CHANDLER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Impaired Loans
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. Impairment is evaluated in total for smaller balance loans of a similar nature and on an individual loan basis for other loans. If a loan is impaired, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment based on historical loss experience, current economic conditions, and performance trends.
Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectibility of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.
Troubled Debt Restructured (TDR) Loans
A TDR loan is a loan which the Company, for reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower that the Company would not otherwise consider. The loan terms, which have been modified or restructured due to a borrower’s financial difficulty, include, but are not limited to, a reduction in the stated interest rate; an extension of the maturity at an interest rate below current market; a reduction in the face amount of the debt; a reduction in the accrued interest; orre-aging, extensions, deferrals, renewals, and rewrites. A TDR loan would generally be considered impaired in the year of modification and will be assessed periodically for further impairment.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of probable losses that have been incurred within the existing portfolio of loans. The allowance, in the judgment of management, is necessary to provide for estimated loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance for possible loan losses includes allowance allocations calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 310,Receivables and allowance allocations calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 450,Contingencies. The level of the allowance reflects management’s continuing evaluation of industry concentrations, specific credit risks, loan loss experience, current loan portfolio quality, present economic, political and regulatory conditions and unidentified losses inherent in the current loan portfolio, as well as trends in the foregoing. Portions of the allowance may be allocated for specific credits; however, the entire allowance is available for any credit that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including the performance of the Company’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications.
The allowance consists of specific and general allocations. The specific allocation relates to loans that are impaired. For such loans, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general allocation is calculated using loss rates delineated by risk rating and product type. Factors considered when assessing loss rates include the value of the underlying collateral, the industry of the obligor, the obligor’s liquidity, and other financial and qualitative factors. These statistical models are updated regularly for changes in economic and business conditions. Included in the analysis of these loan portfolios are reserves, which are maintained to cover uncertainties that affect the Company’s estimate of probable losses including economic uncertainty and large single defaults.
Off-Balance Sheet Credit Related Financial Instruments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commercial letters of credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.
Bank Premises and Equipment
Land is carried at cost. Premises, furniture and equipment, and leasehold improvements are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization computed principally by the straight-line method.
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