GENERAL AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | GENERAL AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “K2M,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our,” refer to K2M Group Holdings, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries. We are a global medical device provider of complex spine and minimally invasive solutions focused on achieving three-dimensional Total Body Balance. Since our inception, we have designed, developed and commercialized innovative complex spine and minimally invasive spine technologies and techniques used by spine surgeons to treat some of the most complicated spinal pathologies. K2M has leveraged these core competencies into Balance ACS™, a platform of products, services and research to help surgeons achieve three-dimensional spinal balance across the axial, coronal and sagittal planes, with the goal of supporting the full continuum of care to facilitate quality patient outcomes. The Balance ACS platform, in combination with our technologies, techniques and leadership in the 3D-printing of spinal devices, enable us to compete favorably in the global spinal surgery market. Unaudited Interim Results The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the condensed consolidated statements of operations, the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , the condensed consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the three months ended March 31, 2018 , and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis of accounting as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our financial position and results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of future results. All information as of March 31, 2018 and for the three month periods ending March 31, 2018 and 2017 within these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements is unaudited. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Revenue Recognition We adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), with a date of initial adoption of January 1, 2018. In preparing for the adoption of the new standard, we reviewed our revenue generating activities, identified the performance obligations related to those activities, and determined the appropriate timing and measurement of revenue related to the performance obligations in accordance with the standard. We applied Topic 606 retrospectively to each period reported, however, based on the results of our evaluation, there were no changes to our historical condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as a result of this adoption. For revenue recognition arrangements that we determine are within the scope of Topic 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. We only apply the five-step model to arrangements that meet the definition of a contract under Topic 606, including when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of Topic 606, we will evaluate the goods or services promised within each contract related performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. We then recognize as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. In our direct markets, we make our products available to hospitals that purchase specific products for use in a surgery on a case by case basis. We recognize revenue upon the use of such products in the completion of a surgical procedure following a receipt of a delivered order confirming that such products have been used in such procedure. In certain instances, hospital customers may purchase our products in advance of a surgical procedure. Revenue from these transactions is recognized following the completion of our performance obligations associated with the transaction which are distinct under the contract which typically includes our shipment of the purchased products and transfer of control to the hospital customer at the point of delivery. International sales outside of our direct markets are contracted with international distributors, who then resell our products their hospital customers. We recognize revenue upon completion of our performance obligations which includes shipment of the product to the distributor, who accepts title and control at the point of shipment. For these transactions, control transfers to the customer at the point of shipment. We recognize revenue at the transaction price that reflects the net consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for our surgical products. If the transaction price includes variable consideration such as a discount, rebate, right of return or other sales incentives that reduce the transaction price such variable consideration is estimated when revenue is recognized based on the expected value approach. If taxes should be collected from customers relating to product sales and remitted to governmental authorities, they will be excluded from revenue. We expense incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that the Company would have recognized is one year or less. We have determined that our contracts are short-term in nature and therefore no contract costs have been capitalized. Net Loss per Share Basic net loss per common share is determined by dividing the net loss allocable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented, without consideration of common stock equivalents. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss allocable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. The treasury stock method is used to determine the dilutive effect of our stock option grants. The if-converted method is used to determine the dilutive effect of the convertible senior notes due 2036 (the “Notes”). The weighted average shares used to calculate both basic and diluted loss per share are the same because common stock equivalents were excluded in the calculation of diluted loss per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Although included in our outstanding shares total as of March 31, 2018 and 2017 , shares of restricted stock are contingently issuable until their restrictions lapse and have been excluded from the weighted average shares outstanding. Foreign Currency Translation and Other Comprehensive Loss Our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, which is also the functional currency of our domestic entities, while the functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries are the British Pound, Euro and Swiss Franc. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of exchange on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated using the average exchange rate for the period. Net gains and losses resulting from the translation of foreign financial statements are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). Net foreign currency gains or losses resulting from transactions in currencies other than the functional currencies are included in other expense, net on the consolidated statements of operations. Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Pronouncements We adopted the following pronouncements in the first quarter of 2018: In August 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which eliminates the diversity in practice related to the classification of certain cash receipts and payments for debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, the maturing of a zero coupon bond, the settlement of contingent liabilities arising from a business combination, proceeds from insurance settlements, distributions from certain equity method investors and beneficial interests obtained in a financial asset securitization. It also provides clarifications related to separately identifiable cash-flows and application of the predominance principle based on evaluating the source and nature of the underlying cash flows when determining whether it is a financing, investing, operating or a combination of cash flow classifications. We adopted ASU 2016-15 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Restricted Cash, which requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 indicates that these amounts should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. This amendment to ASU 2016-18 does not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. We adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018. The update did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which no longer requires an entity to measure a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value to the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill. Instead, any goodwill impairment charge will be recognized as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. In addition, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. This update does not affect the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. This guidance should be applied prospectively, with earlier application permitted for goodwill impairment tests with measurement dates after January 1, 2017. We adopted ASU 2017-04 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Scope of modification accounting, which provides guidance about which changes to the terms of a share-based payment award should be accounted for as a modification. Under ASU 2017-09, a change to an award should be accounted for as a modification unless the fair value of the modified award is the same as the original award, inputs to the valuation technique used to value the award does not change, the vesting conditions do not change, and the classification as an equity or liability instrument do not change. This guidance should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after date of the adoption. We adopted ASU 2017-09 effective January 1, 2018. The adoption did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Accounting Pronouncements we will adopt at a later date: In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. The revised guidance must be applied on a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Public companies will be required to comply with the guidance in 2019, and interim periods within that year. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. We are presently evaluating the impact of this guidance. In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB” No. 118”), to state the income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“New Tax Act”), which clarifies the measurement period time frame, changes in subsequent reporting periods and reporting requirements as a result of the New Tax Act of 2017. In accordance with SAB No. 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the New Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the New Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the New Tax Act. SAB No. 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year and it begins in the period that includes the enactment date which was December 22, 2017. We have not completed the accounting for the income tax effects of certain elements of the New Tax Act, which will become effective in future years. When additional guidance and regulations enable us to finalize certain tax positions, we will reflect the impact of this ASU 2018-05 on the tax provision and deferred tax calculation as of December 31, 2018. |