Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Basis of presentation | ' |
The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist in understanding the Company’s consolidated financial statements. These accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) in all material respects, and have been consistently applied in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements. |
Principles of consolidation | ' |
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation |
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
Use of estimates | ' |
Use of Estimates |
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Investment in and valuation of real estate and related assets | ' |
Investment in and Valuation of Real Estate and Related Assets |
Real estate and related assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Amounts capitalized to real estate and related assets consist of the cost of acquisition, excluding acquisition related expenses, construction and any tenant improvements, major improvements and betterments that extend the useful life of the real estate and related assets and leasing costs. All repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. |
The Company is required to make subjective assessments as to the useful lives of its depreciable assets. The Company considers the period of future benefit of each respective asset to determine the appropriate useful life of the assets. Real estate and related assets, other than land, are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis. The estimated useful lives of the Company’s real estate and related assets by class are generally as follows: |
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Buildings | | 40 years |
Tenant improvements | | Lesser of useful life or lease term |
Intangible lease assets | | Lease term |
The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of its real estate and related assets may not be recoverable. Impairment indicators that the Company considers include, but are not limited to, bankruptcy or other credit concerns of a property’s major tenant, such as a history of late payments, rental concessions and other factors, a significant decrease in a property’s revenues due to lease terminations, vacancies, co-tenancy clauses, reduced lease rates or other circumstances. When indicators of potential impairment are present, the Company assesses the recoverability of the assets by determining whether the carrying amount of the assets will be recovered through the undiscounted future cash flows expected from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. In the event that such expected undiscounted future cash flows do not exceed the carrying amount, the Company will adjust the real estate and related assets to their respective fair values and recognize an impairment loss. Generally, fair value is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis and recent comparable sales transactions. No impairment indicators were identified and no impairment losses were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 or 2011. |
When developing estimates of expected future cash flows, the Company makes certain assumptions regarding future market rental income amounts subsequent to the expiration of current lease agreements, property operating expenses, terminal capitalization and discount rates, the expected number of months it takes to re-lease the property, required tenant improvements and the number of years the property will be held for investment. The use of alternative assumptions in estimating expected future cash flows could result in a different determination of the property’s expected future cash flows and a different conclusion regarding the existence of an impairment, the extent of such loss, if any, as well as the fair value of the real estate and related assets. |
When a real estate asset is identified by the Company as held for sale, the Company will cease depreciation and amortization of the assets related to the property and estimate the fair value, net of selling costs. If, in management’s opinion, the fair value, net of selling costs, of the asset is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an adjustment to the carrying amount would be recorded to reflect the estimated fair value of the property, net of selling costs. There were no assets identified as held for sale as of December 31, 2013, 2012 or 2011. |
Allocation of purchase price of real estate and related assets | ' |
Allocation of Purchase Price of Real Estate and Related Assets |
Upon the acquisition of real properties, the Company allocates the purchase price to acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings and improvements, and identified intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above market and below market leases and the value of in-place leases, based in each case on their respective fair values. Acquisition related expenses are expensed as incurred. The Company utilizes independent appraisals to assist in the determination of the fair values of the tangible assets of an acquired property (which includes land and building). The Company obtains an independent appraisal for each real property acquisition. The information in the appraisal, along with any additional information available to the Company’s management, is used in estimating the amount of the purchase price that is allocated to land. Other information in the appraisal, such as building value and market rents, may be used by the Company’s management in estimating the allocation of purchase price to the building and to intangible lease assets and liabilities. The appraisal firm has no involvement in management’s allocation decisions other than providing this market information. |
The fair values of above market and below market lease intangibles are recorded based on the present value (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (2) an estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, which is generally obtained from independent appraisals, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease including any bargain renewal periods, with respect to a below market lease. The above market and below market lease intangibles are capitalized as intangible lease assets or liabilities, respectively. Above market leases are amortized as a reduction to rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases. Below market leases are amortized as an increase to rental income over the remaining terms of the respective leases, including any bargain renewal periods. In considering whether or not the Company expects a tenant to execute a bargain renewal option, the Company evaluates economic factors and certain qualitative factors at the time of acquisition, such as the financial strength of the tenant, remaining lease term, the tenant mix of the leased property, the Company’s relationship with the tenant and the availability of competing tenant space. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of above market or below market lease intangibles relating to that lease would be recorded as an adjustment to rental income. |
The fair values of in-place leases include estimates of direct costs associated with obtaining a new tenant and opportunity costs associated with lost rental and other property income which are avoided by acquiring a property with an in-place lease. Direct costs associated with obtaining a new tenant include commissions and other direct costs, and are estimated in part by utilizing information obtained from independent appraisals and management’s consideration of current market costs to execute a similar lease. The intangible values of opportunity costs, which are calculated using the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases over a market absorption period for a similar lease are capitalized as intangible lease assets and are amortized to expense over the remaining term of the respective leases. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its stated expiration, all unamortized amounts of in-place lease assets relating to that lease would be expensed. |
The Company will estimate the fair value of assumed mortgage notes payable based upon indications of current market pricing for similar types of debt financing with similar maturities. Assumed mortgage notes payable will initially be recorded at their estimated fair value as of the assumption date, and any difference between such estimated fair value and the mortgage note’s outstanding principal balance will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the respective mortgage note payable. |
The determination of the fair values of the real estate and related assets and liabilities acquired requires the use of significant assumptions with regard to the current market rental rates, rental growth rates, capitalization and discount rates, interest rates and other variables. The use of alternative estimates may result in a different allocation of the Company’s purchase price, which could impact the Company’s results of operations. |
Investment in marketable securities | ' |
Investment in Marketable Securities |
Investment in marketable securities consists primarily of the Company’s investment in corporate and government debt securities. The Company determines the appropriate classification for debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. As of December 31, 2013, the Company classified its investments as available-for-sale as the Company is not actively trading the securities; however, the Company may sell them prior to their maturity. These investments are carried at their estimated fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. |
The Company monitors its available-for-sale securities for impairments. A loss is recognized when the Company determines that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary. The Company considers many factors in determining whether the impairment of a security is deemed to be other-than-temporary, including, but not limited to, the length of time the security has had a decline in estimated fair value below its amortized cost, the amount of the unrealized loss, the intent and ability of the Company to hold the security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value, recent events specific to the issuer or industry, external credit ratings and recent changes in such ratings. The analysis of determining whether the impairment of a security is deemed to be other-than-temporary requires significant judgments and assumptions. The use of alternative judgments and assumptions could result in a different conclusion. |
The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity computed under the effective interest method and is recorded in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations in interest income on marketable securities along with interest and dividend income. Upon the sale of a security, the realized net gain or loss is computed on the specific identification method. |
Cash and cash equivalents | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with maturities when purchased of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company considers investments in highly liquid money market accounts to be cash equivalents. |
Restricted cash and escrows | ' |
Restricted Cash and Escrows |
Included in restricted cash were escrowed investor proceeds for which shares of common stock had not been issued as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. |
Rents and tenant receivables | ' |
Rents and Tenant Receivables |
Rents and tenant receivables primarily include amounts to be collected in future periods related to the recognition of rental income on a straight-line basis over the lease term and cost recoveries due from tenants. The Company makes estimates of the uncollectability of its accounts receivable related to base rents, expense reimbursements and other revenues. The Company analyzes accounts receivable and historical bad debt levels, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. In addition, tenants in bankruptcy, if any, are analyzed and estimates are made in connection with the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-petition claims. The Company’s reported net income or loss is directly affected by management’s estimate of the collectability of accounts receivable. The Company records allowances for those balances that the Company deems to be uncollectible, including any amounts relating to straight-line rent receivables. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, no balances were deemed uncollectible and no allowance was recorded. |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | ' |
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets |
Prepaid expenses and other assets include expenses paid as of the balance sheet date that relate to future periods and will be expensed or reclassified to another account during the period to which the costs relate. Any amounts with no future economic benefit are charged to earnings when identified. |
Deferred financing costs | ' |
Deferred Financing Costs |
Deferred financing costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related financing arrangement, which approximates the effective interest method. If a note payable is prepaid, any unamortized deferred financing costs related to the note payable would be expensed. Amortization of deferred financing costs was $300,000, $177,000 and $12,000 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and was recorded in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Revenue recognition | ' |
Revenue Recognition |
Certain properties have leases where minimum rental payments increase during the term of the lease. The Company records rental revenue for the full term of each lease on a straight-line basis. When the Company acquires a property, the terms of existing leases are considered to commence as of the acquisition date for the purposes of this calculation. The Company defers the recognition of contingent rental income, such as percentage rents, until the specific target that triggers the contingent rental income is achieved. Expected reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes and operating expenses are included in tenant reimbursement income in the period when such costs are incurred. |
Income taxes | ' |
Income Taxes |
The Company elected to be taxed, and currently qualifies as, a REIT for federal income tax purposes under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 2012. If the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent it distributes its taxable income to its stockholders, and so long as it distributes at least 90% of its taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding certain non-cash items and net capital gains. REITs are subject to a number of other organizational and operational requirements. Even if the Company maintains its qualification to be taxed as a REIT, it may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property, and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income. |
Concentration of credit risk | ' |
Concentration of Credit Risk |
As of December 31, 2013, the Company had cash on deposit at two financial institutions, in one of which the Company had deposits in excess of federally insured levels totaling $5.1 million; however, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company limits significant cash deposits to accounts held by financial institutions with high credit standing; therefore, the Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on its cash deposits. |
As of December 31, 2013, no single tenant accounted for greater than 10% of the Company’s 2013 gross annualized rental revenues. Tenants in the home and garden, grocery and drugstore industries accounted for 17%, 16% and 16%, respectively, of the Company’s 2013 gross annualized rental revenues. Additionally, the Company has certain geographic concentrations in its property holdings. In particular, as of December 31, 2013, three of the Company’s properties were located in Michigan and three of the Company’s properties were located in Texas, accounting for 16% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s 2013 gross annualized rental revenues. |
Offering and related costs | ' |
Offering and Related Costs |
Cole Advisors funds all of the organization and offering costs associated with the sale of the Company’s common stock (excluding selling commissions, the distribution fee and the dealer manager fee) and is reimbursed for such costs up to 0.75% of gross proceeds from the Offering, excluding selling commissions charged on A Shares sold in the Primary Offering. As of December 31, 2013, Cole Advisors, or its affiliates, had paid organization and offering costs in excess of the 0.75% in connection with the Offering. These excess costs were not included in the financial statements of the Company because such costs were not a liability of the Company as they exceeded 0.75% of gross proceeds from the Offering. As the Company raises additional proceeds from the Offering, these excess costs may become payable to Cole Advisors. |
Due to affiliates | ' |
Due to Affiliates |
Cole Advisors and certain of its affiliates received, and will continue to receive fees, reimbursements and compensation in connection with services provided relating to the Offering and the acquisition, management and performance of the Company’s assets. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, $829,000 and $335,000, respectively, was due to Cole Advisors and its affiliates for such services, as discussed in Note 10 to these consolidated financial statements. |
Stockholders' equity | ' |
Stockholders’ Equity |
As of December 31, 2013, the Company was authorized to issue up to 500,000,000 shares of capital stock. Of the total number of shares of capital stock authorized (a) 490,000,000 shares are designated as common stock, 164,000,000 of which are classified as W Shares, 163,000,000 of which are classified as A Shares and 163,000,000 of which are classified as I Shares, and (b) 10,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock. All shares of such stock have a par value of $0.01 per share. The par value of investor proceeds raised from the Offering is classified as common stock, with the remainder allocated to capital in excess of par value. The Company’s board of directors may amend the charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of capital stock or the number of authorized shares of capital stock of any class or series without stockholder approval. |
Redeemable common stock | ' |
Redeemable Common Stock |
The Company has adopted a share redemption program that permits its stockholders to redeem their shares, subject to certain limitations discussed in Note 12 to these consolidated financial statements. The Company records amounts that are redeemable under the share redemption program as redeemable common stock outside of permanent equity in its consolidated balance sheets. Redeemable common stock is recorded at the greater of the carrying amount or redemption value each reporting period. Changes in the value from period to period are recorded as an adjustment to capital in excess of par value. |
As of December 31, 2013, the quarterly redemption capacity was equal to 10% of the Company’s NAV and this amount was recorded as redeemable common stock on the consolidated balance sheet for a total of $7.0 million. As of December 31, 2012, the outstanding shares eligible for redemption were recorded as redeemable common stock on the consolidated balance sheet, at the NAV per share, for a total of $3.8 million. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, certain shares were not permitted to be redeemed subject to certain limitations as discussed in Note 12 to these consolidated financial statements. |
Loss per share | ' |
Loss Per Share |
Loss per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period presented. Diluted loss per share considers the effect of any potentially dilutive share equivalents, of which the Company had none for each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011. |
Reportable segments | ' |
Reportable Segments |
The Company’s operating segment consists of commercial properties, which include activities related to investing in real estate including retail properties. The commercial properties are geographically diversified throughout the United States and have similar economic characteristics. The Company evaluates operating performance on an overall portfolio level; therefore the Company’s properties are aggregated into one reportable segment. |
Interest | ' |
Interest |
Interest is charged to interest expense as it accrues. No interest costs were capitalized during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011. |
Distributions payable and distribution policy | ' |
Distributions Payable and Distribution Policy |
In order to qualify as a REIT, the Company is required, among other things, to make distributions each taxable year equal to at least 90% of its taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding certain non-cash items and net capital gains. To the extent funds are available, the Company intends to pay regular distributions to stockholders. Distributions are paid to stockholders of record as of the applicable record dates. |
The Company’s board of directors authorized a daily distribution, based on 365 days in the calendar year of $0.002429042 per share for stockholders of record as of the close of business on each day of the period commencing on January 1, 2013 and ending on September 30, 2013. The Company’s board of directors authorized a daily distribution of $0.002563727 per share (the “Daily Distribution Amount”) for stockholders of record as of the close of business on each day of the period commencing on October 1, 2013 for W Shares, October 10, 2013 for A Shares (the day on which A Shares were first issued) and November 19, 2013 for I Shares (the day on which I Shares were first issued), and ending on December 31, 2013. The Daily Distribution Amount for each class of outstanding common stock is adjusted based on the relative NAV of the various classes each day so that, from day to day, distributions constitute a uniform percentage of the NAV per share of all classes. As a result, from day to day, the per share daily distribution for each outstanding class of common stock may have been higher or lower than $0.002563727 per share based on the relative NAV of each class of common stock on that day. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had distributions payable of $317,000. The distributions were paid in January 2014, of which $122,000 were reinvested in shares through the DRIP. |
Recent accounting pronouncements | ' |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In February 2013, the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update, 2013-02 Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2013-02”), which amended the reporting requirements for comprehensive income pertaining to the reclassification of items out of accumulated other comprehensive income. ASU 2013-02 was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2013, and the Company has presented the required information within the consolidated statements of other comprehensive income (loss) and notes to the financial statements. |