Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Basis of Presentation | ' |
Basis of Presentation |
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The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company consolidates those entities in which it is the primary beneficiary of a variable-interest entity (VIE) as required by ASC 810, Consolidations (“ASC 810”), or entities where it has a controlling interest. Intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. |
As indicated above, the Corporation operates and controls all of the businesses and affairs of Holdings and its subsidiaries. As such, the Corporation consolidates the financial results of Holdings and records a non-controlling interest for the economic interest in Holdings not owned by the Corporation. The Corporation’s and the non-controlling unit holders’ economic interest in Holdings was 54.8% and 45.2%, respectively, as of December 31, 2013. The Corporation’s and the non-controlling unit holders’ economic interest in Holdings was 42.5% and 57.5%, respectively, as of December 31, 2012. |
Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest in Holdings in the consolidated statements of operations represents the portion of earnings or loss attributable to the economic interest in Holdings held by the non-controlling unit holders. Net income attributable to other non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of operations represents the portion of net income attributable to the non-controlling interests of Lucid, Faros and other consolidated subsidiaries or VIE's. Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest in Lucid represents the portion of earnings or loss attributable to the 49.9% economic interest held by Lucid non-controlling members whose allocation among the non-controlling members is not contingent upon services being provided. The portion of the 49.9% of Lucid earnings allocated among the non-controlling members of Lucid contingent on services provided is reported as a component of compensation expense under “Allocation of net income to Lucid members for services provided” in the consolidated statements of operations. Net income or loss attributable to the non-controlling interest in Faros (see Note 5) represents the portion of earnings or loss attributable to the 49.9% economic interest held by Faros non-controlling members. Net income or loss attributable to the non-controlling interests in other consolidated subsidiaries or VIE's represents the portion of earnings or loss attributable to the economic interests held by the non-controlling members. |
Non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of financial condition represents the portion of equity attributable to the non-controlling interests of Holdings, Lucid, Faros and other consolidated subsidiaries or VIE's. The allocation of equity to the non-controlling interests is based on the percentage owned by the non-controlling interest in the respective entity. |
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The Company's consolidated financial statements include the following significant subsidiaries of Holdings: |
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Forex Capital Markets LLC | | (“US”) |
FXCM Asia Limited | | (“HK”) |
Forex Capital Markets Limited | | (“UK”) |
FXCM Australia Limited | | (“Australia”) |
ODL Group Limited | | (“ODL”) |
FXCM Securities Limited | | (“FSL”) |
FXCM Japan Securities Co., Ltd. | | (“FXCMJ”) |
FXCM UK Merger Limited | | (“Merger”) |
Lucid Markets Trading Limited | | (“Lucid”) |
Lucid Markets LLP | | ("Lucid LLP") |
Faros Trading LLC | | ("Faros") |
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Investments where the Company is deemed to exercise significant influence (generally defined as owning a voting interest of 20% to 50% ), but no control, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The Company records its pro-rata share of earnings or losses each period and records any dividends as a reduction in the investment balance. The carrying value of these investments are included in Other assets in the consolidated statements of financial condition and earnings or losses are included in Loss on equity method investments, net in the consolidated statements of operations. |
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FXCMJ, a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings, has a fiscal year end of March 31 while the Company has a fiscal year end of December 31. FXCMJ is a Japanese based foreign exchange provider and is required under Japanese law to have a fiscal year end of March 31. The difference between the Company's reporting year end and FXCMJ does not result in a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. |
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Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current presentation. |
Use of Estimates | ' |
Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements as well as the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those estimates and could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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Cash and cash equivalents include cash at banks and highly liquid instruments with original maturities of less than 90 days at the time of purchase and cash collateral held by FX and CFD market makers related to hedging activities. At times, balances held in U.S. bank accounts may exceed federally insured limits. This potentially subjects the Company to concentration risk. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, held for customers | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, held for customers |
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Cash and cash equivalents, held for customers represents cash held to fund customer liabilities. At times, balances held in U.S. bank accounts may exceed federally insured limits. This potentially subjects the Company to concentration risk. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts. |
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The balance arises primarily from cash deposited by customers and net realized gains from customer trading activity. The Company records a corresponding liability in connection with this amount that is included in customer account liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition (see Note 12). A portion of the balance is not available for general use due to regulatory restrictions in certain jurisdictions. These restricted balances were $1.0 billion as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
Derivatives | ' |
Due from/to Brokers |
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Due from/to brokers represents the amount of the unsettled spot currency trades that the Company has open with its financial institutions. Also included in due from/to brokers is the fair value of derivative financial instruments discussed below. The Company has master netting agreements with its respective counterparties under which its due from/to brokers are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis in accordance with ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC Topic 210 Balance Sheet (“ASC 210”). |
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Derivatives |
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Derivative financial instruments are accounted for in accordance with ASC 815 and are included in Due from/to brokers in the consolidated statements of financial condition. The Company recognizes all derivative financial instruments in the consolidated statements of financial condition as either assets or liabilities at fair value. The Company enters into futures contracts to (i) economically hedge the open customer contracts on its CFD business and (ii) hedge trading in its electronic market making and institutional foreign exchange spot and futures markets. Futures contracts are exchanged traded contracts to either purchase or sell a specific asset at a specified future date for a specified price. Gains or losses on futures contracts related to the Company’s CFD business are included in Retail trading revenue and gains or losses on hedge trading in its electronic market making and institutional foreign exchange spot and futures markets are included in Institutional trading revenue in the consolidated statements of operations (see Note 22). |
Fair Value Measurements | ' |
Fair Value Measurements |
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Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurement establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. These three levels of fair value hierarchy are defined as follows: |
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Level I: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, accessible by the Company at the measurement date. |
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Level II: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other observable inputs other than quoted prices. |
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Level III: Unobservable inputs for assets or liabilities. |
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When Level I inputs are available, those inputs are selected for determination of fair value. To value derivatives that are characterized as Level II and III, the Company uses observable inputs for similar assets and liabilities that are available from pricing services or broker quotes. These observable inputs may be supplemented with other methods, including internal models that result in the most representative prices for assets and liabilities with similar characteristics. Multiple inputs may be used to measure fair value, however, the level of fair value for each derivative and financial asset or liability is based on the highest priority level of input within this fair value hierarchy. |
Office, Communication and Computer Equipment, net | ' |
Office, Communication and Computer Equipment, net |
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Office, communication and computer equipment, net, consist of computer equipment, purchased technology hardware and software, internally developed software, leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures and other equipment, licenses and communication equipment. Office, communication and computer equipment are recorded at historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of assets are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Certain costs of software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. The Company depreciates these assets using the following useful lives: |
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Computer equipment | | 3 to 5 years |
Software | | 2 to 5 years |
Leasehold improvements | | Lesser of the estimated economic useful life or the term of the lease |
Furniture and fixtures and other equipment | | 3 to 5 years |
Licenses | | 2 to 3 years |
Communication equipment | | 3 to 5 years |
Valuation of Other Long-Lived Assets | ' |
Valuation of Other Long-Lived Assets |
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The Company also assesses potential impairments of its other long-lived assets, including office, communication and computer equipment, when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recovered. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value and is not recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Any required impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset exceeds its fair value and is recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset and a charge to operating results. |
Business Combination | ' |
Business Combinations |
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The Company accounts for business acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805 and records assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The Company records any excess purchase price over the value assigned to net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of a business acquired as goodwill. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred (see Note 5). |
Goodwill | ' |
Goodwill |
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The Company recorded goodwill from various acquisitions. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of a business acquired. Goodwill is allocated to the Company’s reporting units based on the assignment of the fair values of each reporting unit of the acquired company. For purposes of the goodwill impairment test, the Company has identified its Retail and Institutional trading segments as its reporting units. The Company performs a two-step goodwill impairment review at the reporting unit level annually, or in interim periods if certain events occur indicating that the carrying value may be impaired. The Company tests for impairment during the fourth quarter of our fiscal year using October 1 carrying values. |
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The first step of the two-step process involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. In performing the first step, the Company determines the fair value of a reporting unit using a DCF analysis. Determining fair value requires the exercise of significant judgment, including judgments about appropriate discount rates, perpetual growth rates, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. The cash flows employed in the DCF analyses are based on the Company’s most recent budgets and business plans and, when applicable, various growth rates are assumed for years beyond the current business plan period. Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in the future cash flows of the respective reporting units. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, then the second step of the goodwill impairment test must be performed. The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with its carrying amount to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination (i.e., the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of that reporting unit including any unrecognized intangible assets as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the purchase price paid). If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. |
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There was no impairment of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2013. Although there is no impairment as of December 31, 2013, events such as economic weakness and unexpected significant declines in operating results of reporting units may result in our having to perform a goodwill impairment test for some or all of our reporting units prior to the required annual assessment. These types of events and the resulting analysis could result in goodwill impairment charges in the future (see Note 8) |
Other Intangible Assets, net | ' |
Other Intangible Assets, net |
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Other intangible assets, net, primarily include customer relationships, proprietary technology, non-compete agreements and trade names recorded from various acquisitions. |
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The customer relationships, non-compete agreements and trade names are finite-lived intangibles and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated average useful life of 4 to 9 years, 3 to 9 years, and 3 years, respectively. Proprietary technology is also finite-lived intangibles and is amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated average useful life of 4 to 7 years, respectively. The useful life of these intangibles is based on the period they are expected to contribute to future cash flows as determined by the Company's historical experience. For these finite-lived intangible assets subject to amortization, impairment is considered upon certain “triggering events” and is recognized if the carrying amount is not recoverable and the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the intangible asset. There was no impairment of finite-lived intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011. |
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The FX trading license is an indefinite-lived asset that is not amortized but tested for impairment. The Company’s policy is to test for impairment at least annually or in interim periods if certain events occur indicating that the fair value of the asset may be less than its carrying amount. An impairment test on this indefinite-lived asset is performed during the fourth quarter of the Company’s fiscal year using the October 1 carrying value. Impairment exists if the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value. There was no impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 |
Equity Method Investment | ' |
Equity Method Investments |
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Investments where the Company is deemed to exercise significant influence (generally defined as owning a voting interest of 20% to 50%), but no control, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The Company records its pro-rata share of earnings or losses each period and records any dividends as a reduction in the investment balance. Additionally, the carrying value of investments accounted for using the equity method of accounting is adjusted downward to reflect any impairment in value. For investments accounted for using the cost or equity method of accounting, the Company evaluates information (e.g., budgets, business plans, financial statements, etc.) in addition to quoted market prices, if any, in determining whether an other-than-temporary decline in value exists. Factors indicative of an impairment in value include recurring operating losses, credit defaults and subsequent rounds of financing at an amount below the cost basis of the Company’s investment. |
All of the Company’s equity method investments are accounted for at cost. These investments are included in Other assets in the consolidated statements of financial condition and earnings or losses are included in Loss on equity method investments, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Equity method investments are included in institutional and corporate for purposes of segment reporting. |
Accounts Receivable, net | ' |
Accounts Receivable, net |
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As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, accounts receivable, net, consisted primarily of amounts due from institutional customers relating to the Company's FX business, and fees receivable from the Company's white label service to third parties and payments for order flow, described in “Retail Trading Revenue” below. Receivables are shown net of reserves for uncollectible accounts. The reserve for bad debts is maintained at a level that management believes to be sufficient to absorb estimated losses in the accounts receivable portfolio. The reserve is increased by the provision for bad debts which is charged against operating results and decreased by the amount of charge-offs, net of recoveries. The amount charged against operating results is based on several factors including, but not limited to, a continuous assessment of the collectability of each account, the length of time a receivable is past due and our historical experience with the particular customer. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the reserve netted against receivables in the consolidated statements of financial condition was not material. |
Notes Receivable | ' |
Notes Receivable |
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Notes receivable represent receivable for notes acquired for cash plus accrued interest. Notes receivable are initially recorded at the amount of cash exchanged plus accrued interest. Interest income on the notes is recorded on an accrual basis and included in Interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company individually assesses its notes receivables for impairment using internally generated cash flow projections to determine if the notes will be repaid under the expected terms of the note agreements. If the Company concludes that the counterparty will not repay a note in accordance with its terms, the Company considers the note impaired and begins recognizing interest income on a cash basis, if any. To measure impairment, the Company calculates the estimated fair value of the collateral. If the estimated fair value of the collateral is less than the carrying value of the note receivable, the Company establishes an impairment reserve for the difference. If it is likely that a note will not be collected based on financial or other business indicators, the Company’s policy is to charge off the note in the period which it deems it uncollectible |
Other Assets | ' |
Other Assets |
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Other assets include prepaid expenses, equity method investments, deposits for rent security and deferred debt costs (see Note 11). |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses | ' |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses include operating expenses payable, amounts due to the Lucid non-controlling members in connection with trade settlements, commissions payable which represents balances owed to referring brokers for trades transacted by customers that were introduced to the Company by such brokers, bonuses payable, income taxes payable, a payable for a portion of the cash consideration relating to the business acquisitions (see Notes 5 and 13) and interest due on borrowings. |
Foreign Currency | ' |
Foreign Currency |
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Foreign denominated assets and liabilities are re-measured into the functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the statements of financial condition dates through the consolidated statements of operations. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are re-measured using the rates on the dates on which those elements are recognized during the period, and are included in Retail and Institutional trading revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded gains of $5.3 million, $0.8 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
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Translation gains or losses resulting from translating the Company’s subsidiaries’ financial statements from the functional currency to the reporting currency, net of tax, are included in Foreign currency translation gain (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Assets and liabilities are translated at the statement of financial condition date while revenues and expenses are translated at an applicable average rate. |
Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of an Investment within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity |
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in Foreign Entity. This standard addresses whether consolidation guidance or foreign currency guidance applies to the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a parent sells all or a part of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or net assets that are a business (other than a sale of in-substance real estate) within a foreign entity. The standard also resolves the diversity in practice for the cumulative translation adjustment treatment in business combinations achieved in stages involving foreign entities. |
Under this standard, the entire amount of the cumulative translation adjustment associated with the foreign entity should be released into earnings when there has been: (i) a sale of a subsidiary or group of net assets within a foreign entity and the sale represents a complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity in which the subsidiary or the net assets had resided; (ii) a loss of a controlling financial interest in an investment in a foreign entity; or (iii) a change in accounting method from applying the equity method to an investment in a foreign entity to consolidating the foreign entity. |
ASU No. 2013-05 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013, and will be applied prospectively. The Company plans to adopt the standard on its required effective date of January 1, 2014 and does not expect the adoption of the standard to have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. |
Revenue Recognition | ' |
Revenue Recognition |
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The Company makes foreign currency markets for customers trading in FX spot markets and through its subsidiary FSL, engages in equity and related brokerage activities. FX transactions are recorded on the trade date and positions are marked to market daily with related gains and losses, including gains and losses on open spot transactions, recognized currently in income. Commissions earned on brokerage activities are recorded on a trade date basis and are recognized currently in income. |
Retail Trading Revenue | ' |
Retail Trading Revenue |
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Under the Company’s retail agency FX offering, trading revenue is earned by adding a markup to the price provided by FX market makers generating trading revenue based on the volume of transactions and is recorded on trade date. Under the agency model, when a customer executes a trade on the best price quotation presented by the FX market maker, the Company acts as a credit intermediary, or a riskless principal, simultaneously entering into a trade with the customer and the FX market maker. This agency model has the effect of automatically hedging the Company's positions and eliminating market risk exposure. Retail trading revenues principally represent the difference of the Company's realized and unrealized foreign currency trading gains or losses on its positions with customers and the systematic hedge gains and losses from the trades entered into with the FX market makers. Retail trading revenue also includes fees earned from arrangements with other financial institutions to provide platform, back office and other trade execution services. This service is generally referred to as a white label arrangement. The Company earns a percentage of the markup charged by the financial institutions to their customers. Fees from this service are recorded when earned on a trade date basis. Additionally, the Company earns income from trading in CFDs, rollovers, payments for order flow, and spread betting. Income or loss on CFDs represents the difference between the Company's realized and unrealized trading gains or losses on its positions and the hedge gains or losses with the other financial institutions. Income or loss on CFDs is recorded on a trade date basis. Income or loss on rollovers is the interest differential customers earn or pay on overnight currency pair positions held and the markup that the Company receives on interest paid or received on currency pair positions held overnight. Income or loss on rollovers is recorded on a trade date basis. Income earned on order flow represents payments received from certain FX market makers in exchange for routing trade orders to these firms for execution. The Company's order routing software ensures that payments for order flow do not affect the routing of orders in a manner that is detrimental to its retail customers. The Company recognizes payments for order flow as earned on a trade date basis. Spread betting is where a customer takes a position against the value of an underlying financial instrument moving either upward or downward in the market. Income on spread betting is recorded as earned on a trade date basis. |
Institutional Trading Revenue | ' |
Institutional Trading Revenue |
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Institutional trading revenue relates to commission income generated by facilitating spot FX trades on behalf of institutional customers through the services provided by FXCM Pro and Faros (see Note 5). The counterparties to these trades are external financial institutions that also hold customer account balances. The Company receives commission income on these trades without taking any market or credit risk. Institutional trading revenue is recorded on a trade date basis. The Company also earns income from market making and electronic trading in the institutional foreign exchange spot and futures markets through Lucid. Income on market making and electronic trading in foreign exchange spot and future currencies represents the spread between the bid and ask price for positions purchased and sold and the change in value of positions purchased and sold. Income on market making is recorded as trading gains, net of trading losses, on a trade date basis. |
Interest Income | ' |
Interest Income |
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Interest income consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and cash and cash equivalents, held for customers and is recognized in the period earned. |
Other Income | ' |
Other Income |
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Other income primarily includes amounts earned from the sale of market data, equity and equity option brokerage activities, account maintenance fees, ancillary fee income and recovery of accounts receivable previously written off. |
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For the year ended December 31, 2013, Other income in the consolidated statements of operations includes $7.0 million of revenue related to the re-measurement of the contingent consideration recorded for the acquisition of Faros (see Note 5), partly offset by a charge of $1.2 million attributable to the re-measurement of the Due to related parties pursuant to tax receivable agreement to reflect a revised U.S. federal tax rate. For the year ended December 31, 2012, Other income in the consolidated statements of operations includes a $1.4 million gain related to a settlement with the former owners of ODL. |
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For the year ended December 31, 2011, Other income in the consolidated statements of operations includes $4.5 million of revenue related to the termination of a trade execution services contract that resulted in the recognition of previously deferred income and $3.3 million attributable to the re-measurement of the Due to related parties pursuant to tax receivable agreement to reflect the Company’s revised U.S. Federal income tax rate. |
Communications and Technology | ' |
Communications and Technology |
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Communications and technology expense consists primarily of costs for network connections to our electronic trading platforms, telecommunications costs, and fees paid for access to external market data. This expense is affected primarily by the growth of electronic trading, our network/ platform capacity requirements and by changes in the number of telecommunication hubs and connections which provide our customers with direct access to our electronic trading platforms. |
Trading Costs, Prime Brokerage and Clearing Fees | ' |
Trading Costs, Prime Brokerage and Clearing Fees |
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Trading costs, prime brokerage and clearing fees primarily represent fees paid to third party clearing banks and prime brokers for clearing foreign exchange spot futures currency and contract transactions, transaction fees paid to exchanges, equity options brokerage activity fees, and fees paid to third party providers for use of their platform for the Company’s market making trading business. Clearing fees primarily fluctuate based on changes in volume, rate of clearing fees charged by clearing banks and rate of fees paid to exchanges. |
Referring Broker Fees | ' |
Referring Broker Fees |
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Referring broker fees represent commissions paid to brokers for introducing trading customers to the Company. Commissions are determined based on the number and size of transactions executed by the customers and are recorded on a trade date basis. |
Compensation and Benefits | ' |
Compensation and Benefits |
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Compensation and benefits expense represents employee and member salaries and benefit expense, including stock based compensation expense. |
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The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). The fair value of the Company’s stock-based compensation is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model or the fair value of the Corporation’s Class A common stock. The Company recognizes compensation expense for equity awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Compensation expense is adjusted for an estimate of equity awards that do not vest in the future because service or performance conditions are not satisfied (forfeitures) and have been included in Compensation and benefits in the consolidated statements of operations (see Note 16. |
Advertising and Marketing | ' |
Advertising and Marketing |
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Advertising and marketing costs are charged to operations when incurred. |
General and Administrative Expenses | ' |
General and Administrative Expenses |
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General and administrative expenses include bank processing and regulatory fees, professional and consulting fees, occupancy and equipment expense and other administrative costs. Bank processing fees are costs associated with the processing of credit card transactions. Regulatory fees are volume-based costs and annual fees charged by certain regulatory authorities. General and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes a charge of $16.6 million related to a liability established pertaining to a settlement with the FCA regarding our pre August 2010 trade execution practices (see Note 27). |
Income Taxes | ' |
Presentation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits |
In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, Presentation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists. This standard requires a liability related to unrecognized tax benefits to be presented as a reduction to the related deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward or a tax credit carryforward. When the carryforwards are not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, the unrecognized tax benefit will be presented in the financial statements as a liability and will not be combined with the related deferred tax asset. |
ASU No. 2013-11 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013, but earlier adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the standard should be applied prospectively to unrecognized tax benefits that existed at the effective date. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company plans to adopt the standard prospectively on its required effective date of January 1, 2014 and does not expect the adoption of the standard to have a material effect on its consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. |
Income Taxes |
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Holdings operates in the United States (“U.S.”) as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal, state and local income tax purposes. As a result, Holdings' income from its U.S. operations is not subject to U.S. federal income tax because the income is attributable to its members. Accordingly, the Company’s U.S. tax provision is solely based on the portion of Holdings’ income attributable to the Corporation and excludes the income attributable to other members of Holdings whose income is included in Net Income attributable to non-controlling interest in FXCM Holdings, LLC in the consolidated statements of operations. |
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Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"), which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized, using enacted tax rates, for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets, including net operating losses and income tax credits, are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is "more likely than not" that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized (see Note 24). |
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In addition to U.S. federal and state income taxes, Holdings is subject to Unincorporated Business Tax which is attributable to Holdings' operations apportioned to New York City. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries are also subject to local taxes. |
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In accordance with ASC 740, we evaluate a tax position to determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. If the position does not meet a more likely than not threshold, a tax reserve is established and no income tax benefit is recognized. We are audited by U.S. federal and state, as well as foreign, tax authorities. In some cases, many years may elapse before a tax return containing tax positions for which an ASC 740 reserve has been established is examined and an audit is completed. As audit settlements are reached, we adjust the corresponding reserves, if required, in the period in which the final determination is made. While it is difficult to predict the final outcome or timing of a particular tax matter, we believe that our reserves for uncertain tax positions are recorded pursuant to the provisions of ASC 740. |
Fair Value Measurements and Related Disclosures | ' |
Fair Value Measurements and Related Disclosures |
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In May 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that provides a uniform framework for fair value measurements and related disclosures between U.S GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. Additional disclosure requirements under this guidance include: (1) for Level III fair value measurements, quantitative information about unobservable inputs used, a description of the valuation processes used by the entity, and a qualitative discussion about the sensitivity of the measurements to changes in the unobservable inputs; (2) for an entity's use of nonfinancial asset that is different from the asset's highest and best use, the reason for the difference; (3) for financial instruments not measured at fair value but for which disclosure of fair value is required, the fair value hierarchy level in which the fair value measurements were determined; and (4)the disclosure of all transfers between Level I and Level II of the fair value hierarchy. This guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2012 and did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
Presentation of Comprehensive Income | ' |
Presentation of Comprehensive Income |
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In June 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that eliminates the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity, among other updates to the presentation of comprehensive income. Under this guidance, an entity has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In addition, an entity is required to present on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statement(s) where the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. This guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2012 and did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
Balance Sheet Offsetting | ' |
Balance Sheet Offsetting |
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In December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-11 which requires disclosures of both gross and net information about instrument and transactions eligible for offset as well as transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting agreement. In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01 which limited the scope of the offsetting disclosures to recognized derivative instruments accounted for in accordance with ASC 815. ASU No. 2013-01 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 and interim periods within those annual periods and must be applied retrospectively. This guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2013 and did not have a material impact the presentation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. |
Testing Goodwill for Impairment | ' |
Testing Goodwill for Impairment |
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In July 2012, the FASB issued amended guidance relating to FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, which permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test in accordance with ASC Topic 350. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. If, after assessing the totality of events and circumstances, an entity concludes that it is not more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, then no further action is required. This guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2013. Since this guidance only changes the manner in which the Company assesses indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. |
Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | ' |
Reclassification Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
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In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This guidance requires an entity to present information about significant items reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) by component and for items reclassified out of AOCI and into net income, an entity must disclose the effect of such items on the affected net income line item. ASU No. 2013-02 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 and interim periods within those annual periods and must be applied retrospectively. This guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2013 and did not have a material impact the presentation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. |
Certain Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements | ' |
Certain Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements |
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-20, Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation is Fixed at the Reporting Date. This standard requires an entity to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation is fixed at the reporting date as the sum of (i) the amount the entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and (ii) any additional amount it expect to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. |
ASU No. 2013-20 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013, but earlier adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the standard should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. The Company plans to adopt the standard on its required effective date of January 1, 2014 and does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. |