Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The following tables disaggregate our revenue into the following categories; Advertising, which includes broadcast and digital advertising products and solutions, Townsquare Interactive our digital marketing solutions business and Live Events (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Advertising Townsquare Interactive Live Events Total Net Revenue (ex Political) $ 70,841 $ 10,796 $ 5,646 $ 87,283 Political 700 — — 700 Net Revenue $ 71,541 $ 10,796 $ 5,646 $ 87,983 Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Advertising Townsquare Interactive Live Events Total Net Revenue (ex Political) $ 74,017 $ 14,208 $ 5,159 $ 93,384 Political 298 — — 298 Net Revenue $ 74,315 $ 14,208 $ 5,159 $ 93,682 Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized as an obligation until the terms of a customer contract are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control as we satisfy contractual performance obligations over time. Our contractual performance obligations include the broadcast of commercials on our owned and operated radio stations, digital sales of internet based advertising campaigns, digital marketing solutions, and the operation of live events. Revenue is measured at contract inception as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Our contracts are at a fixed price at inception and do not include any variable consideration or financing components by normal course of business practice. Sales, value add, and other taxes that are collected concurrently with revenue producing activities are excluded from revenue. The primary sources of net revenue are the sale of advertising on our radio stations, owned and operated websites, radio stations’ online streams, and mobile applications. We offer precision customer targeting solutions to advertisers through Townsquare Ignite, our digital programmatic advertising platform. We also offer on a subscription basis under the brand name Townsquare Interactive, digital marketing solutions to small and mid-sized local and regional businesses in small and mid-sized markets across the United States, including the markets in which we operate radio stations. In addition, we offer a diverse range of live events which we create, promote, and produce. This includes concerts, expositions and other experiential events within and beyond our markets. Our live events also generate substantial net revenue through the sale of sponsorships, food and other concessions, merchandise and other ancillary products and services. Political net revenue includes the sale of advertising on our owned and operated radio stations from contracts with political advertisers. Contracted performance obligations under political contracts consist of the broadcast of advertisements across our locally owned and operated radio stations. Management views political revenue separately based on the episodic nature of the election cycle and local issues calendars. Net revenue for broadcast commercials and digital advertisements are recognized as the commercials are broadcast and digital advertisements are placed and the contractual performance obligations for Townsquare services are satisfied. We measure progress towards the satisfaction of our contractual performance obligations via the output produced in accordance with the contractual arrangement (the broadcast of commercials or the placement of digital advertisements). We recognize the associated contractual revenue as the delivery takes place and the right to invoice for services performed is met. Our advertising contracts are short-term (less than one year) and payment terms are generally net 30-60 days for traditional customer contracts and net 60-90 days for national agency customer contracts. Our billing practice is to invoice customers on a monthly basis for services delivered to date (representing the right to invoice). Our contractual arrangements do not include rights of return and do not include any significant judgments by nature of the products and services. Net revenue from digital subscription-based contractual performance obligations is recognized ratably over time as our performance obligations are satisfied. Subscription-based service fees are typically billed in advance of the month of service at a fixed monthly fee that is contractually agreed upon at contract inception. The measure of progress in such arrangements is the number of days of successful delivery of the contracted service. Live events net revenue is recognized as events are conducted and our contractual performance obligations are satisfied. Our live events include mostly single day events, but some are multi-day in duration. We measure progress towards the satisfaction of contractual performance obligations on a daily basis, measured by the successful delivery of the event and honoring customer admissions and vendor event commitments. Live event ticket purchase prices are due at the point of purchase and are nonrefundable. Live event tickets are often sold in advance of the events; in the case of advanced ticket sales, we defer the recognition of consideration received until we satisfy the future performance obligation. Live event contractual arrangements do not include any variable consideration, financing components, or significant judgments. For all customer contracts, we evaluate whether we are the principal (i.e., report revenue on a gross basis) or the agent (i.e., report revenue on a net basis). Generally, we report revenue for advertising placed on Townsquare properties on a gross basis (the amount billed to our customers is recorded as revenue, and the amount paid to our publishers is recorded as a cost of revenue). We are the principal because we control the advertising inventory before it is transferred to our customers. Our control is evidenced by our sole ability to monetize the advertising inventory, being primarily responsible to our customers, having discretion in establishing pricing, or a combination of these factors. We also generate revenue through agency relationships in which revenue is reported net of agency commissions. Agency commissions are calculated based on a stated percentage applied to gross billing revenue for advertisers that use agencies. No impairment losses have arisen from any contracts with customers during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 . The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers (in thousands): At Adoption January 1, 2018 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 March 31, 2019 Receivables $ 60,492 $ 53,788 $ 62,459 $ 56,167 Short-term contract liabilities (deferred revenue) $ 7,992 $ 7,973 $ 7,922 $ 8,726 We receive payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules; accounts receivable is recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract receivables are recognized in the period the Company provides services when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. Payment terms vary by the type and location of our customer and the products or services offered. Payment terms for amounts invoiced are typically net 30-60 days. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. The Company had no material bad debt expense recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 . We record contract liabilities when cash payments are received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations. Our contract liabilities include cash payments received or due in advance related to event ticket sales for events scheduled to take place over the course of the current year and digital subscriptions in which payment is received in advance of the service month. These contract liabilities are recognized as revenue as the related performance obligations are satisfied. The decrease in the contract liabilities balance that was included in the deferred revenue balance at adoption January 1, 2018 is primarily driven by $5.4 million of recognized revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 , offset by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations. The increase in the contract liabilities balance that was included in the deferred revenue balance at December 31, 2018 is primarily driven by $6.2 million of recognized revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 , offset by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations. No significant changes in the timeframe of the satisfaction of contract liabilities have occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2019 . In connection with the adoption of Topic 606, we are required to capitalize certain contract acquisition costs consisting primarily of commissions paid when contracts are signed (previously such costs were expensed as incurred). Our capitalized contract acquisition costs include amounts related to sales commissions paid related to signed contracts with perceived durations exceeding one year. For these contracts, we defer the related sales commission costs and amortize such costs to expense consistent with how the related revenue is recognized over the duration of the contracts. We have evaluated the average customer contract duration (initial term and any renewals) to determine the appropriate amortization period for these contractual arrangements. For contracts with a duration of less than one year, we follow a Topic 606 practical expedient and expense these costs when incurred. As of January 1, 2018, we had a balance of $2.3 million in deferred costs and have recognized $0.6 million of amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2018 . As of December 31, 2018, we had a balance of $3.0 million in deferred costs and have recognized $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 . No impairment losses have been recognized or changes made to the timeframe for performance of the obligations related to deferred contract assets during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 . Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations In contracts with multiple performance obligations, we identify each performance obligation and evaluate whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the contract at contract inception. When multiple performance obligations are identified, we identify how control transfers to the customer for each distinct contract obligation and determine the period when the obligations are satisfied. If obligations are satisfied in the same period, no allocation of revenue is deemed to be necessary. In the event performance obligations within a bundled contract do not run concurrently, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. We generally determine standalone selling prices based on the prices charged to customers or by using expected cost-plus margins. Performance obligations that are not distinct at contract inception are combined. Practical Expedients and Exemptions We generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs are recorded within direct operating expenses. |