Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | 5. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Loans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are summarized as follows: September 30, December 31, 2015 2014 Real estate: Construction and land $ $ Farmland 1 - 4 family residential Multi-family residential Nonfarm nonresidential Commercial Consumer Deferred loan fees Allowance for loan losses $ $ Included in the net loan portfolio as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 is an accretable discount related to loans acquired within a business combination in the approximate amounts of $1,065 and $185 , respectively. The discount is being accreted into income using the interest method over the life of the loans. The majority of the loan portfolio is comprised of loans to businesses and individuals in the Dallas metropolitan area. This geographic concentration subjects the loan portfolio to the general economic conditions within this area. The risks created by this concentration have been considered by management in the determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Management believes the allowance for loan losses was adequate to cover estimated losses on loans as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Non ‑Accrual and Past Due Loans Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on non ‑accrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. Loans may be placed on non ‑accrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. When the accrual of interest is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Non ‑accrual loans, excluding purchased credit impaired loans, aggregated by class of loans are as follows : September 30, December 31, 2015 2014 Real estate: Construction and land $ — $ — Farmland — — 1 - 4 family residential — — Multi-family residential — — Nonfarm nonresidential — Commercial Consumer $ $ During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, interest income not recognized on non ‑accrual loans was minimal. An aging analysis of past due loans, aggregated by class of loans, as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 is as follows : September 30, 2015 Total 90 Days Past Due 30 to 59 60 to 89 90 Days Total Total Total and Still Days Days or Greater Past Due Current Loans Accruing Real estate: Construction and land $ — $ — $ — $ — $ $ $ — Farmland — — — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — Multi-family residential — — — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — — — — Commercial — — Consumer — — — $ $ $ — $ $ $ $ — December 31, 2014 Total 90 Days Past Due 30 to 59 60 to 89 90 Days Total Total Total and Still Days Days or Greater Past Due Current Loans Accruing Real estate: Construction and land $ $ — $ $ $ $ $ — Farmland — — — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — — Multi-family residential — — — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — — Commercial — — Consumer — — — $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — Impaired Loans Impaired loans are those loans where it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. All troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) are considered impaired loans. Impaired loans are measured based on either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; the loan’s observable market price; or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Substantially all of the Company’s impaired loans are measured at the fair value of the collateral. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible. Impaired loans, including purchased credit impaired loans and TDRs , at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are summarized in the following tables . September 30, 2015 Unpaid Recorded Recorded Average Contractual Investment Investment Total Recorded Principal with No With Recorded Related Investment Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance YTD Real estate: Construction and land $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ Farmland — — — — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — Multi-family residential — — — — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — Commercial Consumer Total $ $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2014 Unpaid Recorded Recorded Average Contractual Investment Investment Total Recorded Principal with No With Recorded Related Investment Balance Allowance Allowance Investment Allowance YTD Real estate: Construction and land $ $ — $ $ $ $ Farmland — — — — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — Multi-family residential — — — — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — Commercial Consumer Total $ $ $ $ $ $ Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, total interest income and cash ‑based interest income recognized on impaired loans was minimal. Troubled Debt Restructuring Modifications of terms for the Company’s loans and their inclusion as TDRs are based on individual facts and circumstances. Loan modifications that are included as TDRs may involve a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, or deferral of principal payments, regardless of the period of the modification. The recorded investment in TDRs was $1, 741 and $1,677 as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively . During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the terms of certain loans were modified as troubled debt restructurings as follows: During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Extended Pre- Extended Maturity, Modification Maturity Restructured Outstanding Adjusted and Payments and Number Recorded Interest Extended Restructured Adjusted of Loans Investment Rate Maturity Payments Interest Rate Real estate loans: Construction and land — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Farmland — — — — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — — — — — Multi-family residential — — — — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — — Commercial — — — Consumer — — — — — — Total $ $ — $ — $ $ Of the two loans restructured during the nine months, ended September 30, 2015 both loans were performing as agreed to the modified terms. A specific allowance of $100 for loan losses was recorded on one loan modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. There were no loans modified as a TDR loan within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. A default for purposes of this disclosure is a TDR loan in which the borrower is 90 days past due or results in the foreclosure and repossession of the applicable collateral. During the nine months ended September 30, 2014, the terms of certain loans that were not significant were modified as TDRs . Interest income recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 on the restructured loans and interest income that would have been recorded had the terms of the loan not been modified was minimal. The Company has not committed to lend additional amounts to customers with outstanding loans that were classified as TDRs as of September 30, 2015 or 2014. Credit Quality Indicators From a credit risk standpoint, the Company classifies its loans in the following categories: (i) pass, (ii) special mention, (iii) substandard or (iv) doubtful. Loans classified as loss are charged ‑off. The classifications of loans reflect a judgment about the risks of default and loss associated with the loan. The Company reviews the ratings on criticized credits monthly. Ratings are adjusted to reflect the degree of risk and loss that is felt to be inherent in each credit as of each monthly reporting period. All classified credits are evaluated for impairment. If impairment is determined to exist, a specific reserve is established. The Company’s methodology is structured so that specific reserves are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality (and a corresponding increase in risk and loss) or decreased in accordance with improvement in credit quality (and a corresponding decrease in risk and loss). Credits rated special mention show clear signs of financial weaknesses or deterioration in credit worthiness, however, such concerns are not so pronounced that the Company generally expects to experience significant loss within the short ‑term. Such credits typically maintain the ability to perform within standard credit terms and credit exposure is not as prominent as credits rated more harshly. Credits rated substandard are those in which the normal repayment of principal and interest may be, or has been, jeopardized by reason of adverse trends or developments of a financial, managerial, economic or political nature, or important weaknesses which exist in collateral. A protracted workout on these credits is a distinct possibility. Prompt corrective action is therefore required to strengthen the Company’s position, and/or to reduce exposure and to assure that adequate remedial measures are taken by the borrower. Credit exposure becomes more likely in such credits and a serious evaluation of the secondary support to the credit is performed. Credits rated doubtful are those in which full collection of principal appears highly questionable, and which some degree of loss is anticipated, even though the ultimate amount of loss may not yet be certain and/or other factors exist which could affect collection of debt. Based upon available information, positive action by the Company is required to avert or minimize loss. Credits rated doubtful are generally also placed on non ‑accrual. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the following summarizes the Company’s internal ratings of its loans, including purchased credit impaired loans : September 30, 2015 Special Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Real estate: Construction and land $ $ — $ — $ — $ Farmland — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — Multi-family residential — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — Commercial Consumer — — Total $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2014 Special Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Real estate: Construction and land $ $ — $ $ — $ Farmland — — — 1 - 4 family residential — — Multi-family residential — — — Nonfarm nonresidential — — Commercial — Consumer — — Total $ $ $ $ — $ An analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 and year ended December 31, 2014 is as follows : For the For the For the Nine Months Ended Year Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 September 30, 2014 Balance at beginning of year $ $ $ Provision charged to earnings Charge-offs Recoveries Net charge-offs Balance at end of year $ $ $ The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans is 0.82% , 0 .99% , and 1.01% as of September 30, 2015, December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, respectively. The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2014 : September 30, 2015 Real Estate Construction, Nonfarm Land and Non- Farmland Residential Residential Commercial Consumer Total Balance at beginning of year $ $ $ $ $ $ Provision (recapture) charged to earnings Charge-offs — — Recoveries — — Net charge-offs (recoveries) — Balance at end of year $ $ $ $ $ $ Period-end amount allocated to: Specific reserves: Impaired loans $ — $ — $ — $ $ $ Total specific reserves — — — General reserves Total $ $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2014 Real Estate Construction, Nonfarm Land and Non- Farmland Residential Residential Commercial Consumer Total Balance at beginning of year $ $ $ $ $ $ Provision (recapture) charged to earnings Charge-offs — Recoveries — — Net charge-offs (recoveries) Balance at end of year $ $ $ $ $ $ Period-end amount allocated to: Specific reserves: Impaired loans $ $ — $ — $ $ $ Total specific reserves — — General reserves Total $ $ $ $ $ $ September 30, 2014 Real Estate Construction Nonfarm Land and Non- Farmland Residential Residential Commercial Consumer Total Balance at beginning of year $ $ $ $ $ $ Provision (recapture) charged to earnings Charge-offs — Recoveries — — Net charge-offs (recoveries) Balance at end of year $ $ $ $ $ $ Period-end amount allocated to: Specific reserves: Impaired loans $ $ — $ — $ $ $ Total specific reserves — — General reserves Total $ $ $ $ $ $ The Company’s recorded investment in loans as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 related to the balance in the allowance for loan losses on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology is as follows : September 30, 2015 Real Estate Construction Nonfarm Land and Non- Farmland Residential Residential Commercial Consumer Total Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ $ $ $ $ Loans collectively evaluated for impairment Total $ $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2014 Real Estate Construction Nonfarm Land and Non- Farmland Residential Residential Commercial Consumer Total Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ $ $ $ Loans collectively evaluated for impairment Total $ $ $ $ $ $ The Company has acquired certain loans which experienced credit deterioration since origination (purchased credit impaired “PCI” loans). Accretion on PCI loans is based on estimated future cash flows, regardless of contractual maturity. Servicing Assets At September 30, 2015, the Company was servicing loans acquired in the IBT acquisition of approximately $15 ,000 . A summary of the changes in the related servicing assets are as follows: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 2014 Balance at beginning of year $ — $ — Servicing asset acquired through acquisition Increase from loan sales — Amortization charged to income — Increase in valuation allowance — — Balance at end of period $ $ — The estimated fair value of the servicing assets approximated the carrying amount at September 30, 2015. No servicing assets were held by the bank prior to the IBT acquisition. Fair value is estimated by discounting estimated future cash flows from the servicing assets using discount rates that approximate current market rates over the expected lives of the loans being serviced. A valuation allowance is recorded when the fair value is below the carrying amount of the asset. At September 30, 2015, there was no valuation allowance recorded The Company may also receive a portion of subsequent interest collections on loans sold that exceed the contractual servicing fee. In that case, the Company records an interest-only strip based on the relative fair market value of it and the other components of the loans. There was no interest-only strip receivable recorded at September 30, 2015. |