Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2014 |
Policies | ' |
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | ' |
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
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Principles of Consolidation |
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The consolidated financial statements included herewith include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturity of less than 90 days to be cash equivalents. |
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Exploration Stage Enterprise – Early Adoption of New Accounting Standard |
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In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements, Including an Amendment to Variable Interest Entities Guidance in Topic 810, Consolidation. The amendments in this Update remove the definition of a development stage entity from the Master Glossary of the Accounting Standards Codification, thereby removing the financial reporting distinction between development stage entities and other reporting entities from GAAP. In addition, the amendments eliminate the requirements for development stage entities to (1) present inception-to-date information in the statements of income, cash flows, and shareholder equity, (2) label the financial statements as those of a development stage entity, (3) disclose a description of the development stage activities in which the entity is engaged, and (4) disclose in the first year in which the entity is no longer in a development stage that in prior years it had been in the development stage. |
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The amendments also clarify that the guidance in Topic 275, Risks and Uncertainties, is applicable to entities that have not commenced planned principal operations. Finally, the amendments remove paragraph 810-10-15-16. Paragraph 810-10-15-16 states that a development stage entity does not meet the condition in paragraph 810-10-15-14(a) to be a variable interest entity if (1) the entity can demonstrate that the equity invested in the legal entity is sufficient to permit it to finance the activities that it is currently engaged in and (2) the entity’s governing documents and contractual arrangements allow additional equity investments. The amendments in this Update also eliminate an exception provided to development stage entities in Topic 810, Consolidation, for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity on the basis of the amount of investment equity that is at risk. The amendments to eliminate that exception simplify GAAP by reducing avoidable complexity in existing accounting literature and improve the relevance of information provided to financial statement users by requiring the application of the same consolidation guidance by all reporting entities. The elimination of the exception may change the consolidation analysis, consolidation decision, and disclosure requirements for a reporting entity that has an interest in an entity in the development stage. The amendments related to the elimination of inception-to-date information and the other remaining disclosure requirements of Topic 915 should be applied retrospectively except for the clarification to Topic 275, which shall be applied prospectively. For public business entities, those amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2014, and interim periods therein. Early application of each of the amendments is permitted for any annual reporting period or interim period for which the entity’s financial statements have not yet been issued (public business entities) or made available for issuance (other entities). Upon adoption, entities will no longer present or disclose any information required by Topic 915. The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-10 effective July 31, 2014. |
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Furniture, Fixtures & Equipment |
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Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Principal useful lives are as follows: |
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Office furniture and equipment | 7 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Normal maintenance and repairs for property and equipment are charged to expense as incurred, while significant improvements are capitalized. |
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Oil and Gas Properties |
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The Company follows the full cost method of accounting for oil and natural gas operations. Under this method all productive and nonproductive costs incurred in connection with the acquisition, exploration, and development of oil and natural gas reserves are capitalized on a country-by-country basis into an individual country “cost pool.” The Company has operations in the United States and, consequently, only has one cost pool. No gains or losses are recognized upon the sale or other disposition of oil and natural gas properties except in transactions that would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves. The costs of unevaluated oil and natural gas properties are excluded from the amortizable base until the time that either proven reserves are found or it has been determined that such properties are impaired. As properties become evaluated, the related costs are transferred to the proved oil and natural gas properties cost pool using full cost accounting. |
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Under the full cost method the net book value of oil and natural gas properties, less related deferred income taxes, may not exceed the estimated after-tax future net revenues from proved oil and natural gas properties, discounted at 10% (the “Ceiling Limitation”). In arriving at estimated future net revenues, estimated lease operating expenses, development costs, and certain production-related and ad valorem taxes are deducted. In calculating future net revenues, prices and costs are held constant indefinitely, except for changes that are fixed and determinable by existing contracts. Prices are determined using a simple arithmetic average of the first day of each month during the most recent twelve month period presented herein. The net book value is compared to the Ceiling Limitation on a quarterly and yearly basis. The excess, if any, of the net book value above the Ceiling Limitation is charged to expense in the period in which it occurs and is not subsequently reinstated. |
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Unit-of-production depletion is applied to capitalized costs of the full cost pool. Unit-of-production rates are based on the amount of proved reserves (both developed and undeveloped) of oil, gas and other minerals that are estimated to be recoverable from existing facilities using current operating methods. |
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The costs of investments in unproved properties and portions of costs associated with major development projects are excluded from the depreciation, depletion and amortization calculation until the project is evaluated. |
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Unproved property costs include leasehold costs, seismic costs and other costs incurred during the exploration phase. In areas where proved reserves are established, significant unproved properties are evaluated periodically, but not less than annually, for impairment. If a reduction in value has occurred, these property costs are considered impaired and are transferred to the related full cost pool. Unproved properties whose acquisition costs are not individually significant are aggregated, and the portion of such costs estimated to be ultimately nonproductive, based on experience, and is amortized to the full cost pool over an average holding period. |
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Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes that the following material estimates affecting the financial statements could significantly change in the coming year. |
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The most significant estimates pertain to proven oil and natural gas reserves and related cash flow estimates used in impairment tests of long-lived assets, estimates of future development, dismantlement and abandonment costs. Certain of these estimates require assumptions regarding future costs and expenses and future production rates. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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The Company’s revenue, profitability and future growth are substantially dependent upon the prevailing and future prices for oil and natural gas, which are dependent upon numerous factors beyond their control such as economic, political and regulatory developments and competition from other energy sources. The energy markets have historically been very volatile and there can be no assurance that oil and natural gas prices will not be subject to wide fluctuations in the future. A substantial or extended decline in oil and natural gas prices could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, cash flows and quantities of oil and natural gas reserves that may be economically produced. |
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Estimates of oil and natural gas reserves and their values, future production rates and future costs and expenses are inherently uncertain for numerous reasons, including many factors beyond the Company’s control. Reservoir engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact manner. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of data available and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. In addition, estimates of reserves may be revised based on actual production, results of subsequent exploration and development activities, prevailing commodity prices, operating cost and other factors. These revisions may be material and could materially affect future depletion, depreciation and amortization expense, dismantlement and abandonment costs, and impairment expense. |
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Revenue Recognition |
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Revenues are recognized when hydrocarbons have been delivered, the customer has taken title and payment is reasonably assured. |
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Asset Retirement Obligations |
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The Company provides for future asset retirement obligations on its resource properties and facilities based on estimates established by current legislation and industry practices. The asset retirement obligation is initially measured at fair value and capitalized as an asset retirement cost that is amortized on a straight line 15 year basis. The obligation is accreted through interest expense until it is expensed and or settled. The fair value of the obligation is estimated based on recent operations in the area and is then accreted using an expected inflation rate for oil field service costs. The Company recognizes revisions to either the timing or amount of the original estimate as increases or decreases to the asset retirement obligation. |
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The significant assumptions used to develop the expected liability during the period are as follows: |
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Average cost to remediate individual well sites: $4,000 to $7,000 (net to our interest) |
Average gross salvage value expected from individual well sites remediated: $0 (net) |
Expected inflation rate for oil field service costs: 5% |
Risk weighted cost of credit: 8% |
Average time to abandonment: 20 years |
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Actual retirement costs will be recorded against the obligation when incurred. Any difference between the recorded asset retirement obligation and the actual retirement costs incurred is recorded as a gain or loss in the settlement period. |
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Beginning balance, December 31, 2013 | | $ | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities incurred | | | 273,000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities Settled | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accretion expense | | | 5,460 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at September 30, 2014 | | $ | 278,460 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Fair Value |
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As defined in authoritative guidance, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (“exit price”). To estimate fair value, the Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated or generally unobservable. |
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The authoritative guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities ("Level 1" measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs ("Level 3" measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: |
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Level 1 - Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. |
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Level 2 - Other inputs that are observable, directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
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Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and which the Company makes its own assumptions about how market participants would price the assets and liabilities. |
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In instances in which multiple levels of inputs are used to measure fair value, hierarchy classification is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. |
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| | Fair | | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | |
Value |
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Asset retirement obligation | | | 278,460 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 278,460 | |
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