||
Investment in life settlements - Consolidated | — | — | 1,172 | 1,172 | |||||||||||
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 506,407 | $ | 506,407 | ||||||||
Investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 128,795 | $ | 128,795 |
47
The balances of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of November 30, 2018, are as follows (in thousands):
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility - Deconsolidated | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 346,670 | $ | 346,670 | |||||||
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 346,670 | $ | 346,670 |
The below is a quantitative analysis of the Company's level 3 assets fair value measurements:
($ in thousands) | Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements | ||||||||||||||
Fair Value at 8/31/19 | Aggregate death benefit at 08/31/19 | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Input | Range (Weighted Average) | |||||||||||
Investment in life settlements | $ | 1,254 | $ | 12,000 | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | 13.25% | 15.25% | |||||||
Life expectancy evaluation | (11.6 years) | ||||||||||||||
Investment in limited partnership | $ | 132,334 | $ | 735,798 | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | 15.03% | ||||||||
Life expectancy evaluation, distributions, return on investment |
Following is a description of the methodologies used to estimate the fair values of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and within the fair value hierarchy. The primary asset in the investment in limited partnership is life settlements.
Life settlements—The Company has elected to account for the life settlement policies it acquires using the fair value method. The Company uses a present value technique to estimate the fair value of its life settlements, which is a Level 3 fair value measurement as the significant inputs are unobservable and require significant management judgment or estimation. The Company currently uses a probabilistic method of valuing life insurance policies, which the Company believes to be the preferred valuation method in the industry. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate.
The Company provides medical records for each insured to life expectancy report providers ("LE providers"). Each LE provider reviews and analyzes the medical records and identifies all medical conditions it feels are relevant to the life expectancy determination of the insured. Debits and credits are assigned by each LE provider to the individual’s health based on identified medical conditions which are derived from the experience of mortality attributed to relevant conditions in the portfolio of lives that the LE provider monitors. The health of the insured is summarized by the LE provider into a life assessment of the individual’s life expectancy expressed both in terms of months and in mortality factor. The mortality factor represents the degree to which the given life can be considered more or less impaired than a life having similar characteristics (e.g. gender, age, smoking, etc.). For example, a standard insured (the average life for the given mortality table) would carry a mortality rating of 100%. A similar but impaired life bearing a mortality rating of 200% would be considered to have twice the chance of dying earlier than the standard life relative to the LE provider’s population. Since each provider’s mortality factor is based on its own mortality table, the Company calculates its own factors to apply to the table selected by the Company.
The Company calculates mortality factors so that when applied to the mortality table selected by the Company, the resulting LE equals the LE provided by each LE provider. The resulting mortality factors are then blended to determine a factor for each insured.
A mortality curve is then generated based on the calculated mortality factors and the rates from the Company selected mortality table to generate the best estimated probabilistic cash flow stream. The net present value of the cash flows is then calculated to determine the policy value.
If the insured dies earlier than expected, the return will be higher than if the insured dies when expected or later than expected. The calculation allows for the possibility that if the insured dies earlier than expected, the premiums needed to keep the policy in force will not have to be paid. Conversely, the calculation also considers the possibility that if the insured lives longer than expected, more premium payments will be necessary.
48
The Company uses the 2015 Valuation Basic tables, smoker distinct ("2015 VBT"), mortality tables developed by the U.S. Society of Actuaries (the "SOA"). The mortality tables are created based on the expected rates of death among different groups categorized by factors such as age and gender. The 2015 VBT is based on a large dataset of insured lives, face amount of policies and more current information and its dataset includes 266 million policies. The experience data in the 2015 VBT dataset includes 2.55 million claims on policies from 51 insurance carriers. Life experiences implied by the 2015 VBT are generally longer for male and female nonsmokers between the ages of 65 and 80, while smokers and insureds of both genders over the age of 85 have significantly lower life expectancies. The table shows lower mortality rates in the earlier select periods at most ages, so while the Company continues to fit the life expectancies from the LE providers to the 2015 VBT, the change in the mortality curve changes the timing of the Company’s expected cash flow streams.
Historically, the Company has procured the majority of its life expectancy reports from two life expectancy report providers (AVS Underwriting LLC and 21st Services, LLC) for valuation purposes and average or "blending," the results of the two life expectancy reports to establish a composite mortality factor.
On October 18, 2018, 21st Services, LLC ("21st Services") announced revisions to its underwriting methodology, which revisions have generally been understood to lengthen the average reported life expectancy furnished by this life expectancy provider by 9%. On October 29, 2018, AVS Underwriting LLC ("AVS"), also announced revisions to its underwriting methodology without an estimated impact, which resulted in an average lengthening of the life expectancies by approximately 13%.
To account for the impact of the revisions by 21st Services and based off of market responses to the methodology change, the Company decided to lengthen the life expectancies furnished by 21st Services by 9% during the eleven months ended November 30, 2018, the resulting impact was approximately $124.0 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements.
Further, the Company has decide to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes. The Company's decision was based on a series of events leading up to the announcement on October 29, 2018, which includes AVS' inability to furnish timely reports to allow the Company to blend the results to facilitate timely quarterly reporting. Market participants have expressed concerns regarding their inability to connect the new AVS model to past model. During the eleven months ended November 30, 2018, the Company discontinued its blending approach. The resulting impact was approximately $23.1 million reduction in the fair value of its life settlements.
Moving forward, the Company will procure its life expectancy report from 21st Services on a periodic basis and expects to continue to lengthen life expectancies furnished by 21st Services that have not been re-underwritten using their updated methodology.
Future changes in the life expectancies could have a material adverse effect on the fair value of the Company’s life settlements, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
Life expectancy sensitivity analysis
If all of the insured lives in the Company’s life settlement portfolio lived six months shorter or longer than the life expectancies provided by these third parties, the change in estimated fair value as of August 31, 2019 would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
Life Expectancy Months Adjustment | Value | Change in Value | |||||
+6 | $ | 1,051 | $ | (203 | ) | ||
- | $ | 1,254 | $ | — | |||
-6 | $ | 1,466 | $ | 212 |
Discount rate
The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and our estimate of the risk premium an investor in the policy would require.
49
The Company re-evaluates its discount rates at the end of every reporting period in order to reflect the estimated discount rates that could reasonably be used in a market transaction involving the Company’s portfolio of life settlements. In doing so, consideration is given to the various factors influencing the rates, including risk tolerance and market activity. The Company relies on management insight, engages third party consultants to corroborate its assessment, engages in discussions with other market participants and extrapolates the discount rate underlying actual sales of policies. In considering these factors, at August 31, 2019, the Company determined that the weighted average discount rate calculated based on death benefit was 14.92% compared to 13.42% at November 30, 2018.
Credit exposure of insurance company
The Company considers the financial standing of the issuer of each life insurance policy. Typically, we seek to hold policies issued by insurance companies that are rated investment grade by the top three credit rating agencies. At August 31, 2019, the Company had no life insurance policies issued by one carriers that were rated non-investment grade as of that date.
The following table provides information about the life insurance issuer concentrations that exceed 10% of total death benefit and 10% of total fair value of the Company’s life settlements as of August 31, 2019:
Carrier - Consolidated | Percentage of Total Fair Value | Percentage of Total Death Benefit | Moody’s Rating | S&P Rating | |||||
Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada | 100 | % | 100 | % | Aa3 | AA |
Market interest rate sensitivity analysis
The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and our estimate of the risk premium an investor in the policy would require. The extent to which the fair value could vary in the near term has been quantified by evaluating the effect of changes in the weighted average discount rate on the death benefit used to estimate the fair value. If the weighted average discount rate was increased or decreased by 1/2 of 1% and the other assumptions used to estimate fair value remained the same, the change in estimated fair value as of August 31, 2019 would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
Weighted Average Rate Calculated Based on Death Benefit - Consolidated | Rate Adjustment | Value | Change in Value | |||||||
14.42% | (0.50 | )% | $ | 1,308 | $ | 54 | ||||
14.92% | — | $ | 1,254 | $ | — | |||||
15.42% | 0.50 | % | $ | 1,202 | $ | (52 | ) |
Future changes in the discount rates we use to value life insurance policies could have a material effect on the Company's yield on life settlement transactions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of our operations.
At the end of each reporting period we re-value the life insurance policies using our valuation model in order to update our estimate of fair value for investments in policies held on our balance sheet. This includes reviewing our assumptions for discount rates and life expectancies as well as incorporating current information for premium payments and the passage of time.
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility— White Eagle holds life insurance policies previously pledged by White Eagle to serve as collateral for its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. On August 16, 2019, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") pursuant to which White Eagle sold 72.5% of its limited partnership in the form of newly issued limited partnership interests (the "WE Investment"). The proceeds of the WE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) White Eagle’s Revolving Credit Facility, and (ii) the DIP Financing extended by CLMG, as agent, and LNV, as lender, to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to the Master Termination Agreement. The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization.
50
Investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries - As previously discussed in Note 4, upon the deconsolidation of Lamington, an investment was recorded for $278.4 million which represented the fair value of the Company's investment in Lamington at November 13, 2018. The amount was equivalent to the carrying value of Lamington's net assets. The fair value measurements were calculated using unobservable inputs, primarily discounted cash flow analysis and classified as Level 3, requiring significant management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices or observable inputs for assets of similar nature. The investment was further valued at November 30, 2018 by a third party also using unobservable inputs, which utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis considering the anticipated date the Company would emerge from bankruptcy, the settlement amount of debt, and future expenses, resulted in a fair value of approximately $128.8 million.
Effective August 16, 2019, Lamington and WEGP were reconsolidated under the provisions of ASC 810, Consolidation. It was determined that the investment in White Eagle, which was no longer wholly owned, would be treated as an equity investment. The Company further evaluated its investment at August 16, 2019 and recognized a gain of approximately $37.9 million, which amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The amount is associated with gains incurred by Lamington for the period up to August 16, 2019 in considering the proceeds received through the transactions for the Subscription Agreement, the actual payoff of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and all other third party claims.
Investment in limited partnership - In connection with the WE Investment, the Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" evidenced by the Class D limited partnership interests, to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interests. The A&R LPA provides generally that holders the Class A and Class B Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately $8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and $4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years, provided that commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilized to repay the Class D Return of $8.0 million, which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of $2.0 million or 11% per annum on such $8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such Class D Return. The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distribution as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility) and to any indemnification payments, if any, due to such holders and related indemnified persons pursuant to the indemnities afforded them in and in relation to the A&R LPA, Subscription Agreement, Master Termination Agreement and related documents.
ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities requires that a reporting entity should account for its equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity method at fair value, with changes to fair value recorded in current earnings.
White Eagle previously valued its life settlement policies at fair value whose valuation are based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. The Company now holds an equity investment of 27.5% in White Eagle whose only assets are these life settlement. Additionally, the investment includes a mezzanine financing which the Company assumed at closing which repayment by, and ultimate distributions to, the Company are based on a prescribed waterfall with a guaranteed 11% return to the majority owner partner. Given the nature of this ownership, fair value is not readily redeemable and inputs are not observable. The Company will utilize a fair value approach to account for its 27.5% investment in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, and the calculation will be performed consistent with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington's capital contribution to the limited partnership was an estimated fair value of approximately $138.9 million. The Company performed a valuation at August 31, 2019 resulting in a value of approximately $132.3 million using an estimated discount rate of approximately 15.03%.
See Note 11, "Investment in Limited Partnership", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
51
Discount rate of investment in limited partnership
The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy, the Company's estimates of the return and investor would require and the current rate of return of the major partner.
The Company re-evaluates its discount rates at the end of every reporting period in order to reflect the estimated discount rates that could reasonably be used in a market transaction involving the Company’s 27.5% investment in White Eagle Asset Portfolio. In doing so, consideration is given to the various factors influencing the rates, including risk tolerance and market activity. The Company relies on management insight, engages third party consultants to corroborate its assessment and engages in discussions with other market participants. In considering these factors, at August 31, 2019, the Company determined that the estimated discount rate was 15.03%.
Market interest rate sensitivity analysis of the investment in limited partnership
The extent to which the fair value of the investment in limited partnership could vary in the near term has been quantified by evaluating the effect of changes in the weighted average discount. If the weighted average discount rate were increased or decreased by 1/2 of 1% and the other assumptions used to estimate fair value remained the same, the change in estimated fair value of investment in limited partnership as of August 31, 2019 would be as follows (dollars in thousands):
Weighted Average Rate | Rate Adjustment | Value | Change in Value | |||||||
14.53% | (0.50 | )% | $ | 136,057 | $ | 3,723 | ||||
15.03% | — | $ | 132,334 | $ | — | |||||
15.53% | 0.50 | % | $ | 128,766 | $ | (3,568 | ) |
Changes in Fair Value
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the nine months ended August 31, 2019, for all life settlement assets for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs, which consists solely of life settlements (in thousands):
Life Settlements - Consolidated: : | |||
Balance, December 1, 2018 | $ | 1,172 | |
Purchase of policies | — | ||
Change in fair value | (37 | ) | |
Matured/lapsed/sold policies | — | ||
Premiums paid | 118 | ||
Balance, August 31, 2019 | $ | 1,253 | |
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to assets held at August 31, 2019 | $ | (37 | ) |
52
Life Settlements - Deconsolidated: | |||
Balance, December 1, 2018 | $ | 505,235 | |
Purchase of policies | — | ||
Change in fair value | (16,841 | ) | |
Receivable for maturity of life settlement write off (Note 18) | 17,800 | ||
Policies sold | (344,845 | ) | |
Policies matured | (100,373 | ) | |
Premiums paid | 69,827 | ||
Transfer to investment in limited partnership | (130,803 | ) | |
Balance, August 31, 2019 | — | ||
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to deconsolidated assets held at August 31, 2019 | $ | — |
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the nine months ended August 31, 2019, for investment in limited partnership for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs, which consists solely of life settlements (in thousands):
Investment in Limited Partnership | |||
Balance, December 1, 2018 | $ | — | |
Transfer from investment in life settlement | 130,803 | ||
Change in fair value - August 16, 2019 | 15,352 | ||
Advance for Class D Shares | (8,000 | ) | |
Balance, August 16, 2019 | $ | 138,155 | |
Change in fair value - August 17, 2019 to August 31, 2019 | (5,821 | ) | |
Balance, August 31, 2019 | $ | 132,334 | |
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to assets held at August 31, 2019 | $ | (5,821 | ) |
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the nine months ended August 31, 2019, for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs (in thousands):
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility: | |||
Balance, December 1, 2018 | $ | 346,670 | |
Draws under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | 4,221 | ||
Payments on White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | (367,985 | ) | |
Unrealized change in fair value | 17,094 | ||
Balance, August 31, 2019 | $ | — | |
Changes in fair value included in earnings for period relating to liabilities held at August 31, 2019 | $ | — |
53
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the period ended nine months ended August 31, 2019, for the investment in subsidiaries for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs (in thousands):
Investment in Deconsolidated Subsidiaries | |||
Investment in Lamington at December 1, 2018 | $ | 128,795 | |
Change in fair value | 37,941 | ||
Transferred to consolidation | (166,736 | ) | |
Investment in Lamington at August 31, 2019 | $ | — |
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the nine months ended August 31, 2018, for all assets for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs, which consists solely of life settlements (in thousands):
Life Settlements: | |||
Balance, December 1, 2017 | $ | 557,786 | |
Purchase of policies | — | ||
Change in fair value | 19,299 | ||
Matured/sold policies | (68,185 | ) | |
Premiums paid | 67,916 | ||
Transfers into level 3 | — | ||
Transfers out of level 3 | — | ||
Balance, August 31, 2018 | $ | 576,816 | |
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to assets held at August 31, 2018 | $ | (15,707 | ) |
The following table provides a roll-forward in the changes in fair value for the nine months ended August 31, 2018, for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility for which the Company determines fair value using a material level of unobservable (Level 3) inputs (in thousands):
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility: | |||
Balance, December 1, 2017 | $ | 326,104 | |
Draws under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | 69,490 | ||
Payments on White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | (34,597 | ) | |
Unrealized change in fair value | (11,663 | ) | |
Transfers into level 3 | — | ||
Transfer out of level 3 | — | ||
Balance, August 31, 2018 | $ | 349,334 | |
Changes in fair value included in earnings for the period relating to liabilities at August 31, 2018 | $ | (11,663 | ) |
There were no transfers of financial assets or liabilities between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018.
Other Fair Value Considerations - Carrying value of certificate of deposits, prepaid expenses and other assets, receivable for maturity of life settlements, investment in affiliates, 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities and/or low credit risk.
54
(17) Segment Information
On October 25, 2013, the Company sold its structured settlement business, which was previously reported as an operating segment. The operating results related to the Company’s structured settlement business have been included in discontinued operations in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented and the Company has discontinued segment reporting. See Note 9 "Discontinued Operations" to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information. Management views its current operations as one segment.
(18) Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Agreements
The Company leases office space under a lease that commenced on October 1, 2014. The lease expires on September 30, 2020. The annual base rent is $261,000, with a provision for a 3% increase on each anniversary of the rent commencement date. Rent expense was approximately $63,000 and $109,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with approximately $215,000 and $338,000 for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During the eleven months ended November 30, 2018, the Company entered into a sublease agreement with a subtenant that commenced on October 1, 2018 and expires on September 15, 2020. The annual base rent of the subtenant is $78,000. On March 11, 2019 the sublease contract was amended to increase the square footage thereunder, hence increasing the annual base rent to $89,000.
Employment Agreements
The Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its officers, including with its chief financial officer, whose agreement provides for payments in the event that the executive terminates her employment with the Company due to a material change in the geographic location where the chief financial officer performs her duties or upon a material diminution of her base salary or responsibilities, with or without cause (the "2018 Martinez Agreement"). If the Company terminates the 2018 Martinez Agreement without cause or she resigns with Good Reason (as defined in the 2018 Martinez Agreement), she will be entitled to receive her base salary or $352,229, whichever is greater, through the twelve (12) months following such termination (the "Martinez Severance Period") as well as any bonus earned but not yet paid. If Ms. Martinez resigns for good reason, she will also be entitled to have the Company continue to pay its portion of healthcare premiums for plans in which she is participating immediately prior to the termination through the Martinez Severance Period. If such termination or resignation occurs within two years after a change in control (as defined in the 2018 Martinez Agreement), then in lieu of receiving her base salary, Ms. Martinez would be entitled to receive (i) accrued vacation days, (ii) a lump sum payment equal to the sum of two times her then base salary, (iii) a portion of her bonus prorated through the termination date that would be due to her when bonus payments are otherwise made for the year in which the termination occurs, (iv) any unpaid portion of a bonus for the year preceding the termination, and (v) reimbursement of COBRA healthcare costs through the Martinez Severance Period.
On March 13, 2018, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Jack Simony (the "Simony Agreement"), pursuant to which Mr. Simony will continue to serve as Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of the Company. The term of the Simony Agreement commenced on March 13, 2018 and continues for one year, with automatic one-year extensions unless (x) either Mr. Simony or the Company gives written notice not to extend at least sixty (60) days’ prior to the end of the then-current term or (y) Mr. Simony’s employment is terminated in accordance with the terms of the Simony Agreement. Pursuant to the Simony Agreement, Mr. Simony will receive an annual base salary of $275,000.
The Simony Agreement further provides that Mr. Simony is entitled to participate in all benefit plans provided to executives of the Company. If the Company terminates Mr. Simony’s employment without cause or he resigns with Good Reason (as defined in the Simony Agreement), the Simony Agreement provides that he will be entitled to receive his base salary through the six (6) months following such termination (the "Simony Severance Period") as well as any incentive bonus that has been declared or awarded to him for a prior fiscal year but has not yet been paid. If Mr. Simony resigns for good reason, he will also be entitled to have the Company continue to pay its portion of health care premiums for plans in which he is participating immediately prior to the termination through the Simony Severance Period.
On March 13, 2018, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Harvey Werblowsky (the "Werblowsky Agreement"), pursuant to which Mr. Werblowsky will continue to serve as Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel of the Company. The term of the Werblowsky Agreement commenced on March 13, 2018 and continues for one year, with automatic one-year extensions unless (x) either Mr. Werblowsky or the Company gives written notice not to extend at least
55
sixty (60) days’ prior to the end of the then-current term or (y) Mr. Werblowsky’s employment is terminated in accordance with the terms of the Werblowsky Agreement. Pursuant to the Werblowsky Agreement, Mr. Werblowsky will receive an annual base salary of $250,000.
The Werblowsky Agreement further provides that Mr. Werblowsky is entitled to participate in all benefit plans provided to executives of the Company. If the Company terminates Mr. Werblowsky’s employment without cause or he resigns with Good Reason (as defined in the Werblowsky Agreement), the Werblowsky Agreement provides that he will be entitled to receive his base salary through the six (6) months following such termination (the "Werblowsky Severance Period") as well as any incentive bonus that has been declared or awarded to him for a prior fiscal year but has not yet been paid. If Mr. Werblowsky resigns for good reason, he will also be entitled to have the Company continue to pay its portion of health care premiums for plans in which he is participating immediately prior to the termination through the Werblowsky Severance Period.
The Company does not have any general policies regarding the use of employment agreements, but has and may, from time to time, enter into such a written agreement to reflect the terms and conditions of employment of a particular named executive officer, whether at the time of hire or thereafter.
Litigation
In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Company establishes an accrued liability for litigation and regulatory matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. In such cases, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. When a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, the Company does not establish an accrued liability. As a litigation or regulatory matter develops, the Company, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, evaluates on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and estimable. If, at the time of evaluation, the loss contingency related to a litigation or regulatory matter is not both probable and estimable, the matter will continue to be monitored for further developments that would make such loss contingency both probable and estimable. When a loss contingency related to a litigation or regulatory matter is deemed to be both probable and estimable, the Company will establish an accrued liability with respect to such loss contingency and record a corresponding amount of litigation-related expense. The Company will then continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of any such accrued liability.
Litigation Settlement
On May 22, 2019, a settlement (the "Lincoln Benefit Settlement") in the amount of $21.3 million was signed between Lincoln Benefit Life Company ("Lincoln Benefit"), White Eagle and Emergent Capital pursuant to which Lincoln Benefit agreed not to contest the 55 life insurance policies that are presently owned by White Eagle and Emergent Capital agreed to drop its legal action against Allstate Life Insurance Company and settle for $2.0 million. The Lincoln Benefit Settlement relates to six separate legal actions pertaining to the validity of certain White Eagle policies and receivables for maturities of life settlements totaling $39.1 million. The Lincoln Benefit Settlement was approved by the Bankruptcy Court in June 2019, and accordingly, the receivable for maturities of life settlement was adjusted to reflect the reduction which resulted in approximately $17.8 million recorded as change in fair value of life settlements loss in the condensed and consolidated financial statements of the Debtors at August 31, 2019. The amount was received during the three months ended August 31, 2019. The $2.0 million settlement related to the Allstate lawsuit was received during the three months ended August 31, 2019 and is recorded as other income on the statement of operations for consolidated financial statements at August 31, 2019.
Sun Life
On April 18, 2013, Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada ("Sun Life") filed a complaint against the Company and several of its affiliates in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, entitled Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada v. Imperial Holdings, Inc., et al. ("Sun Life Case"), asserting, among other things, that at least 28 life insurance policies issued by Sun Life and owned by the Company through certain of its subsidiary companies were invalid. The Sun Life complaint, as amended, asserted the following claims: (1) violations of the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ("RICO") Act, (2) conspiracy to violate the RICO Act, (3) common law fraud, (4) aiding and abetting fraud, (5) civil conspiracy to commit fraud, (6) tortious interference with contractual obligations, and (7) a declaration that the policies issued were void. Following the filing of a motion by the Company to dismiss the Sun Life Case, on December 9, 2014, counts (2), (4), (5), (6) and (7) of the Sun Life Case were dismissed with prejudice. The Company then filed a motion for summary judgment on the remaining counts. On February 4, 2015, the Court issued an order (the "Order") granting the
56
Company’s motion for summary judgment on counts (1) and (3), resulting in the Company prevailing on all counts in the Sun Life Case.
On July 29, 2013, the Company filed a separate complaint against Sun Life in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, captioned Imperial Premium Finance, LLC v. Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada ("Imperial Case"), which was subsequently consolidated with the Sun Life Case. The Imperial Case asserted claims against Sun Life for breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and fraud, and sought a judgment declaring that Sun Life is obligated to comply with the promises made by it in certain insurance policies. The Imperial complaint also sought compensatory damages amounting to at least $30.0 million and an award of punitive damages. On August 23, 2013, Sun Life moved to dismiss the complaint, but the Court denied Sun Life’s motion in early 2015. Subsequently, on February 26, 2015, Sun Life appealed the denial to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. The Company moved to dismiss Sun Life’s appeal and, on December 17, 2015, the Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the Company, dismissing Sun Life’s appeal. The Imperial Case therefore returned to the District Court.
On September 22, 2016, however, the District Court granted summary judgment in favor of Sun Life on the entirety of the Imperial Case. Subsequently, on January 12, 2017, the Company appealed the District Court’s decision, and on January 24, 2017, Sun Life filed its own notice of appeal. As part of these two appeals, the Court of Appeals will review every dispositive order issued by the District Court throughout the consolidated case. Per the Court of Appeals, oral argument will be scheduled in the near future.
In January 2018, oral argument was held in the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals. In September 2018, the Circuit Court ruled that Florida is the jurisdiction for all the Sun Life cases.
Voluntary Petitions for Relief Under Chapter 11 and Suit
On the Petition Date, the November Chapter 11 Cases were filed. The commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases constitutes an event of default under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in the principal and accrued interest due from White Eagle thereunder becoming immediately due and payable. Lamington and WEGP have pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Any efforts by LNV or CLMG to enforce such pledges by Lamington and WEGP of their respective interests in White Eagle in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are automatically stayed as a result of the commencement of the November Chapter 11 Cases and LNV’s and CLMG’s rights of enforcement in respect of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility are subject to the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. In addition, on November 15, 2018, White Eagle, LNV and CLMG entered into an Agreement Regarding Rights and Remedies (the "Standstill Agreement"), pursuant to which LNV and CLMG agreed to refrain from exercising their rights and remedies in connection with the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, subject to the terms and provisions of the Standstill Agreement, until 12:00 p.m. noon Pacific time on November 26, 2018, to facilitate negotiations.
On December 13, 2018, the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case was filed. The commencement of the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case would constitute a default and event of default under the terms of the Amended and Restated Senior Note Indenture 8.5% Senior Secured Notes Unsecured and the New Convertible Indenture relating to the New Convertible Notes. However, such defaults and events of default and their consequences were waived by holders of all of the outstanding principal amount of the outstanding 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and by holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the outstanding New Convertible Notes, and consequently, the Company believes that no defaults, events of default or acceleration of the payment obligations thereunder, including principal or accrued interest, occurred under either the Amended and Restated Senior Note Indenture or the New Convertible Note Indenture.
On January 25, 2019, the Company, White Eagle, Lamington, and WEGP, collectively the "Plaintiffs", filed the Suit against LNV, Silver Point and GWG, the Defendants, in the Bankruptcy Court, where the Suit will be administered together with the Chapter 11 Cases. LNV, a subsidiary of Beal, is the lender under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
In the Suit, the Plaintiffs allege that the Defendants engaged in a scheme to coerce the Plaintiffs into selling their valuable portfolio of life insurance policies to defendants for well below its true value. Pursuant to the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, LNV agreed to lend $370 million to White Eagle, and in connection therewith received a 45% equity stake in White Eagle. That equity stake, and LNV’s significant control over White Eagle under the Credit Facility, creates a joint venture, and gives rise to fiduciary duties to White Eagle and Emergent, on the part of LNV. The Plaintiffs further allege that LNV has been engaged in a concerted campaign to "squeeze" White Eagle and Emergent by improperly restricting their cash flow, in the hopes that White Eagle and Emergent will have no choice but to sell the valuable policy portfolio to LNV or one of its proxies, including Silver Point and/or GWG, at below its true value.
57
Global Settlement Agreement in Principle in Bankruptcies
On May 7, 2019, a global settlement in principle of the Chapter 11 Cases and the Suit was announced on the record to, and filed with, the Bankruptcy Court jointly by the Debtors and Defendants (the "Proposed Settlement"). The Proposed Settlement would be effected together with the plan of reorganization, in accordance with the following schedule: (x) the Proposed Settlement and plan of reorganization, and other relevant documents, would be filed with the Bankruptcy Court by May 24, 2019, (y) the parties would use their best efforts to have the Proposed Settlement approved by the Bankruptcy Court by June 7, 2019, and (z) the parties would use their best efforts to have a confirmation hearing for approval of the plan of reorganization by the Bankruptcy Court held on or before June 21, 2019.
On June 5, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court approved an agreement memorializing the Proposed Settlement (the "Settlement
Agreement") and a debtor-in-possession credit agreement (the "DIP Financing"). The plan of reorganization for the Chapter
11 Cases, which implements the Settlement Agreements and the DIP Financing (the "Plan of Reorganization") was confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court on June 19, 2019.
Subsequent Event
On September 16, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case.
Repayment and Termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
On August 16, 2019, the Company entered into the Subscription Agreement, in connection with the Commitment Letter, pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain all of its general partnership interests (collectively, the " WE Investment"). Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests.
The proceeds of the WE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, and (ii) the DIP Financing extended by CLMG, as agent, and LNV, as lender, to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to the Master Termination Agreement. The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington also entered into (i) the Pledge Agreement pursuant to which it pledged the 27.5% limited partnership interests of White Eagle owned by it to Palomino and certain other secured parties in support of the payment and indemnification obligations described above, and (ii) the Assumption Agreement pursuant to which Lamington assumed all liabilities and obligations of White Eagle and WEGP as of the closing date of the Transactions, and Lamington, the Company and WEGP agreed to terminate, waive and release any intercompany debt, obligations and liabilities of White Eagle to Lamington, the Company and WEGP. On August 16, 2019, Emergent entered into the Indemnification Agreement pursuant to which it indemnified Wilmington Trust, National Association against claims and liabilities that may arise in relation to policies that have matured prior to the Closing Date but as to which Wilmington Trust, National Association has historically held title as securities intermediary.
Other Litigation
Other litigation is defined as smaller claims or litigations that are neither individually nor collectively material. It does not include lawsuits that relate to collections.
The Company is party to various other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, separate from normal course accounts receivable collections matters. Due to the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these litigations and other legal proceedings, the Company cannot predict the eventual outcome of these matters, and it is reasonably possible that some of them could be resolved unfavorably to the Company. As a result, it is possible that the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in a particular fiscal period could be materially affected by an unfavorable resolution of pending litigation or contingencies. However, the Company believes that the resolution of these other proceedings will not, based on information currently available, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
58
(19) Stockholders’ Deficit/Equity
The Company has reserved an aggregate of 12,600,000 shares of common stock under its Omnibus Plan, pursuant to which, as of August 31, 2019, options to purchase 85,000 shares of common stock granted to existing employees were outstanding, 100,000 shares of stock appreciation rights had been granted to a director and were fully vested and outstanding, 633,215 shares of restricted stock had been granted to directors and were fully vested, 2,270,000 shares of restricted stock units had been granted to certain employees, with a total of 1,083,333 shares subject to vesting. Approximately 1,186,667 shares have been vested since granted. There were 9,511,785 securities remaining for future issuance under the Omnibus Plan as of August 31, 2019.
On September 1, 2015, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized a $10.0 million share and note repurchase program. The program had a two-year expiration date, and authorized the Company to repurchase up to $10.0 million of its common stock and/or its Convertible Notes due 2019. During 2015, the Company purchased 608,000 shares for a total cost of approximately $2.5 million, which is an average cost of $4.17 per share, including transaction fees. As of December 31, 2017, the repurchase program has terminated.
59
Warrants
In connection with a settlement of class action litigation arising in connection with the investigation by the U.S. Attorney's Office for District of New Hampshire ("USAO") into the Company's now legacy premium finance business (the "USAO Investigation"), the Company issued warrants to purchase 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s stock into an escrow account in April of 2014. The estimated fair value as of the measurement date of such warrants was $5.4 million, which is included in stockholders’ equity. The warrants were distributed in October 2014 and have a five-year term from the date they were distributed to the class participants with an exercise price of $10.75. The Company is obligated to file a registration statement to register the shares underlying the warrants with the SEC if shares of the Company’s common stock have an average daily trading closing price of at least $8.50 per share for a 45 day period. The warrants will be exercisable upon effectiveness of the registration statement.
On July 28, 2017, in connection with the recapitalization transaction, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to certain investors to purchase up to an aggregate of 42,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.20 per share (the "Warrant Shares"). The warrants shall vest and become exercisable as follows: (i) with respect to 17,500,000 Warrant Shares, immediately upon the issuance of the warrants, and (ii) with respect to the remaining 25,000,000 Warrant Shares, at later times tied to the conversion of the Company’s Convertible Notes and New Convertible Notes (each as defined below) outstanding on July 28, 2017 into shares of the Company’s common stock or, if earlier, upon the date that all Convertible Notes or New Convertible Notes are no longer outstanding. The warrants have an eight year term. The Warrant are subject to anti-dilution adjustment provisions.
Recapitalization Transactions
On July 28, 2017, the Company consummated a series of integrated transactions to effect a recapitalization of the Company (the "Transaction Closing") pursuant to the Master Transaction Agreements.
Common Stock Purchase Agreement
In connection with the Transaction Closing, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Stock Purchase Agreement") by and among the Company, PJC, certain investors jointly designated by PJC and Triax Capital Advisors LLC, a New York limited liability company ("Triax"), to be party to the Stock Purchase Agreement (collectively, the "Common Stock Investors"), and certain Convertible Note Holders that were a party to the Stock Purchase Agreement (collectively, the "Convertible Note Holder Purchasers," and together with PJC and the Common Stock Investors, the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company issued and sold to the Purchasers 115,000,000 shares (the "Stock Purchase Agreement Shares") of the Company’s Common Stock at a price of $0.20 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $23.0 million, of which PJC and the Common Stock Investors purchased 75,000,000 Stock Purchase Agreement Shares for an aggregate purchase price of $15.0 million and the Convertible Note Holder Purchasers, pursuant to the previously announced rights offering which expired on July 26, 2017, purchased 40,000,000 Stock Purchase Agreement Shares for an aggregate purchase price of $8.0 million, of which PJC purchased 19,320,038 shares in connection with the exercise of rights assigned to it by certain Convertible Note Holder Purchasers. The Stock Purchase Agreement contained customary representations, warranties, and covenants.
In August 2017, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Securities Purchase Agreement") by and between the Company and Brennan Opportunities Fund I LP ("Brennan"). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, Brennan purchased from the Company 12,500,000 shares (the "Brennan Shares") of Common Stock at a price of $0.40 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $5.0 million.
Articles Amendment
Effective on July 17, 2017, the Company filed an Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (the "Articles Amendment") to increase the authorized Common Stock from 80,000,000 shares to 415,000,000 shares. As previously disclosed, the Articles Amendment was approved by the Company’s shareholders at the Company’s 2017 Annual Meeting. The adoption of the Articles Amendment results in a greater number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance.
Change in Significant Holders
As a result of the consummation of the Master Transaction Agreements, on the date of the Transaction Closing, a change in significant holders of the Company's common stock occurred. PJC and Triax, together with certain of their affiliates,
60
acquired beneficial ownership of approximately 38.9% of the then outstanding Common Stock, based on their aggregate acquisition of 39,320,038 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase 27,150,000 shares of Common Stock. Other investors designated by PJC and Triax acquired beneficial ownership of approximately 43.6% of the then outstanding Common Stock, based on their aggregate acquisition of 55,000,000 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase 13,350,000 shares of Common Stock. Additionally, pursuant to the Board Designation Agreements, PJC and Triax designated two of seven directors to the Company’s Board, two other investors designated a third new director and a fourth new director, and a fifth new director was designated by a holder of New Convertible Notes, collectively resulting in a change in the majority of the Company’s Board.
(20) Income Taxes
The Company’s provision for income taxes from continuing operations is estimated to result in an effective tax rate of 15.99% as of August 31, 2019 and a total tax expense of approximately $3.2 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2019. The Company’s effective tax rate is principally impacted by expected income inclusions under the GILTI tax regime, limitations imposed on the use of historical NOLs, and interest expense limitations under IRC Sec. 264(a)(4) that are expected to apply when determining tested income for the GILTI inclusion. As a result of the WE Investment (described below), the Company must now rely on information from the Manager in order to reasonably forecast and project taxable income related to its distributive share of White Eagle. As the forecasted allocable share of taxable income from the WE investment represents a significant portion of the Company’s expected taxable income, the Company is currently working with the Manager to obtain reasonable forecasts that can be used for purposes of applying the annual effective tax rate method to computing the overall tax provision. As such, in accordance with ASC 740 principles, the Company’s tax provision recorded to date is based on actual results through August 31, 2019. The Company believes this approach most fairly represents its income tax provision as of August 31, 2019.
Based on the Company’s evaluation, a deferred tax valuation allowance was established against its net deferred tax assets. In its evaluation, management considers taxable loss carryback availability, expectations of sufficient future taxable income, trends in earnings, existence of taxable income in recent years, the future reversal of temporary differences, and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented, if required. Valuation allowances are established based on the consideration of all available evidence using a more likely than not standard. This valuation allowance was determined to be necessary as an offset to the full amount of the federal and state deferred tax asset. During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, the Company does not expect that position to change and therefore is not recording any income tax benefit.
For tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 under certain circumstances, Section 245A enacted by the TCJA eliminated U.S. federal income tax on dividends received from foreign subsidiaries of domestic corporations under a new participation exemption. However, the TCJA also created a new tax on certain foreign income under new Section 951A. Specifically, for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, income earned in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets held by a CFC (the excess referred to as "GILTI") must generally be included as U.S. taxable income on a current basis by its U.S. shareholders. In general, the gross income inclusion can be offset by a deduction in an amount up to 50% of the inclusion (through the end of 2025, thereafter the deduction is reduced to 37.5%) subject to certain limitations.
The Company changed the tax year of its U.S. parent (Emergent Capital, Inc.) from December 31st to November 30th coupled with a concurrent change to the tax year of Lamington, its wholly-owned Irish subsidiary. The change was timely made by filing Form 1128, Application to Adopt, Change, or Retain a Tax Year, in accordance with Rev. Proc. 2006-45 and resulted in a short tax year ended November 30, 2017. The Company timely filed federal and state tax returns for the short period ended November 30, 2017. As a result of the change in tax year, the Company is subject to GILTI for its first tax year beginning on December 1, 2018. Based on the Company’s life settlement assets held within Ireland, the net income generated from these activities qualify entirely as GILTI.
On January 10, 2018 the FASB provided guidance on how to account for deferred tax assets and liabilities expected to reverse in future years as GILTI. The FASB provided that a Company may either (1) elect to treat taxes due on future U.S. inclusions of GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred or (2) factor such amounts into the Company’s measurement of its deferred taxes. For ASC 740 purposes, the Company adopted an accounting policy to treat any future GILTI inclusion as a current-period expense instead of providing for U.S. deferred taxes on all temporary differences related to future GILTI items.
On August 16, 2019, the WE Investment was consummated whereby White Eagle, an indirectly-owned entity of the Company, sold to Palomino a 72.5% limited partnership interest in White Eagle, consisting of newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests. Pursuant to the agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests. For U.S. income tax purposes, this transaction was treated as a contribution by White Eagle of its assets and liabilities to a newly formed partnership in exchange
61
for the 27.5% interest in White Eagle’s capital and profits. The Company recognized no gain or loss as a result of the transaction.
The Company and its subsidiary companies are subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as to income tax in Florida and other states and foreign jurisdictions in which it operates.
(21) Subsequent Events
On September 16, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case.
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting the consolidated operating results, financial condition, liquidity, and cash flows of our Company as of and for the periods presented below and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes included with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion contains forward looking statements that are based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed in or implied by forward looking statements as a result of various factors. See "Forward Looking Statements."
Business Overview
Incorporated in Florida, Emergent Capital, through its subsidiaries, owns two life insurance policies, also referred to as life settlements, with a fair value of $1.3 million and an aggregate death benefit of approximately $12.0 million at August 31, 2019. Additionally, through a subsidiary, the Company owns a 27.5% equity investment, having an estimated fair value of approximately $132.3 million at August 31, 2019, in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, LP ("White Eagle"), which was previously a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that holds a portfolio of life settlements. The Company primarily earns income through change in fair value and death benefits from these two polices and change in fair value and distributions from its equity investment in White Eagle.
The Company has incurred substantial losses and reported negative cash flows from operating activities of $8.5 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and $32.6 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2018. As of August 31, 2019, we had approximately $8.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of $508,000; of this amount, approximately $8.8 million is available to pay premiums on the two unencumbered policies for which such expenses will approximate $45,000 in 2019 and other overhead expenses.
Liquidity
The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to meet its liquidity needs through a combination of factors including but not limited to, the receipt of distributions from its investment in its equity investment in White Eagle Asset Portfolio, strategic capital market raises and cash on hand.
As of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, we had approximately $26.8 million of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of certificates of deposit of $511,000. In considering our forecast for the next twelve months with the current cash balance as of the filing of this Form 10-Q, the Company has sufficient resources to meet its liquidity needs for the foreseeable future.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments that might result from uncertainty about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
62
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility Events
Repayment and Termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
On August 16, 2019, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the "Subscription Agreement") with Lamington Road ("Class B Limited Partner"), White Eagle, WEGP ("Withdrawing General Partner"), and Palomino JV, L.P. ("Palomino" or "Class A Limited Partner"), in connection with the commitment letter signed on June 22, 2019 with Jade Mountain Partners, LLC ("Jade Mountain"), pursuant to which White Eagle sold to Palomino 72.5% of its limited partnership interests, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class A and Class D interests, and WEGP sold to an affiliate of Jade Mountain (the "Manager") all of its general partnership interests (collectively, the "WE Investment") for a purchase price of approximately $366.2 million and $8.0 million for the Class A and Class D interests, respectively. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, Lamington received 27.5% of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, consisting of all of the newly issued and outstanding Class B interests in exchange for all of its previously owned White Eagle limited partnership interests with a value of approximately $138.9 million on the closing date.
The proceeds of the WE Investment were used to satisfy in full (i) the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility , and (ii) DIP Financing extended by CLMG Corp., as Administrative Agent ("CLMG"), as agent, and LNV, LNV Corporation, as Lender ("LNV"), to White Eagle, each in connection with the termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the release of the related liens on the collateral thereunder pursuant to a Master Termination Agreement dated as of August 16 2019 among WEGP, Lamington, White Eagle, Markley Asset Portfolio, LLC, CLMG, as administrative agent, LNV, as initial lender, Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacities as securities intermediary, custodian and agent, and Palomino (the "Master Termination Agreement"). The repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and the termination of the DIP Financing, which had not been drawn against, were in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization for Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle approved by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "Bankruptcy Court") with respect to the previously announced voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code of Lamington, WEGP and White Eagle (the "Chapter 11 Cases").
The WE Investment was consummated, and the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was paid off in full and terminated, on August 16, 2019. The payoff totaled $402.5 million, which included payment directly to CLMG by Palomino of $374.2 million and payment to CLMG by White Eagle of $28.3 million, collectively sufficient to repay, under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the outstanding principal of $368.0 million, accrued and unpaid interest of $21.3 million plus, under the Plan of Reorganization, an early payment amount due to LNV of $7.4 million and lender-allowed claims of $5.8 million. Of the $374.2 million purchase price, $8.0 million was allocated to the Class D interests which amount is to be repaid in accordance with the distribution terms of the amended and restated Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle.
White Eagle received proceeds of approximately $366.2 million towards the sale of 72.5% of its life settlement and recognize gains of approximately $21.3 million which is included in gains on sale of life settlements in the condensed and consolidated financial statements.
See Note 5, "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements for Entities in Bankruptcy", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, White Eagle experienced maturity of 18 life insurance policies with face amounts totaling $100.4 million, resulting in a net gain of approximately $70.3 million. The gains related to these maturities are included in income from changes in the fair value of life settlements in the deconsolidated subsidiaries statements of operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2019. Proceeds from maturities totaling $92.5 million were received during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and were used solely for the purposes permitted under the budget approved by the Bankruptcy Court including repayment of the outstanding debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
See Note 12, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Investment in Limited Partnership Events
In connection with the Investment, the White Eagle Limited Partnership Agreement of White Eagle was amended and restated (the "A&R LPA") to provide for the issuance of the Class A, B and D limited partnership interests, and for funding of an "Advance Facility" to maintain reserves sufficient to fund premiums, certain operating expenses of White Eagle and certain minimum payments to Lamington as the holder of the Class B interest holders. Pursuant to the A&R LPA, holders of Class A
63
interests are entitled to receive distributions on the amounts paid or contributed by them in relation to the Investment and funding of the Advance Facility after payment of premiums on the portfolio policies and other fees and expenses. The A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and Class B Interests receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately $8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and $4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years, provided that, commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilize to satisfy the Class D Return of $8.0 million, which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of $2.0 million or 11% per annum on such $8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such Class D Return. The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distribution as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility) and to any indemnification payments, if any, due to such holders and related indemnified persons pursuant to the indemnities afforded them in and in relation to the A&R LPA, Subscription Agreement, Master Termination Agreement and related documents. As of the closing of the Investment, Lamington Bermuda resigned as manager of the portfolio and was replaced by Jade Mountain or an affiliate thereof.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington also entered into (i) a pledge agreement (the "Pledge Agreement") pursuant to which it pledged the 27.5% limited partnership interests of White Eagle owned by it to Palomino and certain other secured parties in support of the payment and indemnification obligations described above, and (ii) an assumption agreement among White Eagle, Lamington, the Company and WEGP (the "Assumption Agreement") pursuant to which Lamington assumed all liabilities and obligations of White Eagle and WEGP as of the closing date of the Transactions, and Lamington, the Company and WEGP agreed to terminate, waive and release any intercompany debt, obligations and liabilities of White Eagle to Lamington, the Company and WEGP. On August 16, 2019, Emergent entered into an indemnification agreement (the "Indemnification Agreement") pursuant to which it indemnified Wilmington Trust, National Association against claims and liabilities that may arise in relation to policies that have matured prior to the Closing Date but as to which Wilmington Trust, National Association has historically held title as securities intermediary.
On August 16, 2019, Lamington's capital contribution to White Eagle was an estimated fair value of approximately $138.9 million. The Company performed a valuation at August 31, 2019 resulting in a value of approximately $132.3 million.
Critical Accounting Policies
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. We base our judgments, estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. We evaluate our judgments, estimates and assumptions on a regular basis and make changes accordingly. We believe that the judgments, estimates and assumptions involved in the accounting for income taxes, the valuation of life settlements, the valuation of the debt owing under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility have the greatest potential impact on our financial statements and accordingly believe these to be our critical accounting estimates.
Fair Value Measurement Guidance
We follow ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value as an exit price representing the amount that would be received if an asset were sold or that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the guidance establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. Level 1 relates to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 relates to observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1. Level 3 relates to unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Our investments in life insurance policies, investment in limited partnership and White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility debt are considered Level 3 as there is currently no active market where we are able to observe quoted prices for identical assets/liabilities and our valuation model incorporates significant inputs that are not observable. See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements" of the notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of our fair value measurement.
64
Fair Value Option
We have elected to account for life settlements using the fair value method. The fair value of the asset is the estimated amount that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We calculate the fair value of the asset using a present value technique to estimate the fair value of its life settlements. The Company currently uses a probabilistic method of valuing life insurance policies, which the Company believes to be the preferred valuation method in the industry. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. See Note 10, "Life Settlements (Life Insurance Policies)" and Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements" of the notes to consolidated financial statements for further information.
We have elected to account for the investment in limited partnership using the fair value method. We calculate the fair value of the investment using a present value technique to estimate the fair value the limited partnership investment. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured for the life insurance policies that are held by the partnership, the stipulated rate of return by the Class A Holder of the partnership, repayment of advances made by the Class A holder on the Company's behalf, distributions to the Company and the discount rate. See Note 11, "Investment in Limited Partnership" and Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements" of the notes to consolidated financial statements for further information.
We have elected to account for the debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, which includes the interest in policy proceeds to the lender, using the fair value method. The fair value of the debt is the estimated amount that would have to be paid to transfer the debt to a market participant in an orderly transaction. We calculated the fair value of the debt using a discounted cash flow model taking into account the stated interest rate of the credit facility and probabilistic cash flows from the pledged policies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, our estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we, or holders of the instruments, could realize in a current market exchange. The most significant assumptions are the estimates of life expectancy of the insured and the discount rate. The use of assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair values.
Income Recognition
Our primary sources of income are in the form of changes in fair value of life settlements, gains on life settlements, net, change in fair value of investment in limited partnership and distributions from limited partnership. Our income recognition policies for this source of income is as follows:
• | Changes in Fair Value of Life Settlements—When we acquire certain life insurance policies, we initially record these investments at the transaction price, which is the fair value of the policy for those acquired upon relinquishment or the amount paid for policies acquired for cash. The fair value of the investment in insurance policies is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of the investment based on evaluations are recorded as changes in fair value of life settlements in our consolidated statement of operations. The fair value is determined on a discounted cash flow basis that incorporates current life expectancy assumptions. The discount rate incorporates current information about market interest rates, the credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and our estimate of the risk premium an investor in the policy would require. The Company recognizes income from life settlement maturities on the date we are in receipt of death notice or verified obituary of the insured. This income is the difference between the death benefits and fair values of the policy at the time of maturity. |
• | Change in Fair Value of Investment in Limited Partnership — ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities requires that a reporting entity should account for its equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity method at fair value, with changes to fair value recorded in current earnings. White Eagle previously valued its life settlement policies at fair value whose valuation are based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. The Company now holds an equity investment of 27.5% in White Eagle whose only assets are these life settlement. Additionally, the investment includes a mezzanine financing which the Company assumed at closing which repayment by, and ultimate distributions to, the Company are based on a prescribed waterfall with a guaranteed 11% return to the majority owner partner. Given the nature of this ownership, fair value is not readily redeemable and inputs are not observable. The Company recognizes income from monthly distribution from the partnership as prescribed by the Subscription Agreement. |
65
Deferred Debt Costs
Deferred debt costs include costs incurred in connection with acquiring and maintaining debt arrangements. These costs are directly deducted from the carrying amount of the liability in the consolidated balance sheets, are amortized over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method and are classified as interest expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. These deferred costs are related to the Company's 8.5% Convertible Notes, 5% Convertible Notes and 8.5% Senior Secured Notes. The Company did not recognize any deferred debt costs on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility given all costs were expensed due to electing the fair value option in valuing the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under ASC 740, deferred income taxes are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of enacted tax laws. Deferred income tax provisions and benefits are based on changes to the assets or liabilities from year to year. In providing for deferred taxes, we consider tax regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate, estimates of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies. If tax regulations, operating results or the ability to implement tax-planning strategies varies, adjustments to the carrying value of the deferred tax assets and liabilities may be required. Valuation allowances are based on the "more likely than not" criteria of ASC 740.
The accounting for uncertain tax positions guidance under ASC 740 requires that we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. We recognize interest and penalties (if any) on uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.
Stock-Based Compensation
We have adopted ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. ASC 718 addresses accounting for share-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock, performance shares and warrants, with compensation expense measured using fair value and recorded over the requisite service or performance period of the award. The fair value of equity instruments will be determined based on a valuation using an option pricing model that takes into account various assumptions that are subjective. Key assumptions used in the valuation will include the expected term of the equity award taking into account both the contractual term of the award, the effects of expected exercise and post-vesting termination behavior, expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the award. Compensation expense associated with performance shares is only recognized to the extent that it is probable the performance measurement will be met.
Held-for-sale and discontinued operations
The Company reports a business as held-for-sale when management has approved or received approval to sell the business and is committed to a formal plan, the business is available for immediate sale, the business is being actively marketed, the sale is anticipated to occur during the ensuing year and certain other specified criteria are met. A business classified as held-for-sale is recorded at the lower of its carrying amount or estimated fair value less cost to sell. If the carrying amount of the business exceeds its estimated fair value, a loss is recognized. Depreciation is not recorded on assets of a business classified as held-for-sale. Assets and liabilities related to a business classified as held-for-sale are segregated in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and major classes are separately disclosed in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements commencing in the period in which the business is classified as held-for-sale. The Company reports the results of operations of a business as discontinued operations if the business is classified as held-for-sale, the operations and cash flows of the business have been or will be eliminated from the ongoing operations of the Company as a result of a disposal transaction and the Company will not have any significant continuing involvement in the operations of the business after the disposal transaction. The results of discontinued operations are reported in Discontinued Operations in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for current and prior periods commencing in the period in which the business meets the criteria of a discontinued operation, and include any gain or loss recognized on closing or adjustment of the carrying amount to fair value less cost to sell. During the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company sold substantially all of our structured settlements business. As a result, the Company has classified its structured settlement operating results as discontinued operations.
66
Foreign Currency
The Company owns certain foreign subsidiaries formed under the laws of Ireland, Bahamas and Bermuda. These foreign subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. The foreign subsidiaries' financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and therefore, there are no translation gains and losses resulting from translating the financial statements at exchange rates other than the functional currency. Any gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions (transactions denominated in a currency other than the subsidiaries' functional currency) are included in income. These gains and losses are immaterial to the Company's financial statements.
Deconsolidation
Lamington and its subsidiaries’ (White Eagle and WEGP) filing for reorganization was a reconsideration event for Emergent Capital to reevaluate whether consolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries (White Eagle, WEGP and Lamington Road Bermuda Limited and together with Lamington, the “Deconsolidated Entities" continued to be appropriate. Under ASC 810, Consolidation, specifically ASC 810-10-15, consolidation of a majority-owned subsidiary is precluded where control does not rest with the majority owners, for instance, where the subsidiary is in legal reorganization or bankruptcy. Accordingly, when a subsidiary files for bankruptcy, it is appropriate for the parent to deconsolidate the subsidiary. Under ASC 810, this loss of control would likely trigger a gain or loss for the parent as the parent would remeasure its retained noncontrolling investment at fair value. We assessed the inherent uncertainties associated with the outcome of the Chapter 11 reorganization process and the anticipated duration thereof, and concluded that it was appropriate to deconsolidate Lamington and its subsidiaries effective on the Petition Date. Effective August 17, 2019, the entities were deemed to have emerged from bankruptcy and were no longer deconsolidated.
Lamington and WEGP had pledged their respective interests in White Eagle to secure its obligations under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. With the termination of the facility, this pledge was released. There were no outstanding third party liabilities for either Lamington or WEGP at August 16, 2019 besides intercompany obligations to Emergent.
On September 16, 2019, subsequent to the quarter end, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP case were not yet dismissed as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q.
Although the final decree was filed after the quarter end, August 16, 2019 is considered to be the reconsideration date which is the date all material unresolved conditions precedent to the plan becoming binding are resolved. This date is also considered the consolidation date for both Lamington and WEGP given the pledge of their interest in White Eagle was also terminated and there were no outstanding third party liabilities pending.
ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities was effective for calendar year-end public business entities in 2018. Under the new guidance, a reporting entity should account for its equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity method at fair value, with changes to fair value recorded in current earnings. Lamington's main subsidiary, White Eagle, carries its life settlements policies and debt under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility at fair value, these valuations are based on inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. As a result, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01 to value its investment in Lamington during the eleven months ended November 30, 2018. The calculation was performed consistent with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings.
Related Party Relationship
Upon filing for Chapter 11 and the subsequent deconsolidation, transactions with Lamington are no longer eliminated in consolidation and are treated as related party transactions for Emergent Capital up to August 16, 2019. See Note 5 "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements For Entities in Bankruptcy" for all transactions between Emergent Capital and Lamington.
Accounting Changes
Note 3, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements," of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements discusses accounting standards adopted in 2019, as well as accounting standards recently issued but not yet required to be adopted and the expected impact of these changes in accounting standards. Any material impact of adoption is discussed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
67
Selected Operating Data (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended August 31, | Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||
�� | ||||||||||||||||
End of Period — Policies Owned | ||||||||||||||||
Number of policies owned | 2 | 591 | 2 | 591 | ||||||||||||
Average age of insured | 78.4 | 84.1 | 78.4 | 84.1 | ||||||||||||
Average death benefit per policy | $ | 6,000 | $ | 4,739 | $ | 6,000 | $ | 4,739 | ||||||||
Average Life Expectancy — Calculated LE (Years) | 11.6 | 7.9 | 11.6 | 7.9 | ||||||||||||
Aggregate Death Benefit | $ | 12,000 | $ | 2,800,613 | $ | 12,000 | $ | 2,800,613 | ||||||||
Aggregate fair value | $ | 1,254 | $ | 575,837 | $ | 1,254 | $ | 575,837 | ||||||||
Monthly premium — average per policy | $ | 7.7 | $ | 13.8 | $ | 7.7 | $ | 13.8 | ||||||||
Period Maturities | ||||||||||||||||
Number of policies matured | — | 3 | — | 15 | ||||||||||||
Average age of insured at maturity | — | 89.2 | — | 89.2 | ||||||||||||
Average life expectancy - Calculated LE (Years) | — | 2.7 | — | 2.7 | ||||||||||||
Aggregate death benefit | $ | — | $ | 14,250 | $ | — | $ | 68,185 | ||||||||
Gains on maturity | $ | — | $ | 7,115 | $ | — | $ | 35,114 | ||||||||
Proceeds collected | $ | — | $ | 20,500 | $ | — | $ | 52,304 | ||||||||
White Eagle Portfolio - Deconsolidated* | ||||||||||||||||
Period Maturities | ||||||||||||||||
Number of policies matured | 6 | — | 18 | — | ||||||||||||
Average age of insured at maturity | 87.4 | — | 86.1 | — | ||||||||||||
Average life expectancy - Calculated LE (Years) | 3.6 | — | 5.9 | — | ||||||||||||
Aggregate death benefit | $ | 31,768 | $ | — | $ | 100,374 | $ | — | ||||||||
Gains on maturity | $ | 19,999 | $ | — | $ | 70,300 | $ | — | ||||||||
Proceeds collected | $ | 60,163 | $ | — | $ | 92,505 | $ | — |
*Information for deconsolidation is included up to August 16, 2019
Results of Operations
The following is our analysis of the results of operations for the periods indicated below. This analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements, including the related notes to the financial statements.
On September 7, 2018, the Board of Directors adopted resolutions to change the Company’s fiscal year end, and therefore the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries changed their fiscal year ends, from December 31 to November 30, effective immediately. The Company filed a Transition Report on Form 10-KT in accordance with SEC rules and regulations for the fiscal period ended November 30, 2018 covering transactions from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2018. This Form 10-Q cover the period June 1, 2019 to August 31, 2019 compared to June 1, 2018 to August 31, 2018. As a result, the Form 10-Q will not be comparable to the results filed for the third quarter of 2018 covering July 1, 2018 to September 30, 2018.
Additionally, as a result of our subsidiaries' Chapter 11 Cases, Lamington's and its subsidiaries' (White Eagle, WEGP and Lamington Road Bermuda Limited), financial results are included in the Company’s consolidated results through November 13, 2018, the day prior to the Petition Date. However, ASC 810, Consolidation require that an entity whose financial statements were previously consolidated with those of its parent that files for protection under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, whether solvent or insolvent, generally must be prospectively deconsolidated from the parent and presented as an equity investment. Therefore, our 2019 results are not comparable with 2018, and the post-petition results are not included in our consolidated results for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 which ended August 16, 2019. The results of White Eagle represented the Company's core
68
business, and although the results are deconsolidated, the Company will analyze significant activities for the deconsolidated subsidiaries up to the point of deemed closure of the bankruptcy case of August 16, 2019.
Our results of operations are discussed below in three parts: (i) our consolidated results of continuing operations for 2019 compared to 2018, (ii) our results of deconsolidated subsidiaries for 2019 up to August 16, 2019, and (iii) our results of discontinued operations 2019 compared to 2018.
Results of Continuing Operations - Consolidated Subsidiaries
Three Months Ended August 31, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended August 31, 2018
Net income from continued operations for the quarter ended August 31, 2019 was $80.2 million as compared to a net loss of $2.3 million for the same period last year. The following is our analysis for the period.
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Income | $ | 86,858 | $ | 5,557 | $ | 81,301 | 1,463 | % | increase | ||||||||
Expenses | 6,662 | 4,756 | 1,906 | 40 | % | increase | |||||||||||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes | (5 | ) | 3,094 | (3,099 | ) | (100 | )% | decrease | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 80,201 | $ | (2,293 | ) | $ | 82,494 | (3,598 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Income from continuing operations for the three months ended August 31, 2019 was significantly impacted by the consolidation of Lamington and related subsidiaries due to the deemed closure of the Chapter 11 Cases on August 16, 2019 with the repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Income for 2018 mainly includes net gain on maturity of $7.1 million which is attributable to three policies maturity.
Approximately $96.7 million included in income represents an increase of our investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries, the amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. On September 16, 2019, subsequent to the quarter end, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and a final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP case were not yet dismissed as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q. However pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP as of August 17, 2019 was appropriate. The Company further evaluated its investment at August 16, 2019 and recognized a gain of approximately $96.7 million, which amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The amount is associated with gains incurred by Lamington for the period up to August 16, 2019 in considering the proceeds received through the transactions for the subscription agreement, the actual payoff of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and all other third party claims.
Total expenses from continuing operations for the three months ended August 31, 2019 were mainly comprised of interest expense of approximately $1.3 million on the 5% Convertible Notes, $1.5 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and $22,000 on the 8.5% Convertible Notes.
Total expenses from continuing operations for the three months ended August 31, 2018 were mainly comprised of interest expense on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of $5.8 million, $1.3 million on the 5% Convertible Notes, $828,000 on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and $46,000 on the 8.5% Convertible Notes; offset by a change in the fair value gain for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of $7.0 million.
69
Change in fair value of life settlements (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of life settlements | $ | (42 | ) | $ | 5,404 | $ | (5,446 | ) | (101 | )% | decrease | ||||||
During the three months ended August 31, 2018, three life insurance policies with face amounts totaling $14.3 million matured. The net gain of these maturities was $7.1 million and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2018. Of these maturities all served as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Proceeds from maturities totaling $20.6 million were received during the three months ended August 31, 2018. Approximately $12.8 million in policy proceeds were utilized to repay interest and credit facility expenses under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility during the three months ended August 31, 2018. There were no maturities for the consolidated entities for the three months ended August 31, 2019.
Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by the Company in respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds’ health increased, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies.
Of these two policies owned as of August 31, 2019, all were previously premium financed and are valued using discount rates that range from 13.25% to 15.25%.
As of August 31, 2019, we owned 2 policies with an estimated fair value of $1.3 million compared to 2 policies with an estimated fair value of $1.2 million at November 30, 2018.
See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership | $ | (5,821 | ) | $ | — | $ | (5,821 | ) | 100 | % | decrease | ||||||
On August 16, 2019, Lamington's capital contribution to White Eagle was an estimated fair value of approximately $138.9 million. The Company performed a valuation at August 31, 2019 resulting in a value of approximately $132.3 million using an estimated discount rate if approximately 15.03%. This resulted in a change in fair value of approximately $5.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2019.
See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurement", to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Expenses (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | $ | 2,832 | $ | 7,979 | $ | (5,147 | ) | (65 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | — | (7,037 | ) | 7,037 | (100 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
SG&A expenses | 3,830 | 3,814 | 16 | — | % | increase | |||||||||||
Total Expenses | $ | 6,662 | $ | 4,756 | $ | 1,906 | 40 | % | increase | ||||||||
70
Interest expense (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | $ | — | $ | 5,844 | $ | (5,844 | ) | (100 | )% | decrease | |||||||
8.5% Convertible Notes | 22 | 46 | (24 | ) | (52 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
5% Convertible Notes | 1,281 | 1,259 | 22 | 2 | % | increase | |||||||||||
8.5% Senior Secured Notes | 1,526 | 828 | 698 | 84 | % | increase | |||||||||||
Other | 3 | 2 | 1 | 50 | % | increase | |||||||||||
Total Interest Expense | $ | 2,832 | $ | 7,979 | $ | (5,147 | ) | (65 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Outstanding debt for the quarter ended August 31, 2019 included $75.8 million of 5% Convertible Notes and $46.5 million of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes.
The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility interest expense shows a decrease of approximately $5.8 million which is attributable to the deconsolidation of subsidiaries.
The Company recorded $22,000 of interest expense on the 8.5% Convertible Notes, during the three months ended August 31, 2019. The 8.5% Convertible Notes were repaid during the period.
During the three months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded $1.3 million of interest expense on the 5% Convertible Notes, which included $948,000, $290,000 and $43,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively.
During the three months ended August 31, 2019, the Company recorded approximately $1.5 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which included $1.3 million of interest, $76,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs and $152,000 of amortizing of debt discount. Amounts for 2019 are higher than in previous periods due to an increase in the outstanding principal balance.
Of the interest expense of $8.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2018, approximately $5.8 million of interest expense was attributable to the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in the principal balance of the facility and an increase in the LIBOR floor from 1.5% to 2.11% at August 31, 2018.
The Company recorded approximately $46,000 of interest expense on the 8.5% Convertible Notes, which included, $25,000, $18,000 and $3,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively, during the three months ended August 31, 2018.
The Company recorded approximately $1.3 million on the 5% Convertible Notes, which included $948,000, $271,000 and $40,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, respectively, during the three months ended August 31, 2018, respectively.
The Company recorded approximately $828,000 of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, during the three months ended August 31, 2018 which included $760,000 of interest and $68,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively, during the three months ended August 31, 2018.
See Notes 12, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility," 13, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," 14, "5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," and 15 "8.5% Senior Secured Notes," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
71
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | $ | — | $ | (7,037 | ) | $ | 7,037 | 100 | % | decrease | |||||||
At August 31, 2018, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred a gain of approximately $7.0 million. During the three months ended August 31, 2018, the fair value was impacted by increased borrowings and the lengthening of life expectancies certain insureds' underlying policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and a slight increase in the discount rates.
See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Personnel costs | $ | 694 | $ | 800 | $ | (106 | ) | (13 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Legal fees | 1,448 | 552 | 896 | 162 | % | increase | |||||||||||
Professional fees | 1,142 | 1,875 | (733 | ) | (39 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Insurance | 270 | 193 | 77 | 40 | % | increase | |||||||||||
Other SG&A expenses | 276 | 394 | (118 | ) | (30 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Total SG&A Expenses | $ | 3,830 | $ | 3,814 | $ | 16 | — | % | increase | ||||||||
Changes in operating expenses was primarily a result of a decrease in professional fees of $733,000, a decrease in personnel costs of $106,000 a decrease in other operating expenses of $118,000 offset by an increase in legal expense of $896,000.
Results of Operations for Deconsolidated Subsidiaries (in thousands)
Net income from deconsolidated operations was $40.4 million and comprise the below:
Three Months Ended August 31, 2019 | ||||
Income | $ | 50,018 | ||
Expenses | 9,620 | |||
Net income (loss) | $ | 40,398 | ||
Total income for the deconsolidated subsidiaries was $50.0 million and mainly comprised gain on maturity of $20.0 million which is attributable to six policies maturity, gain on sale of life settlement of approximately $21.3 million associated with the sale of the assets in White Eagle, change in fair value gain of investment in limited partnership of approximately $15.4 million which is attributable to the pickup in value for the assets contributed at closing of the subscription agreement on August 16, 2019, offset by change in fair value of life settlements loss of approximately $13.0 million.
Total expense was $9.6 million and was significantly impacted by interest expense of $23.3 million due to the repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $7.4 million associated with the early repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, reorganization cost of $4.8 million, legal fees of $158,000 and professional fees of $659,000, offset by change in fair value gain for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of approximately $26.6 million.
72
Change in fair value of life settlements - Deconsolidated Subsidiaries
For the period up to August 16, 2019, our deconsolidated subsidiaries had change in fair value of life settlements loss of approximately $13.0 million, the amount was impacted by a combination to factors including maturity of six life insurance policies with face amounts totaling $31.8 million. The net gain of these maturities was $20.0 million and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the deconsolidated statements of operations for the quarter ended August 31, 2019. Proceeds from maturities totaling $60.2 million were received during the quarter ended August 31, 2019.
Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by our deconsolidated subsidiaries with respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds’ health improved, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies.
See Note 15 "Fair Value Measurements" to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership
On August 16, 2019, Lamington's capital contribution to White Eagle comprised the fair value of the life settlement assets assigned by the purchaser. The company performed a fair value calculation to include various factors impacting the waterfall distribution as dictated by the subscription agreement, including but not limited to amounts advanced for the Class D Shares, the funding of the premium reserves on the Company's behalf and the expected return by the Class A Shares which is 11%. The Company determined that the fair value was approximately $138.2 million which resulted in a change in fair value gain of approximately $15.4 million at August 16, 2019.
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
As of August 16, 2019, the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred a gain of approximately $26.6 million which is mainly attributable the early repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
Refer to Note 4 "Deconsolidation of Subsidiaries", Note 5 "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements of Entities in Bankruptcy" and Note 6 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities", of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, provided in this report.
Results of Discontinued Operations
Three Months Ended August 31, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended August 31, 2018 (in thousands)
Three Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Total income | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | — | % | — | ||||||||
Total expenses | (70 | ) | 18 | (88 | ) | 489 | % | decrease | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 70 | (18 | ) | 88 | (489 | )% | increase | ||||||||||
Net income (loss), net of income taxes | $ | 70 | $ | (17 | ) | $ | 87 | (512 | )% | increase | |||||||
Net income from our discontinued structured settlement operations for the three months ended August 31, 2019 was $70,000 compared to a net loss of $17,000 for the same quarter in 2018.
Results of Continuing Operations - Consolidated Subsidiaries
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019 Compared to Nine Months Ended August 31, 2018
73
Net income from continued operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 was $16.9 million compared to a loss of $4.3 million for the same period last year. The following is our analysis for the period (in thousands).
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Income | $ | 34,111 | $ | 19,695 | $ | 14,416 | 73 | % | increase | ||||||||
Expenses | 14,023 | 24,169 | (10,146 | ) | (42 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes | 3,213 | (136 | ) | 3,349 | 2,463 | % | increase | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 16,875 | $ | (4,338 | ) | $ | 21,213 | (489 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Net income for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 was consolidation of Lamington and related subsidiaries due to the deemed closure of the Chapter 11 Cases on August 16, 2019 with the repayment and termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Income for 2018 mainly includes net gain on maturity of $35.1 million which is attributable to 15 policies maturity.
Approximately $37.9 million included in income represents an increase of our investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries, the amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. On September 16, 2019, subsequent to the quarter end, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order and a final decree closing the White Eagle Chapter 11 Case. The Lamington and WEGP case were not yet dismissed as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q. However pursuant to ASC 810, Consolidation, management took the position that given that all third party claims had been satisfied in the case, consolidation of Lamington and WEGP as of August 17, 2019 was appropriate. The Company further evaluated its investment at August 16, 2019 and recognized a gain of approximately $96.7 million, which amount is reflected in current earnings as change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries. The amount is associated with gains incurred by Lamington for the period up to August 16, 2019 in considering the proceeds received through the transactions for the subscription agreement, the actual payoff of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility and all other third party claims.
Total expenses from continuing operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 were mainly comprised of interest on the 5% Convertible Notes of $3.8 million, $4.5 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and $93,000 on the 8.5% Convertible Notes.
Total expenses from continuing operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 were mainly comprised of interest expense on the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of $16.7 million, $3.7 million on the 5% Convertible Notes, $2.5 million on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and $138,000 on the 8.5% Convertible Notes; offset by a change in the fair value gain for the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of $11.7 million.
Income for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 was impacted by income tax expense of approximately $3.2 million.
See Note 20, "Income Taxes," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of life settlements (in thousands)
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of life settlements | $ | (37 | ) | $ | 19,299 | $ | (19,336 | ) | (100 | )% | decrease | ||||||
During the nine months ended August 31, 2018, 15 policies with face amounts totaling $68.2 million matured. The net gain of these maturities was $35.1 million and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2018. Of these maturities, all served as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. Proceeds from maturities totaling $52.4 million were received during the nine months ended August 31, 2018. Approximately $44.2 million in policy proceeds were utilized to repay interest and credit facility expenses under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility during the nine months ended August 31, 2018. There were no maturities for the consolidated entities for the nine months ended August 31, 2019.
74
Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by the Company in respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds’ health increased, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies.
Of these two policies owned as of August 31, 2019, all were previously premium financed and are valued using discount rates that range from 13.25% to 15.25%.
As of August 31, 2019, we owned 2 policies with an estimated fair value of $1.3 million compared to 2 policies with an estimated fair value of $1.2 million at November 30, 2018.
See Note 16, Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Expenses (in thousands)
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | $ | 8,370 | $ | 23,398 | $ | (15,028 | ) | (64 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Change in fair value of Revolving Credit Facility | — | (11,663 | ) | 11,663 | (100 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
SG&A expenses | 5,653 | 12,434 | (6,781 | ) | (55 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Total Expense | $ | 14,023 | $ | 24,169 | $ | (10,146 | ) | (42 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Interest expense (in thousands)
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | $ | — | $ | 16,716 | $ | (16,716 | ) | (100 | )% | decrease | |||||||
8.5% Convertible Notes | 93 | 138 | (45 | ) | (33 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
5% Convertible Notes | 3,799 | 3,733 | 66 | 2 | % | increase | |||||||||||
8.5% Senior Secured Notes | 4,469 | 2,461 | 2,008 | 82 | % | increase | |||||||||||
Participation Interest - White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | — | 340 | (340 | ) | (100 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Other | 9 | 10 | (1 | ) | (10 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Total Interest Expense | $ | 8,370 | $ | 23,398 | $ | (15,028 | ) | (64 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Outstanding debt for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 included $75.8 million of 5% Convertible Notes and $46.5 million of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes.
The White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility interest expense shows a decrease of approximately $16.7 million which is attributable to the deconsolidation of subsidiaries.
The Company's outstanding debt decreased by $358.9 million from $481.2 million at August 31, 2018 to $122.3 million at August 31, 2019. The decrease is attributable to the repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of 368.0 million and the 8.5% Convertible Notes of $1.2 million.
Of the interest expense of $8.4 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2019, approximately $3.8 million represents interest paid on the 5% Convertible Notes and $4.5 million represents interest paid on 8.5% Senior Secured Notes.
Interest expense on the 8.5% Convertible Notes totaled $93,000, including $73,000, $18,000 and $3,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively during the nine months ended August 31, 2019.
75
The Company recorded $3.8 million of interest expense on the 5% Convertible Notes, including $2.8 million, $832,000 and $123,000 from interest, amortization of debt discount and origination costs, during the nine months ended August 31, 2019, respectively.
The Company recorded approximately $4.4 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, during the nine months ended August 31, 2019 which includes $3.8 million of interest, $209,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs and $346,000 of amortizing of debt discount respectively.
Of the interest expense of $23.4 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2018, approximately 16.7 million of interest expense was attributable to the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in the principal balance of the facility and an increase in the LIBOR floor from 1.5% to 2.11% at August 31, 2018.
Interest expense on the 8.5% Convertible Notes totaled $138,000, including $76,000, $54,000 and $8,000 representing interest, amortization of debt discount and issuance costs, respectively during nine months ended August 31, 2018.
The Company recorded approximately $3.7 million of interest expense on the 5% Convertible Notes which included $2.8 million, $774,000 and $115,000 from interest, amortizing debt discounts and origination costs, respectively, during the nine months ended August 31, 2018.
The Company recorded approximately $2.5 million of interest expense on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which includes $2.3 million of interest and $197,000 of amortizing debt issuance costs, respectively during the nine months ended August 31, 2018.
See Notes 12, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility," 13, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," 14, "5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," and 15 "8.5% Senior Secured Notes," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of Revolving Credit Facility (in thousands)
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility | $ | — | $ | (11,663 | ) | $ | 11,663 | (100 | )% | decrease | |||||||
During the nine months ended August 31, 2018, the fair value was impacted by increased borrowings offset by the shortening of life expectancy estimates for the policies pledged under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, and a decrease in the discount rate.
See Note 16, "Fair Value Measurements," to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses (in thousands)
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Personnel costs | $ | 1,001 | $ | 2,460 | $ | (1,459 | ) | (59 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Legal fees | 2,117 | 3,478 | (1,361 | ) | (39 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Professional fees | 1,470 | 4,497 | (3,027 | ) | (67 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Insurance | 666 | 592 | 74 | 13 | % | increase | |||||||||||
Other SG&A | 399 | 1,407 | (1,008 | ) | (72 | )% | decrease | ||||||||||
Total SG&A Expenses | $ | 5,653 | $ | 12,434 | $ | (6,781 | ) | (55 | )% | decrease | |||||||
The overall change in operating expenses is due to the deconsolidation of the subsidiaries that have filed for Chapter 11, which expenses have been excluded from the consolidated results for the period up to August 16, 2019. Significant decrease in operating expenses was primarily a result of a decrease in legal expense of $1.4 million, a decrease in professional fees of $3.0 million, a decrease in personnel cost of $1.5 million and a decrease in other operating expenses of $1.0 million.
76
Results of Operations for Deconsolidated Subsidiaries
Net loss from deconsolidated operations was $51.9 million and comprise the below (in thousands):
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019 | ||||
Income | $ | 20,556 | ||
Expenses | 72,412 | |||
Net income (loss) | $ | (51,856 | ) |
Total income for the deconsolidated subsidiaries was $20.6 million and mainly comprised gain on maturity of $70.3 million which is attributable to 18 policies maturity, gain on sale of life settlement of approximately $21.3 million associated with the sale of the limited partnership interests of White Eagle, change in fair value gain of investment in limited partnership of approximately $15.4 million which is attributable to the pickup in value for the assets contributed at closing of the subscription agreement, offset by change in fair value of life settlements loss of approximately $16.8 million.
Expense of approximately $72.4 million was significantly impacted by change in fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility of approximately $17.1 million, interest expense of $28.3 million, reorganization cost of $14.0 million, loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $7.4 million associated with the early repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, administrative services fees of $2.8 million, legal fees of $890,000 and professional fees of 1.5 million.
Change in fair value of life settlements - Deconsolidated Subsidiaries
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, our deconsolidated subsidiaries had 18 life insurance policies with face amounts totaling $100.4 million matured. The net gain of these maturities was $70.3 million and is recorded as a change in fair value of life settlements in the deconsolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2019. Proceeds from maturities totaling $92.5 million were received during the nine months ended August 31, 2019.
On May 22, 2019, a settlement in the amount of $21.3 million was signed between Lincoln Benefit Life Company ("Lincoln Benefit"), White Eagle and Emergent Capital pursuant to which Lincoln Benefit, agreed to not to contest the 55 life insurance policies that are presently owned by White Eagle and Emergent Capital agreed to drop its legal action against Allstate Life Insurance Company and settle for $2.0 million. The settlement relates to six separate legal actions pertaining to the validity of certain White Eagle policies and receivables for maturities of life settlement totaling $39.1 million. The settlement of the litigation, was approved by the Bankruptcy Court in June 2019, and, as such the receivable for maturities of life settlement was adjusted to reflect the reduction which resulted in approximately $17.8 million recorded as change in fair value of life settlements for the nine months ended August 31, 2019.
Other items impacting the change in fair value include updated life expectancies procured by our deconsolidated subsidiaries with respect to the insureds' lives and maturities. The updated life expectancy reports implied that in aggregate, the insureds’ health improved, therefore, lengthening their life expectancies relative to the prior life expectancies.
On October 18, 2018, 21st Services, LLC ("21st Services") announced revisions to its underwriting methodology, which revisions have generally been understood to lengthen the average reported life expectancy furnished by this life expectancy provider by 9%. On October 29, 2018, AVS Underwriting LLC ("AVS"), also announced revisions to its underwriting methodology without an estimated impact, which resulted in an average lengthening of the life expectancies by approximately 13%.
In November 2018, White Eagle decided to no longer utilize the results of life expectancy reports furnished by AVS for valuation purposes. Going forward, White Eagle will procure its life expectancy reports solely from 21st Services on a periodic basis and expects to continue to lengthen life expectancies furnished by 21st Services that have not been re-underwritten using their updated methodology. The amount of policies that are lengthened by White Eagle in this manner will decrease over time and the fair value calculations in future periods will, accordingly, reflect the actual impact of the revised 21st Services methodology on a policy by policy basis as updated life expectancy reports are procured. As of August 31, 2019, White Eagle received 326 updated life expectancy reports from 21st Services. These life expectancies reported an average lengthening of
77
life expectancies of 23.45% based on this sample, which is significantly higher than the 9% impact first communicated by 21st Services and has significantly impacted the results for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 by approximately $57.6 million.
See Note 16 "Fair Value Measurements" to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Change in fair value of investment in limited partnership
On August 16, 2019, Lamington's capital contribution to White Eagle comprised the fair value of the life settlement assets based on the purchaser's valuation. The Company performed a fair value calculation to include various factors impacting the waterfall distribution as dictated by the Subscription Agreement, including but not limited to amounts advanced for the Class D Shares, the funding of the premium reserves on the Company's behalf and the expected return by the Class A Shares which is 11%. The Company determined that the fair value was approximately $138.2 million which resulted in a change in fair value gain of approximately $15.4 million at August 16, 2019.
Change in fair value of White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
For the nine months ended August 31, 2019 the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility incurred a loss of approximately $17.1 million which is mainly attributable the early repayment of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
Refer to Note 4 "Deconsolidation of Subsidiaries", Note 5 "Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements of Entities in Bankruptcy" and Note 6 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities", of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, provided in this report.
Results of Discontinued Operations
Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019 Compared to Nine Months Ended August 31, 2018 (in thousands)
Nine Months Ended August 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||
Total income (loss) | $ | — | $ | 17 | $ | (17 | ) | (100 | )% | decrease | |||||||
Total expenses | (36 | ) | 32 | (68 | ) | (213 | )% | decrease | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 36 | (15 | ) | 51 | (340 | )% | increase | ||||||||||
Income tax benefit | — | — | — | — | % | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss), net of income taxes | $ | 36 | $ | (15 | ) | $ | 51 | (340 | )% | increase | |||||||
Net income from our discontinued structured settlement operations for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 was $36,000 as compared to a net loss of $15,000 for the same period in 2018. Total income from our discontinued structured settlement operations was $0 compared to $17,000 for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Total expenses from our discontinued structured settlement operations was income of $36,000 for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 compared to expense of $32,000 incurred during the same period in 2018.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business, as well as continued compliance with the covenants contained in the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility, the indentures governing our 5% Convertible Notes, 8.5% Senior Secured Notes and other financing arrangements.
Previously the payment of premiums to maintain the life insurance policies represents our most significant requirement for cash disbursement. On a quarterly basis, we calculate the minimum premium payments required to maintain the policies in-force. Over time, as an insured ages, the relevant premium payments will increase. Nevertheless, the probability we will actually be required to pay the premium decreases as mortality becomes more likely. In addition to premiums, we incur policy
78
servicing costs, including updated medical records, updated life expectancies and securities intermediaries' fees; in most cases, these amounts are determined by the number of policies we own. The majority of these costs relates to the policies previously pledged as collateral under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility with the termination of such facility and the sale of 72.5% of the ownership interests in the holder of the assets, the Company's exposure to these risks has been significantly reduced.
As of August 31, 2019, we had approximately $8.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of $508,000; of this amount, approximately $8.8 million is available to pay premiums on the two unencumbered policies for which such expenses will approximate $45,000 in 2019 and other overhead expenses.
For the nine months ended August 31, 2019, we paid $69.9 million in premiums to maintain our policies in force in our consolidated and deconsolidated subsidiaries. Of this amount, approximately $69.7 million was paid by White Eagle through its borrowings and maturity proceeds.
In connection with the WE Investment, the A&R LPA provides generally that holders of the Class A and Class B Interest holders receive distributions of proceeds of the assets of White Eagle based on their 72.5% and 27.5% ownership, respectively, after certain expenses and reserves are funded (including such minimum payments to Lamington totaling approximately $8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and $4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years, provided that commencing after year three (3), such minimum payments will be utilized to satisfy the Class D Return of $8.0 million, which was advanced at closing, plus the greater of $2.0 million or 11% per annum on such $8.0 million to the extent necessary to fully repay such Class D Return. The minimum payments to the Company will occur regardless of maturities with payments through the premium/expense reserve account when there are no maturity proceeds available for distribution as described below). However, the A&R LPA also provides that all payments to holders of the Class B interests (other than such minimum payments to Lamington during the first eight (8) years following the Closing Date) are fully subordinated to payments in respect of the minimum returns to holders of the Class A and Class D interests (including repayment of all amounts advanced in respect of the Advance Facility).
Although the WE Investment provides guaranteed payments of $8.0 million per year for the first three (3) years and $4.0 million for the subsequent seven (7) years to the Company, irrespective of maturities, there can be no assurance as to when proceeds from maturities of the policies in the WE Investment will be distributed to the Company. Delays will impact the timing of distribution since the Class A Shares must meet their 11% return as well as repayments for any advance to the premium reserve on the Company's behalf.
Assuming no policy maturities, as of August 31, 2019, we expect to pay $45,000 in premiums during the remainder of 2019 on the two policies we own.
The following table illustrates the total amount of face value of life insurance policies owned up to August 16, 2019, the trailing 12- months of life insurance policy maturities realized and premiums paid on our consolidated and deconsolidated portfolio. The trailing 12-month maturities/premium coverage ratio indicates the ratio of policy maturities realized to premiums paid over the trailing 12-month period from our portfolio of life insurance policies.
79
Quarter End Date | Portfolio Face Amount ($) | 12-Month Trailing Maturities Realized ($) | 12-Month Trailing Premiums Paid ($) | 12-Month Trailing Maturities/Premiums Coverage Ratio (%) | ||||||||
March 31, 2015 | 3,001,987 | 27,188 | 57,723 | 47 | % | |||||||
June 30, 2015 | 2,982,416 | 63,768 | 59,990 | 106 | % | |||||||
September 30, 2015 | 2,997,903 | 67,468 | 63,124 | 107 | % | |||||||
December 31, 2015 | 2,979,352 | 67,403 | 64,923 | 104 | % | |||||||
March 31, 2016 | 2,969,670 | 67,195 | 66,049 | 102 | % | |||||||
June 30, 2016 | 2,966,388 | 34,815 | 67,843 | 51 | % | |||||||
September 30, 2016 | 2,953,796 | 43,915 | 69,430 | 63 | % | |||||||
December 31, 2016 | 2,946,511 | 37,460 | 71,681 | 52 | % | |||||||
March 31, 2017 | 2,908,876 | 62,330 | 75,609 | 82 | % | |||||||
June 30, 2017 | 2,903,899 | 63,353 | 79,378 | 80 | % | |||||||
September 30, 2017 | 2,887,827 | 67,053 | 82,032 | 82 | % | |||||||
December 30, 2017 | 2,880,487 | 67,176 | 84,751 | 79 | % | |||||||
March 31, 2018 | 2,852,803 | 57,026 | 86,561 | 66 | % | |||||||
June 30, 2018 | 2,826,863 | 78,039 | 87,650 | 89 | % | |||||||
September 30, 2018 | 2,794,652 | 94,039 | 89,263 | 105 | % | |||||||
November 30, 2018 | 2,787,916 | 93,435 | 91,601 | 102 | % | |||||||
February 28, 2019 | 2,765,250 | 93,735 | 88,235 | 106 | % | |||||||
May 31, 2019 | 2,719,976 | 108,105 | 97,602 | 111 | % | |||||||
August 31, 2019 | 2,688,556 | 125,623 | 100,697 | 125 | % |
At August 31, 2019, we had $75.8 million and $46.5 million and in aggregate principal amount of outstanding 5% Convertible Notes and 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which accrue interest at 5.0%, and 8.5%, respectively. Interest on the 5.0% Convertible Notes is due semi-annually while interest on the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes is due quarterly, and the Company has the ability to pay interest in kind on approximately $38.3 million, or 82%, of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes, which was done during the nine months ended August 31, 2019.
Liquidity
Historically, the Company has incurred substantial losses, which has resulted in an accumulated deficit of approximately $289.1 million as of August 31, 2019. Cash flows used in operating activities were $8.5 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and $32.6 million for the nine months ended August 31, 2018. As of August 31, 2019, the Company had approximately $8.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and certificates of deposit of $508,000; of this amount, approximately $8.8 million is available to pay premiums on the two policies owned by the Company of which such expenses will approximate $45,000 in 2019 and other overhead expenses.
The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to meet its liquidity needs through a combination of factors including but not limited to, the receipt of distributions from its investment in its equity investment in White Eagle, strategic capital market raises and cash on hand.
As of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, we had approximately $26.8 million of cash and cash equivalents inclusive of certificates of deposit of $511,000. In considering our forecast for the next twelve months with the current cash balance as of the filing of this Form 10-Q, the Company has sufficient resources to meet its liquidity needs for the foreseeable future.
80
Financing Arrangements Summary
White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility
White Eagle is the borrower under a $370.0 million revolving credit facility, with Imperial Finance and Trading, LLC, as the initial servicer, the initial portfolio manager and guarantor, Lamington Road Bermuda Ltd., as portfolio manager, LNV, as initial lender, the other financial institutions party thereto as lenders, and CLMG, as administrative agent for the lenders. Effective August 16, 2019, all outstanding principal and interest under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility was repaid.
See Note 11, "White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
At August 31, 2019, the $1.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes due 2019 (the "Convertible Notes") was fully repaid.
For a description of the Convertible Notes see Note 13, "8.50% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes
At August 31, 2019, there was $75.8 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes due 2023 outstanding (the "New Convertible Notes" or "5% Convertible Notes"). For a description of the New Convertible Notes see Note 14, "5.0% Senior Unsecured Convertible Notes," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
8.5% Senior Secured Notes
At August 31, 2019, there was $46.5 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2021 outstanding (the "8.5% Senior Secured Notes"). For a description of the 8.5% Senior Secured Notes see Note 15, "8.5% Senior Secured Notes," of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
Cash Flows
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):
Nine Months Ended August 31, | ||||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Statement of Cash Flows Data: | ||||||||
Total cash (used in) provided by: | ||||||||
Operating activities | $ | (8,493 | ) | $ | (32,571 | ) | ||
Investing activities | 10,782 | (15,612 | ) | |||||
Financing activities | 5,282 | 32,983 | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,571 | $ | (15,200 | ) |
81
Operating Activities
During the nine months ended August 31, 2019, operating activities used cash of $8.5 million. Our net income of $16.9 million was adjusted for the following: change in fair value of investment in deconsolidated subsidiaries of approximately $37.9 million, attributable to the deconsolidation of Lamington and its subsidiaries gain due to the Chapter 11 Cases up to August 16, 2019, change in fair value of investment in limited partnership gain of approximately $5.8 million interest paid in kind on 8.5% Senior Secured Notes of approximately $2.8 million and a net positive change in the components of operating assets and liabilities of $1.7 million. This $1.7 million change in operating assets and liabilities is partially attributable to a $2.6 million increase in current tax liability, a $155,000 decrease in other liabilities, a $392,000 decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses, a $463,000 increase in interest payable on the 8.5% Senior Notes, and a $118,000 decrease in prepaid and other assets.
During the nine months ended August 31, 2018, operating activities used cash of $32.6 million. Our net loss of $4.4 million was adjusted for the following: change in fair value of life settlement gain of $19.3 million that is mainly attributable to maturities of twelve policies; change in fair value of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility gain of $11.7 million that is mainly attributable to increased borrowings offset by the lengthening of life expectancies of certain insureds underlying policies pledged as collateral in the facility and a slight decrease in the discount rate; deferred tax liability of $2.4 million and a net positive change in the components of operating assets and liabilities of $1.7 million. This $1.7 million change in operating assets and liabilities is partially attributable to a $145,000 decrease in prepaid and other assets, a $2.2 million increase in current tax liability and a $306,000 increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 was $10.8 million and includes $10.9 million in cash from consolidated of subsidiaries that were previously deconsolidated due to the Chapter 11 Cases offset by $118,000 for premiums paid on life settlements.
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 was $15.6 million and includes proceeds of $52.3 million from the maturity of life settlements offset by $67.9 million for premiums paid on life settlements.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 was $5.3 million resulted from proceeds from the issue of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes of approximately $6.5 million offset by repayment of outstanding principal under the 8.5% Convertible Notes of approximately $1.2 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 was $33.0 million and includes $67.6 million of borrowings from the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility offset by $34.6 million in repayment under the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility.
Inflation
Our assets and liabilities are, and will be in the future, interest-rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates may influence our performance far more than inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation or changes in inflation rates. We do not believe that inflation had any material impact on our results of operations in the periods presented in our financial statements presented in this report.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At August 31, 2019, there were no off-balance sheet arrangements between us and any other entity that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to shareholders.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of potential economic loss principally arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments. The major components of market risk are credit risk, interest rate risk and foreign currency risk. As of August 31, 2019, we did not hold a material amount of financial instruments for trading purposes.
82
Credit Risk
Credit risk consists primarily of the potential loss arising from adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the life insurance policies that we own. Although we may purchase life settlements from carriers rated below investment grade, to limit our credit risk, we generally only purchase life settlements from companies that are investment grade.
The following table provides information about the life insurance issuer concentrations that exceed 10% of total death benefit and 10% of total fair value of our two life settlement policies as of August 31, 2019:
Carrier - Consolidated | Percentage of Total Fair Value | Percentage of Total Death Benefit | Moody’s Rating | S&P Rating | |||||
Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada | 100 | % | 100 | % | Aa3 | AA |
Interest Rate Risk
At August 31, 2019, fluctuations in interest rates did not impact interest expense in our business.
We earn income on the changes in fair value of the life insurance policies we own. However, if the fair value of the life insurance policies we own decreases, we record this reduction as a loss.
As of August 31, 2019, the Company through its consolidated subsidiaries owned life settlements with a fair value of $1.3 million. A rise in interest rates could potentially have an adverse impact on the sale price if we were to sell some or all of these assets. There are several factors that affect the market value of life settlements, including the age and health of the insured, investors’ demand, available liquidity in the marketplace, duration and longevity of the policy, and interest rates. We currently do not view the risk of a decline in the sale price of life settlements due to normal changes in interest rates as a material risk.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Changes in the exchange rate between transactions denominated in a currency other than our foreign subsidiaries’ functional currency are immaterial to our operating results. Exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk may increase over time as our business evolves.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Limitations on Controls
Our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives as specified above. Management does not expect, however, that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and fraud. Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met. Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
83
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Litigation
For a description of developments to legal proceedings during the nine months ended August 31, 2019, see "Litigation" under Note 18, "Commitments and Contingencies" to our consolidated financial statements.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our risk factors have not changed materially from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-KT filed for the eleven months ended November 30, 2018, investors should also consider the following additional risk factors.
We do not control our significant asset and rely on third parties to manage it.
As a result of the transaction we consummated on August 16, 2019, pursuant to which we sold newly-issued limited partnership interests in White Eagle, constituting 72.5% of White Eagle’s outstanding equity, to Palomino, we no longer control many of the operations and decisions of White Eagle relating to management of its life settlement portfolio, although the distributions from our remaining 27.5% investment in White Eagle constitute substantially all of our revenue. Specifically, we do not control decisions relating to optimizing the portfolio, including whether to sell policies, buy new policies, and lapse policies, and although we contribute to the payment of premiums which is funded by Palomino and repaid by us from funds to be distributed to the Company through the waterfall, we do not control the timing or any decisions for the premium payments. In spite of the change in ownership, the distributions from that portfolio still constitute substantially all of our revenue. Accordingly, we rely on third parties, including Palomino, Palomino JV GP Limited, the general partner of White Eagle, and the manager of the portfolio as selected by such general partner, to manage the portfolio. There can be no assurance that such third parties will manage the portfolio in a successful manner or in the manner that we would do so. If such third parties do not manage the portfolio successfully, there could be adverse effects on our financial results, liquidity and performance.
We may make significant changes in an attempt to improve our financial condition.
We have begun to make changes to improve our financial position, including the recent transaction pursuant to which we partnered with a third party with respect to the ownership and management of White Eagle and its portfolio of life settlements, and the related termination of the White Eagle Revolving Credit Facility. We may make additional changes to improve, among other things, our significant debt obligations and our expected tax situation. We are considering a restructuring of our capital structure, our domicile in or outside of the United States, the stock exchange where our common stock is listed for trading, optimizing our tax position, and the operation of our business and assets in run-off mode, among other things. Such changes, if undertaken, may result in significant alterations to the Company and its security holders’ tax positions, and there can be no assurance that any such changes will result in the desired improvements.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None
Item 3. Default Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None
84
Item 6. Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | Form | Exhibit | Filing Date | Filed/ Furnished Herewith | SEC File # | |||||||
10.1 | 8-K | 10.1 | 6/14/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.2 | 8-K | 10.2 | 6/14/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.3 | 8-K | 10.1 | 6/24/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.4 | 8-K | 10.1 | 7/24/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.5 | 8-K | 10.1 | 8/21/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.6 | 8-K | 10.2 | 8/21/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.7 | 8-K | 10.3 | 8/21/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.8 | 8-K | 10.4 | 8/21/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.9 | 8-K | 10.5 | 8/21/2019 | 001-35064 | |||||||||
10.10 | 8-K | 10.6 | 8/21/2019 | 001-35064 |
85
31.1 | * | ||||||||||||
31.2 | * | ||||||||||||
32.1 | ** | ||||||||||||
32.2 | ** | ||||||||||||
101 | Interactive Data Files | * | |||||||||||
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | * | |||||||||||
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | * | |||||||||||
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | * | |||||||||||
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document | * | |||||||||||
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 10.1 & 10.2 | * | |||||||||||
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | * |
* | Filed herewith. |
** | Furnished herewith. |
** | Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to the Rule 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. The omitted information is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed. |
86
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Emergent Capital, Inc. | ||
/s/ Miriam Martinez | Chief Financial Officer | |
Miriam Martinez | (Principal Financial Officer) | |
Date October 9, 2019 |
87